STPM Trial 2012 Chemistry Qa Kelantan

JABATAN PELAJARAN KELANTAN
TRIAL EXAMINATION
2012

CHEMISTRY (KIMIA)

SIJIL TINGGI PERSEKOLAHAN MALAYSIA
(MALAYSIA HIGHER SCHOOL EDUCATION)

PAPER 1 (KERTAS 1)
MULTIPLE-CHOICE (ANEKA PILIHAN)

One hour and forty-five minutes (Satu jam empat puluh lima minit)

Instructions to candidates :

DO NOT OPEN THIS BOOKLET UNTIL YOU TOLD TO DO SO

There are fifty questions in this paper. For each question, four suggested answers are
given. Choose one correct answer and indicate it on the multiple-choice answer sheet
provided.

Read the instructions on the multiple-choice answer sheet very carefully.
Answer all questions. Marks will not be deducted for wrong answers.

Arahan kepada calon :

JANGAN BUKA BUKU SOALAN INI SEHINGGA ANDA DIBENARKAN
BERBUAT DEMIKIAN

Ada lima puluh soalan dalam kertas ini. Bagi setiap soalan, empat cadangan
jawapan diberikan. Pilih satu jawapan yang betul dan tandakan jawapan itu pada
helaian jawapan aneka pilihan yang dibekalkan.

Baca arahan pada helaian jawapan aneka pilihan itu dengan teliti.
Jawab semua soalan. Markah tidak akan ditolak bagi jawapan yang salah.

This question paper consists of 18 printed pages
(Kertas soalan ini terdiri daripada 18 halaman bercetak)

962/1

http://www.chngtuition.blogspot.com

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* This question paper is CONFIDENTIAL until the examination is over. CONFIDENTIAL*

2
Section A

Four suggested answers labeled A, B, C, and D are given for each question. Choose
one correct answer.

1 The unit cell of an element M is shown below:

Given the volume of the unit cell is cm and the molar volume of M atoms is b
cm, what the value for the Avogadro constant?

A
14

C
12

D

4

2 Copper is usually obtained as a mixture of 69.09%
63
Cu isotope and 30.91%
65
Cu
isotope. If the masses of
63
Cu and
65
Cu isotopes are 62.93 amu and 64.93 amu
respectively, what is the relative atomic mass of copper?

A 63.62

B 63.55

C 63.93

D 64.31


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3
3 What is the maximum number of electrons in third shell of an atom?
A 2
B 8
C 18
D 32

5 Which of the following properties show a gradual increasing trend with
increasing proton number for the elements Sc and Cu?
A Density
B Boiling point
C Melting point
D First ionisation energy

6 Ar, K
+
, and Ca
2+
are isoelectronic. The order of increasing radii is
A Ca
2+
< K
+
< Ar
B Ca
2+
< Ar < K
+
C Ar < Ca
2+
<

K
+
D K
+
< Ar < Ca
2+

4 An element M has the following electron configuration.

What is M?
[Proton numbers: Ti = 22; V = 23; Mn = 25; Fe = 26; and Ni = 28]
A Nickel in [Ni(NH
3
)
6
]
2+
B Iron in Fe
2
(SO
4
)
3

C Titanium in TiO
2
D Manganese in MnO
4
2

3d
(Ar)
3s

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4
7 Which element possesses the strongest metallic bond?
A Magnesium
B Calcium
C Sodium
D Lithium

8 XH
3
is a gaseous hydride of an element in Group 15 of Periodic Table. Which of
the following shapes is most appropriate for the hydride molecule?
A V-shaped
B Trigonal pyramid
C Plane trigonal
D Tetrahedral

9 Which of the following molecules is polar?
A SF
6
B BCl
3
C SnCl
4
D CH
3
Cl

10 Magnesium metal is a good conductor of electricity. Which of the following
statements is true of the metal?
A The 3s orbital forms the valence and conduction band
B The electrons in 3s and 3p orbitals are delocalised
C The energy gap between the valence band and the conduction band is large
D Its conductivity is lower than silicon when the temperature increase


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5
11 The thermal decomposition of hydrogen iodide is a second order reaction.

Which of the following graphs is correct for this reaction?

A

B

C

D

2 HI(g) H
2
(g) + I
2
(g)

Time
[HI]
Time
R
a
t
e

[HI]
2
lg [HI]
Time

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6
12

The equilibrium constant, K
c
, for the reaction

is given by
A

C
B D

13 In the Contact process, sulphur dioxide is converted into sulphur trioxide
according to the following equation:

H is negative

Which of the following sets of conditions at equilibrium would give the highest
yield of sulphur trioxide?

Temperature Pressure Catalyst
A High High Present
B Low High None
C High Low None
D High High None

14 The solubility product of silver chloride is 1.0 10
-10
mol
2
dm
-6
. What mass of
silver chloride will dissolve in 1 dm
3
of a solution of sodium chloride with a
concentration of 0.10 mol dm
-3
?
A 1.0 10
-14
mol dm
-3

B 1.0 10
-10
mol dm
-3

C 1.0 10
-9
mol dm
-3

D 1.0 10
-5
mol dm
-3

2NH
3
(g) + 3CuO(s) 3Cu(s) + N
2
(g) + 3H
2
O(g)

[Cu]
3
[N
2
][H
2
O]
3

[NH
3
]
2
[CuO]
3

[N
2
] [H
2
O]
3

[NH
3
]
2

[N
2
][H
2
O]
[NH
3
]

3[N
2
] [H
2
O]
2 [NH
3
]

2SO
2
(g) + O
2
(g) 2SO
3
(g);

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7
15 Which of the following species could behave as an acid and a base according to
Bronsted- Lowry theory?
A HCO
3
-
B CO
3
2-
C OH
-
D HCl

16 The partition coefficient of substance X between ether and water is 8.0 at room
temperature. An aqueous solution containing 5.0 g of X in 100cm
3
of water is
extracted with 100cm
3
of ether. What is the maximum mass of X that can be
extracted into the ether layer?
A 0.35 g
B 2.34 g
C 4.44 g
D 3.98 g

17 The chromatogram below is obtained from thin layer chromatography of a sample
of amino acid P, Q, R and S.

Base on the R
f
value in the table below, deduce the amino acids present in the
sample.
Amino acid R
f
value
P 0.16
Q 0.32
R 0.68
S 0.84

A P and S
B Q and R
C P and Q
D P and R

8.4 cm
6.8 cm
Solvent front
Base line
10 cm

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8
18 Consider the half-cells below:

Cu
+
+ e
-
Cu E

= +0.52 V
Cu
2+
+ e
-
Cu
+
E

= +0.52 V

What is the E
for the reaction :

2Cu
+
Cu
2+
+ Cu
A

-0.68V

C +0.36V

B

-0.36V

D

0.00V

19 Which of the following is not true for the Daniel cell?
A The e.m.f is 1.10V
B Its anode has a negative charge.
C It function as an electrolysis cell
D Electrons flow from the zinc electrode to the copper electrode

20 Which of the following compounds is expected to have the most negative lattice
energy?
A LiF
B LiBr
C NaCl
D NaF

21 Which of the following processes involves the enthalpy of formation?
A H
2
(g) + O(g) H
2
O(l)
B 2CO(g) + O
2
(g) 2CO
2
(g)
C Na
+
(g) + Cl
-
(g) NaCl(s)
D
2C(s) + 3H
2
(g) + O
2
(g) C
2
H
5
OH(l)


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9

23 Which of the following elements in the same period of the Periodic Table has the
highest boiling point?

A Sodium

B Sulphur

C Aluminium

D Magnesium

24 Which of the following shows the changes in properties of oxides of Group 14
elements (carbon to lead) in the Periodic Table?

A Acidic basic neutral

B Acidic neutral basic

C Acidic amphoteric basic

D Basic amphoteric acidic

25 Which of the following statements about Group 14 elements (carbon to lead) of
the Periodic Table is true?

A Only CCl
4
is hydrolysed by water.

B Only oxides of tin and lead are amphoteric.
C All oxide of elements give oxygen gas when heated strongly.
D +2 oxidation state of elements becomes more stable when moving down the
group.

22 Which of the following is the correct physical property of elements across the
Third Period from sodium to chlorine in the Periodic Table?

A Size of atoms increases.

B Melting point decreases.

C Electronegativity decreases.

D First ionization energy increases.

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10

26 Which statement about the properties of the tetrachlorides of Group 14, CCl
4
to
SnCl
4
, is correct?
A They are all polar molecules.
B Their melting points increase down the group.
C Their boiling points decrease down the group.
D Tin (IV) chloride is the only ionic tetrachloride.

27 Nitrogen is very non-reactive at low temperatures because the gas
A has half-filled p orbitals.
B has high atomisation energy.
C exists as diatomic molecules.
D has a stable electron configuration.

28 Which of the following statements is not true about halogens?
A Solubility in water decreases.
B They exist as diatomic molecules.
C Reactivity with hydrogen increases down the group.
D They become darker in colour moving down the group.

29 Which of the following elements in the first series of transition elements does not
show general characteristics of a transition element?

A Copper

B Nickel

C Scandium

D Vanadium


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11
30 An organic compound has the structure

Which of the following is not true regarding the compound?
A It exihibits geometrical isomerism
B It exihibits optical isomerism
C It decolorises acidified potassium manganate (VII)
D It is insoluble in water

31 Benzene reacts with a mixture of concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulphuric
acid to produce nitrobenzene according to the equation:

C
6
H
6
+ HNO
3
C
6
H
5
NO
2
+ H
2
O

What is the function of sulphuric acid in the above reaction?
A To protonate the nitric acid
B To eliminate the water produced
C To prevent di-substitution from occurring
D To prevent oxidation of benzene by nitric acid

32

The reaction mechanism between chlorine and methane is shown below:

Cl
2
2Cl (i)
CH
4
+ Cl CH
3
+HCl (ii)
CH
3
+ Cl
2
CH
3
Cl + Cl (iii)
Which of the following is not true regarding the reaction?

A Reaction (i) requires ultra-violet light

B
The reaction can occur in the dark if the mixture is heated with benzoyl
peroxide

C CH
3
Cl is the only product formed

D A little C
2
H
6
is also formed in the reaction

H
2
SO
4

CH
3

C
CH
3
CH
2


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12
33 The scheme below shows the production of compound Z from 2-propanol.

Which of the following are X, Y and Z?

X Y Z

A Br
2

B Br
2

C PBr
3

D PBr
3

CH
3
CHOH
CH
3

CH
3
CHBr
CH
3

CH
3

CH
3
CHMgBr
X
Y Z
H
2
O/H
+

CrO
3
Mg
CH
3
C=O
CH
3

CH
3

CH
3
CH C
CH
3

CH
3

OH
CH
3
C=O
CH
3
CH
3

CH
3
CHCH
2
CH
2
CH
2
OH
CH
3
C=O
CH
3

CH
3
C=O
CH
3

CH
3

CH
3
CH C
CH
3

CH
3

OH
CH
3

CH
3
CH C
CH
3

CH
3

OH

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13

35 When a compound P which does not react with acidified solution of potassium
dichromate (VI), is heated with aluminium oxide, compound Q is produced. The
compound Q can decolourise bromine water. If Q is treated with hydrogen bromide,
2-bromo-2-methylpropane is produced.
Compound P could be

A butan-2-one
B propan-2-ol
C butan-2-ol
D 2-methylpropan-2-ol

36 Which of the following compounds could be the main product when ethanoic acid is
treated with lithium tetrahydridoaluminate (III) ?

A CH
3
CH
3
B CH
2
=CH
2
C CH
3
CHO
D CH
3
CH
2
OH

34 A compound Z shows the following properties:

(i) Reacts with sodium to give a combustible gas
(ii) Reacts with benzoyl chloride to give a precipitate
(iii) Reacts with aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide to give a salt

Compound Z could be

A

B

C

D

OH
OH

CH
2
OH

CHO

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14
37 Acarol is sold as insecticides for fruits and vegetables.

Acarol
The last step in its manufacture is esterification. Which alcohol is used to make the
above ester?

A Di(4-bromophenyl)methanol
B Methanol
C Propan-1-ol
D Propan-2-ol

38 The correct order of increasing basicity of ammonia, ethylamine and phenylamine is
A ammonia < ethylamine < phenylamine
B phenylamine < ammonia < ethylamine
C ethylamine < phenylamine < ammonia
D phenylamine < ethylamine < ammonia

39
Which of the following statements about 2-aminopropanoic acid and aminoethanoic
acid is not true?
A both are optically active
B Both form a salt with mineral acid
C Both react with nitric (III) acid
D Both form zwitterions in aqueous solutions

C

Br

C

O CH

Br
OH CH
3
CH
3

=

O

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15
Section B

For each of the questions in this section one or more of the three numbered
statements 1 to 3 may be correct. Decide whether each of the statements is or is not
correct. The responses A to D should be selected on the basis of the following.

40 Which of the following pairs are monomers of a condensation polymer?

A CH
3
O
2
CCCH
2
CH
2
COOCH
3
and CH
2
=CHCH=CH
2

B

and H
2
N(CH
2
)NH
2

C

O=CHCH
2
CH
2
CH=O and

D

and H
2
NCH
2
CH
2
NH
2

41 Which of the following statements are correct for the elements in the Periodic
Table?
1 The elements are arranged in the order of increasing proton number.
2 The atomic radii increases down a group.
3 Electronegativity increase across a period.

42 Which of the following are true of a first order reaction?
1 The rate constant is dependent on the temperature.
2 The half-life is independent of the initial reactant concentration
3 The units of the rate constant is time
-1.

A B C D
1 only
is correct
1 and 2
are correct
2 and 3 only
are correct.
1 , 2, and 3
are correct.
OH

HO
CH
3
CH
3

COOH

HOOC

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16

43 In the Nernst equation,

E
cell
= E
o
cell
+
ln

Which of the following quantities can have both positive and negative values?
1
[Oxidation form]
[reduced form]
2 E

3 T

44 Which of the following properties of ammonia can be explained in terms of
hydrogen bonding?
1 It is very soluble in water.
2 It is a base.

3 The liquid form contains the ions NH
4
+
and NH
2
-

45 Why are most catalysts transition elements or their compounds?
1 They have a high charge density.
2 They show variable oxidation states.
3 They have available d orbitals for bonding.

46 Ethene and ethane can be differentiated by using
1 acidified KMnO
4

2 bromine in the absence of light

3 concentrated sulphuric (VI) acid

A B C D
1 only
is correct
1 and 2
are correct
2 and 3 only
are correct.
1 , 2, and 3
are correct.
ln

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17

48 Oxidation of pentane-2-ol produces compound X. X is expected to
1 give an orange precipitate with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine
2 give a negative reaction with Tollens reagent
3 give a yellow precipitate with alkaline iodine

A B C D
1 only
is correct
1 and 2
are correct
2 and 3 only
are correct.
1 , 2, and 3
are correct.
47 One mole of organic compound, X, reacts with two moles of sodium hydroxide
on heating. X could be,
1

2

3

CHCl
2

Cl
Cl
CH
2
Cl Cl

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18
49 Z, C
2
H
5
NO
2
, reacts with nitrous acid to release nitrogen gas. 10cm
3
of a solution
containing 0.75g dm
-3
of Z requires 10cm
3
of 0.01 mol dm
-3
sodium hydroxide
for complete reaction. Which of the following is/ are true regarding Z?
1 It is an amino acid
2 It contains one COOH group in its molecule
3 It is an amide

50 Clearfilm is manufactured from a polymer made by copolymerizing

1

2

3

END OF QUESTION PAPER
CH
2
=CHCl and CH
2
=CCl
2

--CHClCH
2
CCl
2
--
--CH
2
CHClCCl
2
--
--CCl
2
CCl
2
CH
2
CHCl--
CONFIDENTIAL* 962/2
This question paper is CONFIDENTIAL until the examination is over. CONFIDENTIAL*
2
SECTION A
Answer all the questions in this section.

1(a) Nitrogen is used in the packing of junk food to keep the food fresher for a longer
period.
(i) Write the electronic configuration of the nitrogen atoms. [1 mark]

.

(ii) Nitrogen can form the NCl
3
molecule only, but phosphorous can form both the PCl
3

as well as PCl
5
molecule. Draw the Lewis diagram for NCl
3
and PCl
5
and Predict the polarity
NCl
3
and PCl
5
. [4 marks]

(iii) Show and label the overlapping orbital of N
2
H
4
.

[3 marks]

CONFIDENTIAL* 962/2
3
(b) The diagram below shows the four electron transitions in the hydrogen atom.
(i) Base on the energy level diagram, sketch the line spectrum formed
from these transition. [2 marks]

2 Some standard electrode potentials are shown below.

Half Reaction E
o
/V

Ag
+
+ Ag

+ 0.80

Cl
2
+ Cl
-

+ 1.36

Cu
2+
+ 2 Cu

+ 0.34

Fe
3+
+ Fe
2+

+ 0.77

I
2
+ I
-

+ 0.54

(a) The diagram below shows an incomplete cell consisting of Cu/Cu
2+
and Ag/Ag
+

half-cells under standard conditions.

Energy
n=5
n=4
n=3
n=2
n=1
CONFIDENTIAL* 962/2
4

(i) Complete and label the diagram to show how the cell potential of this cell
could be measured. [2 marks]
(ii) On the diagram, show the direction of electron flow in the circuit. [1 mark]
(iii) Write the cell diagram for the above set-up. [1 mark]
...............................................................................................................
(iv) Write the overall cell reaction. [1 mark]
.................................................................................................................
(v) Calculate the standard cell potential. [1 mark]

(vi) Calculate the cell potential if the solution in the right beaker is replaced with
0.10 mol dm
-3
aqueous silver nitrate, other factors remaining unchanged. [ 2 marks]

(b) Chlorine will oxidise Fe
2+
to Fe
3+
but iodine will not. Explain why using the electrode
potential data. [2 marks]

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................................

CONFIDENTIAL* 962/2
5
3(a) (i) What do you understand by the term complex ion? [2 marks]

(ii) 1,2-ethenediamine is a chelating ligand. Explain the term chelating ligand.
[1 mark]

.

(b) A series of experiments were carried out on an aqueous solution of copper(II) sulphate.

Experiment Observation
Aqueous sodium hydroxide is added to
copper(II) sulphate solution

A blue precipitate is formed
Aqueous ammonia is added to
copper(II) sulphate solution until in
excess

The blue precipitate dissolves and a dark
blue solution is obtained

(i) Write the formula of all the complex ions in the experiments [2 marks]

(ii) Arrange the ligands in order of increasing strength with respect to copper(II). Explain
your answer. [2 marks]

..

(iii) Explain why transition element complex are often coloured , whereas
compounds of other metals are usually white. [3 marks]

.

.

CONFIDENTIAL* 962/2
6

4(a) Aspartame is an artificial sweetener which is 180 times sweeter than sugar.
The structural formula of aspartame is

H
2
N CH

- CO NH CH COO CH
3

| |
CH
2
CH
2

| |
COOH

(i) Name four different functional groups in the molecule of aspartame.
[4 marks]

(ii) Identify two of the functional groups which contribute to its solubility in
water. Give reasons for your answer. [2 marks]

(b) Aspartame can be hydrolyses into its constituent parts under certain conditions.

(i) Suggest the reagent and condition for hydrolysis. [1 mark]

....

(ii) Draw the structural formulae of all organic molecules obtained by hydrolysis
aspartame. [3 marks]

CONFIDENTIAL* 962/2
7
SECTION B
Answer any four questions in this section.

5(a) Krypton is used to fill fluorescent lights and photo graphic flash lamps.
(i) Use the following data to sketch a phase diagram for krypton [4 marks]

(ii) What is meant by the term triple point ? [1 mark]
(iii) What are the physical states of krypton under P = 5.3 atm , T = -153C and
P= 65 atm , T = 250C [2 marks]
(iv) Can a sample of gaseous krypton at room temperature be liquefied by raising
its pressure? Explain why? [2 marks]

(b) At 101 kPa, the boiling points of pure ethanol and water are 78.5C and 100.0C
respectively. A solution of ethanol and water forms an azeotropic mixture with a boiling
point of 78.2C. The percentage by mass of ethanol in the mixture is 96.0% ethanol.The
boiling point-composition curve for the ethanol-water mixture is shown below.

(i) This mixture does not obey Raoult law. State the type of deviation and
explain. [3 marks]

(ii) Briefly explain how pure ethanol can be obtained from a 70% ethanol mixture.
[3 marks]

Pressure/atm Temperature/C
Triple point 0.175 -169
Critical point 54 -63
Melting point 1 -156.6
Boiling point 1 -152.3
Temperature/
o
C
(C)
0% 100%
78.5
100
96%
78.2
composition
CONFIDENTIAL* 962/2
8
6(a) 1.00 g of solid potassium hydroxide was dropped into 50.0 cm
3
(50.0 g) of aqueous
hydrogen chloride (slightly in excess) contained in a polystyrene cup. A temperature change
from 30.0
o
C to 40.0
o
C was recorded with a thermometer in the solution.
(The specific heat capacity of the solution is 4.0 J K
-1
g
-1
).

(i) Define the heat of neutralization. [2 mark]
(ii) Write a balance equation for the above equation. [1 mark]
(iii) From the experimental data provided, calculate H for the reaction.
[3 marks]
(iv) Give one important reason why it is preferable to use a polystyrene cup
instead of a glass beaker. [1 mark]
(v) Why should the solution stirred during the reaction. [1 mark]

(b) Octane, C
8
H
18
is used as fuel.

(i) Define the heat of combustion with related to octane . [1 mark]
(ii) Write a balance equation for the combustion of octane in excess oxygen.
[1 mark]

(iii) Calculate the standard enthalpy of combustion of octane by using the
following information.
H
f
of CO
2
-394 kJ mol
-1

H
f
of H
2
0 -286 kJ mol
-1

H
f
of C
8
H
18
-250 kJ mol
-1
[3 marks]
(iv) How is the knowledge of standard enthalpy of combustion useful to a chemist
other than that of as fuel? [2 marks]

CONFIDENTIAL* 962/2
9
7(a) The table below gives the melting point for each of the Period 3 elements Na to Ar.

(i) Describe and explain the difference between the electrical conductivities of the
elements aluminium, silicon and phosphorus. [4 marks]

(ii) When aluminium combines with chlorine, it results in the formation of
aluminium chloride. Aluminium chloride can further react with chloride ions as
shown by the equation below.

AlCl
3
+ Cl
AlCl
4

Explain how the bond between aluminium chloride and the chloride ion is
formed. [3 marks]

(b) The table below shows the elements in group II of the periodic table.

Element
Beryllium
Magnesium
Calcium
Strontium
Barium

(i) State and explain the differences in bonding between beryllium chloride and
magnesium chloride. [3 marks]

(ii) Sulphates of the Group II elements have different solubilities. State and
explain the trend in solubilities. [2 marks ]

(iii) A student on a field trip investigates some disused mining pools which have
been flooded for some time. The presence of barium ions in the water is to be
demonstrated by precipitating barium(II) sulphate. The solubility of barium(II)
sulphate in water at 25
o
C is 1.05 x 10
-5
mol dm
-3
. Calculate its solubility product
and state one use that depends upon this insolubility. [3 marks]

CONFIDENTIAL* 962/2
10
8 Ammonia is one of the best-known compounds. It is prepared industrially from
nitrogen and hydrogen by the Haber process. The equation for the main reaction in the Haber
process is
N
2
(g) + 3H
2
(g) 2NH
3
(g) H = negative
The table below gives information about the percentage yields of ammonia obtained in the
Haber process under different conditions.

Pressure/atm
Temperature/C
200 300 400 500
10
100
200
300
400
600
50.7
81.7
89.1
89.9
94.6
95.4
14.7
52.5
66.7
71.1
79.7
84.2
3.9
25.2
38.8
47.1
55.4
65.2
1.2
10.6
18.3
24.4
31.9
42.3

(a) (i) From the table, state the conditions that gives the higher yield of ammonia.
[2 marks]
(ii) State a suitable catalyst .
[1 mark]

(b) Ammonia can be oxidised by air to form nitrogen oxide.

4NH
3
(g) + 5O
2
(g) 4NO(g) + 6H
2
O(g) H= -909kJmol
-1

This reaction forms the first stage in the manufacture of nitric acid from ammonia.
Using Le Chatelier s principle state and explain the change in equilibrium yield
of nitrogen oxide caused by:

(i) Increasing the pressure at constant temperature [3 marks]
(ii) Increasing the temperature at constant pressure [3 marks]
(iii)The industrial process is operated at a temperature of about 900C. Suggest a
reason for this temperature. [2 marks]

(c) An aqueous solution of nickel(II) chloride reacts with aqueous ammonia to form a
precipitate X. The precipitate X dissolves in excess aqueous ammonia to give a
solution Y. State the colours of X and Y and also write the chemical formula of each.
[4 marks]

CONFIDENTIAL* 962/2
11

9(a) An amount of 0.01 mole of a hydrocarbon is burnt in excess oxygen. The products of
the combustion are passed through anhydrous calcium chloride and then through potassium
hydroxide solution. The masses of anhydrous calcium chloride and potassium hydroxide
solution increase by 0.72 g and 1.76 g respectively.

(i) Determine the empirical formula of the hydrocarbon. [4 marks]
(ii) Determine the relative molecular mass of the hydrocarbon and hence its
molecular formula. [4 marks]

(b) Draw the structure of the major product of each of the following reactions.

(i) + NH
3
ethanol
[1 marks]

(ii) (CH
3
)
2
CBr
2
+ NaOH [1 marks]

(iii) [1 marks]

(c) The molecular structure of compounds T is given below.

What are the organic products expected when T is reacted with each of the following
reagents ?
(i) H
2
/ Pt [1 marks]
(ii) LiAlH
4
, followed by H
3
O
+
[1 marks]
(iii) I
2
/ NaOH [2 marks]

Br

CHO

(i) CH
3
CH
2
MgBr
(ii) H
3
O
+

O

CH
3
C CH
2
=O
CONFIDENTIAL* 962/2
12
10(a) Natural rubber is cis-poly(2-methyl-1,3-butadiene). Physical properties are altered
after vulcanisation process.

(i) Draw a repeating unit for the above polymer. [1 mark]

(ii) What characteristic must be present in the molecule of the polymer so that the
vulcanisation process can be carried out? [1 mark]

(iii) State two changes in the physical properties of natural rubber after the
vulcanisation. [2 marks]

(iv) If an excess of the vulcanising agent is added during the vulcanisation process,
what would be the change in the physical properties of the natural rubber ? [1 mark]

(v) State the vulcanising agent and draw the structure of vulcanised rubber.
[2 marks]
(vi) Natural rubber is a type of elastomer. What would you understand by the term
elastomer?
[1 mark]

(b) The possible mechanism for hydrolysis of 3-bromo-3-methylhexane by hydroxide ion,
OH
-
is as follows:

slow

C
3
H
7
- C(OH)(CH
3
)-C
2
H
5

(i) Write the rate equation for the above mechanism. [1 mark]

(ii) What will happen to the rate of reaction if OH
-
is replaced by CN
-
?
Explain your answer. [2 marks]

(iii) Name the above mechanism. [1 mark]

(iv) 3-bromo-3-methylhexane shows stereoisomerism. Name the type of isomerism
and draw all the structural formulae of this isomers. [3 marks]

C
3
H
7
- C(Br)(CH
3
)-C
2
H
5

C
3
H
7
- C(CH
3
)-C
2
H
5
+ OH
-

+
C
3
H
7
- C(CH
3
)-C
2
H
5

+
fast
STPM TRIAL 2012
Suggested Answer
Chemistry 962/1

1 D 11 C 21 D 31 A 41 D
2 B 12 B 22 D 32 C 42 D
3 C 13 B 23 C 33 D 43 B
4 B 14 C 24 C 34 B 44 A
5 A 15 A 25 D 35 D 45 C
6 A 16 C 26 B 36 D 46 B
7 B 17 A 27 B 37 D 47 A
8 B 18 C 28 C 38 B 48 D
9 D 19 C 29 C 39 A 49 B
10 A 20 A 30 A 40 D 50 A

CONFIDENTIAL* 962/2
1

CHEMISTRY MARKING SCHEME
STPM TRIAL 2012

1 (a) (i) N : 1s
2
2s
2
2p
3
[1]
(ii)

NCl
3
PCl
5

NCl
3
: Polar molecule PCl
5
: non-polar molecule

[1]+[1]

[1]+[1]
(iii)
Overlapping orbital of N
2
H
4

Label the hybrid orbital
Show overlapping
Label sigma() bond

[1]
[1]
[1]

(b) (i)

[1]+[1]

TOTAL MARKS

10

Increasing frequency

N N
H
H
H
H

P

x

x

x

x

x

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

Cl

P

x

x

x

x x

N
Cl
Cl
Cl
CONFIDENTIAL* 962/2
2

2 (a) (i)

[1]
[1]

(ii) Direction of electron flow from Cu(s) to Ag(s) (must be in/close to wire)

[1]

(iii) Cu(s)|Cu
2+
(aq)// Ag
+
(aq)|Ag(s)

[1]
(iv) Cu(s) + 2Ag
+
(aq) Cu
2+
(aq) + 2Ag(s)

[1]

(v) E
o
cell
= ( 0.34) + ( +0.80) or
= + 0.46 V

[1]

(vi) Nernst Equation
2
2
] [
] [
log
2
059 . 0
+
+
=
Ag
Cu
E E
o
cell cell

or

V 40 . 0
10 . 0
00 . 1
log
2
059 . 0
) 46 . 0 (
2
+ =
|
.
|
\
|
+ =

[1]

[1]
(c) Standard electrode potential for chlorine is more positive than Fe
3+

therefore it is a better oxidising agent than Fe
3+
(do not accept E
o
is
larger or smaller)
Standard electrode potential for iodine is less positive than Fe
3+

therefore it is a poorer oxidising agent than Fe
3+
.
(Accept release of electrons/equilibrium arguments)

Or calculation

[1]

[1]
TOTAL MARKS 10
CONFIDENTIAL* 962/2
3

3 (a) (i) An ion which formed when a metallic ion is bonded to a group of ligand
by dative bonds
[1]
[1]

(ii) Ligand that can donate more than one lone pair electrons

[1]

(b) (i)
[Cu(H
2
O)
6
]
2+
; [Cu(H
2
O)
4
(OH)
2
] ; [Cu(NH
3
)
4
]
2+

3 corrects
2 corrects

[2]
[1]

(ii) H
2
O < OH
-
< NH
3

A stronger ligand is able to displace a weaker ligand from the complex
ion

[1]

[1]
(iii)
Transition metal ions have incomplete 3d-subshell / d
1
to d
9

d-d electronic transition is possible
non transition metal / other metal have either completely filled 3d orbitals or
no 3d electron or no d-d electronic transition

[1]
[1]

[1]

TOTAL MARKS 10

CONFIDENTIAL* 962/2
4

4 (a) (i) Carboxyl, amino, ester and amide [4]

(ii) Amine and carboxylic acid.

This amino acid can exist as zwitterions
Attraction between this ion with polar water molecules is responsible for
it solubility
[1]

[1]

(b) (i) Heat with dilute sulphuric acid / H
2
SO
4
/ H
+
[1]

(ii)

[1]

+ _
H
3
N CH COO
|
CH
2

|

[1]

[1]

TOTAL MARKS 10

OH
|
H - C - H
|
H

+ _
H
3
N CH

COO
|
CH
2

|
COOH
CONFIDENTIAL* 962/2
5

P/atm
T/C
Liquid
54
Critical point
0.175
Triple
point
-169 -63
5 (a) (i)

Correct x-axis , y-axis and label
Correct curve
All point label
All phases label

[1]
[1]
[1]
[1]

(ii) Conditions of temperature and pressure under which a substance can
exist in the solid, liquid and gas in equilibrium

[1]

(iii) Liquid
Gas
[1]
[1]

(iii) Cannot
Because room temperature is above critical temperature
[1]
[1]

(b) (i) Positive deviation

Because hydrogen bonds /attractive forces between ethanol and water
molecules are weaker than those between the pure molecules

Hence the ethanol and water molecules easily escape from this mixture.
or
total vapour pressure is higher than predicted

[1]

[1]

[1]

(ii) Fractional distillation.

Distillate is an azeotropic mixture / 96% ethanol.

Pure ethanol can be obtained by adding anhydrous calcium oxide to
remove water.(any other drying agent)

[1]

[1]

[1]

15

Solid
Gas
CONFIDENTIAL* 962/2
6

6 (a) (i) The standard enthalpy of neutralization, H
neut
is the enthalpy
change when one mole of hydrogen ions, H
+
(aq), reacts with one
mole of hydroxide ions, OH
-
(aq),
to form one mole of water under standard condition.

[1]
[1]
(ii) KOH(aq) + HCl(aq) KCl(s) + H
2
O(l) [1]

(iii)
Molar mass of KOH = 39.1 + 16.0 + 1.0 = 56.1
Amount of KOH used =

= 0.0179 mol
Or = 1.79 x 10
-2
mol
Heat evolved = mc
Or = 50.0 x 4.0 x (40.0 -30.0)
= 2000 J or
= 2.00 kJ

H = -

Or = -112 kJ mol
-1

[1]

[1]

[1]

(iv) Polystyrene cup is a good heat insulator and has a low heat capacity.

[1]

(v) Stirring speeds up dissolving and so minimize heat loss during the
dissolving process by reducing the duration of the experiment.
Or
It also provides even distribution of temperature.

[1]
(b) (i) The standard enthalpy of combustion is the heat released when one
mole of octane is completely burned in excess oxygen under
standard condition.

[1]

(ii) 2C
8
H
18
(l) + 25O
2
(g) 16CO
2
(g) + 18H
2
O [1]

(iii) 2C
8
H
18
(l) + 25O
2
(g) 16CO
2
(g) + 18H
2
O

H
f
: 2(-250) 0 16(-394) 18(-286)

or H = [18H
f
(H
2
O) + 16H
f
(CO
2
)] [2H
f
(C
8
H
18
) +
25H
f
(O
2
)]

= [18(-286) + 16(-394)] [2(-250) + 25(0)]
= -10952 kJ mol
-1

= -1.09 x 10
4
kJ mol
-1

[1]

[1]

[1]
(iv) When storing chemical substances with high enthalpy of combustion,
they must be protected from sunlight or sources of heat.

Or to present explosion
[1]

[1]
TOTAL MARKS 15
CONFIDENTIAL* 962/2
7

7

(a)
(i)
Aluminium is a good conductor.
Silicon and phosphorus are non-conductors.
Aluminium has metallic bond with delocalized electrons.
Silicon & phosphorus have localized electrons /do not have
delocalized electrons.
[1]
[1]
[1]

[1]

(ii) Dative bond
Electron pair/lone pair donated from Cl
-
to Al/AlCl
3

Diagram

[1]
[1]
[1]

(b) (i) Beryllium chloride is covalent.

Magnesium chloride is ionic.

The beryllium atom is much smaller than the magnesium atom,
more difficult for it to transfer electrons to the chlorine atoms,
instead it shares the electrons

[1]

[1]

[1]

(ii) Solubility of the group 2 sulphates decreases down the group from
beryllium to barium.

Going down the group,
lattice enthalpy decreases slowly (since the sulphate ion is large )
but hydration enthalpy shows a larger decrease

hence the enthalpy of solution becomes more positive.

[1]

[1]

[1]

(iii) BaSO
4
(s) Ba
2+
(aq) + SO
4
2-
(aq) (1)

Each mole of barium sulphate dissolves to give 1 mole of barium
ions and 1 mole of sulphate ions in solution.
[Ba
2+
] = 1.05 x 10
-5
mol dm
-3

[SO
4
2-
] = 1.05 x 10
-5
mol dm
-3

K
sp
= [Ba
2+
][SO
4
2-
]

[1]

[1]

CONFIDENTIAL* 962/2
8

= (1.05 x 10
-5
)(1.05 x 10
-5
) or
= 1.10 x 10
-10
mol
2
dm
-6

Use:
contrast medium used for X-ray imaging of the intestines/
gastrointestinal tract OR
white pigment for paints OR
component of oil well drilling fluid

[1]

[1]
TOTAL MARKS 15

8 (a) (i) High pressure or 600 atm

Low temperature or 200
o
C

[1]

[1]

(ii) Iron filling [1]

(b) (i) Yield or NO decrease
No of gas molecules increase (9 to 10)
The equilibrium shift to the left / backward
[1]
[1]
[1]

(ii) yield is reduced/ decrease

Forward reaction is exorthermic so

the equilibrium to the left

[1]

[1]

[1]

(iii) If temperature is reduced the yield is increased.

At lower temperature the rate of reaction will be very slow.

[1]

[1]

(c) X Green, Ni(OH)
2

Y Blue, Ni(NH
3
)
6
2+

[1+1]

[1+1]

TOTAL MARKS 15

CONFIDENTIAL* 962/2
9

9 (a) (i) C
x
H
y
+ [ x + y/4]O
2
x CO
2
+ y/2 H
2
O

anhydrous CaCl
2
absorbs water and KOH absorbs carbon dioxide-the
mass of water is 0.72 g and the mass of carbon dioxide is 1.76 g

Mass of C =

OR

= 0.48 g

The mass of C is 0.48 g.

Mass of H =

OR

= 0.08 g

The mass of H is 0.08 g.

Element C H

Mass
0.48 0.08
Number of moles
0.48
12.0
=0.04
0.08
1.0
=0.08

Mole ratio
1 2

Empirical formula is CH
2

[1]

[1]

[1]

[1]

[1]

(ii)

The mass of hydrocarbon = mass of C + mass of H
= 0.48 + 0.08
= 0.56 g

Relative molecular mass = mass
mol
= 0.56 OR
0.01
= 56

(CH
2
)
n
= 56
or 14n = 56
or n = 4

Molecular formula is C
4
H
8

[1]

[1]

[1]

[1]

CONFIDENTIAL* 962/2
10

(b)

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(CH
3
)
2
C(OH)
2
(CH
3
)
2
C=O

[1]

[1+1]

[1]

(c)

(i)

(ii)

(iii)
OH
|
CH
3
CCH
2
-
|
H

OH
|
CH
3
CCH
2
- --OH
|
H

O

+
NaO
-
CCH
2
- =O and CHI
3

[1]

[1]

[1+1]

TOTAL MARKS
MAX
17
15
NH
2

CH(OH)CH
2
CH
3

OH

CONFIDENTIAL* 962/2
11

10 (a)

(i)

[1]

(ii)

(iii)

(iv)

(v)

(vi)
C= C or double bond

harder
more elastic
less sticky
[ any two ]

hard and brittle (both)

sulphur

Elastomer is polymer that stretches when pulled and return to their
length or shape when the force is released. /elastic
[1]

[1]+[1]

[1]

[1]

[1]

[1]

(b)
(i)

(ii)

(iii)

Rate = k [ C
3
H
7
-C(Br)(CH
3
)-C
2
H
5
]

constant or no change

because OH
-
ion does not involve in the rate of determining step
OR only reactant (3-bromo-3-methylhexane) affected by the rate of
hydrolysis

Nucleophilic subtituition

[1]

[1]

[1]

[1]

CH
3
H

C = C

--- CH
2
CH
2
----

CH CH2

S C = C

CH3 H

CH CH2

C = C
S
CH3 H

CH CH2

C = C

CH3 H

CH2 CH

C = C

CH3 H

CONFIDENTIAL* 962/2
12

(iv) Optical isomer

C
3
H
7
C
3
H
7

| |
C C
Br C
2
H
5
CH
3
C
2
H
5
CH
3
Br

[1]

[1]
+
[1]

TOTAL MARKS 15


STPM Trial 2012 Chemistry Qa Kelantan

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