SCOTTISH CERTIFICATE OF EDUCATION

MATHEMA
HTGHER GRAD 2 hours Paper I
Paper

SCOTT CERTII EDUCA

1991

II

2 hours 30 minutes

INSTRUCTIONS TO CAN DIDATES

hlffily working. l. p1lcpfrx,fl be given only where the solution contains appropriate credit. any receive wil] not drawings from scale readings Z fi55e15ohaineO Uy
the

1. Fiot
FORMULAELIST The equati on x2 + yz + 2 gx + Zfy + c = 0 represents a circle centre (- g,- f) and radius .lG, + f2 - c). The equation (x - a)2 + (y - b)z = 12 represents a circle centre (a, b) and radius r. ScalarProduct: o.b=lal lbl cos0, where0 istheanglebetweenaandb or
a.b 2.

Thl
Det

3.

Sho

a1b1+ azbz* a3D3

,r=[;]l wher. a = | orl un,

('')

4. Dia
(a)
(D)

Trigonometric

formulae:

Table of standard

= sin A cos B t cos A sin B = cos A cos BT sin A sin B cos 2A = cos2 A - sin2 A = 2cos2A - 1 = 1- 2sin2A sin 2A = 2sin A cos A derivatives: l@) f '(x)
sin (A + B) cos (A tB)

l.;;]

t.,1

Table of standard integrals

sinarc cosatc f (x) sinar

cosatc

acosatc

5. Fin
6.

-asinax [ f fda*
a

whr

j"orr*+C
1ri.ra, + C
a

Wh

ren

Fir

7. (a)
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Note: This publication is NOT licensed for copying under the Copyright Licensing.{gency's Scheme, to
which Robert Gibson & Sons are not party. reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced; stored in a retrieval system; or rvithout mechanical, photocopying, or otherwise transmitted in any form or by any means - electronic, prior permission of the publisher Robert Gibson & Sonq Ltd., 17 Fitzroy Place, Glasgow, G3 7SF'

(D)

All rights

8. Fit

x2.

CERTIFICATE OF EDI'ICATION
1992

SCOTTISH

MONDAY, 1 1 MAY 9.30 AM * 11.30 AM

MATHEMATICS
HIGHER GRADE
Paper

9.

./'All questions should be attempted

1. Find the equation of the tangent to the curve

Marks
5x3

the 1rcint where x =

l.

with equation y =

6x2 at (4)

2. In the diagram, A is the point (7,0), B is (-3, -2) and, C (-1, 8).

The median CE and the altitude BD intersect at J. (a) Find the equations of CE and BD.
(D)

An thr

lef

Find the coordinates of J.

(8)

wi
Gi

Str

fro 3.

Fhdfr ilr-

2 is a factor of 13 + kx2

4x

12.

(3)

10. Tt fol

L Acurve for which

=
r.

3x2

lpasses

through the point (-1,2).

(4)

TT

axi

Express 3l in terms of

-2

Or 5. Find, correct to one decimal place, the value of rLich satisfies the equation 3cos(2r * 40)" - 1 = 0. 6- On e suiteble set of real numbers,

between 180 and 270 (s)

(a)

(D)

functions/ and g are defined by

nlo=h
'7- (4 f-ryrcs O< c<

and e(x)=!-2.
(3)

11. Di

FinilJk(-D in its simplest form.

3cos*" in the form ft sin(r 360. Find the values of k and a.
sio.ro

12. At

dr

a)o where ft > 0 and

gn sh

(O fiDd-ftc rrr-imum value of 5 + sinr" fu ilich this maximum occurs.

3cosro and state a value of

(6)

t Eurhc , r*1 I 4,
-&-

(s)

1992

Marks

An ancient Stone Circle has a processional pathway from the Heelstone to the centre of the Stone Circle. In the picture above, the Heelstone is on the left and the dotted line represents the processional pathway. With suitable axes and using the Heelstone as the origin, the equation of the Stone Circle is 12 + y2 - 8x - 6y + 27 = 0. Given that 1 unit represents 15 metres, calculate the distance in metres from the Heelstone to the nearest point on the edge of the Circle.

(S)

The sketch shows the praph of y = f(x) for -2-( #:( 4.

-2-(

The function g(x) has the line x = 4 as an axis of symmetry and g(x) = /(x) for
x -( 4.

On separate sketches, indicate

(a) y = g(x) for -2 -( x -( 10

(6) y = -Zg(x) for

3

0 -(

x-( 8 . with respect to r.

(4)

11. Differentiate 2xZ +

sin2x

(4)

12. An incomplete sketch (not drawn to scale) of the graph of y = logro(x + a) is shown. Find the value of a.

(21

f
1992

Marks

13. The diagram shows a kite OABC. A

is

the point (4,0) and B is the point (4,3). Calculate the gradient of OC correct to two decimal places.

17. Calcu} offtso

does nt

(3) 14.

(a)

Evaluate

["llrr* r*.
0

18.

The

(b) Draw a sketch

and explain your answer.

(s)

vecto

Iflc

15.

19. The
equi

An aircraft flying at a constant speed on a straight flight path takes 2 minutes to fly from A to B and 1 minute to fly from B to C. Relative to a
suitable set of axes, A is the point (-1,3,4) and B is the point (3, 1,-2). Find the coordinates of the point C.
(3)

Ske'

AB is
(x

a tangent at B to the circle with centre C and equation

212

+ b,

2)2 -- ZS.

The point A has coordinates (10,8). Find the area of triangle ABC.
(s)

1992

Marks
17. Calculate the least positive integer value
does not cut or touch the r-axis.

(4)

18.

The diagram shows representatives of two vectors, a and. b, inclined at an angle of 60'.

lf lal = 2 ar'.d I al = g, evaluate a.(a + b).

(3)

19. The line with equation y = r is a tangent at the origin to the parabola with equation y = f(x). The parabola has a maximum turning point at (a, b\Sketch the graph of y = l'@).

(4)

IEND OF QUESTTON PAPER]

MONDAY, 1 1 MAY
1.30 PM - 4.00 PM

MATHEMATICS
HIGHER GRADE
Paper

II

3. Biok

stx

enda

All questions should be attempted

part of the graph of the curve with equation

Marks

Afa
clail The

-2
the coordinates points where the the r and y
; mordinates of the

I
2

'points and justify

(a)

,
sritable set of coordinate axes with a scale of 1 unit to 2 the positions of a transmitter mast, ship, aircraft and satellite in the diagram below.
R (7,2,31

wh

(11)

pro( 307 (6)

4-

(*

c (12,-4,11

'!

n,o,-s,-tf6@/
T of the transmitter mast is the origin, the bridge B on the ship is ; (5,-5,-l), the centre C of the dish on the top of a mou-ntain is the

(t
(q

*.1t2,-1,D'and the reflector R on the aircraft is the point (7,2,3). Find the distance in kilometres from the bridge of the ship to the mflector on the aircraft. Three minutes earlier, the aircraft was at the point M(-2,4,8'5). Find fu speed of the aircraft in kilometres per hour. GI Prove that the direction of the beam TC is perpendicular to the direction of the beam BR. (4 Calculate the size of angle TCR.
10

2
3 5

(13)

1992

Marhs
3. Biologists calculate

a sea loch reaches 5 milligrams per litre (mg/l), the level of pollution
endangers the life of the fish.

that, when the concentration of a particular chemical in

A factory wishes to release waste containing this chemical into the loch. It is claimed that the discharge will not endanger the fish. The Local Authority is supplied with the following information:

l. The loch contains none of this chemical at present. 2, The factory manager has applied to discharge waste once per
week which will result in an increase in concentration of 2'5 mg/l of the chemical in the loch.

3. (")

The natural tidal action will remove 40Yo of the chemical from the loch every week.

Show that this level of discharge would result in fish being endangered.

When this result is announced, the company agrees to install a cleaning process that reduces the concentration of chemical released into the loch by

lor*rnr*

the calculations you would use to check this revised application. Should the Local Authority grant permission?
(8)

4. (a) For a particular

radioactive substance, the mass m (in grarns) at time r (in years) is given by
in = moe-o'ozt

where mo is the original mass. If the original mass is 500 grams, find the mass after 10 years.

(6) The half-life of any material is the time taken for half of the mass to
decay.

(r)

Find the half-life of this substance. Illustrate all of the above information on

3 a

graph.

(8)

tt

|,&4rt"?sft r*fir:.:' fl'Gl[hfird *iE fl,rq-:

-

re92

Marks

rlf,*tTfohc 500 m3length f,t f a rGtres is the cdgc of the floor. -dlo: that the a;rea A , rqtrc mctres of netting qrilrcd is given bY
..^ll.=

floor- Ttre volume of the

rhc shaPe

e zoo intend

of a cuboid

to build

7. (a)
(D)

'

(c) I (d) l
a,

0!

x F-d tte dimensions of trc aviary to ensure that

*+

2ooo
.)l

I
6

t[c cost of netting

anirrirnised.

is

(10)

6. The oector prod.uct,

ax

b,

or a

=[l,,.l"". ,

(arbr-arbr) [";J
oxb=l "ru,-rru, l.
[a1b, -arb1
,,|

[I)
[o'J

is derined bv

Example

8. At

wl
When

"=[iJ,andb=[]
( ,"2 - 3xo )

bd pa

AI

l{

thenaxb= lsxl-t1

- 1x, l= l-tl [ 1*o-zx(-l)/ \2)

(2,r,1')

[-)

(.il

OI

(a) If c and b are as shown in the diagram and c = ax b, evaluate c.

(D) By considering a.c
an,d

b.c, what can

(3,-1,2)

be concluded about c?

4
(71

(4,1,0)

12

i-

1992

Marks

(a\
(b)

(c) @

Solve the equation 3sin 2x" = 2sin x" for 0-< r-< 360. The diagram below shows parts of the graphs of sine functions/and g. State expressions for f(x) and g(x).

find the coordinates of A and B. Hence state the values of x in the interval 0 -< r -<360 for which
3sin 2xo

IJse your answers to part (a) to

2
3

2sin ro.

(10)
3

k'A

-!

= E@)

-2
-J

:\A \t
d = tar.ao ^tanbo

Wo---fr60

\/t

8. A ship is sailing due north at a constant speed. When at position A, a lighthouse L is observed on a bearing of a". One hour later, when the ship is at
position B, the lighthouse is on a bearing of 6o. The shortest distance between the ship and the lighthouse during this hour was d miles.
Prove that AB

(a) (b)

Hence prove that AB

= bP*-$ stna"srnbo

(c)

bearing,*-a"

Calculate the shortest distance from the ship to the lighthouse when the ?n! b" are 060o and 135" respectively and ihe constant speed of the ship is 14 miles per hour.
(8)

l3

7
1992
I

Marks
9.
BALLOON
v

t(
10.

Anr ct"t mrli

(
GONDOLA
x

I -l

Rc
drd
Arpherical hot-air balloon has radius 3ll feet. Cables join the balloon to the gmdola which is cylindrical with dimeter 6 feet and height 4 feet. The op of the gondola is 16 feet below the bottom of the balloon.
C.oordinate axes are chosen as shown in the diagram. One of the cables is relrresented by PB and PBA is a

/,
q

16
IJ

(rl;
i

4
4------> 6 3
1

{ {
I
1

straight line.

I
!

(a)

Find the equation of the cable PB. (D) State the equation of the circle representing the balloon. (c) Prove that this cable is a tangent to the balloon and find the coordinates of the point P.

I q
J

(e)

{
I t I
{

,]

.l

&{
l

f$:

1+
i

7992

Marks
10.

An artist has been asked to design a window made from pieces of coloured glass with different shapes. To preserve a balance of colour, each shape must have the same area. Three of the shapes used are drawn below.

Relative to tr,y-axes, the shapes are positioned as shown below. The artist drew the curves accurately by using the equation(s) shown in each diagram.

(a) Find the area shaded underY=2x -rcz.

(b)

Use the area found in part (a) to find the value of p.

(c)

Prove that q satisfies the equation cosq * sinq = 0'081 and hence find the value of q to 2 significant figures.

IEND OF QUESTTON PAPER]