ST 371 Midterm 1 Additional Practice Problems

1. True 2. True False False Probability plays an important role in the paradigm of statistics. Mutually exclusive events have no intersection.

= P( A) + P( B) . This is only true 3. True False For all events A and B, P( A B) = P( A) + P( B) P( A B) for mutually exclusive events; for any two events: P( A B)
Consider an experiment in which a weighted coin is tossed 2 times. The pmf for the number of heads obtained in the 3 tosses is: x 0 1 2 p(x) 0.11 0.34 0.55 4. What is the expected number of heads for this experiment? a. 1.00 b. 1.04 c. 1.44 d. 1.50

5. What is the variance of the number of heads for this experiment? a. 2.54 b. 0.54 c. 0.47 d. 0.24 6. What is E(4X+1) for this experiment? a. 5.12 b. 5.76 c. 6.76 d. 6.12

7. What is V(4X+1) for this experiment? a. 8.52 b. 7.52 c. 2.88 d. 1.88

8. Suppose X has a binomial distribution based on 16 trials and a 0.7 probability of success. What is standard deviation of X? a. 11. 2 b. 9.80 c. 3.36 d. 1.83
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Use the following for questions 9 and 10: Consider an experiment where a basketball player takes 2 free throws. For each shot, we record whether the player hits the shot (denoted H) or misses the shot (denoted M). 9. What is the sample space S for this experiment? a. S = {0, 1, 2} b. S = {H, M} c. S = {HH, MM, HM, MH} d. S = {Hit one, Hit both, Miss both }

10. What is the probability that the player hits exactly one shot? a. 1/2 b. 1/3 c. 1/4 d. 3/4

11. Suppose X has a hypergeometric distribution where the sample size is 5, the population size is 15 and the number of success in the population is 6. What is E(X)? a. 0.86 b. 1.20 c. 2.00 d. 2.24

12. Let X = {the number of typos on a page} in a 10 page document. Suppose X follows a Poisson distribution with an average of 3 typos per page. What is the variance of the number of typos in the entire document? a. 3 b. 9 c. 10 d. 30 13. An experiment has five possible outcomes, denoted A, B, C, D, and E, which are mutually exclusive. Which of the following assignments of probabilities are valid? a. P(A) = 0.21, P(B) = 0.26, P(C) = 0.58, P(D) = 0.01, P(E) = 0.06 b. P(A) = -0.10, P(B) = 0.30, P(C) = 0.10, P(D) = 0.60, P(E) = 0.10 c. P(A) = 0.18, P(B) = 0.19, P(C) = 0.20, P(D) = 0.21, P(E) = 0.22 d. P(A) = 0.20, P(B) = 0.12, P(C) = 0.05, P(D) = 0.50, P(E) = 0.08

14. An experiment has three outcomes, denoted A, B, and C, with probabilities: P(A)=0.3, P(B)=0.25, P(C)=0.1, P(A B)=0.04, P(A C)=0.03, P(B C)=0.04. Which outcomes are independent? a. A and B b. A and C c. B and C d. All three are dependent

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Short Answer: Show your work (e.g. a formula with all values plugged in) and round your final answer to 4 decimal places. 15. Screws from a certain brand are defective with probability 0.02 independently of each other. Let X = {the number of defective screws} in a package of 10 screws. a. What is the distribution of X? Bin(n=10, p=0.02)

b. What is the probability that 2 screws will be defective?

( = ) = (. )(. ) = .

Final Answer: _____ . ______ 16. Suppose that for a particular game, the probability of winning is 0.4. A team plays this game until they win for the third time. a. What is the distribution of games lost by this team before their third win? NegBin(r=3, p=0.4)

b. What is the probability that this team loses at least 2 games before their third win? = ( ) = ( < 2) = [( = ) + ( = )] = [. + . ] = . + ( + ( . )(. ) . )(. ) + Final Answer: ____0.8208_______

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17. Suppose that earthquakes occur in the western portion of the United States at an average rate of 2 per week. Let X = {the number of earthquakes that occur in the western portion of the United States in a week}. a. What is the distribution of X? Poi(=2)

b. What is the probability that at most 1 earthquake occurs during the next week? ( ) = ( = ) + ( = ) + = ! !

= . + . Final Answer: ____0.406_______ 18. A case of 20 burglar alarms contains 4 that are defective. Three of the alarms in this case are randomly selected and shipped to a customer. Let X = {the number of alarms shipped to the customer that are defective}. a. What is the distribution of X? Hyper(n=3, M=4, N=20)

b. What is the probability that all three shipped alarms are defective? ( = ) = = .

Final Answer: _____ . ______

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