04 Homeworkasd

Linguistics 170D
Assignment #4
Name:______________________________
Part I: Using the following phrase structure rules, provide tree diagrams for the sentences
below.
S NP VP
NP (Det) (AdjP) N (PP)
VP (AdvP) V (PP)
VP (AdvP) V NP (PP)
VP (AdvP) V AdjP
VP (AdvP) V S
AdjP (AdvP) Adj
PP P NP
AdvP (AdvP) Adv
1.
Tame beavers are very friendly.
2.
Young beavers with appetites eat the fish with pleasure.
3.
Beavers in this pond build dams with big rooms.
4.
The farmers believe the hungry beavers frighten the fish.
5.
Those beavers in the tranquil pond built a dam.
6.
The ambitious beavers in ponds near trees build dams.
7.
Beavers with teeth chase fish with pleasure.
8.
People say beavers build dams with tunnels.
9.
Beavers with appetites eat the fish with pleasure.
10. Beavers in shallow ponds build very small dams.
11. The farmers believe the beavers frighten the fish.
12. The beavers in the pond built a dam.
13. The people on farms near ponds frighten fish.
14. The farmers think beavers build dams with pleasure.
15. Fish in ponds with beavers swim with caution.
16. The beavers build dams in ponds near rivers.
Part II: Indicate which of the following transformations have applied in the sentences below
and provide the deep structure for each sentence.
Auxiliary Inversion
Do Insertion
Dative Movement
Prepositional Adverb Inversion
Wh Fronting
1.
The farmers gave the beavers fish.
AI
DI
DM
PI
WF
2.
Did the farmers give fish to the beavers?
AI
DI
DM
PI
WF
3.
Will the farmers give fish to the beavers?
AI
DI
DM
PI
WF
4.
The beavers scarfed the food down.
AI
DI
DM
PI
WF
5.
What will the beavers scarf down?
AI
DI
DM
PI
WF
6.
Did the beavers scarf down the fish?
AI
DI
DM
PI
WF
7.
Who gave fish to the beavers?
AI
DI
DM
PI
WF
8.
What did the beavers scarf down?
AI
DI
DM
PI
WF
9.
Can the beavers scarf the fish down?
AI
DI
DM
PI
WF
10. Will the farmers give the beavers grief?
AI
DI
DM
PI
WF
11. What did the farmers give the beavers?
AI
DI
DM
PI
WF
12. What will the beavers eat?
AI
DI
DM
PI
WF
13. Who gave the beavers fish?
AI
DI
DM
PI
WF
14. What did the farmers give to the beavers?
AI
DI
DM
PI
WF
15. The beavers scooped the fish up.
AI
DI
DM
PI
WF
16. The beavers scooped up what?
AI
DI
DM
PI
WF
17. The farmers gave the beavers what?
AI
DI
DM
PI
WF
18. The beavers can scarf down the fish.
AI
DI
DM
PI
WF
19. Who did the farmers give the fish to?
AI
DI
DM
PI
WF
20. Who will give the beavers fish?
AI
DI
DM
PI
WF
Part III: Provide Definitions for the following terms:

1. Subject
____________________________________________________________
2. Predicate ____________________________________________________________
3. Direct Object _________________________________________________________
4. Head _______________________________________________________________
5. Word Order _________________________________________________________
6. Ambiguity ____________________________________________________________
7. Compositional Meaning ________________________________________________
8. Semantic Role _________________________________________________________
9. Grammatical Relation ___________________________________________________
10. Homophone _________________________________________________________
11. Homograph _________________________________________________________
12. Polysemy ____________________________________________________________
13. Locution ____________________________________________________________
14. Illocution ____________________________________________________________
15. Presupposition
______________________________________________________
16. Entailment ____________________________________________________________
17. Synonymy ____________________________________________________________
18. Cooperative Principle ___________________________________________________

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Linguistics 170D

Tame beavers are very friendly.

Young beavers with appetites eat the fish with pleasure.

Beavers in this pond build dams with big rooms.

The farmers believe the hungry beavers frighten the fish.

Those beavers in the tranquil pond built a dam.

The ambitious beavers in ponds near trees build dams.

Beavers with teeth chase fish with pleasure.

People say beavers build dams with tunnels.

Beavers with appetites eat the fish with pleasure.

10. Beavers in shallow ponds build very small dams.

11. The farmers believe the beavers frighten the fish.

12. The beavers in the pond built a dam.

13. The people on farms near ponds frighten fish.

14. The farmers think beavers build dams with pleasure.

15. Fish in ponds with beavers swim with caution.

16. The beavers build dams in ponds near rivers.

The farmers gave the beavers fish.

Did the farmers give fish to the beavers?

Will the farmers give fish to the beavers?

The beavers scarfed the food down.

What will the beavers scarf down?

Did the beavers scarf down the fish?

Who gave fish to the beavers?

What did the beavers scarf down?

Can the beavers scarf the fish down?

10. Will the farmers give the beavers grief?

11. What did the farmers give the beavers?

12. What will the beavers eat?

13. Who gave the beavers fish?

14. What did the farmers give to the beavers?

15. The beavers scooped the fish up.

16. The beavers scooped up what?

17. The farmers gave the beavers what?

18. The beavers can scarf down the fish.

19. Who did the farmers give the fish to?

20. Who will give the beavers fish?

Part III: Provide Definitions for the following terms:

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