Latin Everywhere Everyday

Latin Everywhere,
Everyday
Teachers Manua l
Elizabeth Heimbach
Bolchazy-Carducci Publishers, Inc.

Wauconda, Illinois USA
Editor LeaAnn A. Osburn Typography and Cover Design Adam Phillip Velez
Latin Everywhere, Everyday Teachers Manual Elizabeth Heimbach Audio CD James Chochola
Copyright 2004, by Bolchazy-Carducci Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America
2005
by United Graphics
BOLCHAZY-CARDUCCI PUBLISHERS, INC. 1000 Brown Street, Unit 101 Wauconda, Illinois 60084 U.S.A. www.bolchazy.com ISBN: 0-86516-589-0
CONTENTS
Chapter One: Chapter Two: Answers to Chapter One: Sententiae Latinae Answers to Chapter Two: Sententiae Latinae Review Answers to Chapter Three: Mottoes Answers to Chapter Four: Mottoes Review Answers to Chapter Five: Abbreviations Answers to Chapter Six: Abbreviation Review Answers to Chapter Seven: Projects and Games with Additional Games and Activities Sententiae Quizzes and Answers Motto Quizzes and Answers Abbreviations Quiz and Answers Oral Questions and Answers for Latin Students 1
39 49 73 79 85
Chapter Three: Chapter Four: Chapter Five: Chapter Six: Chapter Seven:
89 97 125 135
Chapter Eight: Chapter Nine: Chapter Ten: Chapter Eleven:
139
Chapter One
Answers to Chapter One

Sententiae Latinae
2 Chapter One
Exercises, p. 3
I.
Write the English meaning for each Latin expression: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. ab ovo usque ad mala ab ovo ab initio ad hoc ad hominem ad innitum from eggs to apples, from beginning to end from the egg, from the beginning from the beginning to this, for this purpose to the man, personal to the innite, endlessly
II. Fill in the blank with the Latin expression that is translated in the parentheses: 1. Our town has formed an ad hoc (for this purpose) committee to look into the issue of recycling. The group will consider the present program ab ovo, or ab initio (from the beginning). Then, the committee will redesign the program ab ovo usque ad malo (from beginning to end). One of the members of the new committee has a reputation for talking ad innitum (endlessly), but no one will make an ad hominem (personal) attack on him.
2.
3.
4.
Answers to Chapter One 3
Exercises, p. 5
I.
Write the English meaning for each Latin expression: 1. 2. 3. ad libitum (ad lib.) ad nauseam alibi at pleasure, without preparation to seasickness, to the point of disgust elsewhere, defense of being elsewhere when a crime was committed nourishing mother, school or college attended or school song foster child, graduate of a school or college
4.
alma mater
5.
alumnus, alumna
II. Review all the Latin expressions you have learned. Then match each expression with its English meaning: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. J A D H G E B F I C ab ovo usque ad mala alibi ad hoc ad hominem ad innitum alumnus, alumna ad lib. alma mater ad nauseam ab initio A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. elsewhere without preparation from the beginning for this purpose graduate of a school nourishing mother endlessly personal to the point of disgust from beginning to end
4 Chapter One
Exercises, p. 7
I.
Write the English meaning for each Latin expression: 1. 2. alter ego amicus curiae another self, perfect substitute or deputy friend of the court, a person who advises the court on a matter before it He (God) has nodded at (our) undertakings, He (God) has favored (our) undertakings in the year of the Lord, Common Era before the war, before the American Civil War
3.
annuit coeptis
4. 5.
anno Domini (A.D.) ante bellum
II. Answer briey: 1. During what period of American history did Eli Whitney invent the cotton gin? The antebellum period Who was Dr. Jeckylls alter ego? Mr. Hyde What is another way to write the date 79 CE? A.D. 79 Why would someone submit an amicus curiae brief to a court? To give the judge information Where would you nd the words, annuit coeptis on the dollar bill? What other Latin phrases can you nd? Above the pyramid on the back are the words novus ordo seclorum (new world order) and e pluribus unum (out of many one).
2.
3.
4.
5.
III. Write English sentences to show that you know the meaning of amicable and belligerent. Some sample sentences are below. 1. 2. After the dispute, the quarrelsome neighbors came to an amicable agreement. The bully clenched his sts in a belligerent way.
Exercises, p. 9
I.
Write the English meaning for each Latin expression: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. ante meridiem (A.M.) arma virumque cano ars gratia artis ars longa, vita brevis ave atque vale before noon, in the morning I sing of arms and the man, I tell of wars and a hero art for the sake of art art (is) long, life (is) short hail and farewell, hello and goodbye
II. How many Latin words do you remember? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. ante vita brevis longa virum before life short long man
III. Give the meaning of each English word: 1. 2. 3. 4. virile = manly vital = of, pertaining to, or necessary to life abbreviate = shorten valedictorian = a student, usually with the highest academic rank, who gives a farewell address vitamin = any of a group of organic substances essential in small quantities to metabolism
5.
6 Chapter One
Exercises, p. 11
I.
Write the English meaning for each Latin expression: 1. 2. bona de calvo turpius est nihil comato carpe diem casus belli cave canem in good faith, genuine nothing (is) uglier than a bald (man) with hair
3. 4. 5.
seize the day, enjoy today cause of war beware of the dog
II. Unscramble these Latin words: 1. 2. 3. 4. perac mied = carpe diem abno edif = bona de menac acev = cave canem libel ssuac = casus belli
III. Draw a sketch of someone about whom you might say, Calvo turpius est nihil comato! A sample sketch is below.
Exercises, p. 13
I.
Write the English meaning for each Latin expression: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. caveat emptor circa (ca., c.) cogito ergo sum confer (cf.) cornucopia let the buyer beware around, approximately I think, therefore I am compare horn of plenty
II. How many abbreviations do you remember? Give the Latin words and the English meaning for each: Latin Words 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. ad lib. A.D. A.M. ca., c. cf. ad libitum anno Domini ante meridiem circa confer English Meaning at pleasure, without preparation in the year of the Lord, Common Era before noon, in the morning around, approximately compare
III. What do each of these English words mean: 1. 2. emporium = a store caveat = a warning
8 Chapter One
Exercises, p. 15
I.
Write the English meaning for each Latin expression: 1. 2. 3. corpus delicti credo cui bono the body of an offense, the basic element of a crime I believe, a set of rm beliefs to whom for a good, to whose advantage, for whose benet with a grain of salt, with a little disbelief, not too seriously with praise, with honor
4.
cum grano salis
5.
cum laude
II. Review expressions 2535. Then match each expression with its English meaning: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. C B D J A H E I G F cave canem caveat emptor circa (ca., c.) cogito ergo sum confer (cf.) corpus delicti credo cui bono cum grano salis cum laude A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. compare let the buyer beware beware of the dog approximately set of beliefs with praise, honor with a little disbelief body of an offense to whose advantage I think, therefore I am
Exercises, p. 17
I.
Write the English meaning for each Latin expression: 1. curriculum vitae lap of life, resume, summary of ones career from the fact, in fact, in reality from law, by law concerning tastes there is to be no dispute, there is no accounting for tastes the law does not care about the smallest things, the law is not concerned with tries
2. 3. 4.
de facto de jure de gustibus non est disputandum de minimis non curat lex
5.
II. Use your knowledge of Latin to nd the best meaning for these English words: 1. jurisprudence a. the science and philosophy of medicine b. the science and philosophy of architecture c. the science and philosophy of law gustatory a. disgusting b. tasteless c. having to do with taste minimal a. least b. most c. major curricle a. part of a ngernail b. a small horse drawn carriage c. contamination disputatious a. argumentative b. tasteless c. legal
2.
3.
4.
5.
10 Chapter One
Exercises, p. 19
I.
Write the English meaning for each Latin expression: 1. de mortuis nil nisi bonum de novo deus ex machina about the dead (say) nothing except good
2. 3.
from the new, anew god from the machine, any articial or improbable device used to resolve the difculties of a plot one learns by teaching the masks of a drama, (cast of) characters in a play
4. 5.
docendo discitur dramatis personae
II. Write an English word that is related to each of these Latin words. Some sample answers are below. 1. discitur (1) discipline = training to act in accordance with rules, drill (2) disciple = one who assists in spreading the teachings of another mortal = human being docent = guide novice = beginner
2. 3. 4.
mortuis docendo novo
III. Pick three of the expressions from numbers 4145, and use each in an English sentence that shows the meaning. Some sample sentences are below. 1. 2. 3. De mortuis nil nisi bonum is the motto of the reporter who writes obituaries. Lets begin the discussion de novo. Eliots novel, The Mill on the Floss, ends with a deus ex machina, when a ood drowns everyone The new teacher often said, Docendo discitur. When I go to see a play, I always read the list of the dramatis personae in my theater program.
4. 5.
Exercises, p. 21
I.
Write the English meaning for each Latin expression: 1. dulce et decorum est pro patria mori e pluribus unum it is sweet and tting to die for ones country
2.
out of many (ingredients) one (stew), out of many (backgrounds/states) one (nation) with merit, retired to err is human, everybody makes mistakes and the others
3. 4. 5.
emeritus, emerita errare humanum est et alia (et al.)
II. Use your knowledge of Latin to gure out what each English word means. Then, check a dictionary. Write the correct denition and an English sentence showing that you understand the meaning of each word. Some sample denitions and sentences are below. 1. dulcimer = a modern folk instrument with three or four strings plucked or strummed with the ngers The concert ended with a musician playing a dulcimer and singing a sad song. erratum (pl. errata) = an error in writing or printing The errata are found at the end of the article. pluralistic = characteristic of a society in which minority groups participate fully in the dominant society yet maintain their cultural differences. The United States has a pluralistic culture. expatriate = dwelling in a foreign land; exiled The American expatriates celebrated Thanksgiving together. decorum = the customs and observances of polite society Everyone behaved with decorum at the formal dinner.
2.
3.
4.
5.
12 Chapter One
Exercises, p. 23
I.
Write the English meaning for each Latin expression: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. et cetera (etc.) et tu, Brute? ex cathedra ex libris ex nihilo nihil t and the rest Also you, Brutus? Even you, Brutus? from (the bishops) chair, with authority from the books, from the library (of) Nothing is made from nothing.
II. Use the Latin you have learned to translate the following words: (Hint: some of these words are from expressions you learned earlier.) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. ex et tu cum nihil ego vita lex est bellum from, out of and, also, even you with nothing I life law is war
Exercises, p. 25
I.
Write the English meaning for each Latin expression: 1. 2. ex ofcio ex post facto from the ofce, by virtue of ones position from what is done afterward, retroactively, subsequently out of the time, at the moment, on the spur of the moment for the sake of an example, for example let him/her leave, a permission to leave
3.
ex tempore
4. 5.
exempli gratia (e.g.) exeat
II. Look over the abbreviations you have learned from 3660. Give the Latin and the English for each: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. e.g. C.V. et al. etc. ca., c. cf. exempli gratia curriculum vitae et alia et cetera circa confer for example, for the sake of an example resume, summary of ones life and the others and the rest around, approximately compare
III. Use one of the abbreviations in exercise II in a sentence which shows you know its meaning. Some sample sentences are below. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Many great movies, e.g., Return of the King, are based on books. To apply for the job you must submit your C.V. The books authors are listed as Smith, Jones, et al. Pack your toothbrush, pajamas, etc. for the overnight. Many exciting discoveries characterize the fteenth century, ca. 1492. The article about Charlotte Brontes unusual childhood ended with the reference, cf. Emily and Anne Bronte.
14 Chapter One
Exercises, p. 27
I.
Write the English meaning for each Latin expression: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. exit exeunt omnes festina lente at lux nis he/she leaves, way out they all leave make haste slowly let there be light, let light be made the end
II. Match: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. B A E C D at lux festina lente exit nis exeunt omnes A. B. C. D. E. hurry slowly let there be light, let light be made the end they all leave way out
III. Find out three facts about the Roman emperor Augustus, whose motto was festina lente. List them below. Some sample answers are below. 1. 2. 3. 4. Augustus real name was Octavius. His dates are 63 BCE14 CE. Augustus was the great nephew and adopted son of Julius Caesar. Augustus wife was named Livia, and his daughter was named Julia. The month of August was named in Augustus honor.
Exercises, p. 29
I.
Write the English meaning for each Latin expression: 1. 2. genius loci habeas corpus guardian spirit of a place may you have the body (of evidence), right of citizens to avoid unlawful imprisonment wise human, human being in the same place that is, in other words
3. 4. 5.
homo sapiens ibidem (ibid.) id est (i.e.)
II. Connect the beginning of each expression to its missing part (hint: some of the expressions are from 6070): 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. exeunt festina exempli genius homo habeas loci corpus sapiens lente gratia omnes
III. Circle the best meaning for each English word: 1. sapient A. B. C. A. B. C. A. B. C. wise saline stupid god priest genius related to a human homely small insect
2.
deity
3.
hominid
16 Chapter One
Exercises, p. 31
I.
Write the English meaning for each Latin expression: 1. 2. 3. ignis fatuus ignoramus ignorantia legis neminem excusat in absentia in extremis foolish re, something misleading, will-o-the-wisp we are ignorant, an extremely ignorant person ignorance of the law excuses no one
4. 5.
in ones absence among the last things, in extreme circumstances, at the point of death
II. Write the denition of each English word. Then write the Latin word from which each English word is derived. Some sample denitions are below. 1. fatuous foolish fatuus set on re ignis intense extremis
2.
ignite
3.
extreme
III. Fill in the blank with the Latin expression that is translated in the parentheses: 1. 2. When it comes to spelling I am an ignoramus (an extremely ignorant person). The ignis fatuus (will-o-the-wisp) proved to be nothing more than moonlight reected in the puddle. The drowning swimmer cried out for help when he was in extremis (at the point of death). My friend was not at the meeting so she was elected secretary of the group in absentia (in absence).
3.
4.
Exercises, p. 33
I.
Write the English meaning for each Latin expression: 1. in agrante delicto in a burning crime, caught red handed, caught in the act in this sign you will conquer in place of a parent into the midst of things in memory
2. 3. 4. 5.
in hoc signo vinces in loco parentis in medias res in memoriam
II. Answer briey. Some sample answers are below. 1. What is the Latin root of the English word agrant? What does the Latin word mean? What does agrant mean? agrante = burning agrant = shockingly noticeable What kind of ancient literature begins in medias res? Give an example. epic The Iliad, the Odyssey, the Aeneid In what section of a newspaper would you nd the phrase in memoriam? the obituaries Where did Maxentius and Constantine ght a decisive battle for control of the Roman Empire? The Milvian Bridge What sign did Constantine see the night before the battle with Maxentius? = Chi Rho
2.
3.
4.
5.
18 Chapter One
Exercises, p. 35
I.
Write the English meaning for each Latin expression: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. in re in situ in toto in utero in vacuo in the matter (of) in place, in its original position in total, entirely in the womb, unborn in a vacuum
II. Give the Latin word which means: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. womb emptiness place, position a court case entirety utero vacuo situ re toto
III. Answer briey. Sample answers are below: 1. If archeologists are studying artifacts in situ, what are they doing? They are looking at the artifacts in the place they found them. They have not moved them. Why does the English word vacuum have two us? The Latin word vacuus has two us.
2.
Exercises, p. 37
I.
Write the English meaning for each Latin expression: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. in vino veritas in vitro ipso facto lapsus calami/lapsus pennae lapsus linguae in wine (there is) truth in a glass container, in a test tube by the fact itself, by that very fact slip of the pen slip of the tongue
II. Review the last ten expressions you have learned and then match: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. D J G F E A B C I H in vitro in utero ipso facto lapsus calami/lapsus pennae lapsus linguae in re in situ in toto in vacuo in vino veritas A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. in the case (of) in place on the whole in a glass container slip of the tongue slip of the pen by that very fact in wine (there is) truth in emptiness in the womb, unborn
20 Chapter One
Exercises, p. 39
I.
Write the English meaning for each Latin expression: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. lapsus memoriae libra (lb.) locum tenens magna cum laude magnum opus slip of the memory weight, pound (one) holding a place, a substitute with great praise great work, masterpiece
II. Fill in the blank with the Latin expression that is translated in the parentheses: 1. 2. 3. The outstanding student will graduate magna cum laude (with great praise). Many consider Hamlet to be Shakespeares magnum opus (masterpiece). Have you ever suffered a lapsus memoria (slip of the memory) when taking a quiz? The label on the bag of sugar said ten lbs. (pounds).
4.
III. You should now know 95 Latin expressions commonly found in English. For the next week, look in magazines and newspapers, internet sites, and books. Find at least 3 of the phrases or their abbreviations and note them below: Note to teachers: e.g., i.e., etc., lb., in memoriam, and exit are especially easy to nd. Answers will vary from student to student.
Exercises, p. 41
I.
Write the English meaning for each Latin expression: 1. 2. mandamus memento mori we command, order by a higher court be mindful of dying, remember (that you) are mortal (by) my fault a sound mind in a sound body amazing to say
3. 4. 5.
mea culpa mens sana in corpore sano mirabile dictu
II. Draw a scene with stick gures. Have one of the gures saying a Latin expression. A sample scene is below. oops, mea culpa
22 Chapter One
Exercises, p. 43
I.
Write the English meaning for each Latin expression: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. modus operandi (M.O.) modus vivendi morituri te salutamus ne plus ultra nemo est supra leges way of operating way of living, lifestyle we (who are) about to die salute you no more beyond, the pinnacle, the top no one is above the law
II. Supply the missing word: 1. 2. 3. 4. morituri te salutamus modus vivendi ne plus ultra nemo est supra leges
III. Give the meaning of these English words. Some sample answers are below. 1. 2. 3. vivacious = lively exculpate = to clear of guilt culpable = guilty
Exercises, p. 45
I.
Write the English meaning for each Latin expression: 1. 2. 3. nihil per os nil desperandum nolo contendere nothing by mouth nothing must be despaired of, never give up I do not want to contest, plea by a defendant essentially admitting guilt not sound of mind it does not follow, an illogical statement
4. 5.
non compos mentis non sequitur
II. Abbreviations are always a little tricky. How many do you remember? Give the Latin and the English for each: Latin 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. ibid. i.e. lb. M.O. n.p.o. ibidem id est libra modus operandi nihil per os English in the same place that is, in other words pound way of operating nothing by mouth
24 Chapter One
Exercises, p. 47
I.
Write the English meaning for each Latin expression: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. nota bene (N.B.) novus ordo seclorum O tempora! O mores! onus probandi opus citatum, opere citato (op. cit.) note well, pay attention new order of the ages, new world order O the times! O the customs! burden of proving, burden of proof work cited
II. Add the missing word to each expression: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. novus ordo seclorum O tempora! O mores! onus probandi opus citatum nota bene
III. Dene. Some sample answers are below. 1. 2. 3. mores = morals, customs approbation = approval probation = period of time during which a person proves his worth
Exercises, p. 49
I.
Write the English meaning for each Latin expression: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. panem et circenses pater familias pax vobiscum peccavi per annum bread and circuses father of the family peace (be) with you I have sinned by the year, annually
II. Fill in the blank with the Latin expression which is translated in the parentheses: 1. 2. 3. The familys income per annum ( by the year) was sufcient for their needs. As we parted, my friend said, Pax vobiscum (peace be with you). To keep his peoples favor the emperor promised panem et circenses ( bread and circuses). The cruel pater familias (father of the family) refused his daughter permission to marry.
4.
III. Give meanings. Some sample answers are below. 1. 2. impeccable = perfect peccadillo = a little mistake
26 Chapter One
Exercises, p. 51
I.
Write the English meaning for each Latin expression: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. per capita per centum per diem per se persona non grata by heads, individually out of each hundred by the day, daily allowance by itself, intrinsically, directly unwelcome person
II. Unscramble the second part of each expression: 1. 2. 3. per mied = diem per muntec = centum per pacita = capita
III. List as many English words as you can which are derived from grata. Some sample answers are below. gratify gratitude gratuitous grace gracious graceful graceless ungrateful ingrate
Exercises, p. 53
I.
Write the English meaning for each Latin expression: 1. placebo I will please, an inactive medicine given merely to satisfy a patient bridge of donkeys, Euclids fth proposition after this, therefore on account of it after noon after death, examination of a corpse
2. 3. 4. 5.
pons asinorum post hoc, ergo propter hoc post meridiem (P.M.) post mortem
II. Write a short paragraph in which you use three of the expressions above. A sample answer is below. The police detective was immediately suspicious when he got a call at 11:30 P.M. from a school where the Geometry teacher had disappeared. Nothing was missing from the teachers classroom. On the board, the proof of Euclids fth proposition was visible with the words Pons Asinorum clearly written in chalk. A lottery ticket for thousands of dollars lay on the teachers desk. Had the math teacher won the lottery and simply left his job? Post hoc, ergo propter hoc, said the principal when he heard the detectives report.
28 Chapter One
Exercises, p. 55
I.
Write the English meaning for each Latin expression: 1. post scriptum (PS) written after, an afterthought added to a completed letter or book at rst appearance, obvious on the face of it for the peoples good, free on behalf of the form, for the sake of appearance according to a xed share, in proportion
2. 3. 4. 5.
prima facie pro bono publico pro forma pro rata
II. Review phrases 126135. Then complete the matching: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. I F C J E H D G B A pro bono publico pro forma pro rata post hoc, ergo propter hoc placebo pons asinorum post meridiem (P.M.) post mortem post scriptum (PS) prima facie A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. at rst appearance written after in proportion after noon fake medication for forms sake after death Euclids fth proposition free after this, therefore on account of it
Exercises, p. 57
I.
Write the English meaning for each Latin expression: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. pro se pro tempore quis custodiet ipsos custodes? qui tacet consentit quidnunc on ones own behalf, in ones own defense for the time being, temporarily who will guard the guards themselves? he/one who is silent consents what now, busybody
II. It is time to look at abbreviations again. Write the Latin and the English for these abbreviations. 1. 2. 3. pro tem. P.M. PS pro tempore Post Meridiem post scriptum for the time being, temporarily after noon written after, an afterthought added to a completed letter or book
III. Describe a situation in which you might use the phrase quis custodiet ipsos custodes. A sample answer is below. A security rm is trying to interest a business owner in hiring his company to guard its warehouse. The business owner might question the security rm with the phrase, Quis custodiet ipsos custodes?
30 Chapter One
Exercises, p. 59
I.
Write the English meaning for each Latin expression: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. quid pro quo quod erat demonstandum (Q.E.D) quod vide (q.v.) rara avis re something for something, tit for tat that which was to be proved which see, refer to a rare bird, an unusual person in the matter, thing, affair; regarding
II. Give an example of a situation in which someone might write Q.E.D. A sample answer is below. On a math test when you have worked on a problem and you know you have the correct answer, you might write Q.E.D.
III. Give an example of a situation in which someone might offer quid pro quo. A sample answer is below. When someone hits you, you hit him or her back.
Exercises, p. 61
I.
Write the English meaning for each Latin expression: 1. 2. 3. 4. rebus recipe (Rx) res ipsa loquitur requiescat in pace (R.I.P.) sanctum sanctorum by things, a puzzle which uses pictures of things take, directions for cooking, symbol for a prescription the thing speaks for itself, the situation is obvious may he/she rest in peace
5.
holy of holies, a very private place
II. Draw a rebus. Write out the English words you have represented visually. The sample rebus below stands for I love you.
III. Do you have a sanctum sanctorum? Describe a real or imagined sanctum sanctorum. A sample answer is below. A small upstairs room far from the kitchen and family room where her family spent most of their time became the writers sanctum sanctorum.
IV. Describe a situation in which someone might exclaim, Res ipsa loquitur! A sample answer is below. The girl looks at the high price of the dress and checks the small amount of money in her purse. Knowing that it is too expensive she says sadly, Res ipsa loquitur...
32 Chapter One
Exercises, p. 63
I.
Write the English meaning for each Latin expression: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. S.P.Q.R. seriatim sic sic transit gloria mundi sine die The Senate and the People of Rome in series thus thus passes the glory of the world without a day, without a date set to reassemble
II. Give the Latin word from which each English word is derived. Then give the meaning of the English word. 1. glorify gloria to honor with praise
2.
transit
transit
transportation
3.
mundane
mundi
secular, commonplace, ordinary
III. Make up an imaginary quotation from a famous person that would require you to use sic. A sample answer is below. Give me library (sic) or give me death. Patrick Henry
Exercises, p. 65
I.
Write the English meaning for each Latin expression: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. sine loco sine qua non stare decisis statim (stat.) status quo ante without a place, without a place of publication listed without which not, the essential element, a necessity the decision stands immediately the condition in which things (were) before
II. Answer briey. Sample answers are below. 1. Why would you write s.l. in a bibliography? You dont know where a book was published. If a peace treaty after a war says that the border between two countries will return to status quo ante, what does it mean? The border will remain as it was before the war. What do doctors do when they hear stat? They hurry to the emergency. What is the sine qua non for you to get a good nights sleep? Clean sheets, comfortable bed, quiet room, etc.
2.
3.
4.
34 Chapter One
Exercises, p. 67
I.
Write the English meaning for each Latin expression: 1. 2. stet sub poena let it stand under penalty, a legal document summoning a person to court under the rose, secretly of its own kind, unique in ones own right
3. 4. 5.
sub rosa sui generis sui juris
II. Use one of the new expressions to answer each question: 1. What is a near synonym for a rara avis ? sui generis What Latin phrase could describe a secret mission? sub rosa What expression would you nd on a page in a corrected manuscript? stet How can a lawyer ensure that a key witness will appear in court? sub poena
2.
3.
4.
Exercises, p. 69
I.
Write the English meaning for each Latin expression: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. summa cum laude tabula rasa tempus fugit terra rma terra incognita with highest praise blank slate time ies solid earth, rm ground unknown land, undiscovered territory
II. Complete each phrase with the missing Latin word: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. tempus tabula terra terra summa fugit rasa rma incognita cum laude
III. Discuss John Lockes theory that the human mind is blank as a tabula rasa at birth. Do you think nature or nurture is more important in shaping a persons character? A sample answer is below. Before John Locke, most people believed that a persons character and intelligence were determined at birth by his genetic heritage. Locke, on the other hand, believed that character and intelligence were determined by experience and environment. It seems clear that both genetic heritage (nature) and environment (nurture) are important in human development.
36 Chapter One
Exercises, p. 71
I.
Write the English meaning for each Latin expression: 1. ultima Thule farthest Thule, the farthest point, the limit of any journey go with me, a reference book or handbook carried at all times I came, I saw, I conquered, a piece of cake, a slam dunk word for word a word to the wise (is) sufcient
2.
vade mecum
3.
veni, vidi, vici
4. 5.
verbatim verbum sapienti
II. Explain what is going on in this scenario. A sample answer is below. The explorer ventured into terra incognita. She lost her precious atlas that had been her vade mecum. She crossed unknown mountains and seas, and as she seemed to approach ultima Thule, she longed for terra rma. At last, she reached her goal and cried, Veni, vidi, vici ! The explorer went into unknown land. She had lost her handbook and as she reached the limit of her journey, she wanted to be on solid ground. At last she arrived and crowed, Slam dunk!
Exercises, p. 73
I.
Write the English meaning for each Latin expression: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. versus (vs., v.) vice versa videlicet (viz.) vivat viva voce against the order having been changed, turn and about namely may he/she live, long live by the living voice, orally, aloud
II. Write out the English meaning of each abbreviation. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Q.E.D. S.P.Q.R. s.l. stat. vs., v. that which was to be proved the Senate and the People of Rome without a place (of publication) listed immediately against
III. Unscramble and translate these words: 1. 2. 3. 4. oevc = voce = voice earsv = versa = changed taviv = vivat = may he/she live, long live eivc = vice= the order
IV. Use the following phrases in English sentences that show their meanings. Sample answers are below. 1. vice versa One group has lunch, the other studies, and then vice versa. videlicet (viz.) Our second president, viz. John Adams, was born in Massachusetts.
2.
Chapter Two
Answers to Chapter Two

Sententiae Latinae Review
40 Chapter two
Review Exercise: The Fabulous Forty, p. 76
Here is a list of forty important Latin words and phrases followed by exercises to help remind you what they mean. You can look up any you do not remember in the Sententiae section of your workbook. Literal translation: 1. 2. 3. ad hoc ad nauseam alibi to this to sea sickness elsewhere More common meaning: for this purpose to the point of disgust defense of being elsewhere when a crime was committed school or college attended, school song graduate of a school or college perfect substitute or deputy genuine enjoy today same as literal same as literal
4.
alma mater
nourishing mother
5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
alumnus, alumna alter ego bona de carpe diem caveat emptor cornucopia
foster child another self in good faith seize the day let the buyer beware horn of plenty
Answers to Chapter two 41
Exercises 110, p. 77
I.
Fill in the blanks with one of the phrases 110: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. The accused burglar had a (an) alibi (defense of being elsewhere) for the time in question. At Thanksgiving the table was decorated with a cornucopia ( horn of plenty). My mother reminded me ad nauseam (to the point of disgust) to clean up my room. The discount is available only to bona de (genuine) students. My friend is an alumna or alumnus (graduate) of my old school. My friend and I have the same alma mater (old school). The assistant secretary is the alter ego (deputy) of the secretary. The principal appointed an ad hoc (for this purpose) committee to look into the question of Saturday classes. A good motto for a bargain hunter is caveat emptor ( buyer beware). Seize the moment could be a translation of the phrase carpe diem.
II. Match: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. F I H B A G C D J E horn of plenty buyer beware genuine defense of being elsewhere seize the day old school for this purpose deputy to the point of disgust graduate A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. carpe diem alibi ad hoc alter ego alumnus cornucopia alma mater bona de caveat emptor ad nauseam
42 Chapter two
Review Exercise: The Fabulous Forty (contd), p. 78
Literal translation: 11. 12. 13. 14. cum laude magna cum laude summa cum laude dramatis personae with praise, with honor with great praise with highest praise the masks of a drama
More common meaning: same as literal same as literal same as literal (the cast of) characters in a play out of many (backgrounds, states) one (nation) retired from the library (of) by virtue of ones position on the spur of the moment
15.
e pluribus unum
out of many (ingredients) one (stew) with merit from the books from the ofce out of the time, at the moment he/she leaves
16. 17. 18. 19.
emeritus, emerita ex libris ex ofcio ex tempore
20.
exit
way out
I.
Give the Latin phrase that you would most likely nd in each setting: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. a theater program: dramatis personae
a penny, a dollar bill, or the Great Seal of the United States: e pluribus unum a bookplate: the diploma of a very good student: the diploma of an excellent student: the diploma of a remarkably outstanding student: the door out of an auditorium: ex libris cum laude magna cum laude summa cum laude exit
II. Give the English meaning of each phrase from question I: 1. 2. cast of characters, the masks of a drama out of many (backgrounds/states) one (nation), out of many (ingredients) one (stew) from the library (of), from the books with praise, with honor with great praise with greatest praise he / she leaves, way out
3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
III. Give the Latin word or phrase which means: 1. 2. 3. retired without rehearsal, on the spur of the moment by virtue of ones ofce emeritus, emerita ex tempore ex ofcio
44 Chapter two
Literal translation: 21. habeas corpus may you have the body (of evidence) wise human in a burning crime
More common meaning: right of citizens to avoid unlawful imprisonment human being caught in the act, caught red-handed same as literal same as literal same as literal an illogical statement same as literal same as literal individually
22. 23.
homo sapiens in agrante delicto
24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30.
in absentia mea culpa non compos mentis non sequitur panem et circenses pater familias per capita
in ones absence by my fault not sound of mind it does not follow bread and circuses father of the family by heads
I.
Give the Latin phrase which means: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. in ones absence my fault human being not of sound mind right of citizens to avoid unlawful imprisonment caught in the act an illogical statement father of the family bread and circuses individually in absentia mea culpa homo sapiens non compos mentis habeas corpus
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
in agrante delicto non sequitur pater familias panem et circenses per capita
II. Use ve of the phrases in question I in English sentences to show that you know what they mean. Sample answers are below. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. The hero was honored in absentia. Mea culpa, cried the waitress when she spilled the soup on her client. Linnaeus designated human beings as homo sapiens. A trust fund was established for the family member who was non compos mentis. Habeas corpus is an important legal tradition in the United States. The thief was arrested in agrante delicto. Your essay presents a strong argument except for one non sequitur in the rst paragraph. A Roman pater familias had the power of life and death over his household. The emperor promised panem et circenses. The per capita income in the city has risen in the last year
46 Chapter two
Literal translation: 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. per se persona non grata pro bono publico quid pro quo sine die by itself unwelcome person for the peoples good something for something without a day
More common meaning: intrinsically, directly same as literal free tit for tat without a day set to reassemble same as literal
36.
status quo ante
the condition in which things (were) before under penalty
37.
sub poena
a legal document summoning a person to court same as literal same as literal same as literal
38. 39. 40.
tabula rasa tempus fugit terra rma
blank slate time ies solid earth, rm ground
I.
Fill in the blanks with the Latin phrase which best completes the sentence: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. After the rough sea I was glad to set foot again on terra rma (rm ground). Locke believed that an infants mind is a tabula rasa ( blank slate). The Senate adjourned sine die (without a day set to reassemble). The sundials legend read tempus fugit (time ies). The attorney spent hours doing pro bono (free) work for clients who could not pay for his services. The State Department declared the alien a persona non grata (unwelcome person). The new agreement will maintain the status quo ante (condition things were before). The poor condition of the road did not cause the accident per se ( by itself ). If you return a kindness for a kindness, this is an example of quid pro quo (tit for tat). The judge issued a sub poena (a legal document summoning a person to court) for the important witness.
6.
7.
8. 9.
10.
II. Complete each Latin phrase with the missing word. Then translate the phrase: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. tabula quid terra sine status rasa pro quo rma die quo ante blank slate tit for tat solid earth, rm ground without a day set to reassemble condition things were before
48 Chapter two
Review Exercise: Verba Sapienti, p. 84
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15.
L K J F O A M C H G B N D E I
quidnunc veni, vidi, vici tabula rasa terra rma sub poena terra incognita vade mecum stet sub rosa videlicet (viz.) verbatim status quo sui generis tempus fugit statim (stat.)
A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O.
unknown land word for word let it stand one of a kind time ies rm ground namely secretly immediately blank slate I came, I saw, I conquered a gossip handbook situation as it stands summons which threatens punishment for noncompliance
Chapter Three
Answers to Chapter Three

Mottoes
50 Chapter three
Exercises, p. 87
I. Sketch the Great Seal of the United States. (Hint: use a one-dollar bill):
II. Explain the similarity between the Latin phrase, e pluribus unum, and the English phrase, a melting pot. A sample answer is below. The Latin phrase describes a soup or stew: a single dish made out of many ingredients. The phrase melting pot is used in English to describe the way American society is made up of people from lots of different cultures.
III. How does the phrase e pluribus unum also apply to the government of the United States? A sample answer is below. Although there are many ( pluribus) states, the United States has one (unum) federal government.
Answers to Chapter three 51
Exercises, p. 89
I.
Write out the Latin and the English for the mottoes of Kansas, Oregon and Alabama: 1. Kansas ad astra per aspera to the stars through difculties Oregon alis volat propriis she ies by her own wings Alabama audemus jura nostra defendere we dare to defend our rights
2.
3.
II. Answer these questions briey: 1. What is the motto of the Royal Air Force? How do you translate it? per ardua ad astra = to the stars through difculties What English word is related to the Latin word jura? jury
2.
III. Complete the chart below: English derivative 1. 2. asperity volatile Meaning of English derivative sharpness, roughness ckle, changeable, easily evaporated having wings bold Latin word aspera volat Translation of Latin rough, difcult she ies
3. 4.
alate audacious
alis audemus
by wings we dare
52 Chapter three
Exercises, p. 91
I.
Write out the Latin and the English for the mottoes of Wyoming, New Mexico, and Kentucky: 1. Wyoming cedant arma togae let arms yield to the toga, let war yield to peace New Mexico crescit eundo it grows as it goes Kentucky Deo gratias habeamus let us have thanks to God
2.
3.
II. Answer briey: 1. What does the word toga symbolize in the motto Cedant arma togae ? What does the word arma symbolize? toga = peace; arma = war What did the Romans call people who wore trousers? bracati
2.
III. Complete the chart below: English derivative 1. 2. 3. deity gratify crescendo Meaning of English derivative god or goddess please a passage in music in which the volume grows louder Latin word Translation of Latin god thanks grows
deo gratias crescit
Exercises, p. 93
I.
Write out the Latin and the English of the mottoes of Maine, Arizona, and South Carolina. Be sure to give two mottoes for South Carolina: 1. Maine dirigo I direct Arizona ditat Deus God enriches South Carolina dum spiro spero as long as I breathe, I hope while there is life, there is hope animis opibus parati prepared in mind and resources
2.
3.
II. Answer briey: 1. What does the ending -o on a Latin verb tell you to understand? (Hint: Look at the motto of Maine) the pronoun I is understood To what tradition does the expression As goes Maine, so goes the nation refer? before computers, the early votes in Maine were used to predict the outcome of an election Where does Arizona get its name? aridus = day + zona = belt, zone
2.
3.
III. Complete the chart below: English derivative 1. 2. 3. spiracle inspire dirigible Meaning of English derivative breathing hole of an insect inuence, impel, arouse airship; able to be steered Latin word Translation of Latin I breathe I breathe I direct
spiro spiro dirigo
54 Chapter three
Exercises, p. 95
I.
Write out the Latin and the English of the mottoes of Massachusetts, North Carolina, Idaho, and New York: 1. Massachusetts ense petit placidam sub libertate quietem with a sword she seeks peaceful quiet with/under liberty North Carolina esse quam videri to be rather than to seem Idaho esto perpetuo be forever New York excelsior higher
2.
3.
4.
II. Answer briey: 1. What is another word in Latin besides ensis, which means sword? gladius Explain the derivation of the English word appetite. Petit means he/she seeks in Latin, and when you have an appetite, you seek food.
2.
III. Complete the chart below: English derivative 1. 2. 3. essence excel petition Meaning of English derivative the most important ingredient to do better, surpass request to a superior authority Latin word Translation of Latin to be higher he/she seeks
esse excelsior petit
Motto Review Exercises #1, pp. 9697
I.
Match: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. C D F H J I E A G B esse quam videri ad astra per aspera esto perpetuo crescit eundo alis volat propriis audemus jura nostra defendere excelsior ditat Deus dum spiro spero dirigo A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. God enriches I direct to be rather than to seem to the stars through difculties higher be forever while there is life, there is hope it grows as it goes we dare to defend our rights it ies on its own wings
II. Which is your favorite motto? Why? Answers will vary from student to student.
56 Chapter three
III. Match the Latin word with its English meaning: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. D A E C B ensis deus arma petit gratia A. B. C. D. E. god thanks she seeks sword weapons
IV. List two mottoes that focus on each theme: 1. peace cedant arma togae (let arms yields to the toga, let war yield to peace) ense petit placidam sub libertate quietem (with a sword she seeks peaceful quiet with/under liberty) 2. religion/God annuit coeptis (He [God] has nodded at [our] undertakings, He [God] has favored our undertakings) Deo gratias habeamus (let us have thanks to God) ditat Deus (God enriches)
Exercises, p. 99
I.
Write out the Latin and the English of the mottoes of Ohio, the District of Columbia, and Oklahoma: 1. Ohio imperium in imperio an empire in an empire District of Columbia (D.C.) justitia omnibus justice for all Oklahoma labor omnia vincit work conquers all
2.
3.
II. Answer briey: 1. What is an English phrase that is very similar in meaning to labor omnia vincit? If at rst you dont succeed, try, try again. Can you translate a similar Latin phrase amor omnia vincit? Love conquers all.
2.
III. Complete the chart below: English derivative 1. omnibus Meaning of English derivative anthology of all the works of a particular author unconquerable having supreme power tedious elegant Latin word Translation of Latin for all
omnibus
2. 3. 4. 5.
invincible imperial laborious elaborate
vincit imperium labor labor
conquers empire work work
58 Chapter three
Exercises, p. 101
I.
Write out the Latin and the English of the mottoes of West Virginia, Colorado, and Connecticut: 1. West Virginia montani semper liberi mountain people (are) always free Colorado nil sine Numine nothing without God Connecticut qui transtulit sustinet He (God) who transplanted sustains
2.
3.
II. Answer briey: 1. Explain the word transtulit in the motto of Connecticut. The early colonists were transplanted from England. Use the expression willy-nilly in an English sentence. A sample answer is below: You must pay your taxes willy-nilly.
2.
III. Complete the chart below: English derivative 1. 2. 3. sempiternal numinous sustain Meaning of English derivative always, forever supernatural maintain Latin word Translation of Latin always God sustains
semper Numine sustinet
Exercises, p. 103
I.
Write out the Latin and the English of the mottoes of Arkansas, Missouri, Maryland: 1. Arkansas regnat populus the people rule Missouri salus populi suprema lex esto let the safety of the people be the supreme law Maryland scuto bonae voluntatis tuae coronasti nos You (God) have crowned us with the shield of your goodwill
2.
3.
II. Answer briey: 1. What do the letters S.P.Q.R. stand for? What does the phrase mean? Senatus Populusque Romanus = the Senate and People of Rome What does the Latin word scuto mean? with the shield
2.
III. Complete the chart below: English derivative 1. 2. 3. regalia voluntary salubrious Meaning of English derivative elegant attire willing healthy Latin word Translation of Latin rules will health
regnat voluntatis salus
60 Chapter three
Exercises, p. 105
I.
Write out the Latin and the English of the mottoes of Michigan, Virginia, and Mississippi: 1. Michigan si quaeris peninsulam amoenam, circumspice if you seek a pleasant peninsula, look around Virginia sic semper tyrannis thus always to tyrants Mississippi virtute et armis by courage and arms
2.
3.
II. Answer briey. Sample answers are below. 1. Why does the Michigan motto mention a peninsula? The state of Michigan is a peninsula. Explain the Latin derivation of peninsula. paene = almost + insula = island Describe the seal of Virginia. a woman with her foot on the neck of a tyrant
2.
3.
III. Complete the chart below: English derivative 1. amenity Meaning of English derivative something pleasant, but not essential thus weapon Latin word Translation of Latin pleasant
amoenus
2. 3.
sic armament
sic arma
thus weapons
Motto Review Exercise #2, pp. 106107
I.
Match: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. D E F C I B J G imperium in imperio justitia omnibus regnat populus nil sine Numine labor vincit omnia virtute et armis montani semper liberi qui transtulit sustinet A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. thus always to tyrants by courage and arms nothing without God an empire in an empire justice to all the people rule he who transplanted sustains let the safety of the people be the supreme law work conquers all mountain people (are) always free
9. 10.
A H
sic semper tyrannis salus populi suprema lex esto
I. J.
II. Use three of these derivatives in sentences to show that you know their meanings: salubrious, amenity, numinous, invincible, regalia. Sample answers are below: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. New England has a salubrious climate. My favorite amenity in my new car is its heated seats. The poet was inspired by the numinous atmosphere of the forest. Our team is invincible. Everyone was decked out in full regalia for the ball.
62 Chapter three
III. Give one motto which focuses on each theme. Sample answers are below. 1. religion/God nil sine Numine (nothing without God) freedom montani semper liberi (mountain people [are] always free) justice justitia omnibus (justice to all) law salus populi suprema lex esto (let the safety of the people be the supreme law) 5. a special characteristic of the state imperium in imperio (an empire in an empire)
2.
3.
4.
IV. Californias motto is the Greek word Eureka, which means I have discovered (it). What was discovered in California in 1848? gold
Exercises, p. 109
I.
Fill in the missing Latin word. Then translate the whole motto: 1. certa bonum certamen ght the good ght crescat scientia, vita excolatur let knowledge grow, let life be perfected Dei sub numine viget under the providence of God it ourishes eruditio et religio learning and religion
2.
3.
4.
II. Give the meaning and the Latin root for each of these English words: English derivative 1. 2. vital vigorous Meaning of English derivative necessary to life strong, active, robust, ourishing learning Latin word
vita viget
3.
erudition
eruditio
III. Answer briey: Does your school have a motto? A. If it has a Latin motto, translate it. Find out who chose it and why. B. If not, make up a motto and explain why you picked it. Answers will vary.
64 Chapter three
Exercises, p. 111
I.
Fill in the missing Latin word. Then translate the whole motto: 1. ex scientia tridens from knowledge the trident, from knowledge power over the sea lux et veritas light and truth lux at let there be light, let light be made ministrare quam ministrari to serve rather than to be served
2.
3.
4.
II. Give the meaning and the Latin root for each of these English words: English derivative Meaning of English derivative truthful allowing light to enter order, decree Latin word
1. 2. 3.
veracious translucent at
veritas lux at
III. Answer briey: 1. What does a trident look like? (You may draw one.) What Roman god had a trident as his symbol? Why is a trident an appropriate symbol for the US Naval Academy? A three pronged pitch fork = symbol of Neptune (Poseidon) who was the god of the sea. Why would a bumper sticker on the car belonging to a Lacrosse player from Yale read LAX et Veritas ? LAX = lacrosse Lux = light Its a play on lux et veritas, the motto of Yale.
2.
Exercises, p. 113
I.
Fill in the missing Latin word. Then translate the whole motto: 1. Numen lumen God (is) light respice, adspice, prospice look to the past, look to the present, look to the future terras irradient they will light up the lands
2.
3.
II. Give the meaning and the Latin root for each of these English words: English derivative Meaning of English derivative bright, shining obvious established truth Latin word
1. 2. 3.
luminous conspicuous verity
lumen respice, adspice, prospice veritas
III. Answer briey: 1. What is the difference between lux and lumen? lux is daylight; lumen is lamplight Why should students look to the present? the past? the future? Education means studying the past (history), the present (literature, languages), the future (science, technology).
2.
66 Chapter three
Exercises, p. 115
I.
Fill in the missing Latin word. Then translate the whole motto: 1. veritas vos liberabit the truth shall make you free festina lente make haste slowly vox clamantis in deserto a voice of (one) crying in the desert fortiter, feliciter, deliter bravely, happily, faithfully
2.
3.
4.
II. Give the meaning and the Latin root for each of these English words: English derivative Meaning of English derivative shout of approval happiness bravery, courage faithfulness Latin word
1. 2. 3. 4.
acclamation felicity fortitude delity
clamantis feliciter fortiter deliter
III. Answer briey: 1. Explain the paradox in festina lente. If youre hurrying, youre not slow, so the two words seem to contradict each other. Can you guess what Magnavox, a brand of audio equipment, means? Big Voice
2.
Exercises, p. 116
I.
Translate each Latin word: 1. 2. 3. 4. curare terram facta verba to care for earth deeds words
II. Which of the mottoes on this page is most appropriate for the organization it represents? Why? Sample answers are below. curare : caring is what a Medical Regiment does descende ad terram: parachuters must descend to earth facta non verba: deeds are more important than words for soldiers
III. True or False (Hint: Find the Latin root of the word in bold to help you with these statements.) False False 1. 2. If somebody is an extraterrestrial, he is from earth. A verbose individual says what he means in only a few words.
68 Chapter three
Exercises, p. 117
I.
Translate each Latin word: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. nunc numquam aut semper delis now never or always faithful
II. Answer briey: 1. How is the word delis sometimes abbreviated? (Hint: Name a march by John Philip Sousa.) (Semper Fidelis, the Sousa march, is often called Semper Fi) What state motto includes the word semper? sic semper tyrannis (VA) montani semper liberi (WVA)
2.
III. True or False (Hint: Find the Latin root of the word in bold to help you with these statements.) False True 1. 2. I am not interested in gossip, said the quidnunc. A journalist who reports on an event with accuracy is said to have delity to the truth.
Exercises, p. 118
I.
Translate each Latin word: 1. 2. arbor potestas tree power
II. Answer briey: 1. Why do you think Lord Fairfax chose this motto? (Hint: say the Latin words aloud) The Latin sounds like Fairfax. Explain the motto of the Atomic Energy Commission Atoms are very small, but when theyre split, they create very great power.
2.
III. True or False (Hint: Find the Latin root of the word in bold to help you with these statements.) False True 1. 2. In horticulture class students learn about bones and skeletons. An urban dweller lives in a city.
70 Chapter three
Exercises, p. 120
I.
Translate each Latin word: 1. 2. 3. leonem mentiri tangere lion lie touch
II. Why do you think the Notley family chose their motto? (Hint: say the English translation aloud.) Notley sounds like not lie.
III. Answer the questions based upon the meaning of the Latin root that is in bold type. Sample answers are below. 1. 2. Name something that is tang ible: Name something that could be described as regal: pen, book a banquet
Exercises, p. 121
I.
Translate each Latin word: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. ecclesia mori vult et sequor sors fertferimus praeda church to die want will be I follow fate bringwe bear spoil
II. Which motto would you pick for your family? Why? Answers will vary from student to student.
III. Answer the questions based upon the meaning of the Latin root that is in bold. Sample answers are below: 1. Name something that should be sequential to something else: Latin II to Latin I Name something that might need to be rect ied: a boundary dispute
2.
Chapter Four
Answers to Chapter Four

Mottoes Review
74 Chapter four
Review Exercises: Mottoes, pp. 124128
Here are the three mottoes of the United States. Translate all three mottoes. e pluribus unum = one out of more, one out of many annuit coeptis = He (God) has nodded at (our) undertakings, He (God) has favored our undertakings novus ordo seclorum = new world order
Now, pick one of the three mottoes, and write two sentences telling why this phrase ts our country. Sample answers are below. 1. E pluribus unum meant a stew or soup, and it ts our country which is home to people of many different backgrounds. It also reminds us that we have many ( pluribus) states and one (unum) federal government. Annuit coeptis ts the United States because we have not nished building our nation. We are constantly embarking on new undertakings. N.B. The word coeptis is related to the Latin verb coepi which means begin, and the phrase on the dollar bill is on top of the unnished pyramid, a symbol of our government as an unnished project. Novus ordo seclorum ts the United States because North America is part of the New World. Our democratic system of government was something new in world history.
2.
3.
What do these Latin words mean? 1. 2. 3. coeptis unum novus undertakings one new
Answers to Chapter four 75
Here are twelve state mottoes. Translate each motto: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. ad astra per aspera alis volat propriis animis opibusque parati dum spiro spero audemus jura nostra defendere cedant arma togae crescit eundo Deo gratias habeamus dirigo ditat Deus ense petit placidam sub libertate quietem esse quam videri to the stars through difculties she ies by her own wings prepared in minds and resources while there is life, there is hope we dare to defend our rights let arms yield to the toga it grows as it goes let us have thanks to God I direct God enriches with a sword she seeks peaceful quiet with liberty to be rather than to seem
Now, match the motto with its state: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. J I K K F G D E C H A B ad astra per aspera alis volat propriis animis opibusque parati dum spiro spero audemus jura nostra defendere cedant arma togae crescit eundo Deo gratias habeamus dirigo ditat Deus ense petit placidam sub libertate quietem esse quam videri A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. Massachusetts North Carolina Maine New Mexico Kentucky Alabama Wyoming Arizona Oregon Kansas South Carolina
76 Chapter four
Here are fourteen more state mottoes. Translate each: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. esto perpetuo excelsior imperium in imperio justitia omnibus labor omnia vincit montani semper liberi nil sine Numine qui transtulit sustinet regnat populus salus populi suprema lex esto be forever higher an empire in an empire justice for all work conquers all mountain people (are) always free nothing without God He (God) who transplanted sustains the people rule let the safety of the people be the supreme law You (God) have crowned us with the shield of your good will if you seek a pleasant peninsula, look around thus always to tyrants by courage and arms
11.
scuto bonae voluntatis tuae coronasti nos si quaeris peninsulam amoenam, circumspice sic semper tyrannis virtute et armis
12.
13. 14.
Now, name the state whose motto ts the description below: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. speaks of tyrants: mentions a peninsula: has the word for shield: refers to justice: uses the word for empire twice: uses a comparative adjective (ends in -er in English, -ior in Latin): Virginia Michigan Maryland DC Ohio
New York
Answers to Chapter four 77
Here are seventeen college or school mottoes. Translate the bold word in each: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. certa bonum certamen (Iona College, NY) crescat scientia, vita excolatur (University of Chicago, IL) Dei sub numine viget (Princeton University, NJ) eruditio et religio (Duke University, NC) ex scientia tridens (Naval Academy, MD) lux et veritas (Yale University, CT) lux at (Albion College, MI; Alfred College, NY) ght knowledge of God learning trident light letbe made, let there be to serve light look to the future they will light up truth will make free a voice make haste learn bravely, happily, faithfully
8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17.
ministrare quam ministrari (Wellesley College, MA) numen lumen (University of Wisconsin, WI) respice, adspice, prospice (City College of New York, NY) terras irradient (Amherst College, MA) veritas (Harvard University, MA) veritas vos liberabit (Johns Hopkins University, MD) vox clamantis in deserto (Dartmouth College, MA) festina lente (Madeira School, VA) aut disce aut discede (Winchester College, U.K.) fortiter, feliciter, deliter (Episcopal High School, VA)
78 Chapter four
Here are ten mottoes of organizations or a family. Translate each one: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. curare (11th Medical Regiment) descende ad terram (507th Parachute Regiment) nunc aut numquam (497th Field Artillery) semper delis (US Marine Corps) semper paratus (US Coastguard) arbor potestas (US Forestry Service) citius, altius, fortius (Olympics) fare fac (Fairfax County, VA) urbs in horto (Chicago) noli mentiri (Notley) to care for descend to earth now or never always faithful always prepared tree power swifter, higher, stronger say (it), do (it) a city in a garden dont lie
Now, give the Latin words for the following: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. city garden tree always now never power faithful prepared faster urbs horto arbor semper nunc numquam potestas delis paratus citius
Chapter Five
Answers to Chapter Five

Abbreviations
80 Chapter five
COMMON LATIN ABBREVIATIONS, p. 130
Fill in the chart below. This information was presented in chapter one of the Sententiae Latinae section of this book. Latin words 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. A.M. P.M. PS etc. A.D. e.g. i.e. N.B. ad lib. M.O. pro tem. vs., v. C.V. R.I.P. stat. lb. ante meridiem post meridiem post scriptum et cetera anno Domini exempli gratia id est nota bene ad libitum modus operandi pro tempore versus curriculum vitae requiescat in pace statim libra English translations before noon after noon after the writing and the rest in the year of the Lord, Common Era for example that is, in other words note well at pleasure, without rehearsal way of operating temporarily against resume may he/she rest in peace immediately weight, pound
Answers to Chapter five 81
Exercises: Common Latin Abbreviations, pp. 131132
Fill in the blank with the abbreviation which best translates the phrase in parentheses: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Please check the label before you buy the our: we need a ten lb. (pound) bag When you apply for a position, you must submit a C.V. (resume). The game today is Army vs. (against) Navy. The detectives recognized the robbers M.O. (way of operating). Before you take a test, you should organize your notes, make ashcards, etc. (and the rest). The youngest children, i.e. (that is) the rst grade, will be rst in line. Early aviators, e.g. (for example), Amelia Earhart, took great risks. The speaker who lost his notes was forced to give his remarks ad lib. (without rehearsal). The meeting will begin at 9:00 A.M (in the morning) and should nish by 3:00 P.M. (in the afternoon). On August 24, A.D. (CE) 79, Mt. Vesuvius erupted. After signing the letter, I added a PS (after the writing). The notice on the bulletin board was headed N.B. (note well). The Senate will elect a president pro tem. (temporarily) tonight. The doctors hurried to the emergency room when they heard stat. (immediately). The children decorating for Halloween made cardboard gravestones with R.I.P. (rest in peace) painted in large letters.
6. 7. 8.
9.
10. 11. 12. 13. 14.
15.
82 Chapter five
Give the Latin word or phrase and its abbreviation for each of the following: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. before noon after noon after the writing and the rest in the year of the Lord for example that is, in other words pound immediately rest in peace resume against temporarily way of operating without rehearsal note well ante meridiem, A.M. post meridiem, P.M. post scriptum, PS et cetera, etc. anno Domini, A.D. exempli gratia, e.g. id est, i.e. libra, lb. statim, stat. requiescat in pace. R.I.P. curriculum vitae, C.V. versus, v., vs. pro tempore, pro tem. modus operandi, M.O. ad libitum, ad lib. nota bene, N.B.
Answers to Chapter five 83
MORE LATIN ABBREVIATIONS, p. 133

Fill in the chart below: Latin words 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. ca., c. cf. et al. ibid. n.p.o. op. cit. Q.E.D q.v. Rx circa confer et alia ibidem nihil per os opus citatum, opere citato quod erat demonstrandum quod vide recipe sine loco Senatus Populusque Romanus verbum sapienti videlicet English translations around, approximately compare and the others in the same place nothing by mouth work cited that which was to be proved which see, refer to take without a place of publication listed the Senate and the People of Rome a word to the wise namely
10. s.l. 11. S.P.Q.R. 12. verb. sap. 13. viz.
84 Chapter five
Exercises for More Latin Abbreviations, p. 134
I.
Match: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. J I A B C D F E G H The Senate and the People of Rome work cited that which had to be proved and the others take nothing by mouth namely compare without a place (of publication) word to the wise A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. Q.E.D. et al. Rx n.p.o cf. viz. s.l. verb. sap. op. cit. S.P.Q.R.
II. Assume you are doing research for a report. Answer these questions briey: 1. When can you use ibid. in a footnote? You use ibid. when you are citing exactly the same book or article immediately after your rst citation. You can think of ibid. as ditto marks for an author and title. When can you use op.cit.in a footnote? You are citing a source you used earlier. What does et al. mean in the list of authors of a book you have consulted? There are several other authors in addition to those you have listed. What does viz. mean in an article you have read? Namely. What does cf. mean at the end of an encyclopedia article you took notes on? Compare.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Chapter Six
Answers to Chapter Six

Abbreviation Review
86 Chapter Six
Latin Abbreviations Review, p. 136

Fill in the chart below:
Latin words 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. ad lib. A.D. A.M. ca., c. cf. C.V. et al. etc. e.g. ibid. i.e. lb. M.O. N.B. n.p.o. op. cit. P.M. PS pro tem. Q.E.D. q.v. R.I.P. Rx s.l. S.P.Q.R. stat. vs.,v. verb. sap. viz. ad libitum anno Domini ante meridiem circa confer curriculum vitae et alia et cetera exempli gratia ibidem id est libra modus operandi nota bene nihil per os opus citatum, opere citato post meridiem post scriptum pro tempore quod erat demonstrandum quod vide requiescat in pace recipe, symbol for a prescription sine loco Senatus Populusque Romanus statim versus verbum sapienti videlicet English translations at pleasure, without rehearsal in the year of the Lord, Common Era before noon, in the morning around, approximately compare resume, summary of a career, lap of life and the others and the rest for example, for the sake of an example in the same place that is, in other words pound, weight way of operating note well, pay attention nothing by mouth work cited after noon after the writing, written after, an afterthought added to any completed letter or book temporarily, for the time-being that which was to be proved which see, refer to may he/she rest in peace take, directions for cooking without a place of publication listed The Senate and People of Rome immediately against a word to the wise namely
Answers to Chapter Six 87
Latin Abbreviations, p. 137
I.
Circle the abbreviation which correctly completes each sentence: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. The authors of the math textbook are listed as Webster, Williams, et al. / etc. The note on the patients chart to prevent her from eating or drinking read n.p.o. / stat. The Senate elected a chairman ad lib. / pro tem. A great novel, i.e. / e.g., Pride and Prejudice, often draws on the authors own experience. One book in my bibliography is listed q.v. / s.l. The new coach, viz. / cf. Mr. Brown, makes everyone run laps. The math student wrote S.P.Q.R. / Q.E.D beside each answer on the quiz. The job applicant was asked to submit a current M.O./ C.V. You should arrive at the airport at 6:00 A.M. / A.D. The abbreviation N.B. / lb. highlighted the most important part of the new assignment.
II. Give the English meaning of each abbreviation you picked in exercise I: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. et al. n.p.o. pro tem. e.g. s.l. viz. Q.E.D. C.V. A.M. N.B. and the others nothing by mouth temporarily, for the time-being for example, for the sake of an example without a place (of publication) namely that which was to be proved resume, summary of a career, lap of life in the morning, before noon note well, pay attention
88 Chapter Six
III. Match each abbreviation with the place it is most likely to be found: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. D F J A C B I H E G bibliography court case or sports event date drugstore letter or e-mail a bag of sugar invitation patients chart gravestone manhole cover or trashcan in Rome A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. Rx lb. PS s.l. R.I.P. vs., v. S.P.Q.R. n.p.o. A.M. A.D.
IV. Write out the Latin words for each abbreviation in exercise III: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. recipe libra post scriptum sine loco requiescat in pace versus Senatus Populusque Romanus nihil per os ante meridiem anno Domini
Chapter Seven
Answers to Chapter Seven

Projects and Games with Additional Games and Activities
90 Chapter Seven
Answers to the Sententiae Certamen, pp. 140142

1. cast of characters 1. they all leave 2. exit He (God) has favored (our) undertakings 1. new world order 2. Vergil e pluribus unum 1. soup or stew 2. out of many cultures (states) one nation free 1. additional information for the judge 2. body of an offense, the basic element of a crime graduated with a very high grade point average 1. with great praise 2. vale = good-bye or dico = to say college or school attended, school song 1. alumna 2. alumnae anno Domini = in the year of the Lord, Common Era 1. around, approximately 2. ca., c. before the Civil War 1. cause of war 2. bombing of Pearl Harbor exempli gratia = for example, for the sake of an example 1. id est = that is, in other words 2. ante meridiem = before noon, in the morning nota bene = note well, pay attention 1. post scriptum = written after 2. quod erat demonstrandum = that which was to be proved modus operandi = way of operating 1. modus vivendi 2. lively the pinnacle, the top 1. secretly 2. unique, one of a kind
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Answers to chapter seven 91
13.
mens sana in corpore sano 1. rara avis 2. red-handed, in the act let the buyer beware 1. beware of the dog 2. a store in place of a parent 1. a word to the wise 2. one learns by teaching seize the day, enjoy today 1. (of) arms and the man I sing, I tell of wars and a hero 2. Descartes I came, I saw, I conquered 1. You also, Brutus? Even you, Brutus? 2. Augustus you were not present 1. by virtue of ones ofce 2. for this (purpose) gladiators 1. an English general 2. Constantine a slip of the tongue (linguae) and a slip of the memory (memoriae) 1. liber = book, libra = weight, pound, balance 2. from the books, from the library (of) in a test tube 1. into the midst of things 2. in place, in its original position nothing is made from nothing 1. in a vacuum, in emptiness, without considering other factors 2. in total, entirely a date to reassemble has not been set 1. temporary 2. Cicero a great work, a masterpiece 1. a work of art may remain famous for generations, but human life is short 2. art created for its own sake, not for money to seasickness, to the point of disgust 1. to the innite, endlessly 2. from the beginning
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
92 Chapter Seven
Additional Games
Docendo discitur means one learns by teaching, but some students learn best by playing a game. Here are four favorites that work well with sententiae, abbreviations, or mottoes: 1. Charades can be fun, and if the class works in teams, you can make a contest out of a review session of sententiae, abbreviations, or mottoes. It is a good idea to take a few minutes for students to plan the skits and to agree on the rules before they start to play. Pictionary is another good way to help everyone learn a group of new phrases or mottoes. Jeopardy takes planning, but pairs of students can write a group of questions in each category (e.g. state mottoes, common abbreviations, sententiae that have to do with legal expressions, etc.). One student in each pair should write the answer in large letters on notebook paper. A designated student can organize the questions and tape them in categories to the board in the classroom. Another student, or the teacher, can read the questions aloud to three volunteers while someone else keeps score. Do not forget to include daily doubles and nal round questions. Bingo can be another good way to review. After the class has covered twenty-ve sententiae, abbreviations or mottoes, photocopy the blank bingo cards on the next page so that each student will have at least one card. Instruct the students to ll in the squares on the bingo card with the twenty-ve Latin phrases in whatever order they choose. Keep a list of the English meanings. Cut the list of English meanings into small squares and put them in an envelope for the caller. Use bingo chips or small candies for markers. Play rst for a straight line, then for full house.
2.
3.
4.
94 Chapter Seven
Additional Activities
1.
Sententiae, abbreviation, or motto badges: Each week have students make badges for themselves with a favorite sententia, motto, or abbreviation in Latin. Have them use bright markers and wear them around school. At the end of the week, put all the badges on a classroom bulletin board and use them for a quick, oral review. You may want to make a badge for yourself each day.
2.
Motto map: If you have a large map of the United States on your classroom bulletin board, you can add labels with the Latin motto of each state as you present them each week in class. A student can type a key with the name of each state, its Latin motto, and the translation.
Answers to chapter seven 95
Grading Rubric for Poster Project, p. 143
Poster Project Grade

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Latin phrase clearly written on front, translation on back Illustration ts the phrase Neat presentation Visually attractive Well chosen phrase ______ ______ ______ ______ ______
Total:_______
Grading Rubric for the motto project p. 144
Motto Poster Grade

1. 2. 3. 4. Choice of motto: Translation of motto: Accurate grammar: Presentation: neat attractive ______ ______ ______ ______ ______
Total:_______
Chapter Eight
Sententiae Quizzes and Answers
98 Chapter Eight
Extra! Extra!
Students love extra credit. Each time you announce a sententiae quiz, you might want to include one or more of these phrases which do not appear in the workbook for extra credit.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. aetate (aet.) arguendo a fortiori a priori ad litem ex parte locus classicus aged for the sake of argument for a still stronger reason valid independently of observation for the particular legal action or proceeding from or on one side only of a dispute classical source, a passage commonly quoted to illustrate or explain a subject or word in the place cited beginning, starting point a goal, a limiting point willing and able
8. 9. 10. 11.
loco citato (l.c.) terminus a quo terminus ad quem volens et potens
Sententiae Quizzes and Answers 99
Sententiae Quiz #1 (120), pp. 28
I.
Match: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. ab ovo usque ad mala alibi ad hoc ad hominem ad innitum alumnus, alumna ad lib. alma mater ad nauseam ab initio A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. elsewhere without preparation from the beginning for this purpose nourishing mother graduate of a school endlessly personal to the point of disgust from beginning to end
II. Give the meaning of each Latin phrase: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. ars gratia artis ___________________________________________________________ arma virumque cano _____________________________________________________ ante meridiem (A.M.) ____________________________________________________ annuit coeptis ___________________________________________________________ anno Domini (A.D.) ______________________________________________________
100 Chapter Eight
III. Look at the phrases in question II, and tell which one might be found in each situation: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. a dollar bill ______________________________________________________________ the opening screen of an MGM movie ______________________________________ on an invitation __________________________________________________________ the opening page of Vergils Aeneid ________________________________________ in a history book _________________________________________________________
IV. Use these phrases in an English sentence to show their meaning: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. alter ego ________________________________________________________________ ars longa, vita brevis ______________________________________________________ ave atque vale ___________________________________________________________ amicus curiae ___________________________________________________________ ab ovo __________________________________________________________________
Answers to Quiz #1
I.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
J A D H G
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
F B E I C
II. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
art for arts sake arms and the man I sing before noon, in the morning He (God) has favored (our) undertakings in the year of the Lord, common era
III. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
annuit coeptis ars gratia artis A.M. arma virumque cano A.D.
IV. Sample sentences are listed below. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Robin is Batmans alter ego. The artist, knowing that he was ill, always remembered the phrase ars longa, vita brevis. My friends came to the airport to say ave atque vale as I left on a trip. The lawyer submitted an amicus curiae brief to the judge. We will begin the review ab ovo.
102 Chapter Eight
I.
Match: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. cave canem caveat emptor circa (ca., c.) cogito ergo sum confer (cf.) corpus delicti credo cui bono cum grano salis cum laude A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. compare let the buyer beware beware of the dog approximately a set of rm beliefs with praise, honor with a little disbelief body of an offense to whose advantage I think, therefore I am
II. Give the meaning of each Latin phrase: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. bona de ________________________________________________________________ de facto _________________________________________________________________ de jure __________________________________________________________________ de minimis non curat lex _________________________________________________ de gustibus non est disputandum __________________________________________
III. Look at the phrases in question II, and tell which might apply in these situations: 1. 2. 3. your friend loves a kind of music you hate ________________________________ someone is thinking about bringing suit for a broken pencil __________________ you show your student identication card to prove that you should receive a discount in a store that gives discounts to genuine students ___________________ legal restrictions recorded on an old deed ________________________________ housing patterns along ethnic lines, not enforced by law _____________________
4. 5.
IV. Use these phrases in English to show that you understand their meaning: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. cornucopia ______________________________________________________________ calvo turpius est nihil comato _____________________________________________ curriculum vitae (C.V.) ____________________________________________________ carpe diem ______________________________________________________________ casus belli _______________________________________________________________
104 Chapter Eight
Answers to Quiz #2
I.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
C B D J A
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
H E I G F
II. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
in good faith, genuine in fact, from the fact, in reality by law, from law the law is not concerned with tries, the law does not care about the smallest things there is no accounting for tastes, concerning tastes there is no dispute
III. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
de gustibus non est disputandum de minimis non curat lex bona de de jure de facto
IV. Sample sentences are listed below. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The desk was a cornucopia of pens and pencils. The bald man wore a hat because he knew calvo turpius est nihil comato. You should update your curriculum vitae when you apply for a job. Dont waste any more time! Do your homework now! Carpe diem ! The bombing was the casus belli.
I.
Match: 1. 2. 3. 4. de mortuis nil nisi bonum de novo deus ex machina docendo discitur A. B. C. D. and the others to err is human retired out of many (ingredients/ backgrounds) one (stew/ nation) anew about the dead (say) nothing but good god from the machine one learns by teaching cast of characters it is sweet and tting to die for ones country
5. 6.
dramatis personae emeritus, emerita
E. F.
7. 8. 9. 10.
errare humanum est e pluribus unum et alia (et al.) dulce et decorum est pro patria mori
G. H. I. J.
II. Explain briey what these two phrases meant to the Romans and what they mean today: 1. 2. e pluribus unum _________________________________________________________ deus ex machina _________________________________________________________
106 Chapter Eight
III. Give the meaning of each Latin phrase: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. ex cathedra ______________________________________________________________ ex libris _________________________________________________________________ et tu, Brute ______________________________________________________________ ex ofcio ________________________________________________________________ ex post facto _____________________________________________________________
IV. Give the Latin and the English for each abbreviation: 1. 2. 3. etc. _____________________________________________________________________ e.g. _____________________________________________________________________ et al. ____________________________________________________________________
Answers to Quiz #3
I.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
F E G H I
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
C B D A J
II. 1.
Roman view = soup, stew American view = melting pot
2.
Roman view = actor own on stage by a crane American view = articial or impossible device used to end a play or novel
III. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
with authority from the library (of) You also, Brutus? Even you, Brutus? by virtue of ones ofce retroactively
IV. 1. 2. 3.
et cetera = and the rest exempli gratia = for example, for the sake of an example et al. = and the others
108 Chapter Eight
I.
Match: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. at lux festina lente exit nis exeunt omnes A. B. C. D. E. make haste slowly let there be light the end they all leave way out
II. Complete the Latin for each phrase: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. guardian spirit of the place = genius _______________________________________ human being = homo ____________________________________________________ foolish re, mirage = ignis ________________________________________________ caught red-handed = in agrante __________________________________________ in place of a parent = in loco ______________________________________________ in this sign you will conquer = in hoc signo _________________________________ into the midst of things = in medias _______________________________________ ignorance of the law excuses no one = ignorantia legis neminem ______________ may you have the body of evidence, the right to a speedy trial = habeas _______ in memory = in _________________________________________________________
III. Give the English for each phrase: 1. 2. 3. 4. in re ____________________________________________________________________ in absentia ______________________________________________________________ in extremis ______________________________________________________________ ignoramus ______________________________________________________________
IV. Give the Latin and the English for each abbreviation: 1. 2. i.e. _____________________________________________________________________ ibid. ____________________________________________________________________
V.
True or false: 1. 2. Schools stand in loco parentis to their students. The emperor Augustus had a vision with the words in hoc signo vinces emblazoned in the sky.
110 Chapter Eight
Answers to Quiz #4
I.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
B A E C D
II. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
loci sapiens fatuus delicto parentis vinces res excusat corpus
10. memoriam
III. 1. 2. 3. 4.
in the matter (of) in ones absence at the point of death an extremely ignorant person
IV. 1. 2.
id est = that is, in other words ibidem = in the same place
V.
1. 2.
True False
I.
Match: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. in vitro in utero ipso facto lapsus calami/lapsus pennae lapsus linguae in re in situ in toto in vacuo in vino veritas A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. in the matter (of) in place entirely in a glass container slip of the tongue slip of the pen by that very fact in wine (there is) truth in emptiness in the womb, unborn
II. Give the English: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. lapsus memoriae _________________________________________________________ libra ____________________________________________________________________ locum tenens ____________________________________________________________ magna cum laude ________________________________________________________ magnum opus ___________________________________________________________
112 Chapter Eight
III. Fill in the blanks using these expressions, then translate the phrase: mandamus, mea culpa, memento mori, mens sana in corpore sano, mirabile dictu 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. When she spilled coffee on her friend, the girl cried: _________________________ Our school motto is: ______________________________________________________ When Aeneas saw the monster, he exclaimed: _______________________________ The gravestones serve as a: _______________________________________________ The court issued a writ of: ________________________________________________
Answers to Quiz #5
I.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
D J G F E
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
A B C I H
II. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
slip of the memory pound, weight substitute, holding a place with great praise a masterpiece, a great work
III. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
mea culpa = my fault mens sana in corpore sano = a sound mind in a sound body mirabile dictu = amazing to say memento mori = remember you are mortal, be mindful of dying mandamus = we command, order of a higher court
114 Chapter Eight
I.
Complete each Latin phrase with the missing word, then translate the whole phrase: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. panem et _______________________________________________________________ pax _____________________________________________________________________ pater ___________________________________________________________________ nota ____________________________________________________________________ onus ____________________________________________________________________ opus ____________________________________________________________________ O tempora! O ____________________________________________________________ nolo ____________________________________________________________________ non ____________________________________________________________________ non compos _____________________________________________________________ morituri te ______________________________________________________________ ne plus _________________________________________________________________ nemo est supra __________________________________________________________ novus ordo ______________________________________________________________ nil ______________________________________________________________________
II. Tell whether each statement is true or false: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. You might nd the letters n.p.o. on the chart of a patient on a special diet. A good student probably has an efcient M.O. for studying. Your monthly salary is your pay per annum. Peccavi is translated I have sinned. A millionaire may enjoy a luxurious modus vivendi.
III. Translate each phrase in question II: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. n.p.o.= _________________________________________________________________ M.O. = _________________________________________________________________ per annum = ____________________________________________________________ peccavi = _______________________________________________________________ modus vivendi = ________________________________________________________
116 Chapter Eight
Answers to Quiz #6
I.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
panem et circenses = bread and circuses pax vobiscum = peace with you pater familias = father of the family nota bene = note well, pay attention onus probandi = burden of proving, burden of proof opus citatum = work cited O tempora! O mores! = O the times! O the customs! nolo contendere = I do not want to contend non sequitur = it does not follow, illogical statement
10. non compos mentis = not of sound mind 11. morituri te salutamus = we who are about to die salute you 12. ne plus ultra = pinnacle, top, no more beyond 13. nemo est supra leges = no one is above the law 14. novus ordo seclorum = new world order, new order of the ages 15. nil desperandum = nothing must be despaired of, never give up
II. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
false true false true true
III. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
nothing by mouth way of operating by the year, annually I have sinned way of living, lifestyle
I.
Match: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. pro bono publico pro forma pro rata post hoc, ergo propter hoc placebo A. B. C. D. E. at rst appearance written after in proportion after noon inactive medication given merely to satisfy the patient for the sake of appearance after death examination Euclids fth proposition in Geometry free after this, therefore on account of it
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
pons asinorum post meridiem (P.M.) post mortem post scriptum (PS) prima facie
F. G. H. I. J.
II. Underline the best answer: 1. 2. 3. 4. A daily allowance is a per diem / a per annum. The students high grades per se / per centum did make her a class leader. The letter was merely a pro forma / per capita gesture. The worried investor said, Qui tacet consentit. / Quis custodiet ipsos custodes? I added a PS / P.M. to the e-mail.
5.
118 Chapter Eight
III. Give meanings: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. quidnunc ________________________________________________________________ persona non grata _________________________________________________________ pro se ___________________________________________________________________ pro rata _________________________________________________________________ pro tempore _____________________________________________________________
Answers to Quiz #7
I.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
I F C J E H D G B
10. A
II. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
per diem per se pro forma Quis ipsos custodies custodiet? PS
III. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
busybody, gossip unwelcome person in ones own defense in proportion temporarily
120 Chapter Eight
I.
Complete the phrase with the correct Latin word. Then translate the whole phrase: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. quid pro ________________________________________________________________ rara ____________________________________________________________________ quod erat _______________________________________________________________ res ipsa _________________________________________________________________ resquiescat in ____________________________________________________________ sanctum ________________________________________________________________ sic transit gloria __________________________________________________________ sine qua ________________________________________________________________ status quo _______________________________________________________________ stare ____________________________________________________________________
II. Translate each Latin phrase: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. statim (stat.) _____________________________________________________________ seriatim _________________________________________________________________ sic ______________________________________________________________________ Senatus Populusque Romanus _____________________________________________ rebus ______________________________________________________________
Answers to Quiz #8
I.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
quid pro quo = tit for tat, something for something rara avis = rare bird, unusual person quod erat demonstrandum = that which was to be proved res ipsa loquitur = the thing speaks for itself, the situation is obvious requiescat in pace = may he/she rest in peace sanctum sanctorum = holy of holies, a very private place sic transit gloria mundi = thus passes the glory of the world sine qua non = the essential element, without which not, a necessity status quo ante = the condition as it was before
10. stare decisis = the decision stands
II. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
immediately in series thus the Senate and the People of Rome puzzle with pictures of things, by things
122 Chapter Eight
I.
Give the English for these Latin words, then give a Latin phrase with the word: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. rosa ____________________________________________________________________ tempus _________________________________________________________________ terra ____________________________________________________________________ poena __________________________________________________________________ tabula __________________________________________________________________
II. Translate each Latin phrase: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. stet _____________________________________________________________________ versus __________________________________________________________________ sui generis ______________________________________________________________ verbatim ________________________________________________________________ summa cum laude _______________________________________________________ vade mecum ____________________________________________________________ veni,vidi, vici ____________________________________________________________ verbum sapienti _________________________________________________________ sui juris _________________________________________________________________ viva voce ________________________________________________________________
Answers to Quiz #9
I.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
rose; sub rosa time; tempus fugit land; terra rma or terra incognita punishment; sub poena slate; tabula rasa
II. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
let it stand against unique, of its own kind word for word with greatest praise go with me, handbook carried at all times I came, I saw, I conquered a word to the wise in ones own right, having full legal capacity
10. aloud, orally, by the living voice
Chapter Nine
Motto Quizzes and Answers
126 Chapter Nine
Mottoes Quiz #1 (US through New York), pp. 8694
I.
Match: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. esse quam videri ad astra per aspera esto perpetuo crescit eundo alis volat propriis audemus jura nostra defendere excelsior ditat Deus dum spiro spero dirigo A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. God enriches I direct to be rather than to seem to the stars through difculties higher be forever while there is life, there is hope it grows as it goes we dare to defend our rights it ies on its own wings
II. Which state has a motto which mentions 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. stars ____________________________________________________________________ wings ___________________________________________________________________ God ____________________________________________________________________ rights ___________________________________________________________________ hope ____________________________________________________________________
Motto Quizzes and answers 127
III. Translate: 1. e pluribus unum (2 ways) _________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. annuit coeptis ___________________________________________________________ novus ordo seclorum _____________________________________________________ dirigo ___________________________________________________________________ esse quam videri _________________________________________________________ esto perpetuo ____________________________________________________________ excelsior ________________________________________________________________ dum spiro spero _________________________________________________________ crescit eundo ____________________________________________________________ Deo gratias habeamus ____________________________________________________
128 Chapter Nine
Answers to Mottoes Quiz #1
I.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
C D F H J I E A G
10. B
II. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Kansas Oregon Arizona Alabama South Carolina
III. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
out of many ingredients/cultures/states, one nation/stew He has favored our undertakings new world order I direct to be rather than to seem be forever higher as long as I breathe, I hope; where there is life, there is hope it grows by going, it grows as it goes
10. let us have thanks to God
Mottoes Quiz #2 (Ohio through Mississippi), pp. 98104
I.
Match: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. imperium in imperio justitia omnibus regnat populus nil sine Numine labor vincit omnia virtute et armis montani semper liberi qui transtulit sustinet A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. thus always to tyrants by courage and arms nothing without God an empire in an empire justice to all the people rule He who transplanted sustains let the safety of the people be the supreme law work conquers all mountain people (are) always free
9. 10.
sic semper tyrannis
I.
salus populi suprema lex esto J.
II. Pick one of the mottoes below. Tell which state the motto belongs to, then translate the motto: si quaeris peninsulam amoenam, circumspice _______________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________
scuto bonae voluntatis tuae coronasti nos ___________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________
130 Chapter Nine
I.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
D E F C I B J G A
10. H
II. 1.
Michigan if you seek a pleasant peninsula, look around
2.
Maryland You (God) have crowned us with the shield of Your good will
Mottoes Quiz #3 (Iona College through Chicago), pp. 108118

I. Translate each Latin word: 1. 2. 3. 4. veritas __________________________________________________________________ vox _____________________________________________________________________ arbor ___________________________________________________________________ descende ________________________________________________________________
II. Match: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. semper delis semper paratus aut disce aut discede nunc aut numquam festina lente ____ facta non verba A. B. C. D. E. F. deeds not words now or never make haste slowly always faithful always prepared either learn or leave
III. Translate: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. curare __________________________________________________________________ fortiter, feliciter, deliter __________________________________________________ vox clamantis in deserto __________________________________________________ citius, altius, fortius ______________________________________________________ fare fac _________________________________________________________________ urbs in horto ____________________________________________________________
IV. Answer briey: Translate the motto of the Atomic Energy Commission, de minimis maximum. Then, explain why it is appropriate. _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________
132 Chapter Nine
I.
1. 2. 3. 4.
truth voice tree descend
II. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
D E F B C A
III. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
to care for bravely, happily, faithfully a voice of one crying in the wilderness swifter, higher, braver say (it), do (it) city in a garden
IV. A sample answer is below. From the smallest the greatest is appropriate because an atomic bomb is made from splitting very tiny atoms and creates an enormous explosion
Mottoes Quiz #4 Family Mottoes, pp. 120121
I.
Translate: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. fortes fortuna iuvat _______________________________________________________ noli irritare leonem ______________________________________________________ noli mentiri _____________________________________________________________ noli me tangere __________________________________________________________ non mihi, sed Deo et regi _________________________________________________ non nobis, sed omnibus ___________________________________________________ non vi, sed mente ________________________________________________________ pro Deo et ecclesia _______________________________________________________ pro patria vivere et mori __________________________________________________
II. Complete each motto, then translate : 1. 2. 3. 4. quod sors fert ____________________________________________________________ quae recta _______________________________________________________________ quod Deus vult __________________________________________________________ pro lusu _________________________________________________________________
III. Answer briey: Which motto belongs to the Notley family? Why is this motto appropriate for this family? _____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________
134 Chapter Nine
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
fortune helps the brave do not irritate a lion do not lie do not touch me not for me, but for God and king not for us, but for all not by force, but by mind for God and church to live and die for ones country
II. 1. 2. 3. 4.
ferimus: what fate brings we bear sequor: what (things) (are) right I follow et: what God wants will be et praeda: for sport and spoil
III. A sample answer is below: noli mentire = do not lie, and not lie sounds like Notley.
Chapter Ten
Abbreviations Quiz and Answers
136 Chapter ten
Abbreviations Quiz
Latin words 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. ad lib. A.D. A.M. ca., c. stat. C.V. et al. etc. e.g. ibid. i.e. lb. M.O. N.B. n.p.o. op.cit. P.M. PS pro tem. Q.E.D. viz. R.I.P. Rx s.l. S.P.Q.R.
English translations
Abbreviations Quiz and answers 137
Answers to Abbreviations Quiz
Latin words 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25. ad lib. A.D. A.M. ca., c. stat. C.V. et al. etc. e.g. ibid. i.e. lb. M.O. N.B. n.p.o. op.cit. P.M. PS pro tem. Q.E.D. viz. R.I.P. Rx s.l. S.P.Q.R. ad libitum anno Domini ante meridiem circa statim curriculum vitae et alia et cetera exempli gratia ibidem id est libra modus operandi nota bene nihil per os opus citatum, opere citato post meridiem post scriptum pro tempore quod erat demonstrandum videlicet requiescat in pace recipe sine loco Senatus Populusque Romanus
English translations at pleasure, without rehearsal In the Year of the Lord, Common Era before noon around, approximately immediately resume, summary of a career, lap of life and the others and the rest for example in the same place that is, in other words pound way of operating note well nothing by mouth work cited after noon after the writing temporarily that which was to be proved namely may he/she rest in peace take without a place of publication listed The Senate and People of Rome
Chapter Eleven:
Oral Questions and Answers for Latin Students
140 Chapter eleven
Sententiae 120 Questions for Latin Students
N.B. These questions are designed to be asked orally of students who are taking a Latin language course. You might begin by asking students to look at the sententiae as they are listed in Appendix #1. Make sure that they remember how to translate each expression. Have students keep the list out so they can see the Latin word or phrase when you ask the grammar question(s). Some of the questions cover topics like deponent verbs, gerunds, and hortatory subjunctive which are usually covered in Latin II. You will probably want to skip these questions with younger students although it can be helpful for students to recall these examples later when they do encounter these grammatical constructions.
1.
What case is ovo in the expression ab ovo? What determines the case here? ablative the preposition a, ab takes the ablative What gender is ovum? How do you know? neuter ovum ends with the letters -um Decline ovum: ovum, ovi, ovo, ovum, ovo ova, ovorum, ovis,ova, ovis N.B. The word for sheep in Latin is ovis ! Find three other neuter nouns in the rst twenty sententiae: innitum, initium, libitum, bellum What case is hominem in the expression ad hominem? What determines the case here? accusative the preposition ad takes the accusative Find two other sententiae which have the preposition ad plus an accusative noun: ad innitum ad libitum ad nauseam What case does the preposition ante take? Find an example in the rst twenty sententiae: accusative ante meridiem ante bellum
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Oral Questions and answers for latin students 141
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What gender is alumna? What declension is it? Decline alumna: feminine rst declension alumna, alumnae, alumnae, alumnam, alumna alumnae, alumnarum, alumnis, alumnas, alumnis What case is curiae in amicus curiae and artis in ars gratia artis? What English preposition do you use to translate each of these Latin words? genitive of Which of the rst twenty sententiae has two singular imperatives: ave atque vale
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1. Why is bona ablative singular feminine in the expression bona de? bona agrees in gender, number, and case with de which is ablative singular feminine; N.B. a good way to remember that adjectives in Latin have the same gender, number, and case as the nouns they modify is to say the rhyme adjectives agree in g, n, c [gender, number, case]! Find two regular singular imperatives: carpe (in carpe diem) cave (in cave canem) What case is grano in cum grano salis and laude in cum laude? Why? ablative because the preposition cum takes the ablative What case is facto in de facto, gustibus in de gustibus non est disputandum, jure in de jure, and minimis in de minimis non curat lex? Why? ablative because the preposition de takes the ablative What case is cui in cui bono? What pronoun does cui come from? dative the relative pronoun qui, quae, quod Find a noun in the genitive from the sententiae #2140. Translate each: belli = of war delicti = of the crime salis = of salt vitae = of life
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142 Chapter eleven
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Which word is the subject of curat in de minimis non curat lex? lex What pronoun is implied in the verbs credo, cogito, and sum? I What case is canem in cave canem and diem in carpe diem? accusative of direct object What adjective in the superlative gives us minimis in de minimis non curat lex? parvus [comparative = minor; superlative = minimus]
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1. What does the Latin preposition ex mean? What case does it take? Give an example from sententiae #4160 that includes ex. from, out of ablative ex cathedra, ex libris, ex nihilo nihil t; ex ofcio, ex post facto, ex tempore What is another form of the preposition ex? When is this form used? Give an example of a phrase that uses the alternative form of ex. e the object of the preposition begins with a consonant e pluribus unum What gender and number is emeritus? masculine, singular What gender and number is emerita? feminine, singular What case and number is dramatis in dramatis personae? genitive, singular (dramatis = of a drama) In the expression, de mortuis nil nisi bonum, nil means nothing. What is another way to write nothing in Latin? Give an expression with the longer form: nihil ex nihilo nihil t What form of the verb is errare in errare humanum est? present active innitive used as a subject
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What form of the verb is mori in dulce et decorum est pro patria mori? present deponent innitive Why does Brute end in the letter -e in the expression et tu Brute? Brute is vocative singular of a second declension masculine noun ending in -us What do we call a verbal noun like docendo in docendo discitur? How is it translated? gerund by learning
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1. Here are several Latin verbs from sententiae #6180: habeas (from habeas corpus), exit, ignoramus, exeunt (from exeunt omnes). Give the pronoun subject that is understood for each ending: -s = you (singular) -t = he/she/it -mus = we -nt = they What form of the Latin verb festino is festina in the expression festina lente? What part of speech is lente ? imperative singular adverb What is the genitive of the phrase homo sapiens? hominis sapientis What verb gives us est in the expression id est? Give the principal parts and present tense. What pronoun has id as its nominative singular neuter? sum, esse, fui, futurus = to be sum, es, est, sumus, estis, sunt is, ea id What case does the Latin preposition in take when it means in or on? Give an example from sententiae #6180: ablative in absentia, in extremis, in agrante delicto, in hoc signo, in loco What case are res in the expression in medias res and memoriam in the expression in memoriam? accusative
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144 Chapter eleven
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The expression in memoriam means in memory, but, more often in Latin, the preposition in with the accusative has a different meaning. What does in with the accusative usually mean? into, against What person is vinces from in hoc signo vinces? What tense is vinces? How can you tell? Give the principal parts of vinco. second person singular (you) future -e is the tense sign of the future tense for third conjugation verbs (except for rst person singular which has -a as the tense sign). Think of the mnemonic future one and two -bo, -bi, -bu; future three and four, -a and -e forever more. vinco, -ere, vici, victum = conquer What is the nominative of neminem from ignorantia legis neminem excusat? nemo What is the nominative of legis from ignorantia legis neminem excusat? lex
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1. What declension is the Latin word re, found in the expression in re? Decline res : fth res, rei, rei, rem, re res, rerum, rebus, res, rebus What declension is the Latin word situ, found in the expression in situ? Decline situs : fourth situs, situs, situi, situm,situ situs, situum, sitibus, situs, sitibus What declension is the Latin word veritas, found in the expression in vino veritas? Decline veritas : third veritas, veritatis, veritati, veritatem, veritate veritates, veritatum, veritatibus, veritates, veritatibus What declension is the Latin word calami, found in the expression lapsus calami? Decline calamus : second calamus, calami, calamo, calamum, calamo calami, calamorum, calamis, calamos, calamis
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What declension is the Latin word linguae found in the expression lapsus linguae? Decline lingua: rst lingua, linguae, linguae, linguam, lingua linguae, linguarum, linguis, linguas, linguis What case does the Latin preposition in take when it means in or on? Give an example from sententiae # 81100: ablative in re, in situ, in toto, in utero, in vacuo, in vino, in vitro What case are the Latin words magna and laude in the expression magna cum laude? Why? ablative cum takes the ablative, this expressions answers the question how and is an ablative of manner What is the gender of the Latin word opus in the expression magnum opus? Decline the phrase: neuter magnum opus, magni operis, magno operi, magnum opus, magno opere magna opera, magnorum operum, magnis operibus, magna opera, magnis operibus What is the tense, voice, person, and number of mandamus? present, active, rst person plural What do we call a verbal adjective like tenens in the phrase locum tenens? What verb does tenens come from? How is it translated? present participle teneo, tenere, tenui, tentum = hold holding
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1. What do we call a verbal noun like vivendi in the expression modus vivendi? Find another example in sententiae #102120: gerund onus probandi What kind of participle is morituri in the expression morituri te salutamus? How is it translated? future active about to die
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146 Chapter eleven
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What case is os in the expression nihil per os? What determines its case? accusative the preposition per takes the accusative What case does the Latin preposition supra take? Find an example in sententiae #102120: accusative nemo est supra leges In the expression pax vobiscum, where is the Latin preposition translated with? cum follows its object vobis What form of the verb is contendere in the expression nolo contendere? present active innitive used as an object What case is seclorum in the expression novus ordo seclorum? How is the nominative singular usually spelled? genitive plural saeculum What is the case of familias in the expression pater familias? archaic genitive (of the family) instead of the more familiar ae What is the nominative of mentis in the expression non compos mentis? mens What form of the verb is peccavi? rst person singular perfect active of the verb pecco, peccare, peccavi, peccatum = sin
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1. List three Latin prepositions from sententiae #121140 that take the accusative: per, propter, and post Find a Latin preposition from sententiae #121140 that takes the ablative: pro
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What kind of pronoun is se in the expressions per se and pro se? In a Latin sentence how do you determine the meaning of se ? Decline se : reexive a reexive pronoun takes its meaning from the subject of the sentence e.g. Narcissus se videt. = Narcissus sees himself. Juno sibi multa dicit. = Juno says many things to herself. Custodes pecuniam sibi servant. = The guards keep the money for themselves. sui, sibi, se, se In the expression quis custodiet custodes ipsos, how do you translate ipsos ? How is ipse, ipsa, ipsum different from sui, sibi, se, se ? themselves ipse is an adjective used for emphasis, se is a pronoun which is an integral part of the sentence. If you can omit the self word, and still have a sensible, complete thought, the Latin will have a form of ipse.
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5. What tense is custodiet in the expression quis custodiet custodes ipsos? future 6. What tense is placebo? future Find an example of an interrogative pronoun from sententiae #121140: quis custodiet custodes ipsos? or quidnunc Decline the interrogative pronoun singular and plural: quis quid cuius cuius cui cui quem quid quo quo qui quae quae quorum quarum quorum quibus quibus quibus quos quas quae quibus quibus quibus
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Find an example of a relative pronoun from sententiae #121140: qui tacet consentit
148 Chapter eleven
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Decline the relative pronoun singular and plural: qui quae quod cuius cuius cuius cui cui cui quem quam quod quo qua quo qui quae quae quorum quarum quorum quibus quibus quibus quos quas quae quibus quibus quibus

1. What case follows the Latin preposition pro, i.e. what case is quo in the expression quid pro quo? ablative What do we call a verbal adjective like demonstrandum in the expression quod erat demonstandum? gerundive What form of the verb are vide in quod vide and recipe? imperative singular What is the gender of avis in the expression rara avis? How can you tell? feminine rara, which agrees in gender, number, and case, modies avis Some Latin adverbs like lente end in the letter -e, but others end in -tim. Find two adverbs from sententiae #141160 that end in -tim: seriatim and verbatim What kind of verb is loquitur in the expression res ipsa loquitur? deponent, i.e. a verb with passive endings, translated actively What noun do both re and rebus come from? What case is each? res ablative (re = ablative singular; rebus = ablative plural) What is the subject of the verb transit in the expression sic transit gloria mundi? gloria
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What form of the verb is stare in the expression stare decisis? present, active innitive of sto, stare, steti, statum What case does the Latin preposition sine take? List three examples from sententiae #141160: ablative sine die, sine loco, sine qua non
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1. What is the tense and mood of stet? How do you recognize this tense and mood? present subjunctive rst conjugation verbs like sto, stare, steti, statum have the key vowel -e in present subjunctive. Think of the mnemonic Lets eat caviar when you need to remember the key vowels of present subjunctive. What kind of subjunctive does stet illustrate? hortatory, i.e. a polite command translated with let What case does the Latin preposition sub usually take? List two examples from sententiae #161180: ablative sub poena, sub rosa What Latin possessive adjective gives us sui in the expressions sui generis and sui juris? suus, -a, -um = his own, her own, its own, their own What is the nominative of the generis ? What is its gender? Give its declension singular and plural: genus neuter genus, generis, generi, genus, genere genera, generum, generibus, genera, generibus What Latin word is translated with in the expression vade mecum? mecum: the preposition and its object are reversed just as they were in the expression pax vobiscum. Give the principal parts and meanings of each verb in the phrase veni, vidi, vici: venio, venire, veni, ventum = come video, videre, vidi, visum = see vinco, vincere, vici, victum = conquer
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150 Chapter eleven
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What case are sapienti or sapientibus in the expression verbum (sat) sapienti (sapientibus)? What English preposition is implied with this case? dative to/for What construction do we see in the expression vice versa? N.B. There are two words in the ablative, one is a noun and the other is a past participle. ablative absolute What case is voce in the expression viva voce? Decline the word singular and plural: ablative vox, vocis, voci, vocem, voce voces, vocum, vocibus, voces, vocibus
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Motto Questions for Latin Students, p. 86
N.B. These questions, like those for the sententiae, are intended to be part of oral class work. It may be helpful to have students write the mottoes from each page on the board so that everyone can see them as you ask the grammar questions.
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What is another way to write the preposition e ? ex What case does e take, i.e. what case is pluribus ? ablative What gender is unum? neuter What pronoun subject do we supply for a verb like annuit that ends in -t? he/she/it What case is seclorum? genitive plural
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p. 88
1. What case does ad take? accusative Why do we add by or by means of when we translate alispropriis ? ablative of means What case, number, and gender are astra, aspera, and jura? accusative plural neuter What verb does audemus come from? audeo = to dare (not audio = to hear) What grammatical form is defendere ? second principal part = present active innitive
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3.
4.
5.
152 Chapter eleven
p. 90
1. What case is togae ? dative What English preposition do we add to the dative when we translate? to/for What Latin verb means go? eo, ire, ivi, itum What case is Deo? dative How is habeamus translated? let us have because habeamus is hortatory subjunctive, a polite imperative
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p. 92
1. Find three Latin rst person verbs on this page. dirigo, spiro, spero What case is Deus? nominative What third person singular verb is on this page? ditat
2.
3.
p. 94
1. What case is ense ? ablative What case is libertate ? ablative What grammatical form of sum is esse ? innitive What form of sum is esto? imperative singular What does the ending -ior tell us about excelsior? -ior is comparative
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p. 98
1. What gender is imperium? neuter How can you tell the gender of imperium? the -um ending What case is omnibus ? dative plural What case is omnia? accusative plural What tense is vincit? present
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3.
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p. 100
1. What does the Latin adjective liber, libera, liberum mean? free (think liberty) What does the noun liber, libri mean? book (think library) N.B. You might give students the motto of St. Johns College, Annapolis to translate here: facio liberos ex liberis libris libraque = I make free (citizens) out of children with books and a balance What case is Numine ? ablative What does the pre x trans of transtulit mean when it is a preposition? across What verb has tuli as the third principal part? fero, ferre, tuli, latum = bear, carry, say, tell
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3.
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154 Chapter eleven
p. 102
1. What verb gives us esto? sum, esse, fui, futurus What case is populi? genitive What gender is lex? feminine What is the case and use of scuto? ablative of means What person is coronasti? second singular perfect tense N.B. coronasti is short for coronavisti
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p. 104
1. What person of the verb is quaeris ? second singular What grammatical form is circumspice ? imperative What does circum mean as a preposition? around What case is tyrannis ? dative What case are virtute and armis ? ablative
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p. 108
1. Which motto on this page has an imperative? Iona College (certa) Which motto has two hortatory subjunctives? University of Chicago (crescatexcolatur) Which motto has an ablative object of a preposition? Princeton University (sub Numine) Which motto has two third declension nouns? Duke University (eruditio et religio)
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3.
4.
p. 110
1. What case is scientia when it is the object of ex? ablative What case are lux and veritas ? nominative What mood is at? subjunctive (hortatory) What grammatical form is ministrare ? present active innitive What is ministrari? present passive innitive
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3.
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p. 112
1. What gender are numen and lumen? neuter What grammatical form do respice, adspice, prospice represent? imperative singular What tense is irradient? future What case is terras ? accusative direct object
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156 Chapter eleven
p. 114
1. Find a future tense verb on this page. liberabit Find an imperative festina Find an adverb from a rst/second declension adjective lente Find a present participle. clamantis Find three adverbs from third declension adjectives. fortiter, feliciter, deliter
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p. 116
1. What present innitive is on this page? curare What imperative is on this page? descende What two neuter accusatives are on this page? facta, verba What feminine accusative is on this page? terram
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p. 117
1. What is the Latin word for faithful? delis What is the Latin word for always? semper What is the Latin word for or? aut What is the Latin word for now? nunc What is the Latin word for never? numquam
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p. 118
1. What is the Latin word for city? urbs Explain fac grammatically. irregular singular imperative N.B. The mnemonic Dic, duc, fac and fer, look for the vowel its not there! is a good way to remember that there is no -e on the singular imperative of fac. What is the grammatical form of altius? comparative adverb What is the Latin word for power? potestas Explain the grammatical form of minimismaximum. superlative adjectives (minimis from parvus and maximum from magnus)
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p. 120
1. What case is me in noli me tangere ? accusative What case are mihi, Deo, regi, nobis, omnibus ? dative What case are vi and mente ? ablative decline vis : vis, vis, vi, vim, vi vires, virium, viribus, viris, viribus
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158 Chapter eleven
p. 121
1. What kind of verb are morior and sequor? Give their principal parts. deponent: morior, mori, mortuus = die sequor, sequi, secutus = follow Give the principal parts and present tense active of volo, o, and fero. volo, velle, volui = want, wish volo, vis, vult, volumus, vultis, volunt o, eri, factus = become, be made, happen o, s, t, mus, tis, unt fero, ferre, tuli, latum = bear, carry, bring, say, tell fero, fers, fert, ferimus, fertis, ferunt
2.
Abbreviations Questions for Latin Students:
N.B. It might be helpful to ask a student to write the whole phrase and its abbreviation on the board as you ask each question. That way everyone can see the Latin involved. 1. What gender is the Latin word opus in the expression opus citatum? (Hint: what does the ending of citatum tell you?) neuter Where is the Latin word we translate and in the expression Senatus Populusque Romanus? The - que on the end of Populus means and. A syllable attached to the end of a Latin word like this is called an enclitic, and it has no meaning by itself. Another common enclitic is -ne which makes a statement into a question. Enclitic comes from a Greek word which means leaning on. What do we call a verbal noun like operandi in the expression modus operandi? a gerund Why are meridiem in the expression post meridiem and scriptum in the expression post scriptum accusative? the preposition post takes the accusative Look at the list of abbreviations and nd as many imperatives as possible: confer, nota (in the expression nota bene), vide (in the expression quod vide), recipe What case is Domini in anno Domini, vitae in the expression curriculum vitae, exempli in exempli gratia? genitive (of the Lord, of life, of an example) What part of speech is statim? adverb What gender and number are alia in the expression et alia and cetera in et cetera? neuter plural Nil in the expression nil per os is one way to write the Latin word for nothing. What is the other? nihil What construction is illustrated in the expression quod erat demonstrandum? periphrastic (gerundive + erat)
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Words & Ideas

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Unlike most etymology textbooks, this one presents the words studied in the context of the ideas in which the words functioned. Instead of studying endless lists of word roots, suf xes, and pre xes in isolation, the words are enlivened by the social, literary, and cultural media in which they were used. Readers are introduced to a wide variety of topics from classical antiquity, entertained by clever cartoons, and are enabled to practice their word knowledge with exercises. Features: An etymology textbook that also introduces students to a wide variety of topics in classical antiquity Chapters on mythology, medicine, politics and law, commerce and economics, philosophy, psychology, and history Introduction to word building Exercises throughout Illustrations of ancient artifacts Clever cartoons on word origins Three indices: Names and Cultural Topics; Word-Building Topics; English Words and Phrases
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Each entry: Identies the language of origin and gives a polished translation Provides a literal, word-by-word explication, which lets the reader know as exactly as possible what the phrase means Additional features: Quotations from recent scholarship or journalism to model proper usage Easy-to-follow format that is gentle on the eyes
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Christmas Carols in Latin
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The lyrics to the 12 carols sung in Classical and Ecclesiastical Latin can be found in Latine Cantemus. It Came Upon The Midnight Clear God Rest You Merry, Gentlemen Jingle Bells Deck The Halls O Christmas Tree We Wish You A Merry Christmas Joy To The World The First Noel O Come All Ye Faithful Silent Night Hark The Herald Angels Sing O Little Town Of Bethlehem
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CARMINA POLULARIA
Well-known Songs in Latin
C.C Couch & Teddy Irwin
The Latin lyrics to the 15 songs sung in Latin can be found in Latine Cantemus. America the Beautiful Oh, Susannah Greensleeves Old Folks at Home Guantanamera This Old Man Old MacDonald Gaudeamus Igitur Row, Row, Row Your Boat What Shall We Do with the Drunken Sailor Polly Wolly Doodle Shenandoah Auld Lang Syne My Bonnie Oh, When the Saints Go Marching In
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Cantica Popularia Latine Reddita
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Schlossers translations of sixty popular songs along with forty-nine traditional songs form the largest compendium of Latin songs in print. Folk songs, ballads, popular songs, spirituals, Christmas carols, childrens songs, and chanties ll this volume and will ll the hearts of those who sing them with enjoyment and delight. Appendices of Gregorian chants, Christmas songs, and traditional Latin favorites with the musical notation are included.
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This book gives an historical account of the chief Latin constructions, and gives teachers more information on each structure than the traditional grammar books. The Index of Passages Quoted is especially useful for teachers. This is a necessary reference and an indispensable vademecum for teachers and advanced students.
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Student Text: (2004) Paperback, ISBN 0-86516-587-4 Teachers Manual: (2004) Paperback, ISBN 0-86516-588-2

Latin Everywhere Everyday

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Latin Everywhere,

Bolchazy-Carducci Publishers, Inc.

Copyright 2004, by Bolchazy-Carducci Publishers, Inc. All rights reserved.

Printed in the United States of America

Chapter Eight: Chapter Nine: Chapter Ten: Chapter Eleven:

Answers to Chapter One

Answers to Chapter One 3

anno Domini (A.D.) ante bellum

Answers to Chapter One 5

Answers to Chapter One 7

cum grano salis

Answers to Chapter One 9

docendo discitur dramatis personae

mortuis docendo novo

Answers to Chapter One 11

emeritus, emerita errare humanum est et alia (et al.)

Answers to Chapter One 13

exempli gratia (e.g.) exeat

Answers to Chapter One 15

homo sapiens ibidem (ibid.) id est (i.e.)

Answers to Chapter One 17

in hoc signo vinces in loco parentis in medias res in memoriam

Answers to Chapter One 19

Answers to Chapter One 21

mea culpa mens sana in corpore sano mirabile dictu

Answers to Chapter One 23

non compos mentis non sequitur

Answers to Chapter One 25

Answers to Chapter One 27

prima facie pro bono publico pro forma pro rata

Answers to Chapter One 29

Answers to Chapter One 31

holy of holies, a very private place

secular, commonplace, ordinary

Answers to Chapter One 33

sub rosa sui generis sui juris

Answers to Chapter One 35

veni, vidi, vici

verbatim verbum sapienti

Answers to Chapter One 37

Answers to Chapter Two

Review Exercise: The Fabulous Forty, p. 76

Answers to Chapter two 41

Review Exercise: The Fabulous Forty (contd), p. 78

16. 17. 18. 19.

emeritus, emerita ex libris ex ofcio ex tempore

Answers to Chapter two 43

Review Exercise: The Fabulous Forty (contd), p. 80

homo sapiens in agrante delicto

24. 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30.

Answers to Chapter two 45

Review Exercise: The Fabulous Forty (contd), p. 82

status quo ante

the condition in which things (were) before under penalty

38. 39. 40.

tabula rasa tempus fugit terra rma

blank slate time ies solid earth, rm ground

Answers to Chapter two 47

Review Exercise: Verba Sapienti, p. 84

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15.

Answers to Chapter Three

Answers to Chapter three 51

deo gratias crescit

Answers to Chapter three 53