1695

ICL>,'Cl<,, l,,.
A N I ~ R ~L.~ ;SIMON, F.R.fIist.:i.

V I I:oI.'~oN, of W:~r\vicIc, r n c r ~ l l i l ~ S~~t ,I ~ ~ C I W I I C : I .
;intl b:inl;ar, sct.l.lct1 in kl:rdcira wiicii Mrilliarn III war;
1Ci11g of :ISuglantL :iiitl i.ra.tlc1;l horn bladcir:~ with
I<ngl:i~id; n ~ t lIrclnild, 1 ) i ~more i parl.icul:irly wit11 tlio
Wast Iridic!; arid tlia Nuit11 ~\rt~eric;rn Coloilics, Ll1rougI1-
ortt tlu! rei[:i~ of Qliccil i\nnc.
llistorians l;oll us of t~;ilt.lc:;Lti:iL wcrc fo11&;1tE:rnd
of laws t11a.l. \!((;re inatlr ; llicy also toll 11s h o w llic
r-icli lr~rcil : L I I ~ILOIV LIIC 1)oor si~FLcrciI, l ~ ~ iItI, C I ~ V C V ~ ! ~
Ls~i,slWiirll~y i:lrcy inay l ~ o ,iuid wlialcvcr tllcir liLcr:~r,y
sitill, Llicy (10 not: I~riiiglior~icLo 11s I.lic s:mc s c t ~ s c
of re:riity :).S lir:;l.-1i:liitl ovic1oiri:c s~iclias t l ~ cI31)ltori
I,oLt.er!;, 1ollor.i; w l ~ i c ncvar
l~ w o i o mcatil for. [~r~irlic:rtiorl
wirorl tllcy wcrr: writlcn iriorc iiian two iiui~drcclyt!:rrs
ago.
'I'lic cnrrc:;pc,iitlor~cc l~c{:iiis i :1(1cjs, a s Williatn
'l<olti~rl is ratr~sniii~; t o kl:lcloira, :tfl.cr ;I, visit i:o E.o~ltlori
i\,l~,crc:IIC II:IC~ agsi:ciS l;o ~ J I~\l~icll;:ir:~,
for PIS, I < o l > ~ ! ~ . l
L l c y s i i : ~ ~:ritd
~ ~ , tLiirisi[; twci11.y coiisccr~livo ycrrss Llii..;
corre:;~ior~tlcllcc i!; c;irrictl on l~cl.wacn\Villi;irll 1ioblo11
or his f ~ r m frotil
, Nadeira, and 1tobcr.t J:lcyshnm anrl
his t)rother or partners, in 1,ondon."
'rk~e Boltoil i.ctters :ire priiiiarily business iclt:e~.s,
b u t their political, r t r ~ i r i t i i n cancl p1irely human inlcrcst
is vcry great.
ILIEYSIIAN, Roa,!n~.-A wc;Jiiiy 1.oilrioo lieicll:inl, il:~nkcr,
Shipoir,ncr ;%rid I l r i ~ l ~ ~ Lo? rwliool i ~ i o s tof Llie " l i ~ ~ l l oi..e!.i.cli;
n "
weic :iddrosieil.
111 1 7 0 3 Raircrt t i c ) r t l : ~ n i I,augl>i froirr Sir. Rolicr!, :\ii!;lon ill(:
&[;,nor ;incl P a ~ kof S1;i::criIirrc. l t o l ~ ~ wl~lcy:;l>:~r!~
t :~ncI l ~ i s11coiI~:r
VVilIiatn c,?vn<!ci l ; ~ $ i~n ktilt: \V<?!:t TlKlit::;, p;~rli<:i~lc~rly i81 l J ~ ~ r l ~ ~ ~ ~ l ~ ~ s ; ,
s~nr.i t l ~ ~vorc:
y ;ilso cngitg<,d i,, 1 1 :\iric:tz% ~ ifikdt-, :is ;appc;~rs icorn
tlic follon.in;: cnlrics in tllr: /08ir,rnl o j Ilia Cu,ii,iiissioiio~s i>J 2 ' t a d ~
e n d I'!a,iliitiu,!i nt tile L<ucilid Ollicc :
1 7 0 6 . N o s , 1 2 . I?o!,twi Ije:y.slttt~,&tz,?cl /,is l,~<,tl8t,rc~,,lt!t8~~2tic~~tc:,t
10 tba i;n,nt,iisiiori, of r i n d ! ! n,:il l'liii~tiitinris ,Go<: /ir.tilio,!r Jrolii lhn
tni:ril~ri,rls OJ i?n~hiido,sto ihz Hugrsa of l.ords, coz,~ploiiii,i$:of <hi:
l!a?d.slrips tl:riy ly$ u,idsr ! k s ~ i ~ .
1 7 0 7 . i l p r i t 1 7 . li'ubsrl fl.zyr/in,~irirld o!hw 1.inviindor j;r!~,tIe,~iu,r
co,,fif,init>cd irj COIOIICI C!L:!IINI~IC p~oceidi)8:;.? i)i lhtil I ~ l ( o i d ,d b s i ~ i ) $ g
t i i d be pibl olti O/ tlii: C O ? P I ! C ~ ~ .
17'1. J i o r c 2 4 Air. F~+;.y.~/sn,tt, :l/?. PInw~,s tl~vl ,VIP. fiIil~t~w
prcia,rl~dto tlieiu i . o r d s k i p s r i Ala,,>orilit i:onliii,,i,?:i n n i!stitirtirr, '<,I
u~liotliiep lholrgl~lirci;as,soly to irr ,si.,~tel j>icsi.,,t 10 .,l/rica.
1 7 ~ 2 Pat?.S?. Sir !tof,<:?l l.Ju,,c~~~s, h l v . IJTO,I!IP,V, ,otd ,l/$.s.~i<??<?.~
!iibyslia#,,, l l l v . I l o r r i s .siee?ol other srpiiriitr: l~iidcrs,f,ri.it:,ittd
to tlioir i . ~ ~ ~ ~ l s l ~ i!el!,m, , t ~ s < n x&tzstut,r 10 lluti roril 1/8<:m t l ~ c7112 iu.sl,
6 0 ? s ~ ~ b i ? tt?!
t i ? 1<i6co,<ui
~ of !/&c .slor:!: o{t/~e .s,:/xt~dt:t~o~lt:r.s, [~~obos,tl,s
/or tliririobiwg 16c lporli to .?fr?i.u i r i a rr'i.lcielcii Cwi'/in,iy.
1 ~ k l n r c h1 2 . i l S , l I I . .
s . u ~ d
seuerrii of t h e se/iiirn!r 1rnill:~s 10 ,,l/ricn oiii,iiiiiiii~l1hi;iv ioritshi[~s
!lroi t h r r a rutrs ra i.c/,orf oa tltr C.rciiri,ini ns i,f tlli:), liird i i i r u e i,ili, a,,
6,~cl!l~i"a joit!! s I c J ~ I,it~l$it:l~
~, tt~cts,IC!!~,Y 111t)iri>tte!~,t~of,.
1713. /rri). 20. O v d e ~ i ! dfh#l d,fr. iin/,crl Ilr~yihniii(It: ocij~<iiit/rd
wi1,h 1180 bo'wd's iutcn!i;ut. o,/ ~ : , , ~ ~ . s i d u i ~Y'lgur,sd~~~~
~~; ,uo~,~in;;u#:.~l
!It0 l l ~ , ! ~ ~ ~f~rwmk~ltll ~ oG'o~tldc~i<t),d Asse!t8t!,ly 01 51, ~ ~ ~ 1 ~ v i s t ~ ~ ~ ~ I ~ t : ~ ' s
/IVs.~i:llbrl lo i.Itr ~lIii,cs!.v l,! ,>IF, i),,f,orl, v(,iiiliril: 10 tihr scillr~,narri
tor lila lnla 1:taircb port o j SI. Clivisio[~liii.
on S:ll>~lzwyl.,Lit, 1 7 2 < > , Kc?t><!rtIl<:y!;l,;,,,, ,v;,: <!IC!C~C!<~!\I~~CSC,,~,,,
o f P~iIlir1gs8:it.c!\'t~r<l, : L C on I ~ Nov~:n~kk:~ r,)il>,7 7 2 1 , 1~ I,,~L:;clto!;cc$
~'re~i~lc!s~i; Ctirist':; 1 - ~ o s ~ ~ i l : ~ l .
(Dliucr's " iiislory i,J i1,~iigirn." riiito gives llie " lli.sloric,il I'Srgis-
lrilr" (is his iir~lhoril,~].
Robcrt Rcystrain <!ied i n 1,nniioii i n r y r z . IIc lcft one son.
Williatn llollon sllippcd wine iroirl fii:~cleir:~.to t l ~ o
\Vest Indics, to Ncw York arlil 13ostoik, l:o inglatitl
:mtL :irclantl, ~inllila si~pplicdwith ~viilcships c;llling
nt Rlaclcira or1 i:llcir way to Soutli At~tcrica,SI:. I-Ielen:~,
M:-rd;ignscar, Irrdizr, Java a i ~ i l olllcr pl;tccs. Wine
w:is lllc :;taplc csporl: coinrnodity l3olioii dc;~ll:in, Irt11:
lie iinportctl a vcry 1 i ~ i . gv;iric:Ly ~ o f iootl-:;LiiISs, raw
i i ~ : t e r i ll ~ i ~ i t i ~ . ~ L :. .t is :t I! s f C I ~ ~ S L I I I I P ~ . ~ ~ ~ ~
i i ~lVi.:i(leir:i (.IS to 111; s11ipp~:~l frori-i 1.Ii:it is1;iiiiI LCI ~iiost
~ i u t sof 1:Iic worltl. Ci!ic[ atriorr!: illcso imposts was
wheat f r o ~ ni:ornwiill aiid :l)cvoi~sliirci~iil.ilLIE sport
of wliccil froin tlic LVcst ol S5nj:l:inti was kiilctl 11y the
c~oinp(:Lit,ini~ of cllc;i~~or {:r':~iii for111 i'onilsylvania ;iud
ol.licr 11ai-ts of Nortli Aincric:r, h.le:rt, l ~ u i t c r arid
cltcesc were cl~icllyilii'~orlcil from 1rcla.rltl; fisli from
Ncwfoiiritllantl; wIi;ilc-oil :itttl lirnbcr froin i3osto11
and New Yirrl;; rice and ili:lizc from Carotiila and
i i i ; sitgas froii~the LVcst l i ~ d i c ;s woollciis, silk
and cotton fabrics, fii~.iiit!lrc, [)cIYI:c~ [~ari:;:isid p1;dc
;itid all liiilds of ruarusl;iclurccl ;irl.iclcs froill I..oridoil.
le;iclt:i; rniicli iniorinaliocl of t h c iii:iiiost. valt~efor
tlic comrrlcrci;il history of tllo pci-itrd, t l ~ c l$ol%on
I.cttc~s cot1tll;lin :i ciriisidcr;iblo iiui1111oro[ ckila, ri:iiucs
of ships ant1 of rncn, \xirsl~ips u11r1 r~icrciiantrl~on,
naval comn~:riidcrs a i d i i ~ c r l i i ;s~!svicc capkiins,
togelllcr wii:ll rlctails of wllcrc tllcy carlie trorri ant1
wr:rc bountl 1:o : the lcng111 of i:inic tal.rcti from port
t o port and for k)iitlin&; niid ~nrlocitlirig, ~ i n d r~liicti
inforninliun \viiicl~slloi~ltl~)rt)vcl~iglilyitrtcrcsl:ing 1.0
llie stiidcni: o l i.1ic i~istoiyof ill(! liritisli N a v y .
Last arid l ~ yrlo incans ir::lsi: i:; tlic Iriiruar~iirtcrai.,i
of the l ~ o l l o i1.ctlcrs
~ ; tllc furtitu~loof this I!;rrglisii-
ninn in a foreigli laiitl wlicn lie 11:~st o facc pcrsccnlion
TlIIS L~OI,'i'(~)NL,I!~i"i'E~I<S 'I
or l~~:rc:ivonicntsis :~~:li~~ir:iI)li! ; hi:; ir~cIig~i:iLiijiisvIl(!11
tic iliinki; ilinl lic 11;~sl ~ e c u~ ~ u e s i : l ~ t i~ng ini:ijlitli:ctl
c~l
by his lriclitl iicysIi;i.i~l; I.lio c;ii.c lic 11:~s(11 liis y ~ i i i i g
(;l~ilclr~:ii IcfI: :iL (;Iiclsi!:i, o f Iiis :i[;(:cI kiL1ic:r al. I3ir1nisig-
h a m , of iris wi[a wlioiil lic :;oncl:; k~;icliio 'lil:~gl:iriclwllcn
wa.r appears ilnrnincnl.--;ill iricsc ;ilitl liiarly sii(:li l~~iiri:iri
t,oiicl~cs iilaI<e tlic lioliorl S..alt.ci':; riiost iiiI.c1-t!st.i~1g
roacling.
'Tlrils, iri Novcrill~cs,:r?iltr, aLl.c!r llis hl:ijcsiy's sliip
13uole has calletl a t Madcira, \\'illi:iiii IJc~ili~n sc:nds t o
11oysli;rrn Porir hills \vliicll tic lias Eiccu givrrl for rviiic:
sispplictl t;o tliia r~~;iri-ol-war; two 01 tlic l~ills,: L I I I ~ I ~ ~ I : I ' -
ing t o /;g:< 3s. .\d., wcsc tir-;t\sn b y ltic!i:irtl \Vc!l111!;,
Ilia " I'iirser," onc upoil l:lrc " Corrliliissiorlel'sr~~ri~issio~~c lor
Victilallii~g ant1 tlic oL11r:r ripos~~ t l r '~Irotlt:i.s
" . I..;tyl:ori ;
;L iliiril, for i.r.r, is [rotn L,iculeri:rnl Nolson or1 .\It!. C u l t ~ y
,, :it: I:lio Victii;iiling Oilicc," alicl tlio ft~i~i-til, for orily
I is tlracvr~ 11y lict~jaiilin l:co(i)n o n " l i i s
niol:hcr," :Slio " I'iirscr " w;is i-cs~ioiisiljlc [or. tllo
11ayir1m" of ttrc wirics I ~ o i l g l ~for l I.Ili! crew, ell tlic
sa.ilor:; Iirivirlg in Ilulsc d a y s a tl;iily :illow;iri<:c of wilic,
t h e siiresl: prcvcsitivc ;lg;iin>;t si:irrvy ; riI'1ic:crs l ~ o t ~ g l i i
1)~:t.Lcl:(:lci.ss sviric:; for 1:Iioir i1n81iI~Ic:!;~, ;irkcl j11riiors w!io
l no " :LIIO\Y;LIIC~ " al: I:lic " Vict.iinlIiirg 0lfii:c "
\vese rctlucotl 1.0 clr:iw ri1:1("1 1Iit:ir iilr~llics,(11. sister, or
lriar being " lryar.," an answer, a.i~sw;rre,"etc., :incl
"
I have prcservecl i t throllgllout. :In fact, tllc oiily

libci-ty 1 IL:LVC talien wit11 the tcst lias l~ecilto dclcl:~
repetitio~is: i ~ ~tod :.idcl puncl:iiation.
Thr: Ilollon 1,ettcrs were purcliased in .rt)'~(, by
hlr. Wern:lrd ilalliday, Uooltscllcr, I , King iicllartl's
I?oad, T.eiccstcr, who was good enoiigll t o send t l ~ c m
t o me, lioping that tlicy iniglit intcsc!st ine. Nccdlcss
to s:iy I kepi: t.llcm, and I: wish t.o record liere gt;ltiLiitlc
to Xr.. I-1;illiday for Il:iving given rnc I:ilc cllarlcc to
bily tkicm.
'4. I.. 5.
NOTES ON PC)I<?'UGAL, MADEIRA AWL) THE
WINES C)!; fiI!\I:~EI1.<A
Porc~ricnr., Ill(! I.iisitania of the Romm~s,was part of
the 1lisp:~uiaoi tllc Visigoths from '~(jolil~tiiltlre advent
of tlic 3~Ioos:;i l l 7 r ~ aird, iuntiil tlic King!; of Cas1:ilc
~ n a ~ i a g et:od froc ilic norilicrn part oI tlic cou~rtry
from tile Moslcins. In rcri;,j, Alplio~~su:;V 1 gave ;is u
dowry to hi:; daiigl~tcr,1111011 lrcr marriage witli i-lenri
dc Bourgognc, all l r ~ ~ i dlying s 11et~ee1it.11~ rivers
Minim ant1 Rlondcgo; l 1 declared t o he t h e
Cou11~1.y ol I'ortklg:rl. I-Iis gralldson clcfenlcd .the
Moors on scvcrnl occasiiins, loolt '.isl)on from thein
in T : L , :'I"cl~ l~ccarncvirlua.lly Llic lirst l(i11g of Portug:~l.
Tlie iicsl two Il~lnclsc!tLant[ (ifty years saw, :iftci.
rnucll figliting, i l ~ cMoors dclinitivcly clcarctl oiil: of
tlic c o ~ ~ n t l .ant1y coln(~lcleirit!cl~crr~lcnccfrom Spain
acl~ic~vccl.
'l'hcr~, in less 1ii;ln l.wo Il~undredyear!;, I'nrttigal's
star Il:~s1~cd~CSOS:; I I ~ c~ v ~ ~ r l c11ist.ory
l's in a 11l:ixo of
glory, only to dis:~.ppearlike a 1:ilinding meteor plr~rrging
Iicaclloilg oul of :;ifid.
I ) ~ I S ~ I tllc
I [ ; TiIl:centI~cc~itiiry,i.llc I'orliig~~csctoolc
Coritn, iliscovcrc(1. :ll~tlscl.ilctl. in R[:rdcisa, tlic Azo~cs,
llic coast of :l'l:irl);n.y, G~linea,Angola, tllc C:aj)c of
C;ood il'opc, Mozrrrrtbique and .[:he iZast indies, and it
I% 'l L l . , 1,krL"l'ERS
was le[t t o tiic King of I'ortiigal t u wclcornc i111cl
;~i;sist Clirislopller Ci)lurl~bli:;, wlio llatl apl~oalctl in
vaiii to oilicr ii~oi~arcils.
I.)liri~ig i:llc grc;it:er lxirl of tlrc sistcciitli cciiturg,
tlie wcaltlt, E.lie mariliinc power arid .Lhc: ~)rcsl.igcol
Portug:il wcri: iincli:rilengccl, a i d , i n .rg~l.r, wharl
I-lt:rlry V[[[, ol i<irgl:ii~cl,aticinptctl to 11;irgain wit11
tlli: King of F'ortugai, for a part io I:III~ of tho I'orliigiiesc
cspctlitioils to l ~ i d i ; ~Ili:;, CJVC~~III.CS WCLC rcjc~(.cclill
tlic most peremptory fasllion.
Arid yet, orily soinc forty yczirs kiter, in 1580, illcrc
w:is no iongcr ally Iiirig of I'ortugal, no longer any
I<iiigdoin of E1orl.ugal, ~ i o longor any L'ortugucse
possas:;iolis hoyond ille sc;is. J'l~ilipI]:, of Spain, Iiatl
dcfcatcd tlic I'ortiig~icso :ind arul~:xccl tllcir country
l11 Spitin :is in Ltic days oi tlic 'Visit;ollis.
'I'lic hoilclngc of I'ostu{;al 1:rstcci iiirtil 1:0~}o, when 1.bc
I:<sagit~iz.i1)j~tiiisty caillc to Lhe I'ortiigilcse tiu'oilc
11i:wly crcctc!d with tlie nssistanicc of Fralicc. I3ul:
d u d ~ ~lice g s i s t y ycars of ~i~isriile ill ll'ortugal, Spain
iia(l :illo\vod 1irigl;~iidand l-lolland to c;ipi:iire bolli tile
tr:iclc ;iricl the finest posscssioiis of tiia Portugr~csi.: illo
L511glish East Iritlia Company wtrs an ;~.~:cooiplisl~c~l fact.
Spicis frori? tlic lIa:;l:, loriiiorly illc staplc I1orliigiic!sc
c s l ~ o r lur;c!ci
, to pay for I.llc i~nglisl;.cloLIi ;rli&woollens,
bill now sorl~c ol.ltcr ~:oir~iiiotIiLy rlirr!;L l)c givr:ll i i ~
csch:inge for tlio :;;rinc clotll ;rilil woollc~ls,h\,liicll worc:
skill as inlicll ill rcqucst es bciore.
I'ort~lgal lllct~ dcvclopccl tile rcsourcei; ol :Brazil,
wliicll was s1:ill licrs, aircl ol'Ii!retl 'l<iigli:;l~I I I V ~ < : I I Z ~ I I L ~ ;
rnostly :;iigtir, I x ~ t:rlso liar~liv(~oiils ri.11cl psecioii.; ~ n c t a l s
if tliey c:rii~c to fi:tcl~Lhuin i i ~. C i r l ~ . ~ ;f~ri~igiiig
~l, i r ~
excliangi. cloth, cori~anil fish. Atld as :[.'orillgal':;
ilrrvy, orlca supI.cnlc, 1m3 bee11 psactically wipcrl o ~ ~ t ,
I'ortug:rl 11nd to cliartcr :IZ~l~:lisll:il~il)pia~gto go 10
Brazil.
IJniortinlatcly lor Port~~girl, Frii~cc: R ~ ~ p c rre<:licii~-
t,
ing on lllc U'ort~~giicscsynlpatliy willi 11ic linpalists,
cntlc:rvourad, in 16ql)-r(,:io, to ~na.lio1,isboii his 11;ise
lor his naval ol)cratioi~s. Tlrc aliair ailelcti i r ~;I \rzilr
l)etwoeii Engl;:~l~d alld I'ol.tu[:;il, liic issuc of wliir:h
was n I'orcgonc conclusion. I t was ilie occ:isi~rilui llic
treaty of rh$'f., when I<iiglaricl, Lalting Iull ac1v;inlago
of Poriligal's plight, esactcd tcr~liswliicl~g:ivi! Eiiglisl~
1~1erch;rnts rcsiilu~iit1 i!ortugal a.11i1 i\l:id~ir:re x ~ ~ l ~ l i i ~ i l a l
privileges.
At allout 1:h;~ttime, Wcsl: :Inclics or " I!lailiaiic~ils "
siig:iss 11cga11 to he i:x~>ortc:iLill firl~i[ll,y i~~cr[.!:tsi~~g
r ~ t i i s so , that impirr1.s o I i su!;ars i n t c ~
1211gI:rnd, via :PorI:iig~l,fell irl'i :tntL i:'orlr~g;ilSor~ntli t
necessary l o ptry in I,illlioi~ los illore niltl iuore o l tlre
LCnglisl~ goods slla i~ecilot:l. Sucli a 1)roccss was
conl:rary t o all tllc aci~~rc~ir~ic 1llc:orics oi lllc t.irna, aritl
:Purlug;rl c~~dc:rvoiiredto i:st:il)lisl~ wi~ollrn~1ii:niii-
facturcs ill I'o1:tug;rl. CIISISLI~M:lyliard wrolc wit11
tlisin:ry t11;~t 1 i i s 1 tvcavcrs liacl i~celi biiiiigllt 10
I4 THE BOLTON LETTERS
Portugal t o teach the making of Colcliester bays ail(1
other light draperies. hloreover, a I'ragmatic was
issued, in 1677, prohibiting the wearing of foreign
cloth, belts, hats, etc., and successive Portuguese
Governments refused to revoke this prohibition whicl~
was, according t o the English traders in Portugal,
contrary t o the letter of the treaty of 1654. They
continued t o import bayes, perpetuanocs, callimancocs
and other light woollens which were not named in the
Act, but it was feared that these, too, would soon bc
included.
Moreover, the English merchants in Portugal Bncw
perfectly well that the prosperity of thcir trade was
entirely dependent upon finding sonle commodity in
Portugal for which a demand inight be creatcd
in England, such as spices froin India had bccn
once upon a time and sugar Iroin Brazil itt a later
date.
The ever recurring hostilities between Francc and
England during the grcater part of the reign of
Williarn 111made the import of French wine in England
very precarious, and caused a far grcatcr dcmlnld lor
the wines of Portugal. The English traders in Portug;~l
realised that their chance lay in nlalting permanent
what was but a tempora~ywindfall. 'rl~ey sccurcd
their ends by the Methuen Treaty of 1703,which wits
designed to keep out of England Frcnch beverage
wines for all time, thus giving a chance t o the wines
T H E BOLTON LETTERS I5
of Portugal to be largely and regularly exported to
England, in exchange for the fish, lcad and woollens
imported by Portugal from England, more particularly
woollens, which were again freely admitted into the
country.
Whatever legislation was enacted in Portugal always
applied t o Madeira, which was not treated by the
metropolis as a Crown Colony but as a province of
Portugal.
The Portuguese introduced viticulture into the
island of Madeira in the early part of the fifteenth
century, and Alvise da Mosto, a Venetian traveller
who visited the island in 1455, wrote that the vines
of Madeira were the h e s t sight in the world, " In P i l l
6eZla cosa del ntzcltdo da uedere." /
During the following two hundred years the growing
of sugar-canes was the principal occupation of the
people of Madeira ; grapes were not grown to any
considerable extent, and most if' not all the wine
made was consumed by the islanders.
The sugar-canes were uprooted and replacecl by
vineyards, and the export of wine became thc chief
source of revenue of Madeira during thc latter part
of the seventeenth century, owing to an Ordinance
of 15 Car. 11, cap 7 (1663), by wllich it was enacted
that :
" Wines of the growth of Maderas, The Western
Islands or Azores, may be carried from thence to
any of the Lands, Islands, Plantations,* Colonic!;,
Territories or places to his Majesty belonging, ill
Asia, Africa or America, in Englisll built ships."
At the time no wine nor any otller commodity was
allowed to be sl~ippedfrom France, Spain, Portug;tl,
Italy or Germany to the British West Indics ;rn(l
British Settlements of Nortli America, two impor1:unt
markets the supply of whicl~, as regartls wino,
became from 1663 thc monopoly oI Maclcira mltl 1111;
Azores.
The bulk of the wine shipped from Maclcira to llu:
West Indies, North America, India and nll parts of
the world, was ordinary beverage XerZ Wil~ewllicll wit3
vintaged in September, racked clear in Jann:lry :nn(l
shipped for immediate consumption from illc @aster
immediately following the vintage and for twelvc to
eighteen months at the most. Tllc majority of Ll~is
* "The English Plalltations in gcncral arc 1110 Islos of Jnln:lil:n
and Barbadaes, Virginia, hlnrylnltd, New I!nglnnrl, Now Yut.lc,
Carolina, Bermudas and thc Lccward Islandu, alc. und tlla sulllc-
ment of Georgia."
None but English bnilt and English ownod ships t o t r u l o Lo mu1
from English Plantations: none of thc cornrnoditics of lhu firorvllk
of the Plantations t o be oxportcd t o any ports cxccpt homo RWI
colonial ports.
" B y 15 Car. I I . , cap. 7 (166.5)no commodity tllc gmwl.l~or
manufacture of Europe, shall bo inlporlcd in10 any of lhc plitnlit-
tions, ilnlcss shipped in England, otc, and in English I,aill s l i i p p i ~ ~ ( \ ,
legally manned, and carried dircctly thilher on pain ol lorlcilr~ra.'
"But such ships may ladc in any part of Enrope, anlt lor !I111
fishcries of New England and Ncwloundland ; anrl in 1110 hliulu~nt!i
and Azores, wines, the growtli of those islands; s n d in Scolki~ttl
or Irelnnd may take in scrvmts, or bo~sos,and all .victoiOs, tllo
Produce of those places."-Savary's Dicliorje~y o/ ~'rnilo ,t!r,l
Coar,aercz.
THE BOLTON LETTERS
wine was drunk before it was more than a year
old.
A smallcr quantity of ordinary beverage Wltite Wille
was made, from the Verdell~ogrape; most of it was
usually consumed before it had reached the immature
age o i nine months.
A little quantity of a very d a ~ kred wine, almost
black in colour, was also made from a black grape
known as the Negra Mollc. This wine, known as
Tinto or Tent, was mostly usecl for blending with
red wines which were considered too light in colour.
On several occasions Bolton advises Heysham that
ho is sending a cask or two of Tetzt with a shipment of
Red Wine, in case it should be found advisable, on
arrival, to " assist " the colour of the said red wine.
In certain specially favoured vineyards where the
soil and the aspect were particularly good, richer
species of grapes, chiefly thc Malvazia and Vidoltia,
were grown and gathered later than the common
beverage grapes. Tl~esc grapes were piclced when
overripe and they were pressecl wit11 greater care, as
t h e y were found to yield a wine which repaid the
special attention it had received in the malcing and
also i n the lteeping.
The wine made from such grapes was known as
filnlvcrzia or Malntsey, mlcl Vidofzia. There never was
m u c h of either madc every year, and, according t o
Bolton, there was sclclom enough made to meet the
B
18 T I l E BOLTON LETTERS
demand. This was the wine which is evidently
referred to in a letter written in 1699 by the Earl of
Bellomont, from Boston (New England), t o Lord
Somers, in which he says he hopes Somers has received
the 30 dz. Madeira wine, adding :
" There is a White Madeira which is called the
Jesuits wine and I think equal any of the Spanish
Mountain wines so much liked of late in England.
Those Jesuits there so engross it, that it is a h a r d
matter to get any ; and I never tasted of that sort
of wine but in two houses since my being in America.''
-Portln~~d MSS., Vol. V I I , $. 74,
They were richer and better wines, but not fortifiod
wines.
It was only when, during the war of Queen Anne's
reign, ships faded t o call at Madeira for wine, t h a t
William Bolton took the initiative of distilling some
of t h e surplus wine left on the hands of the growers,
small farmers who had no spare casks for the n e x t
vintage wines nor any spare storage space for ltccping
the wines of successive vintages.
And it was some years later that they added soma of
their home-made brandy to some of their wines, in
order t o make them last. Only then did thc winos
of Madeira begin to be really popular in England,
although they had been in their unfortified or natural
form the favourite wines of British sailors and colonists
for a hundred years.
:I'llc lollowing extracl [l.oln l.l~e1S11glisl1cclilion (1755)
of S:iv;iry's " Ilnivarsiil 1)iclionilry of :Tratla nntl
(:0111111(!r~o is woII \vorlll (llloli~lg:
'I
<,l I l l ! I)a!;l swccl..~~~onts irl 1l1c

worltl ilrltl s~lt:c:c!atl \ v o ~ ~ ~ l ~ : r Iill~ t l~)roscrvitlg ly largo
citrorls : I I I ~II~:~LIII.~IIII oi,ii~~{:t!s,
,< I l'oro arc scvor;il sl~(::~r-l)l;~nlnliolrs : IIit? su@r
l,l~t!y111;tIccis cxI:rt!~~~oly l ~ o : ~ l ~ [~. iIf I~s111c!Il!1
I~ l~ I~cIL~I~~III~
ol vi~)lcls. 'I'llis is [l10 l'~r!;Lpliitx: ill 1110W~!st\vI~oro
Illis III;LIIIII;II:~:III.O \\';IS S I ! ~011 100(., :l1111 11.0111IIOIICC
it h i ~ sl)acn ~:;u.riotli11l:o A I I I I ! ~ ~\\fllc:ro ~ : ; ~ ,t l ~ o ylnnkc
S~IGII v;isl: 1~~1:111tilios of s11gi1r l , l ~ i ~ tl.l~(!
: T,'orL~~gt~v~t!,
fi1111i11g ~ , I I ; I ~Ll~i!: [,r;ltlt! !v;\!; I I O ~ ,so 1)rolil:;il)l~! to l:ll~nl
Ilort! :I!; il: I)rovt!~lill: lir!it, II~LVI! ~)IIIII!(I 1111 tllo ~rc:i10st
1)iirt. I>[ LIlt!ir s111;;ir(:;LIL~S, i111d ] I I ~ I I I I . cvillt!y;~riI!i
~ ill
I:lloiu :LI;III, I i l o~ 1 1 1 : I I ! I I L V I , illld
w l ~ i c llorl!i(.:~~(!r!i
~ (:IIIIII! :l1111I I I I ~1111, i111d w11or1:I)y
1110 I ' I I ~ ~ I I ~ : I I I : III~LIU:
~ O i l l 1 ~ ~ I I I I I ~ : I Ip! ;r~~ ~ l i t ,
l l ~ ~ r;ire
6 , . ~
t ! l,llr~!~! or f011r !iorl.!; 01 lI~(!so\vi~lcs,
,, 0111: !:or1 i: of 1 . 1 1 ~1:o1011r01 (:I~~IIII~)~I[:II~I,* I ) I I ~is
1101: 11111(:11 v:lIll~!lI.
"'l'l~(! SOI:IIIII~!<or1i: i i \vlliLo \vi!ln, I I ~ I I I : ~!iLro~lg~!r I
L I I ; I I ~ l110 ~ I I V I I I I ! ~ , '1'110 Ll~irtl is (Iolit:i1111!:i111rI i!I
~ : i ~ l l ~Nl.itl~~l:;~!y,
!cl I I O ~ I I I ; {I[ ~ I I O!;:LIIIO
11;1Lt!ro \villl lll:il;
111 'l'~!~~~:~~il'l, '1'110 [ ~ L I I . I L I ~i!: (11 I,III! S ~ ~ I I I Isorl:
! ~vit.11
A l i : ~ ~Il : , l I : i l L I S 11
20 THE BOLTON LETTERS
is never drank but mixed with the other sorts, to
which it gives a colour, and strength to keep.
" It is observable of Madera wine, that the heat of
.the sun improves it much, when it is exposed t o it
in the barrel, after the bung is talten oft.
"They make in the whole island about 28000 pipes
of wine, 8000 of which are drank there, and the rest
exported : the greatest part is sent to the West
Indies, especially to Barbadoes.
" The chief town is Funchal, which is very populous.
The road here is very bad for ships to side in."
In the same " Dictionary " we find the following
description of Porto Santo, a small island of the
" Madeisas" group, often mentioned in the Boltofc
Letters.
" This island lies to thc north-east of Madera
and has only a bay, which is safe enough, except
when the wind blows from the South-west. This
bay affords a convenient retreat for ships that
come from the Indies, or go to Africa : so that the
merchant-men often stop there, which affords a
considerable profit to the inhabitants. The island
produces wheat and other corn, sufficient for the
provision of the people. I-Iere are plenty of. ,oxen .
and wild boars and a prodigious number of conies.
Here is also Dragon's blood, abundance of honey
and wax, and the Sea abounds with fish."
LETTERNO. I
PLIMOUTIS, 6 Sefil., 1695.
My last was 3"urr' since which I have received
yours of the same date with the Bill of Loading and
Invoice of goods l ~ a d e npr the Alzgel Pitthe for Terceira
upon your adventure and for my acct. wch. I sllall
examine and place in to your Credit in my Bookcs
to be made you good in conformity to our settlcd
agreement that all things may stand cleare betwecne
us, if any thing should happen by Mortality to either
of us, and doe further advise you that my Intention
is a t my arrival1 to take nly Sonn into Partnership
with mee, only for the sake of my Business runing
on currently if it should please God that I dye there,
and then noe impediment can acrue to my Principals.
.L1
You lcnow all my Business runs in the name of
W . B. 6 4 Gonbpy. and soe shall continue except s11c11
particular affairs which I have desired you to transact
for mee and then I shall address to you in my owne
Name only.
Thus iar I thought it necessary to advise you least
any Mistake should happen. As yett I have noc
Letter from G a p Jer. JaJoltnso% : his business is now
soe far forwarded that the Provisions are gonc aborde
this day and most of the other stores in readiness.
The chiefest want are the Guns from Dart?lrofith,wch
are shipped there and want a wind to bring them about
and some Seamen which, our Capn. saies, he makes
noe doubt to procure. I am making my Diligence
to get some Powder, Dsales and any thing else at a
reasonable Rate to excuse the paying dead freight.
I note you wil provide the things mentioned in
ye Porteguize memorialls to be sent when a Convey-
ance offers and then according t o what qta. of wines
you intend to have loaden, you may please to send
to make the Proportion of goods, Madder Bayes,
Elles, Iiersies, Slzbj$s, blach Shalloons, Prunellas, Bees
Wax, and what else you find convenient until I can
advise you from Madeira, except Gottons unless they
are cheaper, W'' its probable may be in a. short time
from ye Alteration of Exchange, and a t my arivnll
I shall be laying by som Wiltes that may be in readiness
for your order.
THE BOLTON LETTERS 23
I received a Letter from M' I'lto. Cordson wllerin
he sayes that he hat11 recd. from my Cortsilc Adn+ws
my Letter of Attorney to rccovcr the loss pr, the
Apple Tree of tlie Insurers, and upon rcceipt therof
how to dispose of the Mony. I wrote him that I had
left with my Cousin a Bill to receive £160 and that
my kinsman at Warwick desired to have the £300
(WC" am obliged to pay in twelve months) paid
presently to rnalce up that sum and what other acci-
dental charges for my Children etc. to pay him what
he wants-I shall order the Remander into your
hands when I hear it is recovered-as I can recollect
my selfe shall write you whilst I stay and always be
Sir,
Your Most humble Sewtk
W. BOLTON.
I writ you a few lines p'. the Express that G a p

Bveholt was at Ir'insayle-a Brigantine was retaken
by the Packet Boate and carried into ye 6orlznha-
'tis said belongs to senr Alzdrew Lo$ez.
LETTERNO. 2
MADEIRA, 15 Decettiber 1695.
hly last from Plin*' [Plymouth]was the 16th October
when we parted under Convoy of the Oovenlry and had
twenty days passage, smal winds and fair weather.
I found in Porte a Portuguize lodeing six hundred
Pipes for Brazil, a Bristol ship loaden with upwards
300 Pipes for Barbados and the Leeward Islat~dsor
Jnt~saica and a ship of Newyorke, bound home with
about loo Pipes ; a sinal vcssel from Jamaica ]lath
carried for that Island upwards of 100 P~pes,where
they had noe wines left; brings newes that Viviatt
was talcen by the French off Iiisfianolia.
Here remaines in Porte the A m , Capn Updich,
the Riclca~d, Oapn Saywel and a sloope from Pemil-
unlzia, all three for Jalnaica ; and a smal Fltcslti~igev
bound home wil sayle in few days-by whome shal
write you more particularly.
The Atigel Pink left the Convoy with us and Proceeded
for Terceira and I hope t o hear of her very speedily.
WAeate sels for 400 reis p'. Alqn%nd here is a con-
siderable quantity imported irom the Weslenz Islands
where it cost about 13.500 reis p'. Mojo all charges
aborde and I am morally certaine that the price wil
be better with us before next May.
Thc last Vifhlage in quantity was not grcate and
its Though1 that a great parte of the wines will be
ordinary because of unseasonable weatl~er. Here
is not above Two Tllousand Pipes of old wines in the
Island, several ships haveing laden wines this year
for Brazil more then usual.
This goes v" LisR, by a Frcnch Barlce, being only a
transient acctt of what offers with due respects I am-
etc.
I have not writt to Capn Johnson and several friends
p', this indirect conveyancc by the Flz*shinger that
send him an Illvoice of his wines and draw thcir
cost on lli~ndeducting the Dead Freight.
LBTTEHNO. 3
MADEIRA, 16th Xber 1695.
The aforegoing* is coppy of what went v"Lism
yesterday.
In the evening sayles the Anu, Capn U$dick, and
the Richard, Capn Saywel, and just now the Sloope
Pltiladel$hia is under sayle, leaveing in porte two
Portuguize bound to Lisbon, another for Terceirn and
a Flushinger by whom this goes.
Here are but few English Goods upon the place,
but what W.B. brought with him ; therefore, as you
find an opportunity of freight, you may please to send
some upon your AccLt,viz :
20 p', fashionable S ~ G ~ S ,
30 p. maddr. black Colchester Bays and other goods
as you shall think most fit. At present, I have assort-
ment but they will be expending by degrees.
M' Doidge at Plymouth hath a patterne of Nuns
Serges which I would faine have made. Mr. Wood,
of Exeter, did undertake it but [I] know not whether
he did goe forward with the getting them made as
he promised : he is Mr Z. Lapthorne's friend.
We send you enclosed a Bil upon Mr Jer. Joh?&so?t
for £467. 04. 00 at thirty Days sight, W"'' please to
* Letter No. 2 in first repcatcd in full.
TIlE BOLTON LETTERS 27
receive ; you have a letter for him unsealed ; please
to peruse it and then shut it up and deliver it to him.
Aiter we had sealed it, we opened it again that you
might see the contents and that we have deducted the
sixty pounds for dead freight. If he should object
against any thing as not knowing the Customs of
this place, you can explaine it t o him, but we presume
there wil be noe occasion.
Please to remit p' the first good occasion to Messrs.
Hacksltaw and Gulston, if Madam Bawdon hath not
given you an order to Messrs. Denl~arr~and Godnza?~
about the zo pipes of wine loaden on Capt. Breholt ;
herewith goes a Bill upon her for their cost as we
now write her-being 330.00 at 7'. p'. Mil Rea is
£115. 15, 07.
We shall have an oppertunity v". Lisa in a few
dayes. ICindly salute you and rcmain
Sir
Yr.Most humb. Servants
WM, BOLTON & SONS.
The above confirme coppy of our last, since which

arrived the SwiJL of Bristol, Cafitn Stevet~s,Comander,
from Corkc consigned to us with Bcefe, Bz~tter,Cafrdles,
hcuri~tgs and Porke. We are selling the BeeJe at
three pounds for IOO reis, which makes out clear of
vendagc about Go ss. per barrcl ; Calrrlles and Bz~Ller
100 reis per lb. all which render a good acctt. The
herrings are but few ; a good quantity would expend
now against Lent and inalce out 5.500 reis per Barrel.
Weareloadeingupwardsof onehundredPipes [of wi+te]
upon tliis vessel for A.rbtigua and are making Provision
for Cap" Price froin Cadiz who cannot be long wanting.
That not omitt the taking all necessary care for what
Orders WO [may] receive irom your good selfe ; have
reserved in the hands of Two IJortuguize a good parcel
of old w i w s which they are now Double raclcing that
they may be in a readiness. They are unwillin t o
adjust: the price as yeti, because tho old 7wi.rzes are
but few. These people llavo an cxpectation of a great
advance, but we believe They wil be Mistaken, because
we are now very nigh near raclcing thc late vintage ;
altho we stil conclude that They wil be something
dearer than this price which govcrncs about 16" reis
per Pipe asl~orcat present.
THE BOLTON LETTERS
We begin t o thinke the Angel Piltk tarrys long,
haveing had noe advice of her since we parted at sea.
WC are-God be praised-at the 8th curr" and left
our Letters open for anything that might occurr.
Three days since arrived the Alzgel Piltk with
IOO Moj, of Wheate from Tcrceira ; it cost, all charges
aborde about 15'' reis pcr Mojo and is curs" with
us at qoo reis per AlgyG,which makes 24" Reis p. Mojo.
It will make a good acc", considering that it was
with goods that render Proffitt.
Mr. Fisher sent us an acco of sales of three Bales
which you shipped for our accN and creditts us for
ye NL proceed 75)1"924 rcis, which you may please t o
note for future Gove~nment. This advice is t o you
perticular, not to be discoursed. When any vessel
bound that way, you may please t o send Two or
three hundred P o u ~ ~ but
d s let the Collct~sbe Northerne
Cottens, all rcds, for we find it wil be ye same Thing
t o have parte of thc goods \vh'icl~you scnd thither,
because some other friends will be sending hither and
somelimcs Inore than this place can wcl vend.
Incloscd we send you second Bills on Capn Jer.
Joltltso~z and Lady Bnwdolt. We shall write you the
needful p' thc PiitK. Whcn you have an opportunity
please to send us some hoobes.
We wish you an happy Ncwyear and remain, etc.
W. B. CO.
LETTERNO. 5
LISBON, 21 Jnt~ttavy1696.
Yesterday came on the Letters fr. El~glatrd, bnt

none from you nor the Poste before. I thank your
Care in forwarding the Letter from Mndeirn, web
coming from my wife, hath given me a ful act" of
my Concerns in that Island, wC1l(God be praised)
arc as we1 as I can wish and all dispatch imaginable
given t o the Ships that were then aloaditig, an accd
wl~ereofI suppose you 11avc from my house.
Herc is a ship fitting out for niladeirn to saylc the
beginning of next month.
S~rgnvshavc noe settled p~ice; they expcct t o scl
them at the dear Prices of last year but I am of Opinion
must fall considerably in Proportion t o what they doe
in E?cgEuitrl ; and therc they wil governe according
as the progless is made more or less in ye Treaty of
Peace.
My wife writes me that my ship WilLin+nwas takcn
up a t Barbados for a Cruiser, but Itnow not untler
what circ~unsiances.
Here is noe settlcd Exchange.
I am,
Wm.BOLTON.
We now send you a duplicate and coppy of our

address of two former conveyances, thc first per a
jlu<slai?ger bound home and the latter v" Lisn.
Inclosed goc third vias of the Rills on C a p Johlrsolt
and L a d y Barndolt, and our first on MC Ab. Elto~z,
Mercht in Bristol, payable in thc 1-Iousoof Ifr Thotnns
Clarke, 8301'438reis.
As the 1Sxchange governs from Lisboit to Lorrdolt
in this month of January and wc have drawne these
Bills in this method, that we ourselves might not be the
loosers, nor prcjudice the coilcerned p' thc Exchange.
We are at the 3rd February.
Just now are come into this poste thc Ports??to~ftlt
Gally and Lizard from cruising ; have bccn about 20 days
from Cadiz by whon~this goes forwarded; a coppy goes
by the Aftgel P i ~ b k who
, goes out in their Company.
We are expecting M'. Ilnll'svessel to goe V1 C m ~ a r i e s
and then shall send you what you ordercd by her.
In the intcrim, we have sent you a sinall Box of
Soccntt wCIl Cousin A d a m s will deliver to you. We
send him a Bill for about LIOO on M' Ed7ai?t and
Compq, to Defray the clvarges of Chelsea ; take no
notice of it. We have no time t o ii~largcand remain,
W'". BOLTON & SONS.
32 T H E BOLTON LETTERS
MADEIRA, rgllc Afiril 1696.

h 30th Afivil 6. 1sl May).
( C o n t i d ~ 7 tG
The Rzcssell Gally, from Iicland, broirght about
sixty MojS of wlzeate froin Yoz6glzall ; is sayled with
70 Pipes, for Januzica, for acctLof the Owners : shec
sails at too greate a chargc for a vessel of her Burthcn
to get mony in the West Ir~dies; brougllt us the
Newes of a conspiracy in E~iglancland a designe of
invasion froin France, wC'lcomcs confirmed to us by
three Dutchme~i,from the Isle Weigl~t,[come] to ladc
wines for Czwisao, as well as by Letters from Lisbon,
wC"say that all outward bound ships had been stopped,
their men talcell out and put aborcle the Friggts, soe
that we conclude that noc ships wil be suffered to
goe out until Autumnc.
Tliese unexpected impediments brcalte all Measures
in Trade.
We wish we had your order to ship some wines far
Barbados where we could get freiglit ; it might be
worth while to give a dormailt order as on the like
occasion whcn wines havc not bccn shipped of a greatc
while to said place, or as a t present are not like to
follow in some considerable tirnc. You may coillidein us
that we should doe it with the llcst of our jndgment.
We have a small Ship and a Brigantine loaded
300 Pipes for Nezs E+~gla?zd ; a sloope upward of
Ninety Pipes for Benlzztdn ; a Bark 60 Pipes for New
Yorke; a sloope 40 Pipes for Rode Isla$sd; another ditto
50 Pipes for Agztigz&a;attd now Cap" Price, loading for
Janzaica, woulcl sayle in few Dayes, were it not for the
Easter holidays; the foriner are all gon, besides a Scotch
ship that tooke in upward of 150 Pipes for the Leeward
Islands,-noe ship for Barbados, with them.
Our friend Mr. Mels Sleveqzs, of Fl+~s?~i?tg, writes 11s
under the 6th February v" Lisbo?~that Captn Gabriel
Marines was arived : a vessel which we loaded.
We addresser1 to you under the 16 Xber,* \vhich
we presume to reach y' hands in due time, but our
Letters of the 10th January v" Lisbolt are lost,'( the
ship being cast away as goeiilg over tltc Barr, and
since that the original of the other side was got to
Gadiz and hope wil be with you in coursc, ns we1 as
what we writ you per the Allgel Pbnk j: who parted
hence the 5th February. And now this goes v" Lisbofz,
p' a Barke that lnny sayle in tell dayes, and as matters
occur we shall note cloune until ller departure.
We are, God be praised, a t the 27th April.
The Rz~ssellGally sayled I 4 days since and a Brigan-
tine of Bristol, Cap Tmzdy Cornand', in Ballast from
St. Mallo with IOO Pipes for Jamaica ; and the Mary,
Capn dtanrt, from Cadiz, with yesso, about 130 Pipes
for Nevis. We have had several small vessels Iroln
the Westward Colonies, wC"returnedhome wit11 wines.
* See Lctter No. 3. 1 Tllerc is no tracc of a n y letter of illat date
in tl~eCorrcspondcocc. t Sec Letter No. G.
C
34 TI-IE BOLTON LETTERS
The weather begins to be good and this day Capn
Price is takeing wines, wil be soddanly dispatched, and
three Dutch vessels from A?izslerdnnt with Rye, Dcales,
Cordageetc., are takeing in about 400 Pipes for Oourisno.
We received a Letter from the Lndy bnwdon, pc the
Russel Gally, wlierein shee says that what I bought
of lier for £160 was wart11 a greate many hundreds,
for which reason, because I would have her t o be
convinced of her Mistalre, as in time shee will be,
I have wrote her that upon her imediate repaying
t o you the ;GIGO, the Bargain shall be void, and that
you wil give l ~ e rup the writeings, W'" you nlay please
to doe, and returne me the Bill W'" I passed upon her
because, as I have formerly received civilityes from
S' J o h t Bawdon, I am very desirous to be grateful
to his Lady Widdow.
Please to pay Mr Francis D'LacL for acc" of Mr
D. ICirtolt, Elcvcn Pounds i n d take up an old Bond
of mine ; its probable lle may insist upon Interest, but
there is noe reason for it, as I have formerly told him.
The Willimn, Cap" RicRnrd Fyfield Comander, a new
vessel of go Tons, G guns and 4 Pedereros, wherein we
and some friends are owners, came loaden with Pi@-
sLnves from Bostott. We loaded her with clesigne for
C o ~ r i s a until
o the Dutcllmen arived, and then findin that
too many wouldgoe to that Marltett, thought iiadvisable
that shee should goe t o Bnrbados, according to an agree-
ment made to send her whether fewest wines had gon.
Mr. John Grove, being our friends correspondent,
T H E BOLTON LETTERS 35
requested the consignation to him, wcb we could not
deny. We loaded her accordingly to him ; carried
upward of 130 Pipes ; his orders are to dispatch her
back to New Eriglat~d, unless freight for Londotz be
at 14 or 15 p, p' cent : in such case to load about
£500 in S z g a r s for acctl of ourselves etc., consigued
to your good selfe, and the remainder to lett out
upon freight ; and if any conveyance offers for
Loqtdon to give you advice.
We are uncertaine what may happen and there-
fore cannot say \whether shee may goe home for London
or New Eltgland. Now, least shee Inay take the
voyage for Lolidolz, we desire you to make insurance
for k1800, viz. Lrzoo the ship and l600 in goods, soe
that provided shee cloth not proceed we may pay
only 4 per Cl for underwriting, and this, we presume,
you may doe without paying more doune.
We need not explain our selves any iurther, whatso-
ever shall come to your hands from said M' Grove,
please to lceepe particular in Acctl in ye Name of
S Wm. Boltoll E. Go, owners of the ship PVilliant, and,
if shec should happen to arrive without any further
Direction from us, please to fitt her out with all Expedi-
tion, but wc shall write you more p' the first convcy-
ance. She saylcd llence for Barbados zzth currant.
We are now at the 30th April.
Confrme thc aforegoing. Cap" Price will sayle in four
dayes ; hath most of his Loading aborde ; the weather
good and seasonable ; noe alteration in our Business.
We find by some discourse that one of this Place
heed with Mr. Miles ; he hat11 some intimation that
you and we have entered into a corsespondency. We
know not whether it may be any advice from Elzgland
or from Mr Masson, who went passenger with W. B.
and was knowing of some Letters that passed at
Plirnoutl&. We take noe notice of any thing, but
shall let matters come t o their knowledge when they
cannot be avoided.
We writ you that few goods rernained upon this
place but what we have, wdl are Dayly expending and
therefore you may send us, if not already provided,
a Proportion of goods in sortment according as we
advised under the 16th Xber past, and please not
to forget t o send us some Hoo$es for trilning our
Pi$es-fine black Lays, Black Bays, black Crafics and
N I ~ Serges
S much wanted.
Observe by a Letter from Messrs. Hall of the
7th January that their vessel a t Ports,noztllb was left
behind the Fleete, and we are now sorry that we did
not send your wine etc., by the A~zgel~ i i s k but
, we
followed your order; shall make use of the first
occasion that offers to send them.
Our Ril of Loading Book is near written out, therfore
please t o send us a new one, and when you have
an opportunity of writeing us, please t o send us now
and then a price currtt, well may be useful one time
or other, besides the present satisfaction of ltnowing
how the Prices alter.
We doubt not but that Capn Jer. Jolucson paid our
Bill and that M' Abraham Elton will doe t h e like,
mony we propose to be remitted to Messrs. I-lnclz-
sham, E. G , ~ d s t o ? ~if; you have not already done any
part of it, it wil be we1 enough to lett it alone until
October, unless you find that the Exchange will be
to our prejudice, for altho' they are very good Men,
we esteeme our Mony to be better in your hands
than in theirs. You may please t o write them p' the
first that you wil remitt for our AcctL: we have
always had lnony that lay in their hands because we
never valued our Selves to the full.
We believe we shall not want your Recomendation
upon all occasions, you may be assured that we shall
comply to satisfaction.
We heartily wish you had given us a Line dr two
V" Lisn of what ships were bound this way ; have
notice of a ship of yours called ye Bridge Towlre,
Cap" Willinms Cotnandr, but the soddain stop of their
coming out was such that we believe you depended
~tponthcir sayling along time bcfore.
We are now at ye pmoMay and have made this
Letter more like a Diurnal than a Letter from whence
you may know our Proceedings. WC wish your
.
Presperity and are . .
Wm BOLTON Cr COMPY.
Please to let there be one Policy for the ship and
another for goods. We desire you lilcewise to get
k~zooinsured for Barbados from this place,
LETTERNO. 8
MADEIRA, ~ z t l zMay 1696.
This goes by a Portuguise Barlte pr whomc we have
writt you under the 19 - 27 - 30 ultimo and primo
currtb, meeting with strong Easterley Winds, put
back to Povto Sa?tcto.
Here is arrived a ship off and froin D~lblirzwit11
Wlteate, beefe, B~rttev,ca?zdles and ilerrings. Loads
upwards of IOO Pipes.
Capn Price, we hope, wil saile this night having
been fully loaden several dayes. We have noe late
advice from England.
Inclosedyou have Ca@gz.Joltn Prices BillforLz6.19, o.
on M' Willian Blakeway, a saile malter, which, we pro-
s u m , wil find curstbPayment. That send you a second
v" Barbados because our conveyances are soe uncertaine;
We are, God be praised, at the 14th currtb.
Yesterday, C a p Price was in great Danger of
loosing his ship but did not receive the least Damage;
His ship missed staying near the slloase and having
not roolne to wal'd clear of the Lien, fell aborde a ship
riding there, which held her until we gott out a Wharpe
and secured him ; gott him out againe and sailed last
night. He escaped next to a miracle, altho' very fair
weatlier, they having stowed alltheir cables and Ancllors.
We are, etc.,
W. B, & Co.
T H E BOLTON LETTERS
LETTERNO.9
RIADEIRA, 2211d May 1696.
The 151h clirrtb arrived the May?~ard, Cafill Joicqa
Hill, for Iqzdin, in 23 Dayes from the Domufzes. I-Ic
sailed thence the 10th April in Camp" of some Coasters ;
left the Aeete imbargd, was engaged with a French
Mann of 30 Guns, 40 leagucs off Usl~a?zt,brought his
ship much shattered in her Rigging etc., ancl five
Men wonnclcd. I-Ie had in his Compa a ship for
Gtiinea, Cap' I-lall Coinander, who escaped likewise
and procecded on his voyage ; and a Brigantine
bound for I?tdin, who parted from him in ye night,
and because not arrived, may be either taken or
returned for E91.glaqzd. This ship takes in Go pipes ;
belongs t o ~W'Sa9n~ltejherd,Maj' Lo~tgand M' Gil.
Heathcote.
Just now arrived, the Bclty, sloopc, of Bristol, in
three Weckes from Yorrgltnll, with 50 Maj. of whentc,
soine ilcrri~rgsand Bzttlev ; loads for iltttiglra.
We are, God be praised, at the a l t h ditto. A ship
of this Place arrived from Per?tnntbrtco with 120
Chests S~rgnr: noe other alteration.
Ditto 27th. We have unloaden the sloope and
have upwards of 50 Pipes aborde. Shal dispatch her
t o sayle t o morrow with this conveyance in C a m p
of the Maylbard. Our Letters from Bfislol, of the
16th Ifarch, mention ye receipt of what went pr the
F l ~ ~ s U n g eunclcr
r 16 Xber., notwithstanding urc have
forwarded the Bil on C a p . J o h ~ ~ s o ? ~ .
Whente sels a t 400 a 500 Reis p' Algr4, pr retaile,
as it is in Goodness. Our I-Iarvcst wil be good and
yett shal want at least one halfe of the year Expence
of Bread Corn.
We have reserved for your Order fine old wil~es,
which now are scarce and shall Ibe glad to be freed
from tl~ernbttt cannot expect it very soddainly.
All sorts of Wollen Manufacture begin to be wanted,
perticularly Black Baycs, .fi?tc Black Sevges, black
Cra$es, Rlnck Slzalloo~zs, Black te~z ltlr?tdred. You
inay please to send these species with a Proportion
of other goods : thc quantity ure leave to yourselfe
and, accordillg to wt wc find that you or M' Tooke
send, with, sometl~ingthat we promised to take from
Mess" Hall, we shal from time to time regnlate
our selves.
Please to remember solne Iboojs p' the first ship.
If any thing happen ~vortliyour I<nowledge beforc
the shutting up of our Letters shal write you in Post-
cript and remaine . . .
Wm BOLTON & CObIPy.
THE BOLTON LETTERS
LETTERNO. 10
MADEIRA, 6th J ~ i l y1696.
Two dayes since I addressed a fcw lines b y my man
M'. Be+cjame~tIIewzifrgs and inclosed to you several1
bills and now send you envoys of wines loaden for
accott : 50 pipes pr the Recovery, C a p John Jncobs
comander, importing 873m.530 rcis and 245 pipes pr
the hiridge tozs~re,C a p Roberl ll'illiancs coinander,
importing 414 " 440 reis which sum we debet you
in accLtcur".
I am now t o informe you of a strang revolution
in my affairs.
The first currLt,I was seized upon and putt into
a wett dungeon with my cheese [chaise] man where
we remained 48 hours. The next day following, the
Governor sent a Serjent t o notifie me t o iinbarke
from this island in 3 hours. Ilc put a guard upon
my house which waxed impatient of my stay, and
accordingly because the order was t o goe a bord any
ship in the roadc, I detcrmen'd upon a Fl~islci+cger,in
order t o get a speedy passage for Lis'.
When we werc about half way aborde, t h e serjeant
was called back t o the castcl, WC still remaining i n
the boate. IIe reccivcd orders to bring us ashorc and
carred us t o the court of Guards, where we rcmained
some time, and tlleen, with four soulders, carried up
through the noted streett round to ye same place,
and then shiped us a second time, they accoinpaining
us a borde ye jersey, friggatt, and then left us to take
passage for the West Indias.
You inay guess what a inultitudc of neggros and
Mollottos and rable followed us in the prosesion;
expected nothing but to have my Braines Beat out
and was glad when I gott aboard.
Such a sorte of indignity was never put upon any
merchant in the world, and a t the same time I had
4 sl~ipsin ye road wholly consigned to me : your
$inhe,* a small ship of M' R e n e w , a Fltlsirlger and
M' I-mlls Briganteen, by whome this goes.
T l ~ ecomander of the Man of War brought me back
several Leagues that night, aboard a FL%6si?bgerin ye
road, where I am privately. Shall sail in few dayes
for Terceira, to gett passage for LisR.
After they shiped me of, they seized on all my
effects, pretending to be for ihe King's acc., to who111
I am indebted to for custom, but have money cnough
in the house to pay it. But what inore they intend
to doe, I ltnow not of yeti.
My wife and sonn are a shore with my famely,
which I wish farther of now. Then the first occasion
of this was M' Halls Briganteen, which lost company
of the fleet and, the 30 ultimo, coming of the road,
* The " Angel Pink" mentioned in Letters I , z and 3.
T I l E BOLTON LETTERS
found the winds variable and could not gitt in ; where-
upon we procured a boat to tow her in, because we
had lately z Briganteens talcen in sight of the Island,
and here is a order that noe boat should goe a bord
with out asking Lycence; my man went and sued,
when, as the Govenour was asleepe, and the rector
of the Collidge comming to vezett him awaking, could
not be spealce with, he left a messinger t o receive
Lycence and sent of yc boat with yc providores
lycence, only upon which we were imprisoned for,
the morning following, where we reinailled as f told
you. 48 hours.
And then the govenour began to say that h e had
several1 complants against me. One was that I was
ye occasion that the flect maide soe short a stay and
took less by zooo pipes than otherwise they would
doe if had stayed. longer, whereas som few of t h e
Barbados and Lerverd Isla+zds ships could not take
many, and for my owne perticular part, I neather
saw nor spoalce nor had any comunication with the
co~nailderof the Bavbados convoy, who was the whole
occasion of thcire going away soc sone.
And that I was the only cause of a i;lz6si+tger not
going to yc Islands for corne, which is so undoubtly
false, that at thc same time ancl longe before we had
concluded upon to goe tlie voyage, altho he had been
arrived but ten dayes, and altho these ,things, if
realy true are not crimcs so grevous.
THE BOLTON LETTERS
Some person of this place have not been wanting
t o improve what they could by suggesting and affirm-
ing great parte of what hath been said against me,
perticularly iMr Miles etc. Such a villainy it is for
our owne countery men to be the authors of all this
mischief by malice which cannot be opposed by
vindication of my inocency, because in this arbitrary
power they condeinne people unhearde.
I t deserves more than I can say or doe. I shall
indevour for som redress if it be to be obtained at
Lisbow, and if not must make my application by
friends in Eltgla?zd. Please to colnunicate this com-
plant to Messrs Hall and M'.Hzbtchins and to the rest
of my friends. To all of them I cannot write, being
allmost a~naizeat this sudden alteration in my affares.
I am, .. .
W. B.
I am, God bc praised, att the 11 currl" expecting

to saile tomorrow.
Since the aforegoing, I understand that the seizing
of my Effects was done by o~u.providore in frind-
ship t o me and that all things are well as I left them
with my famely, soe that my mind is more att ease
then when I writt the aforegoing.
I drew up a certificate of my case, rclating only
matters of fact, and sent itt privately ashore to be
coppyed by another hand, but it is refused ; M' Miles
and Richbell alledging, for feare of the Govenour,
they deare not signe it, altho it was all truth.
There is too much in the bottom of this affaire.
My people are a loading on bord M' Halls Briganteen.
I have ordered t o put z quarter Caslce aborde ye
Briganteen, being one for your family and the other
for my cousin Bollow, in ~Vanvick; however no sort
of sweet meett.
I was obliged by agreement to pay my cousin
£300 in twelve months, after the signing ye writing.
Cousin Adams, 3 Xber [December], writts me that
he hacl spoalce with the Lawyer who is to receive
the money ancl told him that he had Lzoo reddey.
Please to lcnow of my cousin whether it was paid and
writt to Warwick that, if it be paid, you wil pay the
other Lroo, but, if not, must clesire you to pay hiin
ye L300 when this Briganteen arrives.
Please to take up ye 2 Quarter Caslc : ye charges,
please, to my acc't sending as he shall direct. I refer
you t o M' Benjatnefz Ifentings you to malce what
interest may be in my behalfe to second my complant
at Lis".
Wishing you prospirity and are . . :
W.B.
LETTERNO. 11
MADEIRA, 16th Jzdy 1696.
This serves to acquainte you how unlcindly Capn
Rob1 Willinnts dealt by me.
The case was this : hee brought me severall Bales
goods, amongst which was one Bale contg 15 p q l a c k
bayes, which by the Carlesness of himselfe or People,
stow'd this bayle upon the Ballast, without anything
under it, and the hoops atop, by the Dampness of
which, when came to remove ye Balc, found itt all
Rotten : Baycs, Canvass, Ropc-about wC" they llad
sowed a pce [of] an old saile.
Upon which I made a petition to our Judge con-
servator, to give Lycence to the judge and Scrivcner
of Damages-the Master being present-that the
Bale might bce open'd, and the Damage Servay'd,
which was granted and accordingly done, in the
presence of the Judge and Scrivener of Damages :
M'. Bolton, Cap" Rsher, Cam-f his MajuC"hip
Jarsey, Messrs. Richbell and Milcs, one Capn Peler-
nigster, the officers of the Custome house and several1
others.
Servey was made and the Serveyers goeing to
Determine ye Damage, Captt Willialns came to me
in III(! I'ltl~licli (:llslomc Ilotlsc, i)csin?ing, il I plcas'd,
I~cowunltl ~ll:ilic:l11 c n ~ or l ill: will1 111cc ; t o wllich I
Anscwc:rrc!el 11im 11cr11rctllclll : ~ l llll:it h~:csllo~~ld t:~ltc
l 1 1 1 . tl:l~n:ig'~l l3;iycs 1.0 l~ilnsclleand. ~nnlc .Llic
I I I I I S ~cl[ i:llanl, fiivcillg me: ~II(! lirst cost imd cllargcs
ill I'.o~~tlol~, w"I1 Iloa r1::rtlily otnl)r;lc'd, :tlld piva 111c
1n:lily Lliiillks i11111 told 111~1wc1!1ld. give III(!C for 111y
~ I : L ~:L I Ilill
I I ~c111 yc111r:;ol[c i ~ (1t (1:iys sigl~l,ill wI1ic11 I
w;rs s:rtl.islictl, ;illcl [::LVC Lho I~lvoicc:ol Ll~o gooils to
M' I ~ o I l o ~ tI , s i r i ~ltiln, its i Willkilns fricnd.
t.o 111:\lct!it. 1\11 ; JV"" \v:is 1)uk oI'[ 1111lil1t l ~ olast d:ry
:rs bir li01l.~1\1\VAS Illl?,l!y.
A v 1 1l i l l i s l I T.o:idi~tf;, went
~ r c : s ~ l li y1 o 1 I I I s i l o ; u11o11whicll
R1r, I i ~ l t iI l sc!rv;ull I o i i v t l ~ c Ilill
~.c:;ttlyc l ~ i w l ~ cwhi~:l~ , 11t:o would \lot sigllc, bult went
;iw:iy.
SII(:~I :L 1 1 1 v i s Ii t I A i 1 1 1 I V II~L'DL ~vitll
i r l l sillcc ~ : : L I I I ~011 LIIC 'Ssl:~~ul.
~ ,
I ~ I : I I : L H:ry~:s
;'~ w:~sIo 11:ivc lrccll left will1
Mr. I~IIII,IIII 111!:~!ll, I I I I L I : ILI!~! Ilcinl; iill; LIIC S:LIIII> ti111[:
wl1c!11 V i i i W~ ~ I I I:LWLLY ~ 1111rrio(lol'I Llu! lslii~~d,
I I S~ I I I I IVill:iil,y,
~: ;L!; l yo11:l will 1111ilorsL;i11~1 by Ili!; I I I ~ ~;I I
I S I I I ~ II 1 1 1 cI Mr. 'Iitrllol~ wore: I I ~ L I I
I ' I I : l , I I I I S I :1 ~1 i i L i i o to our
1 1 : l v l ~ I r l ~ ~ l I i : il c : wlricl~ is
now :r elo[:in(:, :u111as sooln: :ls c~ltlctl,y(111will llnvc
:i j~rst:iccLl O[ itll.
PIr Bolton's man, M' Benj" I-Ieming, when arrived,
cann Informe you the needfull.
I remaine . . .
SAM BROI<INGE.
(The damaged Bays fetched 150 Milreis at public

auction.-ED.)
LETTERNO. 12
MADEIRA, 13 Sefitcmber 1696.
Inclosed we send you coppys of the invoices of the
wines we loaded p' Willian~sand Jacobs. We like-
wise send you third v?= of the Bills we sent you by
M' Benjalizine IIeinil6g, and likewisc three letters of
creditt which goe open. You may please to peruse
them and forward them to the Gent concerned.
The ships for the Wcst I~cdicsthis year to load wines
have not been many, especially to Ja+rbaica, none
having gone thither since Gap" Price.
Here is a P i d in Porte, carryes about 400 Pipes
for Barbados, from whence we havc advise of t h e
20th February, mentions that wines sold then at
L17 per Pipe.
We have very grcate plenty of Wheate i n this Island,
imported by four i;lz6shifzgers from 1CIolZnnd and the
Westerlze Islands ; now sels at 280 Reis p' Al. and
wil certaitlly Lower in price when Two of said Dutch-
men arrive, which are Daily expected with about
500 Mojs. Three of S'' Flzbslbi~zgerscatnc rccotnended
to our housc [to] loade I.VI%ite Wines, Bralcdy and
succall, bound home it1 a months time, p' whomc shal
writc you the needful.
Wines governe about 14 " 500 Reis, in the Lodges,
D
and rising by reason our approaching vintage promises
very smal, [but] presume may be good, the weather
having been hitherto very seasonable.
Our W.B. writes us that he is safe arrived at Ter-
ceira, Daily expecting a Brazecl flcete, which generally
calls in that Island, to imbarlce himself for Lisn. From
thence he wil write you the needful.
We here, Gocl be praised, are all fit and quiett now ;
little or noe Alteration ; only the absence of our
W.B. We have nothing more nlalerial at present,
Icisse your hands and relnaine . . .
Wm BOLTON P\: COMPY.
THE BOLTON LETTERS
LETTERNO. 13
MADEIRA, 30tlt (Sefitevzber) 1Gg6.
Here are in Poste two ships bound to Newyoyorke,
carry about 250 Pipes, and a Brigantine belonging to
Bosto+t, about go. Ditto, bound home ; four Flt~slti~tgers,
loading zultite wines, B m f t d y and Succntt for Flushing ;
mil saile by the Latter End of this month pr. whon~e
shal write you the ncedful.
I-Iere is great plenty of Wltcnte in this Island, it
now governes a t 280 reis pr. Algro the old, and new
300 Reis per A l p , but are of opinion wil fall in
price.
We have lately had great Raines and our vintage
not above half made, which cannot be otherwise
than very good, but thc other halfe, which is to be
made, in which are the greatest parte of ye Mnlvasias,
are affraid wil be but very ordinary. [We] note
what you write of sending a vessel lor Mnlvnzias and
Succalt. We have had a dorment order by us from
Messrs Halls to buy all we could for their acctt ; we
are of opinion it woulcl be a great deale better for
you and them t o send a vessel joyntly to load some
Mnlvasias, but as for succntt, here is none to be bougllt.
A French Ketch loaded two hundred chests for Rochel ;
a Sattia, by whome this goes, five hundred ; ditto
52 TFIE BOLTON LETTERS
four Flz~shingcrswhich load ~"ornodity with while
?vines, Brandy and $flnufnatc?b0).
If the ship you mention should come, [we] shal doe
what lyes in our power, but if this should reach your
hands before ye ship comes out, we suppose you wil
either follow our above-mentioned advice or other-
wise desist in that proceeding, because ye ~Mnlvasins
arc so few and believe may be but ordinary.
We havc discovd. Capb Brehold, p. whome [we]
received the favour of yours with Invoice and Bill of
Lading for onc Tr~inkoi goods, who tels us that
he cannot prolnisc to take in ye wines. [He] has
proinised t o doe what lyes in his power ; shal load
them according to your order, if can possibly take
theill in.
We are miglltily straightned for wine. The fleet
bcing ready to bc gone, have not time to inlarge:
shal write you ye needful p. ye Flushingcr in a shorte
time.
Kiss your hands and Remain . . .
W. BOLTON & COMP.
I am now arrived a t this City where I have letters

Irom ~Mndeirnof tlle 17th ultimo, wllereitl am advised
that my house llatli wrotc you pr. said conveyance
and sent you several Bills W"' Messrs TInckshnw 6 Co.
tel me were forwarded p' the Couz~nha,wC'l please t o
get accepted and, when received, Credit the Acctt ;
if Mr. IIentirzg bc arrived with the Cnltnry Convoy,
you wil have a more ful Rclatioll thcn 1v11at I gave
you in my last touching my Expulsion from Mndcira.
I shall take the best advice I can gct in order to m y
Redress and returne Lo that Island. This goes by
a Proprio, soe that I have not time t o be Inore par-
ticular; all my Concerne are we1 in Madeira and
Iam.. .
WM. BOLTON.
LETTERNO. I5
LISBON, 28th Oclobev 1696.
I addressed a few lines under the 16th curru, being
then newly arrived at this citty. Am advised generally
not to proceed judicially in my business but to compose
it with a Relation of our Governour, because it wil cost
much time, their methods being dilatory. I an1 assured
from friends that I shal have a sl~eedyissue to returne
pr. first conveyance for Madeira, where I may be
wanted ; altho' I find that everything is we1 managed
in my absence, nly Son haveing deported himself very
prudently and, according t o the general character, as
if I my self was there present : I am extreamly
pleased with his diligence and doubt not will soe
continue.
Confirme what you have on the other side from
Madeira : the West India Fleete parted from Madeira
the 13th Curr'" leaveing 5 sayle to load for several
places. You may please not to mention anything to
Messrs Halls, as if it was our opinion that you agreed
to send a vessel togeather.
I have no advice of the Willianz, Cap'" Pyfield
Comander, whether he proceeds for England according
as I advised you, or whether he goes for Boston ; there-
fore I cannot tel how to advise for further Insurance.
I request you, upon notice from Barbados, to act a s
you would doe for your selfe in the like case.
I have some time since mentioned the damage on
a Bale of Bays that Mr. Sum1. Brokif8g had on borde
G a p Willian~s; the said Comallder agreed with him
to pay him the first cost and charges, but went away
without doeing anything, altho' he promised to give
him a Bil for his Mony. MY. Brokeing hath since
caused the Bays to be sold, and in justice thc
Remander must be accounted for.
MY. Miles intends for England in a Flushinger ;
besides the villany he did me with the Gove~nour,he
told publiclcly that I reported in England that he
was broke and illerfore you altered your consignations
to mee-and this was done the more to expose mee.
Please to have an Eye to my children.
Iam.. .
WM. BOLTON.
LETTERNO. 16
MADEIRA, 4th Nouef?zber 1696.
We received y-avour of yours pr. Cap" David
Breltolt, in ye flelte, for which we thank you. Received
the Bil of Loadiilg likewise for one trunkes goocls,
which we have received.
Note what you write of securing you son~eMnlvnsias
and Succntt : ye Malvasias are very few this vintage,
not exceeding above half the quantity of other yeares :
as for ye succalt, we will buy what we can gctt and lay
by til yr vessel arrives.
We would have shipped you some wines upon
Gap" D. Brelzolt, but he could not take them in ; [he]
leaves a great paste of his owne ashore here. Has
gone downe very greate quantitys to Barbados:
suppose that market may be ful.
The wines of our last vintage, [we] are of opinion,
as most beople] are, that will be good. Very great
plenty of Bread : corne in ye Island sels now at
250 reis p, alg" the old and. 300 reis the new, and
[we] are of opinion will be cheaper.
We have not time to inlarge, having several vessels
.to dispatch, besides two which we have now dispatched
for ilolln~zd. Shall write you ye needful pr. all
conveyauces and remain . . .
WM. BOLTON 8( COMFY.
THE BOLTON LETTERS
LETTERNO. I7
MADEIRA, 17th Nove?ttber 1696.
The two aforegoing coppys wc confir~neto which
[we] refer you.
Here is now in Porte ye Severlz and Szcqtderla?zd
Friggks, from Fyal, in search of ye Barbados Fleece :
makes this conveyance.
We have lately opened your goods : the stuffs we
find but ordinary and doe desire that you send no
more, as we1 Silks as Slochilzs, until f~irtlieradvice
from us.
Inclosed we send you a menlorial of what goods we
would have sent by any good conveyance.
Ye cheese that came by G a p Willia?ns was all
damnified : have made little or noetlling of it. Here
is plenty of both cheese and butter : at present bearcs
no price.
Inclosed we send you a M b q o r some goods:
being for a friend, which we could not deny,
and therefore desire that you \vou'd excuse ye
trouble.
Inclosed we send you a couple of Letters for LixR,
wliicl~please to forward by first Post.
We send you Oap. Edmards, Commander of the
Severne, his Bill for 470" or 750 Reis, according as the
58 TIlE BOLTON LETTERS
Exchange shal run between Lixa and London in this
present month of November, which we dont question
but shal find due Payment.
We are, etc.,
W.B. & CO.
THE BOLTON LETTERS
LETTERNO. 18
LISBON, 26 November 1696.
My last was pr, the Coruwha ; the Letters from
England are not yet come forward, altho' here is
advice by sea that the Packet Boate was arrived.
I noted in my last that my Business was in a fair
way of an amicable composure, upon which I doe
depend, and my intention is to return for Madeira pr
the first conveyance, wol' may probably be in all the
next month with the Pernambuca Fleete, but if it
should soe happen that noe vessel toucheth a t our
Island, I wil freight one with Salt, Pilchavds, etc., to
goe in their Company, but of this I shall advise as
matters doe occurs.
I shall be thankful to you for the remittance of
what ~nonyyou are in cash for me, as we1 as upon
the half part of the wines, because I would satisfie all
Bills, that I contracted to pass in this occasion, as
mucl1 as if I were there present. I doubt not but
the Bills last sent wil find punctual complyance, as
we1 those for Liveriboole as otherwise.
I presume pr. the first you have advised me if
any Notice which way the William proceeded from
Barbados ; I am now in ye Darlce and doe not know
whether to write about her. It is much that shee
Go THE BOLTON LETTERS
did not imbrace the freight lor Loftdon. It's probable
Mr. Groves brother in Londol~may informe you, if you
have noe other notice.
You wil doe we1 to forward ally orders for Loadings
of wines, etc. via Lisbon, for altho' it's more than
probable that I may be gon for Madeira, yet because
at this season (I mean from January to March) ships
are geeing t o Madeira, and your letters in time wil be
very necessary, especially considering the delays in
ships getting out.
Please to remember that not withstanding what
ever ships have gon before the 25th March, always oa
t h a t clay (unless bad weather) the Bahia JZeete sayles,
with wC'lcompany one or more ships for Madeira.
I kindly salute you.
W. BOLTON.
THE BOLTON LETTERS
LETTERNo. 19
LISBON, 30th Noue~izbeu1696.
By the Corzcnl~aPoste I am favoured with yours of
the Septemb. ~ o t h ,another from Mr Ifzdtclbi+as and
the Secretary of Statcs Lettcr to the Envoy touching
my Business. I am very much obliged t o you and
the rest of my friends carc in that affair, and altho'
the Envoy is gon ior England, his son, Mr. Pmrl
~Metl&zte~b,hat11 assured me of his application in what is
necessary.
I n my former, I have told you that I was advised t o
endeavour a composure amicably, and I hope per
next Poste shall be able to give you a more particular
acc" of my negiciations in this place, and then doubt
not but shall returne to Madeira in a shorte time.
I have written a few Lines to Mr. I;ua+~cisEyles t o
thank him for his Icindness, wdlI requcst you to deliver,
and forward the inclosed to my CofrsinBoltojz : I know
not but that he maybe disappointed for want of the
l300 by the death of my CoztsifbAdavzs : I thank you
for your care therein.
I have been particular in lily last letter and have
little t o add, but note what you say of the Bnrbndos
ships, and that you have noe advice of the WilZia+ns
being in the Pleete, altho' freight was at ye Price
limited. You nlay please to make such Insurance as
you find reasonable, as I have already desired.
I have not written t o other fricnds pr. this Poste,
deferring until the next, when I hopc t o give a good
Acc" of my affairs.
Give them my service, who am . ..
WM. BOLTON.
THE BOLTON LETTERS
LETTERNO. 20
LISBON, 5 Janrtary 1697.
I have before me yours of the 17th November wnh
came to hand seven days past, and thank your care
for the remittance of the 450" 1Reis pr that Poste.
This day came the Corlcnha Packett with letters of
the pm"ultimo, but none from you.
Messrs. Halls advise the loss of the Porteguize ship
w c b a s freighted for Madeira from Lofrdo?~. It is
tnorally certain that the freighters have saved a
greate deal of mony by it, unless they liad an out-
ward adventure uninsured, the whole Island not
producing a sufficient quantity of Maluasias to load
that ship.
Am sorry for Capn Willia?t~smisfortune ; my hopes
(are) your usual prudence hat11 made insurance.
Shal acquaint Mr. BroRitbg what you say of his
affair : I thought he had sent to Mr. Gilbert Wenlitcote
a certificate of the damage.
I am intending to goe pr the first ship for Y a d e i r a
as I advised you in my last, but request the continuance
of the favour of your lines that when I am gone they
may be forwarded to me.
13ere are three fleetes preparing to be going and the
last will begon by the 20th March.
Your care of n ~ ychildren wil always be esteemed as
an extraordinary favour being now in a manner left
destitute. I would not that they should want any-
thing that ]nay bc necessary but not extravagant. I
shal approve of what you doe and remaine. ...
W. B.
THE BOLTON LETTERS
LHTTI~R
No. 21
MADEIRA, 2 Febnrary 1697.
Wiqzes wortli 18 Reis and upwards per Pipe aborde,
ye old [wines] ; ye new have yet noe price-are now
raising (ricing) and wil be good.
Bread corize is rising, Wlbeate worth 350 Reis pr, Algc
and will certainly beare a good price before May and
all other graine proportio~lable.
Ilere just in two Scotch vessels, loaded 170 Pipes
for the Leeward Islatzds ; brought BeeJe, Herrilzgs,
B~ttterwliich ge~~erally sells well.
I-Iere is off this Road Admiral Neve : in his Company
four Rlcn of War, a fire ship and a I<etch-Tctlder :
arc waiting a Sqnadron, wl~icllthey have advice wil
come direct from E?rgla?zd to joync t h c n ~here. [We]
are not certaine whither they are bound : 'tis prcsumed
to the West Indies.
We are, God be praiscd, a i the 13th inst. I-Iere is
now in Forte a Pinlte freighted by Messrs. Halls for
Malvnsias. We writt ye needful of that affair via
LisR, coppy whereof went p' the Flyshingers bound
home, which we presume arrived safe, having answares
t o several (letters) we sent per said vias, but not ye
favour of any from you ; [we] presume you might
have writt us per ye Porteguize which miscarried.
E
We forbare sending a coppy of ye Me~norielof goods
we desired, having advice that said conveyance was
arrived. Said Pink proceeds direct from here to ye
Cnrtaries to joyne ye fleete there.
We have nothing more material a t present ; shal
write you ye needful per the Pinlc and remaine . . .
W. B. L% CO.
LETTER NO. 22
LISBON, 18th Dlnrch 1697.
I have had none from you to answare of a greate
while, but suppose the next Cor~arl~a Male wchis now
due wil bring me the favour.
The inclosed is from my house at ~Marleirn. They
write mee that a Pink belonging to Messrs. Ijlall was
arrived from London but noe Letter from you : those
from others gave them the first advice oi iny asrival
at Lisboqc. Letters are t o the 18th February : say
that Ad~l,iral Nevil had layne off that Island three
weekes expecting a squadron of Men of War to
joyne him in order to goe d o ~ u ~to e the West
Indies.
M' Hitchitcs writes me that M' Miles etc. h&vemade
greate complaints against my house for intercepting
their Letters, and my wife writes me the same, that
they say their Letters never came to hand wa"went
in the Dutchman whereon I embarked for l'euceira,
whereas I we1 remember that M' Wltile did receive
thein and I doubt not but were likewise forwarded for
E?bgla?td. I have written to him about it. And
further (they say) that their Letters by &I' IIaLLs
Brigantine who pot into St. ~Michaelsdid not come t o
hand, to which I cannot say any thing, but I believe
the one as much as the others whilst they have a mind
t o say any thing.
You know when I went for E+zglami, I delivered
their Letters with my owne hand and was as careful
of the111 as possible. They have declared to several
People in Moileira that when I was in England, I
reported that their house was broken, and for we''
reason you removed your Business from them to put
into my hands. I leave this t o your determination
whether you ever heard me say any such thing, or
that any other person should say that I said it, wch
is notoriously false. Therefore I request you to ask
M' Marlift whether he ever heard any such thing,
and write me a few lines in your next to Madeira. I
wil not trouble you longer with this impertinency.
I-Iere hat11 not offered any conveyance for Madeira
but a french ship who parted fourteen clays since.
I-Iere are three ships fitting out for Aftgola who call
a t our Island and load wines, whereon I embark, but
as long as I stay I shall continue t o write you and
remaine: ...
W.B.
LETTERNO. 23
LISBON, 1st A@il 1697.
I-Iere are two Posts wanting from Corz~$rha,wc"
maltes all things dul. A vessel from Na?rts (Nantes)
this last weeke in Eight days, sayd that they have
had strong South West winds wc"nay be the occasion
that the Post hath stayd soe long. I suppose I shall
hear from you p' the first.
I am very desirous t o know how you have settled
my affair with MC Gozblson, about my Gozcsigz Adagns
and what s%l Gozhlson had received for my acctL
according to the calculate which I sent you. I suppose
that I need not question but that the Three Hundred
Pounds was paid to my Gousin Bolton, of Wavwich,
according t o what you advised me some time past,
becausc of my obligation to him, as we1 as because
I Itnow he wil want it.
I sent a small Box of Succatt p' Cap" Shz~ltlervorllr
for my children at Ghelsea, we" desired you to receive
and forward t o them ; I hope [it] is long since with
you : it went under convoy of the Dover, Capn Gross,
Comander.
W. B.
LETTERNO. 24
LISBON, 15th APvil 1697.

I have now the favour of yours of the 23rd February
for W" I thank you. Am we1 pleased that you have
paid my Cousin a t Wnrraich the £300, because I believe
he might have occasion for that Mony towards the
rebuiIding of what he had burn'd in that l'owne.
Methinks tlle Lady Bawdon should be soe kind t o
repay the £160, since I have released Fer] from the
agreement. I hope shee wil not give you much trouble.
The Ril that G a p Edzwarrls gave upon M' Gharles
Peers etc. was don upon the credit of M' Tlt.ovtias
Ridge of Porlsmoutk, who is a Merchant of good reputa-
tion. Please to write him that seeing that his order
received due Complement a t iMadeira he is obligecl
for the payment of the Bil and I question not his
putting it cui~ent.
I t l ~ a n kyour supl~lyingmy Gonsin iIent$son with
kIony for defraying the Glrelsea expenses.
I note your Designe t o load IOO Pipes of wine p'
C a p Jacobs in May, and zoo Pipes pr the Fleetc on
Ga*. Parsons ant1 Frc~$in,all which wil find punctual
complyance, as we1 in my absence as if I were present,
where I hope to be in a few days, being to pass hence
this weeke for Madeira.
THE BOLTON LETTERS 7I
My abuses Inay have clone me some injury, but
cannot in any wise lessen my reputation, hut rather
the contrary, that notwithstanding such a Revolution,
no man came for ~nonyto my house that wcnt without
it, to wCbffect I an1 advised by all hands, as we1 as
what they write from my owne house.
If anything material I goe hence, shall leave a letter
to be forwarded p' next, otherwise my letter wil be
from dtadciun, where I shall Becpc you constantly
adviscd, and rcmainc .
\v. l3
LETTERNO. 25
LISBON, 26 A$ril 1697.
7'0 Bettjnf~bi%Henti~zge.
I have bcen detaytled until this day for a conveyance
to IMnrEeira ill Compy. of the Governour of At~goln,
who touched at that Island, and expect to embarle
in thc evening.
Whereas just now I received yours of the 16 feb.
with anothcr from iny father inclosed, am much con-
ccrnccl that I should be soe long postponed, becaiise
at ye same tiinc conle Letters Iroin Loftdoft of the
zGtll March, and indeeed I ltnow not but that might
have been inclinable to inalte a vizit to London, were
it not that I had advised of iny goeing to Madcirn
1)' this occasion, and bccausc it night be possible that
my prescncc would bc necessary, altho' I have a vcry
sntisiactory aceLtin this interval of the inaiiagement
of all Business.
I believe as you say that it is not probable that I
should loose any friend in Efzglafrd by the Revolution,
and to dcmonstmtc to the World my candid Proceed-
ings, I have paid here, sincc niy coliling, ~nncllabove
Thirty Thousand Crownes, wliich, when knowne a t
Madeira, wil not a little angmcnt my Ilepulation, and
the rather beci~usciherc was noe general occasioli for
passing Bills the last year : I made that noe scruple
t o mee.
I am pleased that Messrs. Halls etc. are civil and
you Itnow very we1 how zealous I am for tlie interest
of my friends : noe man takes more paines and wishet11
better succcss.
MLtIeysltn+ttwrites me that the Barbndos fleete may
touch at Madeira, but with noe certainty : (he) hat11
ordered tlic loading wines on particular shipps and
s;rys that Capn Jacobs nlay be going in May t o take
in for his acctbloo Pipes more.
Cap" Gabriel Mnriltes is here and now bound home ;
liis owner writes him to make hast, because going to
Madeira. I have writ him and ye rest p' Poste, as
well as pr this conveyance. I have not time to inlarge,
but rcinainc . . .
W. B.
LETTERNO. 26
MADEIRA, 15th May 1695
I parted from Lisbon the 28th ulto and arrived a t
this Island the 10th inst, where I have found a recep-
tion from every Body with as much fawning as 111y
expulsion was extravagant, Messrs. Miles and Ricl~bcl
only excepted, who shun ye occasion of speaking with
me.
I found three Vessels in Porte, all of whom to my
house, whereof one returns for Galway and makes this
occasion.
In our company sailed five ships belonging to the
Porteguize Contractors for Negros, who are obliged to
furnish the Sfianisl~West Illdies with Six thousa~~d
every year. I suppose you have heard of this agree-
ment : its my opinion they wil not succeed well.
I find that my house had writt for some goods
which you may please to send pc first conveyance,
but lett there be no ordinary stuffs which are not
vendible with us, nor anything else bnt what is
Isashionable, which sells with us for the best proffitt.
The staple co~nodityof Bayes, says, ICzivxs [Icerseys],
Perpetuanas will never want sale one time or other.
The Porteguize ships now in Porte may carry about
800 Pipes, besides which are three smal English vessels,
all consigned to my house ; will carry about zoo Pipes ;
and just now is come in a Sloope from Terceira with
Wheate, belongs to M' Ellolz a ~ ~Railre,
d of Bristol,
from whomc I have formerly had consignments, but
as this Master now tells me, was altered upon their
advice from this island that I was forced off, my goods
all seized upon, and my house broken up. Please to
let Mr Tlcowms Qlarke know 11ow m y circun~stances
were and are ; he is my friend and, as he corrcspo~lds
with said M* Elton, wil (I am sure) represent it to
said Gent, whereby he wil be sensible that t l ~ ePersons
that gave such advice did it upon ye acc'b of doing
me what Prejudice they could. I presume i t must
be those Persons that you inay easily suspect. God
forgive them.
Wheate sels at two and 450 Reis per Alg and the
harvest in this Island wil not be large. If a Peacc
be suddainly be concluded, it will make a strange
alteration in ye measure of Trade : ti~ncwil demon-
strate. . . .
W. B.
76 TIlE BOLTON LETTERS
LETTERNO. 27
MADEIRA, 15'h M a y 1697.
M CBenja Heming.
London.
I writ you. pr the last Cortrda Pacltett before I
parted from Lisbon, and have been arrived here five
Days.
The Governour received me with a great deale of
Friendship, and the rest of the People with abundance
of Satisfaction, soe that it is not unprobable that the
Extravagant Expulsion may in the End produce a
good Effect.
I found only three English vessels in Porte, all to
ye house : one from Cadiz with Yesso, and 1800 weight
of : belongs t o Pewsilvn?zia ;
Another from Irelavcd, with Provisions ; belongs to
Livcrl,oole ;
Another from Galway, with ditto, returnes home and
inakes this conveyance.
Here is now arived Cap" Barry with Wlteato from
Terceira ; he comes consigned to M' Miles, etc, because
they had advice from hcnce that I was expelled from
the Island, that my Effects all seized and the House
brolcen up. Cap" Raine sent by the said Co~nandera
Recornendation to my wife, or son, if upon the place,
supposeing that aoe body was left. Time wil shew
what hath done me the Injury.
I have wrote Mr Heysltn?n, Mr Hutchi+%s,M' Renell,
Messrs. IInlls, MrElto~t,Capn Raine, M' Goddard, etc.
You must excuse me for not writeing t o all friencls,
besides the conveyance not being willing to stay.
Speake to M' Heyshanc to send me a few Lines in
answare to what I desirecl him about Mr Niles etc,
who said that I reported he was brolce, which made
him alter his Business.
lam ...
W" BOLTON.
Let my father and Couein Bolton Know that I am

now in Madeira.
LBTTEI~
NO. z8
MADEIRA, zznd May 1697.
The aforegoing we confirme Coppy of our William
Boltons address vGalzwny t o which refer you.
Two days since arrived the Recovery, Capn Jolclb
Jacobs, Comander, who, having the misfortune to fall
into the hands of a french Privateer, he tooke out of
him all his goods etc. and the said Comdr redeemed
the ship for lz50.
We have yours of the 10th March by him with Bil
of Loading, and Invoice of Severals for our Acc" but
on your adventure and Risgoe which we hope you
have Insured. That was the only Letter we received
froin you by him. The Privateer carried all that he
could find, therefore we suppose he might meet with
some of yours, because you say that you would write
us further pr this conveyance.
We observe your order for the loading IOO Pipes, on
the said ship, wit11 which we shall punctually comply,
wines that wil prove good in Barbados, becanse they
are all from one vineyard, except some Pipes that are
always forced upon us by the Governours of this
Place.
W.B. & CO.
THE BOLTON LETTERS
NO. zg
LETTEI~
MADEIRA, firilib" J w e 1697.
This goes via Bnrbudos p' the Recovery, Capn J o h ~ b
Jacob Comander, on wllome we have shipped, accord-
ing to your order, one hundred pipes of wine consigned
to your good brother, h.[' Williflab Hnysl~nwz; invoice
whereof you have helein inclosed, importing 1761
150 Reis, which we place to your debitt in acctt
c~~rr't.
If the fleete for Bnrbndos touch with us, we sllal load
the wines p' Pnrso?cs etc : we wil have them in such
readiness that they shal be clispatclled in as little
time as can be expected.
We are now in wante of goods and tllerefore desire
you to send p' the first ship Madder black, Colchester
Bayes ; 5 halfe p5coloured Bockin, viz : 2 red, I blcw,
I green and I yellow ; 20, p' ICirsias red and blew ;
20 p* Perpetuanas ; 20 p"ne black sayes ; 10 p"
fashionable stuffs ; z ps black cloath, about 12 p. p'
yard ; black hose sorted, some large and fine, and
some coloured ; ten ps black ten hundreds ; and you
may make what Adicon you please to the quantity of
these sortes.
We hope ere this you have received the Bill drawne
by C a p Edwurds ; it was supplied as W.B. advised
you from L i e by Mr Thonzns Ridge, of Portsnsoutl~,
creditt, who is a Gent of good Reputation.
We desire you wil please t o forward t o our Cotfsi~z
Bollo~t,at Wavzvick, the inclosed and Pay him for our
acc" Lroo, being what he desired of us : we are obliged
t o be civil in all respects t o him, therefore please t o
Lett it be speedily done, as we now advise him.
By this conveyance goes C a p Jacobs Affidavit of
his being taken : it wil be of use t o those that have
made insurance for speedy recovery.
We are . . .
W. B. & Co.
THE BOLTON LETTERS
LETTERNo. 30.
MADEIRA, 3 Jlwe 1697.
Yesterday arrived the Skrewsbi~ryGally in whomei'~1~
I-ler~~i~lg
came Passenger ; brought us the favour of yours
of the 6th March and 7th April for wc"we thank you.
We observe what you say of all Trade in general
W"" must needs be at a stand in a greate Measure for
want of a Settlement, for whilst matters remaine
betwixt lJeacc and Wars, t'is impossible to malte a true
calculate in Business.
We observe your order t o load some wines in like
conformity as those p' C B J B~ C O; ~it is very seldom
freight can be had upon Terines that are reasonable ;
in this we wil use our diligence.
We thank you for your advice of what M' Miles
G CO write of our intercepting their Letters v"Cnlrnries
and I'erceirn : of the latter we have Mr Wl$ites Lettcr
wherin he writes that he had informed the said gent
that he received and sent them forward. Altho' WC
Itnow that you doe not believe what they have written,
we'l notwithstanding send you said M' White's Letter
for our justification, because they value not what
[they] say in their Malice t o vilifie ys.
We send this vn St. Michnels t o be forwarded by any
.
conveyance t o Lisbon, and remaine. . .
W. B. 8( Co.
F
The above is coppy of our last, since which arrived

a French ship and a Sattia with Wheate, from the
T,Vcsl~~t~,eIsla?~ds,which sels to good Proffitt : the
first loads Wine for the West I?rdies, the other makes
a trip for another Loading of corne, because the
S~iccattwil not be rcady to ship in any quantity before
Scptemher.
A Flyboat frorn Lisbon loads for Brazil and a smal
Porlrigizc ship unloading Sugers wil ~naltea voyage
for cornc.
A smal Barlce in nine weekcs from C?hrisao put into
this Road brings newes that the French fleete passed
by Jwrcnicn [supposed] for Porlobello and Cartagcna :
we wish they may doe noe mischieie to the English.
Noe ship from NW Eqlnnd nor any of those Westevfte
Colortics these three months past.
WC have mentioned in our former what goods are
at all times propper, but solnetimcs one sorte more
then another : such haberdashery as you sent, viz.
silke Buttons, are not of any expence with us, especi-
ally such old fashioned sl~oplceepers,and ordinary
stuffs which camlot sell here : they all Lye by US.
Yc rope maker was not very kind in ye cordage : it
THE BOLTON LETTER5 83
is neither very good nor we1 sorted. We have had
time to enquyre into these things, and then we give
you this accN. If at any time you send us goods
when we doe not write for them, lett them be Madder
black Colchester Bayes, Icirsies, fine black sayes, long
Ells, etc. These are staple comoditys with u s which
wil sell one time or another. We have already \mitt
to you for a sortement, viz, primn June v' Barbados,
coppy where01 went v" St. Miclzaels to be forwarded
v' Lisn. . . .
We are now, God be praised, a t the z5th, without
any alteration in Business.
Our harvest both here and in Porlo Sn~tclois very
s ~ n a:l our vintage liltewise wil be Little.
No Englisl~vessel in Poste since ye Sltrezasbl~ryGally
parted for Jnmnicn.
W. B. & Co.
LETTERNO.32
MADEIRA, 7th Az(gz1~1
1697.
We are still admiring that noe English ship appears,
from any place, nor none of the Flushingers which
have usually come in these months of July forward.
A greate quantity of St<ccalt was designed to be
made, but not lcnowing whether ships would come t o
fetch it, a greate inany of the Makers have desisted.
However, we have given Stcgars out, that if ye Dutch-
men should i ~ o come,
t we wil endeavour to get a vessel
to scnd for iIolla$td, upon our owne Acctt, provided
we have an oppertunity of writcing to Lottdon or
LisOofh, to malce Insurance.
We expect our new Governour from Lisbon in all
this month, soe that shall have an oppertunity of
writeing you what may happen. Indeed our expecta-
tion is of a fleete with the Governour of Barbados,
because iloe stragling ship comes out, but still we may
be mistalten otherwise we are concluded that because
neither English nor Dutch appear, a Peace ]nay be
.
expected;and yet this is only conjecture. . .
If ally ship falls in with us where freight can be had,
shall follow your order, and relnaine
W. B. & C".
TIlE BOLTON LETTERS
LETTER'/NO.33
MADEIRA, 14th September 1697.
We writ you va Gadiz under the zznd and 25th July,
coppy wllereof va Lisa with adition of 7th ultimo.
This goes Terceira to be forwarded by any convey-
ance, and if it chance to reach your hands Before any
other, you wil Itnow that the Fleetc under Comand
of C a p Sin~olts put into this Road and stay'd four
days, in which time we loaded one hundred Pipes of
wine on borde the Moreruoodc, Cap" Willinl~tParso?ls,
coinander, for acctt of your good Selfe and Brothers.
They sayled the zncl currtt, being Ghat came out of
E?bgla?zdwith those that joylied them in Irelnad, in all
25 sayle, whereof 5 are Me11 of Warr.
We sllall be glad to hear that Capn Edwards hath
paid thc Bill, altho' we cannot apprehend any thing
worse then the Trouble and disappointment, because
as we have formerly advised that we supplied him by
Vertue of BIr Tlhomas Ridges Credit. Messrs Iiackslzazu,
& Go advise that you cannot get the Mony of M'
Gollier for the Bill wChthey enclorsed ; please to use
all necessary diligcncc that we Inay not loose that
Mony ; delays may be dangerous.
We are wanting of a sortlnent of black Bays, Snys,
long Elles, according to the list already sent you.
With due respects .. .
W. B. & C".
LETTERNO. 34
MADEIRA, 1811t October 1697.
The aforegoing is coppy of our last. This goes p'
a smal Snow of Fl,~tshirtg,who came directly, [and]
brings us advice of the great Prospect of Peace, the
Truth whereof we shal be glad to be informed, not
doubting but that it may have a great influence upon
Trade, but ~vhichway and the consequence therof
time will show.
God grant that all things may be for the best.
Inclosed we send you Invoice of zwiltes loaden pc the
Morewood, Capn. PViVillia??~
Parsons, Comander, import-
ing 1808~680reis, which we place to your debett in
Acctt currtc.
We supplyed ihe Comander to the value of
L24, 03, oo, for which he haih given us his Bills
upon your good sclfe, and goes inclosed in the
List.
Your Brother writ us v" New Yorke under the
20th of June, that Uap Jacobs was again unfortunately
taken by a Snow, the 15th Ditto, near Barbados, the
newes thereof was brought them by a Sloope then in
Company, who made his escape.
We are very sorry for his misfortune, because the
whes were pertic~daslygood. As your Brother writes,
those were that wee loaded last year p' ditto Jacobs
and Williancs, whereas abuttdance of wines have turned
vinegar, especially ol our friend M' Miles shipping.
I t is a sufficient sattisfaction to us because lie writes
in thcse wordes.
Our ship Willinm, Capn Fyjeld, Coinander, arrived
here the z ~ s tultO--with 170 Mojs of Wl~entefroin
St. Micltaels, which is now worth 400 reis and is like
to continue a good comodity. We have sent him to
nlalte another voyage to Tcrceira, besides two Ber-
nwdas Briggantines wlticlt may bring upwards of
300 Mojs, wherein we are concerned above 8 parts :
they cannot be long wanting.
I-Iere is now in Porte a French ship from S' Michaels
with Wlzeale : will be dispatched in a little Time for
Liz*, by whoine we pass our Bills for this yeares
Negotiations. We hope you have or will remitt what
we are to value our Selves upon your Acc".
A Swede ship from iIambourg1~with Pi$estaves,
Iron, Deales, etc. is now designed to load corne at
St. Michaels, and a French Satia talcing in Sziccalt
and Sugars for Marsillia, are what remaine in Porte.
The vintage is over in this Island, wllich is very
smal and less then ever was lcnowne in any one year.
The weather ltath beeii very good for making the wine,
soe that altho' it may be little, it may not be bad,
which is a greate satisfaction to us.
In the year 1694, we supplyed M' Drax Shalterde~z
L12 upon M' Barwicks recomendation ; said Mr
Shntteuden gave us his Bill upon Mr Antlbony Wallingev
at ten dayes sight : we sent it to MCEdzwards Adat>zs,
but being protested was never sent forward to Barbados
nor to us, soe that it must be amongst s%M' Adants
Papers, or else in the hands of M' Iiozaard, Publick
Notary. Please to enquire for it, that we may not
loose the mony, that we lent without any consideration.
M' Barwick in honour without doubt will take care
of it.
Please to send me some Hoojes upon my owne acctL,
whene freight is to be had clieape, for they are a
coinodity that wil neither pay advancc nor noellii~~g
else ; only to trim our casks that they may goe aborde
well conditioned.
Send noe more butter or cheese, nor any ilaberdasltery
of any sorte : it dot11 not scll here.
.
Kiss your hands and are . .
W. B. & 8.
TIlE BOLTON LETTERS
LETTERNO. 35
MADEIRA, 30th Novemb', 1697.
We have yours of the 18th August pr the Essex,
Capn. Foster, Cornancl', with Bill of Loading and
Invoice of sundry goods which arc now landed.
Please to note that in several of ours we have hinted
to you that ilaberdnsltery will not sell with us for any
thing. We have stil by us the B i ~ t l o ~YOU
~ s sent last
year and wonder you should send us any more : we
must be forced t o send them downe to the West I+rdies.
Three dayes since arrived the Slirewsbitry Gally in
eight dayes fro E,~cglla.iid,pc whome we are favoured
with yours of the 9th October : [we] observe that you
had freighted a Pink for zoo Pipes, noting your order
for making Provision. We see what goods you had
loaded upon her which we had rather had not been,
for if you please t o observe what we writt you about
ye Butter and cheese pc Willinms, you may conclude
that we never made one halfe of the prinie cost, there-
fore wonder wliy you send us any more, which is just
soe much throwne away.
In ours of the zr" last month, we desired you t o
send us some Iioofies for our owne accompt, in some
vessel where freight would cost little, because it is no
comodity to sell, but for trimming our caslts when
they goc aborde ship for their better security. We
find you have loaden 30 Mil on the Pink which you
send us, but if we pay any more then the first cost
we cannot receive them. You may please to be
referred to what we writt you under ye 15th May, and
zznd July, that what goods were fitting to send must
be Madder Blacl6 Colchester Bnyes, Icirsies, fine black
Sayes, long Ells, etc., and not Bt~ttevand cheese and
lcoopes and ilnberdashery and such like Trash, which
Masters of ships bring freight free and sell for little or
nothing.
We thanlce your care of W. R-hildren and yc
Punctuality in writing Esq. Boltoqt about the LIOO :
[we] suppose it is paid. Are sorry his quarter cask of
zuilze should prove bad : it was the little care aborde
or ill management of the Comander. We shal send
him another p' Cap" Foster.
This conveyance being, as we suppose, v" Cacliz,
[we] must refer you to our next, wherin we shal be
inore perticular, and remaine . ..
W. R. & CO.
TI-IE BOLTON LETTERS
LETTERNO. 36
MADEIRA, 7 December, 1697.
A foregoing coppy is our address p' a Tartane of
Cadiz.
A Ketch froin Lisbon put into this Road with hard
blowing winds bound for R o a f ~[Rouen ?] makes this
conveyance.
The Slz~ewsbrcryGally is sailed for Jatlmica. A ship
of New E?~,glandbound with 150 Pipes for Bnrbados
and where can find a Markett.
A ship of Bristol, Go Pipes for Jasinica ;
A ship with 60 Pipes for Bosto?~;
A Brigantine, of Bcrnztdas, 150 Pipes for Cftrisao
and Jamnicn ;
A Sloope, froin Nevis, about 45 Pipes, returned ;
A Brigantine, Go Pipes for Antiglta ;
A Pinlc, IOO Pipes for Jan~aica;
A Briganteen, 70 Pipes for Bostola ;
All these are sailed in Seventeen dayes past, which
coming together and the Newes of peace have put
these People into such a ferment that they know not
W' to aslte for the few old miqzes what are left, and
besides, a large Porteguize coming to loacl, they buy
at any price.
Two dayes past, arrived a Sloope from Bristol. We
have a letter of the Iuth November in answare to ours
of the 18th October w" went by a Flrrskirtgeu, a Snow,
and in the same that we mention in the front of the
coppy on the other side, soe that the Bills we then
sent you, are without question come to hand.
We arc at the 16th.
The 9th cun'', was cast away our Ship Willianc wit11
some corne in her. We shal have a Loss, altho' we
have maclc insurance at Lisbotc, but knowe not how it
will stand.
We arc .. .
W. B. & 0.
LETTERNO. 37.
MADEIRA, z ~ s lXber 1697.
We are favoured with yours of the 2 & 8 ultiino,
p' the Pink Dove, Cap" IIe?zry Gravener, Comander,
with Bil of Loading and Invoice of Sundry Merchz"
upon your Risgoe for our Accompt.
In several past to M' R. I-I. [Robert IIeyslmmn] we
have complained oE your sending us si~ch Species
that neither are nor ever werc vcndable in this Island,
pe~ticularlyBl~ttmrs,Silke or any manner of I-laber-
dasl~ery. We noted to you that almost all the Blctter
and Cheese pr Willinm~zswas lost, and now you have
sent us more, when the West Illrlia Fleete hath supply'd
this place with more then enougl~: besides ; every day,
now it is Pcace, the little Irish Men wil be continually
dropping in and they alone wil furnish this placc
upon such Tcrmcs that it cannot be brought froin
E?tgln~zd.
And now as to the iIoo$es we desired might be sent
upon our owne Acett, when ITreight can be had upon
easy Termes, our Country itself affords us Hoopes
enough, except for the better triming our Casks when
we ship them off. We could buy what we pleased in
ye last fleete for gXreisp' Mil Butt Roofies : therefore
you may judge what we can doe with these. We are
very desirous to accomodate your interest when we
can give the preference, but this is what we have
perticularly mentioned in our former, in severals,
therefore refer it t o you : it never was the Custom in
Peaceable Times to pay any freight in ships that come
t o load with us.
We observe your agreement with M' illenattd~r
Caintes for freight of 40 Pipes, that the Colnander hath
liberty t o load Ten Pipes, and the remainder to com-
plete the full Loading upon your joynt Acc't. We
shal comply with all your Orders in Time.
You did we1 to mention in ye Charterparty Ten
working days, because in Twelve days t o come wehave
but three working days, and there wil be but little
done in them : our Iloly Days are many Inore then
in the English Callendar and, with these people, arc
observed with more respect then the Sonday.
We are now at the 25th c u r r a T h e weather hat11
been soe bad since the aforegoing date that noe Boates
could worke the wind a t South ; yesterday morning
it veered westerly, with which Capp" Graveuev and
two others put to sea, being a small ship froin N e w
Englatid, and a Porteguize flyboate bound to Pernnm-
bzica, leayeing a Swede bound to ilanzbo~~rglz,who
makes this conveyance, and is too light to bare sails.
Last night canle t o Anchor in this Road a ship
supposed t o be the &fury, of Bristol, Cappn WmRni?te,
from Terceira. The weather not pern~ittingany Boate
goe off, we shal write you what occurrs until the Swede
sailes hence : we presume he wil touc11 in E?bgland, it
being almost improbable that thc Eibe should be open
at illis time of ye Year.
We are now at the 30th curr'!.
This morning a smal Barlte is come to anchor who
put out with the Pink, and now a vessel appears in the
offing, wcL we believe to be shee.
The weather stil continues dirty but not violent.
The ship supposed to be CappnRailbe is from Bosto?~.
We are now at the priino January 1698.
May you have many happy Newyears besides this
present.
The Pink came that night into the Road without
anchoring, the wind blowing hard, and, at the same
time, arrived the said Cappn Rnitte with wkeote from
Terceira, who noe sooner came to Anchor but was
forced out with tempestuous weather, with all the
Rest. As yet, this morning, noe vessel in sight.
Fair weather and wind Northerly and now we are in
hopes of a Settlement.
We are at the 8th January 1698.
The shipps are returned ; we have all the goods on
shore from ye Pink except about IOO Bundles of
Hoo$es. Wave 30 Pipes aborde, and if ye weather
doth not hinder, the dispatch wil not be long.
The 5th currLbarrived the Diligettce, of Lo?cdo?t.
Cappn J o s e j l ~ Seywel; brought us yours of the
zz November. [We] observe that all our Bils were
accepted, except that of Cappn Willialns on M' Scott
-the matter is not much ; [also] that you had paid
Mr"emn$so?t L40 on the cl~ildrensAcct: and remitted
1800" Reis to Lisbon, for wC"we thank you.
Messrs. Halls sent us some goods, and as we desired
some Hoo$es, they sent us zoo Bundles, and as they
freighted the ship, charge us noe freight, because they
pay none.
We arc . . .
W. X. & C O .
Yours oi ye 19th instant I have received, by which

I understand My Couzin Bollo?rs are in good health.
God continew it to them all.
You may be pleased t o receive by Sta?rdish the
waggoner, who fims (?) a t ye Savase,~s Head on Stiotv
I f i l l , and will be there on Friday next in ye After-
noone, a chine of bacon with a Cake and Cheese in
a Rind and another Cheese directed for yon, which
pray accept with my thanks for all the trouble I
have given you ; and hope will come safe to your
hands. Ye cheese is of ye best sort wee make in
this county, and hope will prove to your satisfaction,
and give me a line or 2 of ye receipt by first opertunetie.
Carriage is paid.
Your humble Servant to Command
Wm BOLTON.
LETTERNO. 39
MADEIRA, 5th Feby 1Gg8.
Our last was zrst Decembr past continued by sundry
additions t o the 8th January, to which we refer you,
since which we dispatched Cappn Grauener with
176 Pipes for your acct" and 40 Pipes which you
had freighted to MC.Car?tess.
Herc is since arrived the Pidelin, Cappn. Rogers,
from L o ~ ~ d o bound
it t o Madagascar.
a Sloope from l r e l a ~ ~ rwith
l BeeJe, bound t o
Jamaica ;
the Excha~rgo, Capp" Skues, from L o ~ t d o ~fort Cape
de Vevde and Barbados ;
the Ha$$y Relicnre, from Loildoib, CappnLa?vrelrce,
Comander, for Alrtiglra ;
the Colttent, Cappn Cli$$erloit, from Lo)tduit, for
Jansaica.
an Iris11 man from N a ~ r t s ,bound t o Janraica-we
say Barbados.
If Ships continue t o come in this tnanner, we shnl
not buy wine a t any price, and in a little tinle [there]
wil be none t o be bought. The lowest price hatll
been 20". ashoare a long tiinc and will be clearer.
We have none from you in any of the above
mentioned ships, this, for advice, via Barbados.
Kiss your llands and are . . .
\V. BOL'I'ON.
THE BOLTON LETTERS
LETTER NO. 40
MADEIRA, 16 Feby. 1698.
We confirme the aforegoing, since which arrived
the Edward and Saralt, Cappn Lock, from London,
t o load for Jamaica, but noe Lines from you. This
goes in a Dutchman V* Snflia, which may chance t o
reach your hands.
Please t o tell M' IIzttchi?rs that we received pr
Capp" Clifificrton and Laz~rettce,which shal answare
pc first conveyance.
Just now arrived the Now E~ckatzge Pink, from
Terceira.
We lcindly salute you and are . . .
W. B. Pr Co.
Since thc abovc, nrived the Plterri.~.,Capp" Jeferys,

Com:mcler, b u t lloile from you.
This goes by a smal Irish vessel bound to l'ei'ceirn,
thence to Coike, being an indircct Conveyance. Shall
not write you largely, because shee is t o depait upon
an instant time.
IIercwith we send you Invoice of Wines loaden p'
2 0 $vc" w e
the DOVEPink, amoniltii~gt o 4 1 3 ~ ~ ~ 9 rcas,
placc to your clcl~et.
We are . . .
$V. 13. C*.
THE BOLTON LETTERS
LETTERNO. 42
MADEIRA, 13lh Marcli 1698.
To M. Tobias Bowles
and M'. Isaac Ilickesies.
Inclosed you have Invoice of the Sixty Pipes of
old wines laden per the Bl~rnder,FrigtL, Capn Jolbn
Jeffery, comand: for Uavbados, importing wiih Port
charges and other disbnrsemcnts r3gzUgzo Reas, for
wliich we debet you it1 accLtcurrtL.
We credit you for six barrels of heirings, which we
took aslioare from ye Ship which began t o decay
atid sold at 4"750 reas pr Barrel: ~nalccs ~ 8 ~ 5 0 0 .
The Ballance due to us : 1364 420 reas, please t o
lurnish us in the Ilands of Messrs. Hacltshaw, Gulston &
Foster, Merchants in Lisbotc, on whom we value our-
seIves for said Sum, the Exchange being much in
your favour. We chuse rather to doe it this way then
t o draw directly upon you for England, which would
be much t o your Loss.
We shall ICcep you advised of what occurs in this
place and Remaine . . .
W. B. & COMP.
IOZ THE BOLTON LETTERS
LETTERNO. 43
MADEIRA, 25 March 1698.
The above confirme coppy of our last which went
v' IreJaild ; this goes va Barbados.
Please t o advise M' Lafithorne, t o whom we doe
not write p' this conveyance, that the Fortuae, of
Plymortth, Cappn Charles Bliglr, Comander, for Cope
de Verde, coming in sight of this Island were chased
by a ship in sight of this Place, as they say, and left
their ship : the Comandcr is gono Passenger for New
Engla?cd to gett home and the mcn distributed in
other ships.
We are . . .
W. B. & C O .
To M. Tobias Bowles
M. Isaac ICiclcesics.
A few days past sailed the /nitl?firl, of Plyt)zorrtlr,
Cap" Joltbt Salmo~c, Commdr, loads 60 Pipes, for
A.trtig~ra,and the 17th curs" the Poslilio~c,of Lo~tdo~t,
Capp" J o h ? ~IInycs, comandcr, with 70 pipes for
Ilnrbatlos.
Noe English vessel in Portc.
Our Spring is very Seasonable, which gives us hopes
of a plentiful vintage this ycar, wherin we mny be
serviceable t o your good sclvcs or friends.
Pleasc t o dispose of
Your nlost humb. ScrvLS.
W. 13. FL COhZ1'.
OFF DOVEII, Mo?tday, 23 May (old style) 1698.

I parted from Madeira ninth of May, new style,
in ye Brigantine ffajbjby Retrince, Capn Williant Ester-
soft, Comander, and am, God be praised, off Dover.
If the wind bc favoumble, intend to gow up in the
vessel.
We met six Spanis11 Galleons liorneward, off S'
Mauies. They were in all 15 Saile, wherof one sunk
a t sea, called the Nnznrcno.
Yesterday we spake with the Ujbton Gally from
the Streights, bound to Havre rle Grace.
Iam . . .
Whf. B.
LETTERNO. 46
MADEIRA, Jztne 1698.
The zGth ultimo sailed hence Lvcy, Capp" David
Urekolt with 250 Pipes of wine ; the Brita?utia, of
London, Capn Heltvy Martin, 150 Pipes ; ye Dol@hin
Pinke, Capp" Joht Dawson, 140 ; all for Barbados.
Great quantitys of wines gon downe to the West
Ilstlies, pcrticularly that Island [Barbados].
This gocs by a smal Barke v' TI~etfierije,which we
have loaded with Sugers leaves.
In Poste, 2 French Barks : one for ditto Island,
with a smal quantity of Sugers ; the other direct
for St. Mallos ; and a Portegues belonging to this
Island from Amsterdattc, with dry goods ; its reported
is bound for the coast of Bnvbary.
Oue weather is very seasonable, gives us hopes of
a Plentifull vintage, which God grant for encourage-
ment.
Wheat : that of Terceira at 400 ss, p' AlgrV St
Michaels 350 rs ; boath sells very slowly, the people
being in great expectation of plenty from the peace.
Our W.B. imbarlced the 9th ultimo for E?cglnltd,
t o whom shal refer you for what may relate to business
not having time to enlarge.
..
Kiss your hands and are .
W. R,.& Co.
LETTERNO. 47
MADEIRA, 17 July 1698.
The qL'l currtt, put in here the Govr of Bnrbndos
and Gov' of St. Cl~~ystopher, in all four incn of Warr.
The day following, put in here the Gov' of Benttzrdas.
Thcy stayed here eight dayes : carried about 40 Pipes
of wine, thc greatest part of which WC loaded.
Since the date of the coppy [of our last letter] havc
had noe English vessel here to load, until the above
mentioned, who left in port a smal Briganteen, which
we have dispatched with Go pipes, for New Yorke.
[It] leaves in port a Dutch vessel bound to the Westerfz
Islands, and a Porteguez for ditto. This goes by a
Dutch ship, pnl in herc lasl froin the Cn?zaries, now
bound for Lis".
I-Iere is lilcewise s slnal Barlcc bound to thc Wcslev+t
Islnvtds for corno : its now a t 400 p' Alg'; that of
Terceira, and St. Mic?reals 350 rs. There is no want
of corne in this Island : the above mentionecl brought
280 Mojs besides what was upon the Island before ;
wil be sufficant untel ncw corn comes in this Island,
and Porto Sal~togave considerable this year.
In the coppy, we gave you advice that we had a
great prospect of a plentiful1 vintage, and the weather
very seasonable, whereas about the middle of the last
month, we had great raines, so that what grapes
it found in blossom were carried away, which were
noe smal quantity, [so] that now it is generally reported
that it wil be as smal, if not smaller then the last
vintage, which did not exceed above l~alfethe quantity
of other years. Wines arc at 22 M reis and upwards
put a bordc. Some, we lcnow, have ben loaded at'
23 m. and 24 mrs, but we have not exceeded the
former price.
We are . . .
W. B. & Co.
THE BOLTON LETTERS
I,ETTERNO. 48
MADEIRA, 4th Septetttbev 1698.
Please to note that the Sanbztel nrtd Elizabeth Cappn.
.Joltn Roach, put in llcre ancl loaclcd 40 Pipes for
A?ztigzm :
the Charles, Brigantine, Capp" Willia??~Sare,
40 Pipes for Barbados.
the LoyaZ Coddriltgto~t,a Brigantine, 40 Pipes for
A?cligtcn.
the Beckjord, Gally, Capp" J o k ~ t Harris, about
10 Pipes of Wiuc and Bral~clyfor the Coast of
Gzcigtea.
All these c:nnc from Lo?tdofr, but not the favour
of any from you.
A Frencli Vessel, ten Pipes of wine. These are
all tile wines that liavc been loaded since the coppys.
We are daily more seilsible of the smalncss of our
vintage : [it] does not exceed above one halIe of the
last, and that not ilalfe so bigg as has been of some
yeares. Winos ge~ierallyloaded abonle at 23 M. and
upwarcls per Pipe aborde and will be dearcr if many
ships colno to load.
Here is plenty of conic : this Island and Porlo
Santo Gave consiclerably this year and several Vessels
gone to the Wester?&Islands to load for this Place ;
if [they] come full, will bring near one Tliousand
I\.Ioj\ I t now governs at 250 and 350, the old ; the
new as yett has no price.
The 1st curr" put in here a Scotch ship of 50 Guns
and 300 Men ; a Pink 'render, in her compy. [They]
came out from Ede)sbot~rgltin company of four more
of the same Force. They say they are bound t o
the Coast of Gz~inen,but 'tis our opinion 'tis for the
East Indies.
Just now came to Anchor a smal English ICctch,
from Lis", freights by Porteguize ; brings oyle and
salt ; will load Succatt for iIolln?$d.
We are, God be praised, at the 8th currtt. Little
alteration. A small vessel from Nezel-Yorke, with
Pipcstaves : io rcturne, will load about Go Pipes of
wine.
We are daily expecting our W.B. from Efigland.
We are. ..
W. B, & Co.
110 TISE BOLTON LETTERS
[" W. B.," who was expected daily at Madeira,

was still in London : on the first of October, a few
days before sailing for Madeira, he wrote the following
letter to Robert Heysltaor :]
LETTERNO. 49
LONDON, $vo Oclober 1698.
I leave in your hands the Deed of my Cousins
Settlement of his Estate.
I leavc likewise a Parchment Instrument or Dis-
charge, both sealed up, we" request you to
secure.
I desire you wil, with wllnt Brevity possible, buy
me a Chariott and scnd my cousin, a t Warwick, accord-
iug as he shall dircct, and iI possible to buy him a
pair of Coach Nags-unless he writes you that he
himself wil buy them in the country : in such case,
please t o furnish him with 40 or £50 ; wC"effect I now
write him, who wil advise you the needfull, we''way
to procecd.
I suppose before I reach Madeira, my house wil
have clrawne their Bils for Lisbo~cand not knowing
what occasion they have nor to what value, I have
addressed M"' Ilnclzslta~~, I'oslev 6. C O P Uto~ honour
the Bills, and when due they may draw on you, or
upon Notice of the Bills being come to hand, you wil
supply the Deficiency. Please t o write a fern lines
a t foote of my Letter to that effect.
Iam . . .
W. B.
Please to pay my Apothecary Mr. Asgils IViddow.
W. B.
IIZ TIIE BOLTON LETTERS
I,ETTERNo. 50
MADEIIIA, 6th Oclobev 1698,
This goes v" At,tsteudnv~,p' a Icetch mentioned in
ye coppy : carries zoo chests of Sticcalt.
The 20th ult'"", sailed hence the IJolpl~ittPink with
50 Pipes for Neuis : in his Comp-the Mahittobel,
Capp" Johtr Milke, 100 Pipes for Unvbados.
The 4th curst', sailed hence a Brigantine, from
Tcvccira with wheate, loaded 50 [Pipes for] Uostow.
These are all that have been loaded since the coppy.
Our vintage is now almost over and is the smallest
that ever us knowne, not halfe so bigg as the last yeares.
The weather has been indil'ferently seasonable. God
grant the wines may be good : the old now at 24 M.
Reas p' Pipe aborde, and if many shipps come to
load will rise in price.
We are howerly expecting our W.B. from England
. . . and remain . . .
W. B. Pr CD.
C' Onr W.B." was sailing that very day fro111
London.]
LETTER NO. 51
WARWICI<, the 8th oJ 1698.
I received a Lettcr on Thursday last f r o ~ nCoz.
William Bolton, dated the 4"' instant, by web I under-
stand hee desines on Wednesday last to goe on Ship-
bord the Rrcssell for the Maideras. I pray God send
him safe t o his desired port wch satisfaction to him
selfe.
I-Iee did ask me to write to you by the first post
that when ye Charriott is finished, wch he is pleased
t o present my Sister Benr~joywith, you will be pleased
t o give me some notice and I will take care how t o
send for it by TV. Stntrdislt, ye waggoner, or RothwelE,
ye Carrier ; and for ye horses, hee leaves it t o lnec
cither t o buy tlle~nthere, or here. I doe thinke this
the proper place, because of our faires and Marketts,
wee have very frequent here, and will save you a
great trouble.
If you would doe me ye faivour as to pay the
t o my order, we" is in my Coz. letter, shall givo you
noe further trouble.
I would know if Coz. Bolton ordered any harness
for ye horses. If not, I must intreat you t o buy some
and send with ye Charriott, and I will allow it out of
yo &0, for wee have noe such things to be bought,
H
and co~~sequently you will have tllem with you cheaper
ancl better.
Sir, I should have been very glad to have seenc you
in these parts, as you came fro111 Lnlrcnsleu, WC'I IIIY
Coz, gave mee grcate I-lopes of being acquainted with
you, W'" I-Iopcs I may have yo I-Iappiness hereafter.
Pray you Answare to him who is and remaines,
Sir, Your I-Iumble Servant to Command,
W". BOLTON.
THE BOLTON LETTERS
~.ETTER NO. 52
DEALE, 8tlt Octobeu 1698.
I am just now got into the Downes, the wind at
North, and have noe inore time then to tel you that
I borrowed four Guineas of Mr. John Hill, wC"I desire
you to pay him.
Wish you Prosperity and am ...
Wht. BOLTON.
1-ETTERNO. 53
DOVER, 12 Oct. ~Ggt?.
I addressed a few Lines from Denle, on Satterdny

past, since we"we have had blowing weatller from
the West, South West t o the North West, and were
forced t o bear up to this place, where we anchored
last night. If the wind conles Inore Northerly, shall
saile hence ; if more westerly, returne into theDownes.
It is now a t West North West and North West by
West : too much wind to beate in ye Cl~annel.
Perusing the Invoices of Goods, I find you have not
charged the Camblct Cloak, if you shipped i t ; if
you have not done it, please t o buy some of the best
fine haire Camblctt and lett it be made and sent
mee, Lined with a fine blew Rattine ; and if possible
t o send it lnee hither or Deale, according as we move,
it being for our Governour who wil take it ill that
I doe not bring it, and I would not willingly goe with-
mt it, unless the wind conles fair.
Give my service t o all friends,
Kiss yr hands and am .. .
W. B.
LETTERNO. 54
MADEIRA, 24th October 1698.
This goes p' a Dutch vessel for Rolterdan$ ; loaded
sugers, Dry and Wett Succatt and some Urzella
Leaves.
In Porte, a smal French vessel for Lisn, and the
Cafipt). Say, for Iudia : loads about sixty
Bt~ckh~rrst,
Pipes of wine.
Wheate is the same price as above : 'lis in our
opinion that it wil be a good comodity bef3re March
next.
We have had several vessels from Lot~dolasincc our
W.B. imbarked, but not the favour of a Line from
you : we are now hourly expecting his retume.
Icisse your hands and remaine . . .
W. B. & CO.
LETTER NO. 55
MADEIRA, 14th November 1698.
The 10th cusrtl arrived our Williaftt Boltott, God be
praised I*
Your Cabinet Malcer was not soe careful as he ought
to be : he hat11 not sent the Lcgs of the Rcd Stands,
nor the Top of ye Red Glass, nor the I<cy of the Inlaid
Scriptore. The Key of the Japan'd was fastened to
the Ring of the Lock, but we cannot find the other.
These are omissions that he ought to know, and the
things bcing for the Govertlour gives us the greater
Concerne.
We are at the 17th currtt and now remit you in our
owne Bills IOO M. reis on M. Charles Middleton at
thirty days sight, as ye Exchange wil come from
Lisbon, in this present Month of Noven~ber,wChsum
is in part of ye Payment for roo Pipcs of wine laden
in borde the Mnltittnbel, Cappn Milke, Comander :
it may be presumed wil meete with curr" payment
because whereas we might draw, by vertue of Agreem'
between W. B. and said M' Middletogt for one halfe
of ye Cost of said Wines and charges, we have, for ye
Accomodation of the Concerned, valued our Selves for
much less, and to take the rest of our payment in
* This lottcr is in IVillinsl Bo1lor~'sown handwriting.
THE BOLTON LETTERS 11'3
Iron and Iron I-Ioopes, \vch wil lye upon our hands for
a dilatory Sale. When we gave this incouragment, it
was before had Notice of tlle Slnall Vintage, and yet,
that there may be noe cleinur in our Bills, we have done
as mentioned.
We are now, God be praised, at the 19th curre.
Three days since, Cappn Tro7uarrl put out of the
Roacl, the wind being fresh : he llath on borde 28 Pipes
of wine for yours and Brother's Acc", W'" we intend
to make up 50, according to your order, atid the rather
because this ship wil not carry above one l~undrerl
Pipes in the Whole.
This goes v" Lis4 by a irench Satia W"' came fronl
Terceira with Wheate. [It] leaves no vessel in Porte
but a Porteguize ship \vCh came likewise with Wheate
froin said Island, but with IOO Mojs dead freigl~ted
for want of Lycence to lade more, the Islands of
St. Miclrnels and St. Maries haveing failed much this
year. We have some old corne stil by us, we'l sels a t
350' pr Alg'" the new wil not goe less then 400 reas.
We have the greatest quantity, in one and the other
near 300 Mojs.
The Gent that desired the Cabinets did not rightly
informe me: he would have had both Japanned.
Am therefore importuned by him to bespeake another
of ye exact Dimensions of this, W" please to send p'
first ship, with the Legs for ye stands and glasses of
the same Colours and dimensions as the other.
THE BOLTON LETTERS
We are at ye ~ 1 s t . Capp" Trownrd not yet returned.
We have acquainted hZr Hzctchi~zs and Messrs. Wall
how all ye English are Prisoners a t large, of R long
time, n11d that now our Judge hat11 given orders for
apprehending us again, for wCtlreason we all abscond,
that we may have the Liberty of writeing but expect
to be clapped up a t our first going abroad, and only
for not giveing Bills of Exchange for the Icing3 Mony,
wch they would oblige us to receive ; And if you doe
not get us some relief by complaining by Petition to
the Icing and Counsel, or to ye Lords Co~nissionersof
Trade, we must be always abused when we may have
redress.
We have addressed our Envoy and Consul at Lisbo?t
and stated our Case, but expect little from thence
unless some order goes from England.
The weather is bad.
.
We arc . .
W. B, ec ca.
THE BOLTON LETTERS
LETTER No. 5G
MADEIRA, 12th December 1698.
The 29th ultimo, sailed Cappn. Trotward for Baulrados.
We completed the 50 Pipes aborde him : freight fifteen
shillings, currtt Mony of Barbados, per Pipe. Inclosed
you have Invoice importing r1gz0 ggo rcas, for which
we debett your in Acc'Xurr".
We opened the inlaid Scriptore, taking off the Lock,
where we forrnd the Leggs of the Red Stands and head
of the Glass, but could not find the key.
We are further engaged for two Scriptores inlaid of
the same as that which we liave and that they be
exact fellows ; (Two Paire of Stands and looking
glasses of the same as the other ;
Six yards of fine Scarlett Cloth ;
Six Caine Chairs like those pPCappn Trozanrd ;
Seven yards and an llalfe of Ribbon, Scarlett, and
Seven Yards of Sea Green, of the Bredth that is in
use ;
Onc Comocle of the same Goodness as W. B. carried,
whicll M' Barllelt procured when he lodged in Crown
Court, in Broad Street ;
A parcel of llaire Broomes, Brushes and Scrubbers.
Send likewise a Cloclc t o stand upon a Table, that
hat11 hot11 Hourcs, Minutes and Seconds, and Dayes
of tlle Month ; that strikes the quart" as well as
Houres, when it is pulled with a String ; and if there
be any that are made with a cllaine instead of Catts
Gutt that windes up, it is noe matter whether it is
made of Tortoise Shell or Olive wood inlaid : we
would have it with what curiositys may be.
Send likewise a Handsome Pendulum Watch ; both
Clock and Watcli arc for the Governour : doe not
forget the Clock.
We are, etc.,
W. B. & Co.
LEITER NO. 57
MADEIRA 24th Dccen~ber, 1698.
That on the other side is coppy of our last p' the
Barke Friendshi$, Cappn Tlto~nasBttvwash, Comander.
I-Iere is since put in from cruising, the Ex$eyi*ttott,
Man of Warr, intends for the Catcaries by whome this
goes.
We are ...
W. B. & C".
LETTERNO. 58
MADEIRA, 8th January 1699.
I-Iere is now put into Poste a smal french ship from
Tlre?rerve bound to Dunkerke.
The zGth ultimo came off this Road Ad?niual
Bed~ow,*with four Men of Warr bound i o the West
I d . I-Ie sent his Pinnace ashore but would not
stay for Wines or any Refreshments ; sayled the same
night. In his company, came a Pink, staid a few
days. On borde her was MP IIalley, the Mathe-
matician, bound to the coast of Brazil and to the
Southward of ye Cafie ; his rlesigne is to observe the
variation of ye Compass.
The friendship, Sloope, of Corke, Cappn Richar~ls,
Cornander, is come up from Bnrbados t o lade wiries
for that Island.
Mr Willinn$ lieyshnnc, your Brother, writes under
thc 14th Novemb, that he had bought Cappn Wilks
wine, who we recotnended to him at L7 5, o. p. Pipe.
aborde ; and that the said Cappn Wilke was ileare
half laden for Londoa. The ship belongs to M'
Cltarles Middleto?$6. Comp*.
* Arlrniral Bcnbow was appointed, in 1697.Commandor-in-Chief
of the Icing's Ships in tha West Indios, with spccini ordars to hunt
down tho piratcs.
IJlease to send us twenty y . of Nuns Serges. You

]nay bespeake them of Mr Wood, a Tucker in Exetcv ;
they must be very darke and fine : saicl Mr Wood
knowes the sorte.
We wisll you an happy Newyear and remaine. . . ,
W. B. & e.
LETTERNO. 59.
MADEIRA, 4 F e b . 1699.
The above confirme Coppy of our last, since we"
we have yours of the 7th and 8th November, p. the
Judith Alt?~,Cappn Richard Allelr, Comander, freighted
to the Wcsterfhe Islands for wheate on yours, Mr
Ht~tclbinsand our Acctb.
You have long before this a certainty that there is
noe Corne to be had in any of those Islands. In ours
of the 6th of October, we wrote you that there was
then in Portc five Saile unladeing about 550 Mojs,
that there still relnainecl a ship that would bring
250 Mojs and the I-Iarvest in these Parts was Extreame
Small this year. Now this Letter being with you
solntirne before the Dispatch of the pink, it: would
have been very we1 t o have made some condition in
case Corne could not be had, but the vessel coming
here after ;r long Passage, and we I<nowing that
because the Harvest was small, that noe Wl~cate(By
order of the Icing of Portugal) could be shipped off
otherwise then to that ICingdom, this Island and
Mnzagnnb and with security of double the value to
produce a certificate in a ycars' time of a right delivery,
and morc that several1 vessels were come away dead
freighted.
We cloe not think it Pritdelice that the Pink should

goe t o those Islands t o lye out the Days. We were
thinlcing t o send her t o ffyd [Fnyal],to lade wines,
becausc this Place doth not afford more then what is
already preingaged, but then the Risque in case of any
Misfortune would fall upon us. But after all, the
Comallder being a Civil Man hath consented to goc
to Lisbopz, where we recolnend him to Messrs. Hnck-
slznws house t o procure him a freight. We suppose
they will doe all they can.
We have talcen out all the goods except the Saclcing,
which wil not vend here in this Island, and yet it wil
be worsc in Lisbon, soe that we lcnow not what to cloe.
The other goods we wil make what we can of them
and lteepc the Acc" apart.
If they, in LisBofc, can get the Pink laden, nltho'
a t an under ratc, we shall be the Less Loosers : this
was the only Relnedy we could think of. Mr Hzctcl~ins
writes 11s that the other ship wil carry any order (in
case shce cannot find corne) t o come and lade here
for the West I d e s .
Here is now in Porte two Porteguize Ships ladeing
800 Pipes for Bmzil ; Cappn Terry, C&ppl' Rnine and
a Brigantine ladeing for Ncvis and A?ztigna,and last
night sailed a Brigantine with go Pipes for Barbados.
We are, etc. . . .
W.B. & C".
LETTERNO. 60
MADEIRA, 24th Feby, 1699.
Tlle aforegoing is coppy of our Address p' Capp"
Alien, v' Lisbon, since wc" came into this Road tllc
14th curr", tlle Lo?rdon, Capp". Mnthezets, co~nancler;
sailed the same day without anchoring, and in his
cornpally the Af~ica,Gally, Cappn Htt~ry, Bmdslmla,
Coma~~der, who valued hi~llself upon 11s f o ~thirty
seven Pounds tltirtceil Shillii~gsand four Pence, web
we supply'd and for our reimbursement on his Owner,
Mr Thomas Slnrkc : first Via goes p' this Co~iveyancc
with a Letter of Advice.
We likewise send you first via of our ownc Bil for
One liultdred seventy nine Pomtds fifteen Sltillings on
M' Alicajalt Pevry E. ComnfiY, with our Letter of advice,
being for Wines laden p' order of Major TVilliat~~, ancl
Cappn Willis-Wilson, Merchants in Virginia.
Wc are at ye 25th. This morning appcar five sailc
wd"ve belicve t o he the Embassadour for India-and
thcrforc cannot inlarge.
Yours ...
W. B. & Co.
P.S. We are expecting a ship from Messrs. Hall t o

lade Malvasias : if it should happen that doe not send,
please t o freight one for about 120 Pork Pipes for
London.
The Providence Ireiglitcd by M' FIzilcl~ifzsfor Jnvinicn
just now arrived, but wc have not Letter from him
nor you.
W. R.
Jllst now I have yours p' the Providewce.
W. B.
LETTZRNO. 61
MADEIRA, 10th mar cl^ 1699.
We confirmc the above Coppy of our last via
Canaries : the ships mentiol~edin the coppy were the
ships that carrey his Excellency S' W i l l i a ~ Norris,
~t
Embassador for India. They stayed to the 4th curr".
Ile did us the honour to accept of the acomoclation
that our house could give him, which was some refresh-
ment t o him that was not accuslolned to the sea,
altho' to mean for his ca~rictor*. Amongst the rest
of friends we remembered you and drank your health
and this much by the by out of the way of buissines.
We observe by the coppy of M' Goodmalt's letter
t o you that ME JOILXAdants wil not make good the
Bil of L200 unless compelld by Law. MPGrove hat11
promised before M" Baugh to secure us our money, as
he may remember. We believe it wil bc necessary that
M' Grove make affidavit before a Master in Chanccry
according t o the Qualters way, to prove thc indors-
ment, but this must likewise be wittnessecl according
t o a method before the Lord Major, otherwise it Inay
be returned for want d that wllich they call lcgall
profe: the method of there proceedings are very
delatory.
* "Too moan for liis character," i.e. condition.
We observe that Capp" Dobree was proceeded t o
Terceirn where it is morally certain that he wil find
noe lading, soe that we must expect him as you advise
to lade wines for Bnrbndos. Nothing shal be wanting
on our part.
We are now at the 16th Curstt and shall not trouble
you with much inore, being ourselves unclcr so heavy
aflcction by the death of our W. B. junior the 14th
Curr". WC llave a unspealible Loss. Gods will be
done and grant us patience ill lhis soe great a Tryal.
We are . . .
W. B. & CO.
132 T I l E BOLTON LETTERS
LETTER NO. 62
MADEIRA, 27th March 1699,
We addressecl you nnder ye 24 ultirno viVa?zllnries
11' the Rochcster, nncl since that tllc 10th currtLV'"
Gndiz, when we iillormed you of the death of W. B.
Junior. God saiictifie that affliction to us.
Hcrc canlc t h e Alztelo$e : tooke in a few pipcs [of
wine] for I d i a : sayled t h e zrst currL! 'Thc Digrave
and Mnckle5feild Gally staid 24 hours ; parted hence
yesterclay.
The Wh,eeler, friggat, is now lacleing by RN.* : will
nlake a miserable voyage, not going full of fish and
what sllec carried was not the best of this.
We are.. .
W. R. & Co.
* Dlilos M Co.-Uoltorl's hated rival.
THE BOLTON LETTERS
LETTERNO. G3
MADEIRA, 14th A$ril 1699.
Please to send us two Pewter Bed Pans, and two
Pewter Cranes.
This Place is so overglutted with Goods that they
wil not sel at any Price. Colcl~esterBays is generally
the best Comodity we have in the country, and yet,
that is such a Drugg tliat, last weelc, Cappn Gmvcner,
Conlander of the Pinlc Dove (fifteen p.t.) we say sold
to a Porteguizc fifteen peeces for thirteen Pipes of
wine, and by this you Inay juclge to what a low ebb
Trade is driven.
When Business is at worst, it must be Better.
We send you our Bil on M' John Travers for £17,
being for some wines and succatt laden pr this Con-
veyance and Cappo Wnrren, for E51, being for Wines
laden to Jag?zaica p' his credit t o Adntiral Benhow.
Send me Two pair of spectacles of 50 years and Two
pair of 55 ; let them be those tllat turne one in another
with hansom cases.
We have aletter from Cappn ARlken, from Lisbotb, who
writes us that he is liltc t o goe cmpty. You must be
civil to him, altho' his charterparty was broltcn by his
coming hither first. We shall allow our share rather
then undoe the poor Man.
As yett noc newes of Cappn Dobree, we'' is straing,
but we doe not know when he parted from England.
Znclosed you have a Bil of Ladeing for four quarter
cask of wine and three Boxes of Succatt, viz.
z qt" caslr and one Box for my cousin, at Warwich ;
I Box for onr Lady.
I QtccCask for MCWilliam Bolton in B'inningl~am,
W . B.'s father.
I qt" Cask, and one Box for the children.
The Capn of this ship is soe obliging that he wil
talre noe freight for these quarter Caslcs and Boxes.
Please to send them away soe soone as you have an
opporlunity.
W. B. left a note of M' Henry Forty for L225 with
Mr Hntclzins payable to him the 10th Dec'", ancl now
hc writes that said Mr Forty was designed to Jnv~aica,
that he pretends that he cannot pay it in E?&gLagzd,
but would give his Boncl and pay it in some short
time, and M' Hutchins writes that he is advised as
the best way to take his Bond. Now, if he bath done
it, he hath given away the Mony, for he wil never pay
a farthing. I suppose be clicl not consult with you
about it. Please to use some diligence about it, and
if he is not go11 cloune from London, either to get
security or the Mony, cause him to be arrested, for he
is a villain and we doe much admire at Mr fIutcIbins
for such an unaclvised Act, let who wil be his Counseller.
We are ...
W .B. & C".
THE BOLTON LETTERS
LETTERNO. 64
MADEIRA, 29th April 1699.
Our last was p' Cappn Tnnlzer who parted the
16th curr'b direct for Londol~.
The ~ 3 r darived Cappn Breholt : brought us yours
of the 27th FebY, with invoice and Uil of Ladeing for
some Things for our Acc".
We now send you a Bil on M' P ~ a f ~ cEyles
is for
L85 at Thirty Days sight, and Capp". Joscph Golen$a+z1s
Bill for ,516~o. 3. p. on M' Benjan~inBrnine at
Twenty days sight.
We refer you to what have addressed in our last,
because have not assurallce of this conveyance wC"
is intended vin Canaries. As yet [we] lcnow [not] what
wines shall load on borcle Cappn Brel~olt.
Kiss your hands and are . ..
W. B. & Co.
LETTERNO. 65
MADEIRA, 4th M a y 1699.
You advise nothing of Cappn Dohre, neither cloth
M E Hutchins melltion any thing of him, but by a
Letter from Londott 17th March we have notice of his
being arivcd in the Dozsncs, soe that we now proceed
to lade IOO Pipes on bordc Cappn Bvclholt, according
to your order : we have agreed to freight at 15 p.
1)' Pipe.
We are, Gocl be praised, a t tllc 8th ditto and doe
presume in three days more to have the conlplement
of your IOO Pipes on borde Cappn Brelzolt.
I-Iere is arived and dispatcllecl this day for Alztigz~n
the Snwt.uel nud Eliznhcth,, Cappn J01m Roaclt, with
40 Pipes. Tlie said Comander hath given us his Bills
for EZI on M' SanzueC Proctor.
Ilere is another English ship in sight : we shall
know who it is before the parting of this Conveyance.
Ditto the 9th currtt. Just now is colne to anchor
the Georgc, Capp". Edzanrd Relly, Cornancler, from
Londofh, a vessel [wlwhich:J belongs to Messrs. fIn1l.s and
others : noe Letter from yott.
We l~avewritten for two Pewter Cranes ; please to
send us two more for otller friends, and a cross cut
Saw with handles to it of a inidling size.
We are now, God be praised, at the 16th May.
Last night sailed the George, Cappu Edward KeZLy
cornancler, for Boston. Cappn. Breholt is reddy t o
saile : we have sent you inclosed an Invoice of the
IOO Pipes aborde him, amounting to 2592°7Go reis,
which we carry to your Debet in Acc" Cusrtt.
We are . ..
W. B. & Co.
LETTERNO. 66
MADEIRA, 25th May 1699.
We confirme the above coppy of our Last p' his
Majesties ship Belty va Cadiz.
The 22th currtt sailed the Lucy, Cappu David
Breholt for Barbados, and in his Company the Mary
Gally, of London, with zo Pipes for the West Indies.
I-Iere is only a Carve1 in Porte, bound for Lisbon, by
whom this goes.
We are at the 27th.
Yesterday arived a slnal Barkc from Rodc Islw~d
with 120 Moj5 of Indian Cornc, and a Pink from
Dunkcuk with Beefe, Herrings, Salt Fish, Pitch and
Tarr; had been at Fyall, where are twenty ships
takeing in Wines and Brandy, brit shee could not
negotiate. They called in at Terceira but could
neither sel nor buy, and we bclieve wil find as little
incouragement with us : our wines being scarce and
dear, nothing wil goe towards the purchasing them
but reddy Mony or Bils For Lisbon.
I am, etc.,
W. B. & Co.
THE BOLTON LETTERS
LETTERNO. 67
MADEIRA, 15th June 1699.
I have your particular Letter of 15 April with coppy
Cousn Jematts, of Warwick, mentioning the death
Col6sila Rolto~z. Gods will be done. Touclling
which affair I cannot say anything until I have some
Advice from 11is Sister, my Cousin Bcathfoy, As I am
absent ancl doe not lcnow wl~atmay occur, I request
you t o write her for Information if any thing necessary,
before t l i s call reach your hands.
Please to spealce with M' TVilles, the Lawyer at
Cliffords Inn, whom you know, who lilcewise wil
informe you the needfull. This is what cannot be
excused.
The Jetlia, Cappn Contesworth, for indin, touched
here and is sailed.
Only sonle Sloopes from New E?zglallrl and New York
since Cappl. Bvclzolt of whom I advised you via Lisbolb,
under the 25th ultimo.
I-Iere is in Porte a sloope for NemYorRc, a sloope for
New Elcglal~d,a Sloope for Virgifiin and a Brigantine
for Atbtigbta.
I am,
W ,B.
LETTERNO.68
MADEIRA, 6th Jztly, 1699.
I-Iis Majesties ship Poole, putting in from cruising,
makes this conveyance pT Cadiz.
Noe vessel left in Porte but a smal french Snow
from Lisbon with salt, bound for the Westei8r&eIslnnds
t o lade Corne for this Place and then to t a l e in Succatt
for Fmrcce.
Please not .to forgett to send me the pair of Pistols
wC1' I clesirecl with the Spectacles.
We are . ..
W. B. & CO.
TI-IE BOLTON LETTERS
LETTERNo. 69
MADEIRA, 8th A Z C ~ I1699.
LS~
Two clays since I received yours of the prima and
15 May, with the Inclosed from Warwick,being my
Cousin Benz~foysLettcrs, and ye Will of my Cousin
Bolton deceased, wherin I find he hat11 made me and
my son Executors, and gave me all his personall
Estate and an house in Warwick,wdnhe purchased
since my Agreement wit11 him ; he confirms by lbs
Will everything ol said agreement, but I find he owes
about Two l~undredpounds, besides funerall Expences,
Mourning and some Small Legacys, all W"' must be
discharged. I-Ie left me Lzoo owing to him on Bond
but Cousin Beatqoy : is to have the interest for her
l i f e 1 now write a few Lines to Cousin Benufay
noteing my desire to have all things comply'd with
accrding to the Tennour of tlie Will of tlie Deceased,
therforc if Mr. Willcs and shee desire any Mony, you
inay Supply thenl takeing a Ileceipt, being for the
discharge of the Debts of funeral Expencos, Etc.
I-Iaveing now wit11 mucl1 Trouble written the afore-
going-I am t o inforine you1 that it hath pleased God
to aMlict lne with a Severe Distemper for three weekes
past, being an Irnpostu~neupon the Right Side of
my Head and Face, for wC'l I have been Nine Tirnes
14% TIlE BOLTON LETTERS
bloucled, Twice cupped, ancl three Tilnes Lanced;
luy conclition was as dangerous as can be supposed,
but now, tllrough Gods Mercy, I an1 very much better
tllcn I was, and I Ilope, with his assistance, in the
Way ool: Recovery. Excuse my not writeing t o otl~er
.
friends, I am . .
WM. BOLTON.
TI-IE BOLTON LETTERS I43
LETTERNO. 70
MADEIRA, 17 Se$tember 1699
We are now favoured with yours of the 15 July
by the Brigantine Tzao Brotlhers, with a s~nalbox from
the children, four Pewter craines and a handsaw, wC"
have received. I want still of what I have desired
you to send me : one handsorn paire of Pistols, two
dozen of liussia Lether Slrins and three Pewter Bed-
pans, which I desire you to send me by the first
conveyance.
We observe that you had sold the Wheate for
87s. bd., which was we1 done considering the Prospect
of a plentiful harvest : i t hat11 fail'd very much in
the Westenz Isla?z(ls, [so] that we expect several ships
empty that are gon to lade. I t is not only a smal
Harvest but bad corne likewise : if it coms to 4 p.
a Bushel in Efzglmtui or thereal~outs; it will turn we1
to acctbwith us.
We are now inthe Middle of our vintage, the weather
seasonable, therefore the wines must prove good :
wil be buL little Larger then last year.
Shal write you via Lisbo?~& remaine . . .
W. B. & Co.
No. 71
LETTER
MADEIRA, 28th Sefitelizber 1699.
We have noe. certaine Conveyance offering at
present, bnt as oppert~nlityInay present, this wil lye
reddy, and soe that as things inay occur to Mind shall
note doune.
I-Ierc is now in Porte a sloope from fllttigrfa-ladcs
back-and a Brigantine from Boston with Indian conle,
flower and other Provisions.
I am now at ye 10th curstb [October], the Wind
veering to the Westward, soe t11at we are expecting
in a few (lays some vessels from the Westerl~eIslal~ds.
Ditto the 13th. Two days past arivecl Cappn
Moztltorl., via Twcci~a,being freighted by Mr file,
Barlolt E Baker t o lade Corne, but hat11 not brougllt
one Graine, soe that the ships that went from hence
wil come most dcad freighted, there being no Lycence
.to ship off any inore tllan 300 Mojo, several from
Lisbotz already gon witllout Ladeing.
Tho I-Iarvcst tl~ercis the worst in quality and the
least in quatrtity that over was lcnowne.
From this notice it will be advisable that you order
tllc lacleing the Corne as I have mentioned in ye last
Paragraph of tllc 10th curs". I doubt not but you
wil easily procure freight on some vessel bound this
way, upon easy Tennes. Let it be inst~rodby Good
Men : we are not willing t o run the Adventure tliis
winter season. But, if Corne cannot bc had upon the
Terlnes above, I am not willing to take my Mony
out of Euglnnil.
Please t o mind the pair of Pistols ; the 3 Bed Pans
and the Russin Leather Skins, 2 dozen.
I am a t ye 14th curstt : shall have an Oppertunity
of writeing you by a vessel bound to Holland in Eight
Days time.
I am . . .
W. B.
LETTERNO. 72
MADEIRA, 13th November 1699.
We confirme the aforegoing Coppy of our last p'
a ship bound for I-lolland. This goes by another
bound for Rotterdam with Sugars, wett and dry Succatt,
etc., being a Porteguize ship belonging to this place.
[Sai! ship] intends to lade back with Corne, both wheat
and rye, if they are to be had upon reasonable Terines.
We are, God be praised, at the 16th Ditto.
Now considering, as we have hinted, that Messrs.
Halls doe not order a ship this year to lade Malvnsics,
we have some thoughts of shipping them to Loadon
for our acctt. We cannot be positive in our order
for freighting a vessel for them, altllo' we mention
this. We have our intention, that is to say to hire
a ship al: Lo?zdo?z that wil carry IOO Porte Pipes,
wllich must not be much less then a IOO Tons, because
of the stowage, to be loaded with wl~ente,if to be
purchased not exceeding IS. Gd, p' Bushell : to
departe Gravesend by the latter end of februa~yor
the begining of March. Now the difficulties we have
t o gitt over are we doe not know whether those
[Malvasias] that Messrs. Hall had this year are sold
or not, they writting us that they had disposed of but
30 pipes in August, lceeping up their price, because of
their dear cost in Madeirn, about 50 Mil reis p' greate
pipe, all,jcl~argesaborde.
THE BOLTON LETTERS I47
We are not assured the Liberty of shipping of
Corne, nor the price, and then, as we have already
ordered you to lade us wheate p' the first [conveyance]
soe that we would not have it fall the one upon the
other to the prejudiceing of our owne Marlcett, because
lilcewise from otllers advice, corne wil be laden for this
place by severall hands, as ]nay rationally be expected.
We are a t the 17 ditto, and now say that we order
you to freight a ship that will carry One hunclred Poste
Pipes,'in Pipes, out and home from this Islancl, with these
conclitions that, in case we doe not find it advisable to
ship the Malvasies for Lo?zdo?%,that the vesselproceed for
Barbados and there to be clare; this, we presume, ]nay
be easily donc ; and provided corne can be purchased at
the above price oru~lder. These are the two conditions.
Now, bccause the freightment must be made in
this manner, it wil be most reasonable to agree for
the vessel from Lolzdon to Madeira and Bnrbarlos
unless we see cause to lade him back againe, but
that t o be left to our choice. Tl~cTerlnes must be
according as you can procure them. Ancl if it should
happen that the ship soe freiglltecl must proceed to
Barbados for any reason that we cannot fore see, either
fron~oltrinformation, as we have desired, or from what
we ]nay have of oulr sclves, as that the MnLvasios ]nay
not be too our likeing, and soe not fitting to ship home,
it will be necessary that you be concerned in one halfe of
this clesigne, because the wines must goe for your Acc"
to Barbndoes and then thc proceeds 01 one halfe of the
Come may goe to the purchaseing of one halfe of the
wine, and excuse disputes of so much p. cent. ; and soe,
in like manner, you Inay be concerned the one halfe of
the Malvnsies, as you shall give encouragement, because
you must be concerned in the outward bound lading
of Corne, and this wil keep all accttSclear.
But, then, we must observe to you that you n~ust
order the Mnlvasies to be consigned or put into the
llands of Messrs. Hall or some other Qanary Merchant,
unless W.B. should goe to Englami with them, for
it is most certaine that they would be blowne upon
in your ha11ds or any other Person out of the wine
trade, as it hath several times happened when they
have been found to sell by Inch of Candle.
We further note to you in Prosecution of this
designe that you immediately freight a ship, if the
corne be to be had, as we have before advised, because
we are sensible that others wil and liltewise doe order
the ladeing of said Comoclity, for altho' we have
lilnitecl to the begining of March, yet the sooner the
better. And as it may be, there wil be noe 12ibcrly
of shipping of corne from England, it wil not be amiss
to write or send a vessel to Rottenlan~,but this wil
be delatory and chargable. You have the out Ports
as we1 as Londolz and in lnany of them can be cheaper
supplycd, but not soe speedily.
We hint to you our notion of things, but you upon
the place know best.
.
We are . .
W. B. & Co.
LETTERNO. 73
P-, Decensber 1699.
WC confir~ne the aforegoing Coppy of our last,
since which we have a few lines under the 30 September
in favour of S' Willianz Phi$pard. whose ship is now
in porte.
The weather Rainy; soe soone as it ,brealces, shall
give her a quick dispatch.
Noe other vessel in Porte
We remaine . ..
W. B. & CR.
5th December 1699.

This goes' pr the Society, Capp" Tregiagz, comander,
via Ua$e de Vwde, being S' lVillillia+tzPhi#$ards ship,
wcll we have dispatched, and now send you said Cappn
Bill for Lzgr. 01. 04, upon his Owner, at thirty Days,
payable in the House of M'.WiZlia?ninbarn, in Pudding
Lane ; and his Bil on Ditto for L I ~ .15s. on his owne
Acctt.
We confirme the aforegoing Coppys without altera-
tion, noe vessel haveing arrived from any part, nor
any sayled hence, but a Dulzlzetker for St. Uvals, by
whom went these few lines of the Po Currtt.
We are .. .
W. B. & Co.
THE BOLTON LETTERS 151:
LETTERNO. 75
MADEIRA, 6th Jawuary 1700.
Since the aforegoing here arived three Pinkes from
Iueland ; have laden about 150 Pipes for the Leeward
Islands. A sloopc came up from Alztiglia ; laded
back with 50 Pipes. A ship from ditto now in porte,
Thonzas Newton, Coinander, froin Barbados, wil carry
upwards of zoo Pipcs ; by whom this goes recomanded.
We had noe letter from your Brother.
The 2nd Cursbt,arived the Jlary 6. IlCarllia, Cappn
Antholzy Madden, Cornander, from Lalcdo~z; wil take
in zoo Pipes for Jamaica. We had noe letter from
your good selfe.
We are, God be praised, at ye 7th curst1. Here is
now come into this Road a Snlall Pink of To$sha?it,
bound to ye Oanaries, by wllom this goes forwarded ;
the Coppy shall send via Barbados with what Inore is
needfull. Wish you an happy Newyear and are . . .
W. B. & Co.
The above is Coppy of what we addressed via

Barbndos and Thenerue, As for the Bills on S" Villiam
Phi$$ard, the first went v" Gannries and the third vG
Barbados.
We are, God be praised, at the zzth. The Mary,
of Bristol, Cappn Willinm Raise, Comander, arived
yesterday : wil take in about IOO Pipes for Antigua.
This goes vr Thefzerife. Wish you many happy
Newyears and are .. .
W. B. & C O .
P.S. We should be glad to hear from you ofener

if your Leasure would permit.
LETTERNO.77
MADEIRA, 25th Ja?tfr@~y,
1700.
Ilere hat11 arived from London soe many ships

for the Leeward Islands and other places that I wonder
I have not received one Line from you in soe many
Months ; am at a LOSSto know whether my Letters
have reached your hands, especially those that went
with Letters inclosed for Warwick. This Conveyance
being under sayle,
Iam.. .
W. BOLTON.
Since the aforegoing arivecl a ship of Bristol, via

Terceira, Cappn Watts, Comander : brought noe
Corne. I-Ie left there another [ship] of the same Place
with Expectation of Ladeing, Cappn Lightfoote,
Comander. The first [is] bound to Jamaica, the
other to the Leeward Isla?tds.
We are .. ;
W.B. & Co.
THE BOLTON LETTERS
This day is come into Porte his Majesties ship the

Pe%sa%ce,by whom this wil goe forwarded.
The Mary [of Bristol], Cappn Raiao, wil part this
night for Barbados, where be is to, touch in his way
to A$ztigua.
I-Iere being just now a ship arived from Lo~ado~z,
bound t o Jamaica : if any from you, shall answare
pc the same Man of Warr.
..
We arc .
W. B. Sr Co.
LETTERNO. 80
2411~Feby. 1700.
We confirine the aforegoing coppy oI our last : this
d D~rbliqa with
is illtended by a small Sloop b o u ~ ~for
Mul71nsias and Bral~cly.
I-Iere are now in Poste three Brigantines from NCWJ
E~>~,glarzd,one clitto from Ncwyorke, one ditto from
Virginia, with Indian Corne, Pease, wheatc and
flower ;
a Sloopc from Bermztda, a Sloope from Barbados
with Beefe, Butter, flower etc. laden back : bring
us noe Letter from your Brotl~er;
a Ship of Bristol wit11 ago Mojs of Wheate, from
Terceira.
This place hath been abundantly supply'd with all
sorts of Provisions, soc that since Wheate cannot be
shipped from England, as we are informed by jMr
Marti~zs Letter of the beginning of December past
to Messrs. Miles and Richbel, we are not in any expecta-
tions of it, nor would it answere what we first pro-
posed, because of the coming of soe many vessels
from tlie Westerne Colonies.
Ditto Pm Marcli.
The Rztssell, Cappn Trowaril, Comander, arived tlie
29th past : have the favour of yours of the 29th De-
cember, with Invoice and Bil of Ladeing of Sundry
Merchandize ilnporting LIZI. 18. 08. If we can
dispose 01 the chairs you sent us without order we
will take them ashore ; otherwise must lett them goe
forward to Barbados.
WC are . . .
W. B. & Co.
This goes via Barbados, pT Cappn l'roward, on whom

we have laden forty Pipes for acctt of your good self
and Brothers in thirds. He came so pestered wit11
goods that he could not take in near the quantity of
wines he proposed. We ltept the chairs you sent,
which otherwise would hinder him in his stowage.
You say that Messrs. Hall would write us concern-
ing the Malvasia, but we have noe Letter from them,
neither by Cappn Troward, W a y , Lawrence and
Mortlto?~,which came fro111 London. This is puzling
in the darlte, soe that we are at a loss how to proceccl.
This day arivecl a Sloope from Terceira, with 40
Mojs of Wheate : it wil mlicli decline in price, being
over glutted with all sorts of Provisions from Irelnlid
as we1 as fish frorn New E~zglalld.
We Iiiss your hands ...
W. B. & Co.
THE BOLTON LETTERS
zznd Marclt 1700.

Since tho aforegoing Lines, coppy of our last, an
Flurnbtrrgher and a Dlctclzman homeward bound from
Mnllagn put into this Road by contrary winds : makes
this conveyance.
Here is arived a Pink from London bound for New
Englmcrl, a Neze~yorl<eBrigantine from Anzsterdam,
bound home. The Master tels us that several vessels
wero in the Downcs bound to Fnlmontlt t o take in
Cornc for this place. 1-10 mentions particularly an
old rotten I<etch that conies to lade back, and wonders
how any Man dares to goe in her. We presume this
is the Vessel desigi~edfor the Mnlunsias, but can
scarce believe that you would freight one that might
not be better fitting for this Dcsigne and especially
for the Ladeing of Cornc. I t is not to be 6hought
that you could Know of other Men's designes, other-
wise it would have been we1 to send the Less, or
wl~olydesisted whcil you founcl soe many to uncler-
talco it.
We are further told that the Riswich is one of
them. [We] suppose you are not concerned in him,
because when we advised about sending a vessel for
Malvasias, we told you t l ~ a tonly that vessel would
be enough, because we would not have one upon the
back of another to spoyle the Marlcet. You must note
that Two of those vessels wil glutt this place. We
are not a greate Ringdom to want a greate deale at
a Time, and therfore, unless it be bought cheape,
the Loss wil be apparent, and we cannot believe that
Corne would rather rise, the Prohibition for Exporta-
tion being taken off.
We are not resolved whether we can ship the
Mnlvnsias, because the last years wine is generally
greene, altho' they are much better in Kind than the
comon sorts, but the Notice we have of the Badness
of the Iietcll is what discourage us very much. We
cannot tel what to say until shee arives.
We are.. .
W. B. & CQ.
THE BOLTON LETTERS
zqtlt March 1700.

Here is now in Porte a Pink, of Londott, Cappn
Nevil, Goma?tder, by strong Northern Winds home-
ward bound from SiviL.
We have mentioned in the coppy somthing
about the Malvasias, which we shall act accord-
ing as we find them and as we find the vessel
capable.
If the Ketch be the vessel of which they give such
a bad character, we have a double discouragment,
because W . B, intended for England, but wil not
think itt advisable to take his passage in a vessel
that others are fearfull off at her first fitting out.
You know it is very requisite that he should be at
Warwick to know how things are managed since his
cousins death. You would have pleased him if you
had mentioned any thing of what might gather as
necessary from M' Willis : when you paid him the
£230. But multitude of Business and publick avoca-
tions may be the reason, it's probable, you did not
enquire into itt.
I have sent you too small Bills which. please to
receive :
L
of M' Snml Proctor ................... £5. 00. 00.
of Cappn John Coltman ................ 4. 10. oo.
Said Capp Coltnzan lives dowile toward Lilnehouse,
but is to be found on the New England walke at
Exchange time.
I am. .'.
W. B.
LETTERNO. 84
pm May 1700.
We are favoured with yours pc Cappn Lorrestoa,
in the Hofie Pink, by whom Mr Peter Hill, of Fal~nozctlc,
consigned us four hnndred forty Three Sacks, q.p.
Bil of Ladeing, Two hundred twenty four quarters of
Wheate, wdLwe have received ashore we1 conditioned,
and have begun the sale of it at 4 i Ryals p' Alg".
The reason why mention Ryals is because until now
every Ryal was current for One hundred Reis, but a
Porteguize Man of Warr. being come with the Coine of
that I<ingdom t o suppress Ryals, notwithstanding we
believing that the Loss may be about 115th and that,
if we should lceepe the Corne, it's probable we might
not make more of it then that wil be when the Loss
is deducted, W" hwil nialce good about 360 reis.
And we should be pleased if it were all sold on these
Conditions, because besides what came from Faktzotctk,
here is arived a ship from Afisum, another fron
Liverfioole, and more [are] expected.
We observe your order was to lade 220 Pipes on the
Pink, but upon considerations that soe many ships
were alredy gon before, that the wines were soe green
and ordinary, and besides soe very dear, that we
should get noe Reputation by them, nor you noc
Profitt, for wC" reasons we laded but Sixty Pipes,
wherof here inclosed you have an Invoice, importing
1703 "105 Reis. We lilcewise send you Invoice for
Forty Pipes p' the Russel, Cappn Wm Troward,
Comander, ro6gXzgo reis, both which sums we place
to your debet in Acctt Currtt.
We are at the 7th curstt.
We send you Bil of L74 04. 02, on M' John Travers,
payable to Williant Glayton Esqr, the Ballance of an
Acctt in our hands, wohhe ordered to be made good t o
him out of the value of wines laden pc the R d y ,
Cappn Peter Travers, Comander, for acc" of MCHenry
Parr and Gomp, Merchants in Liverpoole, and accord-
ingly the Bil was drawne and signed by said Cappn
Travers.
But, since that, arived a vessel of W" Glayto?~Esqr,
with some wheate, and an order to lade thirty Pipes
of Wine-which we have done-and with his order to
lade the Ballance of his Acc", NOW,the wines amount-
ing t o considerable in these dear years, and it is not
to be disputed that the wheate and this Bil together
wil fall shorte of the Cost of the wines ; therefore,
have sent it forward to you to get his endorsmetlt,
t o which effect we now write him, that you may
receive for our acctt the said Sum.
Please to mind the Bil of Cappn Bradslzaw, upon
M' Thomns Starlu : we are informed that he is
arived in Virginia and it is probable may be got
THE BOLTON LETTERS
home t o London by the Time that this reacheth your
hands.
You mention nothing of M' Groves Bil of £200 that
MC Adams endorsed, altho' we are informed M'
Adams was in England, and Mr Grove gon to Barbados.
The Lucy, Cappn Davy Breholt and several others
are now in Porte, but we have noe Letter from you.
We are informed by advice from London of 5 April
that they had received Letters of the primo March,
from this Island. We had sent you several Bills by
sundry vias, but know not whether they came to
hand, nor how t o act for want of advice. It would
be much to our satisfaction if you could be more
particular.
We have put on borde the 1Cetcl1 11 quarter Cask
of wine and seven Boxes of Succatt, WO' goe included
in one Bil of Ladeing, consigned to you, being to be
delivered t o several Persons as pr the inclosed List.
Mr. Skiltlzer and Mr. Mosely pay the charges of their
casltcs ; the rest you must charge to us.
.
We are . .
W. B. & Co.
3rd May I700.

We confirme the aforegoing Lines, coppy of a short
advice of the Arrival1 of Capp" Wake. We now send
you Invoice of one hundred and forty Pipes of Wine
laden on bord him, importeing 3903~329Reis.
The empty Saclts we consigned with the Wines to
Capp" TIzonzas Hudson and M' Robert Coates, Merchants
in Jamaica, the said Sacks being but of little value
with us.
The wheate is now selling by retail at 49 Ryalls p'
Algzo, W" wil malte about 860 reis, because of the
alteration that is here upon the Coine, wCtlis not as
yett settled, but generally concluded that Ryals wil
be admitted to be currft at 80 Reis, W" for ten years
past went for roo Reis.
We are God be praised at the 26 Currtb.
Ryalls were lower'd by order of this Government
the 22th to 75 Reis, wC1' makes 3379 Reis p' Algre
what we have sold, wol' is not one half. We wish we
were clear of it. At present nothing sels, being all in
confusion about this Alteration of the Mony, and
Icnow not when we shal be settled.
.
We are . .
W. B. & C".
THE BOLTON LETTERS
24th May 1700.

The 22th arived Capp" Fish and Capp" &fartilt,
both from Lofzdofz,bound to Barbados.
This conveyance being a Portegoize Man of Wars
bound to Lisbon, PI*. B, designed to take passage upon
him, in order t o get to Eugln+td, but the Comander
haveing order from their Icing not to carry any
Stranger, hat11 prevented his intention, soe that now
he ltnowes not whether he inay remaine until he
leaves the Island not to returne.
We have written Messrs. IIall about their proposal1
t o talce into Company M' George Wildey, who was
formerly their apprentice. They say they have
written us by Cap" Foxley, who did not touch here,
therfore we are at a loss for want of information.
haveing promised them not t o take any other before
we havc their answere.
If you know of a Person fitting ior us, that, upon
good consideration, will serve W . B. five years, that
writes wel, he is willing to take one into the House,
and, according t o his capacity and Deportment, inay
not doubt of preference, because if W. B, should goe
for Etzgln?id, it cannot be excused to have t o assist
MC Wildey, or whoever we take into Company. If
therefore you find one of Capacity with good Security,
and with a valuable consideration, as we have always
had, you may act for us.
It wil be necessary that you draw out an Abstract
of our Acc" before it runs too long, least any mistake
should happen, because as you have not advised
us particularly of several things, we may conclude
upon several those that are not, and soe one Error
beget a greate Many.
You mention your designe of sending some goods,
we" we have from Time t o Time informed you, are soe
greate a Drugg that they are sold at under Rates, in
Truck of the worst of wines.
You know we are always reddy t o give you the
Preference of what may be done, but if you insist
upon 30 per cent, and 6s. p. Milrej, you must excuse
us, and it wil be needless to say any more of it : we
are willing to accomodate you.
Therefore, when you send a ship to lade, you may
ship the goods undermentioned, and we wil make you
good zo p. cent and 6s. p. Mil Rej, wchis as much as
you had in ye Warr Time. You may send :
30 p, Madder black Colchester Bays ;
;,
10 p, long Bocking, viz.; 6 Blew, z Red and z Musk

Colour ;
1. ;#!<,<.,&
,%."
zo p, black Says ;
30 p. long Ells, viz : zo blew and 10 sortable
colours ;
10 of small Shott No. 3 ;
10 p. Bowdyd Ten hurjdreds, and
Ten peeces of red and blew printed cheynes.
But, if you are not pleased with our offer, we will
not take any goods of any Persons besides-except
what you Itnow of one or two Particular.
All Trade is come to nothing with the dearness of
Wines, and such a greate abundance of goods that are
continually offered, brought ashore t o try if they can
sel them : if they cannot, they carry them aborde
again, and soe shutt up shop and begon with what
they have. And doe you think that we are under the
same Circumstances, as when wines were plenty and
goods were scarce l We have written soe much to
Messrs. Hall, besides what we have written t o you,
that we can say noe more, and neither of you soe
much as make us one direct Answare.
We are, God be praised, at the 29th.
[We] observe your order t o send some quarter
Cask of Malvasia, but it came too late, and now since
W. B, doth not goe for Elzgland via Lisbon, as he
intended, you may talte three out of those that we
ordered to Mr Bartlet, whereof two are marlted W. B.,
and one marlted P. There is another marked W.B.
W" is red, but suppose that wil not be for your purpose.
Unless you find the Exchange to fall t o about
5s. Bd., we desire you, to remit what you can to Messrs.
Clayk 6. Com$y., one half, and the other Halfe t o
Messrs. Broohe altd Gzclsto~~, because we observe, in
the winter, at the time of shipping of their Wines,
the Exchange for several years hath risen high, and
then in such case we wil order their recharging t o you
again, for we would, not have the Mony to lye dead,
if we could malte any I~nprovementby it. Therfore,
if you could malte us an advantage of our Mony at
home by imploying it as occasion may offer, a t Loan
or otherwise, you wil doe wel, because we hope we
shall not have occasioll to draw any thing considerable
out of your hands.
Our weather is very seasonable : we hope for a
plentiful Vintage. We have told you that i t is our
opinion t o take the present Marltet for the Malvasias :
please t o receive our 113 part of the proceeds, when
recovered.
We are . . ,
W. B. & Co.
THE BOLTON LETTERS
LETTERNo. 87
Ryals now goe current for 75 reis,'but few People

wil part with Mony, soe that cornc doth not sel at
resent. We shal doe what Lyes in our Power to
serve your Interest. The weail~eris iavourable for
our next vintage : it loolced a little suspitious this
morning, but, we hope, wil pass over, and if it doth,
we may have plenty of Wines .this year. We shall
advise you the ncedful and remaine. . . .
W. B. & CO.
LETTERNO, 88
12th June 1700.
Three days since arived the Gltarity Pink of Lever-
fioole, Cappn John Jonnard, Comd: brings 400 Bushels
of Wheate ; wil lade about Thirty Pipes for Jamaica.
Wines, the lowest Price 26 M. reis pT Pipe, in the
Lodges, and some few that remaine they ask 30 M. reis
for them. It is our Opinion it would bc more for the
Interest off our Principals to let their Ships goe dead
freighted rather then lade at these Prices.
We are like to have a plentiful Vintage : the weather
is good and above half the vines are out of danger,
soe that it wil be your advantage to send a ship to be
here the latter end of December, or the begining of
January, to goe with the first, but of this you may
better conclude when you have our further advice,
as occasion offers, when we can write you with more
certainty.
We have written you for some goods, but would
not have you send anything else but 10' weight of Glue.
Let it be clear and dry. The best was formerly made
a t Horsley Doune. I t is to be had of the Colour Man,
M' Anthony Green, in Watling Street; [he] wil furnish
you, or he that lives in Bishopsgate Street, at the Eel.
We are . ..
W. B. & C".
THE BOLTON LETTERS
We confirme the aforegoing Coppy of our last w"h

was intended p' Lisbon, but went via Barbndos, per
the joy Man of W ~ I T . This goes pc the Deal1 Gaslle
now in Porte : touchet11 at that Island [Barbados] on
the way to Nevis.
Here hath happened some small Raines that hath
done damage t o the vines but not considerable. We
have good weather again and now it is beyond all
dispute that our Vintage wil be large.
We are . ..
W.B. & C".
Last night put into this Road a french ship from the
Canaries, bound for Cadiz, by whom this goes.
We can now thoroughly informe you that our
Vintage wil be large. The weather cannot be better.
Now our hopes is only upon a good season to gather
it. You may therfore take your measures accordillg
to what we have proposed for your sending a ship
to lade early in January with the first wines for
Barbados, wo'l, we belive, wil be your interest to do.
.
We are . .
W. B. & C".
Wheat sels slowly : indeed wc may scarce [sell] any

thing. We wish we may preserve it from the weevle
this hott weather ; we Beepe it continually stirring
and shall be glacl when it is gon from ouf Hands.
We have told you in the aforegoing our Opinion of
the approaching vintage, W'' wil be larger they any
we have had for three years past, but not soe large as
sometimes hath been, soe that we hope to ship wines
at a more favourable price then hath been the two
former years.
Please to send us a Sash Window for our Counting
House, to Reepe out Wind and Raine. Let the
outside frame bc broad, that it may be fasten'd upon
the Wall, and the whole Window contrived t o put up
and let cloune when needfuI1. Let it be 3 foote 8 k c h e s
square. We have height enough above the Top of the
Window to draw it up-or, if needfull, we may let it
doune towards the flower, wC" your workman may
thinlr best but we are more inclined to have it to
put up.
We are, God be praised, at the ~ 1 sditto.
t
You know that we had given our word to Messrs.
fIall to take their Man, M' Wildey, into our CompY.
Here is a letter of the 20th April, from London, w ~ b
saies that since his arival from ye Galzaries, he is
designed for Jagnaica, and doth not come hither, soe
thak upon this incertanty, we are held in hand and
cannot settle our house. Please to be informed of said
Messrs Hall, that we may know how to governe our
selves.
. .
We are .
W. B. & C O .
LETTXRNo. 92
29$/2 J2dy 1700.
Since the aforegoing coppy of our last, arived a
small Pink from London via Corke ; goes for Nevis.
No other English vessel in Poste.
We cannot sel any wheatc, whilst that of S' Miclrnels
is at zoo Reis and the Terceirn 300 seis p' Algr", and
yet cloth not goe off.
Our Vintage wil be sinaller then expected, altho' it
may be larger then the last year.
We remainc ...
W. B. & Co.
The prmo currtt, arived the LnereLia, cappn Ball,

cornander. Note the arival of Cappn Dunnand, that
the Malvasias prove good : we fear their dearness wil
make them render noe good acctL.
Wee thank your Advice of several particulars, the
Ihowledge whereof we wanted, and because this
goes by a french Satia bound to Mnrseillis, and, if
happens t o touch at Cadiz, may reach your hands;
otherwise little Labour lost ; we are not more large
and remaine.
W. B. & Co.
LETTERNO. 94
4th Se$tenzber 1700.
Our Vintage is begun yesterday in the afternoon. We
had some Raine ; it did noe damage ; by computation
here wil be made about one third part more wine then
last year. If the weather be seasonable, it wil be good.
Sir William Norris left with us an Order to send
two Hh" of Malvasias to Mr Vernolz and Montague,
and advised of it to London ; therefore we could not
excuse the shipping accordingly, haveing had several
Letters from M' Travers about the same ; and Mr
Hutcltins is disgusted that we did not give Liberty
to Lade him 3 or 4 Pipes of ~Malvasias,wheras yours
and Mr. Halls order was that none should Lade
without your Lycence, we did, notwithstanding, admitt
the Ladeing of two HL", and yet he remaines displeased.
Wee are affraid there wil be considerable Loss upon
the wheate w o h we cannot sel, and notwithstanding we
keepit stirring every day, cannotlteepit from theweevle.
We believc it was trashed before it had done sweating in
the Mow, because it came so very soft andmoist. Wee'l
cloe what we can with it, and hope our friends wil rest
satisfied. Nothing sels upon the alteration of our Rlony.
The beginning of last Month came off this Road the
Loader, Gally, and his companion. The Comanders
came ashore and tould us they belonged to you,
bound to Angola ; they did not Anchor nor soe much
as take in any watter. We tould them the Penalty
they, might incur by reason of the Security, where-
I 80 THE BOLTON LETTERS
upon They imediatly went aborde without staying
and made the best of their way with a fresh gale.
The Sarah, Gally, from Sicilia, with oyles, this day
put into our Road to stop her Lealies : is bound to
Lor~don,J o h ~Paltrier, Conlander.
We are, God be praised, at the 5th.
The Clzarles, Cappn lieaster, belonging to Mr
Martine is in sight.
Please to send us a Box of best Wafers.
13th Sejbtember.
Since the date aforegoing, here arived the Charles,
Pink, Cappn I<eason, from London, belongs to M'
Martine. We had none from you by him.
Here is arived a Ketch with upwards of 150 Mojs
of wheate from Pensilvania and vessels dayly expected
from the Westerne Islands, which causeth that noe
Corne sels. They say that their Harvest is good,
but that in Portugal it is very ordinary.
We are at the 14th Ditto.
Our Vintage goes on very wel. Heye is all appear-
ance of good wines this year ; if the weather remaines
as it is a t present to the end of the month, most of
the wines wil be made. There is some small Rainc
this afternoon but we hope it wil not be much.
Per this conveyance goes a small Box of Succatt
marlted AMBolton, London. Please to let it be taken up
and sent to W.B, children ; it is their mother's Present.
.
We are . .
W. B. & Co.
LETTER NO. 95
15th October 1700.
His Majesties ships the Milford and the Paggett,
for Guinea, put into this Road and sailed the q t h ,
haveing Cappn Baggs', the Company's agent on borde.
Here is now in Porte the Princess Ann, Cappn.
Owen Phili$s, from Terceira, where shee took in about
150 Pipes of ffyal and St. Georges wines, and is now
ladeing some wines that were bought u p for llim.
[We] presume is bound for Barbados : they give out
for Virginia : belongs to Mr Sands G Co.
The project is cai~iedby Mr Hutchins, but wil not
answare the designe, because in less then Two Months,
the new Wines will be reddy to lacle, we'' will in all
appearance be good. It is computed that the quantity
wil exceed one Third more then the last year.
A Ketch from Pensilvnlcia brought us 3600 Bushels
of Wl~eate: We let her t o freight for Terceiva, that
may be gaining somthing for paying Mcns' Wages,
etc., until we can lade new Wines.
Several vessels arived from Terceira with Come and
more expected. Nothing sels for want of Money, wC'l
is better worth then Bills of Exchange 5 or 10 p.cent.
[It] wil make a greate confusion in the business of this
Place.
We are, God he praised, at the 16 ditto.
Yesterday, arived the Wlzeale of Fortune, of Flushing,
Cappn William De Bree, Comander, to lade wines and
brandy, but as it is too soone for the new, and the
old being all shipped off, we could supply him with
only a small matter, and so dispatched him this night.
He brought a considerable Cargo of Goods, being
bound doune to the West Indies, but we could not take
any thing asllore.
Tliis day came in the Riseing Eagle, Cappn Boucher,
for East India, to take in some Refreshments.
We are at the 19th ditto.
Here is now come into Porte a small Sloope from
London, called the Mary, bound to Gape de Verde:
[we] suppose hath some other designe.
Please to remember the p. of Holland when you send
us the goods we desired, with a Box of Wafers and a
Paper Booke for coppying Letters.
We remaine ...
W. B. & C O .
THE BOLTON LETTERS
LETTER NO. 96
zrst October 1700.
This conveyance by wliom wee have alredy written
being detained gives us oppertunity of a further
Address, haveing omitted to mention a very good
fashionable watch, W""we desire you to send us p, the
first ship.
Please to send us Eight Bushels of Canary Seeds
put up either in good sacks or parcels, and lett the
half p, of Ilolland desired to be a whole p.
With due respects, we are ...
W. B. & CO.
184 TI-IE BOLTON LJXTERS
LETTERNo. 97
4 t h Nove,~tBer 1700.
This goes by his Majesties ship Poolc, Caplsi Cunrthy,
cornander, bound home from the Gnfie dc Vcvde
Islands.
Here is now in portc a French Tartana, fro111 S t .
!Ilicltnels, wit11 1011. Moji of wl~cate,a i31,istol Sloolx
Iro~nTcrceiua with 95 RIojhaild a Ne7u 1Zr~glarzd ship
Iroln ditto wit11 93 Mojs : said sloope returns [or t11c
Like quantity wC"Lyes ready bought up, and when
slice coines back, we :rre to lade her will1 New Wine
for Al~tigtln,W"" by that time illay be fitting to ship of[.
We are at ye 19th Ditto.
Little Alteration and now we send M' Richnrd
IVchhs, Purser of the Poolc,
13il on the colnissioners for victualling l 4 3 , 03. 04.
Ditto Ril on M' Tltor~zasLnytorz - 50, oo, oo.
Lieut. Nclsons Uil on MC Colby, a t
the Victualling Onice - - - 11. 00. 00.
Bertj. Ueetorts a Bil on llis Motl~er - 4. 10. oo.
g108. 13. 04.

In our former Letters, we l ~ a v cnoted thc goods wc'l
.
we desire you scnd. . . Please to send us lnorc Three
I3oxcs of Candles. One Ila~nperof Alosclle Xhetcish
TI-IE BOLTON LETTERS 185
W i m Irom the Stzlyard, one hh" and \?Torme lctt in a
Tub, one Camlctt Cloalcc of the Coloure that is worne,
six Chrystal Cupps with covers and ears, 2 glasses for
Watchcs according to the Measure inclased, four
Indian Lacquered Tables made round, af the best, to
t11rnc up. Lctt tl~esccome upon our Acc".
Our new Vintage wil bc good this year in all present
appearance.
We arc ...
W. B. Co.
~ 6 1 1Novett~lreu
~ 1700.
This day is putt into our Road an Hn~r$bzrrgl~er in
t c ~ lDays from Plytiboi~lk by whom this goes via
Canrrries.
We are.
W. B. & Co.
Wee note your Inteiltion to send a ship for zoo Pipes

of wine. Provision shall be made accordingly, and
doubt not that they mil prove good this year.
If ally conveyance offers before your ship comes,
shall lade 50 Pipes, as you order.
The ship you mentioned to be arrived from New
E~zglnud,consigned to M CMico, wllerin we are 6 con-
cerncl, was built by your friend, M' Natl~nlzaelOlivcr,
of Bosto?~,in whose hands we llad seine Inony, W"" he
could not scnd us to advantage, because the Exportn-
tion is prohibited upon severe Penalties. Wee toolce
a part in this ship which llath made one voyage to
Terceirt~ and laded a t St. Georgcs hack to Bostott ;
ancl because wee discouraged the scilcling her to us
by reason of the Badness and Denriless of wines,
said M' 0Ziver sent for London, eitl~er to sel her
there or to Dispatch her to Madeira. If shee cornes
hither we believe shall sell her here. Wee tha~lli
your advice.
We are, God be praised, a t the 12th Ditto.
Three clays past arived a large 1Cetch froin Terceira,
with 150 Mojs of \&'heate. WC let her out to freight
on this voyage. Shee belongs t o Messrs. H u n t nicd
Roberis of Barbados. Soe soone as discharged sl~all
begin to ladc upon her, and believe sllall have place
in her t o ship t h c 50 Pipes you order. She is called
the Mary, Robcrt Rnowles, Comander.
Kiss your hands ntld remairie . . .
W. B. & Co.
INDEX RERUM
IAYS. 1696: 7.
bfALMSEYS. ?dALVAZIAS, R ~ A L V A ~ I A . I696 : 13. I 6 ; 1697 :
20, 21 ; 1699 : 60, 72; 1700 : 80. 81, 82, 83, 86, 93. g4.
OIL. 1698 : 48 ; I700 : g4.
PEASE. 1704: 80.
PaRI'ETUANAS. 1697 : 26. 29.
P n w r e n : Bedpans, Cranes, Disllcs and Platcs. 1609 : G?.
Powosn. 169s: I .
P I I U N B L I . ~1695
~ . : I.
I~lnlIoN. 1698 : 56.
l7.1,~. rGgG: 7 ; 1609: 72.
SACI<ING ;nid SACI(S. 1699 : 59 ; 1700 : 84, 85.
SALT 1696: 18; 1698 : 1699 : 68.
SALTF I S ~ I . 1699 : 66.
SAWS(1Iand Snws and C~.ossS a ~ v s ) . rGgg : 65. 70.
SAY11S. 1697 : 26, 20, 3 1 , 03, 35 ; 1700 : 86.
SERGUS. 1695 : 3 ; 1696: 7, g ; 1699 : 58.
SI~ALLOONS. 1695 : I ; 1696 : g.
Sir.l<. 1696 : 1 7 ; 1697 : 37,
SPI~~TACI.P:S. 1690 : 63. 08.
STOCI(INGS. 169O : 17.
S u c c n ~ r ~16g6
. : 6, 12, 13, 1 6 ; 1697 : 23. 31, 32, 3 4 ; 1698 :
38, 50, 54 ; I : 63, 68. 72 : 1700 : 84, 9.1.
SUGAR, 1696 : 5, 7, 9 ; 1697 : 31, 32, 31 ; 16g8 : 46, 54 ;
1700 : 77.
'I'AR. (Sce 1'rl.cll.)
T E NH U N I I R R I ) ~ . : 9 ; 1697 : 29 ; 1700 : 86.
1696
LJaznl.LA 1,lrnvlrs. 1698 : 54.
VINTAGIT.1 6 ~ 5 : 2 ; 1696: 1 2 , 13, ~6 ; 1697: 31, 31;
1698 : 4.1, 46, 47, 48, so, 55 ; 16gg : 70 ; 1700 : 86,
87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 91. 97.
W ~ m l t s . 1700 : 94, 95.
Wn.sc~rirs. 1698 : 56 ; 1700 : q6.
W116h~. 1695 : 2 ; 16'36: it, 7, 8, 9, 12. 13, 16; 1697 :
21. 26, 27, 31, 31. 3'5, 3 7 ; 16g8: 46. 17. 18. 50, 51. 5 5 ;
1699 : 59, 68, 70, 71, 72 ; 1700 : 78, 81, S?, 84, 85, 87,
88, 91, 92. 94. 95, 97. @.
190 INDEX RERUM
TVINIIS-
Fnyal Wine. 1700 : 95.
Nadeira \Vine. 1695 : I, 2, 3 ; 1696 : q, 7, 8, g, 10, 12,
13. 16, 1 8 : 1697 : 21. 22, 24, 25, 26, 28. 29, 30, 31. 33,
34, 35, 35, 37 ; 1698 : 39. '11, '(2, .t4, 46. 47. 48. 50, 54,
55, 5 6 ; 1699 : 58. 59, 60, 61, 62. 63, 64, 65. 66. 72 ;
I700 : 75, 76. 78, 81, 82. 84. 86, 87. 88. go, 91, 94, 95,
97. 98.
Moselle Rhenish Wine. 1700 : 97.
St. George's Wine. 1700 : 95,
White Winc, 1696 : 12, 13.
Yssso. 1696: 7 ; 1697 : 27.
INDEX LOCORUM.
A ~ I S T E R D A 1696:
~I. 7 ; 1698 : 46. 50 ; 1700 : 82.
ANGOLA. 1697 : 22. 25 ; 1700 : g4.
ANTIGUA.I696 : 4, 7, 9 ; 1697 : 3 6 ; 1698 : 39, 44, '(8;
1699 : 59. 65, 67, 71 ; 1700 : 75, 76, 79, 97.
A ~ s u h l(SCC TOPSIIAAI).1700 : 84.
BmlIA (Umzil). 169G : 18.
U A ~ I ~ A D 1695O ~ . : 2 ; 1696 : 5, 7, 8, 10, 12, 15. 16, 17, 18,
9 1697: 25, 28, 29, 31, 32, 31, 3 6 ; 1698 : 39, 42,
'1-3. 4.1, 46. '17, 48. 50. 5 6 : I : 58. 59, 61, 66, 72 ;
I700 : 75, 76. 79. 80, 81. 8.1. 86, 89, go, 95, 98.
RARBARY.1698: 46.
Ullchlunns or SuhluElt ISLANDS. ~ 6 9 :6 7 ; 1697 : 3.1, 36 ;
1698: 4 7 ; 1700 : 80,
BIR~~INGIIA ~ I .: 63.
1699
U o s r o ~(New Eugln~td). 1696: 7, 13. 15 ; 1697 : 36, 37 ;
1698 : 50 ; 1699 : 65, 71 ; 1700 : 98.
B B ~ Z I L .169.5 : 2 ; 1696: I 2 ; 1697 : 31 ; 169g : 58, 59.
URISTOL. 1695 : 2 ; 1696 : 4, 6, 7, q ; 1697 : 26, 36, 37 ;
1700 : 76, 79, 79, 80, 97.
Cnolz. 1606 : 4, 6, 7 ; 1697 : 27. 33, 35, 36 ; 1699 : 62, 66,
G8 ; 1700 : go, 93.
CANARYISI.ANDS. 1696 : 6, 14 ; 1697 : 21, 30 ; 1698 :
47, 57 ; I699 : 61, 62, 6.1. ; I700 : 72, 75. 76, 90. 91,
97.
C A I ~1113
I ~ VI?I~DE ISLANDS. I698 : 39, 43 ; 1699 : 7.1 ; 1700 :
Q57 97.
CAPE 017 GOODI-IOI'B. 1699 : 58.
INDEX LOCORUM 191
CARTAGBNA,16g7 : 31.
CIIBI.SEA. 1696 : 6 ; 1697: 23, 2 4 .
Conrc. 1696 : q ; 1698 : 41 ; 1699 : 58 ; 1700 : 9 2 .
CORUNA. 1695 : I ; 1696 : I 9 ; 1697 : 22, 23, 27.
CWRACAO.1696 : 7 ; 1697: 31, 36.
DARTMOU.TII1695 : I .
DEAL. 16g8: 5 2 . 53.
DOVER. 16q8 : 45, 53.
DOWNS. 1696 : 9 : 1698 : 52. 5 3 ; 1690 : 65 ; 1700 : 82.
DUBLIN. 1696 : 8 ; 1700 : 80.
I ~ U N I < I R I <1699 . : 58, 66.
II~lNorrRGl1. 16g8 : 4 8
ExlrTli~. 1695 : 3 ; 1699 : 58.
l i ~ ~ n r o n T l i .1700 : 82, 84.
DAYAL(Az01.c~). I696 : 17 ; 1099 : 59, 66.
I~I.USIIING. 1696 : 7, I 3 ; 1697 : 34 : 1700 : 95.
L ~ R A N C E . 1696: 7 : 1699: 68.
GALWAY(CAlllo~ily). 1697: 26, 27, 28.
G I L ~ R A I - T(Strcigllis
AI~ of). 1698 : 45.
C;ahvlisiiNn. 1699 : 72.
GUINEA. I G ~ G: g ; 1698 : ,l8 ; r7no : 95.
I - I n ~ n u a c . 1697 : 3.1, 37.
I-IAVREv13 Gnncl'i. 1698 : '15.
H r s l ~ A N o r . I A (S. :DOAIINGO, I-IAITI). 1695 : 2.
HOLLAND. 1696 : 12, 1 6 ; 1697 : 32 : 1698 : 4 6 ; 1699 :
71. 7".
HORSLSY DOWN. 1700 : 88.
I N u I A ( h s t Indics). 1696: g ; 1698: .+S, 5 1 ; 1699 :
60, (ir, 52, 6 7 ; 1700: 95,
larr.AN~,. 1696 : 7 ; 16g7: 27. 33 ; 1698 : 39, '$3 ; 1700 :
75, 81.
J n a r n l c ~ . 16o5: ? : 1696: 7, r a ; 1697: 31, 3 6 ; 1698:
39, '10 ; I ( i m : ( ~ o .63 ; 1700 : 75, 78, 79. 85, 88, 91.
KINSAI.P:. 16!)5 : I .
~ ~ ~ N ~ h S l ' l i 1698l < . : 51.
~ ~ l i l ~ ~ISLANIJS. ~ l l l l 1695 : 2 ; I696 : 7, Io ; 1697 : 21 ;
1700 : 75, 77, 7 8
Llvrral~ool.. r6gG : 18 ; 1697 : 27 ; 1700 : 8.1, 88,
R ~ A I . ~ A C A S CIOOS A I ~ .: 30.
R l a ~ n c n . 1700 : Br.
hlAaslirr.Lus. 1697 : 34 ; 1700 : 9 3 .
hlAzAGnh$. 1699 : 59.
NANms. 1697: 23 ; 1698 : 30.
102 INDEX LOCORUM
1700: 89, 92.
NEW ENGLAND.1696 : 7 : 1697 : 31, 36, 37 ; 1698 : ,l3 ;
1699 : 6 7 ; 1700 : 80, 81. 82, 97, 98.
NEW SORI<. 1695 : 2 ; 1696: 13 ; 1697: 3.1 ; 1698 :
47, 48 ; 1699 : 67 ; 1700 : So. 82.
PENSII.VANIA. 1695: 2 ; 1697: 27: 1700 : g,,, 95,
. : g, 18 ; 1697 : 37,
I ' a ~ ~ ~ n r n u c o1696
PLYMOUTII. 16g5 : I , 2, 3 ; 16gG : 7 ; 1698 : 43, ~1,):
1700: 97.
PonTonaLi.0. 1697 : 31.
P o ~ t ~ cSANTO.
o 1696: 8 ; 1.697: 31 : 1698 : 47. 48.
PonTshrouTlr, 1696 : 7 ; 1697 : z . ~ ,29.
Rlloor: ISLANI). 1696 : 7 ; 16gg : 66.
ROCIIELI.~?. 1696 : 13.
RO~I.TLRL)A~%, 1698 : 51 ; 1699 : 72.
ROUEN. 1697: 36.
Snrlirh. 1698 : '10,
ST. CIIIIISTOI~IIBR. I698 : 47.
ST. GEOBGB'S(AEOTCS).1700 : 98.
ST. MALO. 1696 : 7 ; 1698 : 46.
ST. MARY(Arorcs). 1698 : 45, 55.
ST. MICIIAEL'S. I697 : 22, 30, 31, 34 ; 1698 : 46, 47, 55 ;
1700 : 92, 97.
ST. UVALS. 1699 : 74.
SEVILLE. I700 : 83.
SlCILIA. 1700 : 94.
TBNE11IPI:E (SCC illso Canary Jslnn~ls). 1698: 4 6 ; 1699:
58 ; 1700 : 76.
Taacl?lxn (Azarcs). 1695 : I, 2, 3 ; 1696 : 4, 10. 12 : 1697:
22, 26, 27, 30, 33, 3.1, 3 7 ; l698 : 40, 41, ,+G,'17, 50, 55 ;
i6gg : I , 6 6 71 ; 1700 : 78, 80, 81, 92, 95, 97, 98.
TOI'SITA~I. I700 : 75,
UsllANl'. 1696 : 9.
V I n c r ~ l h . 1699 : Go, G7 : 1700 : 80, 84. 95.
Wnnwlel<. 1695 : I ; 1606 : IO ; 1697 : 23, 2.1, 29 ; 1098 :
38, '19. 51 ; 9 : 63, 67. 69 ; 1700 : 77. 83.
WIGRT (ISLE on). 1696 : 7.
YOUG~IAL. 1696 : 7, g.
England, London, l'orlugal, L.isbon, A'lndcira, Azoros or
Western islands llave not bcon inclcxcd, b u t tlloy are men-
tioned in practically every one of tllc Bolt011 Letters.

1695

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ICL>,'Cl<,, l,,.

A N I ~ R ~L.~ ;SIMON, F.R.fIist.:i.

I have prcservecl i t throllgllout. :In fact, tllc oiily

<,l I l l ! I)a!;l swccl..~~~onts irl 1l1c

I writ you a few lines p'. the Express that G a p

The above confirme coppy of our last, since which

Yesterday came on the Letters fr. El~glatrd, bnt

We now send you a duplicate and coppy of our

MADEIRA, rgllc Afiril 1696.

I am, God bc praised, att the 11 currl" expecting

(The damaged Bays fetched 150 Milreis at public

I am now arrived a t this City where I have letters

LISBON, 15th APvil 1697.

Let my father and Couein Bolton Know that I am

The above is coppy of our last, since which arrived

Yours oi ye 19th instant I have received, by which

Since thc abovc, nrived the Plterri.~.,Capp" Jeferys,

OFF DOVEII, Mo?tday, 23 May (old style) 1698.

[" W. B.," who was expected daily at Madeira,

I addressed a few Lines from Denle, on Satterdny

IJlease to send us twenty y . of Nuns Serges. You

We cloe not think it Pritdelice that the Pink should

P.S. We are expecting a ship from Messrs. Hall t o

5th December 1699.

The above is Coppy of what we addressed via

P.S. We should be glad to hear from you ofener

Ilere hat11 arived from London soe many ships

Since the aforegoing arivecl a ship of Bristol, via

This day is come into Porte his Majesties ship the

This goes via Barbados, pT Cappn l'roward, on whom

zznd Marclt 1700.

zqtlt March 1700.

3rd May I700.

24th May 1700.

10 p, long Bocking, viz.; 6 Blew, z Red and z Musk

Ryals now goe current for 75 reis,'but few People

We confirme the aforegoing Coppy of our last w"h

Wheat sels slowly : indeed wc may scarce [sell] any

The prmo currtt, arived the LnereLia, cappn Ball,

g108. 13. 04.

Wee note your Inteiltion to send a ship for zoo Pipes

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