EXAM 2 HIS 131-E30 Through the many debates over how the American government should be ran state

government holds more power than the federal government by the end of the Jacksonian Era. With the expansion of the public sphere, more of the public became involved in political news and support. (Week 7 Lecture Notes) The state shows its power through its people with the structure of the federal and state government and the issue of slavery. Government derives its just powers from the consent of the people. (Tindall and Shi, 286) People are what create a state government. In order to proceed with Federal Law, states have to agree. Through the ratification of the Constitution (Week 6 Lecture Notes) and adding the Bill of Rights, states show an upper hand on the final draft of the Constitution. This is even more apparent in the first eight amendments, which model the Virginia Declaration of Rights. (Tindall and Shi, 305) John C. Calhoun and other southerners help the states gain more power with the nullification of the tariffs of 1828 and 1832. Calhoun argues that states have the power to nullify laws in their territory and that states have this power because the states ratified the constitution. (Week 11 Lecture Notes) In the end, the states win. The state also shows its power with the three-fourths vote of agreement to ratify the Constitution. During his time as President, Andrew Jackson stood up for and helped the states gain power. The Democratic Party he affiliated with made many arguments about the government, individual freedom, and states rights. During this time, the states were the new economic engine (Week 8 Lecture Notes) creating and funding their own roads, canals etc. In Article IV of The Articles of Confederation, it is written, the free inhabitants of each of these statesshall be entitled to all privilegesin the several states. (Articles of Confederation, 137) What about the un-free inhabitants of each of these states? States still hold the power over the federal government with the issue of slavery. Even though states did not agree on the issue with slavery, the states still held the power to influence the federal government. Congress (shall) have no power by the Constitution to prohibit slavery in any state. (Reflections on the Missouri Compromise, 235) During the Missouri Compromise, some of the pro-slave population of Missouri pointed out that in the Federal Constitution, in article five, that people of the state shall be free. This was not possible, for slave owners were not ready to free their slaves. After the denial of the first compromise, the federal government decided to compromise with Missouri on the issue of slavery by allowing it to be a slave state and to form its own state constitution. (Week 9 Lecture Notes) State government holds the power at the end of the Jacksonian Era. With people being more educated and socializing at taverns, politics becomes a large part of the American life. In order for the people to prevail, the state must prevail. By pressuring state government, people help make the state government more powerful in congress. Evidence of the powers the state government holds can be seen through the formation of the Constitution and the issue with slavery.