How to make polymers?

A Polymerization process consist of three stages:

1 2 3 Monomer preparation Polymerization polymer recovery

(1) Monomer preparation

This is not discussed here, other than to emphasize that the purity of the monomer is paramount.

(2) polymerization

Uniformity of polymer properties is absolutely necessary not only includes MW, etc., but other factors such as color, shape of polymer particle ( if not palletized or granulated / ) catalyst residues / odor etc

(2) polymerization
The polymerization operation has to cope with the following parameters
I. Homogeneous or heterogeneous / reactions

II. In homogeneous system, control the viscosity / III. Most polymerizations are exothermic /, heat has to be removed since most polymerization are performed at constant temperature, isothermal /,heat removal IV. Control of MW and MWD, branching and cross-linking

(2) polymerization
The polymerization process affects these whether batch, semi-batch or continuous.
of The residence time polymerization, whether narrow or broad, also determines MW and MWD

As a general rule, once a process has been perfected it is not altered, unless economics dictate a change

(3) polymer recovery

Unless the polymerization takes place in bulk bulk, separation from the solvent has to be carried out. The conventional methods of recovering chemicals, e.g., crystallization, distillation, adsorption, etc. are not be used because polymers possess properties such as high viscosity and low solubility in solvents, and are sticky and non-volatile.

(3) polymer recovery

Nevertheless, Precipitation by using a nonsolvent followed by centrifuging centrifuging, or by coagulation of an emulsion or latex and removal the solvent by steam steam-striping can be used.

Polymerization techniques
Most polymerizations are performed in the liquid phase using either a batch or a continuous process. The continuous method is preferred There are five general methods of polymerization: bulk or mass solution slurry or precipitation suspension or dispersion emulsion


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