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A Culture medium: An artificial preparation which contains the essential elements and nutrients needed by the m.o to grow. (most bacteria &fungi) Strict intracellular organisms (e.g., some bacteria & all viruses) only cultures of living eukaryotic cells.
It may be: Liquid (broth) Solid (containing agar) Semisolid (containing low conc of agar)
Inoculation:
Placing the culture into the incubator at optimum temperature for growth.
Incubation:
Growth:
Multiplication (number) to quantities sufficient to be seen by naked eye.. Bacterial growth in the lab has 2 main forms: 1- Development of Colonies ( the macroscopic products of 20-30 cell divisions of a single bacterium on solid media) 2- Turbidity (macroscopic clumps) of a clear fluid medium.
Bacterial Growth
1- Macroscopical Examination (colony morphology): Characters of colonies. Hemolysis on blood agar. Pigment production. 2- Microscopical Examination: Examination of wet mount preparation. Examination of stained preparation.
3-Biochemical Tests: (The ability to attack various substances e.g., carbohydrate breakdown; or to produce particular metabolic products e.g., enzymes.
4-Additional Tests: such as seriological tests
Contamination: Introduction of undesirable m.o. Asepsis: Processes designed to prevent m.o. from reaching a protected environment. Aseptic technique: Practices used by microbiologists to exclude all organisms from contaminating media or contacting living tissues.
After incubation, each single deposited cell divide many times and finally form visible mass of growth COLONY.
and Staph.
S&S
Flam & Cool Aseptic technique Invert the plate and Incubate for 24h at 37
Description of Colonies
Sources of Contamination
Objective: To identify some of the sources of contamination present in the lab. in order to avoid them Contamination from hands. Contamination from breath. Contamination from air. Contamination from bench.
Sources of Contamination
1. Contamination from hands:
Sterile nutrient agar plate a b a- unwashed b- washed with water c- disinfected with alcohol c d d- control incubate the plate Inverted at 37c for 24 hr. Record the appearance of the plate
Sources of Contamination
2. Contamination from breath: Take a sterile nutrient agar plate Hold it in front of your mouth Cough and breath vigorously Invert the plate and incubate for 1 day at 37 c Record the appearance of the plate.
Sources of Contamination
3.Contamination from air: Expose one sterile nutrient agar plate on the bench for 30 min Invert the plate and incubate for 1 day at 37 c Record the colonial appearance
30 min
Sources of Contamination
4.Contamination from bench: Take a sterile nutrient agar plate and mark out 2 sections on its base Take a swab from unclean part of the bench and press it over one section Take another swab from cleaned part with disinfectant and press it over the second section Invert the plate and incubate for 1 day at 37 c Record the result.
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