GV Sig Manual - Tudose

gvSIGUserguide
gvSIG 1.0 User guide Version 1
2006ConselleriadeInfraestructurasyTransporteeIVERTecnologasdelaInformacinS.A
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IVEROFICINASCENTRALESEN VALENCIA C/Salamancan5052,46005 VALENCIA Telf:902252540Fax:963162716 EMaildac@iver.eswww.iver.es
ConselleriadeInfraestructurasy Transporte C/BlascoIbezN50,46010 VALENCIA
EMailgvsig@gva.es
Projectweb:http://www.gvsig.gva.es
All names of programs, operative systems, hardware and etc in this document are registeredtrademarksoftheirrespectivecompaniesandorganizations
2006ConselleradeInfraestructurasyTransporteeIVERTecnologasdelaInformacinS.A
EstemanualsedistribuyeconlalicenciaGNUGPL2.
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ndicedecontenido
1Introduction................................................................................................................11 1.1WhatisgvSIG?...................................................................................................11 1.2WhatcanwedowithgvSIG?.............................................................................11 1.2.1ThegvSIGinterface.....................................................................................12 2gvSIGProjectsanddocuments...............................................................................13 2.1Savingaproject.................................................................................................14 2.2Openinganexistingproject..............................................................................15 2.3Newproject.........................................................................................................16 2.4Preferencewindow.............................................................................................17 2.4.1General.........................................................................................................18 2.4.1.1Extensiondirectory.............................................................................19 2.4.1.2Language.............................................................................................20 2.4.1.3Extensions...........................................................................................20 2.4.1.4Appearance.........................................................................................22 2.4.1.5Folders.................................................................................................22 2.4.2Network........................................................................................................23 2.4.2.1Firewall/Proxy......................................................................................23 2.4.3View..............................................................................................................24 3CopyingandpastingdocumentsingvSIG.............................................................26 3.1Copying/PastingViews......................................................................................26 3.2Copying/PastingTables.....................................................................................28 3.3Copying/PastingMaps.......................................................................................29 3.4CuttingdocumentsingvSIG.........................................................................30 4Views..........................................................................................................................31 4.1Creatingaview...................................................................................................32 4.2PropertiesofaviewingvSIG............................................................................35 4.3Layerdatasource..............................................................................................37 4.4AddingalayertogvSIG.....................................................................................38 4.4.1Addingalayerfromadiskfile...................................................................39 4.4.1.1Selectinglayers...................................................................................40 4.4.2AddingalayerviaJDBC.............................................................................41 4.4.2.1Connectingtotheservice..................................................................41 4.4.2.2Selectinglayersandtables................................................................42 4.4.2.3Selectingfields...................................................................................43
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4.4.2.4Selectingthefieldwhichcontainsthegeometries........................44 4.4.2.5Selectingtheuniquefield..................................................................45 4.4.3AddingalayerusingtheWFSprotocol....................................................46 4.4.3.1Introduction.........................................................................................46 4.4.3.2Connectingtotheserver...................................................................47 4.4.3.3Accessingtheservice........................................................................48 4.4.3.4SelectingLayers.............................................................................48 4.4.3.5SelectingAttributes........................................................................49 4.4.3.6Optionstab......................................................................................50 4.4.3.7Addingthelayertotheview..............................................................51 4.4.3.8Modifyingthelayersproperties.......................................................51 4.4.4AddingalayerusingtheWMSprotocol..................................................52 4.4.4.1Introduction.........................................................................................52 4.4.4.2Connectingtotheservice..................................................................52 4.4.4.3Accessingtheservice........................................................................53 4.4.4.4SelectingLayers..............................................................................54 4.4.4.5SelectingStylesfortheWMSserverlayers..................................55 4.4.4.6SelectingvaluesforaWMSlayersDimensions.........................56 4.4.4.7Selectingtheformat,spatialsystemand/ortransparency............58 4.4.4.8Addingthelayertotheview..............................................................59 4.4.4.9Modifyingthelayer'sproperties........................................................60 4.4.5AddingalayerusingtheWCSprotocol...................................................60 4.4.5.1Introduction.........................................................................................60 4.4.5.2Accessingtheservice........................................................................61 4.4.5.3SelectingCoverages......................................................................62 4.4.5.4SelectingtheFormat.......................................................................63 4.4.5.5Addingthelayertotheview..............................................................64 4.4.5.6Modifyingthelayersproperties.......................................................65 4.4.6AddingalayerusingtheArcIMSprotocol................................................65 4.4.6.1IntroductiontoArcIMS.......................................................................65 4.4.6.2Connectingtoimageservices...........................................................66 4.4.6.3AddingalayerusingArcIMS.............................................................66 4.4.6.3.1Connectingtotheserver.............................................................66 4.4.6.3.2Accessingtheservice..................................................................69 4.4.6.3.3Selectinglayers............................................................................70 4.4.6.3.4Addingthelayertotheview........................................................72 4.4.6.4Pointstorememberaboutspatialreferencesystems....................73
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4.4.6.5Modifyingthelayer'sproperties........................................................74 4.4.6.6Informationaboutscalelimits..........................................................75 4.4.6.7Attributeinformationrequests.........................................................76 4.4.6.8Connectingtogeometryservices.....................................................77 4.4.6.9Addingageometrylayer....................................................................77 4.4.6.10ArcIMSsymbols................................................................................78 4.4.6.11Symbols.............................................................................................78 4.4.6.12Legends.............................................................................................79 4.4.6.13Workingwiththelayer......................................................................80 4.4.6.14AddingorthophotosusingtheECWPprotocol.............................81 4.5Tableofcontents(ToC).....................................................................................84 4.5.1Groupingandungroupinglayers..............................................................85 4.6AddinganEventlayer........................................................................................87 4.6.1Addinganeventlayerfromatable............................................................87 4.6.2Addinganeventlayerfromatableassociatedwithalayerintheview ...............................................................................................................................92 4.7Layerproperties.................................................................................................93 4.7.1Vectorlayer..................................................................................................93 4.7.1.1Changingcolours...............................................................................93 4.7.1.2Renaming.............................................................................................96 4.7.1.3Properties............................................................................................97 4.7.1.3.1Usingthespatialindex.................................................................98 4.7.1.3.2Scalerange....................................................................................98 4.7.1.3.3Properties......................................................................................99 4.7.1.3.4Hyperlink........................................................................................99 4.7.1.4Legendeditor.....................................................................................101 4.7.1.4.1Uniquesymbols...........................................................................103 4.7.1.4.2Uniquevalues..............................................................................103 4.7.1.4.3Intervals.......................................................................................104 4.7.1.4.4Labelling.....................................................................................105 4.7.2Rasterlayer................................................................................................107 Rasterproperties...........................................................................................107 4.8Navigatingaround/Exploringtheview.........................................................112 4.8.1Zoomsandpanning.................................................................................113 4.8.2Zoommanager..........................................................................................115 4.8.3Scalerangecontrol..................................................................................115 4.9Configuringthelocatormap............................................................................117
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4.10Changingtopalette........................................................................................119 4.10.1Requesttools...........................................................................................121 4.10.2Informationtool.......................................................................................121 4.10.3Measuringareas......................................................................................122 4.10.4Measuringdistances...............................................................................123 4.11Selectingelements.........................................................................................124 4.11.1Selectingbypoint....................................................................................125 4.11.2Selectingbyrectangle.............................................................................125 4.11.3Selectingbypolygon...............................................................................125 4.11.4Selectingbylayer....................................................................................126 4.11.5Selectingbyattributes............................................................................128 4.11.6Invertingtheselection.............................................................................130 4.11.7Clearingselection...................................................................................130 4.12Locatebyattribute..........................................................................................131 4.13Centringtheviewonapoint..........................................................................134 4.14CopyinglayersingvSIG.................................................................................135 4.15Deletinglayers................................................................................................137 4.16Exportinglayers.............................................................................................138 4.16.1Introduction..............................................................................................138 4.16.2Exportingashape...................................................................................138 4.16.3Exportingtodxf.......................................................................................140 4.16.4Exportingtopostgis...............................................................................140 4.16.5Exportingtogml......................................................................................142 4.17ExportingtoimageandWMC........................................................................143 4.17.1Exportingtoimage..................................................................................143 4.17.2WebMapContext.....................................................................................145 4.17.2.1Introduction......................................................................................145 4.17.2.2ExportingaviewtoWMC................................................................146 4.17.2.3ImportinganWMC...........................................................................149 4.17.3Annotationlayer.......................................................................................150 4.18Workingwithrasterimages...........................................................................154 4.18.1Savingasraster.......................................................................................154 4.18.2BrightnessandcontrastandEnhance..................................................161 4.18.3Zoomtorasterresolution.......................................................................164 4.18.4Transparencyperpixel...........................................................................165 4.18.5Selectingarasterlayer..........................................................................167 4.18.6Georeferencingwithbasemappingandcontrolpoints.....................169
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4.18.6.1Movingtheimagetobegeoreferencedcloser.............................172 4.18.6.2Selectingcontrolpoints.................................................................173 4.18.6.3Savingandaddingcontrolpoints.................................................178 4.18.6.4Options.............................................................................................179 4.18.6.5Processing.......................................................................................179 4.18.6.6Restrictions.....................................................................................180 4.19Catalogue.Searchingforgeodata................................................................180 4.19.1Connectingtoaserver............................................................................180 4.19.2Searching.................................................................................................181 4.19.3Viewingtheresults.................................................................................182 4.20Gazetteer.........................................................................................................184 4.20.1Connectingtoaserver...........................................................................184 4.20.2Searching.................................................................................................185 4.20.3Viewingtheresults................................................................................187 5Tables.......................................................................................................................188 5.1AddingaTable..................................................................................................189 5.1.1AddingatablefromtheProjectmanager...........................................189 5.1.2Addingatablefromaview.......................................................................193 5.2Tableproperties...............................................................................................194 5.3Tableassociatedtools.....................................................................................195 5.4AddingatablefromaCSVfile........................................................................196 AddingatablefromaJDBCdataorigin..............................................................198 6Editingtools.............................................................................................................199 6.1Introduction......................................................................................................199 6.2Graphicediting.................................................................................................200 6.2.1Introduction..............................................................................................200 6.2.2Thegraphicarea.......................................................................................200 6.2.3StartingandfinishinganeditingsessioningvSIG...............................202 6.2.4Procedurestoinputcommands..............................................................203 6.2.4.1Toolbar..............................................................................................203 6.2.4.2Menubar............................................................................................204 6.2.4.3Commandconsole...........................................................................204 6.2.5Editionproperties.....................................................................................205 6.2.5.1Snapping...........................................................................................206 6.2.5.2Configuringthegrid.........................................................................206 6.2.5.3Flatness.............................................................................................207 6.2.6Undo/Redo.................................................................................................208
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6.2.6.1Commandstack................................................................................208 6.2.7Coordinates...............................................................................................210 6.2.7.1Consolemode....................................................................................210 6.2.7.2Graphicmode....................................................................................211 6.2.8Editingcommands....................................................................................211 6.2.8.1Selecting............................................................................................212 6.2.8.1.1Simpleselection..........................................................................212 6.2.8.1.2Complexselection.....................................................................212 6.2.8.2Copying..............................................................................................217 6.2.8.3Symmetry..........................................................................................219 6.2.8.4Rotating.............................................................................................220 6.2.8.5Scaling...............................................................................................222 6.2.8.6MovingElements..............................................................................225 6.2.8.7Editingvertex....................................................................................227 6.2.8.8Internalpolygon................................................................................230 6.2.9Drawingcommands..................................................................................233 6.2.9.1Point...................................................................................................233 6.2.9.2Multipoint..........................................................................................235 6.2.9.3Line....................................................................................................237 6.2.9.4Arc......................................................................................................239 6.2.9.5Polyline..............................................................................................241 6.2.9.6Polygon.............................................................................................244 6.2.9.7Rectangle..........................................................................................246 6.2.9.8Square...............................................................................................248 6.2.9.9Circle..................................................................................................250 6.2.9.10Ellipse..............................................................................................253 6.3Alphanumericedition.....................................................................................256 6.3.1Editingsessionforaninternaltable...................................................257 6.3.2Editingsessionforanexternaltable...................................................258 6.3.3Editingalayerstableofattributes........................................................259 6.3.3.1Addingarecord................................................................................259 6.3.3.2Modifyingarecord...........................................................................260 6.3.3.3Removingarecord...........................................................................261 6.3.4Managingfields.........................................................................................263 7Geoprocessingtools...............................................................................................266 7.1Introduction.......................................................................................................266 7.2Accessingthegeoprocesses..........................................................................269
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7.3Buffer.................................................................................................................271 7.3.1Introduction...............................................................................................271 7.3.2Creatinganareaofinfluenceorbuffer...................................................271 7.4Clipping.............................................................................................................277 7.4.1Introduction...............................................................................................277 7.4.2Clipping.....................................................................................................278 7.5Dissolve.............................................................................................................280 7.5.1Introduction..............................................................................................280 7.5.2RunningtheDissolvegeoprocess.......................................................281 7.6Merge.................................................................................................................285 7.6.1Introduction...............................................................................................285 7.6.2RunningtheMergegeoprocess...........................................................286 7.7Convexhull.......................................................................................................290 7.7.1Introduction................................................................................................290 7.7.2Creatingaconvexhull..............................................................................291 7.8Intersection.......................................................................................................293 7.8.1Introduction..............................................................................................293 7.8.2RunningtheIntersectiongeoprocess.................................................294 7.9Difference..........................................................................................................295 7.9.1Introduction...............................................................................................295 7.9.2RunningtheDifferencegeoprocess....................................................296 7.10Union...............................................................................................................298 7.10.1Introduction..............................................................................................298 7.10.2Runningthe"Union"geoprocess..........................................................299 7.11SpatialJoin......................................................................................................301 7.11.1Introduction..............................................................................................301 7.11.2RunningaSpatialJoin.........................................................................302 8Maps.........................................................................................................................305 8.1Accessingmaps...............................................................................................305 8.2Mapproperties.................................................................................................306 8.3Preparingapage..............................................................................................308 8.4Insertingelementsinamap............................................................................309 8.4.1View............................................................................................................310 8.4.2Legend.......................................................................................................312 8.4.3Scale...........................................................................................................312 8.4.4Northsymbol.............................................................................................314 8.4.5Box.............................................................................................................315
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8.4.6Image..........................................................................................................315 8.4.7Texts...........................................................................................................316 8.4.8Graphics....................................................................................................318 8.4.8.1Editinggraphicelementsinamap..................................................319 8.5Undoing/Redoing...........................................................................................319 8.6Deletingaselection.........................................................................................320 8.7Toolsfornavigatinginamap..........................................................................320 8.8Toolsfornavigatinginaview.........................................................................321 8.9Operationswithgraphics................................................................................321 8.9.1Mapinsertedelementproperties............................................................322 8.9.2Aligning.....................................................................................................323 8.9.3Grouping/Ungrouping............................................................................324 8.9.4Simplifyingthelegend.............................................................................324 8.9.5Viewingorder............................................................................................325 8.9.6Graphicline...............................................................................................325 8.9.7Sizeandposition......................................................................................327 8.10Templates........................................................................................................328 8.10.1Savingtemplates.....................................................................................328 8.10.2Opentemplate.........................................................................................330 8.11ToolsforexportingtopostScriptandpdf....................................................331 Printing...................................................................................................................332 Annexes...........................................................................................................................334 9ArcIMSarchitecture................................................................................................335 9.1ArcXML..............................................................................................................335 9.2Services............................................................................................................335 9.3Summary..........................................................................................................336 10IconosycursoresdegvSIG.................................................................................343 10.1IconosqueaparecenenelToC.....................................................................343 10.2Cursores.........................................................................................................343 10.3Acciones.........................................................................................................344 LICENSE..........................................................................................................................350
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1 Introduction
ThegvSIGprojectcameintobeingasaresultofaninitiativecarriedoutbytheValencian Regional Government (Generalitat Valenciana), through its Regional Ministry for InfrastructureandTransport(thepublictenderComputerservicesforthedevelopmentof GIS applications for the Regional Ministry for Infrastructure and Transport using free software). TheJaumeIUniversityisinchargeofmonitoringtheprojectsothatitcomplieswithall internationalstandards(OpenGISConsortium). IVERTecnologasdelaInformacinS.A.wasawardedthetenderandisresponsiblefor theapplicationsdevelopment.
1.1 WhatisgvSIG?
gvSIG is a programme which manages geographic information. It has a userfriendly interface and fast access to most standard raster and vector formats. gvSIG can also integratelocalandremotedatainthesameviewthroughWMS,WFS,WCSandJDBC sources. Itisaimedatendusersofgeographicinformationinbusinessandpublicadministration (citycouncils,regionalcouncilsandregionalandnationalministries). ItisalsohighlysuitedtotheuniversityenvironmentthankstoitsR&D&Ielement. Itisafree,opencodeapplicationwithaGPLlicence.Fromtheoutset,specialemphasis hasbeengiventotheexpansionofthegvSIGprojectsothatdeveloperscanaddfunctions totheapplicationeasilyanddevelopcompletelynewapplicationsfromthelibrariesusedin gvSIG(aslongastheycomplywiththeGPLlicence).
1.2 WhatcanwedowithgvSIG?
gvSIGisasophisticatedGeographicInformationSystemformanagingspatialdataand performingcomplexanalysesonit. gvSIGcanbeusedforawiderangeoftasks,including:
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1.2.1 ThegvSIGinterface
The gvSIG interface has the necessary features required to communicate with the programme.Thegraphicalinterfaceisintuitiveanduserfriendlyandissuitableforany userwhoisfamiliarwithGeographicInformationSystems. The gvSIG interface ismade up of a main window with different toolsand secondary windowsforthedocumentscreatedusingtheprogramme,asdescribedinthefollowing sections. Beforedescribingthedifferentdocumentsandtools,wemusttakealookatthegvSIG interface.Themorefamiliaryoubecomewiththeinterfacetheeasieritwillbetogo throughthefollowingchapters.
1. Titlebar:LocatedatthetopofthegvSIGwindow.Itcontainstheprogramme
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name,i.e.gvSIGinthiscase.
2.Buttonstomaximizeorminimizetheprogrammesactivewindowortocompletely closeit. 3.Mainwindow:WorkareainwhichthedifferentProjectManagerwindowsand thedifferentgvSIGdocumentsarelocated. 4.Menubar:SomeofthegvSIGfunctionsaregroupedintomenusandsubmenus inthemenubar. 5. Toolbar:Thetoolbarcontainstheiconsforthestandardcommandsandisthe easiestwaytoaccessthem.Byclickinganddraggingthetoolbarswecanmove themtodifferentpositions.Itisnotnecessarytomemorizethemeaningofevery single icon. When you place the mouse pointer over them a message with a descriptionoftheirfunctionimmediatelyappears. 6. Statusbar:Thestatusbarprovidesinformationaboutcoordinates,distances, etc.
2 gvSIGProjectsanddocuments
IngvSIGalltheactivitiesarelocatedinoneproject.Thisprojectismadeupofdifferent documents.TherearethreetypesofdocumentsingvSIG:views,tablesandmaps.
Views:Viewsarethedocumentsinwhichweworkwithgraphicdata. Tables:Tablesarethedocumentsinwhichweworkwithalphanumericdata. Maps:Amapgeneratorwhichallowsthedifferentcartographicelementsincluded inamap(view,legend,scale)tobeinserted.
Projects are files with a .gvp extension. These files do not include spatial data and
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associatedattributesintheshapeoftables.Insteadtheysavereferencestotheplacesthe datasourcesarestored(thepathtobefollowedinthediskinordertofindthefiles).Ifthe datachangestheupdateswillbeshowninalltheprojectstheyareusedin. Themenuwhichallowsyoutoaccesstheprojectmanagementoptionsislocatedinthe Filemenu
Andinthefollowingtoolbarbuttons(Newproject,OpenprojectandSaveproject).
2.1 Savingaproject
1. ClickonFileinthemenubarandthenonSaveproject.Alternatively,pressthe Alt+Gkeycombination,ortheSavebuttoninthetoolbar.
2. Whenthefilemanagerwindowisopenedyoucannametheprojectandchoose wheretosaveit.
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3. Theprojectissavedinafilewitha.gvpextension.
2.2 Openinganexistingproject
1. Ifyouwishtoopenanexistingprojecttoseeormodifyit,gototheFilemenuand click on Open project. Alternatively, press the Alt+A key combination or the Openprojectbuttoninthetoolbar.
2. Whentheprojectmanagerwindowisopen,lookforthe.gvpfilewhichcontains theprojectyouwishtoopen.
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2.3 Newproject
1. ClickonFileinthemenubarandthenonNewproject.Alternatively,pressthe Alt+NkeycombinationortheNewbuttoninthetoolbar.
2. Ifyouarealreadyworkingonaproject,thefollowingmessagewillappearwhenthe buttonispressed.
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IfyoupressYes,awindowwillopensoyoucansaveyourcurrentgvSIGproject. Whenthepreviousprojecthasbeensavedanewblankprojectwillappearonthe screen.
2.4 Preferencewindow
ThepreferencewindowallowsyoutocustomisegvSIG. You can access the preference window by going to the "Window" menu then to "Preferences"
orbyclickingonthePreferencesbuttoninthetoolbar.
Whenyouhaveaccessedthetool,anewwindowappearsinwhichyoucanconfigureyour preferences.
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Selectthepropertyyouwishtoaccessfromthetreeontheleftandthepreferencesyou canconfigurewillappearinthespaceontheright.
2.4.1 General
ThistoolestablisheswhethergvSIGneedstoremembertheprojectwindowspositionand size.
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Ifyoupulldownthetree(clickon+),thepropertiesyoucanconfigureinGeneralwill appear.
2.4.1.1 Extensiondirectory
ThistooldefinesthedirectoryfortheextensionsthatgvSIGmustuse.
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2.4.1.2 Language
This allows you to select the language in which gvSIG must be shown. To select a language,clickonthepulldownmenuandselectthelanguagefromthoseavailable.
RememberthatgvSIGmustberestartedforthelanguagechangetotakeeffect.
2.4.1.3 Extensions
ThisallowsyoutoconfiguretheextensionsthatgvSIGuseswhilerunning.Pulldownthe extensiontreeandselecttherequiredextension.
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Adescriptionoftheselectedextensionisdisplayed.Youcanactivateordeactivatethe extensionandmodifyitsorderofpriorityinthelist.
N.B.:Ifyouactivateanextension,youwillhavetorestartgvSIGtouseit.
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2.4.1.4 Appearance
YoucanusethistooltomodifygvSIGsappearance.Pulldowntheboxwiththeavailable optionsandselecttherequiredoption.
N.B.:YouwillhavetorestartgvSIGforthischangetotakeeffect.
2.4.1.5 Folders
Youcanusethisoptiontocreateashortcuttothefoldersyourprojects(.gvp),data(raster andvector)ortemplates(.gvt)aresavedin.
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2.4.2 Network
gvSIGallowsyoutocheckthestatusofanetworkconnection.
2.4.2.1 Firewall/Proxy
If you use a proxy connection, you can configure your connection parameters so that
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gvSIGcanusethem.
2.4.3 View
Youcanconfigure thevaluesthatgvSIGwill usefor zoomingin or outofaviewand changingtheselectioncolourwhichbydefaultis"Yellow".
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Youcanusethiswindowtochangetheviewprojectionbyclickingonthe"Change"button. Adialogueboxappearsfromwhichyoucanchoosethereferencesystem.
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3 CopyingandpastingdocumentsingvSIG
Ifyoucopyandpasteadocument,youshouldrememberthatifthisdocumenthasany otherdocumentsassociatedwithitthesewillalsobecopied(example:ifamapiscopied theviewsitincludeswillalsobecopied). N.B.Youcanselectseveraldocumentstobecopiedatthesametime. N.B.RememberthatifyoupressNoorCancelinanyofthedialogueboxeswhich appearduringtheprocess,noneofthechangesyouhavemadeintheprocesswillbe saved.
3.1 Copying/PastingViews
SelecttheviewyouwishtocopyfromthegvSIGProjectmanager,rightclickandselect Copyfromthecontextualmenu.
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IfyouwishtocopytheviewtoanothergvSIGproject,selectPastefromthecontextual menu.Ifaprojectalreadyhasaviewwiththisnameamessagewillappeartoindicatethat youmustchangethenameoftheviewyouaretryingtopaste.
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N.B.ThemessageNotablewillbepastedmeansthatthetableswhichareactiveinthe sourceviewwillnotappearinthetargetviewunlesstheyareactivatedinthisview. Ifyouwishtocanceltheoperation,pressNo. IfyoupressYesanewdialogueboxwillappearsotheviewcanbegivenanewname.
WritethenewviewnameandpressOK.Thisviewwillbeaddedtotheproject. IfyoupressCanceltheprocesswillbeterminated.
3.2 Copying/PastingTables
The procedure for copying/pasting tables is similar to the procedure described above. However,inthiscasetableswiththesamenamecanexistinaproject.
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3.3 Copying/PastingMaps
Theprocedureforcopyingandpastingmapsissimilartotheprevioustwocases. SelectthemapyouwishtocopyfromtheProjectManager,rightclickandselectCopy fromthecontextualmenu. Ifyouwishtopastethemaptoaprojectwhichalreadyhasamapwiththesamename,the followingmessagewillappear.
IfyoupressNo,theoperationwillbecancelled. IfyoupressYes,anewdialogueboxwillappear.Writethenewnameforthemapinthe boxandpressOK.
IfyoupressCanceltheprocesswillbeterminated. Ifanyoftheviewsassociatedwiththemapalreadyexistinthecurrentprojectthefollowing messagewillappear.
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IfyoupressYes,anewmapdocumentwillbecreated. IfyoupressNotheoperationwillbecancelled. N.B.ThemessageTheconflictingviewswillnotbepastedindicatesthattheviewsthe mapsareassociatedwithwillnotbeadded.Instead,theviewswhichalreadyexistinthe currentprojectwiththesenameswillbeused(example:Youhavecopiedamapwithan AviewandaBview.Whenyoutrytopastethemapintotheproject,youfindthatanA viewalreadyexists.TheoperationwilladdtheBviewandwillleavetheAviewintactso thatthemapwillusethepreexistingAview).
3.4 CuttingdocumentsingvSIG
UsetheProjectmanagertoselectthedocumentyouwishtocut.Rightclickandselect theCutoptionfromthecontextualmenu.Thefollowingwindowwillappear.
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IfyoupressYestheselecteddocumentwillbecutfromyourproject.
4 Views
ViewsarethegvSIGdocumentsusedastheworkingareaofcartographicinformation. Aviewcancontaindifferentlayersofgeographicinformation(hydrography,transport infrastructures,administrativeregions,contourlines,etc.).
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Whenoneoftheviewsthatmakeupaprojectisopened,anewwindowappearsdivided intothefollowingparts: 1. Tableofcontents(ToC):TheToCislocatedonthelefthandsideofthewindow. The Table of Contents lists all the layers it contains and the symbols used to representtheelementswhichmakeupthelayer. 2. Display window: The display window is located on the righthand side of the screen.Theprojectscartographicdataareshowninthisdisplaywindow. 3. Locator:Thelocatorissituatedinthebottomlefthandcorner.Thelocatorallows thecurrentframetobesituatedintheworkareaasawhole. Whenaviewisopened,themainwindowincreasesthenumberofmenusandbuttons, thusaddingthetoolsrequiredtoworkwiththeelementswhichmakeuptheview. ThesizeoftheToCcanbeenlargedtoshowafulldescriptionofallthethemesbysimply draggingitsedgetotherightordownwards.
4.1 Creatingaview.
TocreateaViewingvSIGgototheProjectManagerwindow(Showmenu/Project window").
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1.IntheProjectmanagerwindow,selectViewsinthedocumenttype. 2.ThenclickontheNewbutton. 3.AdocumentinViewsiscreated(immediately)whichbydefaultiscalledUntitled0. 4. ThenameoftheViewcanbechangedbyselectingthedocumentfromthelistand clickingontheRenamebutton.AwindowappearsinwhichthenameoftheViewcan bechanged.
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5.ToaccesstheViewpropertieswindow,clickonthePropertiesbutton. 5.1. Itisimportanttoselectthecartographyunitsandthedistanceunitsforthe View.Theirdefaultvaluesareexpressedinmetres. 5.2.TheViewbackgroundcolourcanbeconfigured.Itiswhitebydefault.
5.3. From gvSIG version 0.3 onwards, the Views use different projections and referencesystems.Youmustselectthecoordinatesystem(datumandprojection)
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youaregoingtovisualisethecartographicinformationin. The Choose reference system menu, which is accessed by clicking on the Currentprojectionbutton,allowsyouto:
ChoosebetweenthemostcommonlyusedreferencesystemssuchasED50 andWGS84. Choosethedisplayprojection. Choosethetimezonethegeographicinformationislocatedin.
4.2 PropertiesofaviewingvSIG
Toaccessthepropertieswindowofaview,gototheViewmenuandselectProperties.
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Thepropertiesyouwishyourviewtohavecanbeconfiguredviathefollowingwindow.
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IfyouclickontheCurrentprojectionbutton,anewwindowwillappearinwhichtheviews datum,projectionandtimezonecanbeselected.
Ifyouclickonthepulldownmenus,thedifferentoptionsavailableforeachelementinthe referencesystemareshown.Ifyoumakeanychanges,clickonApplyandthenOk. Whenyouhaveconfiguredtheviewsproperties,clickonOk.
4.3 Layerdatasource
Differenttypesofcartographicinformationcanbeaddedtoaview.Vectorandrasterfiles canbeloaded.Eachofthesegroupscancontainawiderangeofformats. GISdata:ThestandardGISformatistheshape,whichstoresbothspatialdataandtheir attributes.Ashape(alsocalledShapefile)isactuallythreeormorefileswiththesame nameanddifferentextensions(eventhoughingvSIGitishandledasonefile):

dbf:Tableofattributes. shp:Spatialdata. shx:Spatialdataindex.
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Fromversion0.5onwards,gvSIGalsohasthecapacitytoaccesstheMySQLSpatialand PostGISspatialdatabasesviaanewdriverwhichusesJDBC. CADdata:Thesearevectordrawingfileswhichsupportthedxfanddgnformats.The CADfilesmaycontaininformationonpoints,lines,polygonsandtexts.Fromversion0.4 onwards,gvSIGalsoallowsaccesstotheinformationcontainedinAutodesks2000dwg files. WMSdata (WebMappingService):gvSIGcanbeusedtoconsultWMSdata,i.e.data availableontheweb. WFS data (Web Feature Service): From version 0.5 onwards, gvSIG can be used to download WFS vector layers from servers that comply with the Open Geospatial Consortium(OGC)Standard. WCSdata (WebCoverageService):Fromversion0.4onwards,gvSIGallowsaccessto remoteinformationbasedontheOGCsWCSprotocol. GML (Geography Markup Language): From version 1.0 onwards, gvSIG allows GML documentstobedisplayedandexported.GeographyMarkupLanguage(GML)isanXML format to transport and store geographic information whose design is based on specificationsproducedbytheOGCgroup. Images:gvSIGcandisplaydifferentrasterimages(tiff,jpg,ecw,mrsid,etc.).Fromversion 0.4onwards,gvSIGcansaveimageswhichhavebeenmodifiedintheseformats. From version 0.5 onwards,colour palette (GIFs,8bit PNGs, etc.) raster files can be openedandrasterfileswithoutgeoreferencingcanalsobeopened.Moreover,thisnew versionsupportsGIF,BMPyJPEG2000formats.
4.4 AddingalayertogvSIG
Firstly,openaViewdocumentingvSIG. Youcanaccessthisoptionbygoingtothe"View"menuandthento"Addlayer"orbyusing theControl+Okeycombination
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orbyclickingonthe"Addlayer"buttoninthetoolbar.
Awindowappearsinwhichyoucanselectandconfigurethelayer'sdatasourcebyits type:
4.4.1 Addingalayerfromadiskfile
Clickonthe"Addbutton.
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4.4.1.1 Selectinglayers
The"Adddialoguewindowallowsyoutomovearoundthefilesystemtoselectthelayerto beloaded.Rememberthatonlythefilesofthetypeselectedwillbeshown.Toindicatethe typeoffiletobeloaded,selectafilefromthe"Filesoftype"pulldownmenu.
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Ifseverallayersareloadedatthesametime,theorderinwhichthethemeswillbeadded totheviewcanbespecifiedwiththe"Up"and"Down"buttonsintheAddlayer"dialogue.
4.4.2 AddingalayerviaJDBC 4.4.2.1 Connectingtotheservice

Goto the"Addlayer"window and thento theJDBCtab.Enterthe following data:an arbitrary name for the connection, the host name (or your IP address), the port the connectionuses,yourusername,yourpassword,thedatabasenameandthedriveryou aregoingtousetoconnect(currentlyPostgis,MySQLandHSQLDB).
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4.4.2.2 Selectinglayersandtables
ClickontheNextbutton.Thetablesandlayersavailableinthecatalogueselectedare displayed.Aspecificpartofalayercanalsobeselected.
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4.4.2.3 Selectingfields
Click ontheNextbutton.Thefieldsavailablefor the tableselectedare shown.One, severalorallthefieldscanbeselected.
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4.4.2.4 Selectingthefieldwhichcontainsthegeometries
Click on the Next button. A menu appears in which the field which contains the geometriescanbeselected.
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4.4.2.5 Selectingtheuniquefield
ClickontheNextbutton.Amenuappearsinwhichthefieldwhichcontainstheunique identifiercanbeselected.
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ClickonOk.ThedatabaselayerisshownasanotherlayerintheToC.
4.4.3 AddingalayerusingtheWFSprotocol 4.4.3.1 Introduction

The Web Feature Service (WFS) is one of the OGC standards (http://www.opengeospatial.org)whichisincludedinthelistofstandards(ofthistype)that gvSIGsupports. WFSisacommunicationprotocolviawhichgvSIGretrievesavectorlayerinGMLformat fromasupportingserver.gvSIGretrievesthegeometriesandattributesassociatedtoeach "Featureandinterpretsthecontentsofthefile.
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4.4.3.2 Connectingtotheserver
GototheAddlayerandthenselecttheWFStab.
1.ThepulldownmenushowsalistofWFSservers(youcanaddadifferentserver ifyoudontfindtheoneyouwant). 2.ClickonConnect.gvSIGconnectstotheserver. 3. and 4. When the connection is made, a welcome message from the server appears,ifthishas been configured. Ifno welcome message appears,you can checkwhetheryouhavesuccessfullyconnectedtotheserveriftheNextbuttonis enabled. 5. The WFS version number that the server you have connected to is using is shownatthebottomofthebox.
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N.B.YoucanselecttheRefreshcacheoptionwhichwillsearchforinformationfromthe serverinthelocalhost.Thiswillonlyworkifthesameserverwasusedonaprevious occasion.
4.4.3.3 Accessingtheservice
ClickonNexttostartconfiguringthenewWFSlayer. When you have accessed the service, a new group of tabs appears. The first tab (Information)showsalltheinformationabouttheserverandabouttherequestthatisto besent.Thisinformationisupdatedasmorelayersareselected.
4.4.3.4 SelectingLayers
TheLayerstabcanbeusedtoselectthelayeryouwishtoload.Atwocolumntable appearsinwhichthelayernameandthegeometrytypeareshown.Asthegeometrytype isobtainedbyclickingonthelayer(itneedstobeobtainedfromtheserver),thiscolumnis
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completelyblankatthestart. TheShowlayernamesoptionshowsthenameofthelayerasitisrecognisedbythe serverandnotbyitsdescription,whichiswhatappearsinthetablebydefault.
4.4.3.5 SelectingAttributes
TheAttributestaballowsthefields(orattributes)oftheselectedlayertobeselected. Whenthelayerisloaded,onlythefieldsthathavebeenselectedareretrieved. Twotablesappearinthewindow.Thetableontheleftcontainsthenameandtypeofthe layerfieldswhichcanbeselected.Thetableontherightshowsalistoftheselectedfields. Usethebuttonswhichappearbetweenthetwotablestoselectthedesiredfields.
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4.4.3.6 Optionstab
The"Optionstabshowsinformationaboutuserauthenticationandtheconnection.The UserandPasswordfieldsareusedintheWFSTtobeabletoidentifyauserinthe serversothatwritingoperationscanbecarriedout(notyetimplemented). Theconnectionparametersare: Numberoffeaturesinthebuffer,i.e.themaximumnumberofelementsthatcanbe downloaded. Timeout.Thisisthelengthoftimebeyondwhichtheconnectionisrejectedasitis consideredtobeincorrect.Iftheseparametersareverylow,acorrectrequestmay notobtainaresponse. TheSpatialReferenceSystem(SRS)isanotherimportantparameter.Althoughthiscannot currentlybechanged,itishopedthatthiswillbepossibleinthefuture.Inanycase,gvSIG reprojectstheloadedlayertothespatialsystemintheview.
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4.4.3.7 Addingthelayertotheview
Whenalltheparametershavebeenconfigured,clickonOk.Thelayerwillbeloadedinto agvSIGview.
4.4.3.8 Modifyingthelayersproperties
Byrightclickingonthelayer,itscontextualmenuappears.IftheWFSPropertiesoption isselected,anoptiondisplayopens(similartotheAddlayerdisplay).Thiscanbeusedto selectnewattributesandotherlayersandchangethelayersproperties.
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4.4.4 AddingalayerusingtheWMSprotocol 4.4.4.1 Introduction

PartofthegvSIGphilosophyinitscreationincludedtheimplementationofopenstandards foraccesstospatialdata.Thus,gvSIGincludesaWMSclientwhichcomplieswiththe currentOGC(OpenGeospatialConsortium,http://www.opengeospatial.org)standard.
4.4.4.2 Connectingtotheservice
Gotothe"Addlayer"windowandthenselecttheWMStab.
1.ThepulldownmenushowsalistofWMSservers(youcanaddadifferentserver ifyoudontfindtheoneyouwant).
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2.ClickonConnect. 3. and 4. When the connection is made, a welcome message from the server appears,ifthishas been configured. Ifno welcome message appears,you can checkwhetheryouhavesuccessfullyconnectedtotheserveriftheNextbuttonis enabled. 5.TheWMSversionnumberthattheconnectionhasbeenmadetoisshownatthe bottomofthebox.
ClickonNexttostartconfiguringthenewWMSlayer. Whenyouhaveaccessedtheservice,anewgroupoftabsappears. ThefirsttabintheaddingaWMSlayerwizardistheinformationtab.Itsummarisesthe currentconfigurationoftheWMSrequest(serviceinformation,formats,spatialsystems, layerswhichmakeuptherequest,etc.).Thistabisupdatedasthepropertiesofitsrequest arechanged,addedordeleted.
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4.4.4.4 SelectingLayers
ThewizardsLayerstabshowstheWMSserverstableofcontents.
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SelectthelayersyouwishtoaddtoyourgvSIGviewandclickonAdd.Ifyouwish,you canchooseanameforthelayerintheLayernamefield. N.B.SeverallayerscanbeselectedatthesametimebyholdingdowntheControlkey andleftclickingonthemouse. N.B.Toobtainalayerdescriptionmovethecursoroveralayerandwaitafewseconds. Theinformationtheserverhasabouttheselayersisshown.
4.4.4.5 SelectingStylesfortheWMSserverlayers
TheStylestaballowsyoutochooseadisplayviewfortheselectedlayers.However,this isanoptionalpropertyandthetabmaybedisabledbecausetheserverdoesnotdefine stylesfortheselectedlayers.
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4.4.4.6 SelectingvaluesforaWMSlayersDimensions
The Dimensions tab helps to configure the value for the WMS layer dimensions. However, the dimensions property (like the styles property) is optional and may be disablediftheserverdoesnotspecifydimensionsfortheselectedlayers.
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Nodimensionisconfiguredbydefault.Toaddadimension,selectonefromtheSettings editorareainthelistofdimensions.Thecontrolsinthebottomrighthandcornerofthe tabareenabled.Usetheslidercontroltomovethroughthelistofvaluestheserverhas definedfortheselecteddimension(forexampleTIMEreferstothedatesthedifferent imagesweretaken).Youcanmovebacktothebeginning,onestepback,onestepforward ormovetotheendofthelistusingthenavigationbuttonswhicharelocatedbelowthe slidercontrol.Ifyouknowthepositionofthevalueyourequire,youcansimplywriteitin thetextfieldanditwillmoveautomaticallytothisvalue. ClickonAddsothatyoucanwritetheselectedvalueinthetextfieldandrequestitfrom theserver. gvSIGallowsyoutochoosebetween:

Singlevalue:Onlyonevalueisselected Multiplevalue:Thevalueswillbeaddedtothelistintheordertheyareselectedin
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Interval:Aninitialvalueandthenanendvalueareselected
Whentheexpressionforyourdimensioniscomplete,clickonSetandtheexpressionwill appearintheinformationpanel. N.B. Although each layer can define its own dimensions, only one choice of value is permitted (single, multiple or interval) for each variable (e.g. for the TIME variable a differentimagedatevaluecannotbechosenineachlayer). N.B.Theservermaycomeintoconflictwiththelayercombinationandthevariablevalue youhavechosen.Someofthelayersyouhavechosenmaynotsupportyourselected value.Ifthisoccurs,aservererrormessagewillappear. N.B.Youcanpersonalisetheexpressioninthetextfield.Thedialogueboxcontrolsare onlydesignedtomakeiteasiertoeditdimensionexpressions.Ifyouwishyoucaneditthe textfieldatanytime.
4.4.4.7 Selectingtheformat,spatialsystemand/ortransparency
TheFormatstaballowsyoutochoosetheimageformattherequestwillbemadewith, specifyifyouwishtheservertohandintheimagewithatransparency(tosuperimposethe layerontootherlayersthegvSIGviewalreadycontains)andalsothespatialreference system(SRS)yourequire.
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Assoonastheconfigurationissufficienttoplacetherequest,theOkbuttonisenabled.If youclickonthisbutton,thenewWMSlayerwillbeaddedtothegvSIGview.
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4.4.4.9 Modifyingthelayer'sproperties
Oncethelayerhasbeenaddeditspropertiescanbemodified.Todoso,gototheTableof contentsinyourgvSIGviewandrightclickontheWMSlayeryouwishtomodify.The contextualmenuoflayeroperationsappears.SelectWMSProperties. TheConfigWMSlayerdialoguewindowappears.Thisissimilartothewizardforcreating theWMSlayerandcanbeusedtomodifyitsconfigurations.
4.4.5 AddingalayerusingtheWCSprotocol 4.4.5.1 Introduction

TheWCS(WebCoverageService)isanotheroftheOGCstandardssupportedbygvSIG. TheWCSisacoverageserver.ItisdifferentfromWMSasthisstandarddefinesamapas arepresentationofgeographicinformationintheshapeofadigitalimagefilewhichcanbe shownonacomputerscreen.ThemapdoesnotincludeitsowndatabutWCS,however, doesprovideitsowndata,whichcansubsequentlybeanalysed.WCSthereforeallows rasterdatatobeanalysedjustasWFSallowsvectordatatobeanalysed.
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1.ThepulldownmenushowsalistofWCSservers(youcanaddadifferentserver ifyoudontfindtheoneyouwant). 2.ClickonConnect.gvSIGconnectstotheserver. 3. and 4. When the connection is made, a welcome message from the server appears,ifthishas been configured. Ifno welcome message appears,you can checkwhetheryouhavesuccessfullyconnectedtotheserveriftheNextbuttonis enabled.
ClickonNexttostartconfiguringthenewWCSlayer. Whenyouhaveaccessedtheservice,anewgroupoftabsappears.
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ThefirsttabintheaddingaWCSlayerwizardistheinformationtab.Itsummarisesthe currentconfigurationoftheWCSrequest(serviceinformation,formats,spatialsystems, layerswhichmakeuptherequest,etc.).Thistabisupdatedasthepropertiesofitsrequest arechanged,addedordeleted.
4.4.5.3 SelectingCoverages
SelectthecoverageyouwishtoaddtoyourgvSIGview.Ifyouwish,youcanchoosea nameforyourlayerintheCoveragenamefield.
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4.4.5.4 SelectingtheFormat
TheFormattaballowsyoutochoosetheimageformattherequestwillbemadewithand alsothespatialreferencesystem(SRS)yourequire.
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N.B.TabssuchasTimeandParametersaredisabledinthiscase.Configuringthese variablesdependsontheserverchosenandthetypeofdataithasaccessto.
Assoonastheconfigurationissufficienttoplacetherequest,theOkbuttonisenabled.If youclickonthisbutton,thenewWCSlayerwillbeaddedtothegvSIGview.
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4.4.5.6 Modifyingthelayersproperties
Oncethelayerhasbeenaddeditspropertiescanbemodified.Todoso,gototheTableof contentsinyourgvSIGviewandrightclickontheWCSlayeryouwishtomodify.The contextualmenuoflayeroperationsappears.SelectWCSProperties. TheConfigWCSlayerdialoguewindowappears.Thisissimilartothewizardforcreating theWMSlayerandcanbeusedtomodifyyourconfigurations.
4.4.6 AddingalayerusingtheArcIMSprotocol 4.4.6.1 IntroductiontoArcIMS

Intheproprietarysoftwareenvironment,ArcIMS(developedbyEnvironmentalSciences ResearchSystems,ESRI)isprobablythemostwidespread/popularwidelyused(Internet) cartographicserverontheInternetthankstothenumberofclientsitsupports(HTML, Java, ActiveX controls, ColdFusion...) and to its integration with other ESRI products. ArcIMSiscurrentlyoneofthemostimportantremotecartographicinformationproviders. Although the protocol it uses does not comply with the Open Geospatial Consortium
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(becauseitwascreatedlongbeforehand),thegvSIGteambelievesthatofferingsupport forArcIMSisimportant.
4.4.6.2 Connectingtoimageservices
TheextensioncanaccessimageservicesofferedbyanArcIMSserver.Thismeansthat, justlikeaWMSserver,gvSIGcanrequestaseriesoflayersfromaremoteserverand receive a view rendered by the server containing the requested layers in a specific coordinatesystem(reprojectingifnecessary)andinspecificdimensions.Inadditionto displayinggeographicinformation,theextensionallowsyoutorequestinformationabout thelayersforaparticularpointviathegvSIGstandardinformationbutton. ArcIMSisslightlydifferentinitsphilosophyfromWMS.InWMS,therequestisnormally madebyindependentlayerswhilstinArcIMStherequestisglobal. ThestepsrequiredtorequestalayerfromanArcIMSserverandtorequestinformationfor aparticularpointarelistedbelow.
4.4.6.3 AddingalayerusingArcIMS
OurexampleusestheESRIArcIMSserver.ItsURLishttp://www.geographynetwork.com. ThisistheaddressawebbrowserrequirestoaccesstheHTMLvisualdisplayunit. Beforeloadingalayerfromthisserver,thedatumWGS84ingeodesiccoordinates(code 4326)hastobesetuppreviouslyastheviewsspatialsystem.
4.4.6.3.1 Connectingtotheserver
Iftheextensionisloadedcorrectly,anewArcIMSdatasourcewillappearintheAddlayer dialoguebox(fig.1).
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Figure1:Addinganewlayertotheview Iftheserverhasastandardconfiguration,simplyindicateitsaddress.gvSIGwilltrytofind theservletsfulladdress.1Iftheservlethasadifferentpath,youwillhavetowriteitintothe dialoguebox. When the connection has successfully been made, the server version, its compilation numberandalistofimageandgeometryservicesavailableareshown. 1Inourcase,thefulladdressis http://www.geographynetwork.com/servlet/com.esri.esrimap.Esrimap
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Theservicecanbeselectedfromthelistorcanbewrittenindirectly. Finally,iftheOverrideservicelistcheckboxisenabled,gvSIGwilldeleteanycatalogue thathasalreadybeendownloadedandwillrequestthemagainfromtheserver.
Figure2:Listofservicesavailable
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4.4.6.3.2 Accessingtheservice
ThenextstepistoselecttheImageServertypeservicerequiredbydoubleclickingor selectingitandclickingon"Next".Thedialogueboxchangesandaninterfacewithtwo tabsappears(fig.3).Thefirsttabshowsthemetainformationgivenbytheserveraboutthe servicesgeographiclimits,theacronymofthelanguageithasbeenwrittenin,unitsof measurement,etc.Itisagoodideatofindoutifacoordinatesystemhasbeendefinedin theservice(usingEPSGcodes)asthiscandirectlyinfluencetherequestsmadetothe server,asFigure3shows. N.B.Ifnocoordinatesystemhasbeendefinedintheservice,theextensionwillassume thatitisthesamecoordinatesystemastheonewehavedefinedfortheview.
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Figure3:MetadatafromtheArcIMSserver Wecancontinuebyclickingon"Next"orreturntothepreviousdialoguebyclickingon "Changeservice.
4.4.6.3.3 Selectinglayers
Thelastdialogueboxisthelayerselection.WecandefineanameforthegvSIGlayeror leavethedefaultvalue(theservicename)inthiswindow.Aboxappearsbelowwithalist oftheservicelayersintreeform.Whenthemouseismovedoverthelayers,information
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abouttheselayersappears:extension,scaleranges,typeoflayer(rasterorvectorimage) andifitisvisiblebydefaultintheservice(fig.4).
Figure4:Metadatafromaservicelayer WecanvieweachlayersIDviatheShowlayerIDcheckbox.Thischeckboxisuseful whentherearelayerswhosedescriptorisrepeated.Therefore,theonlywaytodistinguish betweenthemisviaanID,whichwillalwaysbeunique.Acomboboxisalsoavailableto
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selecttheimageformatwewishtousetodownloadtheimages.WecanchooseJPG formatifourserviceworkswithrasterimagesoroneoftheotherremainingformatsifwe wanttheservicetohaveatransparentbackground. N.B.Thetransparencyin24bitPNGimagesisnotcorrectlydisplayedingvSIG0.6.This typeoffileswillbesupportedingvSIG1.0. Theboxwiththelayersselectedfortheserviceappearsbelow.Ifyouwish,youcanadd justsomeoftheservicelayersandalsoreorganisethem.Thismakestheserviceview totallypersonalised. N.B.Theconfigurationcannotbeaccepteduntilalayerhasbeenadded. N.B.MultipleselectionsofservicelayerscanbemadebyusingtheControland CAPS keys.
4.4.6.3.4 Addingthelayertotheview
WhentheOkbuttoninthedialogueboxispressed,anewlayerappearsintheview(fig. 5).Ifnolayerhasbeenaddedpreviously,theextensionoftheArcIMSlayerisshown,as perthestandardgvSIGprocedure.
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Figure5:ArcIMSlayeraddedtothegvSIGview. Itmustberememberedthatwhenthelayerextensionisshown,thelayersthatmakeup the chosen configuration may not appear and a blank or transparent image appears instead.Ifthisoccurs,usethescalecontroldialoguebox(V.Informationaboutscalelimits section).
4.4.6.4 Pointstorememberaboutspatialreferencesystems
AnArcIMSserverdoesnotdefinethespatialreferencesystemsitsupportsasopposedto theWMSspecification.ThismeansthataprioriwedonothavealistofEPSGcodesthat themapservercanreproject.Inshort,ArcIMScanreprojecttoanycoordinatesystemand leavestheresponsibilityofhowtheprojectionsareusedtotheclient. Therefore, if our gvSIG view isdefined in ED50 UTM zone 30 (EPSG:23030) and we request a global coverage service (stored for example in the geographic coordinates WGS84,whichcorrespondtocode4326)theserverwillnotbeabletoreprojectthedata correctlybecauseweareusingglobalcoverageforaprojectionofaspecificareaofthe Earth.
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However,theprocedurecanbecarriedoutinreverse.Ifwehaveaviewingeographic coordinates(andthusglobalcoverage),servicesdefinedinanycoordinatesystemcanbe requestedbecausetheserverwillbeabletotransformthecoordinatescorrectly. Inshort,requeststotheArcIMSservermustbemadeintheview'scoordinatesystemand theycannotberequestedinanothercoordinatedsystem. Moreover,aswementionedabove,ifanArcIMSserverdoesnotofferinformationabout thecoordinatesystemitsdataisin,theuserwillberesponsibleforsettingupthecorrect coordinatesysteminthegvSIGview.Thus,ifauserwithaviewinUTMaddsalayerwhich isingeographiccoordinates(eventhoughtheserverdoesnotshowit),theservicewillbe added correctly but will take the view to the geographic coordinates domain (in sexagesimaldegrees). Anadditionaleffectisthatiftheviewusesdifferentunitsofmeasurementfromtheserver, thescalewillnotbeshowncorrectly.
4.4.6.5 Modifyingthelayer'sproperties
Thelayersrequestedfromtheservercanbemodifiedviaadialoguebox,whichcanbe accessedfromthelayerscontextualmenu(fig.6)justliketheWMSlayers.Thisdialogue boxissimilartotheboxusedtoloadthelayer,apartfromthefactthattheservicecannot bechanged.
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Figure6:PropertiesoftheArcIMSlayer
4.4.6.6 Informationaboutscalelimits
Theextensionallowsustoconsultthelayers'scalelimitswhichmakeuptherequested serviceviaadialogueboxwhichcanbemaintainedintheviewduringthesession(fig.7). Thiswindowshowsthelayersontheverticalaxisandthedifferentscaledenominatorson thehorizontalaxisviaalogarithmicscale.Thisboxissmallonscreenbutcanbeenlarged toimprovethedifferencebetweenthescales. The vector layers, raster layers and the layers that can be seen on the current scale (markedwithaverticalline)inadarkercolourandthelayerswecannotseeaboveor below the current scale are differentiated by different coloured bars (described in the windowlegend).
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Figure7:Scalelimitsstatus
4.4.6.7 Attributeinformationrequests
AttributeinformationrequestsabouttheelementsforaparticularpointisoneofgvSIGs standardtools.Itsfunctionalityisalsosupportedbytheextension. TheWMSspecificationallowsinformationaboutseverallayerstoberequestedfromthe server in one single query. This is different in ArcIMS. We need to make one server requestperlayerrequired. Thismeansthatnorequestsforunloadedlayersorunseenlayersthatarenotvisibleon thecurrentscaleorlayerswhoseextensionisoutsidetheviewwillbemade.Evenifall these layers are filtered, the information requestusually takeslonger than isdesirable becauseofthisintrinsicfeatureofArcIMS. When all the request responses have been recovered, the standard gvSIG attribute informationdialogueappearswitheachofthelayers(LAYER)whichreturninformationas atree.Ifweclickonalayer,itsnameandIDappearontheright(fig.8). Under this node, if we are talking about a vector layer, all the records or geometric elements the server has responded to appear, and give each one their corresponding attributes(FIELDS).
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Ifitisarasterlayer,suchasanorthoimageoradigitalterrainmodel,itreturnsthevalues foreachofthebands(BAND)intherequestedpixelcolour,insteadofrecords.
Figure8:Displayingattributeinformation
4.4.6.8 Connectingtogeometryservices
The extension allows access to both ArcIMS image services and geometry services (FeatureServices).Thismeansthataservercanbeconnectedtoandgeometricentities (points,linesandpolygons)andtheirattributesobtained.ThisisnotdissimilartoWFS serviceaccess. However,thevarietyofexistinggeometryservicesismuchlowerthanthevarietyinthe imageserver.Therearetwomainreasonsforthis.Ononehand,providingthepublicwith vectorcartographyimpliessecurityproblemsbecausemanybodiesonlywanttoofferthe generalpublicviewsandimages.Thevectordatabecomeseitheraninternalproductor mustbepaidfor.Ontheotherhand,thistypeofservicesgeneratemuchmoretrafficon thenetworkandinthecaseofbasicinformationserverscouldbecomeaproblem.
4.4.6.9 Addingageometrylayer
Loadingageometrylayerispracticallythesameprocedureasloadingtheimageserveras mentionedabove(Accessingtheservicesectionandthefollowingsections).Inthiscase, thenumberoflayerstobeselectedmustbetakenintoaccount.Ifwewishtodownloadall thelayersofferedbytheservicetheresponsetimewillbeveryhigh.
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Theonlydifferencebetweenloadinganimagelayeristhatinthiscasewecanchoose whetherwewishthelayerstobedownloadedasagroupviaacheckbox.Thisisusefulfor processingthevectorlayersasonelayerwhenitneedstobemovedandactivatedinthe tableofcontents. Unliketheimageservice,inwhichalltheserviceslayersappearasoneuniquelayerinthe gvSIGview,inthiscaseeachlayerisdownloadedseparatelyandappearsintheview groupedunderthenamedefinedintheconnectiondialogue.
4.4.6.10 ArcIMSsymbols
Cartography symbols are configured in the server in one AXL extension file for both geometryandimageservices.Wecandividesymboldefinitionintotwoparts.Onone hand,wecantalkaboutthedefinitionofthesymbolsthemselves,i.e.howageometric element,suchasalineorpolygon,shouldbepresented.Ontheotherhand,wecantalk aboutthedistributionofthesesymbolsaccordingtothecartographicdisplayscaleortoa specificthemeattribute. InArcIMSterminologysymbolsaredifferentfromlegends(SYMBOLSandRENDERERS).
4.4.6.11 Symbols
Therearevarioustypesofsymbols:rasterfillsymbols,gradientfillsymbols,simpleline symbol,etc.TheextensionadaptsthemajorityofthesymbolsgeneratedbyArcIMS.Table 1showstheArcIMSsymbolsandindicateswhethertheyaresupportedbygvSIG. Label CHARTSYMBOL GRADIENTFILLSYMBOL RASTERFILLSYMBOL RASTERSHIELDSYMBOL SIMPLELINESYMBOL description Piechartsymbol Fillinwithgradient Fillwithrasterpattern CustomisedpointsymbolforUSroads Simpleline
Supported
CALLOUTMARKERSYMBOL Balloontypelabel
NO NO NO YES YES NO YES
RASTERMARKERSYMBOL Pointsymbolusingpictogram
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SIMPLEMARKERSYMBOL SHIELDSYMBOL TEXTMARKERSYMBOL TEXTSYMBOL
Point PointsymbolforUSroads Statictextsymbol Labellingsymbol
YES YES NO NO YES NO
SIMPLEPOLYGONSYMBOL Polygon
TRUETYPEMARKERSYMBO SymbolusingTrueTypefontcharacter L
Table1:ArcXMLsymboldefinitionlabels
Ingeneral,themostcommonsymbolshavebeensuccessfullytransferred.Someofthe symbolscannotbeobtaineddirectlyfromgvSIG(atleastinthecurrentversion),suchas therasterfillsymbolortheyneedtobeadjustedsuchasthedifferenttypesoflines.This meansthatarasterfillsymbolisnotasymbolthatcanbedefinedbythegvSIGuser interface,butitcanbedefinedbyprogramming.
4.4.6.12 Legends
gvSIGsupportsthemostcommontypesoflegends:uniquevalueandrangeandvalue themesaswellasthescalerangecontroloverthewholelayer.ArcIMSgoesmuchfurther initsconfiguration.Itcangeneratemuchmorecomplicatedlegendsinwhichsymbolscan begroupedtogether,scalerangecontrolscanbeestablishedforlabelsandsymbolsand differentlabellingbasedonanattributecanbeshown(asthoughitwereavaluethemefor labelling). Thisgroupoflegendscangenerateverycomplexsymbolsforalayerintheend.The current implementation statusofthe gvSIG symbols needsto be simplified to reach a compromisetorecoverthesymbolsthatbestrepresentthelayerasawhole. Label GROUPRENDERER SIMPLELABELRENDERER SIMPLERENDERER VALUEMAPRENDERER VALUEMAPLABELRENDERER Description Legendwhichgroupsotherstogether Labellinglayerlegend Uniquevaluelayerlegend Valueandrangethemes Labellingthemes
SCALEDEPENDENTRENDERER Scaledependentlegend
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Table2:ArcXMLlegenddefinitionlabels
WhenaGROUPRENDERERisfound,thesymbolArcIMSdrawsfirstisalwayschosen. Thus,inthecaseofthetypicalmotorwaysymbolforwhichathickredlineisdrawnanda thinner yellow line is drawn over it, gvSIG will only show the red line with its specific thickness. Ifascaledependentlegendisdiscoveredduringasymbolanalysis,thisisalwayschosen. Ifmorethanoneisdiscovered,theonewiththegreatestdetailischosen.Forexample,in ArcIMSwecanhavealayerwithsimpleroadsymbols(onlymainroadsaredrawn)ona 1:250000scaleandbasedonthisadifferentthemeisshownwithalltypesofroads(paths, tracks,roads,etc.).Inthiscase,gvSIGwillshowthislastthemeasitisthemostdetailed. Ifalabellinglegendisdiscoveredduringasymbolanalysis,itwillbesavedinadifferent place and will be assigned to the selected definitive legend. In the case of the VALUEMAPLABELRENDERERlabel,onlythelegendofthefirstprocessedvaluewillbe obtainedasalabelsymbol.Therestwillberejected. Inshort,itisobviousthatthefailuretoadaptthelegendsforgvSIGisasimplification process in which different legend and symbol definitions must be rejected to obtain a legendwhichissimilartotheoriginalasfaraspossible.ItistobeexpectedthatthegvSIG symboldefinitionwillimproveconsiderablysothatitcansupportalargergroupofcasesin thefuture.
4.4.6.13 Workingwiththelayer
Workingwiththelayerissimilartoanyothervectorlayer,aslongaswerememberthat accesstimesmayberelativelyhigh.Thelayerattributetablecanbeconsulted,inwhich casetherecordswillbedownloadedsuccessivelyaswedisplaythem. Ifwewishtochangethetablesymbolstoshowauniquevalueorrangethemewemust waitasgvSIGrequeststhecompletetablefortheseoperations.Ontheotherhand,the downloadingofattributesisonlycarriedoutonceperlayerandsessionandtherefore,this waitonlyoccursinthefirstoperation. Ingeneral,ifourArcIMSserverisinanIntranet,itwillberelativelyfasttohandle,butifwe wishtoaccessremoteserviceswemaybefacedwithconsiderableresponsetimes. ThemainfeaturetobearinmindwhenworkingwithanArcIMSvectorlayeristhatthe
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geometriesavailableatanygiventimeareonlytheonesdisplayed.Thisisbecausewe canconnecttohugelayersbutonlythevisiblegeometriesaredownloaded.Asfaras gvSIGisconcerned,thegeometriesshownonthescreenaretheonlyonesavailableand thus,ifweexporttheviewtoashapefileforexample,areonlyapartofthelayer. Finally,weneedtorememberthattospeedupthegeometrydownloadstheyaresimplified to the viewing scale in use at any given time. This drastically reduces the amount of informationdownloadedasonlythegeometriesthatcanactuallybe"drawn"aredisplayed intheview. Loadingageometrylayerispracticallythesameprocedureasloadingtheimageserveras mentionedabove(Accessingtheservicesectionandthefollowingsections).Inthiscase, thenumberoflayerstobeselectedmustbetakenintoaccount.Ifwewishtodownloadall thelayersofferedbytheservicetheresponsetimewillbeveryhigh. Unliketheimageservice,inwhichalltheserviceslayersappearasoneuniquelayerinthe gvSIG view, in thiscase each layer is downloaded separately and appear in the view groupedunderthenamedefinedintheconnectiondialogue. Afterafewsecondsthelayersappearindividuallybutaregroupedunderalayerwiththe namewehavedefinedforit. Thelayersymbolsareestablishedatrandom.Apendingfeatureistorecovertheservice symbols and configure them by default so that gvSIG can display the cartography as similarlyaspossibletohowitwasestablishedbytheserviceadministrator.
4.4.6.14 AddingorthophotosusingtheECWPprotocol
IfyouwishtoaddanorthophototogvSIGusingtheECWPprotocol,firstopenaviewand clickontheAddlayerbutton.
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ClickontheAddbuttoninthedialoguebox.Afilebrowserwindowappears. ChoosethegvSIGImageDriveroptionfromtheFilesoftypepulldownmenu.
WritetheURLofthefileyouwishtoloadasfollowsinFilename: ecwp://serveraddress/pathofthefileyouwishtoadd. Forexample: ecwp://raster.alava.net/datos/ecw/Ortofoto_5000.ecw ecwp://earthetc.com/images/geodetic/world/MOD09A1.interpol.cyl.retouched.topo.bathyme try.ecw Whenyouhaveinputthedata,clickonOpen. Theorthophotowillbeaddedtothelayerlist.
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SelectthenewaddedlayerandclickonOk. Theimagewillbeaddedtotheview.
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4.5 Tableofcontents(ToC)
TheTableofContentsistheareausedtolistthedifferentlayerswhichmakeupthe cartographicinformation. Acheckboxnexttoeachlayerindicateswhetheritis"visibleornot. Remember that an active layer is not the same as a "visible" layer. When a layer is active it is highlighted compared to the other layers included in the Table of contents.Whenalayerisactivated,gvSIGisnotifiedthattheelementsofthislayercanbe workedwith.
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TheorderofappearanceofthelayersintheViewisimportantbecauseittiesinwiththe displayorder.Layersmadeupoftextelements,pointsandlinesareplacedatthetop whilstthepolygonallayersandimageswhichmakeupthebackgroundofthevieware placedatthebottom. TomovethelayersintheToC,placethecursoroverthem,leftclickonthemouseand dragthelayertotherequiredposition. ThelayersintheToCcanalsobeselectedbyusingtheControlandCAPSkeys.
4.5.1 Groupingandungroupinglayers
Fromversion0.4onwards,gvSIGallowsseverallayerstobegroupedtogether.Thisis usefulbecauseitmeansalargenumberoflayerscanbekeptintheToCwithouttakingup alotofspace. Thisoptionalsoallowsoperationstobecarriedoutonallthelayersthatmakeupagroup atthesametime. Togroupasetoflayerstogether,selectthelayers,clickandholddowntheCAPSkeyand rightclickonthemouseonanyofthelayersandselecttheGrouplayersoption.
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Thefollowingdialoguewindowappearsandanameforthenewgroupingcanbeinput.
Whenthenameofthenewgroupinghasbeeninput,itappearsintheToCasshown below.
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To undo a grouping, right click on the grouping so that the contextual menu appears. Selectthe"Ungrouplayers"option.
4.6 AddinganEventlayer
AnewlayercanbecreatedfromatableingvSIGbyusingAddeventlayer. Therearetwowaystodothis:youcanaddatabletotheprojectoryoucanworkwitha tableassociatedwithoneofthelayersintheviewinwhichyouareworkingataparticular time.
4.6.1 Addinganeventlayerfromatable
Firstly,thetableneedstobeloaded.Todoso,gotothegvSIGProjectmanagerand select"Tables"indocumenttypes.Thenclickon"New".
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Asearchdialogueopenstoaddthetableyourequire.Clickon"Add".
Adialogueboxappearsinwhichyoucanchoosetwotypesofdatasources:dbfandcsv.
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Whenyouhavefoundthetableyourequire,selectitandclickonOpen. gvSIGautomaticallyreturnstothe"Newtable"windowandaddsthetableyourequireto createtheeventlayerinthetextbox.
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ClickonOktofinishtheprocess.
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Whenthetablehasbeenadded,aviewmustbeactivetocreateitscorrespondingevent layerandloadit.Ifnoviewisactive,youcanreturntotheProjectmanagerandaddone orcreateanewblankone.Whenyouhaveactivatedthisview,gototheAddeventlayer byusingthecorrespondingbuttoninthetoolbar:
Awindowwiththreepulldownmenubarsappears. Wecanselectthetableweneedtoaddthenewlayerfromthefirstpulldownmenubar. Then,wecanselectthetablefieldswhichwillbecometheXandYvalues.
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IfyouclickonOk,anewpointslayerwillappearbasedonthecoordinatescontainedin theinitialtable.
4.6.2 Addinganeventlayerfromatableassociatedwithalayerinthe view

Ifyouwishtoworkwithatableassociatedtothelayersintheview,youwillfirstlyhaveto activatetheattributetableofthislayer.Todoso,clickonthefollowingbuttoninthetool bar:
IfyouclickonAddeventlayer
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youwillseethatthetablehasbeenadded.
4.7 Layerproperties
Youcanaccesstheactivelayer'spropertiesfromitscontextualmenu(rightclickonthe layer).
4.7.1 Vectorlayer 4.7.1.1 Changingcolours

Go to the layers contextual menu and click on the Change colour option. A window opensinwhichyoucanselectthecolouryouwishtoviewthelayerwith.
Therearethreewaystoselectthecolourdependingonthewindowtabyouselect. Swatches
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SelectingthecolourfromtheSwatchestabisrelativelyeasy.Placethemousepointer overthedesiredcolouronthepaletteandleftclick. Thecoloursyouhaveusedrecentlyappearinthe"Recentpalette. HSB Acolourcanbedefinedbyitshue,brightnessandsaturationvalues.Anycolourcanbe identifiedbyvaluesofthesethreevariables.Blackisobtainedwhenthereisanabsenceof light.Greyisobtainedwhenthesaturationislow(highlightinterferenceormixture).White isthebrightestcolourofthegreys(maximumfrequencyofdifferentlengthwaves). ThiscolourrepresentationmodeliscalledHSB(Hue,Saturation,Brightness). gvSIGhasacolourselectionwindowbasedontheHSBandRGBsystemwhichallows colourtobeselectedviaHSBattributesandalsoobtainRGBvaluestoreproducethemon thescreen. ThefollowingtableshowstheHuevariationswhicharerepresentedonthehorizontalaxis of the square. The Saturation variations are represented on the vertical axis and the Brightnessvariationsareshownonthesidebar.
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Youcanchoosethevalueofthepropertyyouwishtoleaveunchangedinthetopright handcorner.Clickonthesquarethecoloursarelocatedinwiththemousepointerand moveittomodifythevaluesoftheothertwoproperties. Ifyouwish,youcanalsowritetherequiredvaluesdirectlyinthetextboxforeachproperty. Ifyouprefertofinetunethecolourdefinitiongradually,usetheupanddownbuttonsinthe textboxes. RGB RGBcolourusesanadditivemodel,inwhichtheprimarycolours(red,greenandblue)are combinedtomakeothercolours.
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Inthiscase,eachprimarycolouriscodedwitha byte, sothateachvalueisina natural numbers [0,255]interval.Thus,theRGBcombinationforblackisR=0,G=0,B=0and R=255,G=255,B=255forwhite.
4.7.1.2 Renaming
Ifyouwishtorenametheselectedlayer,rightclickonthelayerandgotothe"Rename" option. Anewwindowappears:
WritethenewnameinthetextfieldandclickonOk.
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N.B.:Whenyoudo this,the layer name changes in theToC,butthefile name isnot changed.
4.7.1.3 Properties
RightclickontheselectedlayerintheToCtoaccessthepropertieswindow.
WhenyouclickonthePropertiesoption,anewdialogueboxopens.Thiscanbeusedto editsomeproperties.
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ThelayernamecanbechangedbywritingthenewnameinthetextfieldintheGeneral tab.
4.7.1.3.1 Usingthespatialindex
IfyoumarktheUsespatialindexcheckbox,aspatialindexwillbecreatedwhichmakes thelayerloadedintheviewappearmorequickly.Thisisbecausetheviewisloadedusing thisindex. Iftherearewritepermissions,a.qixfileiscreatedwiththesamenameasthelayeritis associatedwithinthelayersoriginaldirectory.Iftherearenowritepermissions,thefilewill becreatedintheuserstemporaryfiledirectory.
4.7.1.3.2 Scalerange
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Aviewingscalerange(maximumandminimum)canbesetinthepropertieswindow.
4.7.1.3.3 Properties
Thefileextensionandpathareshownintheactualpropertiessection.
4.7.1.3.4 Hyperlink
Alinkcanbesetupbetweenatext,htmlorimagefileandalayerelementintheproperties window. Toprovideabetterideaofhowthetoolworks,letuslookatthefollowingexample.The aimistolinktheimagetorreelectrica.jpgtoaspecificelement:

ActivatetheviewintheToC. Changethelayerintoeditingmode(LayermenuthenStartedition). Openthetableofattributesandedittherecordyouwishtocreatethelinkto.Write thepathofthefileyouwishtolinkwithoutitsextension.PressEntertosavethe modificationmadeinthetable.
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GototheHyperlinktableinthelayerpropertieswindowandselectthefieldthe recordislocatedinwhichwillbeusedtocreatethehyperlink.Writetheextensionof thefileyouwishtolinkandwhetheritisanimagefile(gif,jpg,png)oratextfile(at presentgvSIGcanonlylinkplaintextfiles(txt,rtf...).Htmlfilescanalsobelinked.In thiscase,writehtmlintheExtensiontextboxandselectLinktotextfiles.
Whenalltherequirementshavebeenselected,clickonApplyandthenonOk.
Thengotheviewtoolbarandclickonthehyperlinkbutton.
Selecttheviewelementthatcorrespondstotherecordwhichhastheassociated linkandplacethecursoroverit.Clickontheelement.Awindowappearswiththe linkedfile.
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4.7.1.4 Legendeditor
Thistoolcanbeusedtocarryoutthememappingrelativelyeasily. Tosymboliseorrepresenttheelementdataorvariablesinalayer,youcanchoosethe mostsuitablecolour,pattern,etc.foreachone. GotothePropertiesmenu(rightclickonthelayer)toeditthelegendsymbolproperties.
Anewwindowappears.ClickontheSymbolstab.
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Usethistabtodefinethelegendtypeyouwishtousetorepresentthelayerdatamore specifically. Youcanchoosebetweenthefollowing:
Unique symbols: This is gvSIGs default legend type and represents all the elementsofalayerusingthesamesymbol.Itisusefulifyouneedtoshowthe locationofalayeroverandaboveanyofitsotherattributes. Uniquevalues:Eachrecordcanberepresentedbyauniquesymbolaccordingto thevalueithasinaparticularfieldinthetableofattributes.Itisthemosteffective methodtoshowcategoricaldata,suchastowns,typesofland,etc. Intervals: This type of legend represents the layer elements using a range of colours.Theintervalsorgraduatedcoloursaremainlyusedtorepresentnumerical datawhichincreaseprogressivelyorhavearangeofvalues,suchaspopulation, temperature,etc. Labelling:Textsorlabelscanbeautomaticallyaddedtotheviewaccordingtothe valueseachelementhasinaparticularfieldinitstableofattributes.
Theoptionsshowninthesymbolsmenuvaryaccordingtothetypeoflayer(point,lineor polygonlayer). The options available for a polygon layer, which has the most configuration tools, are
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shownbelow. Alegendcanbesavedorloaded(recovered)atanytime.
4.7.1.4.1 Uniquesymbols
Thefollowingsymbolconfigurationoptionsareavailable:

Fill:Allowsthefillcolourtobeselected. Filltype:Allowsthefillpatterntobeselected. Line:Allowsthelinecolourtobeselected. Linestyle:Allowsthestyleofthelinetobeselected. Synchronisinglineandfillcolours. Linewidth:Allowsthewidthofthelinetobedefined. Transparency:Givestheelementsadegreeoftransparencysothatpolygonlayers canbesuperimposedandyetstillviewed.
4.7.1.4.2 Uniquevalues
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Thefollowingsymbolconfigurationoptionsareavailable: 1. Classificationfield:Apulldownmenuappearsinwhichyoucanselectthelayers tableofattributesfieldwhichcontainsthedatatobesorted. 2. Addall/Add:OnceyouhaveselectedtheClassificationfield,clickontheAddall button to see all the different values. These values have all been assigned a differentsymbol(colour).Clickonthesesymbolstomodifythem.Bydefault,the label(thenamewhichappearsinthelegend)issimilartothevalueithasinthe field.YoucanincludenewvaluestothelistbypressingtheAddbutton. 3. Remove all/Remove: This allows all (Remove all) or some (Remove) of the elementsinthelegendtoberemoved. 4. Labels:LeftclickonanyoftheLabelcellstomodifythenametheywillhavein thelegend.
4.7.1.4.3 Intervals
Classificationfield:Apulldownmenuappearsinwhichyoucanselectthelayers
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tableofattributesfield,whichcontainsthedatatobesorted.Thefieldmustbe numericalbecausethisisagradualclassification(byrangesofvalues).
NumberofIntervals:Thismustindicatethenumberofrangesorintervalsthat defineitsclassification. StartcolourandEndcolour:Selectthecolourstobegraduated.Thestartcolour isforthelowestvaluesandtheendcolourisforthehighestvalues. Computingintervals:Whenyouhavedefinedthepreviousoptions,clickonthe Computeintervalsbuttontoseethelegendsendresult.Thesymbolsandthe labels which appear by default can be modified by clicking on them, as in the previouscases. Add:Newrangescanbeaddedtothecomputedintervals. Remove all / Remove: This allows all (Remove all) or some (Remove) of the elementsinthelegendtoberemoved. Typeofintervals:FromgvSIGversion0.4onwards,youcanspecifytheinterval typeyouwishtodividetheinformationintoinordertorepresentit.Youcanchoose betweenthefollowingoptions:
Equal intervals: The number of intervals are specified and the sample is dividedintothisnumberofequalintervals. Natural intervals: The number of intervals is specified and the sample is divided into this number of intervals according to the Jenk method of optimisingthenaturalbreaksfortheintervals. Quantileintervals:Thenumberofintervalsisspecifiedandthesampleis divided into this number of intervals but the values are grouped together accordingtotheirordernumber.
4.7.1.4.4 Labelling
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Enablelabelling:Activatethecheckboxtomakethelabellingvisibleintheview. Labellingfield:Thisisapulldownmenuwhichallowsyoutochoosethelayers tableofattributesfield,whichcontainsthevaluestobeshownaslabels. Text height field: This allows you to choose the layers table of attributes field whichcontainsthevaluestobeusedforthelabelheight. Textrotationfield: Thisallowsyoutochoosethetableofattributesfieldwhich indicatesthelabelrotationangle. Textcolour:Allowsthetextcolourtobeselected. Font:Allowsthetypeoffonttobeselected. Constanttextheight:Selecttheunits(metresorpixels)andthetextsize.Ifyou selectpixels,theapparenttextsizewillremainconstant,evenifyouchangethe viewing scale; if you select metres, the text height on the display will vary accordingtothescaleyouareworkinginbutwillremainconstantingeographic units.
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4.7.2 Rasterlayer Rasterproperties

Rightclickonarasterlayerandselectthe"Rasterproperties"option.Thisopensamenu inwhichwecancarryoutvariousoperationsontherasterlayer.
Thismenuisdividedintofivetabs:
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Information:Providesgeneralinformationabouttherasterlayer,thefilepath,the number of bands, the pixel dimensions, the file format, the data type and the geographiccoordinatesofthecorners. Bands:Providestoolstochangethemodeinwhicheachimagebandisviewed. Transparency: Provides tools to change the transparency levels that can be appliedtoarasterlayer. Enhance:Providesatooltoenhancetherasterlayer. Pansharpening: Provides a tool to increase the satellite image resolution if the panchromaticbandfortheseimagesisavailable.
IntheBandstabyoucanmakecompositionsusingthedifferentbandsinarasterimage. Youcanalsoaddmorebandsfromotherfiles.ThisisusefulwhenworkingwithLandsat typeimages,inwhicheachbandisdeliveredinadifferentfile.
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InadditiontotheTransparencyoptioningvSIgversion0.3,whichisnowcalledopacity, andwhichindicatesthe"occlusionpercentageofthislayeroverthepreviousones,there is now a transparency option which allows the indicated colour groups (RGB) to be completely transparent. This is very useful to eliminate visual artefacts as a result of missingdatainorthophotosorsatelliteimagesandtoremovebordersinanimagemosaic. Toaccesstheoptions,clickonthecorrespondingActivatecheckboxes.
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The Enhance tab can be used to modify the image brightness, contrast and enhancement.Thislastoptionisessentialtobeabletoview16bitsperbandimages correctly.
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ThePansharpeningtabcanbeusedtoincreasetheresolutionofsatelliteimagesifthe panchromaticbandfortheseimagesisavailable. N.B.:Iftheimagebandsareindifferentfiles,theymustbeaddedtothelayerusingthe Bandstab. UsetheBandstabtofindthebestbandcombinationfortheview.Inthissection,youcan loadtheimagewhichcorrespondstothepanchromaticbandbutyoumustnotselectitto bevisualised.
When the bands have been loaded, you can carry out the pansharpening. Go to the PansharpeningtabandactivateitbyclickingontheActivatePansharpeningcheckbox. Selectthepanchromaticbandwithwhichthepansharpeningistobecarriedoutfromthe band list. Finally, select an algorithm to be applied. There are two methods available, BroveyandHSL.Bothofthemhaveaslidebarcontroltocarryoutadjustments.

InBroveythegeneralbrightnessoftheresultingimageisincreasedordecreased. In HSL the coefficient which is added to the brightness taken from the pansharpeningbandvariesbeforeitisreplacedintheoutputimage.Thiscoefficient canvarybetween0.15and0.5.Whenmodified,theobtainedresultalsoinfluences
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theoutputimagesgeneralbrightness. Ifyouclickonthe"Apply"orOk"buttons,thepansharpeningwillbeappliedontheimage intheview,thusincreasingtheimageresolution.
4.8 Navigatingaround/Exploringtheview
Thereare several tools you can useto navigate around themap.Thesearebasically zoomsandpanning.
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4.8.1 Zoomsandpanning
Youcanactivatethesetoolsbyclickingonthe"ViewmenuandthenonNavigation".
orbyusingthebuttonbarwhichisquicker. Zoomin:Enlargesaparticularareaoftheview.
Zoomout:Reducesaparticularareaoftheview.
Previouszoom:Goesbacktothepreviouszoomused.
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Fullextent:Fullzoomofthetotalareaincludedinallthelayersoftheview.
Panning:Thisallowsyoutochangetheviewzoombydraggingtheviewingfieldallover theviewwiththemouse.Clickandholddowntheleftbuttonofthemousethenmovethe mouseinthedirectionyourequire.
Zoomtoselection:Fullzoomofthetotalareaofalltheselectedelements.
Zoomtolayer:Tozoomtothelayer,rightclickontheselectedlayerintheToC,orclickon theZoomtolayeroptioninthecontextualmenu.
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4.8.2 Zoommanager
YoucanaccesstheZoommanagerfromthetoolbarbyclickingonthefollowingbutton:
orfromtheViewmenu,thenNavigationandZoommanager. ByclickingontheZoommanageryoucansaveazoomsothatyoucangobacktoitata laterstage. This tool can be used to name the current zoom of the view with the text bar which appearsinthewindow. Click on Save and the zoom currentlyin the view will automaticallybe added to the Zoommanagertextbox. Youcan createandsave asmany zooms as you wish.Usethe "Selectand Delete buttonstomanageyourworkingareas.
4.8.3 Scalerangecontrol
IfyouselectalayerintheToCandopenitscontextualmenu(rightclickonthelayer)you willaccessthelayerspropertiesbyclickingontheProperties"option.
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Go to the General tab and select the Scale range section. There are two options available.

Showalways:Thelayerisalwaysshownirrespectiveofthescale. Dontshowthelayer:Limitsthescaleatwhichthelayercanbedisplayed.
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4.9 Configuringthelocatormap
Thelocatorisageneralmapwhichisdisplayedinthebottomlefthandcorneroftheview's window.Itisusedtoshowtheworkingarea(mainwindowzoom). ClickonViewinthemenubarandselectConfigurelocatormap.
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Awindowappearsinwhichwecanaddlayers(wecanaddthesametypesoflayersasin theview)whichwillmakeuppartofthelocatormap.Thiswindowcanalsobeusedto removelayersoreditthelayerslegends.
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Someofthelocatormappropertiesinclude:

Ifyouleftclickonitanddragit,thezoomandtheviewwillchange. Ifyourightclickonthelocatormapanddragit,theviewwillchange.
4.10 Changingtopalette
Youcanusethisoptiontoconvertthelocatorviewintoanindependentwindow. ToaccessthisoptiongototheWindowmenuandthentoChangetopalette.
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Ifyouselecttheoption,thelocatorappearsinanindependentwindow.
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IfyouwantthelocatortoreturntoitsoriginalpositionintheToC,gototheWindowmenu andthentoRestorepalette.
4.10.1 Requesttools 4.10.2 Informationtool

Youcanaccesstheinformationtoolviathefollowingbuttoninthetoolbar
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orbygoingtotheViewmenubar,toQueryandthentoInformation. TheInformationToolisusedtoobtaininformationaboutthemapelements. When you click on an element using this tool, gvSIG shows the selected elements attributesinadialoguewindow.However,thelayeroftheelementyouwishtoidentifymust previouslybeactivated.
4.10.3 Measuringareas
Youcanaccessthistoolviathefollowingbutton
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orbygoingtotheViewmenuandthentoQueryandMeasurearea. ThistoolworksinmuchthesamewayasMeasuredistances.Clickonthepointthat representsthefirstpolygonvertexthatdefinestheareatobemeasured.Movethemouse andclickoneachnewvertexuntilyoureachthelastone,thendoubleclicksothatthe applicationknowstherearenomore. Thecalculationforthemeasuredareaappearsatthebottomrightoftheviewwindow.
4.10.4 Measuringdistances
Thistoolprovidesinformationaboutthedistancebetweentwopoints. You can also access the tool by going to the View menu, to Query and then to Measuredistances. Firstly,makesureyouhavecorrectlydefinedtheunitsofmeasurement(metresbydefault). RememberthattheunitscanbedefinedintheProjectmanagerintheviewpropertiesor fromtheViewmenuandthePropertieswhenworkinginaview. Youcanusethemeasuredistancetoolbyclickingonthemouseatthesourcepointand draggingittothedestinationpoint.Youcan takeasmanymeasurementsasyoulike. Doubleclickonthelastonetofinish. Thecalculationforthemeasureddistanceappearsatthebottomoftheviewwindow.Both thedistanceofthelastmeasuredsegmentandthetotaldistanceareshown.
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4.11 Selectingelements
Youcanselectoneorseveralelementsoritemsbymakingeitheragraphicrequestoran alphanumericrequest. Theselecteddataareshownintheviewinthecolouryouhaveconfigured(bydefaultthis isyellow).
Youcanaccessthedifferentwaysofselectingelementsbygoingtothetoolbarorby goingtotheViewmenuandthentoSelectionaslongasthelayeryouwishtoworkwith hasalreadybeenactivatedintheToC.
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4.11.1 Selectingbypoint
Thisisthebasicselectionmethodandconsistsofclickingontheelementyouwishto select.
4.11.2 Selectingbyrectangle
This allows you to select the elements which are partly or wholly located inside a rectangle. Todefinetherectangle,placethecursorpointoverthepositionyouwishtostarttodraw therectanglein,leftclickonthemouseandholdthebuttondownuntilyouhavedefined theareayouwishtoselect.
4.11.3 Selectingbypolygon
Thisallowsyoutoselectelementswhicharepartlyorwhollylocatedinsideapolygon.To
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definethispolygon,placethecursorinthepartoftheviewyouwishtodrawtheselection polygonin.Leftclickonthemouseintheviewtoaddthepolygonvertices.Whenyouhave finished,doubleclickonthemouse.Alltheelementswhicharelocatedinsidethepolygon orwhichintersectwithanyofitssideswillbeselected.
4.11.4 Selectingbylayer
YoucanaccessthistoolbygoingtotheViewmenuthentoSelectionandSelectionby layer.Itallowsyoutoselectelementsintheactivelayerbasedontheselectionmadein anotherlayer.
Theoptionsavailableusingthistoolare: 4. Newset:Thiscreatesanewselectionset. 5. Addtoset: Thiscreatesaselectionsetbasedonthepreviousrequestandthe currentrequest. 6. Selectfromset:Thiscreatesaselectionsetfromwhathasalreadybeenselected, thecurrentselectionrequestisextractedfromthepreviousone. An example of how to use this tool consists of selecting the cities and towns of the ValencianRegionwhosemunicipalboundariesareaffectedbyfloodrisks.
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WestartwithashapefilewiththeareasoftheprovincesintheValencianRegionwhich aresubjecttofloodrisks. ThenthelayercorrespondingtoallthecitiesandtownsintheValencianRegionisadded. Preselectthefullfloodrisklayer. WegototheSelectionbylayertool.UsetheIntersectwithoptioninthefirstpulldown menu, Select items from active layers that are:. Use the riesgo_inundacin_25000_completo option in the second pulldown menu Selected itemsofalayer.
WecannowclickonNewsetandthelayerwiththenewselectionwillappear.
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4.11.5 Selectingbyattributes
Youcanaccessthistoolusingthefollowingbutton:
gvSIGallowsselectionstobemadeusingrequests(filters). Selecting elements by attributes allows you to define exactly what you want to select, includingseveralattributes,operatorsandcalculations. Requestscanbemadeusinglogicaloperators,suchasequalsmorethandifferent from,etc. IfyoupresstheFilterbuttoninthetoolbar,adialoguewindowwillappeartodefineyour request.
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3. Fields:DoubleclickonthefieldyouwishtoaddtoyourrequestfromtheFieldslist inthelayer. 4. Logicaloperators:Theseallowyoutoinsertalogicalexpressionintoyourrequest byclickingonthem. 5. Values:Thisshowsalistwiththedifferentvaluestheselectedfieldhas.Ifyouwish toaddavaluetotherequest,doubleclickonit. 6. Request:Thisisthewindowwhichrepresentstherequesttobemade. Youcan writeheredirectly. 7. Selectionbuttons:Thesebuttonsmaketherequestusing:

Newset(deletesanypreviousselections). Add to set (adds the elements selected by the request to the existing elements). Selectfromset(makestherequestfromtheselectedelements).
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4.11.6 Invertingtheselection
Whenyouhavemadeyourselection,youcanclickonthefollowingbuttoninthetoolbar
oryoucangototheViewmenuthentoSelectandInvertselection
andinvertthepreviousselectionasshownbelow.
4.11.7 Clearingselection
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Ifyouclickonthisbutton,theselectedelementsetwillonceagainbecomeempty. YoucanalsoaccessthisoptionbygoingtotheLayermenuthentoClearselection.
4.12 Locatebyattribute
Thistoolallowsyoutozoominonareasofalayerbyspecifyingthevalueofaparticular attribute. Youcanaccessthistoolbyclickingonthebutton
orbygoingtotheViewmenuthentoLocatebyattribute.
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Whenthetoolisselected,thefollowingwindowappears
YouwillfindallthelayersloadedintheToCintheLayerpulldownmenu.Thefields associatedwiththechosenlayerareincludedintheFieldpulldownmenu. Thedataincludedintheselectedfieldappearsinthe"Value"pulldownmenu. IfyoumarktheOpenwiththeviewcheckboxanddecidetoclosetheview,theLocate byattributewindowwillappearthenexttimeyouopentheview.
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Whenyouhavemadetheselection,clickonthe"Zoom"buttonandthechosenareawill beshownintheview.
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4.13 Centringtheviewonapoint
Thistoolallowsyoutolocateapointintheviewbyitscoordinatesandtocentretheview onthispoint.
YoucanalsoaccessthetoolbygoingtotheViewmenuthentoCentreviewonapoint.
Whenyouhaveaccessedthetool,adialogueboxwillappearinwhichyoucaninputthe requiredcoordinatesandselectthepointcolour.
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Whenyouclickonthe"Ok"button,theviewcentresonthispointandtheinformation windowthatcorrespondstothispointappears.
4.14 CopyinglayersingvSIG
You can also use gvSIG to copy documents and create copies of the layers you are workingwithinyourview. Firstly,selectthelayerintheToCandrightclickonit. Anewmenuappears.SelecttheCopyoption.
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Youcanpastethelayeryouwishtocopyinthesameviewastheoneyouareworkingwith orinadifferentview,eitherinthesameprojectorinadifferentone. N.B.:Rememberthatcurrentlyifyoumodifythelayer,thesechangeswillbereflectedinall thecopies. IfyouwishtoPastethelayer,rightclickonthepointyouwishtopastethenewcopyand selectthePasteoption.
N.B.:Youcanusethismethodwhenworkingwithlayergroups. Ifyoucreatealayergroup,placethemousepointeroverthegroupnameandgotothe Copyoption,youcanPastethewholelayergroupinthesamewayasyouwouldwith
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anindividuallayer.
4.15 Deletinglayers
Topermanentlyremovetheactivelayersfromtheview,rightclickonthelayerintheToC andselecttheDeletelayeroption.
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Aconfirmationdialogueappears.
4.16 Exportinglayers
4.16.1 Introduction
TheExportto... toolallowsyoutosavetheelementsselectedinalayerinadifferent format.Ifnoelementshavebeenselectedthewholelayerwillbeexported. AtthetimeofgoingtopresstheexportformatssupportedbygvSIGwereshape,dxf,and postgisandgml.
4.16.2 Exportingashape
SelecttheLayeroptionfromthemenubarthengotoExportto/shp.
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Ifyouhaveselectedelementsinthelayertobeexported,gvSIGwilltellyouhowmany elementsaregoingtobeexportedandwillaskforconfirmationbeforecarryingoutthe operation.
Ifyoucontinuewiththeoperation,adialogueboxwillappearinwhichyouwillbeaskedto selectthefilethenewshapeistobesavedin. Whenyouhaveaccepted,anewmessagewillappearaskingwhetheryouwishtoinsert
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thenewlayerintotheview.
IfyouclickonYes,thelayerwillbeaddedtotheactiveview.
4.16.3 Exportingtodxf
SelecttheLayeroptionfromthemenubarthengotoExportto/dxf.
Followthesameprocessusedforexportingtoshape.
4.16.4 Exportingtopostgis
SelecttheLayeroptionfromthemenubarthengotoExportto/postgis.
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Ifyouhaveselectedanyelements,awindowwillappeartellingyouhowmanyelements aregoingtobeexported(asinexportingtoshpanddxf). IfyouclickontheYesoptiontocontinuethegvSIGexports,gvSIGwillaskyoutoinput thenameofthetableyouwishtosavetheexportsin.Rememberthatifthetablealready existsinthedatabase,theinformationitcontainswillbedeleted.
WritethenameofthetableandclickonOk. Anewwindowappearsinwhichyouwillhavetoinputtheparametersofthedatabase connection.
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Theparametersare:

Nameoftheconnection. Computer:IPaddressofthecomputerthedatabaseishostedin. Port:PortonwhichthecomputerislisteningtothepostgreSQLservice. User:Usernamerecognisedbytheadministratortomaketheconnection. Password:Userpasswordrequiredtovalidatetheconnection. db:Thedatabasethenewtableistobecreatedin. Driver:Driverrequiredforthedatabase.(Atthetimeofgoingtopress,driversfor postGISandmySQLwereavailable).
Whenyouhaveinputtheconnectionparameters,clickonOk.
4.16.5 Exportingtogml
SelecttheLayeroptionfromthemenubarthengotoExportto/gml.
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Followthesameprocessusedforexportingtoshpordxf.
4.17 ExportingtoimageandWMC
4.17.1 Exportingtoimage
Thisoptionallowsyoutoconverttheactiveviewintoanimageorrasterfile. SelecttheViewmenuthengotoExport/Image.
Whenyouhaveselectedthetool,anewwindowappearswhichyoucanusetoeditthe nameoftheimagetobesavedandthetypeoffile(jpg,png...)youwishtosaveitin.
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Whenyouhavesavedtheimage,youcanrecoveritfromgvSIGbygoingtotheAddlayer toolandsearchingforagvSIGImageDriverfiletype.
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UsetheToCtocheckthattheexportedimageisarasterlayerbyaccessingitsproperties (rightclickonthelayerintheToCandthengotoRasterproperties).
4.17.2 WebMapContext 4.17.2.1 Introduction

WebMapContext(WMC)isanotherOGCstandard(http://www.opengeospatial.org)which canbeaddedtothelistofstandardsofthistypesupportedbygvSIG. ItcanreproduceaviewmadeupofWebMapServices(WMS)layersonanyGISplatform whichsupportsWMC.IfyourprojecthasaviewwhichcontainsWMSlayers,youcan exporttheselayers.TheresultisanXMLfilewithaspecificformatand.cmlextension which can be imported by another platform on which the view it describes can be reproduced.
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4.17.2.2 ExportingaviewtoWMC
ExportstoWMCarecurrentlylimitedtoWMStypelayers,althoughitishopedthatits functionswillextendtoalllayersthatcomplywithOGCstandardsinthefuture. ToobtainaWMCfile,openaviewingvSIGandaddtheWMSlayersyourequire.
Then go to the View menu and select Export and then Web Map Context. The followingdialoguewillbeshown.
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N.B.:Ifyoucannotfindthe"WebMapContext"optioninthe"Export"option,yourproject doesnotcontainanyWMSlayers. Basicmodeonlyshowsthecompulsorypropertieswhichcannotbetakenforgrantedby theapplication.
View:ThisdefineswhichviewisgoingtobeexportedtotheWMC.Theviewwhich iscurrentlyactiveisselectedbydefault. Title:Thisisthetitleoftheviewwhichwillbeshownwhenyour.cmlfileisloadedat alaterdate.Thecurrenttitleoftheviewisusedbydefaultbutthiscanbechanged. ID:ThisfieldisalsocompulsoryandrepresentsafileIDwhichmustbeunique. File:Youcansearchfortheplaceyouwishtosavethe.cmlfileinfromthe"Browse" button. Version:UsethistooltospecifytheWMCversionyouwishtouse.Theversion 1.1.0 is selected by default as it is the most highly developed and the most recommended.However,severalapplicationsandgeoportalsareoftenlimitedtoa specificversion. gvSIGcurrentlysupportsWebMapContextinitsversions0.1.4,1.0.0and1.1.0. Extent:Thisdefinestheextensionofthemaptobeexported.
Defined by the views extent. This option only exports what we can currentlyseeintheview. Use full extent. This extension is better to use the full WMS layers dependingonhowtheirrespectiveserversdefinethem.
IfyouclickontheAdvancedbutton,theadvancedconfigurationdialoguewilldropdown. ThisallowsyoutodefinemorepropertiestoobtainacompleteWMC.
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Abstract:ThiscontainsasummaryoftheviewdefinedbyWMC. Keywords:ThislistofwordsallowsyoutoclassifyandmetadatatheWMC. URLdescription:IfyouhaveawebsitewhichreferstothisWMC,writeitslink here. URLlogo:IfyouhaveanimageassociatedwiththisWMC,writeitslinkhere. Mapsize(pixels):ThisdefinesthepixelsizethattheWMCdefinedviewwillhave. ThecurrentgvSIGviewsizeisusedbydefaultbutyoucancustomisethesizeifyou wish.
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Contactinfo:InformationthatallowsthirdpartiestocontacttheWMCauthor.
4.17.2.3 ImportinganWMC
ImportingWebMapContextallowsyoutousegvSIGtoopenviewswith WMSlayers whichhavebeencreatedwithotherplatformsorwithanothergvSIG. Usethe"ViewmenuandselectImportandthenWebMapContext.
TheWMCfileselectiondialogueopens.
ChoosetheWMCfileyouwishtoimport.Ontheright,youcanspecifyhowyouwishto viewthelayers.
Newview:ThisaddsanewviewtothecurrentprojectandloadstheWMCas specifiedinthefile.
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Layersintheactive(current)view:ThisoptiononlyappearsiftheactivegvSIG windowisaview.Itallowsyoutoquicklyaddthelayerstothecurrentview. Layersinotherview:ThisaddsthelayersdefinedbytheWMCinthechosenview. Inthisoption,alistofviewsappearstoselecttheviewthatwillcontainthenew layers.
ClickontheOpenbuttontoimportthefilebasedonyourpreferences.
4.17.3 Annotationlayer
ThisgvSIGtoolisdesignedforworkingwithpointlayersandmakesadvancedlabelling easy. Theannotationlayerisawayofrepresentingalayerwhichisusedasadatasource.This processdoesnotcreateanewlayer,itsimplychangesthewaythislayerisshown. Tocreateanannotationlayer,selecttheLayerintheToC(tableofcontents).
SelecttheLayermenuandthengotoTransformtoannotationlayer. Thisoptionopensthewizardwhichwillguideyouthroughthestepsrequiredtocreatethe annotationlayer.
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In the wizards first window enter the minimum data required by gvSIG to create an annotationlayer.Thisdataincludes:

ThenameyouwishthenewlayertobeidentifiedbyintheToC Thefieldthatcontainsthetextyouwishtoappearintheannotations.
IfyoudonotwishtomodifytheformatoftheannotationscreatedbygvSIGandprefera standardformat,clickonFinish.Ifyouwishtocustomizetheformat,clickonNext. The wizards second window allows you to select the fields of the layers attributes whichcontainthevaluestheapplicationrequirestocustomizetheannotationsitcreates.
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Thefollowingparameterscanbecustomized.

Slopetheslopetheannotationwillhaveintheview. Colourannotationtextcolour. Heightannotationtextheight. UnitsunitsinwhichthevalueassignedtotheHeightfieldaretobemeasured. Theoptionscurrentlyavailablearemapunitsorpixels. Fontannotationtextfont.
Setthevaluestobeusedforcustomisingtherequiredparameter(bypullingdownthelist). Leavethedefaultvalueinthefieldsyoudonotwishtocustomize. ClickonFinishwhenyouhaveinputthesechanges.
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Exampleofhowtocreateanannotationlayerfromafile Thefollowingimageshowshowanannotationlayeriscreatedoutofapointlayercalled cities.shp which contains a selection of European cities. Thus, in the wizards first window,insertEuropeCitiesasthelayernameandselectcity_nameasthetextfieldas thefieldwhichcontainsthetexttobeshown.Thisisthefieldofatableofattributesofa layerwhichcontainsthenameofthecity. Thefollowingimageshowstheresult(therestofthefieldsinthewizardareleftwiththeir defaultvaluesandthisoneiszoomedin)ofthecreationofanannotationlayer.
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YoucanseethatthenameofthelayerhaschangedintheToC.ItisnowcalledEurope Citiesinsteadofcities.Rememberthattheprocessdoesnotcreateanewlayer,it onlychangesthewaythelayerisshownandrenamesitintheToC.
4.18 Workingwithrasterimages
4.18.1 Savingasraster
Firstofall,loadthecartographyyouneedtomakeaclippingontoagvSIGview. SelecttheSaveasrastertoolwhichappearsinthetoolbar.
Nowselecttwopointsintheviewtodefinetherectanglethatwillcontaintheareatobe saved.Thefollowingdialogueboxthenappears.Iftherectangleyouhavemarkedistoo small,thisboxwillnotappearandyouwillhavetoselectalargerrectangle.
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Thecoordinatesofthepointswhichdelimittheselectedareaintheviewappearatthetop oftheSaveasrasterdialogue.Thesecoordinatescanbechangedmanually. TheSelectionareaappearsinthecentreofthedialogue.Thisincludesthreeselection methods: Scale.IfyouselectScale,the ScaletextboxandtheResolutionpulldown menuareenabled.Thepulldownmenuvaluescorrespondtothepointsperinchin theexportedimage. InputavalueforthescaleandpressEnter.TheMts/pixelvaluesandtheWidth andHeightsizeoftheoutputimagearerecalculated.
Mts/pixel:IfyouselectMts/pixelfromthethreeradiobuttonscolumn,thetextbox toinputthisvaluewillbeenabled.InputaMts/pixelvalueandpressEnter.The Scale value and the size (Width and Height) of the output image will automaticallyberecalculated.
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Size:IfyouselectSize,thetextboxtoinputtheWidthandHeightvalueswill be enabled.Whenyouinputone ofthesevalues,the other willberecalculated automatically to maintain the height/width proportions. The remaining data (Mts/pixelandScale)willalsoberecalculatedautomatically.Youcanalsoselect theunitofmeasurementyouwishtoseethevaluesinviathePixelspulldown menu.
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Click on the Select button to choose where you wish to save the image. The most suitabledriverwillbeloadedaccordingtothetypeoffileyouchoose(N.B.watchhowthe buttontotherightofSelectchanges),i.e.whena.jp2outputfileisselectedforexample, youcanopenthepropertiesboxwhichcorrespondstoaJpeg2000format.Theformats availabletosaveafilearegeoTiff,jpg(georreferencedwithaworldFile)andjpeg2000.An ecwextensioncanbeselectedexceptionallyandonlywithLinuxkernel2.4.
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Whenyouselecttheoutputfilethepropertiesbuttonisenabled. ForgeoTifffiles,aboxsimilartotheonebelowappears:
Blocksize:Theblocksizedefinestheamountofdatareadeachtimesoitcanbe compressed.Thegreatertheblocksizethefasterthecompressionspeedbutmore memoryisused. Photometric: [MINISBLACK|MINISWHITE|RGB|CMYK|YCBCR|CIELAB| ICCLAB | ITULAB]. This assigns the photometric interpretation. This is RGB by default,becausetheinputimagehas3bytetypebands. Interleaving: [BAND | PIXEL]. The tiff files have band interleaving. Some applicationsonlysupportpixellevelinterleaving.Inthesecases,thisoptioncanbe modified.
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Compression: [LZW | PACKBITS | DEFLATE | NONE] This assigns the compressiontobeused.Thedefaultoptionisnone.
Atablelikethiswillbeobtainedforjpg.
Blocksize:Theblocksizedefinestheamountofdatareadeachtimesoitcanbe compressed.Thegreatertheblocksizethefasterthecompressionspeedbutmore memoryisused. Compression:Thisallowstheimagescompressionleveltobeadjusted. Progressive:Thisallowsyoutomakeprogressivejpgs.
Whentheimagehasbeenselectedandthepropertieshavebeenadjusted,clickonOk. Aprogressbarappears.Thisprocessmaytakeanextremelylongtimedependingonthe sizeoftheoutputimage. Itcantakefromafewsecondstoseveraldays.Thus,itis advisabletocontrolthesizeoftheoutputimageviathenumberofpixelssowearenot takenbysurprise.
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Whentheprocessfinishes,astatisticstableindicatesthesavedimagepath,thedisksize of the output image, the length of the process and whether the image has been compressedornot.
Tocheckthatthegeoreferencinghasbeencorrectlycarriedout,youcanloadtheimage youhavesavedasanotherlayerandapplyatransparency.
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4.18.2 BrightnessandcontrastandEnhance
ApplyingBrightnessandContrastandEnhancefilterstorasterimages. Firstly,loadthecartographyinrasterformatinaviewandrightclickonthenameofthe rasterlayerselectedintheToC.WhenthemenuappearsselecttheRasterproperties option.
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ThengotheEnhancetab.
You will see that the Brightness and contrast and Enhance adjustment panels are disabledbydefault.Thesepanelscanbeenabledbycheckingtheboxesatthetopofeach
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panel.Ifthesecheckboxesaredisablednofilterswillbeappliedtotheimageeventhough thevalueshavebeeninputintothepanel.If,atanytime,anyofthesefiltershavebeen appliedtotheimage,thevalueswillappearinthepanel.
You will find two slider controls in the Brightness and contrast panel. Values can be modifiedbyusingthesliderorbydirectlyinputtingthevaluesinthenumericalfieldonthe rightandpressingEnter.Thebrightnessandcontrastincreaserangegoesfrom255to 255.Tofinetunethesevalueswithouthavingtoinputtheminthenumericalfield,clickone endoftheslidercontroltoeitherincreaseordecreasethevalue,unitbyunit. YouwillfindaPreviewcheckboxinthepanel.Thisisusefulforobtainingapreviewof theimagewithouthavingtoAcceptorApplychangeseverytimetheyaremade.Ifthis checkboxisenabled,theimageisrefreshedwiththenewfilterswhenthemousebuttonis releasedaftermodifyingthebrightnessorcontrastvaluesusingtheslidercontrolorwhen Enterispressedifthenumericalfieldhasbeenusedtomodifythevalue.
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Whenbrightnessandcontrastfiltersareappliedthepreviousimagetakesontheabove appearance.WhenCancelispressed,nochangesareappliedandtheinputvaluesare lost. If you press Accept and you return to Raster properties you will see that the previouslyinputvalueshavebeensaved.
4.18.3 Zoomtorasterresolution
Thistoolallowstheactiveraster(selectedintheToC)tobegivenascaleinwhichapixel onyourscreencorrespondstoapixelintherasterimage. Letussimplifythedefinitionwithanexample:Ifyourscreenresolutionis2x2,onlyatotal of4pixelsoutofthetotalnumberofpixelswhichmakeuptherasterimagewillappearin theview. Agreaterorlesserresolutionzoomthantheonespecifiedbythetoolmeansthatthe wholeimagewillberesampled. Ifyouwishtoaccessthetool,rightclickonthemouseontheactiverasterlayerandselect theZoomtorasterresolutionoption.
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Placethemousepointerovertheareaoftheviewyouwishtousethetoolforandclickon it. Theimagewillappearwiththerequestedresolution.
4.18.4 Transparencyperpixel
This assigns transparencytoarasterbased onthecolour ofitspixels.Toassignthis transparency,firstloadthecartography,thenplacethemousepointerintheToCoverthe rasterlayeryouwishtomodify.Rightclickandthecontextualmenuwillappear.Selectthe "Rasterproperties"option.Whenthedialogueboxopens,selectthe"Transparency"tab. Onlythetoppartofthepanelcorrespondstothistool.EnabletheActivatecheckboxand thecontrolsthatcorrespondtothisfunctionwillbeactivated.
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Youcanwritetherequiredcombinationofred,greenandbluevaluesintheR,Gand Btextboxes.Whenyouhaveinputthesevalues,youcanaddthemtothelistwiththe rightfacingarrow.ThesevalueswillbeaddedwithanAND(&)iftheAndcheckboxis enabledandwithanOR(|)iftheOrcheckboxisselected.
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AddingthevalueswithanANDmeansthatallthepixelsthathavethered,greenandblue valueswehaveinputwillbecometransparent.AddingthevalueswithanORmeansthat all the pixels that have the red or green or blue values we have input will become transparent. Ifyouselectanentryfromthelistandclickontheleftfacingarrow,thevalueswillappear inthetextboxesandcanbemodified. Youcaninputmultiplevaluesinthelist.Thismeansthatwhenyouaccepttheoperationall thepixelswhosecolourcoincideswiththevaluesinputinthelistwillbetransformed.
4.18.5 Selectingarasterlayer
Thistoolallowsyoutoselectrasterlayersfromtheviewandforthemtobeselectedinthe ToC. Thisisusefulifyouareusinganorthophotomosaicandyouneedtofindoutexactlywhich orthophotoyouareworkingwith. Youcanaccessthistoolfromthetoolbarbyclickingonthefollowingbutton
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orbygoingtotheViewmenuthentoSelection.
Wearenowgoingtoshowanexampleoftheuseofthetool. RememberthattherearealargenumberoforthophotosintheToCwithsimilarnames whichasawholemakeuptheprovinceofValenciaintheView.
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Gototheview.Makesuretheselectiontoolfortherasterlayerisactiveandclickonthe orthophotoyouwishtoworkwith.
YouwillseethatthechosenorthophotohasautomaticallybeenselectedintheToC.
4.18.6 Georeferencingwithbasemappingandcontrolpoints
ThegvSIGprogrammeallowsanimagetobegeoreferenced(.jpg,.tif,.gif,.png)using controlpointsonageoreferencedbasemap.
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Firstly,thegeoreferencedbasemapneedstobeloaded(inrasterorvectorformatorboth) toagvSIGview.
Secondly,theimagetobegeoreferencedmustbeadded.Youcanloadthisimageby goingtotheAddlayertoolandselectingtheGeoreferencetab. UsetheLoadbuttontoaccesstheimageyouwishtogeoreference.
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IfyouenabletheUseimagegeoreferencingcheckboxandtheimageisgeoreferenced,it willbeaddedtotheviewwithitscurrentgeoreference.Ifitisnot,theimagewillbeloaded inthecentreoftheview. Youwillthenfindabrowserbuttonwhichcanbeusedtoselectthemapprojection.
Whenyouhavefinishedtheprocess,clickonOk.Theimagetobegeoreferencedwill appearintheviewandwillhaveanasterisk*intheToCtoindicatethatthisisthelayer the process is being carried out on. A new window will also appear to carry out the georeferenceprocessbutfirst,theimagetobegeoreferencedwillhavetobemovedcloser tothebasemapsreferencezonesothatyoucanselectthecontrolpointsmorequickly.
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4.18.6.1 Movingtheimagetobegeoreferencedcloser
IfthelayertobegeoreferencedisselectedintheToC,fournewbuttonswillappearinthe toolbar.
Thisbutton resizesthe imagetobegeoreferenced.The imagesize canbe modifiedandbroughtclosertothebasemapscale. Selectthistoolandgototheimagetobegeoreferenced.Aframewillbecreated aroundtheimage.Ifyouplacethecursorononeoftheimagesides,itwillturninto adoublearrow.Thiswillthenallowyoutomodifytheframesizebymovingthe cursor.Thenewlycreatedframeboundarieswillbecomethenewreferencesizefor theimagebeinggeoreferenced.
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Thistoolallowsyoutomovetheimagetobegeoreferencedaroundtheview andthusbringitclosertothereferencebasemap. This tool takes you back to the previous position of the image to be georeferencedintheview. Thistoolisactivatedwhentheprevioustoolhasbeenusedandallowsyouto redowhatyouhavepreviouslyundone.
4.18.6.2 Selectingcontrolpoints
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ClickontheNewpointbuttonintheGeoreferencedialogueandgototheview.
Placethemousepointerovertheimagetobegeoreferencedandlookforacontrolpoint. Thispointisdefinedasaredcirclewithacrossinthemiddle.Ifyoumoveoutsidethe boundariesofthisimage,gvSIGshowsanerrormessageandyouwillhavetoselecta pointonceagain. Ifyouclickonthefollowingbutton
twosmallwindowswilldropdown.Inthelefthandwindow,thelocationofthecreated controlpointappearsoveranimagezoom,asthefollowingimageshows.
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Ifyouwishtospecifythepointfurther,youcanzoomintotheimageusingthezoomtools inthecentreofthedialoguebox.
Ifyouthenclickonthepointintheminiviewanddragityoucanmoveitslocation.These changeswillautomaticallybereflectedinthegvSIGview. When you have marked the control point on the image to be georeferenced, this will disappear from the view (this option is marked by default in the "Options" tab in the "Georeference"windowandcanbemodifiedatanytime)andwillonlyleavethebasemap withthedestinationpointmarkedontheview. Inthiscase,thepointisdefinedbyabluesquarewithacrossinthecentre.
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Youcandothesamewiththeminiviewontherightasyoudidwiththeleft,i.e.ifyouwish tomoveclosertothepointlocation,youcanzoomintotherighthandimageanddragthe pointovertheviewtoplaceitmoreprecisely. Youcanalsospecifythepointsinthetextboxesinthegeoreferencedialoguewindow. Whenthepointshavebeeninput,pressEnterandthepointwillbelocatedintheview. RememberthattheXandYtextboxesbelongtotheimagetobegeoreferencedand thatLongitudeandLatitudecorrespondtothegeoreferencedimage. Ifyouhavemadeamistakewiththepointandwishtodeleteit,clickonRemoveselected point.
Ifyouclickonthisbutton,aconfirmationmessagewillappear.
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Ifyouclickon"Yes",thepointwillbedeleted. Ifyouwishtoremoveallthepoints,clickontheRemoveallthepointsbutton.
Thecontrolpointselectionmustberepeatedasaminimumofthreepointsarerequiredfor georeferencing,althoughatleastnineareadvisable. ThereisanotherseriesoftoolsintheGeoreferencewindow:
This tool allows you to go to the first control point, to the previouspoint,searchforcontrolpointsusingapulldownmenu,gotothefollowing controlpointandgotothelastpulldownpointrespectively. Thisbuttonallowsyoutoselectcontrolpointsfromtheview.Firstly,selectthe controlpointoftheimagetobegeoreferencedandfinally,thecontrolpointofthe destinationcoordinate.
Youcandisableaninputcontrolpointviathe"ActivecheckboxinthePointtab.This meansthatthepointwillnotbeusedintheerrorandgeoreferencecalculationsandthe symbolswillnotappearintheview.Ifyouneedthepointagain,youcanenablethecheck box.
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IfyouclickontheTabletab,atablewillappearwithallthepointsandtheirerrors.This tablecanbeenlargedtoshowmoreinformation.
4.18.6.3 Savingandaddingcontrolpoints
Whenyouhavefinishedthegeoreferenceprocess,youcansaveyourcontrolpointsby usingthefollowingtools:
inametadatafileassociatedwiththeimagewiththe.rmfextension(ifdata alreadyexistsinthisfile,gvSIGwillwarnyouthatitisgoingtooverwriteit). ina.csvfile:Inthiscase,adialoguewindowopenstoselectafiletosavethe data(X,YcoordinatesandtheerrorsinX,YandRMS).
However,ifyouwishtoaddpointsfromafile,usethefollowingtools

toretrieve.rmfcontrolpointsassociatedwiththeimage. toloadcontrolpointsfroma.csvfile.
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N.B.:Youcanalsosavethegeoreferencepointsinthetablepanel.
4.18.6.4 Options
YoucanusetheOptionstabinthegeoreferencewindowtoenableanddisablesomeof theoptionsaccordingtoyourpreferences.
4.18.6.5 Processing
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Finally, if you click on the Process button, the algorithm which generates the georeference for the image will be applied and saved in an .rmf file together with the image.Youcanenable"Createworldfile"intheoptionssothatitcanbeinterpretedby otherapplications.gvSIGwillusethefileithasgeneratedforthegeoreference.
4.18.6.6 Restrictions

Itiscurrentlyonlypossibletogeoreferencebmp,gif,jpg,pngandtifformats. At the moment, this tool only generates basic georeferencing by calculating the imagessourceandpixelsize.Itcannotrotate,orthorectifyorreproject.
4.19 Catalogue.Searchingforgeodata
ThecatalogueserviceallowsyoutosearchforgeographicinformationontheInternet. gvSIGoffersauserfriendlyinterfacewhichallowsyoutofindgeodataandloaditinthe view,aslongasthenatureofthedataallowsthis.
4.19.1 Connectingtoaserver
Beforeyoucancarryoutasearch,youwillneedtoconnecttoacatalogueserver.To accessthewizard,youwillfirstneedtoopenaviewandthenclickonthefollowingbutton:
Thefirstwindowofthecatalogueopens.Inputtherequiredparameterstoconnecttoa server.Theseinclude:

Theserveraddress. Theserverprotocol,whichinthecaseofthecataloguecanbe:

Z39.50:Generalinformationretrievalprotocol. SRU/SRW:VariantofZ39.50. CSW:CatalogueprotocoldefinedbytheOGCintheCatalogueInterface 2.0specification.
Databasename:Youonlyneedtoindicatethedatabaseyouwishtoconnecttoin thecaseofz39.50.Ifnovalueisinputyouwillconnecttothedefaultdatabase.
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ThenclickontheConnectbutton.Iftheconnectionismadeandtheserversupportsthe specifiedprotocol,anewwindowwillappeartostartthesearch.
4.19.2 Searching
Tocarryoutasearch,youneedtofillinthefieldsthatappearinthefollowingform.
Clickonthe buttonandthewindowwilldropdowntoshowmorefieldswhichwillallow youtocarryoutanadvancedsearch.Thefieldsyoucansearchinaresetbytheserver. Thismeansthatsomeofthesearchfieldsinthisformmayhavenoeffectinsomeservers.
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Ifyouchangetheviewzoom,thenewcoordinateswillbereflectedinthisform.Ifyouwish torestrictthesearchareaenablethecorrespondingcheckbox. ThenclickonSearchandwaitforthesearchtobecarriedout.
4.19.3 Viewingtheresults
Ifthesearchhasbeensuccessful,anewwindowcontainingthesearchresultswillopen. UsethePreviousandNextbuttonstoseeeachoftheresultsobtained.
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Thelefthandsideofthewindowshowsinformationaboutthemetadataobtained.Ifyou wishtoseealltheinformation,clickonthe"Description"button.Youwillalsobeableto seeaminiatureimageatalltimes,metadatapermitting. Ifthemetadatahasanygeodataassociatedtoit,theAddlayerbuttonwillbeenabled. gvSIG can currently recognise different types of associated resources, such as WMS, WCS,Postgistablesandwebpages.Ifyouclickonthisbutton,anewwindowwillbe openedandwillshowalltheresourcestheapplicationhasbeenabletofind.
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IfyouclickonaWMS,WCSorPostgistyperesource,thenewlayerwillautomaticallybe loadedingvSIG.Iftheresourceisawebpage,forexample,theoperatingsystemsdefault browser.
4.20 Gazetteer
A gazetteer is a data set in which a link is established between a toponym and its geographiccoordinates. gvSIGhasacatalogueclientwhichallowsyoutosearchbytoponymsandcentretheview onaspecificpoint.
4.20.1 Connectingtoaserver
Createaviewfirstandopenit.ThefollowingbuttonwillappearautomaticallyinthegvSIG toolbar.
Clickonthebutton.Awizardopenstohelpyoutocarryoutasearch.Theparametersto beinputare:

Theserveraddress. Theserverprotocol,whichinthecaseofthegazetteercanbe:
WFSG:ToponymsearchprotocoldefinedbytheOGC.
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WFS:Althoughthisprotocolwascreatedwithadifferentpurposeinmind,it canbeusedforatoponymsearch,aslongasithasatextattributeinoneof thetables.ThisprotocolalsoallowsyoutocarryoutaFeaturesearchin anyotherfield,butnotnecessarilyatextattribute. ADL:ProtocolspecifiedbytheAlexandriaDigitalLibrary. IDEC/SOAP:ProtocolthatusestheCatalonianCartographicInstitute(ICC) gazetteerwebservice.
Whenyouhaveinputalltheparameters,clickonthe"Connect"buttonandwaituntilthe serverisfoundandacceptsthespecifiedprotocol.Ifitisaccepted,anewwindowwill appeartostartthesearch.Ifnot,anerrormessagewillappear.
4.20.2 Searching
Tocarryoutasearch,youwillneedtofillinthecriteriathatappearinthefollowingform. Youcanseethesimplifiedformorcarryoutanadvancedsearchbyclickingonthe buttoninthetoprighthandcorner.Thisdropsdownthewindow.
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Ifyouchangetheviewzoom,thenewcoordinateswillbereflectedinthisform.Ifyouwish torestrictthesearchareaactivatethecorrespondingcheckbox. TherearealsothreeoptionsintheAspectsetup boxwhichyoucanusetosetupthe searchview:

Zoomtosearch:ThisputsthetoponymfoundinthecentreofthegvSIGview. Deleteoldsearches:Thisdeletesallthetextsfoundintheprevioussearchesfrom theview. Drawresult:Thisdrawsapointandatextlabelintheplacetheresultingtoponym hasbeenfound.
Whenyouhavefilledinallthefieldsintheform,clickonSearchandwaitforthesearch tobecarriedout.
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4.20.3 Viewingtheresults
A new window containing the search results will open. Use the Previous and Next buttonstomovethroughthedifferentpagesofresults.
Finally,selectthetoponymrequiredandclickonLocalise.ThegvSIGviewwillcentreon thepointthetoponymislocatedin.
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5 Tables
Tablesaredocumentswhichcontainalphanumericinformation.Tablesaremadeupof rowsorrecords(whichrepresenteachoftheelementsinthedatabase)and columnsor fields(whichdefinethedifferentattributesofeachelement).
Roworrecord:Usedtorepresentthedifferentelementsinthetable. Columnorfield:Thetypesofattributeswhichdefineeachelement.
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Cell:Acellistheintersectionofarecordandafield.Acellistheminimumworking elementandmaycontaininformation. Recordinformation:Thisprovidesinformationaboutthetotalnumberofelements (records)containedinthetable.
AllthevectorinformationlayershavetheirownTableofattributes.Eachgraphicelement inaparticularlayerhasitscorrespondingrecordintheTableofattributes. Toselectelementsinthetable,leftclickonthem.UsetheControlandShift(CAPS) keystoselectmorethanonerecord.
5.1 AddingaTable
YoucanloadatableingvSIGintwoways:
FromtheProjectmanager
7. FromtheView
5.1.1 AddingatablefromtheProjectmanager
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SelectTablesasthedocumenttypefromtheProjectmanagerandclickonNew. Adialogueboxwillopeninwhichyoucanaddthetable.
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WhenyouclickontheAddbutton,abrowserwindowwillopen.
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SpecifythetypeoffileyouwishtoloadingvSIGinFilesofType. Whenyouhavelocatedthefilethatcontainsthetable,selectitsothatitisaddedtothe FilenametextboxandclickonOpen. Youwillautomaticallybereturnedtothe"Addtable"dialogue.Ifyouwishtoaddmorethan onetable,clickon"Add"againandrepeattheprocess. Whenyouhavefinished,clickonOk. Thetablewillthenbedisplayed.ItwillalsoappearintheProjectmanagertextbox.
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5.1.2 Addingatablefromaview
ClickontheSeetableofattributesbuttonfromthedisplaywindowofaviewwithatleast oneactivelayer,i.e.alayerthatisselectedintheToC,
orgotothe"Layer"menuandthenselectthe"Seetableofattributes"option.
Thetablewillautomaticallybeaddedtotheproject.
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Ifyouminimisetheview,gobacktotheProjectmanagerandselectTablesasthe documenttype,youwillseethatthetabledisplayedintheviewappearsinthetextbox.
5.2 Tableproperties
YoucanaccessTablepropertiesfromtheProjectmanagerwindow.
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Youcanusethiswindowto:

Renamethetable. Editthecreationdate. Addanownertothetable. Addcomments.
Whenyouhaveinputthechanges,clickonOkandtheywillbesaved.
5.3 Tableassociatedtools
Whenatablehasbeenloaded,eitherfromtheProjectmanagerorfromtheview,the toolsassociatedwiththetablewillappearinthetoolbar.
Anewmenu,calledTable,willalsobeactivatedinthetoolbar.Thiscanalsobeusedto accessthedifferenttools.
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5.4 AddingatablefromaCSVfile
Fromversion0.5onwards,gvSIGcanreadinformationcontainedinaplaintextfile,whose fieldsareseparatedbyasemicolon.
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Tocarryoutthisoperation,gofirstlytotheProjectmanager.SelectTablesandthen clickonNew.Asearchdialogueboxwillopen.ClickonAddandthefilebrowserwill appearinanewwindow(selectcsvstringinTypeoffiletoshowthecsvfiles).
Whenthe.csvfilehasbeenselected,clickonOpen. IfyouclickonOk,thedataofthetableyouhaveaddedwillbeshown.
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AddingatablefromaJDBCdataorigin
ThecontentsofadatabasetablecanbeimportedtogvSIGusingdatabasemanagers (PostgreSQL, MySQL, GBMSHSQLDB, ODBC and Oracle). gvSIG processes the informationobtainedjustlikeanyothertable. ToloadatablewiththeinformationobtainedfromaJDBCdataoriginyoumust: Firstly,gotothe"Projectmanager"andselect"Tables".Thenclickon"New". SelecttheDatabasetabinthewindowthatopens(Newtable)andconfigurethedata baseserverconnectionparameters:
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If the information entered is correct, a new table will be created in gvSIG with the informationcontainedintheoriginalJDBCtable.
6 Editingtools
6.1 Introduction
There are two types of edition. Firstly, there is the graphic edition of elements which creates,modifiesanddeletesgraphicelementsandsecondly,thealphanumericeditionof elementswhichcreates,modifiesanddeletesdataassociatedwiththeelements.
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6.2 Graphicediting
6.2.1 Introduction
gvSIG'sCADextensioncanmakecomplexdrawingsfrombasicelements,suchaslines, circlesorpolygons. Featurescanbeduplicatedormodifiedasyouwishbyusingactionssuchascopyingor rotating. Tocarryoutthesetasks,weneedtoknowwhattypeoflayerisbeingedited.Oncewe knowthetypeoflayer,wecanseewhichtaskscanbecarriedout. SelecttheLayermenuthenselecttheStarteditionoption.Theeditiontoolbarbuttons appear.Thebuttonsthatareactivearetheonlyonesthatcanbeusedinthelayeryouare editing.Thus,forexample,ifitisapointslayer,selection, move and pointinsertion are enabled
whilstif,forexample,thelayerisalinelayer,allthetoolsareenabledexceptthe point insertiontool.
Anothertoolwhichappearswhenaneditingsessionisstartedisthecommandconsoleor messageandcommandarea,locatedatthebottomofthegraphicarea.Thistoolallows you to input commands via the computer keyboard.These are then carried out in the graphicarea.
6.2.2 Thegraphicarea
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IfyouselecttheLayermenuoptionthengotoStartedition,theapplicationwindow showsthefollowingareas.
Menu bar: Menus with which you can access the applications functions. The contentswillchangeaccordingtothesituation,thus,forexample,the"Geometry" menuwillonlyappearwhenalayerisbeingedited. Toolbar:Barwhichshowsthedrawingcommandicons. Graphicarea:Thistakesupthemajorityofthedisplayandiswherethelayerwhich isbeingeditedisshown. Commandconsole:ThisiswheretheeditorsPROMPTislocated(activelineof theconsole).Thismeansthattheprogrammeisreadytoreceivecommands.When a command is input, the corresponding process is run and the messages,
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informationorparameterrequestsareshown.
Statusbar:Thisshowsthescale,themeasuringunits,theabsolutecoordinatesof thecursorposition(XandY)intheseunitsandtheprojection.
6.2.3 StartingandfinishinganeditingsessioningvSIG
Firstly,activatethelayeryouwishtoeditbyselectingitintheTableofContents(ToC). Whenalayerisactive,thelayernameappearsinboldandarectangularareaappears aroundit. SelectLayerthenStarteditionfromthemenubar.
N.B.:Morethanonelayercanbeeditedandyoucanalternatewhatyoudowiththem. However,whateveryoudowillonlytakeeffectontheactivelayer.Tochangethelayeryou areworkingon,selectitintheToC. Makethegraphicchangesyouwishandwhenyouhavefinishededitingthelayerclickon theLayermenuandthenonFinishedition.
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N.B.:Theapplicationwillcreateaprojectionoftheobjectyouareworkingontohelpyou withthegraphicediting.Thiswillallowyoutogetavisualideaoftheobtainedresult.The objectprojectionwillbeshowninred. The figureshowshowaprojectionofthe figurecopiedin a differentcolour iscreated duringthecopyingprocess.Thisprojectionallowsyoutospecifyexactlywhereyouwantto placethenewobjectinthegraphicarea.
6.2.4 Procedurestoinputcommands
Therearethreegeneralmechanismsfortheapplicationtorunusercommands.Thefirst mechanismistoselectthecommandbyclickingonthecorrespondingbuttoninthetool bar.Thesecondoptionistoactivatethetoolbyselectingitinthemenubar(normallyin theGeometrytab)andthethirdandlastmechanismisbyinputtingcommandsinthe commandconsoleusingthekeyboard.
6.2.4.1 Toolbar
The edition tool bar appears when a layer is being edited. The tool bar icons will be activatedaccordingtothetypeoflayerbeingedited.
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6.2.4.2 Menubar
Whenaneditingsessionstarts,anewmenucalledGeometryappearsinthebarfrom whichwecanaccessthedifferenttools.
6.2.4.3 Commandconsole
Thecommands,options,messagesorparameterrequeststheprogrammerunsareshown intheareacalled"Commandconsole".Thebottomlineofthecommandconsoleiscalled
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the"linecommand"andshowstheactiontheapplicationisrunning. Thecommandconsoleareasizecanbeincreasedordecreased.Tomodifyitssize,place themousepointerontheseparationbarbetweenthecommandconsoleandthegraphic area,leftclickonthemouseandmovethebarupordownuntilitissituatedintherequired position.Whenyouhavefinished,letgoofthemousebutton. Youcanalsohidethecommandconsolebyclickingonthedownfacingtrianglesituatedat thetoprightoftheconsole.Toshowthecommandconsole,clickontheupwardfacing triangle. Toinputcommandsintothecommandconsoleusingthekeyboard,writethenameofthe commandororderandpressEnter.Commandscanbeinputincapitalorsmallletters. Whenacommandisinput,awindoworasetofoptionsassociatedwiththiscommand appears.Forexample,iftherectanglecommandisinput,awindowwillappearinwhich thedefinitionofacornerpointisrequested.Whenthepointhasbeeninserted,asecond pointorCisrequestedtoindicatethattheobjectwillbeasquare.
6.2.5 Editionproperties
Whenalayereditingsessionhasbeenstarted,ifyourightclickonitsnameintheToC,a contextual menu appears in which, among other things, you can access the Edition propertiestoconfigurethem.
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6.2.5.1 Snapping
YoucanconfiguretheSnaptoleranceinthefirsteditingpage. SnaporSnappingis theprocessofmovinganelementuntilitcoincidesexactlywiththecoordinatesofanother element.IftheSnaptoleranceis4pixels,twoelementswhicharethesamedistanceor closerthan4pixelswillbejoinedinacommoncoordinate. Youcandoelementsnappingbetweenlayersbyenablingthecorrespondingcheckboxes intheSelectedcolumn. Youcanmodifythevaluesofthe"Maximumfeatureseditioncache"columntoaccelerate thesnappingsandhandlersbeingedited.Thisisthemaximumnumberofgeometriesyou wishtoworkwithinthecache.
6.2.5.2 Configuringthegrid
If you select Grid in the tree on the left, this will allow you to configure the grids properties. Thegridisapointpatternwhichextendsoverthewholeofthegraphicarea.Itisusefulin thatitallowsyoutolineupobjectsandcalculatethedistancebetweenthem. YoucanenabletheShowgridandAdjust to gridcheckboxesandeditthedistance betweenthegridpoints.
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Whenthegridisshown,thegraphicareawilllooklikethis.
6.2.5.3 Flatness
YoucanconfigureFlatnessbyselectingthecorrespondingoptioninthetreeontheleft.
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IngvSIG,acircleoranycurvedgeometryismadeupofstraight sections.Theflatness numberyouspecifywilldefinethemaximumsizeofthesesections.
6.2.6 Undo/Redo
gvSIGhasseveralmechanismstoundostepsyouhavealreadytakeninthelayeryouare editingorredosomeyouhaveundone.
6.2.6.1 Commandstack
Thecommandstackisatoolwhichallowsyoutoundo/redoseveralcommandsatonce.It alsoprovidesinformationaboutthe commands carriedout,suchasthenameandtime theywerecarriedout. Thecommandstackcanbeactivatedindifferentways.
Byclickingonthetoolbariconshownbelow.
8. Byselectingthemenubaroption"File"thengoingto"Commandstack". Thecommandstacksavesallthecommandsgivenonthelayerbeingeditedsincethelast timeitwassaved.
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Youcanselectthe commands youwishtoundointheslidercontrol.Youcanmovethe slidercontrolupordownuntilyouhavepositioneditintheorderinwhichyouwishto continueworking.
Youmustrememberthatyoucannotundoonespecificcommand,youhavetoundoallthe commandsgivenuptothatpoint,i.e.wehavetogotothelaststepwewishtokeepand continueeditingfromthispoint.Forexample,letussupposethatwetakeelevenstepsand whenwereachtheeleventhstep,werealisethatstepnumbersixisincorrect.Wecannot simplygotostep6andcancelit,wehavetoundotheeleventh,tenth,ninthsteps,etc.until wegettothefifthone. Theadvantageofusingthecommandstackisthatwecanundoallthechangesatonce
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withouthavingtoundothemonebyone.Inaddition,weknowwhichstepsweareundoing. YoucanaccessUndo/Redofromtheeditiontoolbarbyclickingonthecorrespondingicon.
Thebuttonwiththeleftfacingarrowallowsyoutoundothelaststep. Thebuttonwiththerightfacingarrowallowsyoutoredothelaststepyouhaveundone.
6.2.7 Coordinates
Apointcanbereferencedintwoways:

Consolemode.Thepointcoordinatesareinputnumerically. Graphicmode.Thepointisindicatedbyusinganyofthepointerdevices(normallya mouse).
6.2.7.1 Consolemode
Tworeferencesystemscanbeusedintheconsole. 5. Cartesiancoordinates:ThesedefinepointsXandYbasedonthereferencepoint.
Polar coordinates: These definea pointaccordingto thedistance based on the referencepointandanangleinrespecttothehorizontalaxis. Absolute:Theydefineapointbasedonthecoordinatesource(0,0). Relative:Theydefineapointbasedonthelastdefinedpoint.
Thecoordinatescanalsobe:

InputtingCartesiancoordinates. InputtheXandYvaluesseparatedbyacomma(X,Y).TheXvalueisthepositiveor negativedistance,inunitsalongthehorizontalaxis,theYvalueisthedistanceinunits alongtheverticalaxis. Thevaluesusedtodesignatethepointscanbewhole,decimal,positiveornegative. Theabsolutecoordinatevaluesarebasedonthesource(0,0),whichistheplacetheX andYaxesintersect.Forexample,thepoint25,7designatesapointlocated25unitsaway fromthesourceontheXaxisand7unitsawayontheYaxis.
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Therelativevaluesofthecoordinatesarebasedonthelastinputpoint.Usetherelative coordinates whenyouknowthecoordinatesofapointbasedonthepreviouspoint.To designatearelativepoint,placethe(@)symbolinfrontofthecoordinates. Forexample,the@1,2coordinatesdeterminesapoint1unitawayontheXaxisand2 unitsawayontheYaxisfromthepreviouslydesignatedpoint. Insertingpolarcoordinates Toinputpolarcoordinates,indicateadistanceandanangleseparatedbythe<symbol. Forexample,todesignateapoint5unitsawayfromthepreviousonewitha45degree angle,write@5<45. The angles increase anticlockwise and decrease clockwise. To move anticlockwise, indicate a negative angle. For example, the 1<315 position is the same as the 1<45 position.
6.2.7.2 Graphicmode
Designatingapointingraphicmodeissimplytoindicateitusingapointerdevice.Ifyou haveamouseasadevice,themouse'smovementislinkedtothecrosshairs(crossed axispointer)onthedisplay.
Placethecrosshairsonthedesiredpointandleftclickonthemousetodefinethepoint.
6.2.8 Editingcommands
Editingcommandsarethesetofordersusedtoeditormodifyadrawing.Morespecifically, theycoveralltheprocessesandmechanismsrequiredtomodifyandworkwithwhathas alreadybeendrawn. gvSIGusesthreedifferentwaystorunthesecommands.

Byclickingonthecorrespondingbuttonfromthetoolbar. Fromthemenubar. Bywritingthecommandinthecommandconsole.
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6.2.8.1 Selecting
6.2.8.1.1 Simpleselection
Toselectoneofthedrawnobjectsinthelayerweareediting,clickonthe"Select"button inthetoolbar,
orgototheGeometrymenubarandthentoSelect.
Thenclickontheobjectyouwishtoselect.
6.2.8.1.2 Complexselection
Youcanaccessthisbuttoninthetoolbar,
orbygoingtotheGeometrymenubarthentoComplexselection. WhentheComplexselection toolhasbeenselected,rightclickon themouseinthe graphicarea.Thefollowingcontextualmenuwillappear.
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Clickontheoptionyouwishtousetoselecttheelements. IfyouusetheInsidecircleoptionyoucandelimitacirclesothattheelementsyouwishto selectremaininsidethisarea.
Theselectionresultcorrespondstothefollowingimage.
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You can also write the select and complex selection commands in the command console. Command:select Writethecommandselectinthecommandconsole. Whenamessageappearsinthecommandconsolerequestingyoutoaddtheselection point,inputthecoordinatesoftheobjectyouwishtoselect.Ifthereisanobjectinthe definedcoordinates,itwillbeselected.
Command:complexselection Writethecommandcomplexselectioninthecommandconsoleandwhentheselection optionsappear,writethedesiredoption.Theoptionsareshownwiththeirnames,andin squarebrackets([])thetextyouneedtoinputinthecommandconsoletousetheoption.
If,forexample,youwishtoselectthefeaturesthatareinapolygonarea,youneedtowrite
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complexselectioninthecommandconsole,pressEnterandthenselecttheIPoption. Thisallowsustoindicatethecoordinatesoftheverticeswhichwillmakeupthepolygon (when thecoordinatesofeachofthe verticesare indicated apolygon is drawnin the drawingwindow)andwhenitisfinished,theelementswhichareinsideitareselectedso youcanworkonthem. Thefollowingimageshowshowaselectionoptionisinput.
Thefollowingfigureshowsthedefinitionoftheselectionpolygoninthegraphicarea.
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Whenthepolygonisfinished,theelementscontainedinsideitwillbeselectedsoyoucan workonthem. Selectionoptions Insidecircle [IC]:This allowsyouto delimit acircleandselect all theelements locatedinsidethisarea. Outsiderectangle[OR]:Thisallowsyoutodelimitarectangularareaandselectthe elementswhichlieoutsidethisarea. Insidepolygon[IP]:Thisallowsyoutodrawapolygonareaandselecttheelements locatedinsidethisarea. Intersectswith/Containspolygon[CP]:Thisallowsyoutodrawapolygonareaand selectalltheelementslocatedinsideitorwhichintersectwithitsperimeter. Outside polygon [OP]:Thisallows you todelimita polygonareaandselect the
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elementswhichlieoutsideit. Intersectswith/Containscircle[CC]:Thisallowsyoutodelimitacircleandselectall theelementslocatedinsideitorwhichintersectwithitsperimeter. Outside circle [OC]: This allows you to delimit a circle and select the elements whichlieoutsideit. Selectall:Thisselectsalltheelementscontainedinthelayerregardlessofwhere theylieinit.
6.2.8.2 Copying
Thismakesacopyoftheobjectsyouhaveselected.Theelementscopiedwillkeepthe samesizeandorientationastheoriginals. Toaccessthistool,clickontheCopybuttoninthetoolbar
orgototheGeometrymenubar,thento"Modify"and"Copy".
Thecopyingprocessisbasicallythesameasthemoveprocessbutthesourceobjectsdo notmovefromtheirinitialpositions.Newobjectsarecreatedinthenewlocationwhichare identicaltotheoriginalsinsize,shapeandinthedistancebetweenthem. Tomakeacopy,whentheobjectstobecopiedhavebeendesignated,twopointsneedto indicated,thebasepointandthemovepoint. Aswiththerestofthetools,aprojectionoftheseobjectswillbeshownintheviewto specifytheviewlocationthecopiedobjectsaretobeinsertedin.

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Whenthecopiedobjectsaresituatedintheirlocation,clickontheviewagaintosettheir position. Tocopyobjectsfromthecommandconsole,writethecommand"copy"whenyouhave selectedtheobjectsyouwishtocopy,inputthefirstmovepointandthenthesecondpoint. Forexample,whenthecommandandthefirstmovepointhavebeeninput(30,40),the projectionofthefigurebeingcopiedappears. Inputthesecond movepoint,(60,40intheexample),andthenewidenticalelementwill appearinthedefinedlocation.
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6.2.8.3 Symmetry
Thistoolallowsyoutomakeadrawingwhichissymmetricaltotheselectedone.Youcan accessthistoolbyclickingontheSymmetrybuttoninthetoolbar
orbygoingtotheGeometrymenubar,thentoModifyandSymmetry.
ToobtainasymmetricaldrawingingvSIG,firstlyselecttheelementandthenselectthe Symmetryoption.Then,clickonthedisplaygraphicareatoinsertthefirstsymmetryaxis point. gvSIG will then create a red projection of a figure which is symmetrical to the selectedfigure.Youcantheninputthesecondpointthesymmetryaxiswillpassthrough byclickingonthegraphicareaagain.
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Ifyouwishtorunthetoolfromthecommandline,firstlywritethecommandsymmetry. InputthefirstpointthesymmetryaxiswillpassthroughandpressEnter.Theconsolewill thenaskyoutoinputasecondpointthisaxishastopassthrough.Inputthepointand pressEnteragain. Theconsolewillaskyouifyouwishtokeepthesourceobject,writeYifyouwishtokeep itandNifyoudonot.
6.2.8.4 Rotating
Youcanusethistooltorotatetheselectedobjectsbytakingabasepointasthecentre. YoucanactivatethistoolbyclickingontheRotatebuttonintheeditiontoolbar
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orbygoingtothe"Geometry"menubar,thentoModifyandRotate.
Torotateanelement,firstplacethebasepointbyclickingonthegraphicarea.Movethe mouse,withthehelpoftheprojectionthatgvSIGusestotheeffect,untilthenewposition hasbeenestablished. Leftclickonthemouseintheviewtodefinethispoint. Ifyouwishtorotateanelementfromthecommandconsole,selecttheobjecttoberotated, writethecommandrotateandinputthefirstmovepoint.Theninputhowmuchyouwish to rotateitinsexagesimaldegrees.The object willberotated clockwise if you writea negativeangleandanticlockwiseifyouwriteapositiveangle.
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6.2.8.5 Scaling
Thiscommandcanbeusedtomodifythesizeoftheselectedobjects. SelectthistoolbyclickingontheScalebuttoninthetoolbar
orbygoingtothe"Geometry"menubarthento"Modify"andScale.
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Therearetwowaysofscaling,eitherbyindicatingascalefactororbyreference. ScalingbyScalefactor Tographicallyscaleelementsusingascalefactor,selecttheobjectswhosesizeyouwish tomodify,activatethescaletoolandsetthebasepoint.Theapplicationwillcreatean imagewhichwillgiveyouareferencepointaboutthesizeoftheobjectsyouaremodifying. As you get closer to the point you have set as the base point, the elements you are workingwithwillgetsmaller,whilstthefartherawayyoumove,thebiggertheywillget. Whentheobjectsarethedesiredsize,clickonthedrawingwindowagain. ThesamescalefactorisappliedforboththeXandYcoordinates.
To graphically scale using the "Reference" option, select the objects and activate the scalecommand,thenrightclickonthemouseinsidethegraphicareatoshowthetools contextualmenu. SelecttheReferenceoption.Indicatethepointsonthereference line andonthescale lineasthemessagesinthecommandconsoleareshown.
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Youcanalsousethescalecommandinthecommandconsole.Whenyouhaveselected theobjects tobescaled,write the commandscaleandthen inputthebasepointas showninthefollowingfigure.
Toincreasethesizeoftheobjectsyoumustinputascalefactorwhichisgreaterthan1.If youwishtoreducethesizeoftheobjects,thescalefactormustbebetween0and1.Ifno valueisinput,gvSIGwillusethescalefactor2bydefault. ScalingbyReference Ifyouwishtoscaleusingthe"Reference"option,selecttheelementsyouwishtoscale, choosethebasepoint,theninputtheletter"r"intothecommandconsoletoindicatethat scaling by reference will be used. Specify the source point and the final point of the
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referencestraightlineandtheninputthesourcepointandfinalpointofthescaleline.
6.2.8.6 MovingElements
Thistoolallowsyoutomovetheselectedobjectsfromonepointtoanotherintheviewby indicatingamovevector. Youcanusethistoolbyselectingitfromthetoolbarbyclickingonthe"Move"button
orbygoingtotheGeometrymenubar,thentoModifyand"Move".
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Ifyouwishtomoveanelement,selecttheobjectyouwishtomoveandthenactivatethe Moveoption.Clickonthegraphicareatodefinethemovepoint. gvSIGwillcreatearedprojectionoftheelementsitismovingwhichcanbeusedasa guidetopositionthemintheirnewlocation.
Whentheelementislocatedinthedesiredposition,leftclickonthemouseagaintodefine thenewposition. Tousethemovecommandfromthecommandconsole,writethecommandmove.The consolewillshowamessagerequestingamovepoint.Inputthepoint.
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Then input the second move point. Press Enter and the object will move to its new position.
6.2.8.7 Editingvertex
Thistoolallowsyoutogothroughtheverticesoftheselectedobjectseasilyandcarryout otheractions,suchasaddinganewvertexordeletingthevertexwhichisbeingedited. Toaccessthistool,clickontheEditvertexbuttoninthetoolbar.
YoucanalsoaccessthetoolbygoingtotheGeometrymenubarthentoModifyand Editvertex.
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Toedittheverticesofafigure,selectthefigureandclickontheEditvertexbuttoninthe toolbar.Aredpointerappearsinoneoftheverticesofthefigureyouareediting.
Ifyourightclickonthemouse,amenuwillappearfromwhichyoucanselecttheactions youwishtocarryout. IfyouclickontheNextoption,thecursorwillmovetothenextvertexoftheselected object.
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Youcanalsoaccessthistoolfromthecommandconsole.Todoso,writethecommand: EDITVERTEX. If,forexample,youwishtogothroughtheverticesofanelement,writethecommandand inputtheparameterS(next).Togotothepreviousvertex,writetheparameterA.To deleteavertexwritetheparameterEandpressEnter.Toadd(insert)avertex,writethe parameterIandpressEnter.TheXandYcoordinatesofthenewvertexwillthenbe requested (remember that these coordinates should belong to the polygon perimeter). InputthedataintheconsoleandpressEnter.Anewvertexwillbecreatedinthefigure.
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6.2.8.8 Internalpolygon
Thistoolallowsyoutocreateapolygonalfeatureinsideanexistingfeature. Youcanaccessthistoolbygoingtothe"Geometry"menuthento"Modify"and"Internal polygon
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orfromthefollowingtoolbarbutton:
You can create an internal polygon, either graphically or from the gvSIG command console.Ifyouwishtocreatethepolygongraphically,thepolygonelementlayermustbein editingmodeandyoumustselectthepolygononwhichyouwishtousetheselectedtool. Activatethe"Internalpolygon"toolandplacethecursorwhereyouwishtoinsertthefirst vertex.
Theninserttheverticesofthepolygonalfeatureyouwishtocreate. Whenyoudonotwishtoinsertanymorevertices,rightclickonthemouseandselect Endfromthecontextualmenuthatappears.
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Thecorrespondinginternalpolygoniscreated.
You can also use this tool from the command console. To do so, write the command internalpolygoninthecommandline. TheninputtheXandYcoordinatesofthepointswhichwillcorrespondtotheverticesof thenewpolygonalfeature.Whenyouhavefinished,writeetoclosethenewinternal polygonyouhavecreated.
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6.2.9 Drawingcommands
ThissectiondealswithgvSIGsdrawingcommands.Therestofthecommandscanmodify the elements but with the exception of the copy command, they cannot create new featuresandwethusrequiretheactualdrawingcommandstodoso. gvSIGincludesbasicdrawingelements,suchaslines,circlesorpolygons,whichcanbe usedtoobtainanycomplexdrawings. Alltheelementsyouwishtoinsertneedoneorseveralpointstobespecifiedsothatthey arecorrectlyplacedinthedrawing. Rememberthatthetoolstoinsertnewelementsvaryaccordingtothetypeoflayerbeing edited.Thus,forexample,apointcanonlybeinsertedinapointtypelayerandisnot supportedbyanyothertypeoflayer.
6.2.9.1 Point
YoucanactivatethistoolbyclickingonthePointbuttoninthetoolbar.
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YoucanalsoactivateitbygoingtotheGeometrymenubarthentoInsertandPoint.
Toinsertapoint,placethegraphiccursor(crosshairs)inthegraphicareaintheplaceyou wishtoinsertthepointandleftclickonthemouse.Thepointwillappearinthespecified position. To insert a point from the command console, write the command point. Input its coordinatesandpressEnter.Thedefinedpointwillappearinthespecifiedposition.
Youcanalsodefineapointbasedonthepreviouslyinsertedpoint.Toindicatethatyouare going to use relative coordinates, type in the @ symbol before you input them, for example,inputting@0.30<30meansyouwishtoinsertapointwhichis0,30unitsandat
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a30anglefromthepreviouspoint.
6.2.9.2 Multipoint
YoucanactivatethistoolbyclickingontheMultipointbuttoninthetoolbar
orbygoingtotheGeometrymenubarthentoInsertandMultipoint.
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Youcanusethemultipointtooltocreateadrawingmadeupofaseriesofpointswhich functionasasinglefeature(i.e.weonlyneedtoselectoneofthepointsfortheresttoalso beselected).Youneedtobearinmindthatthisisnotthusapointslayerbutamultipoint layer. Toinsertamultipointinthegraphicarea,selectthetoolandplacethecursoroverthepart ofthegraphicareayouwishtoplacethepoint.Leftclickonthemousetoinsertthepoint. Repeatthisstepasmanytimesasyouwish. Whenyouhavefinishedaddingpoints,rightclickonthemouse.Acontextualmenuwill appear.ClickonEndtofinishthenewmultipointfeature.
You can create a multipoint feature from the command console. To do so, write the commandmultipoint.Inputthecoordinatesofeachpointyouwishtoaddintheconsole andpressEnter.Tofinishtheinsertionofthenewmultipointfeature,writethecommand E.
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6.2.9.3 Line
Thiscommandallowsyoutodrawalinefeature,whichisactuallyastraightlinesegment. Thisfeatureislimitedbyitsinitialandfinalpoints.Thefinalpointmaybethestartofthe next segment. When the first point has been inserted an elastic line appears on the display.Youcanusethemousetodeterminewhereyouwishthefinalpointtogo. Aswiththerestoftheeditingtools,therearethreewaystoaccesslinecreation.Youcan gototheeditiontoolbarandclickontheLinebutton
orgototheGeometrymenubarthentoInsertandLine.
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Placethecursorinsidethegraphicareaandinsertthelineverticesinthedesiredpoints. gvSIGwillcreateaprojectionfromthelastinsertedpointtothemousepointerwhichyou canuseasareferencepointtosetthepointsinthedrawing. Youcanalsodrawalinefromthecommandconsole.Writethecommandlineandthen inputthecoordinatestodefinethepointswhichdelimitthesegmentswhichmakeupthe line. Youcanalsoinsertthesecondand/orsuccessivepointsbydefiningadistanceandan angle.Forexample,toinsertapoint1unitawayfromthepreviouspointata45angle, write1<45. Thefollowingimageshowshowathirdpointisinserted,afterinsertingthefirstandsecond points,oneunitawayfromthepreviouspointata180angle.
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6.2.9.4 Arc
YoucandrawanarcbyclickingontheArcbuttoninthetoolbar
orbygoingtotheGeometrymenubarthentoInsertandArc.
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Threepointsarerequestedtodrawanarc.Thefirstandlastpointsmarktheinitialand finalpointsofthearcandthesecondonemarksanintermediatepointthroughwhichthe hypotheticcircleofwhichthearcisapartwouldpass. Toinsertanarcfromthecommandconsole,writethecommandarc.Thethreepoints requiredtodefinethearcwillberequestedoneafteranother.
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6.2.9.5 Polyline
Thisfeaturecanbeasetofarcsand/orsegmentscombinedbytheuser.Youcandrawa polylinebyselectingthetoolfromtheeditiontoolbarandclickingonthePolylinebutton
orbygoingtotheGeometrymenubarthentoInsertandPolyline.
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Thepolylineallowsyoutoinsertstraightlinesinthegraphicarea,butthesedifferfrom standardlinesinthattheyallowyoutoinsertanarcfromthelastvertex, towhichitwill alwaysbelocatedatatangent,andendthepolylinethuscreatingapolygon. Clickonthegraphicareaintheplaceyouwishthefirstpointofthepolylinetobelocated andinsertthefollowingpointsbyleftclickingonthemouseintheplacesyouwishtolocate them. Ifyouwishtodrawanarc,rightclickonthemouseandselecttheInternalarcoptionin thecontextualmenu.
Whenthisoptionhasbeenselected,gvSIGshowsaprojectionofanarcfromthelast insertedvertextothemousepointer.
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Ifyouwishtoinsertmorelines,gobacktothecontextualmenuandselecttheInternal lineoption. Ifyouwishtoclosethefiguresothatastraightlineisdrawnfromthelastinsertedpointto thefirstpoint,selecttheClosepolylineoption. Todrawapolylinefromthecommandconsole,writethecommandpolyline.Inputthe coordinatesofthesourcepoint.Thenyoucaninsertthesecondpointorinputoneofthe parameterstodrawanarcA,orclosethepolylineC.Whenyouhaveselectedthearc option,youcandrawmorestraightlinesusingtheparameterN. Thefollowingimageshowshowthepolylinedrawsastraightlinefromthearc'slastvertex tothesource,thuscreatingaclosedfigureafterinputtingtheparameterC.
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6.2.9.6 Polygon
Thisoptionallowsyoutodrawregularpolygonswhichwillbehandledasaclosedpolyline. Asusual,therearethreewaysofactivatingthepolygoncommand. Youcanselectthistoolbygoingtothetoolbarandclickingonthe"Polygon"button.
ThesecondoptionwayofactivatingthetoolisbygoingtotheGeometrymenubarthen toInsertandPolygon.
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Tographicallyinsertapolygoninthedrawing,selectthetoolandthenclickinsidethe graphicareaontheplaceyouwhichtopositionthepolygonscentralpoint. Theapplicationwillgenerateaprojectionoftheobject.Movethemouseusingthepolygon projectionasareferencepointuntilitisthesizeyourequire,andclickonthegraphicarea onceagain. YoucantellgvSIGifyouwishthepolygonyouaredrawingtobedefinedasinscribedor circumscribedinthecircle.Bydefault,thepolygonwillbeinscribedinthecircle.Tomodify thissetting,definethecentralpointofthepolygon,rightclickonthemousetoopenthe contextualmenuandselectthedesiredoption.
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gvSIGalsoallowsyoutomodifythenumberofsidesyouwishthepolygonyouareediting tohave.Todoso,selectthepolygonobjectandinputthenumberofsidesinthecommand console.
Thethirdwaytoselectthistoolisfromthecommandconsole.Todrawapolygonfromthe commandconsole,writethecommandpolygon,specifythenumberofsidesyouwishthe polygon to have, whether it should be drawn as inscribed or circumscribed (I or C respectively),andfinallyinserttheradius,whichmustbedelimitedbyindicatingitslength intheunitsinwhichtheviewisdefined.
6.2.9.7 Rectangle
Thisallowsyoutodrawarectanglebyindicatingitsdiagonallyoppositevertices. ClickontheRectanglebuttoninthetoolbar.
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YoucanalsoselectthetoolbygoingtotheGeometrymenubarthentoInsertand Rectangle.
Tographicallydrawarectangleinthelayeryouareediting,selectthetoolandplacethe first vertex in the required position in the graphic area. The application will show a projectionoftherectangleyouaredrawing.Movethemouse,choosethepositionforthe vertexdiagonallyoppositetheoneyouhavealreadyinsertedandleftclickonthemouseto defineit.
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Toworkwiththecommandconsolewritethecommand rectangle andtheninputthe coordinatesforthefirstvertexandthediagonallyoppositevertex.
6.2.9.8 Square
A square is simply a rectangle with equal sides. To prevent possible mistakes when drawingthesquare,theapplicationallowsyoutocreateasquarebasedonarectangle andmakesithaveequalsides.Todrawasquare,firstselectRectangleandinsertthe firstvertex,thenrightclickonthemouseandclickontheSquareoption(Corner)inthe contextualmenu.
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Thefollowingfigureshowsanexampleofthecreationofasquarefromthecommand console. After the first point of the rectangle has been input, gvSIG is told to make the figure becomeasquarebyinputtingtheletterC.Youcantheninserttheoppositecorner.
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Ifyoumakeamistakeininputtingthecoordinatestheapplicationwillstilldrawasquareby calculatingthesizeoftheverticalline(Yaxis),usingthecoordinatespecifiedfortheX axis.
6.2.9.9 Circle
Thiscommanddrawsacircleinsidethegraphicarea.Youcanselectthistoolbyclicking ontheCirclebuttoninthetoolbar
orbygoingtotheGeometrymenubarthentoInsertandCircle,asshowninthefigure below.
Therearetwowaysofdefiningacircle. Thefirstoptionistodefinethecentralpointandtheradius.SelecttheCircletooland clickonthegraphicareaintheplaceyouwishtolocatethecentreofthecircleyouare drawing.Thenmovethemousetoincreasetheradiusofthecircleuntilitreachesthe requiredsize.gvSIGwill,asalways,createaprojectionofthecircleasareferencepointto showthepositionofthecircleinthedrawing. ThesecondwayofdrawingacircleingvSIGistodefineitbyusingthreepoints.
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Toaccessthisoptiontodefineacircle,firstselectthetoolandthengotothecontextual menubyrightclickingonthemouseinthegraphicarea.
Thereisonlyonecirclethatgoesthroughthreegivenpoints.Whenyouusethisoptionan elasticcircleappears.Itisdefinedbythesetwopointsandthecursoruntilwedefinethe thirdpoint,asshowninthefigurebelow.
Youcanalsodrawacirclefromthecommandconsoleusinganyofthemethodsdescribed aboveforgraphicdrawing. Write the command circle in the command console and press Enter. Insert the coordinatesofthecentralpointandthenthecoordinatesofthepointthatwillmarkthe desiredradiusorlength(usethestatusbartocheckwhetheryouareworkinginmetresor anothermeasuringunit).
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Toinsertacirclefromthecommandconsolebydefiningthreepoints,write3pwhenthe circlecommandhasbeenactivated.Whenyouusethisoptionanelasticcircleappears. Itisdefinedbythesetwopointsandthecursoruntilwedefinethethirdpoint,aswiththe caseofthegraphicdrawingofthecircle. Thefigurebelowshowshowtocreateathreepointcircle.
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6.2.9.10 Ellipse
Anellipseisdefinedbyanaxisandthelengthofthesecondaxistothecentreofthe ellipse. Thereare,asalways,threewaysofselectingtheellipsedrawingtool.Tographicallydraw anellipseyoucanclickontheEllipsebuttonintheeditiontoolbar.
ThesecondoptionisbygoingtotheGeometrymenubarthentoInsertandEllipse.
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Tographicallydrawanellipse,indicatetheinitialandfinalpointsoftheellipsesaxisbyleft clickingonthemouseinthecorrespondingplaces.Whentheinitialpointhasbeeninput anelasticlinewillbeshownwhichcanbeusedasareferencepointtomarkthefinalpoint oftheaxis.Whenithasbeensettheellipseprojectionwillbeshownuntilthethirdpoint whichmarksthedistancetotheotheraxisisdefined.
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Todrawanellipsefromthecommandconsole,writethecommand"ellipse".WhengvSIG requests the initial point of the ellipse axis, indicate the point coordinates. It will then requestthefinalpointoftheaxisandfinallythedistancetotheotheraxis.
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6.3 Alphanumericedition
Atableispartofadatabase.Itismadeupofrowsorrecordsandcolumnsorfieldswhich containthealphanumericinformationneededtocharacterisetheelements(polygons,lines orpoints)whichmakeupthethememaps,cartographyingeneralandgraphs.Therows represent elements or objects and the columns represent the variables or attributes associatedwitheachelement.
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Ingeneralterms,therearetwotypesoftables;internaltableswhicharetypicalofan informationlayerandarefoundinthesamefileandexternaltableswhichcanbeadded toagvSIGproject. Eachelement(point,lineorpolygon)ofalayeronlyhasonerecordinthatlayerstableof attributes.
6.3.1 Editingsessionforaninternaltable.

OpenaViewandaddthelayeryouwishtoworkwith. RememberthattostartanalphanumericeditingprocessingvSIG,youmustputthe layeryouareworkingwithineditingmode.Inordertodothis,selectthelayerin theToC,gototheLayermenuandselectStartedition. SelecttheSeetableofattributesbutton
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orgototheLayermenuandselectSeetableofattributes. Thetableassociatedwiththelayerwillbeautomaticallyaddedtotheproject. IfyougototheProjectManagerandselecttheTablestypeofdocument,you cancheckthatthetableshownintheviewisincludedasaseparatedocumentin theproject.
To finish the table editing session, go to the Layer menu and select Finish edition.Whenthesessionfinishesamessageappearsaskingifyouwouldliketo savethechanges.ClickonYestosaveallthechangesmadeinthetable.
6.3.2 Editingsessionforanexternaltable.

GotothegvSIGsProjectManager,andselecttheTablestypeofdocument. ClickonNew. ClickonAddandopenthetableyouwishtoedit. WhenyouclickonOpenthetableisdisplayedautomaticallyonthescreen. GototheTablemenuandselectStartedition.
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6.3.3 Editingalayerstableofattributes 6.3.3.1 Addingarecord

To add a new record to a table associated with a layer, a graphic element must be inserted.Whenanelementisaddedtotheassociatedtableanewblankrecordappears.
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EnterthedataforthenewentityandpressEnter. N.B.:Rememberthatifyouwishtodeletetheselection,youcangotothetoolbarand clickonClearselectionoryoucanusethemenubarbyclickingontheLayermenuand thenonClearselection.
N.B.:Youcancreateanewlayerwiththeelementsselectedinthetableifyouwish.Todo so,closethetable,gotothemenubarandclickontheLayeroptionandthenonExport to....Thenselecttheformatyouwishtocreatethenewlayerwith.
6.3.3.2 Modifyingarecord
Tomodifythedataofalayerelementsavedinthetable,selecttheelementwhosedata you wish to modify. The record that corresponds to the selected graphic element is highlightedinyellowinthetableofattributes.
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Leftclickonthecellinwhichtherecordtobemodifiedislocated. Therecordchangesandacursorappearstoindicatethatthedatacanbeinput.
6.3.3.3 Removingarecord
Toremovearecordfromthetable,youmustfirstselecttherecord.
GototheTablemenuandselectRemoverow.
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The selected record is deleted from the table and the associated graphic element disappearsfromtheview.
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6.3.4 Managingfields
Thistoolallowsyoutoadd,deleteorrenamefields. Toaccessthistool,gototheTablemenuandselectManagefields.
Whenthemenuoptionisselected,awindowappearsinwhichthefieldsoftheselected table and the buttons to create a new field or delete or rename an existing field are included.
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IfyouclickonNewfield,anewwindowappearsinwhichsomeofthepropertiesofthe newfieldtobeaddedtothetablecanbeconfigured.
Fieldname:Enterthenameofthenewfield. Type:Ifyouclickonthearrowontheright,apulldownmenuappearsinwhichthe typeoffielddata(string,double...)canbeconfigured. Length:Indicatetherequiredlengthofthefield.
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Precision:Indicatesthenumberofdecimalsanumericalfieldmusthave(onlyfor numericaltypefields). Default value: Indicates the default value for the field when no specific value is definedinthetable.
Ifyouwishtousethedeletetool(Deletefield)andtherenamingtool(Renamefield), simplyselectthefieldtobemodifiedandclickonthecorrespondingbutton.
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7 Geoprocessingtools
7.1 Introduction
ThegvSIGgeoprocessingextensionallowsyoutoapplyaseriesofstandardprocessesto thevectorinformationlayersloadedinthelayertreeinagvSIGview(ToC),thuscreating newvectorinformationlayerswhichwillprovidenewinformationforthesourcelayers. The following geoprocesses have been implemented in the first version of the geoprocessingextension:

Buffer. Clip. Dissolve(byadjacentsandalphanumericalcriteria). Merge. Intersection. Join. SpatialJoin. ConvexHull(minimumconvexpolygon). Difference.
TheoutputlayercantakeoneoftheoutputformatssupportedbygvSIG(itcanonlybe savedinshpformatatthemoment). Tostartthegeoprocesswizard,clickonthe"Geoprocesses"iconinthetoolbar
orgotothemenubarandselecttheViewoption,thenGeoprocesstoolbox.
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Thegeoprocesstoolboxwindowwillappear.
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Ifyouclickoneachofthetreenodes,thedifferentgeoprocesseswilldropdown.
Whenageoprocesshasbeenselected,adescriptionoftheprocesswillbeshownonthe righthandsideandthe"OpenGeoprocess"buttonwillbeenabled.
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Whenyoufindthegeoprocessyouwishtorun,selectitinthegeoprocesstreeandclickon theOpengeoprocessbutton.
7.2 Accessingthegeoprocesses
You can run the geoprocesses available in gvSIG with the geoprocessing wizard by clickingonthefollowingtoolbarbutton:
TheGeoprocesstoolboxwillappearandyoucanuseittoselectthegeoprocessyou require. To access the different geoprocesses, pull down the tree in the window shown below (doubleclickwiththeleftbuttonofthemouseonthe"Geoprocesses"folderandtherestof thefolderswillappear).
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Whenyouhavefoundthegeoprocessyouwishtouse,clickontheOpengeoprocess button.
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7.3 Buffer
7.3.1 Introduction
This geoprocess generates areas of influence around the vector element geometries (points,linesandpolygons)ofaninputlayer,thuscreatinganewpolygonvectorlayer. Severalequidistantconcentricradialringscanbegeneratedaroundtheinputgeometries. Moreover,inthecaseofpolygoninputgeometries,theareaofinfluencecanbeoutsidethe polygon,insidethepolygonorbothinsideandoutsideit. Someexamplesofthecreationofareasofinfluenceinclude:

Whichurbanareaslackschoolsina1000mradius. Whichwellsdonotcomplywithregulationsonobservingtheminimumdistance betweentwoconsecutivewells. Riverbedfloodzonestomonitorfloodrisks.
7.3.2 Creatinganareaofinfluenceorbuffer
WhenyouclickontheGeoprocessingwizardbutton,thefollowingdialogueappears:
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IfyouselectBufferandclickontheOpengeoprocessbutton,thewindowassociated withthisprocessisshown:
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Theformisdividedintothefollowingparts:
Selectingtheelementswhosebufferistobecomputed. Thisisapulldownlist inwhichyoucanselectthevectorlayerthecalculationistobeappliedto.Ifyou wish, you can enable the Use selected features only check box so that the processonlycomputesthebufferoftheelementscurrentlyselectedinthespecified layer.
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Inputtingthefeaturesofthebuffertobecomputed.Youcanchoosetoinputthe bufferdefinedbydistance(inthefirsttextbox)ortoinputafieldintheinputlayer, fromwhichthebufferradiusvaluetobeappliedwillbetaken.Thissecondoption allowsyoutoapplydifferentbufferradiitodifferentvectorelements(whilstthefirst optionappliesthesameradiustoalltheelementsintheinputlayer). Whenthebufferofalltheinputlayerelementshasbeengenerated,theDissolve featuresoptionallowsyoutomergetheelementswhosegeometriestoucheach otherinaseconditeration. TheRectangleendcap"optionallowsyoutogeneratebufferswithperpendicular edges(notrounded).
Selectingthenumberofconcentricbuffersandtheirsituationregardingthe originalgeometry.ThegvSIGBuffergeoprocessallowsyoutogenerateseveral equidistantareasofinfluenceoftheoriginalgeometry(forexample,ifthebuffer distancetobeappliedis200mandyouchoosetogeneratetwoconcentricradial rings,thebufferdistanceofthesecondringwillbebetween200400m.Currently, you can only generate a maximum of three concentric radial buffer rings for efficiencyreasons. Ifthevectorlayerweareworkingonisapolygonlayer,theCreateBufferoption willbeenabled,thusallowingtheusertogeneratebuffersoutside,insideandboth insideandoutsidetheoriginalpolygon.
Introducing the result layer characteristics. Currently, the result of running a geoprocesscanonlybesavedasanshpfile.Thus,gvSIGallowsyoutoselectan existing shp file to overwrite it or to specify a new one. As new formats are supported to save the result of the geoprocesses, wizards will be provided to
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indicatethecharacteristicsoftheseformats.
Whenyouhaveinputallthenecessaryinformationtocomputethebuffer,andclickedon the Ok button, a check routine is carried out to ensure that the information input is correct:whethertheradiusdistanceisnumerical,whethertheattribute fromwhich the bufferradiiaretakenarenumerical,whetheraresultfilehasbeeninput,etc.Ifthecheck routineisnotcorrect,adialogueboxappearssothattheinputdatacanbecorrected. Iftheinputinformationthatyouhaveenterediscorrect,awindowwithaprogressbar appears,inwhichthebufferprocessingrateisshown.
The process can be cancelled at any time by clicking on the Cancel button. As a consequence,theresultfileandanyotherintermediateproductgeneratedasaresultof runningtheprocessaredeleted. Whilstthebuffercomputingprocessisunderway,othertaskscanbecarriedout,suchas changingthezoomoraddingnewlayerstothelayertreeinthegvSIGview.Othertasks canbecarriedoutbecauseallthegeoprocessingextensiongeoprocessesarerunin thebackground. Whentheprocesshasfinished,thenewresultlayerisaddedtothelayertreeintheactive view.Itismadeupofbufferpolygonswithaspecifiedradiusbasedonthesourcelayer.
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Finally,theDissolveelementsoptioncanbeusefulinspecificsituations(suchaswhen theaimofcomputingthebufferpolygonsistodeterminethetotalsurfaceareaaffectedby a phenomenon: quarantine areas, etc.), because when the generated polygons are mergedthesurfaceareacoveredbythebufferwillbearealsurfacearea,i.e.thesumof twobufferswillnothaveanyoverlays.
Theaboveimageshowsnonmergedoverlaypolygons. Thetotalareacoveredbythe phenomenondoesnotcoincidewiththesumoftheindividualareas.
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However,thissecondimageshowsmergedoverlaypolygons.Thetotalareacoveredby thephenomenonisreal. Whenthebuffercomputingprocessincludesthemergerofoverlayareas(dissolve)we cannotpredictitsexactduration(wedonotknowhowmanypolygonswilltoucheachother apriori).ThisiswhythegvSIGgeoprocessingextensiondoesnotshowusaprogressbar assuch,itshowsusabarwhichperiodicallyreachestheendandthengoesbacktothe beginning.Thistypeofprocessiscalledanindeterminateprocess.
7.4 Clipping
7.4.1 Introduction
Thisgeoprocessallowsyoutolimittheworkingareaofavectorlayer(points,linesor polygons),andtoextractanareaofinterestfromit.
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To do so, you need an input layer (the layer you will use to extract an area) and a clippinglayersothattheunionofthegeometriesincludedinthe"clippinglayer"defines theworkingarea. Thegeoprocesschecksallthevectorelementsintheinputlayerandwillcalculatethe intersectionsforthevectorelementscontainedintheworkingareadefinedbytheclipping layer,sothatinthe"resultlayer"onlythevectorelementsofourworkingareawillappear. Thegeometryportionthatliesoutsidetheworkingareawillbeclipped. Thealphanumericschemaoftheinputlayerremainsintact. Examplesofuse:
SettingupalocalGISwouldallowyoutoincludenationalorregionalmapsand thentodelimitthecityortownastheworkingarea.
7.4.2 Clipping
Whenthe"Clip"geoprocesshasbeenselected,thefollowingdialogueappears.
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Thisdialogueallowsyoutoselectwhichlayeryouwishtoclip,andgivesyouthechanceto onlycliptheelementswhichareselectedinthelayer. Itallowsyoutoselectwhichlayerwillbeusedastheclippinglayerandwhetheryouwish tousetheunionofallthepolygonsintheclippinglayerastheclippingpolygonorjustthe selectedelements. Finally,asinthecaseoftheothergeoprocessesingvSIG'sgeoprocessingextension,you candefinehowtheresultlayerwillbesaved(atpresentyoucanonlysaveitasashpfile).
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As a result of running the geoprocess, you will have a new layer in which only the geometrieswhichcameundertheunionoftheclippinggeometrieshavebeenkept.
7.5 Dissolve
7.5.1 Introduction
Thisgeoprocessonlyactsononeinputlayerwhosegeometrymustbeapolygontype. Theprocessanalyseseachpolygoninthe"inputlayer"andmergesthepolygonsthathave anidenticalvalueforaspecificfieldintoonepolygon.Moreover,itallowsyoutoinvolve spatialcriteriainthedecisiontomergeseveralpolygons.Thisallowsyoutoestablishthat fortwopolygonstobemerged,theymustbeadjacenttoeachotherinadditiontohaving thesamevalueinthespecifiedattribute.
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Example:
We have a polygon layer which represents the municipalities of a particular autonomousregionandweneedapolygonlayerwiththeprovinceswhichmakeup this region. We can generate a province layer by launching the Dissolve geoprocess and specifying that the polygons that have the same value for the "PROV"fieldinwhichauniquecodefortheprovinceisspecifiedaremerged.
7.5.2 RunningtheDissolvegeoprocess
Usingthepreviousexample,westartbytakinga"locallayer"whichwewishtoconvertinto a"provinciallayer".
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Whenthe"Dissolve"geoprocesshasbeenselected,thefollowingwindowappears:
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Firstly,selectthelayeryouwishtodissolve(youcanonlyworkwithaselectionofelements inthislayer).
Youthenneedtospecifytheattributeofthislayerwhichisgoingtobeusedasthecriterion tomergetheadjacentpolygons.Inourexample,wemustchoosethePROVattribute.
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Thepolygonstobemergedmusthavethesamevalueforthedissolvingattributeandin addition,youcanchoosewhethertheyareadjacenttoeachother(spatialcriteria).Ifyou wishtochoosethisoption,enablethe"Onlydissolveadjacents"checkbox. The gvSIG geoprocessing module allows you to keep a summary of the input layer polygonattributesoncetheyhavebeenmerged.Todoso,theSummaryfunctionconcept isintroduced.AseachpolygonoftheDissolvegeoprocessresultlayeristheproductof joiningseveralinputlayerpolygons,asummaryfunctiononthenumericalattributesofthe mergedpolygonscanbeapplied.
Ifyouclickonthebuttonwiththe"<"icon,adialoguewillbeshowninwhichyoucan chooseoneofseveralsummaryfunctionsforaselectedattribute.
Thesummaryfunctionssupportedaremaximum,minimum,averageandsummatory.A field wll be included in the result layer for each summary function selected for the
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numericalattributesyouhaveselectedasummaryfunctionfor. Whenyouhavespecifiedthefieldyouwishtomergeandthenumericalattributesyou wishtoobtainasummaryvalueforintheresultlayer,youarereadytorunthegeoprocess.
7.6 Merge
7.6.1 Introduction
Thisgeoprocessactsononeorseverallayers,generatinganewlayerwhichjoinsallthe geometriesintheinputlayer.The"resultlayer"ofthisgeoprocesswillkeeptheattributes ofthe"inputlayer"specifiedbytheuser.Fortherestofthelayerswhichhavenotbeen selected,theattributeswhosenameandtypeofdatacoincidewithanyoftheattributesin theselectedlayerwillbekept.
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Example:
Whenacartographicseriesarriveswhichisseparatedintosheetsandyouwishto jointhecontentofthedifferentsheetsinonelayer.ThisisthecaseoftheMagna seriesofsheets,publishedbytheSpanishTechnologicalandGeominingInstitute (ITGME).
7.6.2 RunningtheMergegeoprocess
IfyouselecttheMergegeoprocess,thefollowingdialogueappears:
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ThegeoprocessallowsanyofthelayersloadedinthelayertreeinthegvSIGactiveview asaninputlayer. Toruntheprocess,firstselectthelayersyouwishtomergeinthe"Inputlayers"textbox. Then,clickonthe"Selectbutton.Anewwindowwillopeninwhichyoucangivethenew layerfileanameorchooseatargetfile.
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Click on the "Save" button when you have finished and gvSIG will return you to the geoprocesswindow. Clickonthe"Ok"button.Thiswillstartthegeoprocess.
Anewlayerwillbecreatedattheendoftheprocesswhichwillbeaddedtotheview.
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However,intheexampleofthesheetsinacartographicseries,itwouldbeawkwardto loadallthepagesintheseriesonebyone.Thus,thereisanextraoptiontoselecta directoryandtoaddallthelayerfiles(withextensionssupportedbygvSIG)containedin thisdirectorytothegeoprocessinputlayerlist.Theonlylayerfilescurrentlysupportedare shpformatfiles. IfyouclickontheFolderwithfiles...buttonandselectadirectory,alistofthelayerfiles containedinitareshownandcanbeselectedaspartofthegeoprocessinputlayers.
Untilyouselectatleastonelayertomergewithoneofthetwopossiblelists(thelayerlist inthegvSIGlayertreeandthelayerlistcontainedinthespecifieddirectory),nolayerwill beshowninthepulldownlist.Thislistallowsyoutoselectwhichlayerisgoingtodefine theattributesoftheresultlayersattributes.
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Whenyouselectthelayerstomergeinoneofthetwolists,thelayerwhoseattributeswe wishtheresultlayertohaveandwhenyouhavespecifiedthefileyouwishtosavethe resultlayerin,youcanrunthegeoprocess.Aninitialrequirementisthatallthegeoprocess inputlayershavethesametypeofgeometries.
Theresultwillbeanewlayerwithalltheinputlayergeometries.
7.7 Convexhull
7.7.1 Introduction
This geoprocess calculates the Convex hull, or the smallest convex polygon which surroundsallthevectorelementsinaninputlayer. Itonlyworkswithaninputlayerwhosegeometrytypecanbeanytype(point,lineor polygon). Therearedifferenttypesofapplicationsforthisgeoprocess:
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Determiningthecoverageareaforaspecificgeographicalphenomenon. Calculatingthediameteroftheareacoveredbyaseriesofgeometries,etc.
7.7.2 Creatingaconvexhull
IfyouselecttheConvexhullgeoprocess,thefollowingdialogueappears:
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AfterselectingthelayerwhoseConvexHullyouwishtocalculateandspecifyinganshp resultfile,youcanrunthegeoprocessandgenerateanewresultlayer.
Thefollowingimageshowstheconvexhullcreatedwhichsurroundsallthepointsinthe inputlayer.
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7.8 Intersection
7.8.1 Introduction
Thisgeoprocessoperatesontwolayers,theinputlayerandtheoverlaylayer,whose geometriesmustbepolygons.
Itcalculatestheintersectionwiththedifferentgeometriesintheoverlaylayerforeach geometry in the input layer, thus creating a new element for each intersection. This elementwilltakeallthealphanumericalattributesinthegeometriesthatcreatedit(input and overlay). This is why (it models space areas which comply with the condition of belongingtothetwopolygonsthatcreatedit)thisgeoprocessisknownasSpatialAND" operator.
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Anexampleofhowthisgeoprocesscanbeapplied:
Givenalanduselayer(e.g.Corine2000),andanationalgeologicalmaplayer,you can obtain a polygon layer with homogeneous information on land use and geologicalmaterial.
7.8.2 RunningtheIntersectiongeoprocess
Afterselectingthe"Intersection"geoprocess,thefollowingdialogueappears:
Selecttheinputlayerandtheoverlaylayer.Youmustalsospecifyafileinwhichtosave theresults.Finally,clickon"Ok"andthegeoprocesswillberun.
Inthiscase,wewilluseaverysimpleexampletobetterunderstandthefunctionofthe
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geoprocess.Thepreviousfigureshowstwooverlayingpolygons.Theresultoflaunching theIntersectiongeoprocesswiththeselayersasparametersisasfollows:
7.9 Difference
7.9.1 Introduction
The Difference geoprocess works with two layers, the input layer and the overlay layer.ItisknownasSpatialNOTandallowsyoutoobtaintheareasinalayerwhichare notpresentintheotherlayer. Thegeometriesinboththeinputlayerandtheoverlaylayer"mustbepolygons.The alphanumericalschemaoftheinputlayerwillremainintactinthe"resultlayer",asinthe enditgivesmoreinformationaboutit.
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Thisgeoprocessisveryusefulinnumeroussituations.Forexample,itcanbeusedto complementthe"Clip"geoprocess.IfClipallowsyoutoexcludeeverythingthatdoesnot belong to a geographical area under study, "Difference" allows you to do exactly the opposite;excludeaspecificareafromourworkinglayer. Ausefulexample:
Transferringterritorialjurisdictionbetweendifferentgoverningbodies. Thus,ifthe national government transfers certain jurisdiction to a regional authority, it can decidetoexcludethegeographicalareaofthetransferinquestionfromitsdata bases.
7.9.2 RunningtheDifferencegeoprocess
ClickontheOpenGeoprocessbuttontoaccessthedialoguewindowwhichallowsyouto
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runthe"Difference"geoprocess.
Youcanenabletheselectedfeaturescheckboxesatthispointofthegeoprocessforthe inputlayerandtheoverlaylayer.IfyouclickontheOkbutton,thegeoprocesswillberun.
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Inthefollowingimage,theDifferencegeometryappearsinblackbetweenafloodzone andoneoftheselectedcitiesortowns. Inthiscase,thenewlayerresultingfromthecalculationofthedifferencewilltakethe schema(alphanumericalattributes)ofthegeoprocessinputlayer.
7.10 Union
7.10.1 Introduction
ThisgeoprocessissimilartotheIntersectionand"Difference"geoprocessesinthatit operates on two polygon layers to obtain their intersections (this is why these three geoprocessesareknownasoverlaygeoprocesses).
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The"Union"geoprocessisknownas"SpatialOR",becausetheresultlayerismadeupof thegeometrieswhichappearinthetwolayers(intersectionsbetweenthepolygons),plus thegeometrieswhichonlyappearinoneofthetwoassociatedlayers.Thismeansthatthe geoprocesscarriesoutthreeanalyses:thefirsttimeitcalculatestheintersectionofboth layers,thesecondtimeitcalculatesdifferencesbetweenthefirstlayerandthesecond, andthethirdtimeitcalculatesthedifferencesbetweenthesecondlayerandthefirst. Thisgeoprocessmaybeofinterestifyouwishtogeneratenewlayerswhichshowthe occurrence of two phenomena so that the occurrence of one of the two or of both is highlighted.
7.10.2 Runningthe"Union"geoprocess
IfyouselecttheUnionoption,thefollowingdialogueappears:
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Whenyouhaveselectedtheinputlayer,thecliplayerandanoutputlayer,clickon"Ok".
Theresultlayerwillhavealltheintersectionsanddifferencesbetweenthetwolayers.If youclickontheInformationbuttonandthenonthedifferentpolygonsintheresultlayer, youwillseethattheintersectionshavealltheattributes,whilstthedifferencesonlyhave
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theattributesofthelayerthatcreatedthem.
7.11 SpatialJoin
7.11.1 Introduction
Thisgeoprocessallowsyoutotransfertheattributesofonelayertoanotherbasedona commonelement.Incontrasttothejoinsqloperatorintherelationaldatabases,inthis case,thecommonelementisnotthatafieldofthetwotablestakesthesamevalue,but thattherelatedelementsinthetwolayersmeetsomespatialcriteria.
TheSpatialjoingeoprocessallowsyoutofollowtwotypesofspatialcriteriatoestablish thespatiallink:
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Nearestneighbour(1>1relationship).Thisassignstheattributesofthenearest elementintherelatedlayertoanelementinthesourcelayer.Ifthenearestelement intersects(orinthecaseofpolygonsisContainedin)withthesourceelement,the algorithmwilltakethefirstelementanalysedinthepossibleintersections. Containedin(1>Mrelationship).Thisrelatesanelementinthesourcelayerwith severalelementsinthedestinationlayer(inparticular,withthosethatintersect).In this case, the source layer will not inherit the related layers attributes, but the operationwillbeverysimilartothe"Dissolve"geoprocess.Theusercanchoose oneorseveralsummaryfunctions(average,minimum,maximum,summatory)tobe appliedonthenumericalattributesoftherelatedlayerfortheMelementsrelatedto anelementinthesourcelayer.
7.11.2 RunningaSpatialJoin
Whenyouhaveselectedthe"Spatialjoin"option,thefollowingwindowappears:
Thiswindowispracticallythesameasthewindowsintheoverlaygeoprocesses(Union, Difference,Intersection)withonedifference.Itallowsyoutochoosewhetheryouwantto run a 11 relationship (using the nearest neighbour spatial criterion) or run a 1N relationship(usingtheIntersectorContainedinspatialcriterion).Thechoicecanbe
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madebyenablingordisablingthe"Usenearestgeometry"checkbox. Ifwhenyouhaveselectedthesourcelayerandthelayertoberelated,thegeoprocessis launchedandyouhavenotenabledthe"Usenearestgeometry"checkbox,awindow appears in which you can select the summary functions you wish to apply for each numericalattributeofthelayertoberelated:
ThesummaryfunctionsarethesameasintheDissolvegeoprocess:
Thus, the attributes transferred to the source layer will be the result of the summary functionsselectedforeachnumericalfield.IfyourunthegeoprocessandtheUsenearest geometryoptionisenabled,thiswindowdoesnotappear.
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8 Maps
Maptypedocumentsallowyoutodesignandcombinealltheelementsyouwishtohave onaprintedmap.
8.1 Accessingmaps
YoucanaccessMaptypedocumentsviagvSIG's"Projectmanager".
ClickonNewtocreateanewmap. Whenyouhavecreatedthedocument(itwillappearbydefaultasUntitled0),youwill beabletoinsertelements,renamethemap,deleteitoraccessitspropertiesandmodify
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them.Whenthemapisopen,itwillappearingvSIGasshownbelow:
8.2 Mapproperties
YoucanaccessthemappropertieswindowfromtheProjectmanagerbyclickingonthe PropertiesbuttonorfromtheviewbygoingtotheMapmenuandthentoProperties.
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Youcanusethepropertieswindowtorenamethemap,changeitscreationdate,addan ownerandcomments. Youcanselectsomedefaultcharacteristicsbyactivatingthecorrespondingcheckboxes:
Activegrid:Activatingthegridmeansthatanyelementinsertedinthemapwillbe adjustedtothegrid.RememberthefollowingtwopointsifyouenableActivegrid: 1. Thehorizontaland verticalgrid spacing definesthe distance betweenthe differentpointswhichmakeupthegrid.Thiscanbemodifiedbyinserting newvaluesinthetextboxes. 2. Outputsizeofthechosendocument(A2,A3,A4,...).Thezoomtoolsmay needtobeusedtobeabletoviewthegridwhenyouopenthedocument.
Visualisegrid:Ifthisboxisdisabled,thegridwillnotbeviewedwhenyouopenthe newlycreateddocument. Enableruler:Byenablingthischeckboxarulerappearswhichcanbeusedasa drawingaid.
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Editable:Ifyoudonotenablethisoption,theobjectsthatmakeupthemapwillbe blocked,thuspreventingmodifications.
8.3 Preparingapage
Youcanusethistooltodefinetheworkingarea,i.e.thesizeandpropertiesofthepageto beusedforthemaplayout. YoucanaccessthistoolbyclickingontheConfigurepagebuttoninthetoolbarorfrom themenubarbyselectingtheMapoptionandthenPreparepage.
Whenyouhaveselectedthetoolanewwindowwillappear:
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Pagesize:Thepulldownmenuallowsyoutodefinethesourceandsizeofthe papertobeusedtoprintthemap.Youcanselectastandardsizeordefineyour own. Measuringunits:YoucanselecttheunitsofmeasurementforthepageHeightand Width. Orientation:Thisdefineswhetherthepaperwillbeprintedhorizontallyorvertically. Margins:Thisallowsyoutodefinethepagesfourmargins.Therulerisadjustedto fitinwiththepagemargins. Resolution of the result: You can choose between high, low and normal resolution.
Whenyouhavefinishedconfiguringthepage,clickontheOkbutton.
8.4 Insertingelementsinamap
gvSIGcanbeusedtoaddthefollowingcartographicelementstoamap:

Views Images Scalebars Legends Graphicobjects North Texts Boxes
ManyofthesecartographicelementsarecloselylinkedtotheViewdocument,sothat when changes are made in the view, they are shown in the map (changes in zooms, panning,legendmodifications,layerorganisation,etc.). YoucanaccessthedifferentoptionsfromthetoolbarorbygoingtotheMapmenuand thentoInsert.
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8.4.1 View
YoucaninsertaviewinthemapbyclickingontheInsertViewbuttoninthetoolbar. Placethemousepointerononeofthevertexesoftherectanglewhichdefinetheview area,leftclickanddragthepointertotheoppositevertexanddrop. Adialogueboxappearsinwhichyoucandefinetheviewtypeelementpropertiesyou havejustinserted.
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View:Youcanusethetextboxtoselecttheviewyouwishtoinsert,ifthereismore thanone. Activelink:Ifthischeckboxisenabled,anychangesmadeintheview(changing colour,addingalayer)willbeshowninthemap.Rememberthatscalechanges willnotbeaffectedbythischeckbox,becausethesemodificationsareregulatedby thescalepulldownmenuwhichappearsbelow. Scale:Selectoneofthefollowingthreescaletypes:
Automatic: If this option is chosen, any scale change made in the view will automaticallybeshownonthemap. Keepvisualisationscale:Inthiscase,althoughyouchangetheviewframeinthe map,thelayerassociatedwiththeviewwillnotresizeitselfandwillkeepthe samesizeithasintheview. Userdefined:Thisoptionallowsyoutodefineaspecificscale. Quality:Thisdefinesthevisualisation,aseitherpresentationordraftquality. Degrees: This allows you to specify a degree of rotation when the view is insertedinthemap.Thisoptionalsoappearsintherestoftheelementsthatcan beinserted:images,scales,legendsandtexts.
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8.4.2 Legend
ThelegendrepresentsthevisiblelayersoftheToCintheselectedview.Ifalegendis inserted,itisaddedinthesameorderasitappearsintheToC.
Intheviewframe,selecttheviewthelegendisassociatedwith.Theorderinwhichthe legendsintheToCwillbeaddedappearsinthepanelontheright.
8.4.3 Scale
Thistoolallowsyoutoinsertascale(associatedwiththeview)inthemap. Thescalebardialogueboxisshownbelow:
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3. Viewframe:Selecttheview,ifthereismorethanone,theinsertedscaleisrelated to. 4. Bar:Selectthetypeofscaleyouwishtoinsert(numericorgraphic).Byclickingon thepulldownmenu,youcanseethedifferentoptionswithwhichthescaletobe insertedinthemapcanbeshown.
Intervals: Select the number of intervals, what each one represents and the numberofdivisionstotheleftofthe0thatyourequireintheinterval. Scale:Youcanusethissectiontomakethenumericscaleappearabovethebar.
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Units:Thisdefinesthegraphicscaleunitsofmeasurement(metres,Km.,etc.). Labels:Youcanusethisboxtoselectthelabelcolour,fontandlocation(numeric scale,units).
8.4.4 Northsymbol
IfyouclickontheInsertNorthbuttoninthetoolbar,youcaninsertaNorthsymbolin themap.Placethemousepointerononeofthevertexesoftherectanglewhichdefinethe space to be occupied by the symbol, left click, then drag the pointer to the opposite vertexesanddrop.Adialogue boxappearsin whichyoucanchoose betweenseveral defaultNorthsymbols.
Youcanaddnewsymbolsbycopyingtheminthefolder: bin/gvSIG/extensiones/com.iver.cit.gvsig/northimages
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ofthefolderyouhaveinstalledgvSIGin. TheacceptableformatforNorthsymbolsisSVG(ScalableVectorGraphics). ToaddanewNorthsymbolyouwillneedtouseanexternalapplication(suchasInkscape http://www.inkscape.org).Moreover,inordertoensurethatthenewNorthsymbolwillbe correctly processed by gvSIG, it is better to base it on one of the default symbols suggestedbygvSIG.
8.4.5 Box
gvSIGhasatoolwhichallowsyoutoinsertaboxinthemap. Ifyouwishtoinsertabox,selectthefollowingbuttonfromthetoolbar:
Leftclickonthemapareayouwishtoinserttheobjectinanddragittocreateaframe whichwilldefinethefutureboxsize. Whenyoudropit,awindowwillautomaticallyappearforyoutodefinesomeofthebox properties.
8.4.6 Image
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Youcanusethistooltoinsertanimageinthemap.Youcanaccessthistoolbyclickingon theInsertimagebuttonorbygoingtotheMapmenubar,thentoInsertandthento Image. Ifyouactivatethistoolandcreatetheframetoinserttheimageonthemap(similarto Insertview),thefollowingdialogueboxwillappear:
IfyouclickontheBrowsebutton,youcanselectthefilepathoftheimagetobeinserted. Youcaninsertanimageinanyofthefollowingformats:jpeg,jpg,gif,pngandbmp. FromgvSIGversion0.4onwards,youcanaddvectorfilesinSVGformattothemap.
8.4.7 Texts
Texts,whichcanalsobeinsertedbyclickingonthecorrespondingbuttoninthetoolbaror byselectingMapsthenInsertandthenText,aredefinedinthefollowingdialoguebox.
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Youcanwritethetextyouwishtoappearinthemapinthetextbox. Align: This can be used to select the alignment type (left, centred or right respectively). Font:Thiscanbeusedtoselectthefonttype.Youcanalsosetthefontsizeby activatingthecorrespondingcheckboxandspecifyingtherequiredsizeinthetext box. Degrees:Thisdefinesthetextslope,fromthehorizontalaxis. Frame:Thisallowsyoutodefineaborderaroundthetextyouareusing. Textfieldtitle:Youcanalsodefineatitleforthecorrespondingborder.
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8.4.8 Graphics
Youcaninsertthefollowingtypesofgraphicelements:

Points Rectangles Circles Lines Polylines Polygons
AlltheseelementscanbeinsertedbygoingtoInsertintheMapmenuorbyclickingon thecorrespondingbuttoninthetoolbar.
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Ifyouwishtoinsertagraphicelement,leftclickonthemapintheplaceyouwishthe graphicelementtobeinsertedin.
8.4.8.1 Editinggraphicelementsinamap
Whenyouhaveinsertedagraphicelement,youcanedititsvertexes. Youcanaccessthistoolbygoingtothe"Map"menu,thento"Edit"andthentoEdit vertexesorfromthefollowingtoolbarbutton.
Ifyouwishtoeditavertexinagraphicelement,selecttheelementfromthemapandgoto thetool.
8.5 Undoing/Redoing
Thesetoolsallowyoutoundoactionsyouhavetakenonthemaporredotheactionsyou havepreviouslyundone. YoucanaccessthesetoolsbyclickingontheUndo(leftfacingarrow)orRedo(right facingarrow)buttons
orbygoingtothemenubarandselectingtheMapoption. Youcanalsoundoseveralactionsbyusingthecommandstack.Thistoolallowsyouto viewtheactionsyouhavecarriedoutonthemapanddecidewhichpointyouwishto continueworkingfrom.Theadvantageofthistoolisthatyoucanundoorredoseveral actionsatthesametime.However,youcannotundoaspecificaction,i.e.ifyoutakesix actions,youcannotundojustthefourthone.Thesixthandthefifthactionwillalsobe undone. Youcanalsoaccessthistoolbyclickingonthecommandstackbuttoninthetoolbar
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orbygoingtotheMapmenubarandthentoCommandstack.
8.6 Deletingaselection
You can delete any of the elements selected in the Map by clicking on the Delete selectionbuttoninthetoolbar.
8.7 Toolsfornavigatinginamap
Youcanusethesetoolstomovearoundandzoominandoutofthemapspage.
YoucanaccessthetoolfromthetoolbarorbygoingtotheMapmenuandthento Navigation.

Zoomin:Thisallowsyoutozoomintothepage. Zoomout:Thisallowsyoutozoomoutofthepage. Panning(Frame):Thisallowsyoutomovethemappage. Fullextent:Thiscarriesoutafullzoomofthepage. Scale1:1zoom:Thiscarriesoutarealsizezoomoftheconfiguredpage. Zoomin:Thiszoomsintothecentreofthepage.
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Zoomout:Thiszoomsawayfromthecentreofthepage.
8.8 Toolsfornavigatinginaview
YoucanusethesetoolstonavigateinaninsertedviewasthoughyouwereinaView typedocument.Thisallowsyoutodefinetheexactareayouwishtheviewinyourmapto appearinwithouthavingtochangedocuments. Youcanaccessthedifferentoptionsbyclickingonthefollowingbuttonsinthetoolbar
orbygoingtothe"Map"menuandthento"Navigatinginaview". N.B.:Rememberthattheinsertedviewmustbeselectedinthemapforthetoolstobe activated.
Fullextentoftheview:Thiszoomstothefullareawhichdefinesthethemesin theview. Zoomintotheview:Thisenlargesaparticularareaoftheview. Zoomoutoftheview:Thisdecreasesaparticularareaintheview. Panning:Thisallowsyoutomovearoundtheview.
8.9 Operationswithgraphics
gvSIGcanbeusedtocarryoutawholerangeofoperationstopreparethelayoutofyour map. Youcanaccessthesetoolsbygoingtothe"Map"menuthentoGraphicsorbygoingto thetoolbar.
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TheGraphicsmenucanbeusedforthefollowing:

Properties Align Group/Ungroup Simplifythelegend Bringtofrontandsendtoback Sizeandposition Graphicline(tocreateframes)
8.9.1 Mapinsertedelementproperties
Whentheelementshavebeeninsertedinamap,youcanaccessitsproperties.
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Selecttheelement.Rightclicktoshowitscontextualmenuandselect"Properties".
8.9.2 Aligning
YoucanaccessthistoolbygoingtotheMapmenu,thentoGraphicsandtoAlign. Thistoolcanbeusedtomodifythealignment,distributionandsizeofthemapelements selected.
Inthelayout: Ifthisbuttonisenabled,thetoolsinthe"Align"menuwillusethe map limits as a reference. If it is disabled, the selection will be used as the
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reference.
Alignment:Thetoolsinthissectionallowyoutoaligntheselectedgraphics(place aseriesofobjectsonthesameaxis)accordingtoyourneeds(left,horizontally centred,right,top,verticallycentredandbottom). Distribution: This allows you to space out objects at equal distances over a specificarea. Matchsize:Thisallowsyoutomodifythesizeofaselectedobject,usinganother objectasareference.Theadjustmentsaremadebasedonthelargestobjectinthe selection. Theobjectsizescanbemadetocoincideinwidth,heightorboth. Space:Thisallowstheselectedelementstobespatiallydistributed. If,forexample,youdecidetospatiallydistributetwoselectedelementsinthemap (using the active "In the layout" button), the objects will be moved to the same distance from the maps left and righthand marginswhen you click on the first option. Ifweclickonthesecondbutton,theimageswillbemovedtothesamedistance fromthetopandbottommargins.
8.9.3 Grouping/Ungrouping
Youcanaccessthistoolfromthetoolbarbyclickingonthebuttons
orbygoingtotheMapmenu,thentoGraphicsandtoGrouporUngroup.
8.9.4 Simplifyingthelegend
Whenalegendhasbeeninsertedandselectedinamap,thisoptioncanbeaccessedby goingtotheMapmenu,thentoGraphicsandtoSimplifylegendorfromthecontextual menu(rightclickontheselectedelement)byselectingSimplifylegend.
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Whenthelegendhasbeensimplified,itlosesitslinktotheview.Thismeansthatany modificationsmadeinthegvSIGviewwillnotaffectthelegend. Ifyouwishtogroupthelegendagain,selectthe"Groupgraphics"option.
8.9.5 Viewingorder
YoucanaccessthistoolbygoingtotheMapmenuthentoGraphicsandthentoBring tofrontorSendtobackrespectivelyorfromthetoolbarbyclickingonthefollowing buttons:
Youcanusethisoptiontochangetheviewingorderoftheselectedelementsinthemap bybringingthemtothefrontorsendingthemtotheback.
8.9.6 Graphicline
Thistooldrawsaframearoundaselectedelementorelements.
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Youcanaccessthistoolfromthetoolbarbyclickingonthefollowingbutton
orbygoingtotheMapmenuandthentoGraphicsand"Graphicline". Theavailableoptionsareshowninthefollowingdialoguebox:
Thedifferentoptionsincludeacheckboxwhichallowsyoutogroupthegraphiclineand theobjectyouhaveinsertedinthemapsothattheymakeonesingleelementandnottwo separateones. IfyouclickontheConfigurebutton,anotherdialogueboxappearswhichcanbeusedto definethepropertiesofthegraphiclineorframetobeinserted.Selectthepropertiesand clickontheOkbuttonifyouwishtousethenewconfigurationor"Cancel"ifyouwishto maintainthedefaultvalues.
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8.9.7 Sizeandposition
Youcanaccessthistoolbygoingtothetoolbarandclickingonthefollowingbutton
orbygoingtotheMapmenuthentoGraphicsandtoSize/Position. Thistoolopensadialogueboxwhichallowsyoutospecifythesizeandpositionofthe selectedelement.
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Youcaneditthedifferenttextfieldsandmodifyandspecifytheobjectssizeandposition.
8.10 Templates
8.10.1 Savingtemplates
gvSIGallowstheconfigurationofamaptobesavedasatemplate.Thiscanthenbeused atalaterdatewithdifferentdatasources. Theelementdistributionandpropertiesfromamapcanbesaved.
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IfyouclickontheFilemenuthenonSaveastemplate
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adialogueboxappearssoyoucansaveyour.gvtfilewhichcanberecoveredatalater dateandwillallowyoutoreconstructthemapconfiguration.
8.10.2 Opentemplate
Ifyouwishtoretrieveasavedtemplatetouseitinanewproject,gotothe"File"menuand thento"Opentemplate".
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8.11 ToolsforexportingtopostScriptandpdf
YoucanusethesetoolstoexportalayouttoapostScriptand/orpdffilebygoingtothe "File"menuandthenselecting"Exporttops"or"Exporttopdf"respectively
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orbyclickingonthefollowingbuttonsinthetoolbar:
Thisopensadialogueboxinwhichyouareaskedtospecifyafiletosavetheresulting postscriptfile(withthe.psextension)orpdffile(withthe.pdfextension).Whenyouhave selectedwhereyouwishtosavethedocument,clickonSave.
Printing
Thisoptionopenstheprintingdialogueboxfromwhichyoucanselecttheprintingoptions (selectingprinter,quality,etc.).
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N.B.:Thespecificationswhicharenotenableddependonthetypeofprinterinstalled.
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Annexes
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9 ArcIMSarchitecture
ArcIMSismadeupofaseriesofcomponentswhichallowittobeadaptedtodifferent platformsandconfigurations.Thismakesithighlyflexibleandgivesitexcellentscalability. Thisisnottheplacetodescribethisserversarchitecturebuttosummarisewecansay thatArcIMShas: An application server which processes management tasks and acts as an intermediarybetweenthedifferentconnectorsandthecomponentthatreallyworks withthegeographicaldata. Thespatialserveristhemostimportantcomponent.Itisresponsibleforrendering views, returning geometries, calculating routes, etc. This component can be instantiatedseveraltimesandevenondifferentcomputers. Connectorsarecomponentswhichallowtheapplicationservertocommunicatewith the web server which receives the clients requests. They allow different technologies,suchasJavaservlets,ActiveXcomponents,Flashapplications,JSP pages,etc.toconnecttoanArcIMSserver. Otherancillaryapplicationstomanageandcreateservices.
9.1 ArcXML
XMLisaninformationexchangeformatbetweendifferentsystems,especiallyfocussedon Internetservices.Thislanguagecanbeusedindifferentdialectswhichareusedfora specificpurpose.Thus,forexample,OGCdefinesitsownXMLdialect,amongothers,to representgeographicelements:GML. Inturn,ESRIdefinedArcXMLasalanguageto exchangeinformationbetweenaclientandanArcIMSserver. This language defines all types of configurations, requests and responses, managementtasksintheserver,theconfigurationofgeographicinformationlayers,etc. gvSIGusesthislanguagetocommunicatewithanArcIMSserver.
9.2 Services
AnArcIMSserveroffersservices.Aserviceisaprocessintheserverwhichoffersspecific functionsperiodicallyorwhenitreceivesspecificrequests.Thetwomostimportanttypes ofservicesfromtheuser'spointofviewaretheimageserviceandthegeometryservice. Animageservice(ImageServer)createsarasterimageinoneofthemostcommon formatsataclientsrequestandhostsitinaplacewhichisaccessibletoanyuserviathe
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webserver.ItthenreturnsanArcXMLdocumenttotheclientindicatingthewebaddress oftheimageithasjustgeneratedsothattheclientcanaccessitwheneverhe/shewishes. A geometry service (FeatureServer) instead of generating an image at a clients request, returns an ArcXML document with the definition of the geometries and the alphanumericattributesthatmayhavebeenrequested.
9.3 Summary
WecandefineArcIMSasamapserverwhichgvSIGconnectstoinordertoobtainremote informationquicklyandwithouthavingtorelyonanyothersoftwareorlibrary.Ifwevisit http://www.mapdex.org,wewillfindhundredsofgeometryandimageserversfromallover theplanet. Infact,ArcIMSisinuseinmanySpanishofficialbodiestowidenthedata sourcestowhichgvSIGcanremotelyconnectto. WheneverweseeawebpagewithmapsofferedbyArcIMSwewillprobablybeableto accessthiscartographyfromamuchmorepowerful,moreversatileclient,suchasgvSIG.
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Glossary
4. ADL Gazetter Protocol: Standard defining how the communication between ADL gazetteerclientsandserversmustbe. 5. ADLGCS(ADLGazetteerContentStandard):Althoughitisnotanofficialstandardit isthedefactosetofrulesusedtodefinedtherelationshipbetweenatoponymandits coordinates.Itcansupplyotherattributessuchastheregionwherethetoponymis settled,orthenatureofthisdatum. 6. ANZLIC (Australian and New Zealand Land Information Council): Is the organizationinchargeofthedevelopmentoftheSDIinthesetwocountries. 7. Band:Frequencyintervalfromtheelectromagneticspectrum.Forexample,thefirst band of the TM sensor is defined in the range of 0.45.052 mm. (nanmetros=??????) 8. Database: Set of data structured in order to enable the storage, consultation and upgradinginacomputersystem.Therelationaldatabaseisaconcretecaseinwhich theinformationisorganizedinrelations(oftenknownastables).Relationsareasetof tuples(records)andatupleintegratesinformationaboutanelementinasetoffields (onefieldforeachattributeoftheelement);iftwotablesshareafieldcontainingvalues withinthesamedomainthenitispossibletoapplyaunionoperation.Theunionlinks thetuplesaccordingonthevaluesinthelinkingfield. 9. BMP:AcronymforBitMapPicture;isabasicimageformat.Itissimpleandpretty normalized; it is a excellent format for sharing data and fast when analyzing and processing images. However, since it is not compressed it does not improve the transmissionanddiskaccessingtimes.BMPisoftenusedwinRGB24bits. 10. CAD:AcronymforComputerAssistantDesign.Itisanautomaticsystemorientedto
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design,drawandgraphicalvisualization. 11. Cartography:Setofoperationsandprocessesthattakepartinthecreation,edition andanalysisofmaps. 12. catalogue,Serviceof:Allowsthepublicationandsearchingofinformation(metadata) describingdata(cartography),services,applicationsandanyotherkindofresources. Thecatalogueservicesarenecessarytosupplysearchandinvocationcapabilitiesover registeredresourceswithinanSDI.AOpenGeospatialConsortiumspecestablishes howaCatalogueServicemustbestandardandinteroperable. 13. CatMDEdit:Isacomputerapplicationforcreatingandeditinggeographicmetadata based upon the OSI19115. Geographic Information Metadata norm. Among its features,itisanopensourceproject,multiplatform(Windows/UNIX)andmultilingual (SpanishandEnglish)aswell. 14. CEN(EuropeanCommitteeofStandarization):Officialorganizationfornormalization oftheEuropeanUnion.Replacescountryspecifictechniquesbycommonrulesforthe whole Union in collaboration with international organizations and its members in Europe(CENELECforelectronicsandETSIfortelecommunications). 15. CENTC287(TechnicalCommitteeofGeographicInformation):Setofstandards formanipulatinggeographicalinformation(approximately20). 16. Clearinghouse: A distributed service for metadata about geospatial data locating. Allowstosearchinoneorseveralnodesorserversthathavebeenregisteredinthe ClearinghouseoftheInternet.ItisthetermusedbyFGDC,equivalenttotheOGCs CatalogueService. 17. CNIDRz39.50Server(clearinghouse forNetworked Information Discovery and Retrieval):z39.50server,alsoknownaszDist. 18. Compression: Technique for reducing the amount of bits needed for storing or transmittinginformation.Therearelosslessordestructivecompressions(forinstance,
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GIFandJPGforthedigitalimagesrespectively). 19. Coordinate:Valuedefiningthepositioninareferencesystem.Thecoordinatescanbe lineal(Cartesian)orpolar(spherical),dependingonthereferencesystem. 20. CotaeninglesesHeightqueseautodefine 21. CSDGM (Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata): Determines the metadatathatexistsinageographicalpositionandhowtoaccesstothem.Itdoes explainneitherhowtoorganizethedatainacomputernorwhichsoftwaretouse. 22. Datum:Geometricreferencesystemusedtonumericallyexpressthegeodesicposition ofapointovertheterrain.Eachdatumisdefinedaccordingofanellipsoidandapoint wheretheellipsoidandtheEartharetangent.InSpainforexample,thedatumusesthe Hayford(orInternational1924)ellipsoidandthetangencypointisPostdam(Germany). 23. DublinCore: Set of metadata elements created to make the electronic resource discoveryeasier. 24. ebRIM(ebXMLRegistryInformationModel):Specifiesasetofservicesthatmake thecommunicationbetweencompanieseasierusingebXML. 25. ebRS (ebXML Registry: Services and Protocols): Defines the services that the ebXMLRegistryandotherrelatedprotocolsoffer. 26. ebXML (electronic Business XML): Is a Standard that defines an XMLdocument formatforsharinginformationbetweencompanies. 27. Elementofametadata:Discretemetadataunit. 28. Entityofametadata:Setofelementsdescribingthesameaspectofthedata. 29. Ellipsoid: Simplified description of the Earth shape: the ellipsoids are defined by equatorialandpolarradiuses. 30. EPSG:EuropeanPetroleumSurveyGroup. 31. Scale: Constant relation between a distance in a map and the corresponding real distance.
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32. FGDC(FederalGeographicDataCommittee):Organizationinchargeofdeveloping theNationalSpatialDataInfrastructure(NSDI)oftheUnitedStatesofAmerica. 33. Geodesy:ThesciencethatstudiestheshapeoftheEarchinthegravitationalfield. 34. Geoid: Is the level surface, equipotential in the gravitational field, which adopts an irregularthreedimensionalspheroid.Duetothedependencyonthemassdistribution inside the Earth, it is impossible to represent it mathematically. The mathematical shapeusedtodoitistheellipsoidthatapproximatelyfitsbettertheEarthshape.The geoidiscoincidentwiththemeanoceansurfacewhentheyarequiet,virtuallyextended forthecontinentsland. 35. Georreference:Theartofassigninggeographiccoordinatestoanobjectorstructure. Thisconceptappliedtoadigitalimageinvolvesasetofgeometricoperationsthatallow assigningtoeachimagepixelapairofcoordinates(x,y)inaprojectionsystem. 36. GIF:GraphicInterchangeFormat.DevelopedbyCompuServetoprovideastandard and platformindependent format. The GIF format is limited to a maximum of 256 colours.ItisareasonablelimitationsincemostofthePCscreenssupport256colours atmost.Ingeneral,GIFisrecommendedforsimpleimages.Whenthebackgroundhas texturestheyarenotusefulbecausethecomputertriestofindtheclosestcolour,and somedistortionsmayappearinthisprocessandtheresultisaninaccuratedisplaying fortheimage. 37. GPS:Acronymforglobalpositioningsystem.Itreferstothesystembymeansofwhich itispossibletoapproximatelycalculateapositionintheEarthusingasignalreceived fromseveralsatellites(calledtheGPSconstellation)simultaneously. 38. Grid:Isanetcomposedbytwoormoreseriesofarcsinwhichthememberofeach seriesintersectswiththemembersoftheotherseriesinanalgorithmicway. 39. gvSIG:AGeographicalInformationhandlingtool.Featuresauserfriendlyinterface,an agileaccesstothemostcommonvectorandrasterformats.Itcanintegratelocaland
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remote(theInternet)datathroughconnectionsfollowingsomeprotocolsspecifiedby theOpenGeospatialConsortium. 40. Spindle:Partofaspherelimitedbytwomeridiansormaximumcircles.IntheUTM projection each spindle is defined by two meridians separated by a distance of 6 degrees(foratotalcircleroundof360degrees)andbytwoparallelsof80degrees latitudeNorthandSouth. 41. SDI:AnSDI(SpatialDataInfrastructure)isacomputersystemintegratedbyasetof resources(catalogues,servers,programs,data,applications,webpages,andsoon), formanageGeographicInformation(maps,satelliteimages,toponymes,etc.),available from the Internet, that follow a set of interoperational capacity conditions (rules, specifications,protocols,interfaces,etc)thatallowanusertousethemusingasimple browserandcombinethenforhis/herneeds. 42. IDEE:AcronymforInfraestructuradeDatosEspacialesdeEspaa,orSpanishSpatial DataInfrastructure.ThegoaloftheIDEEistointegratethroughInternetthegeographic data, metadata, services and information produced in Spain. So, any potential can identify,select,andaccesstotheseresourcesfromtheIDEEssitewhereanynode and other site of other geographic information producers of local, regional or even nationalwideareasavailableinSpain. 43. DigitalImage:Graphicalrepresentationofanobjectwhichis,infact,aregularmatrix thatisacollectionofareflectancevalues.Thereflectancevaluesareusuallymeasured bysensorsofaspecificrangeoflightwavelengths;examplesofthesesensorsare thoseaerialtransportedsuchareaircraftsorsatellitesorthoseintegratedinascanner usedtodigitalizeprinteddocuments. 44. Nomenclator Service: Offers the possibility of locating a geographic place by its name.Itisdefinedasaservicethatreceivesaninputthatisthenameoftheplace (toponym),withthecommonpossibilities:exactmatch,startingwith,contains,etc.and
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returnsthelocation,bymeansofthecoordinates,oftheplace.Additionally,thequery bynamealsohandlesothercriteriasuchasthespatialextensionwheretolookup,or thetypeoftheplace(river,mountain,towns).Ifoneormoreoccurrencesarefound, theservicesuppliesalistoftheplacesfoundwithanyadditionalattributedescribingit fortheusercanchoosethedesiredone.ThereisanOpenGeospatialConsortium specdescribinghowaNomenclatorServicemustbetobestandardandinteroperable.
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10 IconosycursoresdegvSIG
10.1 IconosqueaparecenenelToC
AcontinuacinsemuestranlosiconosquesemuestranenelToC,alaizquierdadel nombreyquevaranenfuncindeltipodecapa. Nombreoriginal
iconlayer iconlayergroup iconlayervect.shp iconlayerwms iconlayerwfs iconlayerraster
Icono
Descripci n
Icono genrico para una capa que no suministre el suyopropio. IconoparaunaagrupacindecapasenelToC Es el icono que acompaa por defecto a una capa vectorial. IconoqueacompaaacapasWMSdelservicioOGC. IconoqueacompaaacapasWFSdelservicioOGC. Elsuministradoporcapasraster.
10.2 Cursores
Cursoresqueseusanenlaaplicacindependiendodelaherramientaqueseencuentre activa. Nombreoriginal
cursorqueryinformation cursorzoomin cursorzoomout cursorhiperlink cursorinsertpoligon cursorinsertrectangle
Icono
Descripci n
Cursorusadocuandoseseleccionalaherramientade peticindeinformacin. Cursor que aparece cuando est realizando zoom ms. Cursor que aparece cuando est realizando zoom menos. Cursorusadoporlaherramientadehiperenlace. Cursor usado por la herramienta de insercin de polgonosenunasesindeedicin. Cursor usado por la herramienta de insercin de rectngulosenunasesindeedicin.
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cursorpan cursorqueryarea cursorquerydistance cursorselectbyrectangle cursorselectpoint
Elemento que aparece cuando se permite hacer desplazamientos. Cursor utilizado por la herramienta de medicin de reas Cursor utilizado por la herramienta de medicin de distancias. Cursorqueaparececuandorealizaunaseleccinpor rectngulo. Cursorutilizadocuandodeseahacerunaseleccinpor punto.
10.3 Acciones
Iconosqueaparecenenlabarradeherramientasomensdelaaplicacin.
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Nombreoriginal
applicationconsole applicationexit applicationpreferences editcopy editcut editdelete editpaste editredo editundo documentprint projectnew projectopen projectsaveas projectsave layeradd
NombreengvSIG
ConsoladeInformacin Salir Preferencias Copiar Cortar Borrar Pegar Rehacer Deshacer Imprimir Creaunnuevoproyecto Abreunproyecto existente Guardarcomo Guardarproyecto Aadircapa
Icono
Descripci n
Muestralaconsoladeerroresdelaaplicacin Cierralaaplicacin Muestra el dialogo de preferencias de la aplicacin Copiadocumentos Cortadocumentos Borradocumentos Pegadocumentos Rehaceunaaccin Deshaceotraaccin Permiteaccederaldialogodeconfiguracindela impresin. Creaunnuevoproyectoenblanco Muestra el dialogo de Abrir que le permite localizarunproyectoexistente. Guardaloscambiosdelproyecto Guardaloscambiosdelproyecto Muestra el dialogo de aadir capas sobre una vista Muestra la tabla de atributos de la capa seleccionada. Muestralaventanadelapiladecomandosdeuna sesindeedicin. Activalaseleccincomplejasobrelavista. Creaunacopiadelelementoseleccionado Permiteeditarunvrticedeunageometra Permite insertar una lnea en una sesin de edicindeunacapadelneas. Desplazalasgeometrasseleccionadas Permitedesplazarlasgeometrasseleccionadas Realiza un escalado de las geometras seleccionadas.(reduccinoaumento) Seleccionaunageometra Divideunageometradeformasimtrica
layershowattributetable Vertabla editioncommandstack Piladecomandos
editioncomplexselection Seleccincompleja editiongeometrycopy editiongeometryedit vertex editiongeometryinsert line editiongeometrymove editiongeometryrotate editiongeometryscale editiongeometryselect editiongeometry symmetry Copiar EditarVrtice Lnea Mover Rotar Escalar Seleccionar Simetra
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editioninsertgeometry arc editioninsertgeometry circle editioninsertgeometry ellipse editioninsertgeometry multipoint editioninsertgeometry point editioninsertgeometry poligon editioninsertgeometry polyline editioninsertgeometry rectangle editionmodifygeometry internalpolygon
Arco Crculo Elipse Multipunto Punto Poligono Polilinea rectangulo
Activalaherramientadeinsercindeunarcoen lacapa Activalaherramientadeinsercindeuncirculoen lacapa Activalaherramientadeinsercindeunaelipse Activala herramienta de insercindepuntosde unageometramultipunto. Activalaherramientadeinsercindeunpunto Activalaherramientadeinsercindeunpolgono Activalaherramientadeinsercindeunapolilnea Activa la herramienta de insercin de un rectngulo Permite extraer un polgono de una geometra cerrada
Mapas
layoutaddborder layoutbringtofront layoutclearselection layoutcommandstack layouteditvertex layoutexportpdf layoutexportps layoutgroup layoutinsertbox layoutinsertcircle layoutinsertimage layoutinsertlegend layoutinsertline layoutinsertnorth Lneagrfica Colocardelante Borraseleccin Piladecomandos Editarvrtice ExportarPDF ExportarPS Agrupargrficos Insertarcajetn Crculo Insertarimagen InsertarLeyenda Insertarlnea Insertarnorte Aadeunmarcoalmapa Coloca el elemento seleccionado al frente del restodeelementos. Eliminaelelementoseleccionado Muestra la ventana de la pila de comandos del mapa Permite la edicin de vrtices de elementos grficosinsertadosenelmapa. ExportaaformatoPDFelmapa. Exportaaformatopostscriptelmapa. Agrupaloselementosseleccionadosdelmapa. Insertauncajetnenelmapa. Insertauncirculoenelmapa. Insertaunaimagenenelmapa. Aadealmapalaleyendadelavista. Herramienta que permite aadir una linea al mapa. InsertaelelementoNorteenelmapa.
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layoutinsertpoint layoutinsertpoligon layoutinsertpolyline layoutinsertscalebar layoutinserttext layoutinsertview layoutpagesetup layoutpan layoutsavetemplate layoutselect layoutsendtoback layoutsetsizeposition layoutshowtag layouttemplateopen layoutungroup layoutzoomcenterin layoutzoomcenterout layoutzoomfit layoutzoomin layoutzoomout layoutzoomreal layoutzoomselected
Insertarpunto Insertarpolgono InsertarPolilnea InsertarEscala InsertarTexto InsertarVista Prepararpgina Encuadresobrelavista Guardarcomoplantilla Seleccionar rectngulo Colocardetrs Tamao/posicin Mover imagen a georreferenciar Abrirplantilla Desagrupargrficos Zoomacercar Zoomalejar Zoomcompleto Zoomms Zoommenos Zoom1.1 Zoomaloseleccionado por
Herramientaquepermitelainsercindeunpunto enelmapa. Herramientaquepermiteinsertarunpolgonoen elmapa. Herramientaquepermiteinsertarunapolilneaen elmapa. Herramienta que permite insertar la barra de escaladelavistaenelmapa. Insertauntextoenelmapa. Insertaunavistaenelmapa. Abre el dialogo de preferencias de pagina del mapa. Activa la herramienta de desplazamiento en la vista(pan). Guardaeldiseodelmapacomounaplantilla. Seleccionaunelementodelmapa Enva al fondo el elemento seleccionado del mapa. Cambia de tamao y posicin un elemento del mapa. Permitemoverlaimagenageorreferenciarenla vista Carga una plantilla de mapa previamente guardada. Desagrupaunconjuntodegrficosinsertadosen elmapa Haceunzoomhaciaelcentrodelmapa. Haceunzoomparaalejarsedesdeelcentrodel mapa. Ajustaelzoomdelmapaalanchodelaventana. Haceunzoomparaacercarsesobreel readel mapaseleccionada. Hace un zoom para alejarse sobre el rea del mapaseleccionada. Maximizaelmapaaltamaodelapantalla. Ajustaelzoomaloselementosseleccionados.
Tablas
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tablefilter tablejoin tablelink tableorderasc tableorderdesc tableselectionup tablestatistics
Filtro Unir Enlace Ordenascendente Ordendescendente llevarlaseleccinarriba Estadsticas
Abreeldialogodefiltrosobreunatabla. Abreeldialogodeuninentretablas. Abreeldilogodelenlacedetablas. Ordenadeforma ascendentelos registrosdela tabladeuncamposeleccionado. Ordenadeformadescendentelosregistrosdela tabladeuncamposeleccionado. Lleva los registros seleccionados a la parte superiordelatabla Muestraeldialogodeestadsticasdelatabla
Vistas
viewaddeventlayer viewcentertopoint viewclearselection viewlocator viewpan viewqueryarea viewquerydistance viewquerylink viewsavetoraster viewselectbypolygon Aadircapadeeventos Centrarlavistasobreun punto Borraseleccin Localizadorporatributo Desplazamiento Medirrea Medirdistancias Hiperenlace Salvararster Seleccinporpolgono Muestraeldialogodeaadirunacapadeeventos alavista. Muestra un dialogo para que se introduzcan las coordenadasenlasquedeseacentrarlavista. Deseleccionaloselementos seleccionadosenla vista. Muestraeldialogodeseleccionarporatributos. Activalaherramientadedesplazamiento(pan). Activalaherramientademedicindereas. Activalaherramientademedicindedistancias. Activalaherramientadeconsultadehiperenlaces. Permiteseleccionarlazonadelavistaquedesea salvararster. Activalaherramientadeseleccindegeometras deunacapacontenidasenunpolgono. Activalaherramientadeseleccindegeometras deunacapacontenidasenunrectngulo. Activalaherramientadeseleccindegeometras deunacapa. Activa la herramienta de informacin sobre un punto. Muestralavistaconelzoomanterior. Haceunzoommsdesdeelcentrodelavista. Haceunzoommenosdesdeelcentrodelavista. Haceunzoomparaacercarsesobreel readela vistaseleccionada.
viewselectbyrectangle Seleccinporrectngulo viewselectgeometry viewqueryinformation viewzoomback viewzoomcenterin viewzoomcenterout viewzoomin Seleccinporpunto Informacin Zoomprevio Zoomacercar Zoomalejar Zoomms
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viewzoommanager
Gestindeencuadres
Presentaeldialogodegestindeencuadres. Hace un zoom al encuadre adecuado para presentar toda la informacin de las capas cargadas. Haceunzoomparaalejarsedel readelavista seleccionada. Hace un zoom ms a los elementos seleccionadosdeunacapa. Presentalaherramientadebsquedaatravsdel servicio de Nomenclator (bsqueda de topnimos). Elimina el punto de referencia que ha sido aadido por las bsquedas de catalogo o nomenclator. Presentalaherramientadebsquedaatravsdel serviciodecatalogo. Utilizado para representar a la consola de los lenguajesdescript.
viewzoommapcontents Zoomcompleto viewzoomout viewzoomtoseleccion gazetteersearch Zoommenos Zoomaloseleccionado Nomenclator
catalogclearpoint catalogsearch scriptingconsole
Borrar Catlogo Consoladejython
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LICENSE
GNUGENERALPUBLICLICENSE Version2,June1991 Copyright(C)1989,1991FreeSoftwareFoundation,Inc., 51FranklinStreet,FifthFloor,Boston,MA021101301USA Everyoneispermittedtocopyanddistributeverbatimcopies ofthislicensedocument,butchangingitisnotallowed. Preamble Thelicensesformostsoftwarearedesignedtotakeawayyour freedomtoshareandchangeit.Bycontrast,theGNUGeneralPublic Licenseisintendedtoguaranteeyourfreedomtoshareandchangefree softwaretomakesurethesoftwareisfreeforallitsusers.This GeneralPublicLicenseappliestomostoftheFreeSoftware Foundation'ssoftwareandtoanyotherprogramwhoseauthorscommitto usingit.(SomeotherFreeSoftwareFoundationsoftwareiscoveredby theGNULesserGeneralPublicLicenseinstead.)Youcanapplyitto yourprograms,too. Whenwespeakoffreesoftware,wearereferringtofreedom,not price.OurGeneralPublicLicensesaredesignedtomakesurethatyou havethefreedomtodistributecopiesoffreesoftware(andchargefor thisserviceifyouwish),thatyoureceivesourcecodeorcangetit ifyouwantit,thatyoucanchangethesoftwareorusepiecesofit innewfreeprograms;andthatyouknowyoucandothesethings. Toprotectyourrights,weneedtomakerestrictionsthatforbid anyonetodenyyoutheserightsortoaskyoutosurrendertherights. Theserestrictionstranslatetocertainresponsibilitiesforyouifyou distributecopiesofthesoftware,orifyoumodifyit. Forexample,ifyoudistributecopiesofsuchaprogram,whether gratisorforafee,youmustgivetherecipientsalltherightsthat youhave.Youmustmakesurethatthey,too,receiveorcangetthe sourcecode.Andyoumustshowthemthesetermssotheyknowtheir rights. Weprotectyourrightswithtwosteps:(1)copyrightthesoftware,and (2)offeryouthislicensewhichgivesyoulegalpermissiontocopy, distributeand/ormodifythesoftware. Also,foreachauthor'sprotectionandours,wewanttomakecertain thateveryoneunderstandsthatthereisnowarrantyforthisfree software.Ifthesoftwareismodifiedbysomeoneelseandpassedon,we wantitsrecipientstoknowthatwhattheyhaveisnottheoriginal,so thatanyproblemsintroducedbyotherswillnotreflectontheoriginal authors'reputations.
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Finally,anyfreeprogramisthreatenedconstantlybysoftware patents.Wewishtoavoidthedangerthatredistributorsofafree programwillindividuallyobtainpatentlicenses,ineffectmakingthe programproprietary.Topreventthis,wehavemadeitclearthatany patentmustbelicensedforeveryone'sfreeuseornotlicensedatall. Theprecisetermsandconditionsforcopying,distributionand modificationfollow. GNUGENERALPUBLICLICENSE TERMSANDCONDITIONSFORCOPYING,DISTRIBUTIONANDMODIFICATION 0.ThisLicenseappliestoanyprogramorotherworkwhichcontains anoticeplacedbythecopyrightholdersayingitmaybedistributed underthetermsofthisGeneralPublicLicense.The"Program",below, referstoanysuchprogramorwork,anda"workbasedontheProgram" meanseithertheProgramoranyderivativeworkundercopyrightlaw: thatistosay,aworkcontainingtheProgramoraportionofit, eitherverbatimorwithmodificationsand/ortranslatedintoanother language.(Hereinafter,translationisincludedwithoutlimitationin theterm"modification".)Eachlicenseeisaddressedas"you". Activitiesotherthancopying,distributionandmodificationarenot coveredbythisLicense;theyareoutsideitsscope.Theactof runningtheProgramisnotrestricted,andtheoutputfromtheProgram iscoveredonlyifitscontentsconstituteaworkbasedonthe Program(independentofhavingbeenmadebyrunningtheProgram). WhetherthatistruedependsonwhattheProgramdoes. 1.YoumaycopyanddistributeverbatimcopiesoftheProgram's sourcecodeasyoureceiveit,inanymedium,providedthatyou conspicuouslyandappropriatelypublishoneachcopyanappropriate copyrightnoticeanddisclaimerofwarranty;keepintactallthe noticesthatrefertothisLicenseandtotheabsenceofanywarranty; andgiveanyotherrecipientsoftheProgramacopyofthisLicense alongwiththeProgram. Youmaychargeafeeforthephysicalactoftransferringacopy,and youmayatyouroptionofferwarrantyprotectioninexchangeforafee. 2.YoumaymodifyyourcopyorcopiesoftheProgramoranyportion ofit,thusformingaworkbasedontheProgram,andcopyand distributesuchmodificationsorworkunderthetermsofSection1 above,providedthatyoualsomeetalloftheseconditions: a)Youmustcausethemodifiedfilestocarryprominentnotices statingthatyouchangedthefilesandthedateofanychange. b)Youmustcauseanyworkthatyoudistributeorpublish,thatin wholeorinpartcontainsorisderivedfromtheProgramorany partthereof,tobelicensedasawholeatnochargetoallthird partiesunderthetermsofthisLicense.
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c)Ifthemodifiedprogramnormallyreadscommandsinteractively whenrun,youmustcauseit,whenstartedrunningforsuch interactiveuseinthemostordinaryway,toprintordisplayan announcementincludinganappropriatecopyrightnoticeanda noticethatthereisnowarranty(orelse,sayingthatyouprovide awarranty)andthatusersmayredistributetheprogramunder theseconditions,andtellingtheuserhowtoviewacopyofthis License.(Exception:iftheProgramitselfisinteractivebut doesnotnormallyprintsuchanannouncement,yourworkbasedon theProgramisnotrequiredtoprintanannouncement.) Theserequirementsapplytothemodifiedworkasawhole.If identifiablesectionsofthatworkarenotderivedfromtheProgram, andcanbereasonablyconsideredindependentandseparateworksin themselves,thenthisLicense,anditsterms,donotapplytothose sectionswhenyoudistributethemasseparateworks.Butwhenyou distributethesamesectionsaspartofawholewhichisaworkbased ontheProgram,thedistributionofthewholemustbeonthetermsof thisLicense,whosepermissionsforotherlicenseesextendtothe entirewhole,andthustoeachandeverypartregardlessofwhowroteit. Thus,itisnottheintentofthissectiontoclaimrightsorcontest yourrightstoworkwrittenentirelybyyou;rather,theintentisto exercisetherighttocontrolthedistributionofderivativeor collectiveworksbasedontheProgram. Inaddition,mereaggregationofanotherworknotbasedontheProgram withtheProgram(orwithaworkbasedontheProgram)onavolumeof astorageordistributionmediumdoesnotbringtheotherworkunder thescopeofthisLicense. 3.YoumaycopyanddistributetheProgram(oraworkbasedonit, underSection2)inobjectcodeorexecutableformunderthetermsof Sections1and2aboveprovidedthatyoualsodooneofthefollowing: a)Accompanyitwiththecompletecorrespondingmachinereadable sourcecode,whichmustbedistributedunderthetermsofSections 1and2aboveonamediumcustomarilyusedforsoftwareinterchange;or, b)Accompanyitwithawrittenoffer,validforatleastthree years,togiveanythirdparty,forachargenomorethanyour costofphysicallyperformingsourcedistribution,acomplete machinereadablecopyofthecorrespondingsourcecode,tobe distributedunderthetermsofSections1and2aboveonamedium customarilyusedforsoftwareinterchange;or, c)Accompanyitwiththeinformationyoureceivedastotheoffer todistributecorrespondingsourcecode.(Thisalternativeis allowedonlyfornoncommercialdistributionandonlyifyou receivedtheprograminobjectcodeorexecutableformwithsuch anoffer,inaccordwithSubsectionbabove.) Thesourcecodeforaworkmeansthepreferredformoftheworkfor
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makingmodificationstoit.Foranexecutablework,completesource codemeansallthesourcecodeforallmodulesitcontains,plusany associatedinterfacedefinitionfiles,plusthescriptsusedto controlcompilationandinstallationoftheexecutable.However,asa specialexception,thesourcecodedistributedneednotinclude anythingthatisnormallydistributed(ineithersourceorbinary form)withthemajorcomponents(compiler,kernel,andsoon)ofthe operatingsystemonwhichtheexecutableruns,unlessthatcomponent itselfaccompaniestheexecutable. Ifdistributionofexecutableorobjectcodeismadebyoffering accesstocopyfromadesignatedplace,thenofferingequivalent accesstocopythesourcecodefromthesameplacecountsas distributionofthesourcecode,eventhoughthirdpartiesarenot compelledtocopythesourcealongwiththeobjectcode. 4.Youmaynotcopy,modify,sublicense,ordistributetheProgram exceptasexpresslyprovidedunderthisLicense.Anyattempt otherwisetocopy,modify,sublicenseordistributetheProgramis void,andwillautomaticallyterminateyourrightsunderthisLicense. However,partieswhohavereceivedcopies,orrights,fromyouunder thisLicensewillnothavetheirlicensesterminatedsolongassuch partiesremaininfullcompliance. 5.YouarenotrequiredtoacceptthisLicense,sinceyouhavenot signedit.However,nothingelsegrantsyoupermissiontomodifyor distributetheProgramoritsderivativeworks.Theseactionsare prohibitedbylawifyoudonotacceptthisLicense.Therefore,by modifyingordistributingtheProgram(oranyworkbasedonthe Program),youindicateyouracceptanceofthisLicensetodoso,and allitstermsandconditionsforcopying,distributingormodifying theProgramorworksbasedonit. 6.EachtimeyouredistributetheProgram(oranyworkbasedonthe Program),therecipientautomaticallyreceivesalicensefromthe originallicensortocopy,distributeormodifytheProgramsubjectto thesetermsandconditions.Youmaynotimposeanyfurther restrictionsontherecipients'exerciseoftherightsgrantedherein. Youarenotresponsibleforenforcingcompliancebythirdpartiesto thisLicense. 7.If,asaconsequenceofacourtjudgmentorallegationofpatent infringementorforanyotherreason(notlimitedtopatentissues), conditionsareimposedonyou(whetherbycourtorder,agreementor otherwise)thatcontradicttheconditionsofthisLicense,theydonot excuseyoufromtheconditionsofthisLicense.Ifyoucannot distributesoastosatisfysimultaneouslyyourobligationsunderthis Licenseandanyotherpertinentobligations,thenasaconsequenceyou maynotdistributetheProgramatall.Forexample,ifapatent licensewouldnotpermitroyaltyfreeredistributionoftheProgramby allthosewhoreceivecopiesdirectlyorindirectlythroughyou,then theonlywayyoucouldsatisfybothitandthisLicensewouldbeto refrainentirelyfromdistributionoftheProgram.
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Ifanyportionofthissectionisheldinvalidorunenforceableunder anyparticularcircumstance,thebalanceofthesectionisintendedto applyandthesectionasawholeisintendedtoapplyinother circumstances. Itisnotthepurposeofthissectiontoinduceyoutoinfringeany patentsorotherpropertyrightclaimsortocontestvalidityofany suchclaims;thissectionhasthesolepurposeofprotectingthe integrityofthefreesoftwaredistributionsystem,whichis implementedbypubliclicensepractices.Manypeoplehavemade generouscontributionstothewiderangeofsoftwaredistributed throughthatsysteminrelianceonconsistentapplicationofthat system;itisuptotheauthor/donortodecideifheorsheiswilling todistributesoftwarethroughanyothersystemandalicenseecannot imposethatchoice. Thissectionisintendedtomakethoroughlyclearwhatisbelievedto beaconsequenceoftherestofthisLicense. 8.Ifthedistributionand/oruseoftheProgramisrestrictedin certaincountrieseitherbypatentsorbycopyrightedinterfaces,the originalcopyrightholderwhoplacestheProgramunderthisLicense mayaddanexplicitgeographicaldistributionlimitationexcluding thosecountries,sothatdistributionispermittedonlyinoramong countriesnotthusexcluded.Insuchcase,thisLicenseincorporates thelimitationasifwritteninthebodyofthisLicense. 9.TheFreeSoftwareFoundationmaypublishrevisedand/ornewversions oftheGeneralPublicLicensefromtimetotime.Suchnewversionswill besimilarinspirittothepresentversion,butmaydifferindetailto addressnewproblemsorconcerns. Eachversionisgivenadistinguishingversionnumber.IftheProgram specifiesaversionnumberofthisLicensewhichappliestoitand"any laterversion",youhavetheoptionoffollowingthetermsandconditions eitherofthatversionorofanylaterversionpublishedbytheFree SoftwareFoundation.IftheProgramdoesnotspecifyaversionnumberof thisLicense,youmaychooseanyversioneverpublishedbytheFreeSoftware Foundation. 10.IfyouwishtoincorporatepartsoftheProgramintootherfree programswhosedistributionconditionsaredifferent,writetotheauthor toaskforpermission.ForsoftwarewhichiscopyrightedbytheFree SoftwareFoundation,writetotheFreeSoftwareFoundation;wesometimes makeexceptionsforthis.Ourdecisionwillbeguidedbythetwogoals ofpreservingthefreestatusofallderivativesofourfreesoftwareand ofpromotingthesharingandreuseofsoftwaregenerally. NOWARRANTY 11.BECAUSETHEPROGRAMISLICENSEDFREEOFCHARGE,THEREISNOWARRANTY FORTHEPROGRAM,TOTHEEXTENTPERMITTEDBYAPPLICABLELAW.EXCEPTWHEN
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OTHERWISESTATEDINWRITINGTHECOPYRIGHTHOLDERSAND/OROTHERPARTIES PROVIDETHEPROGRAM"ASIS"WITHOUTWARRANTYOFANYKIND,EITHEREXPRESSED ORIMPLIED,INCLUDING,BUTNOTLIMITEDTO,THEIMPLIEDWARRANTIESOF MERCHANTABILITYANDFITNESSFORAPARTICULARPURPOSE.THEENTIRERISKAS TOTHEQUALITYANDPERFORMANCEOFTHEPROGRAMISWITHYOU.SHOULDTHE PROGRAMPROVEDEFECTIVE,YOUASSUMETHECOSTOFALLNECESSARYSERVICING, REPAIRORCORRECTION. 12.INNOEVENTUNLESSREQUIREDBYAPPLICABLELAWORAGREEDTOINWRITING WILLANYCOPYRIGHTHOLDER,ORANYOTHERPARTYWHOMAYMODIFYAND/OR REDISTRIBUTETHEPROGRAMASPERMITTEDABOVE,BELIABLETOYOUFORDAMAGES, INCLUDINGANYGENERAL,SPECIAL,INCIDENTALORCONSEQUENTIALDAMAGESARISING OUTOFTHEUSEORINABILITYTOUSETHEPROGRAM(INCLUDINGBUTNOTLIMITED TOLOSSOFDATAORDATABEINGRENDEREDINACCURATEORLOSSESSUSTAINEDBY YOUORTHIRDPARTIESORAFAILUREOFTHEPROGRAMTOOPERATEWITHANYOTHER PROGRAMS),EVENIFSUCHHOLDEROROTHERPARTYHASBEENADVISEDOFTHE POSSIBILITYOFSUCHDAMAGES. ENDOFTERMSANDCONDITIONS HowtoApplyTheseTermstoYourNewPrograms Ifyoudevelopanewprogram,andyouwantittobeofthegreatest possibleusetothepublic,thebestwaytoachievethisistomakeit freesoftwarewhicheveryonecanredistributeandchangeundertheseterms. Todoso,attachthefollowingnoticestotheprogram.Itissafest toattachthemtothestartofeachsourcefiletomosteffectively conveytheexclusionofwarranty;andeachfileshouldhaveatleast the"copyright"lineandapointertowherethefullnoticeisfound. <onelinetogivetheprogram'snameandabriefideaofwhatitdoes.> Copyright(C)<year><nameofauthor> Thisprogramisfreesoftware;youcanredistributeitand/ormodify itunderthetermsoftheGNUGeneralPublicLicenseaspublishedby theFreeSoftwareFoundation;eitherversion2oftheLicense,or (atyouroption)anylaterversion. Thisprogramisdistributedinthehopethatitwillbeuseful, butWITHOUTANYWARRANTY;withouteventheimpliedwarrantyof MERCHANTABILITYorFITNESSFORAPARTICULARPURPOSE.Seethe GNUGeneralPublicLicenseformoredetails. YoushouldhavereceivedacopyoftheGNUGeneralPublicLicensealong withthisprogram;ifnot,writetotheFreeSoftwareFoundation,Inc., 51FranklinStreet,FifthFloor,Boston,MA021101301USA. Alsoaddinformationonhowtocontactyoubyelectronicandpapermail. Iftheprogramisinteractive,makeitoutputashortnoticelikethis whenitstartsinaninteractivemode:
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Gnomovisionversion69,Copyright(C)yearnameofauthor GnomovisioncomeswithABSOLUTELYNOWARRANTY;fordetailstype`showw'. Thisisfreesoftware,andyouarewelcometoredistributeit undercertainconditions;type`showc'fordetails. Thehypotheticalcommands`showw'and`showc'shouldshowtheappropriate partsoftheGeneralPublicLicense.Ofcourse,thecommandsyouusemay becalledsomethingotherthan`showw'and`showc';theycouldevenbe mouseclicksormenuitemswhateversuitsyourprogram. Youshouldalsogetyouremployer(ifyouworkasaprogrammer)oryour school,ifany,tosigna"copyrightdisclaimer"fortheprogram,if necessary.Hereisasample;alterthenames: Yoyodyne,Inc.,herebydisclaimsallcopyrightinterestintheprogram `Gnomovision'(whichmakespassesatcompilers)writtenbyJamesHacker. <signatureofTyCoon>,1April1989 TyCoon,PresidentofVice ThisGeneralPublicLicensedoesnotpermitincorporatingyourprograminto proprietaryprograms.Ifyourprogramisasubroutinelibrary,youmay consideritmoreusefultopermitlinkingproprietaryapplicationswiththe library.Ifthisiswhatyouwanttodo,usetheGNULesserGeneral PublicLicenseinsteadofthisLicense.
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gvSIGUserguide

gvSIG 1.0 User guide Version 1

IVEROFICINASCENTRALESEN VALENCIA C/Salamancan5052,46005 VALENCIA Telf:902252540Fax:963162716 EMaildac@iver.eswww.iver.es

ConselleriadeInfraestructurasy Transporte C/BlascoIbezN50,46010 VALENCIA

Views:Viewsarethedocumentsinwhichweworkwithgraphicdata. Tables:Tablesarethedocumentsinwhichweworkwithalphanumericdata. Maps:Amapgeneratorwhichallowsthedifferentcartographicelementsincluded inamap(view,legend,scale)tobeinserted.

associatedattributesintheshapeoftables.Insteadtheysavereferencestotheplacesthe datasourcesarestored(thepathtobefollowedinthediskinordertofindthefiles).Ifthe datachangestheupdateswillbeshowninalltheprojectstheyareusedin. Themenuwhichallowsyoutoaccesstheprojectmanagementoptionsislocatedinthe Filemenu

IfyoupressYes,awindowwillopensoyoucansaveyourcurrentgvSIGproject. Whenthepreviousprojecthasbeensavedanewblankprojectwillappearonthe screen.

IfyouwishtocopytheviewtoanothergvSIGproject,selectPastefromthecontextual menu.Ifaprojectalreadyhasaviewwiththisnameamessagewillappeartoindicatethat youmustchangethenameoftheviewyouaretryingtopaste.

N.B.ThemessageNotablewillbepastedmeansthatthetableswhichareactiveinthe sourceviewwillnotappearinthetargetviewunlesstheyareactivatedinthisview. Ifyouwishtocanceltheoperation,pressNo. IfyoupressYesanewdialogueboxwillappearsotheviewcanbegivenanewname.

IfyoupressNo,theoperationwillbecancelled. IfyoupressYes,anewdialogueboxwillappear.Writethenewnameforthemapinthe boxandpressOK.

IfyoupressCanceltheprocesswillbeterminated. Ifanyoftheviewsassociatedwiththemapalreadyexistinthecurrentprojectthefollowing messagewillappear.

5.ToaccesstheViewpropertieswindow,clickonthePropertiesbutton. 5.1. Itisimportanttoselectthecartographyunitsandthedistanceunitsforthe View.Theirdefaultvaluesareexpressedinmetres. 5.2.TheViewbackgroundcolourcanbeconfigured.Itiswhitebydefault.

ChoosebetweenthemostcommonlyusedreferencesystemssuchasED50 andWGS84. Choosethedisplayprojection. Choosethetimezonethegeographicinformationislocatedin.

Ifyouclickonthepulldownmenus,thedifferentoptionsavailableforeachelementinthe referencesystemareshown.Ifyoumakeanychanges,clickonApplyandthenOk. Whenyouhaveconfiguredtheviewsproperties,clickonOk.

dbf:Tableofattributes. shp:Spatialdata. shx:Spatialdataindex.

4.4.2 AddingalayerviaJDBC 4.4.2.1 Connectingtotheservice

4.4.3 AddingalayerusingtheWFSprotocol 4.4.3.1 Introduction

N.B.YoucanselecttheRefreshcacheoptionwhichwillsearchforinformationfromthe serverinthelocalhost.Thiswillonlyworkifthesameserverwasusedonaprevious occasion.

completelyblankatthestart. TheShowlayernamesoptionshowsthenameofthelayerasitisrecognisedbythe serverandnotbyitsdescription,whichiswhatappearsinthetablebydefault.

4.4.4 AddingalayerusingtheWMSprotocol 4.4.4.1 Introduction

4.4.5 AddingalayerusingtheWCSprotocol 4.4.5.1 Introduction

ThefirsttabintheaddingaWCSlayerwizardistheinformationtab.Itsummarisesthe currentconfigurationoftheWCSrequest(serviceinformation,formats,spatialsystems, layerswhichmakeuptherequest,etc.).Thistabisupdatedasthepropertiesofitsrequest arechanged,addedordeleted.

4.4.6 AddingalayerusingtheArcIMSprotocol 4.4.6.1 IntroductiontoArcIMS

Theservicecanbeselectedfromthelistorcanbewrittenindirectly. Finally,iftheOverrideservicelistcheckboxisenabled,gvSIGwilldeleteanycatalogue thathasalreadybeendownloadedandwillrequestthemagainfromtheserver.

Figure3:MetadatafromtheArcIMSserver Wecancontinuebyclickingon"Next"orreturntothepreviousdialoguebyclickingon "Changeservice.

Figure4:Metadatafromaservicelayer WecanvieweachlayersIDviatheShowlayerIDcheckbox.Thischeckboxisuseful whentherearelayerswhosedescriptorisrepeated.Therefore,theonlywaytodistinguish betweenthemisviaanID,whichwillalwaysbeunique.Acomboboxisalsoavailableto

NO NO NO YES YES NO YES

SIMPLEMARKERSYMBOL SHIELDSYMBOL TEXTMARKERSYMBOL TEXTSYMBOL

Point PointsymbolforUSroads Statictextsymbol Labellingsymbol

YES YES NO NO YES NO

Whenyouhavefoundthetableyourequire,selectitandclickonOpen. gvSIGautomaticallyreturnstothe"Newtable"windowandaddsthetableyourequireto createtheeventlayerinthetextbox.

Whenthetablehasbeenadded,aviewmustbeactivetocreateitscorrespondingevent layerandloadit.Ifnoviewisactive,youcanreturntotheProjectmanagerandaddone orcreateanewblankone.Whenyouhaveactivatedthisview,gototheAddeventlayer byusingthecorrespondingbuttoninthetoolbar:

Awindowwiththreepulldownmenubarsappears. Wecanselectthetableweneedtoaddthenewlayerfromthefirstpulldownmenubar. Then,wecanselectthetablefieldswhichwillbecometheXandYvalues.

4.6.2 Addinganeventlayerfromatableassociatedwithalayerinthe view

4.7.1 Vectorlayer 4.7.1.1 Changingcolours

Inthiscase,eachprimarycolouriscodedwitha byte, sothateachvalueisina natural numbers [0,255]interval.Thus,theRGBcombinationforblackisR=0,G=0,B=0and R=255,G=255,B=255forwhite.

N.B.:Whenyoudo this,the layer name changes in theToC,butthefile name isnot changed.

ActivatetheviewintheToC. Changethelayerintoeditingmode(LayermenuthenStartedition). Openthetableofattributesandedittherecordyouwishtocreatethelinkto.Write thepathofthefileyouwishtolinkwithoutitsextension.PressEntertosavethe modificationmadeinthetable.

Selecttheviewelementthatcorrespondstotherecordwhichhastheassociated linkandplacethecursoroverit.Clickontheelement.Awindowappearswiththe linkedfile.

Usethistabtodefinethelegendtypeyouwishtousetorepresentthelayerdatamore specifically. Youcanchoosebetweenthefollowing:

4.7.2 Rasterlayer Rasterproperties

IntheBandstabyoucanmakecompositionsusingthedifferentbandsinarasterimage. Youcanalsoaddmorebandsfromotherfiles.ThisisusefulwhenworkingwithLandsat typeimages,inwhicheachbandisdeliveredinadifferentfile.

theoutputimagesgeneralbrightness. Ifyouclickonthe"Apply"orOk"buttons,thepansharpeningwillbeappliedontheimage intheview,thusincreasingtheimageresolution.

Panning:Thisallowsyoutochangetheviewzoombydraggingtheviewingfieldallover theviewwiththemouse.Clickandholddowntheleftbuttonofthemousethenmovethe mouseinthedirectionyourequire.

Awindowappearsinwhichwecanaddlayers(wecanaddthesametypesoflayersasin theview)whichwillmakeuppartofthelocatormap.Thiswindowcanalsobeusedto removelayersoreditthelayerslegends.

4.10.1 Requesttools 4.10.2 Informationtool

Youcanaccessthedifferentwaysofselectingelementsbygoingtothetoolbarorby goingtotheViewmenuandthentoSelectionaslongasthelayeryouwishtoworkwith hasalreadybeenactivatedintheToC.

definethispolygon,placethecursorinthepartoftheviewyouwishtodrawtheselection polygonin.Leftclickonthemouseintheviewtoaddthepolygonvertices.Whenyouhave finished,doubleclickonthemouse.Alltheelementswhicharelocatedinsidethepolygon orwhichintersectwithanyofitssideswillbeselected.

N.B.:Youcanusethismethodwhenworkingwithlayergroups. Ifyoucreatealayergroup,placethemousepointeroverthegroupnameandgotothe Copyoption,youcanPastethewholelayergroupinthesamewayasyouwouldwith

Ifyouhaveselectedelementsinthelayertobeexported,gvSIGwilltellyouhowmany elementsaregoingtobeexportedandwillaskforconfirmationbeforecarryingoutthe operation.

Ifyoucontinuewiththeoperation,adialogueboxwillappearinwhichyouwillbeaskedto selectthefilethenewshapeistobesavedin. Whenyouhaveaccepted,anewmessagewillappearaskingwhetheryouwishtoinsert

WritethenameofthetableandclickonOk. Anewwindowappearsinwhichyouwillhavetoinputtheparametersofthedatabase connection.

4.17.2 WebMapContext 4.17.2.1 Introduction

N.B.:Ifyoucannotfindthe"WebMapContext"optioninthe"Export"option,yourproject doesnotcontainanyWMSlayers. Basicmodeonlyshowsthecompulsorypropertieswhichcannotbetakenforgrantedby theapplication.

Layersintheactive(current)view:ThisoptiononlyappearsiftheactivegvSIG windowisaview.Itallowsyoutoquicklyaddthelayerstothecurrentview. Layersinotherview:ThisaddsthelayersdefinedbytheWMCinthechosenview. Inthisoption,alistofviewsappearstoselecttheviewthatwillcontainthenew layers.

SelecttheLayermenuandthengotoTransformtoannotationlayer. Thisoptionopensthewizardwhichwillguideyouthroughthestepsrequiredtocreatethe annotationlayer.

Slopetheslopetheannotationwillhaveintheview. Colourannotationtextcolour. Heightannotationtextheight. UnitsunitsinwhichthevalueassignedtotheHeightfieldaretobemeasured. Theoptionscurrentlyavailablearemapunitsorpixels. Fontannotationtextfont.

Setthevaluestobeusedforcustomisingtherequiredparameter(bypullingdownthelist). Leavethedefaultvalueinthefieldsyoudonotwishtocustomize. ClickonFinishwhenyouhaveinputthesechanges.

YoucanseethatthenameofthelayerhaschangedintheToC.ItisnowcalledEurope Citiesinsteadofcities.Rememberthattheprocessdoesnotcreateanewlayer,it onlychangesthewaythelayerisshownandrenamesitintheToC.

Nowselecttwopointsintheviewtodefinetherectanglethatwillcontaintheareatobe saved.Thefollowingdialogueboxthenappears.Iftherectangleyouhavemarkedistoo small,thisboxwillnotappearandyouwillhavetoselectalargerrectangle.

Compression: [LZW | PACKBITS | DEFLATE | NONE] This assigns the compressiontobeused.Thedefaultoptionisnone.

Blocksize:Theblocksizedefinestheamountofdatareadeachtimesoitcanbe compressed.Thegreatertheblocksizethefasterthecompressionspeedbutmore memoryisused. Compression:Thisallowstheimagescompressionleveltobeadjusted. Progressive:Thisallowsyoutomakeprogressivejpgs.

panel.Ifthesecheckboxesaredisablednofilterswillbeappliedtotheimageeventhough thevalueshavebeeninputintothepanel.If,atanytime,anyofthesefiltershavebeen appliedtotheimage,thevalueswillappearinthepanel.