OPEN anteriorly and discontinuous laterally Larynx also opens into the pharynx Forms common pathway for

air, liquids, food before being diverted into proper tubes You do also swallow air belching Accidental passage of food/liquid into larynx choke, aspirate something Consequences of a continuous pharynx Consequence of discontinuity of mm of pharynx Passing into the larynx in between them Consequence of discontinuity of mm of pharynx Passing into the larynx in between them Wraps over the cartilaginous portion of eustachian tube = torus tubialis Line of attachment of the pharynx to the base of the skull Pharyngeal ralphe attaches to point of skull at pharyngeal tubercle Tonsils produce antibodies. Waldeyer described = Your bodies first line of defense Acute tonsillitis Chronic tonsillitis repeated infections that the wall becomes hardenedcan get into the mediastinum and cause a lot of problems Can see the internal laryngeal nerve under the mucosa of the larynx for general afferents. Ariepiglottic fold is only the lateral portions of the inlet. Be aware of attachments when important clinically or interesting. Salphingopharyngeus - Acts on the pharyngotympanic tubes in addition ot elevating the pharynx Do not worry too much about the origins/insertions Pharyngeal plexus lies on top of the constricter mm posteriorly. Diverticula Everything you try to eat or swallow has a chance to pass through the diverticula and getting stuck rather than go through the esophagus. Classified by location: ZENKER is the one we care about Trying to swallow something but cant Bad breath from the food that gets stuck there Complications: aspirations abscesses in lungs Maxillary div. of trigeminal

Pharygeal branch of the pterygopalatine fossa that passes through the small canal on posterior wall that ends up in the nasopharynx. Visceral efferent are also coming from the pterygopalatine fossa. For parasympathetics, synapses on mucosa wall of glands. Gagging reflex: back of the throat therefore any sensation from this area is the glossopharyngeal Coughing/Choking: internal laryngeal br carries sensation when food is being stuck. More complicated efferent limb. Many many branches will send What artery does not contribute to bleeding in tonsillectmy? Exam type question The larger arteries will contribute to the tonsillar bed that bleeds in toncillectomy. These arteries supply both the palatine tonsillar bed as well as the pharynx.

Arytenoid: /Both the vestibular and vocal folds attach to this /do not worry abou the corniculate and cuneiform cartilages Cricoid cartilage anteriorly looks like a trachea ring but POSTERIORLY looks very tall and thickforms major part of the pharynx Arytenoid cartilages are sitting on the lamina of the cricoid cartilage Don not see the thyroid posteriorly, only anteriorly Features are more for your interest. The muscle above the cricoid cartilage is the muscle that goes between the arytenoid carilageso cannot see the arytenoid cartilage in lab but can see the muscle in sagittal view. Vagus innervates everythign of larynx just different subdivisions. Want them as far apart as possible lateral position when breathing hard Vestibular folds are on top of the vocal folds. Vocal folds not shut tight against each other median position Epiglottis flops down to close airway so food doesnt go down If aspirate something, then use the vestibular and vocal folds to close off the airway If coughing, contracting the abdominal mm to build up pressure to cough Speech is modulation of noise you make in laryns, which occurs in the tongue and cheek. Phonation is just to make noise, not speech. 3 separate branches of vagus: Superior laryngeal br

/internal /external laryngeal n cricothryoid m Recurrent laryngeal br /once it passes cricothryoid joint, it becomes the inferior laryngeal n will innervate all mm of larynx except the cricothryoid Efferent: phrenic nerve and recurrent laryngeal n and the muscles of the abdomin REMEMBER THE COUGH REFLEX FOR AFFERENT LIMB.