Analogue Mini Project Report

Course Title: Avionics System Student name: Shuhai Gao Student ID: 21047542 Date: 28/04/13

Abstract
In these few decades, with the technology developing in our world, it has become common to see the growing number of sensors is deployed for monitoring various infrastructure systems, which are made for monitoring, operational control, and safety. It is become more crucial to obtain and analyse the sensors information, as many intelligent systems use the data to detect the environmental situation in which it can provide warning signal to the user and ask them to take proper reaction, for instance, low/ high temperature warning system for electronic devices, smoke detect system and sink/stall warning system in airplane etc. In this report it is going to talk about an accelerometer sensor, which is used in this Mini-project. The project is aim to design a warning system, when the airplane is flying over a certain angle of roll and also the pitch altitude, it will to trigger the warning system. The warning signals are not just remind polite for their current state, but also ask them to take a proper action to deal with it; for the safety aspect, it is a vital sensor for keeping airplane flying safer and protecting passengers safe on board.

Introduction
The aims of this mini-project are making a proportional output range of 0V to 3.3 V from the sensor, with an appropriate anti-aliasing signal filter; what is more important, it should also include a warning indication to indicate the variable exceeding a set limit. The accelerometer sensor used in this project is called ADXL335, it is a small, thin, low power, complete 3-axis accelerometer with signal conditional voltage outputs; besides, it is not only can measure acceleration with a minimum full-scale range 3 g, but also the dynamic acceleration resulting from motion, shock, or vibration. What is more, it can measure the static acceleration of gravity in titl-sening application. In these days, acceleration sensor, it has been wildly evolved from small electronic devices to large applications, for example, mobile phones, disk driver protection, gaming controller, sports and health devices and airplane aviation system. According to the accelerometer sensor has a signal conditional voltage outputs in different angles, the changes of voltage can be monitored voltage meter and it is roughly 300mv/g. In any analog-to-digital process, there is a vital phenomenon need to be deal with, which the aliasing problem; in most of time, aliasing problem would cause poor, false data quality and low frequency signal. The worst case is the aliased data would be accepted and analyzed as a real data; fortunately, this problem can be noticed and eliminated by applying proper method like connect a low-pass filter. Without the effect of aliased data, a warning system can be design by comparing the various signal outputs from different axis and angles, which is involved the comparator in the circuit to compare the output voltage with a set voltage, once the non-inverting side of input is high than the inverting side of input, the output of comparator will be triggered into a high state, which is also means the alarm would be switched on for the next step. The design of this mini-project is plan to deploy in airplane, the output signals of X-axis and Y-axis of accelerometer sensor are being used for detecting the pitch altitude and angle of roll. The alarm will be triggered

when the pitch altitude is over the limit at above around + 55 degree less than 55 degree, and the angle of roll is above 45 degree. Especially, within the pitch altitude range from -90 degree to +90 degree, it will have a proportional output voltage range of 0- 3.3V from an operation amplifier.

Materials and Methods: Circuit diagram:

According to the circuit diagram provided above, it should

Table 1, the list of component Name of the component ADXL335 - Accelerometer LM324N OP AMP Buzzer Capacitor 0.1 uF Capacitor 1 uF Capacitor 10 uF Zener 3.3V Semi - conductor Transistor LED - Red 1M Potentiometer Resistor 10 Resistor 330 Resistor 140 Resistor 680 Number of component 1 2 1 1 1 5 1 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Resistor 910 Resistor 1.6k Resistor 2k Resistor 100k Resistor 910 Resistor 1.6k Resistor 2k Resistor 100k

1 4 5 1 1 4 5 1