Overhead Line Design Standard Transmission Distribution System

TS-107 - Overhead Line Design Standard for Transmission & Distribution Systems
Technical Standard - TS-107

Overhead Line Design Standard for Transmission & Distribution Systems
Published: 7 December 2012
SA Power Networks
www.sapowernetworks.com.au
TS-107 Authorised: Jehad Ali Date of Publication: 07 December 2012 Page 1 of 38
The use of this Technical Standard is subject to the conditions stated in SA Power Networks disclaimer in front of this document.
WARNING: Printed copies of this document ARE DEEMED UNCONTROLLED. The most up-to-date version is located on the Intranet/Internet
Please Note: Appendix F and Appendix G are not included in this document but can be found in a separate file on the SA Power Networks intranet site.
Revision Notice:
Date September 2010 3 September 2012 Explanation Interim update to TS107. Appendix-B table: WB Sub-Transmission Poles on pages 25, 26, & 27 updated only. Company name change only. No other content of this Technical Standard has been altered. Any revision markings are from the September 2010 edition. Amended Format and Enhanced Appendix-A only. No other content of this Technical Standard has been altered. Changes to be followed as of September 2010 edition.
7 December 2012
SA Power Networks:
SA Power Networks means Distribution Lessor Corporation subject to a two hundred year lease to the partnership of companies trading as SA Power Networks or SA Power Networks in its own right. SA Power Networks, ABN 13 332 330 749, a partnership of: Spark Infrastructure SA (No.1) Pty Ltd, ABN 54 091 142 380 Spark Infrastructure SA (No.2) Pty Ltd, ABN 19 091 143 038 Spark Infrastructure SA (No.3) Pty Ltd, ABN 50 091 142 362 each incorporated in Australia. CKI Utilities Development Limited, ABN 65 090 718 880 PAI Utilities Development Limited, ABN 82 090 718 951 each incorporated in The Bahamas. 1 Anzac Highway, Keswick, South Australia, 5035.
SA Power Networks Disclaimer:

1. The use of the information contained in this Technical Standard is at your sole risk. 2. The information in this Technical Standard is subject to change without notice. 3. SA Power Networks, its agents, instrumentalities, officers and employees: a) Make no representations, express or implied, as to the accuracy of the information contained in this Technical Standard; b) Accept no liability for any use of the said information or reliance placed on it; and c) Make no representations, either expressed or implied, as to the suitability of the said information for any particular purpose. 4. SA Power Networks and its agencies and instrumentalities do not endorse or in any respect warrant any third party products or services by virtue of any information, material or content referred to or included on, or linked from or to this Technical Standard.
SA Power Networks Copyright 2012:

This publication is copyright. SA Power Networks reserves to itself all rights in such material. You must not reproduce any content of this Technical Standard by any process without first obtaining SA Power Networks permission, except as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968. All rights reserved
TS-107
Authorised: Jehad Ali
Date of Publication: 07 December 2012 Page 2 of 38
Contents
2. 3. 4. 5. 6. SCOPE............................................................................................................. 6 REFERENCES ................................................................................................... 6 DEFINITIONS................................................................................................... 6 LAND CATEGORY ............................................................................................ 6 POLES ............................................................................................................. 7
6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 General.......................................................................................................................................... 7 Design Information ....................................................................................................................... 7 Pole Selection ................................................................................................................................ 7 Loading Parameters on Poles........................................................................................................ 8 Longitudinal Wind ......................................................................................................................... 8 Standard Location of Poles ........................................................................................................... 9
1.
PURPOSE ........................................................................................................ 6
7.
FOOTINGS ...................................................................................................... 9
7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 General.......................................................................................................................................... 9 Soil Types ...................................................................................................................................... 9 Footing Types ................................................................................................................................ 9 Materials ..................................................................................................................................... 10 Formers ....................................................................................................................................... 10 Footing Orientation..................................................................................................................... 10
8.
CONDUCTORS............................................................................................... 10
8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 Definitions for Conductor Tensions ............................................................................................ 10 General........................................................................................................................................ 11 Tension ........................................................................................................................................ 11 Side Swing ................................................................................................................................... 11 Measurements of As-Built Condition .......................................................................................... 11
9.
POLE TOP CONSTRUCTIONS .......................................................................... 11

9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 Pole top Assemblies .................................................................................................................... 11 Line Hardware ............................................................................................................................. 11 Network Directive ND J4 ............................................................................................................. 12 Bushfire and Non-Bushfire Risk Areas ........................................................................................ 12 Corrosion Zones and High Pollution Zones ................................................................................. 12 High Load Corridors .................................................................................................................... 12
TS-107
TS-107 - Overhead Line Design Standard for Transmission & Distribution Systems 10. INSULATORS ................................................................................................. 12
10.1 Suspension .................................................................................................................................. 12 10.2 Tension ........................................................................................................................................ 13 10.3 Post (66kV only) .......................................................................................................................... 13 10.4 Pin (11kV) .................................................................................................................................... 13
11. ELECTRICAL REQUIREMENTS......................................................................... 13

11.1 Rated Voltage .............................................................................................................................. 13 11.2 Lightning Withstand Voltage....................................................................................................... 14 11.3 I2t Rating...................................................................................................................................... 14 11.4 Electrical Clearances ................................................................................................................... 14
12. OTHER CONSIDERATIONS ............................................................................. 14

12.1 Ferro-resonance .......................................................................................................................... 14
Appendix A: Conductor Design Constants ............................................................ 15

A-1: All Aluminium Conductors (AAC) - Metric ..................................................................................... 15 A-2: All Aluminium Conductors (AAC) - Imperial................................................................................... 16 A-3: All Aluminium Conductors (ACSR/GZ & ACSR/AZ) - Metric ........................................................... 17 A-4: All Aluminium Conductors (ACSR/GZ & ACSR/AZ) - Imperial ........................................................ 18 A-5: All Galvanised Steel Conductors (SC/GZ) - Metric ......................................................................... 19 A-6: All Galvanised Steel Conductors (SC/GZ) - Imperial ...................................................................... 20 A-7: Hard Drawn Copper Conductors - Imperial ................................................................................... 21 A-8: All Aluminium Clad Steel Conductors (SC/AC) - Metric & Imperial ............................................... 22 A-9: All Aluminium Alloy Conductors - 1120 (AAAC/1120) Metric & 6201A (AAAC/6201) - Metric ..... 23
Appendix B: Pole Design Data .............................................................................. 24

B-1: Distribution Poles Data .................................................................................................................. 24 B-2: Transformer Poles Data ................................................................................................................. 25 B-3: Distribution Poles Construction Details ......................................................................................... 26 B-4: Transformer Details ....................................................................................................................... 27 B-5: Transformer Details - Continued ................................................................................................... 28 B-6: WB Sub-Transmission Poles (Design Strength & Supply Item Numbers) ................................... 29 B-7: WB Sub-Transmission Poles (Design Strength & Supply Item Numbers) - Continued ............... 30 B-8: WB Sub-Transmission Poles (Design Strength & Supply Item Numbers) - Continued ............... 31
TS-107
TS-107 - Overhead Line Design Standard for Transmission & Distribution Systems APPENDIX C: Network Directive-ND P1 - Standard Location of Poles .................... 32 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. SCOPE........................................................................................................... 32 REFERENCES ................................................................................................. 32 DEFINITIONS................................................................................................. 32 RESPONSIBILITIES ......................................................................................... 32 DIRECTIVE .................................................................................................... 32
1.
PURPOSE ...................................................................................................... 32
APPENDIX D: Network Directive-ND J4-Construction of New Power Lines ............ 34 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. PURPOSE ...................................................................................................... 34 SCOPE........................................................................................................... 34 REFERENCES ................................................................................................. 34 DEFINITIONS................................................................................................. 34 RESPONSIBILITIES ......................................................................................... 35 DIRECTIVE .................................................................................................... 35
APPENDIX E: Conductor Measurement Sheet ....................................................... 37
Refer to a Separate Document for following TS-107- Appendix F & G................... 38 APPENDIX F: Atmospheric Corrosion Maps of South Australia ............................. 38 APPENDIX G: DPTIs Maps of High Load Corridor .................................................. 38
TS-107
1.
PURPOSE
The purpose of this Technical Standard is to define the design requirements of new lines in the SA Power Networks overhead distribution network. The designs must meet all appropriate regulations, guidelines and standards.
2.
SCOPE
This standard is applicable to overhead lines up to and including 66kV. All mechanical loads and strengths used in this technical standard are based on working stress, not ultimate stress. The general design requirements are specified in the General Standard TS-103.
3.
REFERENCES
Line design parameters for conductors and poles (structures) shall comply with the requirements of the following: ESAA document Guidelines for Design and Maintenance of Distribution and Transmission Lines Code HB C(b) 1 1999 The Electricity (General) Regulations 2012 The Electricity (Vegetation Clearance) Regulations 1996 SA Distribution Code
4.
DEFINITIONS
NBFRA (Non Bushfire Risk Area) - as defined in the Regulations associated with the Electricity Act 1996 ie the part of the state shown in the maps in schedule 3 as the non-bushfire risk area excluding the areas shown in those maps as bushfire risk areas. Bare - Bare Conductor ABC - Aerial Bundled Cable CCT - Covered Conductor Thick (equivalent to SA Power Networks - Insulated Unscreened Conductor, IUC) LV (Low Voltage Mains) - electricity distribution mains of voltage less than 1000 Volts HV (High Voltage Mains) - electricity distribution & transmission mains of voltage greater than 1000 Volts.
5.
LAND CATEGORY
In determining the wind loading on structures and cables, the appropriate land category shall be selected for the conditions when applying wind loads in calculations. The categories are: LC1 LC2 LC3 Valleys, ridges, escarpments and suburban coastal regions or any line where Increased security is required. Normal rural conditions adjacent to crops, scattered trees or undulating ground and rural coastal regions. Built up suburbs and townships, level wooded country.
TS-107
Calculation of wind load is based on a nominal working wind speed of 41m/s. For the permissible method the wind load on overhead conductors, cables and poles are outlined in table 1: All wind loads in Pa, working load LAND CATEGORY LC 1 LC 2 LC 3 1500 1200 800 2000 1500 800 1500 1200 800 2200 1800 1300 650 500 400 650 500 400
Table - 1
Conductor/pole heights less than 11m Conductor/pole heights more than 11m, but less than 20m For conductor heights less than 20m
Poles (steel edge) Poles (concrete face) Poles (steel edge) Poles (concrete face) Conductors (all) Broad Band Cable
Where span length exceeds 150m, a span reduction factor (SRF) shall be applied. This must be determined in accordance with HB C(b)1.
6.
6.1
POLES
General
Poles shall be selected such that the static (permanent) and dynamic (wind) load combination is within safe limits. The Stobie Pole consists of two rolled steel sections tapered from a closed spacing at the top to a maximum spacing just below the top of the footing and reducing to a minimum spacing at the bottom. The space between the sections is filled with concrete and the steel sections are tied together through concrete with bolts spaced at suitable intervals. The steel sections are considered to carry the full bending and compressive loads. The concrete and bolts provide restraint against buckling of the steel section under compressive load. The bolts also serve to transmit shear loads from the steel to the concrete.
6.2
Design Information
Strength in the strong direction is limited to a maximum of 4.5 times the weak direction strength. Wind forces shall be selected accordingly to the worst terrain category likely during the design life of the pole. If the wind load exceeds the weak direction strength by more than 50% then these poles shall be temporarily guyed if the conductors are not strung. Steel sections used are current production structural shapes to AS3678 and the steel rolled to AS3679 - Grade 250 (Corresponding to 250Mpa ultimate yield stress). Designations are: Tapered Flange Beams (TFB) Universal Beams (UB) Universal Columns (UC) Top of footing level is nominally 150mm below ground level. In built up areas and in underground work, the footing level may be 300mm below ground level.
6.3
Pole Selection
Poles are commonly described by the duty they perform. They can be termed line, angle, deadend, brace and transformer poles. Each individual pole must be examined in relation to its duty to determine that a pole of adequate strength in strong and weak directions is used without the use of guy wires.
TS-107
TS-107 - Overhead Line Design Standard for Transmission & Distribution Systems 6.4 Loading Parameters on Poles
The design loadings reflected to the pole top in both strong and weak direction, should not exceed the strength of the pole in either direction.
In addition to the above, the combined loading (K) of the pole should not exceed the factor given in the table below. The combination loading (K) is expressed as:
K
Where,
fs = applied load in strong direction Fs = poles design strength in strong direction fw = applied load in weak direction Fw = poles design strength in weak direction
K Factors shall be selected from the following table-2.
Table - 2
Condition Sustained load conditions, without wind Maintenance or erection condition (allow 20% of maximum wind loadings) K Factor 1.0 1.0
Short Duration Load conditions 1. All poles 1 deg C with no wind 1.1 At 15 deg C plus wind 2. Line or angle pole 1.0 3. Dead-end pole (Temporary or permanent) 1.5 Where conductors provide constraint for a dead-end pole, ie at tee-off positions, the wind on the pole concrete face and tee-off conductor span may be reduced by up to 50% (depending on the level of constraint) when calculating fw. Strengths of commonly used poles are listed in Appendix B.
6.5
Longitudinal Wind
The assessment of the pole strength for wind blowing along the line is a difficult assessment and generally beyond the scope of a basic design process. The significance of the along line wind will depend on the location of the pole, the size of the pole and along line stiffness of the poles and conductor. Many Stobie poles will not be self-supporting and will require the interaction with the conductor to be structurally adequate. Experience gained on transmission lines built throughout South Australia over a 50 year period has demonstrated good performance for wind along the line using the standard methods of design provided the crossarms and extension pieces are capable of resisting some basic longitudinal loads generated by wind on the pole. However, this does not guarantee that the same level of security has been achieved in the transverse and longitudinal direction for all poles. As a minimum, it is recommended that for poles over 12 m total length where the wind on the pole exceeds the capacity, a longitudinal load equivalent to 50% of the published SA Power Networks load (working) on the pole is a minimum design load to be resisted by any component connecting the pole to the conductors.
TS-107
This load should be shared between each of the conductors. This along line load is not required to be applied to the pole to determine adequacy in the direction along the line. For poles where the conductor does not deviate, the pole capacity need only be checked against strength in the transverse (strong) direction provided the ratio of strong to weak strength does not exceed 4.5 to 1. The designer should give individual consideration to every pole and make some assessment on the effect of wind in the direction along the line and how the pole is supported. Use of a previous successful standard pole/conductor/crossarm/span length arrangement is considered a reasonable assessment criterion for a basic line design. SA Power Networks may request that the design is given a more sophisticated assessment by an independent designer.
6.6
Standard Location of Poles

Poles shall be located in positions which meet the requirements of Network Directive ND-P1 (re-printed in Appendix C)
7.
7.1
FOOTINGS
General
Poles shall be selected such that they can withstand loads without the assistance of guy wires. The footing selection shall also be based on the correct assessment of the soil type.
7.2
Soil Types
Soils are grouped into three classes, A, B, and C as follows; Class A Gravel, compacted sand and rock soils not subject to large variations in volume with moisture content, which offer appreciable resistance to boring and which remain stable after boring. Note: If the excavation is in rock, the hole should be just large enough to take the pole at the recommended depth, and no reinforcement is necessary in the concrete. Class B Class C Soils subject to large variations in volume with changing moisture content. Soils which offer little cohesion, ie clay. Low bearing soil. Requires caisson to support sides during excavation. Examples are swamps, saturated soil and drift sands.
7.3
Footing Types
The footing type shall be selected from the SA Power Networks Construction Manual (Drawing E1800 series). Alternative footing arrangements may be used if certified by an appropriately qualified civil engineer. The types are: 1. Full strength a. In Situ b. Two Block c. Cylindrical d. Deep Type 2. Unformed Footings The Unformed footing is acceptable where it can be certified by an appropriately qualified civil engineer that loads on the pole will not exceed the strength of the pole and cause movement. An unformed footing may be used when : a. a pole is not to be loaded at more than 50% of its strong direction strength, or b. exceed half the design factor, ie 1.5 for terminal pole equates to 0.75. An unformed footing may NOT be used when for a terminal pole.
TS-107 Authorised: Jehad Ali
TS-107 - Overhead Line Design Standard for Transmission & Distribution Systems 7.4 Materials
Concrete for footings shall have a minimum compressive strength of 12 MPa at 7 days and 20 MPa at 28 days.
7.5
Formers
Formers shall be used for cored footings. Formers are numbered on size order from 0 to U5, where 0 is the smallest. Refer to SA Power Networks WC series drawings for former dimensions.
7.6
Footing Orientation
All pole footings shall be orientated correctly in relation to the centre line of the mains, and shall be positioned so that the pole will have the direction of the resultant forces acting along the strong direction of the pole.
8.
8.1
CONDUCTORS
Definitions for Conductor Tensions
Sustained Load means the tension in the conductor and applied to the pole at a temperature which is the mean of the winter season. This load is considered to be applied with no wind.
Table - 3
Winter Mean Temperature (Sustained Loads) 9 deg C 11 deg C 14 deg C ST T9 T 11 T 14
Zone 1 (South East) Zone 2 (Central - Metro Areas) Zone 3 (Northern)
Everyday Load means the tension in the conductor at a temperature which is the mean of the twelve month period. This Load is considered to be applied with no wind.
Table - 4
Yearly Mean Temperature (Everyday Loads) 13 deg C 16 deg C 20 deg C EDT T 13 T 16 T 20
Zone 1 (South East) Zone 2 (Central - Metro Areas) Zone 3 (Northern)
Short Duration Load means the tension in the conductor and applied to the pole in the most severe of the following conditions: a. A conductor temperature equal to the average minimum winter temperature in still air conditions (+ 1 deg C), or b. A conductor temperature of +15 deg C with the maximum wind pressure on the projected area of the conductor. Minimum Sag occurs in the conductor at a temperature of 1 deg C in still air. Maximum Sag occurs in the conductor at a temperature of: 50C 80C 11kV radial lines in rural areas only 11kV backbone feeder sections, 33kV in rural and metropolitan areas. all 66kV lines, unless otherwise specified.
100C -
TS-107
A reinforcing cage must be used for all transmission poles.
TS-107 - Overhead Line Design Standard for Transmission & Distribution Systems 8.2 General
Vibration induced into the line shall be limited by careful selection of a tension at which the conductor operates for the majority of its design life to ensure that the fatigue endurance limit of the conductor wires is not reached.
8.3
Tension
The design conductor tension under the everyday load condition is that the horizontal tension shall be no greater than the percentage of its calculated breaking load as derived from HB C(b)1. Under the short duration load, the tangential tension in the conductor should not exceed 50% of its calculated breaking load. It must be stressed that this is a maximum tension which should be used to avoid damage to the conductor over its expected service life. Lesser tensions may be used accordingly to pole capacities or other considerations. Design constants for bare conductors are contained in Appendix A
8.4
Side Swing
All designs must include a check to ensure that the conductor will not swing, under the influence of wind, outside the requirements of the Electricity Act and Regulations. This design shall be checked at the conditions stated in clause 2 and 3, eg for rural application in terrain category 2, - T50 + 500pa wind.
8.5
Measurements of As-Built Condition

SA Power Networks Compliance Inspector shall have at all reasonable times access to the work site, and shall have the power at all reasonable times, to inspect, examine, and test materials and workmanship of the works during its manufacture or installation. Measurement Sheets are to be completed by the Contractor throughout the progress of the works. The Measurement Sheets shall be submitted with the Certificate of Practical Completion. Measurement Sheets shall be in accordance with Appendix E. Where tests are performed i.e. earth stake resistance readings, they shall be recorded in accordance with the Testing Standard (TS 105) and submitted with the Certificate of Practical Completion.
9.
9.1
POLE TOP CONSTRUCTIONS

Pole top Assemblies
Pole top assemblies shall be selected and constructed in accordance with the relevant E-Drawings. Only arrangements including combination arrangements illustrated in the E-Drawings are acceptable.
9.2
Line Hardware
Table - 5
Item Minimum failing load 11kV, LV 33kV 66kV 70kN per string as per AS1154 Armour grip suspension style clamps to be used at all post and suspension positions.
Conductor protection
None
None
Vibration dampers Warning markers
As per HB C(b)1 Aircraft warning markers to be installed on river crossings and adjacent spans and as otherwise directed by AS3891.
TS-107
TS-107 - Overhead Line Design Standard for Transmission & Distribution Systems 9.3 Network Directive ND J4
All new power lines constructed must conform to the Network Directive, ND J4: Construction of New Power Lines. A copy of ND J4 can be found in Appendix D.
9.4
Bushfire and Non-Bushfire Risk Areas

The Network Directive, ND J4, specifies the construction requirements for Non-Bushfire Risk Areas (NBFRA), Bushfire Risk Areas (BFRA) and High Bushfire Risk Areas (HBFRA). The following table reiterates and expands on these requirements for 11 kV applications.
Table - 6
APPLICATION OF 11 kV OVERHEAD CONSTRUCTION TYPES * NBFRAs of Adelaide Rural Backbones & Rural Spurs Metro Area Feeder Ties Standard Construction Open wire Open wire Open wire Alternative Construction CCT (IUC) CCT (IUC) ABC or CCT (IUC) * Table to be read in conjunction with Network Directive ND J4. Refer to Section 4 of this standard for definitions.
9.5
Corrosion Zones and High Pollution Zones

Standards for 11, 33 & 66 kV constructions in corrosion zone areas and high pollution areas may vary from those standards that generally apply. These variations of standards can be found throughout the E drawings, eg E1017, HV Insulators, in the Overhead Construction E drawing manual. Other construction drawings show alternatives for high corrosion/pollution. The locations of the States corrosion zones are shown in Appendix F, the Atmospheric Corrosion Map of South Australia. Note, the areas defined as Very Severe Zones are regarded as the SA Power Networks Corrosion Zone Areas. The pollution zones of the State are the same as the corrosion zones, plus, lines constructed near the coast* and any area subject to heavy atmospheric contamination. This map is intended to illustrate general areas that may be prone to corrosion or pollutants. Where additional areas are known to be corrosive or have high pollution due to local conditions, appropriate construction standards must be specified. All designs of overhead constructions for corrosion or high pollution zones must specify the appropriate standards. * The depth of the pollution zone from the coast varies (refer to the E drawings), but the minimum depth is 1 km.
9.6
High Load Corridors

New overhead road crossings (including services) must be erected so as not to compromise existing clearances along high load corridors. Refer to the Transport SA maps in Appendix G for the location of Principle Routes for Over dimensional Loads and contact the High Load Officer, George Hudson, for further details.
10.
10.1
INSULATORS
In all cases, SA Power Networks Standard insulators are to be used.
Suspension
Table - 7
Type Minimum strength Corona Ring Cap and pin Standard profile refer line hardware No
TS-107
TS-107 - Overhead Line Design Standard for Transmission & Distribution Systems 10.2 Tension
Table - 8
Minimum strength Corona Ring refer line hardware No
Type
Cap and pin Standard profile
10.3
Post (66kV only)

Table - 9
Type Material Minimum leakage distance Minimum strength Corona Ring Line Post AS Clamp top, Aerodynamic profile 1780mm (2080mm for large conductors & heavy spans) 12.5kN vertical mount, 19kN horizontal mount No
10.4
Pin (11kV)
Table - 10
Type Material Minimum leakage distance Minimum strength Line Pin, Aerodynamic profile mm (mm for large conductors & heavy spans) kN vertical mount, kN horizontal mount
11.
11.1
ELECTRICAL REQUIREMENTS
Rated Voltage
The maximum continuous rated voltage shall be:
Table - 11
11kV lines 33kV lines 66kV lines 11kV + 10 % = 12kV 33kV + 10 % = 36kV 66kV + 10% = 72.6kV
TS-107
TS-107 - Overhead Line Design Standard for Transmission & Distribution Systems 11.2 Lightning Withstand Voltage
The lightning impulse withstands voltage under full wave dry conditions using the standard 1.2/50 microsecond impulse shall be: 11kV lines 33kV lines 66kV lines 95kV 170kV 325kV
Table - 12
The wave shape for switching impulses is 250/2500 microseconds.
11.3
I2t Rating
Table - 13
11kV lines 33kV lines 66kV lines Max 20kA for 1 second (400M A2.sec), Average 8kA for 1 second (64M A2.sec) Maximum fault current at the maximum backup protection clearing times, will be advised, when required Maximum fault current at the maximum backup protection clearing times will be advised, when required.
11.4
Electrical Clearances
The following minimum clearances shall be maintained to supporting structures, under all conditions:
Table - 14
Clearance 11kV 33kV 66kV Phase to Earth 255mm 350mm 690mm Phase to Phase 255mm 400mm 800mm The minimum clearances defined in the Electricity (General) Regulations 1997 and associated schedules shall be maintained, under all conditions.
12.
12.1
OTHER CONSIDERATIONS
Ferro-resonance
On 33kV be aware of the potential for Ferro-resonance and consider the availability of appropriate three phase switching devices to isolate transformers that are supplied by short lengths of 33kV cable.
TS-107
Appendix A: Conductor Design Constants

A-1: All Aluminium Conductors (AAC) - Metric
ALL ALUMINIUM CONDUCTOR (AAC) (Metric) 6 7 8 9 Cross Sectional Area (A) mm2 41.6 77.3 124.0 182.8 307.0 506.1 Mass Conductor Load N/m
1 Equiv. Alum Area mm2 41.10 76.30 122.00 180.00 301.00 495.00
2 Stranding and Wire Diameter mm 7/2.75 7/3.75 7/4.75 19/3.50 37/3.25 61/3.25
3 UTS kN 6.72 11.80 18.90 28.70 48.20 75.20
4 Resistance at 20C Ohms/km 0.6890 0.3700 0.2320 0.1570 0.0940 0.0572
5 Total Diameter mm 8.3 11.3 14.3 17.5 22.8 29.3
10
11 Modulus of Elasticity (E) kPa 59 x 106 59 x 106 59 x 106 56 x 106 56 x 106 54 x 106
kg/m W W100 W500 0.113 1.099 1.377 4.293 0.211 2.080 2.367 6.021 0.339 3.335 3.629 7.890 0.503 4.925 5.226 10.041 0.845 8.289 8.594 14.055 1.400 18.247 18.480 23.400
12 Coefficient of Expansion (a) per C x 10-6 23.0 23.0 23.0 23.0 23.0 23.0
WARNING: Printed copies of this document ARE DEEMED UNCONTROLLED. The most up-to-date version is lo
13
14
Constants C1 319.7 436.0 552.1 650.9 846.2 1067.0 C2 56.4 104.9 168.3 233.9 395.3 628.5
Notes: 1. Conductor Loads in Column 9 and 10 are the result of conductor load + wind load on projected area. W100 for 100 pascal wind and W500 for 500 pascal wind 2. Values taken from AS1531 1991, Table 3.2 3. C1 = and C2 = ; are conductor constants used in temperature change calculations.
Where, E = Final modulus of Elasticity, A = Cross sectional area and a = Coefficient of Linear Expansion
TS-107
TS-107 - Overhead Line Design Standard for Transmission & Distribution Systems A-2: All Aluminium Conductors (AAC) - Imperial
ALL ALUMINIUM CONDUCTOR (AAC) (Imperial) 5 6 7 8 Cross Resistance Total Sectional Mass Diameter at 20C Area (A) Ohms/km mm mm2 kg/m 1.9685 4.8 14.5 .0399 1.0641 6.6 26.8 .0733 0.7273 8.0 39.1 .1073 0.3882 11.0 73.5 .2008 0.2329 14.2 122.7 .3362 0.1487 18.1 195.0 .5385 0.0970 22.4 297.7 .8271 0.0546 29.9 529.2 1.4624 0.0477 32.0 605.8 1.6855
1 Equiv Copper Area in2 .014 .024 .037 .07 .117 .183 .28 .497 .57
2 Equiv Alum Area mm2 14.34 26.50 38.75 72.60 121.13 191.21 292.24 518.71 595.25
3 Stranding and Wire Diameter inches 7/.064 7/.087 7/.1052 7/.144 7/.186 37/.102 37/.1261 37/.168 61/.1403
4 UTS kN 2.62 4.76 6.63 11.79 18.86 31.58 45.59 77.18 91.63
10 Conductor Load N/m
11
12
13
Constants C2 20.3 37.6 54.8 102.9 171.2 263.4 402.7 714.2 807.1
W 0.391 0.719 1.052 1.970 3.298 5.253 8.114 14.346 16.535
W100 0.625 0.977 1.323 2.254 3.589 5.557 8.418 14.653 16.843
W500 2.470 3.392 4.149 5.829 7.817 10.495 13.842 20.709 23.037
C1 191.9 261.5 314.3 430.3 566.8 691.8 852.1 1136.8 1206.4
Notes: 1. Conductor Loads in Column 10 and 11 are the result of conductor load + wind load on projected area. W100 for 100 pascal wind and W500 for 500 pascal wind 2. Design figures in column 4 to 13 are direct conversions for values shown on SA Power Networks drawing P-30750 3. C1 = and C2 = ; are conductor constants used in temperature change calculations.
TS-107
TS-107 - Overhead Line Design Standard for Transmission & Distribution Systems A-3: All Aluminium Conductors (ACSR/GZ & ACSR/AZ) - Metric
ALL ALUMINIUM CONDUCTOR - GALVANISED STEEL REINFORCED (ACSR/GZ) ALL ALUMINIUM CONDUCTOR - ALUMINISED STEEL REINFORCED (ACSR/AZ) (Metric) 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Resistance Total Cross Mass Conductor Load Modulus Diameter Sectional N/m of at 20C Area (A) Elasticity (E) 2 Ohms/km mm mm kg/m W W100 W500 kPa .8050 8.25 41.6 0.144 1.413 1.636 4.360 79 x 106 .4330 11.3 77.3 0.268 2.629 2.861 6.232 79 x 106 .2710 14.3 120.4 0.404 3.963 4.213 8.175 76 x 106 .1960 17.5 181.6 0.675 6.622 6.849 10.973 80 x 106 .1160 22.75 306.9 1.141 11.193 11.421 15.959 80 x 106 .0758 27.0 431.2 1.440 14.126 14.381 19.540 68 x 106 .0557 31.5 586.9 1.960 19.228 19.484 24.855 68 x 106
1 Equiv Alum Area mm2 35.2 65.2 105.0 144.0 244.0 373.0 508.0
2 3 Stranding and Wire Diameter mm Alum 6/2.75 6/3.75 6/4.75 30/2.5 30/3.25 54/3.0 54/3.5 Steel 1 /2.75 1/3.75 7/1.6 7/2.5 7/3.25 7/3.0 7/3.5
4 UTS
13 Coefficient of Expansion (a) per C x 10-6 19.3 19.3 19.9 18.4 18.4 19.9 19.9
14 15 Constants
kN 12.5 21.5 31.9 61.6 104.0 115.0 153.0
C1 370.0 504.4 617.5 778.0 1011.4 1105.3 1289.5
C2 63.4 117.9 182.1 267.3 451.8 583.5 794.2
Notes: 1. Conductor Loads in Column 10 and 11 are the result of conductor load + wind load on projected area. W100 for 100 pascal wind and W500 for 500 pascal wind 2. Values taken from AS1220, Part 1 and 2. 1973 except for conductor marked * 3. C1 = and C2 = ; are conductor constants used in temperature change calculations.
TS-107
TS-107 - Overhead Line Design Standard for Transmission & Distribution Systems A-4: All Aluminium Conductors (ACSR/GZ & ACSR/AZ) - Imperial
ALL ALUMINIUM CONDUCTOR - GALVANISED STEEL REINFORCED (ACSR/GZ) ALL ALUMINIUM CONDUCTOR - ALUMINISED STEEL REINFORCED (ACSR/AZ) (Imperial) 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Stranding and Wire Cross Conductor Load Resistanc Total Diameter UTS Sectional Mass N/m e at 20C Diameter mm Area Alum Steel kN Ohms/km mm mm2 kg/m W W100 W500 6/.1052 1/.1052 11.83 0.5808 8.0 39.4 0.1355 1.330 1.553 4.228 6/.144 1/.144 21.62 0.4538 11.0 7305 0.2544 2.496 2.726 6.027 6/.186 7/.062 32.47 0.2723 14.2 118.7 0.3957 3.882 4.132 8.080 30/.093 7/.093 56.58 0.2198 16.5 161.9 0.6040 5.925 6.151 10.172 30/.102 7/.102 67.48 0.1826 18.1 194.8 0.7275 7.136 7.362 11.539 30/1261 7/.1261 101.51 0.1203 22.4 298.1 1.1113 10.902 11.130 15.640 54/.118 7/.118 116.54 0.0760 27.0 430.3 1.4430 14.156 14.410 19.553 54/.139 7/.139 159.78 0.0548 31.8 596.8 2.0009 19.629 19.884 25.253
1 Equiv Copper Area in2 .03 .06 .10 .125 .15 .225 .35 .5
2 Equiv Alum Area mm2 33.14 62.10 103.60 128.58 154.67 236.40 372.35 516.92
13
14
Constants C2 59.1 111.3 167.3 221.8 266.6 408.3 560.5 777.5
C1 360.7 493.5 596.9 723.4 793.0 980.7 1098.8 1292.9
TS-107
TS-107 - Overhead Line Design Standard for Transmission & Distribution Systems A-5: All Galvanised Steel Conductors (SC/GZ) - Metric
GALVANISED STEEL CONDUCTOR (SC/GZ) (Metric) 6 7 8 9 Cross Sectional Area (A) mm2 17.8 14.1 38.2 59.7 Mass kg/m 0.139 0.113 0.309 0.483 Conductor Load N/m W 1.364 1.109 3.031 4.738 W100 1.487 1.208 3.135 4.842 W500 3.264 2.644 5.019 6.888
1 Equiv Alum Area mm2 2.95 2.32 6.26 9.79
2 Stranding and Wire Diameter mm 3/2.75 7/1.60 19/1.60 19/2.00
3 UTS kN 22.2 17.5 47.6 74.4
4 Resistance at 20C Ohms/km 9.7 12.4 4.5 2.9
5 Total Diameter mm 5.93 4.80 8.00 10.00
10
11 Modulus of Elasticity (E) kPa 193 x 106 193 x 106 193 x 106 193 x 106
12 Coefficient of Expansion (a) per C x 10-6 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.5
13
14
Constants C2 39.6 31.2 84.8 132.5
C1 378.6 336.4 554.2 692.8
Notes: 1. Conductor Loads in Column 9 and 10 are the result of conductor load + wind load on projected area. W100 for 100 pascal wind and W500 for 500 pascal wind 2. Values taken from AS1220, Part 1 1973 except for conductor marked * 3. C1 = and C2 = ; are conductor constants used in temperature change calculations.
TS-107
TS-107 - Overhead Line Design Standard for Transmission & Distribution Systems A-6: All Galvanised Steel Conductors (SC/GZ) - Imperial
GALVANISED STEEL CONDUCTOR (SC/GZ) (Imperial) 5 6 7 8 Cross Resistance Total Sectional Mass Diameter at 20C Area (A) Ohms/km mm mm2 kg/m 10.31 5.7 16.5 0.1294 3.28 10.0 58.1 0.4880 3.06 10.2 61.6 0.4954
1 Equiv Copper Area in2 0.0026 0.0090 0.0096
2 Equiv Alum Area mm2 2.72 9.57 10.10
3 Stranding and Wire Diameter inches 3/.104 7/.128 19/.080
4 UTS kN 20.51 72.51 76.95
11
12
13
Constants C2 36.4 128.1 131.3
W 1.270 4.787 4.860
W100 1.392 4.885 4.965
W500 3.115 6.834 7.030
C1 362.8 685.5 689.7
TS-107
TS-107 - Overhead Line Design Standard for Transmission & Distribution Systems A-7: Hard Drawn Copper Conductors - Imperial
HARD DRAWN COPPER CONDUCTOR (Imperial) 5 6 7 8 Cross Resistance Total Sectional Mass Diameter at 20C Area (A) Ohms/km mm mm2 kg/m 2.1905 3.7 8.1 0.0759 1.2314 4.9 14.4 0.1302 0.7874 6.1 22.5 0.2054 0.4659 7.9 38.1 0.3438 0.2723 10.4 64.7 0.5878 0.1783 12.8 97.0 0.8899 0.1389 14.7 127.9 1.1667 0.1105 16.5 160.3 1.4673 0.1086 16.6 161.3 1.4867 0.0899 18.3 193.5 1.7977 0.0902 18.5 196.7 1.8349 0.0544 23.5 322.6 2.9614 0.0453 25.6 387.1 3.5031
1 Equiv Copper Area in2 .0125 .0225 .035 .06 .10 .15 .20 .25 .25 .30 .30 .50 .60
2 Equiv Alum Area mm2
3 Stranding and Wire Diameter inches 7/.048 7/.064 7/.080 7/.104 7/.136 19/.101 19/.116 37/.093 19/.131 19/.144 37/.103 19/.185 37/.144
4 UTS kN 3.44 6.09 9.43 15.75 26.11 39.59 51.60 64.05 64.94 77.40 80.51 123.22 150.35
11
12
13
Constants C2 16.3 28.7 45.0 76.1 130.5 198.6 257.0 321.1 327.5 395.5 393.9 654.2 774.3
W 0.744 1.277 2.014 3.371 5.765 8.727 11.442 14.390 14.579 17.629 17.994 29.042 34.354
W100 0.829 1.366 2.104 3.462 5.857 8.820 11.536 14.484 14.673 17.723 18.088 29.136 34.449
W500 1.974 2.753 3.653 5.202 7.751 10.830 13.608 16.596 16.786 19.860 20.231 31.328 36.662
C1 199.9 265.7 333.2 434.5 567.3 700.2 797.2 890.0 898.5 987.1 984.9 1267.6 1377.2
TS-107 - Overhead Line Design Standard for Transmission & Distribution Systems A-8: All Aluminium Clad Steel Conductors (SC/AC) - Metric & Imperial
ALUMINIUM CLAD STEEL CONDUCTOR (SC/AC) (Metric) 6 7 8 9 Mass Conductor Load N/m W500 3.183
1 Equiv Alum Area mm2 5.91
2 Stranding and Wire Diameter mm 3/2.75
3 UTS kN 22.7
10
Cross Resistance Total Sectional Diameter at 20C Area (A) Ohms/km 4.8 mm 5.93
mm2 kg/m W W100 17.82 0.118 1.157 1.3 Values taken from AS1222, Part 2 - 1973
11 Modulus of Elasticity (E) kPa 162 x 106
12 Coefficient of Expansion (a) per C x 10-6 12.9
13
14
Constants C2 37.2
C1 346.8
1 Equiv Copper Area in2 .005 .012
2 Equiv Alum Area mm2 5.24 12.16
ALUMINIUM CLAD STEEL CONDUCTOR (SC/AC) (Imperial) 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Stranding Cross Resistance Total Conductor Load and Wire UTS Sectional Mass Diameter N/m at 20C Diameter Area (A) inches kN Ohms/km mm mm2 kg/m W W100 W500 3/.1019 20.16 5.42 5.59 15.69 0.104 1.022 1.161 2.975 7/.1019 44.57 2.33 7.77 36.44 0.246 2.407 2.529 4.570 Design figures in column 4 to 13 are direct conversions for values shown on SA Power Networks drawing P-30736
12
13
Constants C2 32.8 76.2
C1 325.4 496.0
TS-107 - Overhead Line Design Standard for Transmission & Distribution Systems A-9: All Aluminium Alloy Conductors - 1120 (AAAC/1120) Metric & 6201A (AAAC/6201) - Metric
1 Equiv Alum Area mm2 39.7 73.7 118 2 Stranding and Wire Diameter mm 7/2.75 7/3.75 7/4.75 3 UTS (CBL) kN 9.91 17.6 27.1 4 ALL ALUMINIUM ALLOY 1120 (AAAC / 1120) - (Metric) 5 6 7 8 9 10 Conductor Load N/m W 1.099 2.080 3.335 W100 1.377 2.367 3.629 W500 4.290 6.021 7.890 11 Final Modulus of Elasticity (E) kPa 59 x 106 59 x 106 59 x 106 12 Coefficient of Linear Expansion (a) per C 23 x 10-6 23 x 10-6 23 x 10-6
13
14
Cross Resistance Conductor Sectional Diameter at 20C Area (A) Ohms/km 0.713 0.383 0.239 mm 8.25 11.3 14.3 mm2 41.58 77.28 124.0
Mass
Constants
kg/m 0.113 0.211 0.339
C1 319.7 436.0 552.1
C2 56.4 104.9 168.3
ALL ALUMINIUM ALLOY 6201A (AAAC / 6201) - (Metric) 1 Equiv Alum Area 2 Stranding and Wire Diameter 3 UTS (CBL) 4 5 6 Resistance Conductor Cross Diameter Sectional at 20C Area (A) 7 Mass 8 9 Conductor Load N/m 10 11 Final Modulus of Elasticity (E) kPa 59 x 106 59 x 106 59 x 106 12 Coefficient of Linear Expansion (a)
13 14 Constants
mm2 mm kN Ohms/km mm mm2 kg/m W W100 W500 C1 C2 per C 35.4 7/2.75 11.6 0.799 8.25 41.58 0.113 1.099 1.377 4.290 23 x 10-6 319.7 56.4 65.8 7/3.75 21.7 0.430 11.3 77.28 0.211 2.080 2.367 6.021 23 x 10-6 436.0 104.9 -6 106 7/4.75 34.8 0.268 14.3 124.0 0.339 3.335 3.629 7.890 23 x 10 552.1 168.3 Notes: 1. Values taken from AS1531 - 1991, Table 3.2 2. Conductor Loads in Column 9 and 10 are the result of conductor load + wind load on projected area. W100 for 100 pascal wind and W500 for 500 pascal wind 3. C1 = and C2 = ; are conductor constants used in temperature change calculations. Where, E = Final modulus of Elasticity, A = Cross sectional
area and a = Coefficient of Linear Expansion

Appendix B: Pole Design Data

B-1: Distribution Poles Data
Pole Designation Stock Number Pole Size Strength In Newtons Wind Force on Poles (Newtons) Steel Face TC1 1500 Pa 560 670 830 690 860 1060 760 950 1180 1180 1330 1200 1050 1290 1460 1320 1680 TC2 1200 Pa 450 540 660 550 690 850 610 760 940 940 1060 960 840 1040 1170 1060 1350 TC3 800 Pa 300 360 440 370 460 570 410 510 630 630 710 640 560 690 780 710 900 Concrete Face TC1 2000 Pa 1560 1760 1900 1950 2310 2500 2170 2570 2770 2770 3210 4240 2920 3140 3480 4760 5500 TC2 1500 Pa 1170 1320 1430 1460 1740 1870 1630 1930 2080 2080 2410 3180 2190 2360 2610 3570 4130 TC3 800 Pa 630 710 760 780 930 1000 870 1030 1110 1110 1290 1700 1170 1260 1390 1910 2200 Steel Section Designation mm-mm-kg/m Bend Position from Bottom mm Lifting Details Centre of Gravity From Bottom mm 4169 4222 4240 5003 5132 5158 5474 5556 5419 5548 5504 5703 5966 5997 5925 6136 6318 Total Mass of Pole kg 535 797 1053 681 1011 1332 731 1084 1548 1432 1949 2305 1213 1599 2056 2560 3364 Nominal Ground Line From Bottom mm 1600 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 2150 2150 1900 1900 2150 2150 2150
Distribution Poles WB 0905 WB 0910 WB 0915 WA 1105 WA 1110 WA 1115 WB 1205 WB 1210 WB 1214 WB 1215 WB 1220 WB 1227 WB 1310 WB 1315 WB 1320 WB 1327 WB 1330 9-100-288 9-125-308 9-155-318 11-100-325 11-125-345T 11-155-355T 12-100-299 12-125-319T
R12-155-355
Strong Direction 4700 10500 14800 3900 8600 12150 3500 7700 14900 11000 17300 26000 7300 10600 15000 27000 31000
Weak Direction 1300 3200 5400 870 2070 3490 900 2300 4030 3800 5800 7550 2100 3500 5200 6850 12800
Depth of Pole in Footing mm
Steel Former Number
Std.
Extra
100x45x7.2 TFB 125x65x13 TFB 150 UB 18.0 100x45x7.2 TFB 125x65x13 TFB 150 UB 18.0 100x45x7.2 TFB 125x65x13 TFB 150 UB 18.0 150 UB 18.0 180 UB 22.2 150 UC 37 125x65x13 TFB 150 UB 18.0 180 UB 22.2 150 UC 37 200 UC 52
1450 1450 1450 1550 1550 1550 1550 1550 1550 1550 1550 1550 1550 1550 1550 1550 1750
1450 1750 1750 1750 1750 1750 1750 1750 1750 1750 2000 2000 1750 1750 2000 2000 2000
0 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 3 3A 1 1 3 3A U1
1 2 2 1 2 2 1 2 2 2 3A U2 2 2 3A U2 U3
12-155-329T 12-179-417T 12-162-434 13-125-338 13-155-348T 13-179-396T 13-162-459T 13-206-405
Distribution Pole Designation 9 - 100 - 288 where 9 is the overall length to the nearest metre 100 is steel section depth in millimetres and 288 is the steel section centreline separation at the bend in metres
TS-107 - Overhead Line Design Standard for Transmission & Distribution Systems B-2: Transformer Poles Data
Wind Pressures: Exposed Situations
Z
X Y p
Rectangular T/F 1200 Pa Cylindrical T/F 750 Pa Sheltered Situations Rectangular T/F 720 Pa Cylindrical T/F 450 Pa Wind Loadings on T/F as an Equivalent Force at the Top of Pole (Newtons) (1) Strong Direction FT/F = X Y/h [h - (p - X/2)] x Wind Pressure (1) Weak Direction FT/F = X Z/h [h - (p - X/2)] x Wind Pressure
Wind Loading on Pole as an Equivalent Force at Top of Pole (1) Steel Face: PSF (2) Concrete Face: PCF (refer to Table) Transformer Loading as a Force at Top of Pole for Conductor Loadings etc PT/F = W M x 9.81 / h Conductor Tension Loading as an Equivalent Force at top of Pole Strong Direction FSC Weak Direction FWC
Allowable Combined Loading on Pole The combined loading on the pole in both directions calculated from the appropriate combination of the above loads must be within the limit set by the following equation, where k = 1.0 for normal operating loading without wind, and 1.5 for full loading under maximum wind. Fs + Fw = k Fs Fw
h M p W X Y Height above Footing (mm) T/F Cof G to Pole C/line (mm) T/F load application point from pole top (mm) T/F mass (kg) T/F height (mm) T/F breadth (mm) Z Fs Fw Fs Fw T/F Depth (mm) Strong dir. Allowable Force (N) Weak Dir. Allowable Force (N) Strong Dir. S Applied Forces (N) Weak Dir. S Applied Forces (N)
See table pages 26 & 27 for transformer details.

TS-107 - Overhead Line Design Standard for Transmission & Distribution Systems B-3: Distribution Poles Construction Details
TS-107
TS-107 - Overhead Line Design Standard for Transmission & Distribution Systems B-4: Transformer Details
The figures below (which have been provided by Tyree) apply to Tyree Transformers supplied after 1995. Capacity Mass Voltage Description Supply Item Number Current Contract kVA kg 10 150 16 LA5116 155 Single Phase 11 kV 20 185 (11/7.6kV) 50 LA5119 335 50 LA5182 335 25 LA5316 265 30 345 50 410 63 LA5327 485 Three Phase 11 kV (11/7.6kV) 100 LA5336 740 (Wilson T/F) 150 1100 200 LA5346 1220 200 1011348 1175 315 LA5356 1450 10 265 20 300 33 kV Single Phase 25 LA6116 260 50 LA6117 400 25 LA6499 600 30 710 50 830 33 kV Three Phase 63 LA6503 830 100 LA6504 1255 150 1555 200 LA6508 1725 10 LA0110 135 Single Phase 19 kV SWER SWER Dist 25 1012328 200 11 / 19 kV Single Phase SWER Isol 150 LA5196 1090
Shape Cylindrical Cylindrical Cylindrical Cylindrical Cylindrical Rectangular Cylindrical Cylindrical Rectangular Rectangular Rectangular Rectangular Rectangular Rectangular Cylindrical Cylindrical Cylindrical Cylindrical Rectangular Cylindrical Cylindrical Rectangular Rectangular Rectangular Rectangular Cylindrical Cylindrical Rectangular
Height * mm 900 840 900 1090 1040 1075 1250 1420 1175 1240 1400 1410 TBA 1290 950 950 1050 1070 1030 960 1060 1030 1225 1425 1425 840 840 1500
Width * mm 520 570 520 725 725 960 720 620 960 1180 1230 1210 TBA 1290 800 845 630 700 1210 1110 1110 1210 1145 1105 1185 570 570 970
Depth * mm 510 580 510 710 710 580 610 640 630 950 750 905 TBA 945 1130 1020 960 1030 1200 1190 1150 1200 1250 1340 1320 950 1000 1230
TS-107 - Overhead Line Design Standard for Transmission & Distribution Systems B-5: Transformer Details - Continued
Voltage 11 / 19 kV Description Capacity kVA Supply Item Number Current Contract Mass kg Shape Height * mm 1430 1400 1430
Width * mm 1070 1040 1070
Depth * mm 1300 1250 1250
Single Phase 200 LA5197 1265 Rectangular SWER Isol 33 / 19 kV Single Phase 150 LA6196 1120 Rectangular SWER Isol 200 LA6197 1270 Rectangular * The dimensions quoted for the sizes of the transformers are overall dimensions, which include bushings, lifting lugs etc.
TS-107
TS-107 - Overhead Line Design Standard for Transmission & Distribution Systems B-6: WB Sub-Transmission Poles (Design Strength & Supply Item Numbers)
Pole Drg No. WB1510 WB1515 WB1520 WB1526 WB1532 WB1536 WB1540 WB1550 WB1555 WB1565 WB1615 WB1640 WB1645 WB1660 WB1815 WB1820 WB1826 WB1830 WB1840 WB1845 WB1850 Supply Item No. 1011246 1011247 1011248 1011249 1011250 1011251 1011252 1011253 1011254 1011255 1011256 1011465 1011466 1011467 1011257 1011258 1011259 1011260 1011261 1011262 1011263 Fs (kN) 6.60 10.30 12.90 18.50 21.50 29.50 41.50 53.50 59.00 71.50 16.70* 30.90 38.00 64.00 9.10 11.60 17.10 23.00 31.00 34.50 45.00 Fw (kN) 1.47 2.98 4.30 7.10 7.00 13.40 11.80 15.30 23.50 28.90 4.80* 10.60 12.00 25.80 2.50 3.63 5.92 9.20 10.50 10.80 13.90 19.00 Pole Designation 15-125x13-415 15-155x18-425 15-179x22-440 15-207x30-460 15-162x37-430 15-206x52-397 15-203x46-645 15-205x60-640 15-254x73-580 15-260x89-575 16.5-155x18-415 Compound Section 16.5-203x46-535 16.5-206x52-585 16.5-260x89-575 18-155x18-450 Compound Section 18-179x22-465 18-207x30-510 18-256x37-550Compound Section 18-203x46-500 18-206x52-585 18-210x60-610 Compound Section 18-254x73-580 Steel Section 125x65x13TFB 150UB18 180UB22 200UB30 150UC37 200UC52 200UC46 200UC60 250UC73 250UC89 150UB18/14 200UC46 200UC52 250UC89 150UB18/14 180UB22 200UB30 250UB37/25 200UC46 200UC52 200UC60/46 250UC73 Overall Length 15.0m 15.0m 15.0m 15.0m 15.0m 15.0m 15.0m 15.0m 15.0m 15.0m 16.5m 16.5m 16.5m 16.5m 18.0m 18.0m 18.0m 18.0m 18.0m 18.0m 18.0m 18.0m Former 1 2 3 U1 3A U1 U4 U4 U4 U4 2 U3 5 U4 2 3 U1 U2 U3 5 U4 U4
Final Design Complete Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes No
WB1855 1011264 47.50 * = Ultimate Strength Values

TS-107
TS-107 - Overhead Line Design Standard for Transmission & Distribution Systems B-7: WB Sub-Transmission Poles (Design Strength & Supply Item Numbers) - Continued
Pole Drg No. WB1860 WB1862 WB2020 WB2025 WB2040 WB2045 WB2055 WB2060 WB2062 WB2070 WB2075 WB2120 WB2125 WB2130 WB2140 WB2150 WB2155 WB2160 WB2162 WB2170 WB2172 Supply Item No. 1011265 1011266 1011267 1011268 1011269 1011270 1011271 1011272 1011273 1011274 1011275 1011276 1011277 1011278 1011279 1011280 1011281 1011282 1011283 1011292 1011293 Fs (kN) 58.00 70.00 10.50 19.00 25.50 36.00 43.50 60.00 64.00 84.00 112.00 12.00 17.00 18.50 26.00 31.75 40.00 48.50 59.00 77.50 168.4* Fw (kN) 23.30 23.30 3.30 6.50 8.70 11.00 17.40 22.20 21.30 34.10 41.50 3.30 5.75 7.70 8.80 9.75 16.00 19.60 19.60 31.30 63.3* Pole Designation 18-260x89-580 Compound Section 18-260x89-700 Compound Section 19.5-179x22-465 19.5-207x30-500 Compound Section 19.5-203x46-535 19.5-206x52-575 Compound Section 19.5-254x73-580 19.5-260x89-575 Compound Section 19.5-260x89-700 Compound Section 19.5-314x118-700 Compound Section 19.5-320x137-700 Compound Section 21-179x22-465 Compound Section 21-207x30-500 21-256x37-525 Compound Section 21-203x46-500 21-210x 60-508 21-254x73-580 21-260x89-575 Compound Section 21-260x89-700 Compound Section 21-315x118-700 Compound Section 21-321x137-700 Compound Section Steel Section 250UC89/73 250UC89/73 180UB22 200UB30/22 200UC46 200UC52/46 250UC73 250UC89/73 250UC89/73 310UC118/97 310UC137/97 180UB22/18 200UB30 250UB37/31 200UC46 200UC60 250UC73 250UC89/73 250UC89/73 310UC118/97 310UC137/97 Overall Length 18.0m 18.0m 19.5m 19.5m 19.5m 19.5m 19.5m 19.5m 19.5m 19.5m 19.5m 21.0m 21.0m 21.0m 21.0m 21.3m 21.0m 21.0m 21.0m 21.0m 21.0m Former U4 U5 3 U1 U3 5 U4 U4 U5 U5 U5 3 U1 U2 U3 U3 U4 U4 U5 U5 U5
Final Design Complete Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes No Yes Yes No Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Yes No Yes Yes
TS-107
TS-107 - Overhead Line Design Standard for Transmission & Distribution Systems B-8: WB Sub-Transmission Poles (Design Strength & Supply Item Numbers) - Continued
Pole Drg No. WB2325 WB2326 WB2330 WB2340 WB2350 WB2355 WB2360 WB2370 WB2371 WB2375 WB2376 WB2430 WB2440 WB2625 WB2630 WB2641 Supply Item No. 1011294 1011295 1011297 1011299 1011300 1011301 1011302 1011303 1010386 1011304 1011305 1011306 1011307 1011308 1011309 1011537 Fs (kN) 12.40 13.00 21.00 21.50 27.00 37.50 45.00 72.00 19.00 84.10 96.60 15.90 20.00 10.80 14.90 13.00 Fw (kN) 4.60 4.50 7.20 7.40 9.60 14.80 18.10 29.00 10.80 33.50 39.00 6.60 6.90 4.00 6.00 6.00 Pole Designation 22.5-207x30-475 Compound Section 22.5-162x37-400 22.5-256x37-525 Compound Section 22.5-203x46-535 22.5-210x60-520 Compound Section 22.5-254x73-590 22.5-260x89-575 Compound Section 22.5-315x118-700 Compound Section 22.5-307x46-470 22.5-320x137-700 Compound Section 22.5-327x158-700 Compound Section 24-256x37-525 Compound Section 24-203x46-535 25.5-207x30-475 Compound Section 25.5-256x37-525 Compound Section 26 - 203 x 46 - 400 Steel Section 200UBx10.5m 200UB30x12m 150UC37 250UB37/31 200UC46 200UC60/46 250UC73 250UC89/73 310UC97x12m 310UC118x10.5m 310UB46 310UC97x10.5m 310UC137x12m 310UC118x12m 310UC158x10.5m 250UB37/31 200UC46 200UB30/22 250UB37/31 200UC46 Overall Length 22.5m 22.5m 22.5m 22.5m 22.5m 22.5m 22.5m 22.5m 22.5m 22.5m 22.5m 24.0m 24.0m 25.5m 25.5m 25.5 Former U1 2 U2 U3 U3 U4 U4 U5 4 U5 U5 U2 U3 U1 U2 U1
Final Design Complete Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No Yes Yes
* = Ultimate Strength Values
TS-107
APPENDIX C: Network Directive-ND P1 - Standard Location of Poles

NETWORK MANAGEMENT GROUP RESPONSIBLE MANAGER: Stephen Jolly Issued: June 2009 Review By: April 2012 Issue: 1/99 Richard Twisk GM Demand & Network Management AUTHORISING OFFICER:
Page 32 of 38
STANDARD LOCATION FOR POLES

1. 2. PURPOSE
This Directive defines the position of SA Power Networks poles installed in streets.
SCOPE
2.1 2.2 This Directive is applicable to locating the position of SA Power Networks poles installed in streets. It is not applicable to public lighting columns. The Code for the Placement of Infrastructure Service in New and Existing Streets, a Public Utilities Advisory Committee (PUACC) publication. TS 107 - Technical Standard for Line Design. Nil Executive Manager Network is responsible for the application of this Directive Manager Performance and Risk is responsible for the content of this Directive The number of poles in any street will be kept to a minimum. Where SA Power Networks installs poles in a street they should be placed in accordance with the details outlined below. For new installations, poles will be located in accordance with the Code for the Placement of Infrastructure Service in New and Existing Streets. Position of Poles in Relation to Boundary Line Poles shall be placed : At a distance from the property boundary which has been negotiated with the appropriate Council. On an alignment parallel to the property boundary. For new installations, poles will be located in accordance with the Code for the Placement of Infrastructure Service in New and Existing Streets. Position of Poles in Relation to Fence Line Poles will be placed on the extension of the fence line dividing two properties when : There will be driveways on both properties which will be adjoining the dividing fence.
3.
REFERENCES
3.1 3.2
4. 5. 6.
DEFINITIONS
4.1 5.1 5.2 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4
RESPONSIBILITIES DIRECTIVE
6.5
TS-107
Date of Publication: 07 December 2012

Page 32 of 38
SA Power Networks
NETWORK DIRECTIVE - ND P1
Neither property will have a driveway adjoining the dividing fence. The position of the driveways on either property is not known. When there will be only one driveway adjoining the fence-line, poles will be located as near as practicable to 0.6m from the extension of the fence line dividing the two properties and on the side of the property in which there will not be a driveway adjoining the dividing fence. When a customer requests that a pole be located in a position other than those set out above, it will be placed in an agreed position in front of that customers property. Where appropriate, the customer must agree to a service line to an adjoining property crossing their property. Where no land subdivision has taken place, poles will be located in the most suitable positions from local and technical considerations. 6.6 Position of Transformer Poles In addition to the above, transformer poles are to be located to minimise the visual impact where practical. Also, the location must ensure that access to two sides of the pole is maintained to replace the transformer. 6.7 Position of Poles at Street Intersections The location of poles erected at street intersections will be determined by the above requirements and : Giving due consideration to traffic requirements Considering the needs of the property owner adjacent to the pole Consideration of public lighting requirements. 6.8 Position of Service Poles The location of service poles will be determined by the above requirements. They will be erected so that the strong direction of the pole will be at right angles to the route of the roadway. 6.9 New poles will be placed in a standard location where practical, only Manager Customer Supply can approve a non-standard pole location. 6.10 Where practicable poles that are located in non-standard positions should be replaced in a standard location as defined in this directive. Otherwise replace in a similar position.
TS-107

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APPENDIX D: Network Directive-ND J4-Construction of New Power Lines

NETWORK GROUP RESPONSIBLE MANAGER: Jehad Ali Issued: April 2012 Review By: February 2015 Doug Schmidt GM Network Management AUTHORISING OFFICER:
Page 34 of 38
CONSTRUCTION OF NEW POWER LINES

1. 2. 3. PURPOSE
To define the standard for construction of new electricity supply lines
SCOPE
To define the standard construction types for overhead and underground electricity supply lines.
REFERENCES
3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15 3.16 3.17 3.18 3.19 The Electricity Act 1996 and amended Regulations (ie Technical and Vegetation Clearance) Manual 10 The Development Act 1993 and amended Development Regulations. The South Australian Distribution Code. Electricity Supply Association of Australia (ESAA) HB C(b) 1 - Guidelines for Design and Maintenance of Distribution and Transmission Lines. TS107 - Line design standard for overhead distribution systems. TS085 - Trenching & Conduit Standard. TS087 - Construction standards for underground cable networks. TS100 - Electrical design standard for underground cable networks. TS 102 - Easements for the Distribution Network. ND F2 - Disconnection for Bushfire Risk Mitigation. ND X1 - Procurement of Easements. NGQP 315 - 33kV Line Connections/Alterations. NGQP 620 - Customer Response Procedure. Annex D. NGQP 663 - Sub transmission Lines. Distribution Handbook for CPOs. SA Power Networks-Drawings. NICC-252 Application to Cross Railways. Australian Rail Track Corporation (ARTC). TransAdelaide.
4.
DEFINITIONS
4.1 BFRA (Bushfire Risk Area) - as defined in the Regulations associated with the Electricity Act 1996 ie the part of the state shown in the maps in schedule 3 as the bushfire risk area excluding the areas shown in those maps as non-bushfire risk areas. HBFRA (High Bushfire Risk Area) - as defined by maps issued by SA Power Networks from time to time (subset of the BFRA). See BFRMM - Manual 8.
Authorised: Jehad Ali Date of Publication: 07 December 2012
Page 34 of 38
4.2
TS-107
SA Power Networks
NETWORK DIRECTIVE - ND J4
4.3 NBFRA (Non Bushfire Risk Area) - as defined in the Regulations associated with the Electricity Act 1996 ie the part of the state shown in the maps in schedule 3 as the nonbushfire risk area excluding the areas shown in those maps as bushfire risk areas. 4.4 Bare - Bare Conductor 4.5 CC - Covered Conductor 4.6 ABC - Aerial Bundled Cable 4.7 CCT - Covered Conductor Thick (equivalent to SA Power Networks- Insulated Unscreened Conductor) 4.8 LV (Low Voltage Mains) - electricity distribution mains of voltage less than 1000 Volts. 4.9 HV (High Voltage Mains) - electricity distribution mains of voltage greater than 1000 Volts and less than 33,000 Volts (nominal). 4.10 FDL 3 (Fire Danger Level 3) - FDL 3 conditions within a CFS Fire Ban District exist when: the Fire Danger Index, as calculated by the Bureau of Meteorology, is greater than 50; and a Total Fire Ban or Special Fire Ban has been declared by the Bureau of Meteorology; and the mean wind speed equal to or exceed 63 kph (ie gale force winds).
5. 6.
RESPONSIBILITIES
5.1 5.2 6.1 The General Manager Networks is responsible for the application of this Directive. The Manager Customer Supply is responsible for the content. All distribution lines erected for SA Power Networks must be designed and constructed in accordance with the Electricity Act, amended Regulations and the South Australian Distribution Code. SA Power Networks preferred construction method is Bare overhead for HV throughout South Australia. These lines will be designed and constructed in accordance with TS107. SA Power Networks preferred construction method is ABC overhead for LV throughout South Australia. These lines will be designed and constructed in accordance with TS107. Triangulated construction should be used for HV in the BFRA and HBFRA of the State. Other standard overhead construction methods that SA Power Networks employ will be CC, CCT & ABC for HV in the HBFRAs and BFRAs. It must be demonstrated that the benefits exceed the initial higher cost to use these construction methods. The benefits to be considered are Customer funding of additional cost and operation and maintenance costs (eg vegetation clearance). The construction method chosen must provide the lowest possible whole of life costs after considering, design, construction, vegetation clearance, operation and maintenance costs of the supply line. Future costs will be Net Present Valued using the current SA Power Networks practice. Underground HV and LV mains will be installed in Local Council designated underground mains areas. They will be designed and installed in accordance with TS085, TS087 and TS100. Electricity Supply lines that supply strategic loads (eg major communities, emergency services and essential services) in the HBFRA which require electricity during FDL 3 conditions and satisfy following criteria can be left energised: constructed to transmission voltage design standards eg bare 11kV constructed to 33kV separation and clearances; and/or fully covered electricity distribution systems o insulated underground services; o LV ABC with covered LV isolators;
Authorised: Jehad Ali Date of Publication: 07 December 2012
Page 35 of 38
DIRECTIVE
6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5
6.6
6.7
6.8
TS-107
neutral screen LV services or other insulated LV lines; 11kV CCT or ABC conductor with no exposed live parts (The CMEN conductor of a CCT system and the Current Limiting Arcing Horns will for this purpose not be considered a live part). For an electricity supply line to be constructed or reconstructed, to be left energised under FDL 3 conditions, requires the approval of General Manager Networks or nominee. 6.9 The construction of a new transmission line that will operate at 33kV or greater is subject to the provisions of the Development Act 1993 and the amended Development Regulations. The approval of this new transmission line may require the preparation of an environmental impact statement. Refer to Procedures NGQP 315 and NGQP 663. High Load Corridors (designated roads and highways to facilitate the movement of high loads through out the State) will have a minimum clearance between the carriageway and conductors of 9 metres. Major Loads will be supplied in accordance with Annex D of NGQP 620. All HV & LV constructions arrangements must be in accordance with SA Power Networks E-Drawings. Approval is required from the Network Standards Manager before any of the following are specified and erected on the same structure: same voltage HV arrangements are combined and a single E-Drawing, showing the combination, does not exist; or E-Drawings do not exist for the proposed arrangement(s). All lines over, on or under private property must be protected by a registered easement in accordance with TS 102 Easement Standard for the Distribution Networks. Clearance to Railway Lines. The preferred method of crossing railway lines is with the use of underground construction methods, however overhead construction is an option. In instance, consultation with and approval from the relevant Rail Authority is required. Refer to NICC-252 for the form Application to Cross Railways with Power Cables. o o
6.10
6.11 6.12 6.13
6.14 6.15
TS-107

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APPENDIX E: Conductor Measurement Sheet

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CONDUCTOR MEASUREMENT SHEET

Page ...... of...... Project Name SA Power Networks Reference
Location
FEATURES TO BE MEASURED Conductor tie-off tension
RESULT
REMARKS
Conductor Stringing tension
Conductor finished clearance from SA Power Networks designated point
Contractor's Company Name Contractor's Name Contractor's Signature Date
TS-107
Refer to a Separate Document for following TS-107- Appendix F & G

APPENDIX F: Atmospheric Corrosion Maps of South Australia APPENDIX G: DPTIs Maps of High Load Corridor
Please Note: Appendix F and Appendix G are not included in this document but can be found in a separate file on the SA Power Networks intranet.
TS-107

Page 38 of 38

Overhead Line Design Standard Transmission Distribution System

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Overhead Line Design Standard Transmission Distribution System

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TS-107 - Overhead Line Design Standard for Transmission & Distribution Systems

Technical Standard - TS-107

Published: 7 December 2012

SA Power Networks Disclaimer:

SA Power Networks Copyright 2012:

Authorised: Jehad Ali

Date of Publication: 07 December 2012 Page 2 of 38

POLE TOP CONSTRUCTIONS .......................................................................... 11

Authorised: Jehad Ali

Date of Publication: 07 December 2012 Page 3 of 38

11. ELECTRICAL REQUIREMENTS......................................................................... 13

12. OTHER CONSIDERATIONS ............................................................................. 14

Appendix A: Conductor Design Constants ............................................................ 15

Appendix B: Pole Design Data .............................................................................. 24

Authorised: Jehad Ali

Date of Publication: 07 December 2012 Page 4 of 38

APPENDIX E: Conductor Measurement Sheet ....................................................... 37

Authorised: Jehad Ali

Date of Publication: 07 December 2012 Page 5 of 38

Authorised: Jehad Ali

Date of Publication: 07 December 2012 Page 6 of 38

Authorised: Jehad Ali

Date of Publication: 07 December 2012 Page 7 of 38

K Factors shall be selected from the following table-2.

Authorised: Jehad Ali

Date of Publication: 07 December 2012 Page 8 of 38

Standard Location of Poles

Date of Publication: 07 December 2012 Page 9 of 38

Zone 1 (South East) Zone 2 (Central - Metro Areas) Zone 3 (Northern)

Zone 1 (South East) Zone 2 (Central - Metro Areas) Zone 3 (Northern)

Authorised: Jehad Ali

Date of Publication: 07 December 2012 Page 10 of 38

A reinforcing cage must be used for all transmission poles.

Measurements of As-Built Condition

POLE TOP CONSTRUCTIONS

Vibration dampers Warning markers

Authorised: Jehad Ali

Date of Publication: 07 December 2012 Page 11 of 38

Bushfire and Non-Bushfire Risk Areas

Corrosion Zones and High Pollution Zones

High Load Corridors

Authorised: Jehad Ali

Date of Publication: 07 December 2012 Page 12 of 38

Cap and pin Standard profile

Post (66kV only)

Authorised: Jehad Ali

Date of Publication: 07 December 2012 Page 13 of 38

The wave shape for switching impulses is 250/2500 microseconds.

Authorised: Jehad Ali

Date of Publication: 07 December 2012 Page 14 of 38

Appendix A: Conductor Design Constants

3 UTS kN 6.72 11.80 18.90 28.70 48.20 75.20

4 Resistance at 20C Ohms/km 0.6890 0.3700 0.2320 0.1570 0.0940 0.0572

5 Total Diameter mm 8.3 11.3 14.3 17.5 22.8 29.3

Authorised: Jehad Ali

Date of Publication: 07 December 2012 Page 15 of 38

10 Conductor Load N/m

W 0.391 0.719 1.052 1.970 3.298 5.253 8.114 14.346 16.535

C1 191.9 261.5 314.3 430.3 566.8 691.8 852.1 1136.8 1206.4

Authorised: Jehad Ali

Date of Publication: 07 December 2012 Page 16 of 38

kN 12.5 21.5 31.9 61.6 104.0 115.0 153.0

C1 370.0 504.4 617.5 778.0 1011.4 1105.3 1289.5

C2 63.4 117.9 182.1 267.3 451.8 583.5 794.2