7ME7: P.E. LAB.-II 3 P MM 100 Minimum any ten experiments can be performed 1. 1.

By using lathe tool dynamometer measure the cutting forces in all directions and calculate the following: a) Shear plane angle b) Coefficient of friction c) Power consumption 2. 2. By using the drill dynamometer measure the torque, and thrust in Drilling operation. 3. 3. By using the tool work thermocouple, measure the tool chip interface temp 4. 4. To determine chip reduction coefficient in turning. 5. 5. To study the different mechanisms of tool wear and their measurements. 6. 6. To determine Taylor Tool life exponents by Facing test 7. 7. To study the effect of cutting variables on surface finish in any cutting (Turning, Drilling, Milling, Shaping, grinding etc) operation 8. 8. Study of the effect of clearance and shear angle on the blanking and piercing operations 9. 9. To determine the effect of percentage of reduction and the semicone angle of the die on the drawing load. 10. 10. To find the effect of percentage of reduction and the die geometry on extruding force. 11. 11. Experimental determination of coefficient of friction for metal forming. 12. 12. Study of the drop forging operation (flow ability, forging load etc by plasticine model. 13. 13. To determine roll load in the sheet rolling process. 14. 14. Students will be given at least one practical problem regarding design and fabrication of Jig, Fixture or Press tool. 15. 15. To measure a gap with help of slip gauges 16. 16. Measurement of angle/taper using a sine bar. 17. 17. Study and use of a bore gauge. 18. 18. Flatness testing of a surface pate and machine tool bed by using a sensitive spirit level. 19. 19. Measurement of screw thread elements by tool Makers microscope and Inspection of various elements of screw thread by optical projector. 20. 20. To measure flatness and surface defects in the given test piece with the help of

monochromatic check light and optical flat. 21. 21. Measurement of chordal thickness of Gear tooth by Gear tooth vernier caliper. 22. 22. Use of three-wire method to determine the effective diameter of external threads. 23. 23. To study the capstan lathe, tool holders and attachments and to prepare the given job as per given drawing. 24. 24. Cutting forces measurement during milling using milling dynamometer. 25. 25. Measurement of flatness and roundness of a given machine/ground/lapped flat and round surface respectively using dial gauge.

7 ME 2: REFRIGERATION AND AIR CONDITIONING 3L+ 1T 100 Marks Ex. Hrs: 3 Unit 1 Introduction Refrigeration and second law of Thermodynamics, Refrigeration effect and unit of Refrigeration, Heat pump, reversed Carnot cycle. Vapour Compression Refrigeration System Analysis of simple vapour compression Refrigeration cycle by p-h and T-S diagram. Effect of operating conditions, liquid vapour heat exchangers, actual refrigeration cycle. Multiple Evaporator and compressor system. Application, air compressor system, Individual compressor, compound compression, cascade system. Application, air compressor systems, individual compressor, compound compression, cascade system. Unit 2 Gas cycle Refrigeration Limitation of Carnot cycle with gas, reversed Brayton cycle, Brayton cycle with regenerative H.E. Air cycle for air craft Necessity of cooling of air craft, Basic cycle, boot strap, regenerative type air craft refrigeration cycle. Unit 3 Vapour Absorption System

Simple Vapour absorption system, Electrolux Refrigerator, Analysis of Ammonia absorption refrigeration system, Lithium Bromide Absorption Refrigeration System. Refrigerants Classification, Nomenclature, selection of Refrigerants, global warming potential of CFC Refrigerants. Refrigeration Equipments Compressor, condenser, evaporator, expansion devices types & working. Unit 4 Psychrometry Psychrometric properties, psychometric relations, pyschrormetric charts, psychrometric processes, cooling coils, By-pass factor and air washers. Human Comfort Mechanism of body heat losses, factors affecting human comfort, effective temperature, comfort chart.

109 PRACTICAL GEOMETRY

1. (a) Lines, Lettering & Dimension (Sketch Book) (b) Scale-representative Fraction, Plan scale, Diagonal Scale, Vernier scales (In sheet) comparative Scale, & scale of chords (Sketch Book) 2. (a) Conic Section:Construction of Ellipse, Parabola & Hyperbola by different methods (In sheet) (b) Engineering curves:Construction of cycloid, Epicycloids, Hypocycloid and Involutes (In sheet) Archimedean and Logarithmic spiral, (Sketch book) 3. (a) Type of Projection, Orthographic Projection: First Angle and third Angle Projection (Sketch Book) (b) Projection of Points (Sketch Book) (c) Projection of Straight lines, different position of Straight lines, methods for determining True

length, true inclinations and Traces of straight lines (Four problems in sheet and three problems in (Sketch Book) (d) Projection of Planes: Different positions of Plane lamina like.:- Regular polygon, circle three of planes (Four problems in Drawing sheet and three problems in Sketch Book.) 4. (a) Projection of Solids:- Projection of right and regular Polyhedron, Prisms, Pyramids and cone (Four Problem in Drawing sheet and there in Sketch Book.) (b) Section of Solids:- Projection of Frustum of a cone and pyramid, Projection of Truncated Solids (like Prism, Pyramid, Cylinder and Cone) in different positions. 5. (a) Development of Surfaces:- Parallel line and Radial line method for right, regular solids (b) Isometric Projections:- Isometric Scales, Isometric Axes, Isometric Projection of Solids. Suggested Readings 1. Engineering Drawing Geometrical Drawing - P.S.Gill, S.K.Katara & Sons. 2. Engineering Drawing, Dhanarajay A Jolhe ,Tata McGraw Hill. 3. Engineering Drawing, Basant Agarwal & CM Agarwal ,Tata McGraw Hill. 4. Engineering Drawing, N.D.Bhatt, Charotar Publishing House Pvt. Ltd.

ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS
Linear Algebra: Matrix algebra, Systems of linear equations, Eigen values and eigen vectors. Calculus: Functions of single variable, Limit, continuity and differentiability, Mean value theorems, Evaluation of definite and improper integrals, Partial derivatives, Total derivative, Maxima and minima, Gradient, Divergence and Curl, Vector identities, Directional derivatives, Line, Surface and Volume integrals, Stokes, Gauss and Greens theorems. Differential equations: First order equations (linear and nonlinear), Higher order linear differential equations with constant coefficients, Cauchys and Eulers equations, Initial

and boundary value problems, Laplace transforms, Solutions of one dimensional heat and wave equations and Laplace equation. Complex variables: Analytic functions, Cauchys integral theorem, Taylor and Laurent series. Probability and Statistics: Definitions of probability and sampling theorems, Conditional probability, Mean, median, mode and standard deviation, Random variables, Poisson,Normal and Binomial distributions. Numerical Methods: Numerical solutions of linear and non-linear algebraic equations Integration by trapezoidal and Simpsons rule, single and multi-step methods for differential equations.

APPLIED MECHANICS AND DESIGN

Engineering Mechanics: Free body diagrams and equilibrium; trusses and frames; virtual work; kinematics and dynamics of particles and of rigid bodies in plane motion, including impulse and momentum (linear and angular) and energy formulations; impact. Strength of Materials: Stress and strain, stress-strain relationship and elastic constants, Mohrs circle for plane stress and plane strain, thin cylinders; shear force and bending moment diagrams; bending and shear stresses; deflection of beams; torsion of circular shafts; Eulers theory of columns; strain energy methods; thermal stresses. Theory of Machines: Displacement, velocity and acceleration analysis of plane mechanisms; dynamic analysis of slider-crank mechanism; gear trains; flywheels. Vibrations: Free and forced vibration of single degree of freedom systems; effect of damping; vibration isolation; resonance, critical speeds of shafts. Design: Design for static and dynamic loading; failure theories; fatigue strength and the S-N diagram; principles of the design of machine elements such as bolted, riveted and welded joints, shafts, spur gears, rolling and sliding contact bearings, brakes and clutches.

FLUID MECHANICS AND THERMAL SCIENCES

Fluid Mechanics: Fluid properties; fluid statics, manometry, buoyancy; control-volume analysis of mass, momentum and energy; fluid acceleration; differential equations of continuity and momentum; Bernoullis equation; viscous flow of incompressible fluids; boundary layer; elementary turbulent flow; flow through pipes, head losses in pipes, bends etc. Heat-Transfer: Modes of heat transfer; one dimensional heat conduction, resistance concept, electrical analogy, unsteady heat conduction, fins; dimensionless parameters in free and forced convective heat transfer, various correlations for heat transfer in flow

over flat plates and through pipes; thermal boundary layer; effect of turbulence; radiative heat transfer, black and grey surfaces, shape factors, network analysis; heat exchanger performance, LMTD and NTU methods. Thermodynamics:Zeroth, First and Second laws of thermodynamics; thermodynamic system and processes; Carnot cycle.irreversibility and availability; behaviour of ideal and real gases, properties of pure substances, calculation of work and heat in ideal processes; analysis of thermodynamic cycles related to energy conversion. Applications:Power Engineering: Steam Tables, Rankine, Brayton cycles with regeneration and reheat. I.C. Engines: air-standard Otto, Diesel cycles. Refrigeration and air-conditioning: Vapour refrigeration cycle, heat pumps, gas refrigeration, Reverse Brayton cycle; moist air: psychrometric chart, basic psychrometric processes. Turbomachinery:Pelton-wheel, Francis and Kaplan turbines impulse and reaction principles, velocity diagrams.

MANUFACTURING AND INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING

Engineering Materials: Structure and properties of engineering materials, heat treatment, stress-strain diagrams for engineering materials. Metal Casting: Design of patterns, moulds and cores; solidification and cooling; riser and gating design, design considerations. Forming: Plastic deformation and yield criteria; fundamentals of hot and cold working processes; load estimation for bulk (forging, rolling, extrusion, drawing) and sheet (shearing, deep drawing, bending) metal forming processes; principles of powder metallurgy. Joining: Physics of welding, brazing and soldering; adhesive bonding; design considerations in welding. Machining and Machine Tool Operations: Mechanics of machining, single and multipoint cutting tools, tool geometry and materials, tool life and wear; economics of machining; principles of non-traditional machining processes; principles of work holding, principles of design of jigs and fixtures Metrology and Inspection: Limits, fits and tolerances; linear and angular measurements; comparators; gauge design; interferometry; form and finish measurement; alignment and testing methods; tolerance analysis in manufacturing and assembly. Computer Integrated Manufacturing: Basic concepts of CAD/CAM and their integration tools. Production Planning and Control: Forecasting models, aggregate production planning, scheduling, materials requirement planning.

Inventory Control: Deterministic and probabilistic models; safety stock inventory control systems. Operations Research: Linear programming, simplex and duplex method, transportation, assignment, network flow models, simple queuing models, PERT and CPM.