Introduction to Networks

Types of Computer Network Topologies: Bus, Star, Ring Topology

What is a Network topology A topology is the characteristic of a communication network that is concern both with the physical configuration of the cabling that is used to inter connect communicating system and the logical way in which system view the structure of the network. Topology is the therefore physical or logical arrangement of computers Factors to consider when selecting a topology 1. Cost whatever transmission medium is chosen for a Local Area Network has to be physically installed in the building, this maybe a lengthy process including the installation cables and raceways. For a Network to be cost effective one would strive to minimize installation cost. This may be achieved by using the proper hardware linking the cables, good modems, cost effective computers to reduced cost 2. Flexibility one of the main benefit of a local Area Network is it ability to have the data processing and peripheral nodes distributed around a given area. This means that the computing power and equipment can be located close to the ultimate users. Because the arrangements of furniture, internal walls etc in the offices is often subject to change. The topology should allow for easy reconstruction of the network which involves moving existing nodes and adding new nodes 3. Reliability The topology chosen for the network can help by allowing the location of the fault to be detected and to provide some means of isolating the faults Diagramatic explanation of star topology

Types of Network Topologies Network star topology also known as Radial topology This topology consist of a central nodes to which all other nodes are connected, star topology is used in most existing information network involving data processing and voice communication. In many cases when a building is wired with a star topology, faced cables radiate out from the centre to intermediate connection point to wiring

cables. This allows sufficient connection point to be provided for one sub area, while providing flexibility in their allocation within that area Advantages of star topology

Diagnostic and isolation of problem is easy Easy to add a new computer system to the network Failure of one workstation does not affect the entire network Uses a single access protocols Provide ease of service Is very fast There is central node dependency Becomes expensive when purchasing the nodes Always requires very long cable length when connecting many nodes

Disadvantages of star topology