UNIVERSIDAD DEL VALLE SEDE PALMIRA LECTURA DE TEXTOS ACADMCOS EN INGLS 2 RELATIVE CLAUSES NAME ________________________________________________ WHAT ARE

THEY? RELATIVE clauses give essential or additional information to define, identify or have additional knowledge about the person or thing we are talking about RELATIVE PRONOUNS 1. WHO is used for people when the pronoun is the subject of the clause. If it is the object it can be omitted. The teacher who came to school this year is from Ireland 2. WHOM is used for people when the pronoun is the object of the clause (though it can normally be omitted. The teacher (Whom) you saw yesterday at school is from Ireland 3. WHOSE is used for the possessive case. Anna, whose sister works in my office, is getting married. Sometimes you can use with instead. The boy whose arm is broken is very clever The boy with the broken arm is very clever. 4. WHICH is used for things, subject or object of the clause. If it is the object it can be omitted. The book which is on the table is the one (which) you lent me. 5. THAT is more common and is used for people and things, subject or object, after superlatives and after indefinite pronouns (something, all, everythingetc. He is the best football player that Ive ever seen 6. WHEN AND WHERE are relative adverbs. That is the house where I lived when I was a child Do you know the time when his plane takes off. HOW MANY ARE THERE? 1.DEFINING. They are used to identify the person or thing we are talking about. The man who is sitting next to Alex is a friend of mine The programme which is about wild life is on tonight The relative pronoun can be omitted when it is the object of the clause. I bought the house (which) you saw the other day That is the car my brother bought last week 2. NON-DEFINNING. They dont identify the people or things we are talking about, but give additional information. They are essentially found in written form. Alex, who used to be a football player, is now a teacher in my school Madrid, which is the city where I live, is the capital of Spain . They are placed between commas, or appear at the end. . In all cases a relative pronoun is required. They cannot be omitted 3. CO-ORDINATING . They refer to the whole of the main clause and the only pronoun ever used is WHICH.

She speaks very fast, which makes it hard to understand what she says. . WHAT can be used with the meaning (the thing which) when there is no antecedent (i.e. no noun or pronoun to which it refers) I didnt understand what she said USE OF RELATIVES WITH PREPOSITIONS. In formal style prepositions are placed before the pronoun: The person to whom I spoke was my uncle In informal stile it is more common to move the preposition to the end: The person (whom /who) I spoke to was my uncle The woman I told you about is very hardworking The people you were at dinner with last night are very good friends of mine 1. DECIDE WHETHER THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES ARE DEFINING, NON -DEFINING OR COORDINATING. Write commas when necessary 1. Alan, whose job involves travelling a lot, has already been to all countries in Europe. 2. The house I have just rented is near my office. 3. He offered me to let me stay in his house which was very kind of him. 4. This is the new teacher that I told you about. 5. Madonna who is a well-known singer is over 50. 6. You can visit London by boat which is pleasant. 7. That is the woman who complained about the room service 8. The part of the city where I live is very noisy which makes it difficult to sleep at night. 9. The person who is sitting next to me is not very clever. 10. For my birthday I was given a present which I didnt like. 11. My sister hasnt got a mobile which makes it difficult to contact her. 12. The girl that is living next to my house is very pretty 2. COMPLETE THESE SENTENCES WITH A SUITABLE RELATIVE PRONOUN OR ADVERB 1.That is the man ______________ helped me when I couldnt find the street. 2.Is that your house? No, mine is the one ______ is on the corner. 3.That is the girl _________________ failed five subjects this term. 4.This is the place ________________we first met. Do you remember? 5.So, Peter is the man _______________daughter is coming to my school this year. 6.If you have any question, ask the girl ________ is standing at the desk. She'll help you. 7.They had to put away the dog___________ bit the boy. It was too dangerous. 9.I'm looking for a person ___________ name begins with a "k". 10.Do you still go to that Caf _____________ we used to go as students? 11.The heating is not working. Do you know anyone ______________ can fix it? 12.Jim, _______________ I've known for years, is my best friend. 13.My new coat,__________________ I bought in New York, is very warm and comfortable. 14.My boss,____________ wife is French, travels to Paris regularly. 3. JOIN THESE SENTENCES USING RELATIVE PRONOUNS OMIT THE PRONOUN IF POSSIBLE. ADD COMMAS IF NECESSARY. 1. My school is very big. It is in Madrid.

My school _____________________________ is very big. 2. I bought this cake yesterday. It is delicious. The cake ____________________________is delicious. 3. Anna is a nurse. Her father is a doctor. Anna_________________________ is a nurse. 4. I bought a TV set last month. It doesn't work properly. The TV_________________________ doesn't work properly. 5. Mr Dale is a very famous doctor. We visited him last week. Mr Dale ________________________is a very famous doctor 6. Peter has a new dog. It is very friendly. The new dog __________________________ is very friendly. 7. Helen is the woman. She took me to hospital when I felt sick. Mrs Kelly is the woman_____________________ 4. JOIN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES. OMIT THE PRONOUN WHERE POSSIBLE 1. The dress is beautiful. Anne is wearing the dress. ______________________________________ 2. The person is not very kind. I was speaking to that person. ______________________________________ 3. The music is horrible. The new band is playing the music. ______________________________________ 4. The man has gone to London. He was here yesterday ______________________________________ 5. Women are to be admired. Women work in hospitals. ______________________________________ 6. The document has no signature. We received the document yesterday ______________________________________ 7. The car is very big. You are driving it. ______________________________________ 8. The street is very wide. You live in this street ______________________________________ 9. The girl has left the room. I was talking to her mother. ______________________________________ 10. The woman came to see me. Her husband is my cousin. ______________________________________ 5. JOIN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES WITH PREPOSITIONS 1. The ball is very small. We are playing with that ball.

___________________________________ 2. The knife is very sharp. We cut bread with the knife. ___________________________________ 3. The man works in my office. I gave the book to him. ___________________________________ 4. The actor won the Oscar. You were telling me about him yesterday. ___________________________________ 5. The boy hit Peter on the head. You were speaking to him. ___________________________________ 6. The glass is dirty. You are drinking out of it. __________________________________ 7. Here comes the girl. Everybody makes fun of her. __________________________________ 8. The book is mine. I am looking for it. ________________________________ 6. REVIEW 1. I told her that she had been very rude. This annoyed her very much. ___________________________________________________________________ 2. The woman is a famous doctor. Her husband is a member of our club. ___________________________________________________________________ 3. My grandmother is very old. She can hardly walk. ___________________________________________________________________ 4. I told the whole matter to the headmaster but he said it wasnt his business. ___________________________________________________________________ 5. Her sister always helps him with his homework. He likes this a lot. ___________________________________________________________________ 6. The children were very afraid of lightning. They live opposite our house ___________________________________________________________________ 7. Someone stole the TV last night. They knew the house very well. ___________________________________________________________________ 8. That old man thinks women should stay at home. He has outworn ideas. ___________________________________________________________________ 9. We trusted him. This was a silly thing to do. ___________________________________________________________________ 10. Margaret was in love with Peter. She did not want to tell him. ___________________________________________________________________

11. Paul is a friend of my sons. Hes playing football on the backyard. ___________________________________________________________________ 12. The people next door often go out for dinner. They are quite wealthy. ___________________________________________________________________ 13. The little girls are my daughters. Theyre playing with their dolls. ___________________________________________________________________ 14. Everything went according to plan. This pleased them a lot. ___________________________________________________________________ 15. He is going to marry a girl. She is an English teacher. ___________________________________________________________________ 16. I offered them my help. They rejected it. ___________________________________________________________________ 17. Chess is quite a difficult game. More and more people are learning to play it. ___________________________________________________________________ 18. That person wants to study history. You spoke to her at the meeting ___________________________________________________________________ 19. Helen plays the piano brilliantly. She is only 9 years old. ____________________________________________________________________ 20. The sweets are delicious. I bought them yesterday ____________________________________________________________________