Passive voice PRESENT 1. Simple Present Tense S + IS/AM/ARE + V 3 Contohnya: 1. I am called by the teacher 2.

Mimy is bitten by a little dog 3. The house is sold by the owner. 2. Present Continuous Tense S + AM/IS/ARE + BEING + V 3 Contohnya: 1. I am being called by the teacher 2. Mimy is being bitten by a little dog 3. The house is being sold by the owner. 3. Present Perfect Tense S + HAVE/HAS + BEEN + V 3 Contohnya: 1. I have been called by the teacher 2. Mimy has been bitten by a little dog 3. The house has been sold by the owner. 4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense S + HAS/HAVE + BEEN + BEING + V 3 Contohnya: 1. I have been being called by the teacher 2. Mimy has been being bitten by a little dog 3. The house has been being sold by the owner.

PAST 1. Simple Past Tense S + WAS/WERE + V 3 Contohnya: 1. We were called by the teacher 2. Mimy was bitten by a little dog 3. The house was sold by the owner. 2. Past Continuous Tense S + WAS/WERE + BEING + V 3 Contohnya: 1. We were being called by the teacher 2. Mimy was being bitten by a little dog 3. The house was being sold by the owner. 3. Past Perfect Tense S + HAD + BEEN + V 3 Contohnya: 1. I had been called by the teacher 2. Mimy had been bitten by a little dog 3. The house had been sold by the owner. 4. Past Perfect Continuous Tense S + HAD + BEEN + BEING + V 3 Contohnya: 1. I had been being called by the teacher 2. Mimy had been being bitten by a little dog 3. The house had been being sold by the owner. FUTURE

1. Simple Future Tense S + WILL + BE + V 3 Contohnya: 1. I will be called by the teacher 2. Mimy will be bitten by a little dog 3. The house will be sold by the owner. 2. Future Continuous Tense S + WILL + BE + BEING + V 3 Contohnya: 1. I will be being called by the teacher 2. Mimy will be being bitten by a little dog 3. The house will be being sold by the owner. 3. Future Perfect Tense S + WILL + HAVE + BEEN + V 3 Contohnya: 1. I will have been called by the teacher 2. Mimy will have been bitten by a little dog 3. The house will have been sold by the owner. 4. Future Perfect Continuous Tense S + WILL + HAVE + BEEN +BEING + V 3 Contohnya: 1. I will have been being called by the teacher 2. Mimy will have been being bitten by a little dog 3. The house will have been being sold by the owner. Selamat belajar

Pola active dan passive voice pada tiap tensis

a. Jika active voice dalam simple present tense, maka be passive voice-nya adalah is, am atau are. Contoh: Active : He meets them everyday. Passive : They are met by him everyday. Active : She waters this plant every two days. Passive : This plant is watered by her every two days. b. Jika active voice dalam simple past tense, maka be passive voice-nya adalah was atau were Contoh: Active : He met them yesterday Passive : They were met by him yesterday Active : She watered this plant this morning Passive : This plant was watered by her this morning c. Jika active voice dalam present perfect tense, maka be passive voice-nya adalah been yang diletakkan setelah auxiliary has atau have, sehingga menjadi has been atau have been Contoh: Active : He has met them Passive : They have been met by him Active : She has watered this plant for 5 minutes. Passive : This plant has been watered by her for 5 minutes.

d. Jika active voice dalam past perfect tense, maka be passive voice-nya adalah been yang diletakkan setelah auxiliary had, sehingga menjadi had been Contoh: Active : He had met them before I came. Passive : They had been met by him before I came. Active : She had watered this plant for 5 minutes when I got here Passive : This plant had been watered by her for 5 minutes when I got here e. Jika active voice dalam simple future tense, maka be passive voice-nya adalah be Contoh: Active : He will meet them tomorrow. Passive : They will be met by him tomorrow. Active : She will water this plant this afternoon. Passive : This plant will be watered by her this afternoon. Active : The farmers are going to harvest the crops next week Passive : The crops are going to be harvested by the farmers next week. f. Jika active voice dalam future perfect tense, maka be passive voice-nya adalah been yang diletakkan setelah auxiliary will have, sehingga menjadi will have been Contoh: Active : He will have met them before I get there tomorrow. Passive : They will have been met by him before I get there tomorrow. Active : She will have watered this plant before I get here this afternoon. Passive : This plant will have been watered by her before I get here this afternoon.

g. Jika active voice dalam past future perfect tense, maka be passive voice-nya adalah been yang diletakkan setelah auxiliary would have, sehingga menjadi would have been. Contoh: Active : He would have met them. Passive : They would have been met by him. Active : She would have watered this plant. Passive : This plant would have been watered by her. h. Jika active voice dalam present continuous tense, maka be passive voice-nya adalah (is, am atauare) + being. Contoh: Active : He is meeting them now. Passive : They are being met by him now. Active : She is watering this plant now. Passive : This plant is being watered by her now.

i. Jika active voice dalam past continuous tense, maka be passive voice-nya adalah (was atau were) + being. Contoh: Active : He was meeting them. Passive : They were being met by him. Active : She was watering this plant. Passive : This plant was being watered by her. j. Jika active voice dalam perfect continuous tense, maka be passive voice-nya adalah (has/have) been + being. Contoh:

Active : He has been meeting them. Passive : They have been being met by him. Active : She has been watering this plant. Passive : This plant has been being watered by her. k. Jika active voice dalam past perfect continuous tense, maka be passive voice-nya adalah had been + being. Contoh: Active : He had been meeting them. Passive : They had been being met by him. Active : She had been watering this plant. Passive : This plant had been being watered by her. l. Jika active voice dalam future continuous tense, maka be passive voice-nya adalah will be + being. Contoh: Active : He will be meeting them. Passive : They will be being met by him. Active : She will be watering this plant. Passive : This plant will be being watered by her.

m. Jika active voice dalam past future continuous tense, maka be passive voice-nya adalah would be + being. Contoh: Active : He would be meeting them. Passive : They would be being met by him. Active : She would be watering this plant. Passive : This plant would be being watered by her. n. Jika active voice dalam future perfect continuous tense, maka be passive voice-nya adalah will have been + being. Contoh: Active : He will have been meeting them. Passive : They will have been being met by him. Active : She will have been watering this plant. Passive : This plant will have been being watered by her. o. Jika active voice dalam past future perfect continuous tense, maka be passive voice-nya adalahwould have been + being. Contoh: Active : He would be meeting them. Passive : They would be being met by him. Active : She would be watering this plant. Passive : This plant would be being watered by her. 1. Present Tense (Waktu Sekarang) a. Simple Present Tense (Waktu Sekarang Sederhana) Rumus : + } S + V1 + O/C - } S + Do/does + not + V1 + O/C ? } Do/does + S + V1 + O/C Example : + } Sisca Reads book everyday - } Sisca does not Read book everyday ? } does Sisca Read book everyday Yes He does / No He does not (doesnt) For I, We, You, They = do He, She, It = Does Contoh kalimat : (+) She is a new people here. (+) He plays football every morning (-) She isnt a new people here. (-) He does not playing football every morning. (?) Is she a new people here? (?) How playing football every morning? b. Present Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sekarang) Menerangkan suatu perbuatan yabg sedang berlangsungpada waktu sekarang.

Rumus : + } S + Be + V1 + ing + O/C >> - } S + Be + not + V1 + ing + O/C >> ? } Be + S + V1 + ing + O/C >> Yes They are / no they are not For I = am They, we, you = are He, She, It = Is Contoh dalam kalimat : (+) He is playing badminton now (-) He isnt playing badminton now. (?) Is he playing badminton now.

+ } They are playing badmintoon now } They are not playing badmintoon now ? } Are they palaying badmintoon now ?

c. Present Perfect Tense (Waktu Sempurna Sekarang) Rumus : subject+auxiliary verb+main verb Contoh : (+) you have eaten mine. (-) she has not been to Rome (?) have you finished? d. Present Perfect Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Sekarang) Rumus : (+): S + have/has + been + Ving (-): S + have/has + not + been + Ving (?): Have/has + S + been + Ving Contoh : (+) She has been going to Malang since evening. (+) We have been riding a horse for three days (-) She hasnt been going to Malang since evening. (-) We havent been riding a horse for three days. (?) Has she been going to Malang ? (?) Have He been riding a horse for three days ? 2. Past Tense (Waktu Lampau) a. Simple Past Tense (Waktu Lampau Sederhana) Rumus : +} S+Be+Was/Were+O/C -} S+Be+Was/Were+not+O/C ?} Be+Was/Were+ S+O/C Example : +} We were at school yesterday -} We were not at school yesterday ?} were we at school yesterday ? For I, He, She, It = Was

They, we, you = were Contoh : (+) I saw a good film last night (+) He came here last month (-) I saw not a good film last night (-) He came not last month (?) Saw I a good film last night (?) Came He here last month b. Past Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Lampau) Rumus : (+): S + was/were + Ving (-): S + was/were + NOT + Ving (?): Was/Were + S + Ving Contoh : (+) He was watching television all afternoon last week (+) They were talking about sport when I met him (-) He wasnt watching television all afternoon last week (-) They werent talking about sport when I met him (?) Was He watching television all afternoon last week (?) Were they talking about sport when I met him c. Past Perfect Tense (Waktu Sempurna Lampau) Rumus : subject+auxiliary verb HAVE+main verb (+): S + had + V3 (-): S + had + not + V3 (?): Had + S + V3 Contoh : (+) When my brother arrived , I had painted my motor cycle (+) The ship had left before I arrived (-) When my brother arrived , I hadnt painted my motor cycle (-) The ship hadnt left before I arrived (?) Had I my motor cycle , when my brother arrived ? (?) Had the ship left before I arrived? d. Past Perfect Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Lampau) Rumus : subject+auxiliary verb HAVE+auxiliary verb BE+main verb Contoh : (+) They had been living there for two month (+) When they washed my drees , your father had been playing badminton (-) They hadnt been living there for two month (-) When they washed my dress , your father hadnt been playing badminton (?) Had they been living there for two month? (?) When they washed my dress , had your father been playing badminton ?

3. Future Tense (Akan Datang) a. Simple Future Tense (Waktu Akan Datang Sederhana) Rumus : subject+auxiliary verb WILL+main verb Contoh : (+) I will visit to yogyakarta tomorrow. (+) he will met girl friend by seven oclock (?) Will he go to America next month? (+) President shall at Nederland the day after tomorrow. (-) President shall not at Nederland the day after tomorrow. (?) Shall President at Nederland the day after tomorrow? b. Future Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Akan Datang) Rumus : subject+auxiliary verb WILL+auxiliary verb BE+main verb Contoh : (+) I will be writing a comic. (+) I will be studying tomorrow night. (-) I will not writing a comic. (-) I will not be studying tomorrow night. (?) Will I be writing a comic ? (?) Will I be studying tomorrow night ? c. Future Perfect Tense (Waktu Sempurna Akan Datang) Rumus : subject+auxiliary verb WILL+auxiliary verb HAVE+main verb Contoh : (+) Iwill havefinishedby 10am. (+) Youwill haveforgottenme by then. (-) Shewillnothavegoneto school. (-) Wewillnothaveleft. (?) Willyou havearrived? (?) Willthey havereceivedit? d. Future Perfect Continuous Tense (Waktu Berlangsung Sempurna Akan Datang) Rumus : subject+auxiliary verb WILL+auxiliary verb HAVE+auxiliary verb BE+main verb Contoh : (+) I will have been reading a news paper. (+) He will have been listening music. (-) I will havent been reading a news paper. (-) He will havent listening a music. (?) Will I have been riding a news paper ? (?) Will He have listening a music ?

4. Past Future Tense (Akan Datang Di Waktu Lampau) a. Past Future Tense (Waktu Akan Datang Di Waktu Lampau) Rumus : Positif: S + would + V1 Negatif: S + would + not + V1 Tanya: Would + S + V1 Contoh : (+) He would come if you invited him. (+) They would buy a home the previous day. (-) He wouldnt come if invited him. (-) They wouldnt buy a home the previous day. (?) Would He come if invited him ? (?) Would they buy a home the previous day ? b. Past Future Continuous Tense (Waktu Akan Sedang Terjadi Diwaktu Lampau) Rumus : Positif: S + would + be + Ving Negatif: S + would + not + be + Ving Tanya: Would + S + be + Ving Contoh : (+) I should be swimming at this time the following day. (+) I shall be sliping at 10 oclock tomorrow. (-) I shouldnt be swimming at this time the following day. (-) I shallnt be sleeping at 10 oclock tomorrow. (?) Shall I be swimming at this time the following day ? (?) Shall I be sleeping at10 oclock tomorrow ? c. Past Future Perfect Tense (Waktu Akan Sudah Selesai Di Waktu Lampau) Rumus : Positif: S + would + have + V3 Negatif: S + would + not + have + V3 Tanya: Would + S + have + V3 Contoh : (+) He would have graduated if he had studies hard. (+) Nonok will have studied moth by the end of this week. (-) He wouldnt have gone if he had met his darling (-) Nonok will have not studied month by the end of this week (?) Would He have gone if he had met his darling ? (?) Will Nonok have studied month by the end of this week ? d. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense (Waktu Yang Sudah Sedang Berlangsung Pada Waktu Lampau) Rumus : Positif: S + would + have + been + Ving Negatif: S + would + not + have + been + Ving Tanya: Would + S + have + been + Ving

Contoh : Rianawati would have been speaking English for two years (+) Mrs. Anisa Munif would have been walking here for seventeen years (+) Rianawati would have been speaking English for two years (-) Mrs. Anisa Munif wouldnt have been walking here for seventeen year (-) Rianawati wouldnt have been speaking English for two years (?) Would Mrs. Anisa Munif have been walking here for seventeen years? (?) Would Rianawati have been speaking English for two years?

Passive Voice
Exercises on Passive

Use of Passive
Passive voice is used when the focus is on the action. It is not important or not known, however, who or what is performing the action.

Example: My bike was stolen.

In the example above, the focus is on the fact that my bike was stolen. I do not know, however, who did it. Sometimes a statement in passive is more polite than active voice, as the following example shows:

Example: A mistake was made.

In this case, I focus on the fact that a mistake was made, but I do not blame anyone (e.g. You have made a mistake.).

Form of Passive
Subject + finite form of to be + Past Participle (3rd column of irregular verbs)

Example: A letter was written.

When rewriting active sentences in passive voice, note the following: the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence the finite form of the verb is changed (to be + past participle) the subject of the active sentence becomes the object of the passive sentence (or is dropped)

Examples of Passive
Tense Subject Verb Object

Simple Present

Active: Passive:

Rita A letter Rita A letter Rita A letter Rita A letter Rita A letter

writes

a letter.

is written wrote was written has written has been written will write will be written can write can be written

by Rita. a letter. by Rita. a letter. by Rita. a letter. by Rita. a letter. by Rita.

Simple Past

Active: Passive:

Present Perfect

Active: Passive:

Future I

Active: Passive:

Hilfsverben

Active: Passive:

Examples of Passive
Tense Subject Verb Object
a letter.

Present Progressive

Active: Passive:

Rita A letter Rita A letter Rita A letter Rita A letter

is writing

is being written was writing was being written had written had been written will have written will have been written

by Rita. a letter. by Rita. a letter. by Rita. a letter. by Rita.

Past Progressive

Active: Passive:

Past Perfect

Active: Passive:

Future II

Active: Passive:

Conditional I

Active: Passive:

Rita A letter Rita A letter

would write would be written would have written would have been written

a letter. by Rita. a letter. by Rita.

Conditional II

Active: Passive:

Passive Sentences with Two Objects

Rewriting an active sentence with two objects in passive voice means that one of the two objects becomes the subject, the other one remains an object. Which object to transform into a subject depends on what you want to put the focus on.

Subject

Verb

Object 1

Object 2
to me.

Active: Passive: Passive:

Rita A letter I

wrote

a letter

was written was written

to me a letter

by Rita. by Rita.

.
As you can see in the examples, adding by Rita does not sound very elegant. Thats why it is usually dropped.

Personal and Impersonal Passive

Personal Passive simply means that the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence. So every verb that needs an object (transitive verb) can form a personal passive.

Example: They build houses. Houses are built.

Verbs without an object (intransitive verb) normally cannot form a personal passive sentence (as there is no object that can become the subject of the passive sentence). If you want to use an intransitive verb in passive voice, you need an impersonal construction therefore this passive is calledImpersonal Passive.

Example: he says it is said

Impersonal Passive is not as common in English as in some other languages (e.g. German, Latin). In English, Impersonal Passive is only possible with verbs of perception (e. g. say, think, know).

Example: They say that women live longer than men. It is said that women live longer than men.
Although Impersonal Passive is possible here, Personal Passive is more common.

Example: They say that women live longer than men. Women are said to live longer than men.
The subject of the subordinate clause (women) goes to the beginning of the sentence; the verb of perception is put into passive voice. The rest of the sentence is added using an infinitive construction with 'to' (certain auxiliary verbs and that are dropped). Sometimes the term Personal Passive is used in English lessons if the indirect object of an active sentence is to become the subject of the passive sentence.