OptImIze EnErgy quaLiTy

TEChniCaL guidE & CaTaLoguE | EnErgy CoMpEnsaTion and powEr quaLiTy MoniToring

DefInItIOns

02

Phase shift-energies-power ................................................................................................................................. 02 Introduction 02 Phase shift between current and voltage 02 Power factor .......................................................................................................................................................... 03

OptImIze energy qualIty

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HOW tO ImprOve tHe pOWer factOr

04
HIgH vOltage
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Advantages ............................................................................................................................................................ 04 Installing capacitors or capacitor banks ............................................................................................................... 04 Power diagram ...................................................................................................................................................... 05 Power factor of main receivers ............................................................................................................................. 05

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HOW tO calculate tHe reactIve pOWer

06

Formula and example ........................................................................................................................................... 06 Formula 06 Example 06 Reactive compensation of transformers 06 Capacitor power calculation table ......................................................................................................................... 07

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capacItOr bank InstallatIOns

08

Levels of installation ............................................................................................................................................. 08 Global installation 08 Sector installation 08 Individual installation 08 Compensation of asynchronous motors................................................................................................................ 09 Protection and connection of capacitors ............................................................................................................... 10 Protection 10 Connection (cable design) 10

cOmpensatIOn systems anD types

11

Compensation systems ......................................................................................................................................... 11 Fixed capacitor banks 11 Automatic capacitor banks 11 Compensation types .............................................................................................................................................. 12

HarmOnIcs

13

Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................... 13 Detuned reactors and capacitors .......................................................................................................................... 14 Influence of harmonics on capacitors 14 Protection of capacitors 15 Harmonic filters .................................................................................................................................................... 15

yOur electrIcal netWOrk unDer cOntrOl

16

HIgH vOltage energy cOmpensatIOn

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pOWer qualIty mOnItOrIng

lOW vOltage energy cOmpensatIOn

Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................... 16 Alptec network analysers...................................................................................................................................... 17

catalOgue pages

18

POWER QUALITY ANALYZERS (p. 30-33) Alptec on-site real time power quality analyzers: dips, swells, waveforms, power quality reports, flicker, harmonics...

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AUTOMATIC CAPACITOR BANKS (p. 22-28) Alpimatic and Alpistatic ranges from 12.5 to 720 kVAR

Definitions

pHase sHIft - energIes - pOWer

pOWer factOr
active energy (Ea): expressed in kilowatt hours (kwh). it can be used, after being transformed by the receiver, in the form of work or heat. This energy corresponds to the active power p (kw). reactive energy (Er): expressed in kilovar hours (kvarh). it is particularly used in motor and transformer windings to create the magnetic field which is essential for operation. This energy corresponds to the reactive power q (kvar). unlike the previous energy, this energy is said to be unproductive for the user. By definition, the power factor, or the cos , of an electrical device is equal to the ratio of the active power p (kw) over the apparent power s (kVa) and can vary from 0 to 1.

Introduction
an alternating current electrical installation, including receivers such as transformers, motors, welding machines, power electronics, etc., and in particular any receiver for which the current is out-of-phase in relation to the voltage, absorbs a total energy called the apparent energy (E app).
U, I

tg calculation
tg = Er (kvarh) Ea (kWh)

cos

P (kw) S (kVA)

Tg is the quotient between the reactive energy Er (kvarh) and the active energy Ea (kwh) used during the same period. unlike cos , it is easy to see that the value of tg must be as low as possible in order to have the minimum reactive energy consumption. The relationship between Cos and tg is given by the following equation:

it can thus be used to identify the level of reactive energy consumption of devices easily. a power factor equal to 1 will result in a zero reactive energy consumption (pure resistance). a power factor less than 1 will result in reactive energy consumption which increases as it approaches 0 (pure inductance). in an electrical installation, the power factor may be different from one workshop to another depending on the devices installed and the way in which they are used (offload, full-load operation, etc.).

energies calculation
I t

Eapp = Ea +Er Eapp = (P)2 + (Q)2

cos

1 1 + (tg )2

powers calculation S =P + Q S = (P)2 + (Q)2

For three-phase supply:

but a simpler method consists of referring to a conversion table (see p. 7).

Phase shift between current and voltage (angle )

This energy, which is generally expressed in kilovoltampere-hours (kVah), corresponds to the apparent power s (kVa) and can be broken down as follows:

S = 3UI P = 3U Q = 3U
For a single-phase supply, the term 3 disappears

since energy metering devices measure the active and reactive energy consumptions more easily, electrical utilities, have chosen to use the term tg on the electricity bills of its customers.

Eapp (S) Er (Q)

Ea (P)

DefInItIOns

How to improve the power factor

aDvantages
a good power factor is: a high cos (close to 1) or low tg (close to 0) a good power factor makes it possible to optimise an electrical installation and provides the following advantages: n no billing for reactive energy n decrease in the subscribed power in kVa n limitation of active energy losses in cables thanks to the decrease in the current conveyed in the installation, n improvement in the voltage level at the end of the line, n additional power available at the power transformers if the compensation is performed in the secondary winding.

pOWer DIagram
equations
Qc P 2 1 AR Q2 S2 Av

q2 = q1-qc qc = q1-q2 qc = p.tg 1-p.tg 2 Qc = P(tg 1-tg 2) * 1 phase shift without capacitor * 2 phase shift with capacitor

Qc S1 Q1

InstallIng capacItOrs Or capacItOr banks

improving the power factor of an electrical installation consists of giving it the means to produce a varying proportion of the reactive energy that it consumes itself. different systems are available to produce reactive energy, particularly phase advancers and shunt capacitors (or serial capacitors for major transport networks). The capacitor is most frequently used thanks to: its non-consumption of active energy, its purchasing cost, its easy use, its service life (approximately 10 years), its very low maintenance (static device). The capacitor is a receiver composed of two conducting parts (electrodes) separated by an insulator. when this receiver is subjected to a sinusoidal voltage, it shifts its current, and therefore its (capacitive reactive) power, by 90 forward the voltage. Conversely, all other receivers (motors, transformers, etc.) shift their reactive component (inductive reactive power or current) by 90 backward the voltage. The vectorial composition of these (inductive or capacitive) reactive powers or currents gives a resulting reactive power or current below the existing value before the installation of capacitors. in simpler terms, it can be said that inductive receivers (motors, transformers, etc.) consume reactive energy, while capacitors (capacitive receivers) produce reactive energy.

p: active power s1 and s2: apparent powers (before and after compensation) qc: reactive power of capacitor q1: reactive power without capacitor q2: reactive power with capacitor

pOWer factOr Of maIn receIvers

receIver 0% Ordinary asynchronous motors loaded at Incandescent lamps fluorescent lamps Discharge lamps resistance furnaces compensated induction furnaces Dielectric heating furnaces resistance welding machines single-phase static arc welding stations rotating arc welding units arc welding transformers-rectifiers arc furnaces thyristor power rectifiers 25% 50% 75% 100% cOs 0.17 0.55 0.73 0.80 0.85 approx. 1 approx. 0.5 0.4 to 0.6 approx. 1 approx. 0.85 approx. 0.85 0.8 to 0.9 approx. 0.5 0.7 to 0.9 0.7 to 0.8 0.8 0.4 to 0.8 tg 5.80 1.52 0.94 0.75 0.62 approx. 0 approx. 1.73 approx. 2.29 to 1.33 approx. 0 approx. 0.62 approx. 0.62 0.75 to 0.48 approx. 1.73 1.02 to 0.48 1.02 to 0.75 0.75 2.25 to 0.75

The receivers which consume the most reactive energy are: - low-load motors - welding machines - arc and induction furnaces - power rectifiers

HOW tO ImprOve tHe pOWer factOr

How to calculate the reactive power

fOrmula anD example

capacItOr pOWer calculatIOn table

Formula
reactive power qc required for the compensation is calculated from the active power (pkw) and the tg measured on the installation. These measurments are performed downstream the secondary of the transformer. Qc (bank to be installed) = Pkw (tg measured - tg to be obtained) = Pkw x K*
* K is obtained from the table page 7.

Reactive compensation of transformers

When defining a reactive energy compensation installation, it is recommended to provide a fixed capacitor corresponding to the internal reactive consumption of the transformer at a 75 % load

using the power of a receiver in kw, this table can be used to find the K coefficient in order to calculate the power of the capacitors. it also gives the equivalence between cos and tg .
final power factor cos 0.40 0.41 0.42 0.43 0.44 0.45 0.46 0.47 0.48 0.49 0.50 0.51 0.52 0.53 0.54 0.55 0.56 0.57 0.58 0.59 0.60 0.61 0.62 0.63 0.64 0.65 0.66 0.67 0.68 0.69 0.70 0.71 0.72 0.73 0.74 0.75 0.76 0.77 0.78 0.79 0.80 0.81 0.82 0.83 0.84 0.85 0.86 0.87 0.88 0.89 0.90 tg 2.29 2.22 2.16 2.10 2.04 1.98 1.93 1.88 1.83 1.78 1.73 1.69 1.64 1.60 1.56 1.52 1.48 1.44 1.40 1.37 1.33 1.30 1.27 1.23 1.20 1.17 1.14 1.11 1.08 1.05 1.02 0.99 0.96 0.94 0.91 0.88 0.86 0.83 0.80 0.78 0.75 0.72 0.70 0.67 0.65 0.62 0.59 0.57 0.54 0.51 0.48 0.90 0.48 1.805 1.742 1.681 1.624 1.558 1.501 1.446 1.397 1.343 1.297 1.248 1.202 1.160 1.116 1.075 1.035 0.996 0.958 0.921 0.884 0.849 0.815 0.781 0.749 0.716 0.685 0.654 0.624 0.595 0.565 0.536 0.508 0.479 0.452 0.425 0.398 0.371 0.345 0.319 0.292 0.266 0.240 0.214 0.188 0.162 0.136 0.109 0.083 0.054 0.028 0.91 0.46 1.832 1.769 1.709 1.651 1.585 1.532 1.473 1.425 1.730 1.326 1.276 1.230 1.188 1.144 1.103 1.063 1.024 0.986 0.949 0.912 0.878 0.843 0.809 0.777 0.744 0.713 0.682 0.652 0.623 0.593 0.564 0.536 0.507 0.480 0.453 0.426 0.399 0.373 0.347 0.320 0.294 0.268 0.242 0.216 0.190 0.164 0.140 0.114 0.085 0.059 0.031 capacitor power in kvar to be installed per kW of load to raise the power factor to: 0.92 0.43 1.861 1.798 1.738 1.680 1.614 1.561 1.502 1.454 1.400 1.355 1.303 1.257 1.215 1.171 1.130 1.090 1.051 1.013 0.976 0.939 0.905 0.870 0.836 0.804 0.771 0.740 0.709 0.679 0.650 0.620 0.591 0.563 0.534 0.507 0.480 0.453 0.426 0.400 0.374 0.347 0.321 0.295 0.269 0.243 0.217 0.191 0.167 0.141 0.112 0.086 0.058 0.93 0.40 1.895 1.831 1.771 1.713 1.647 1.592 1.533 1.485 1.430 1.386 1.337 1.291 1.249 1.205 1.164 1.124 1.085 1.047 1.010 0.973 0.939 0.904 0.870 0.838 0.805 0.774 0.743 0.713 0.684 0.654 0.625 0.597 0.568 0.541 0.514 0.487 0.460 0.434 0.408 0.381 0.355 0.329 0.303 0.277 0.251 0.225 0.198 0.172 0.143 0.117 0.089 0.94 0.36 1.924 1.840 1.800 1.742 1.677 1.626 1.567 1.519 1.464 1.420 1.369 1.323 1.281 1.237 1.196 1.156 1.117 1.079 1.042 1.005 0.971 0.936 0.902 0.870 0.837 0.806 0.775 0.745 0.716 0.686 0.657 0.629 0.600 0.573 0.546 0.519 0.492 0.466 0.440 0.413 0.387 0.361 0.335 0.309 0.283 0.257 0.230 0.204 0.175 0.149 0.121 0.95 0.33 1.959 1.896 1.836 1.778 1.712 1.659 1.600 1.532 1.467 1.453 1.403 1.357 1.315 1.271 1.230 1.190 1.151 1.113 1.073 1.039 1.005 0.970 0.936 0.904 0.871 0.840 0.809 0.779 0.750 0.720 0.691 0.663 0.634 0.607 0.580 0.553 0.526 0.500 0.474 0.447 0.421 0.395 0.369 0.343 0.317 0.291 0.264 0.238 0.209 0.183 0.155 0.96 0.29 1.998 1.935 1.874 1.816 1.751 1.695 1.636 1.588 1.534 1.489 1.441 1.395 1.353 1.309 1.268 1.228 1.189 1.151 1.114 1.077 1.043 1.008 0.974 0.942 0.909 0.878 0.847 0.817 0.788 0.758 0.729 0.701 0.672 0.645 0.618 0.591 0.564 0.538 0.512 0.485 0.459 0.433 0.407 0.381 0.355 0.329 0.301 0.275 0.246 0.230 0.192 0.97 0.25 2.037 1.973 1.913 1.855 1.790 1.737 1.677 1.629 1.575 1.530 1.481 1.435 1.393 1.349 1.308 1.268 1.229 1.191 1.154 1.117 1.083 1.048 1.014 0.982 0.949 0.918 0.887 0.857 0.828 0.798 0.796 0.741 0.721 0.685 0.658 0.631 0.604 0.578 0.552 0.525 0.499 0.473 0.447 0.421 0.395 0.369 0.343 0.317 0.288 0.262 0.234 0.98 0.20 2.085 2.021 1.961 1.903 1.837 1.784 1.725 1.677 1.623 1.578 1.529 1.483 1.441 1.397 1.356 1.316 1.277 1.239 1.202 1.165 1.131 1.096 1.062 1.030 0.997 0.966 0.935 0.905 0.876 0.840 0.811 0.783 0.754 0.727 0.700 0.673 0.652 0.620 0.594 0.567 0.541 0.515 0.489 0.463 0.437 0.417 0.390 0.364 0.335 0.309 0.281 0.99 0.14 2.146 2.082 2.002 1.964 1.899 1.846 1.786 1.758 1.684 1.639 1.590 1.544 1.502 1.458 1.417 1.377 1.338 1.300 1.263 1.226 1.192 1.157 1.123 1.091 1.058 1.007 0.996 0.966 0.937 0.907 0.878 0.850 0.821 0.794 0.767 0.740 0.713 0.687 0.661 0.634 0.608 0.582 0.556 0.530 0.504 0.478 0.450 0.424 0.395 0.369 0.341 1 0.0 2.288 2.225 2.164 2.107 2.041 1.988 1.929 1.881 1.826 1.782 1.732 1.686 1.644 1.600 1.559 1.519 1.480 1.442 1.405 1.368 1.334 1.299 1.265 1.233 1.200 1.169 1.138 1.108 1.079 1.049 1.020 0.992 0.963 0.936 0.909 0.882 0.855 0.829 0.803 0.776 0.750 0.724 0.698 0.672 0.645 0.602 0.593 0.567 0.538 0.512 0.484

To guarantee its operation, a transformer needs internal reactive energy required for the magnetisation of its windings. The table below gives a rough guide of the value of the fixed bank to be installed according to the powers and loads of the transformer. These values may change according to the technology of the device. Each manufacturer is able to give their precise values.
nominal kva transformer power 100 160 200 250 315 400 500 630 800 1000 1250 2000 2500 3150 4000 5000 kvar power to be provided for internal transformer consumption off-load 3 4 4 5 6 8 10 12 20 25 30 50 60 90 160 200 75% load 5 7,5 9 11 15 20 25 30 40 50 70 100 150 200 250 300 100% load 6 10 12 15 20 25 30 40 55 70 90 150 200 250 320
425

Example
Take a plant powered from an 800 kVa hV / LV subscriber station which would like to change the power factor of its installation to: * Cos = 0.928 (tg = 0.4) on the primary winding * or Cos = 0.955 (tg = 0.31) on the secondary winding with the following readings: voltage: 400 V three-phase 50 hz p = 475 kw Cos (secondary) = 0.75 (or tg = 0.88) Qc = 475 (0.88 - 0.31) # 270 kvar

Example: 200 kW motor - cos = 0.75 - Desired cos = 0.93 - Qc = 200 x 0.487 = 98 kvar

HOW tO calculate tHe reactIve pOWer

capacitor bank installations

levels Of InstallatIOn

cOmpensatIOn Of asyncHrOnOus mOtOrs

advantages: no reactive energy bill. relieves most of the line feeders and reduces Joules heat losses (ri2) in these feeders. incorporates the expansion of each sector. relieves the transformer. remains economical. remark: solution generally used for a very large plant network. The table below gives a rough guide of the maximum capacitor power which can be connected directly to the terminals of an asynchronous motor without a risk of self-excitation. in any case, it will be necessary to check that the maximum capacitor current does not exceed 90% of the magnetising current (off-load) of the motor.
maximum motor power Hp 11 15 20 25 30 40 50 60 100 150 180 218 274 340 380
M M M M

Global installation

I qc 90% Io 3 u
Supply

C.1

maximum speed rpm 3.000 2 3 4 5 6 7,5 9 11 17 24 31 35 43 52 57 67 1.500 max. power in kvar 2 4 5 7 8 10 11 13 22 29 36 41 47 57 63 76 3 5 6 7,5 9 11 12,5 14 25 33 38 44 53 63 70 86
Io: Off-load current of motor U: Network voltage
C2 M 3 C1

kW 8 11 15 18 22 30 37 45 75 110 132 160 200 250 280 355

1.000

Qc M 3

advantages: no reactive energy bill. represents the most economical solution since all the power is concentrated at one point and the expansion coefficient makes it possible to optimise banks. relieves the transformer. remark: The losses in the cables (ri2) are not reduced.

Individual installation

I qc > 90% Io 3 u
Supply

Qc

Sector installation

482

advantages: no reactive energy bill. From a technical point of view, the ideal solution since the reactive energy is produced in the same place as where it is consumed; therefore, the Joules heat losses (ri2) are reduced in all the lines. relieves the transformer. remark: Most costly solution given: - The high number of installations, - The non-incorporation of the expansion coefficient.

however, if the capacitor power required to compensate the motor is greater than the values indicated in the above table or if, more generally: if qc > 90% io 3 u, compensation at the motor terminals remains possible by inserting a contactor (C.2) controlled by an auxiliary motor contactor contact (C.1) in series with the capacitor.

capacItOr bank InstallatIOns

capacitor bank installations (continued)

compensation systems and types

prOtectIOn anD cOnnectIOn Of capacItOrs

cOmpensatIOn systems

Protection
in addition to the internal protective devices incorporated in the capacitor: - self-healing metallized polypropylene film, - internal fuses, - overpressure disconnecting device ; it is essential to provide an external protective device on the capacitor. This protection will be provided either: by a circuit breaker: - thermal relay, setting between 1.3 and 1.5 in, - magnetic relay, setting between 5 and 10 in. by gi type hrC fuses, rating 1.5 to 2 in.

Connection (cable design)

applicable capacitor standards are defined so that capacitors can withstand a permanent excess current of 30%. These standards also authorise a maximum tolerance of +10% on the nominal capacitance. Therefore, the cable should be designed at least for: i cable = 1.3 x 1.1 . (i nominal capacitor)

Fixed capacitor banks

Automatic capacitor banks

.../5A class 1 - 10 VA

i.e. I cable = 1.43.I nominal

For protection and cable selection, refer to table page 28.
M 3 M 3 M 3 M 3

In = Nominal capacitor voltage, Qc In = 3U E.g.: 50 kvar - 400 V three-phase 50 In = 1. 732 x 0. 4 = 72 A

The reactive power supplied by the bank is constant irrespective of the variations of the power factor and load of the receivers and, therefore, of the reactive energy consumption of the installation. These banks are switched on: - either manually by a circuit breaker or switch, - or semi-automatically by a remote-controlled contactor. This type of bank is generally used in the following cases: - constant load electrical installations operating 24 hours a day, - off-load compensation of transformers, - individual compensation of motors.

Varmeter Relay

The reactive power supplied by the bank can be modulated according to the variations of the power factor and the load of the receivers and, therefore, of the reactive energy consumption of the installation. This type of bank is composed of a parallel combination of capacitor steps (step = capacitor + contactor). They are switched on and oFF by an incorporated power factor controller. These banks are generally used in the following cases: - variable load electrical installations, - compensation of main switchboards (LVMs) or major outlets

10

11

cOmpensatIOn systems anD types

compensation systems and types (continued)

Harmonics

cOmpensatIOn types
reactive energy compensation means that the capacitor must be adapted to the intrinsic characteristics of the corresponding mains network (voltage, frequency, cos , etc.). however, the increasing presence of harmonics in the mains supply means that the capacitor must also be adapted to the degree of interference and the final performance desired by the customer. depending on the degree of interference or harmonics, five types of capacitor are available: standard type h type sah type - standard class sah type - reinforced class Fh type (harmonic filters)

IntrODuctIOn
The modernisation of industrial processes, the sophistication of electrical machines and equipment has, in recent years, led to significant development in power electronics: These semi-conductor-based systems (transistors, thyristors, etc.) designed to produce: solid state power converters: aC/dC rectifiers inverters frequency converters and many other wave train or phase setting control devices. For electrical supplies, these systems represent nonlinear loads. a non-linear load is a load for which the current consumption is not the reflection of the power supply voltage (even though the source voltage on the load is sinusoidal, the current consumption is non-sinusoidal). other non-linear loads are also present in electrical installations, in particular: variable impedance loads, using an electric arc: arc furnaces, welding stations, fluorescent tubes, discharge lamps, etc. loads using strong magnetising currents: saturated transformers, inductors, etc. The FouriEr series breakdown of the current consumption of a non-linear receiver reveals: a sinusoidal term at the supply 50 hz frequency, the fundamental. sinusoidal terms for which the frequencies are multiples of the frequency of the fundamental, the harmonics. according to the equation: These harmonic currents circulate in the source and the harmonic impedances of the source produce harmonic voltages according to the equation Uh = Zh x Ih. harmonic currents induce most of the harmonic voltages which cause the overall harmonic distortion of the supply voltage.

Ue f f =

U + Uh2
2 1
h=2

Degree of interference

Note: The harmonic distortion of the voltage generated by manufacturing defects of the alternator and transformer windings is generally negligible.

SH _______ ST

15 %

15 % to 25 %

25 % to 35 %

35 % to 50 %

> 50 %

standard

SAH

SAHR

FH

sH (kVa) is the weighted total power of the harmonic generators present at the transformer secondary. st (kVa) is the power rating of the h.V./L.V. transformer

Ir m s =

2 I12 + I h
h=2

: Sum of all the harmonic currents from rank 2 (50 Hz x 2) to the last rank n (50 Hz x n).

12

13

HarmOnIcs

Harmonics (continued)

DetuneD reactOrs anD capacItOrs

DetuneD reactOrs anD capacItOrs

Influence of harmonics on capacitors

principle diagram
XLT : SCC (kVA)

reactance of the capacitor

XL

Protection of capacitors
For supplies with a high level of harmonic interference, installing a detuned reactor connected in series with the capacitor proves to be the only effective solution.
f (Hz) XC

equivalent diagram

The detuned reactor has two purposes: to increase the impedance of the capacitor against harmonic currents to reduce the harmonic pollution of the electrical installation

XC Q(kvar)

XLT

XC

R XC

HarmOnIc fIlters
For installations with a high level of harmonic pollution, the user may be confronted with two requirements: compensating for reactive energy and protecting the capacitors reducing the voltage distortion rate to acceptable values compatible with the correct operation of most sensitive receivers (automatic control systems, industrial computer hardware, capacitors, etc.). For this application, legrand is able to offer passive type harmonic filters. a passive type harmonic filter is a serial combination of a capacitor and an inductive coil for which each combined frequency corresponds to the frequency of an interfering harmonic voltage to be eliminated. For this type of installation, legrand offers services including: analysis of the supply on which the equipment is to be installed with measurements of harmonic currents and voltages computer simulation of the compatibility of the harmonic impedances of the supply and the different filters calculation and definition of the different components of the filter supply of capacitors, inductive coils, etc. measurement of system efficiency after installation on site

R P (kW)

Note: since the inductance of the motor is much higher than that of the source, it becomes negligible in a parallel assembly.

scc (kVa): short-circuit power of source q (kvar): Capacitor bank power p (kw): non-interfering load power The reactance of the capacitor

main harmonic currents: The main harmonic currents present in electrical installations are produced by semi-conductor based systems, i.e.: harmonic 5 (250 hz) - i5 - 20% i1 harmonic 7 (350 hz) - i7 - 14% i1 harmonic 11 (550 hz) - i11 - 9% i1 harmonic 13 (650 hz) - i13 - 8% i1
* I1 Current of semi-conductor system at 50 Hz

1 1 Xc = C. = C.2. .f
is inversely proportional to the frequency, its curve is reciprocal and its ability to block harmonic currents decreases considerably when the frequency increases. harmonic currents being located at high frequencies, consequently they are diverted to the capacitor: the capacitor is acting as a harmonic pump. To prevent the capacitor to be damaged it is compulsory to protect it with a detuned reactor.

14

15

HarmOnIcs

your electrical network under control

IntrODuctIOn
The quality improvement in the supply of electricity is an essential component of the world economy. The electrical networks are disturbed by many electrical phenomena which can be characterized by various measurable parameters. This characterization requires a permanent measurement and supervision of all significant electric parameters The related standards to comply with are: En 50160, iEC 61000-4-7, En 61000-4-30 Thanks to our supervision and analysis system, it is possible to answer the essential questions such as: what was the cause of this electric phenomenon? who is responsible for this electric problem? how to fix this problem? alptec supervision and analysis system is made up of a complete range of network analyzers connected to Winalp software for collection and analysis of data.

alptec netWOrk analyzers

Our products
in order to display information regarding the quality of an electrical network either permanently or if a supply failure occurs, the alptec supervision and analysis system allows to print / display predefined reports. The supervision system monitors the evolution of the power consumption and the frame decoding of the signalling voltage. alptec network analyzers are designed to communicate via modem, gsM modem, Ethernet, usB, rs485 and rs232. The analyzers are able to send immediately an sMs and an email describing the failure. The user can then react quickly and fix the problem. Winalp software allows to automatically download thousands of measurements recorded by one or more network analyzers. The information is then available in a database for one or more users. it is possible to analyse the results and communicate them.

example of a network of analyzers installed as well in the electrical substations as in the consumer locations

For remote statistical analysis of the Power Quality, modem or Ethernet connection

ALPTEC 2400R: Analysis of the Power Quality of the electicity provided by the Production plant

ALPTEC 2444d

ALPTEC 2444i

For punctual analysis USB connection

Analysis of the Power Quality of the electicity provided by the Transportation Network

ALPTEC duo

For remote analysis of the Power Quality and power supply failures, GSM connection

several networks can be supervised by only one server pC

16

17

yOur electrIcal netWOrk unDer cOntrOl

Alpivar2 vacuum technology capacitors

400/415 V Network

Alpivar2 vacuum technology capacitors

Alpivar2 compensation racks

400/415 V Network

Alpivar2 compensation racks

n Technical data
Loss Factor Alpivar2 capacitors have a loss factor of less than 0.1 x 10-3 This leads to a total wattage consumption of less than 0.3 W per kvar including the discharge resistors Capacitance Tolerance on the capacitance value: - 5 / + 10 % Our vacuum type manufacturing process, which avoids any air inclusions in the coils, ensures that the capacitance remains exceptionally stable throughout the service life of the Alpivar capacitor Max. permissible voltage 1.18 Un continuous (24 h/24) Max. permissible current standard type: 1.5 In H type: 2 In Insulation class withstand 1 minute at 50 Hz: 6 kV withstand 1.2/50 s shock wave: 25 kV Standards Alpivar2 capacitors comply with the following standards: French standard: NF C 54 108 and 109 European standard: EN 60831-1 and 2 International standard: IEC 60831-1 and 2 Canadian standard: CSA 22-2 No. 190 end-of-life behaviour tests passed successfully in EDF and LCIE laboratories Temperature class Capacitors are designed for a standard temperature rating of - 25 C / indoor installation / + 55 C maximum temperature: 55 C average over 24 hours: 45 C annual average: 35 C other temperature classes on request

n Technical data
Loss Factor Alpivar2 compensation racks without detuned reactor have a loss factor of less than 2 W/kvar, including HRC fuses capacitor, contactor and cables Capacitance Tolerance on the capacitance value: - 5 / + 10 % Our vacuum type manufacturing process, which avoids any air inclusions in the coils, ensures that the capacitance remains exceptionally stable throughout the service life of the Alpivar capacitor Capacitor max. permissible voltage 1.18 Un continuous (24h/24) Standards International standard: IEC 60439-1 European standard: EN 60439-2 Temperature class operating: - 10 to + 45 C (average over 24 h: 40 C) storage: - 30 to + 60 C

V7540CB

P7540

Technical characteristics (see opposite) Double insulation or class II Totally dry (no added oil) Self-extinguishing polyurethane resin casing Coils coated under vacuum Internal electrical protection for each coil using: - self-healing metallized polypropylene film (prevents blowing up) - electrical fuse - over pressure disconnecting device Colour: cover RAL 7035 base RAL7001 Conform to EN and IEC 60831-1 and 2
Pack Cat.Nos

Technical characteristics (see opposite) Factory wired units designed to be integrated in universal cabinets as part of automatic compensation systems Comprising : - 1 Alpivar2 capacitor - 1 contactor suitable for handling capacitive currents - 1 set of 3 HRC fuses - 1 set of modular copper busbars with junction bars for connecting several racks in parallel - 1 steel frame on which the components are assembled and wired
Pack Cat.Nos

n Dimensions
Fixing holes 7

Junction bars

Three-phase capacitors - 50 Hz
Standard type - 400 V Harmonic level SH/ST 15 %
Nominal power (kvar)

Three-phase racks - 50 Hz
Standard type - 400 V Harmonic level SH/ST 15 %
Nominal power (kvar) 160 400 240 565 580

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

V2.540CB V540CB V6.2540CB V7.540CB V1040CB V12.540CB V1540CB V2040CB V2540CB V3040CB V3540CB V4040CB V5040CB V6040CB V7540CB V9040CB V10040CB V12540CB

Capacitors without terminal covers available on request, please consult us

18

Size 2

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

VH2.540CB VH540CB VH6.2540CB VH7.540CB VH1040CB VH12.540CB VH1540CB VH2040CB VH2540CB VH3040CB VH3540CB VH4040CB VH5040CB VH6040CB VH7540CB VH8040CB VH9040CB VH10040CB

2.5 5 6.25 7.5 10 12.5 15 20 25 30 35 40 50 60 75 80 90 100

114

W1

80 W2 Standard type V2.540CB V540CB V6.2540CB V7.540CB V1040CB V12.540CB V1540CB V2040CB V2540CB V3040CB V3540CB V4040CB V5040CB V6040CB V7540CB V9040CB V10040CB V12540CB H type VH2.540CB VH540CB VH6.2540CB VH7.540CB VH1040CB VH12.540CB VH1540CB VH2040CB VH2540CB VH3040CB VH3540CB VH4040CB VH5040CB VH6040CB VH7540CB VH8040CB VH9040CB VH10040CB Dimensions (mm) W1 W2 H 125 125 150 125 125 150 125 125 150 125 125 150 125 125 150 125 125 200 125 125 200 90 70 275 90 70 275 180 156 275 180 156 275 180 156 275 180 156 275 270 244 275 270 244 275 360 332 275 360 332 275 360 332 275 450 419 275

W2 W1 Weight (kg) 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 2 2 3.5 3.5 7 7 7 7 10.5 10.5 14 14 14 17.5

Size 1

208 225

Nominal power (kvar)

Internal discharge resistors

2.5 5 6.25 7.5 10 12.5 15 20 25 30 35 40 50 60 75 90 100 125 H type - 400 V Harmonic level 15 % < SH/ST 25 %

n Dimensions indoor type

Size 1
Terminal cover Connection terminals Connection cable outlet 35

Size 2
Terminal cover Connection cable outlet 55

1 1 1 1 1 1 1

P12.540 P12.512.540 P2540 P252540 P255040 P5040 P7540

220 275

Capacitor

Nominal power (kvar)

12.5 12.5 + 12.5 25 25+25 25+50 50 75 H type - 400 V Harmonic level 15 % < SH/ST 25 %

Standard type
Weight (kg) P12.540 P12.512.540 P2540 P252540 P255040 P5040 P7540 6 11 9 16 22 16 22

245

225

H type
Weight (kg) PH12.540 PH12.512.540 PH2540 PH252540 PH255040 PH5040 PH7540 7 14 10 17 23 17 23

Connection terminals Connection terminals 4 attachement holes 6.1

4 attachement holes 6.5

1 1 1 1 1 1 1

PH12.540 PH12.512.540 PH2540 PH252540 PH255040 PH5040 PH7540

12.5 12.5+12.5 25 25+25 25+50 50 75

Capacitor

19

Alpivar2 compensation racks with detuned reactor

400/415 V Network

Alpivar2 compensation racks with detuned reactor

n Technical data
Loss Factor Alpivar2 compensation racks with detuned reactor have a loss factor 6 W/kvar including HRC fuses, contactor, capacitor, detuned reactor Capacitance Tolerance on the capacitance value: - 5 / + 10 % Our vacuum type manufacturing process, which avoids any air inclusions in the coils, ensures that the capacitance remains exceptionally stable throughout the service life of the Alpivar capacitor Capacitor max. permissible voltage 1.18 Un continuous (24h/24) Standards International standard: IEC 60439-1 European standard: EN 60439-2 Temperature class operating: - 10 to + 45 C (average over 24 h: 40 C) storage: - 30 to + 60 C

Alptec power factor controllers

Alptec power factor controllers

n Technical data
Temperature class - operating: - 10 to + 60 C - storage: - 20 + 80 C Current inputs Rated current: 5 A (1 A on request) Operating limit: 0.125 A to 6 A Input power: 0.65 W Insensitive to CT polarity Insensitive to phase rotation polarity Frequency 50 Hz / 60 Hz Settings and parameters Power factor: 0.8 ind to 0.8 cap Reconnection time of the same step: 5 to 240 sec Manual and automatic mode 4 quadrant operation (ALPTEC 12H) for generator application Internal temperature probe Free potential contact for alarm remote Alarm display (over voltage, under compensation, overload) All combination of steps program: 1.1.1 / 1.2.2.2 / 1.2.3.4 etc

R7.8040.189

ALPTEC12.400

Technical characteristics (see opposite) Factory wired units designed to be integrated in universal cabinets as part of automatic compensation systems Comprising : - 1 Alpivar2 capacitor - 1 contactor suitable for handling capacitive currents - 1 detuned reactor with thermal protection - 1 set of 3 HRC fuses - 1 set of modular copper busbars with junction bars for connecting several panels in parallel - 1 steel frame on which the components are assembled and wired
Pack Cat.Nos

n Dimensions
Junction bars Junction bars

Alptec power factor controller controls the connection and disconnection of the capacitor steps in order to maintain the target power factor It operates in a digital manner so that measurements and readings are performed with accuracy and reliability, even on highly polluted networks Flush mounting IP 41 - IP 20 terminals Conform to IEC/EN 61010-1
Pack Cat.Nos

n Dimensions
Cat.Nos ALPTEC3.400 ALPTEC3.230 ALPTEC5.400 ALPTEC5.230 ALPTEC7.400 ALPTEC7.230 ALPTEC12.400 ALPTEC12.230 ALPTEC12H Dimensions (mm) Height x Width x Depth 96 x 96 x 65 96 x 96 x 65 144 x 144 x 62 144 x 144 x 62 144 x 144 x 62 Weight (kg) 0.42 0.44 0.46 0.77 0.98

Power factor controllers

Power supply 400 V - 50 Hz
Number of steps

325

325

Three-phase with detuned reactors (SAH type) - 50 Hz

Only racks of the same width or type (R5 or R7) can be coupled together Tuning rank = 3.78 Standard class - 400 V Harmonic level 25 % < SH/ST 35 %
Nominal power (kvar) 465 425

21x7 oblong fixing holes

21x7 oblong fixing holes

1 1 1 1
7 fixing holes

ALPTEC3.400 ALPTEC5.400 ALPTEC7.400 ALPTEC12.400 ALPTEC3.230 ALPTEC5.230 ALPTEC7.230 ALPTEC12.230 ALPTEC12H

3 5 7 12 Power supply 230 V - 50 Hz

Number of steps

7 fixing holes

R5 type

R7 type

1 1 1 1 1

3 5 7 12 12 (harmonic measurement)

1 1 1 1 1 1 1

R5.1040.189 R5.2040.189 R5.202040.189 R5.4040.189 R7.4040.189 R7.404040.189 R7.8040.189

Nominal power (kvar)

10 20 20+20 40 40 40+40 80 Reinforced class - 400 V Rated voltage 440 V Harmonic level 35 % < SH/ST 50 %

468 500

465 425

665 700

Standard type
Weight (kg) R5.1040.189 R5.2040.189 R5.202040.189 R5.4040.189 R7.4040.189 R7.404040.189 R7.8040.189 30 35 45 40 42 70 65

Reinforced type
Weight (kg) R5.R4040.189 R7.R4040.189 R7.R404040.189 R7.R8040.189 50 52 85 80

1 1 1 1

R5.R4040.189 R7.R4040.189 R7.R404040.189 R7.R8040.189

40 40 40+40 80

For other tuning rank or power, please consult us

20 21

Alpimatic automatic capacitor banks with electromechanical switching

three-phase racks standard and H type 400/415 V Network

Alpimatic automatic capacitor banks with electromechanical switching

three-phase racks SAH type - standard an reinforced class 400/415 V Network

M20040

M20040

Technical characteristics (p. 24) IP 31 - IK 05 box or cabinet Fully modular design for easy extension and maintenance Alpimatic is composed of several racks depending on capacitor bank type and power rating Control of the electromechanical contactors is made by Alptec power factor controller with simplified commissioning procedure Extendable cabinet, standard for main power ratings, optional for others Cables enter at the bottom (at the top on request) Protection of electrical parts against direct contact: IP 2X (opened door) Grey cabinet RAL 7032 and black plinth Conform to IEC 60439-1 and 2 and EN 60439-1
Pack Cat.Nos

MS28040.189

Technical characteristics (p. 24) IP 31 - IK 05 box or cabinet Fully modular design for easy extension and maintenance Alpimatic is composed of several racks depending on the capacitor bank type and power rating Control of the electromechanical contactors is made by Alptec power factor controller with simplified commissioning procedure Extendable cabinet standard for main power ratings, optional for others Cables enter at the bottom (at the top on request) Protection of electrical parts against direct contact: IP 2X (opened door) Grey cabinet RAL 7032 and black plinth Conform to IEC 60439-1 and 2 and EN 60439-1 Tuning rank n = 3.78
Pack Cat.Nos

Three-phase racks 50 Hz
Standard type - 400 V Harmonic pollution SH/ST 15 %
Nominal power (kvar) Steps (kvar)

Pack

Cat.Nos

Three-phase racks 50 Hz (continued)

H type - 400 V Harmonic pollution 15 % < SH/ST 25 %
Nominal power (kvar) Steps (kvar)

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

M1040 M1540 M2040 M2540 M3040 M37.540 M4040 M5040 M6040 M7540 M87.540 M10040 M12540 M15040 M17540 M20040 M22540 M25040 M27540 M30040 M35040 M40040 M45040

10 15 20 25 30 37.5 40 50 60 75 87.5 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300 350 400 450

5+5 5+10 10+10 10+15 10+20 12.5+25 10+10+20 10+15+25 20+20+20 25+25+25 12.5+25+50 25+25+50 25+50+50 (25+50)+75 25+(25+50)+75 50+2x75 (25+50)+2x75 2x50+2x75 (25+50)+50+2x75 (25+50)+3x75 50+4x75 2x50+4x75 6x75

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

MH1040 MH1540 MH2040 MH2540 MH3040 MH37.540 MH4040 MH5040 MH6040 MH7540 MH87.540 MH10040 MH12540 MH15040 MH17540 MH20040 MH22540 MH25040 MH27540 MH30040 MH35040 MH40040 MH45040

10 15 20 25 30 37.5 40 50 60 75 87.5 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300 350 400 450

5+5 5+10 10+10 10+15 10+20 12.5+25 10+10+20 10+15+25 20+20+20 25+50 12.5+25+50 25+25+50 25+50+50 (25+50)+75 25+(25+50)+75 50+2x75 (25+50)+2x75 (50+50)+2x75 (25+50)+50+2x75 (25+50)+3x75 50+4x75 (50+50)+4x75 6x75

Three-phase racks with detuned reactors (SAH type) 50 Hz

Standard class - 400 V Harmonic pollution 25 % < SH/ST 35 %
Nominal power (kvar) Steps (kvar)

Pack

Cat.Nos

Three-phase racks with duty type detuned reactors (SAH type) 50 Hz

Reinforced class - 400 V Harmonic pollution 35 % < SH/ST 50 %
Nominal power (kvar) Steps (kvar)

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

MS3040.189 MS4040.189 MS5040.189 MS6040.189 MS7040.189 MS8040.189 MS9040.189 MS10040.189 MS12040.189 MS16040.189 MS20040.189 MS24040.189 MS28040.189 MS32040.189 MS36040.189 MS40040.189

30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 120 160 200 240 280 320 360 400

10+20 2x10+20 10+(20+20) 20+(20+20) 10+20+40 (20+20)+40 10+(20+20)+40 20+(40+40) (20+20)+2x40 (40+40)+80 40+2x80 (40+40)+2x80 40+3x80 (40+40)+3x80 40+4x80 (40+40)+4x80

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

MS.R12040.189 MS.R16040.189 MS.R20040.189 MS.R24040.189 MS.R28040.189 MS.R32040.189 MS.R36040.189 MS.R40040.189 MS.R44040.189 MS.R48040.189 MS.R52040.189 MS.R56040.189

120 160 200 240 280 320 360 400 440 480 520 560

3x40 (40+40)+80 40+2x80 (40+40)+2x80 40+3x80 (40+40)+3x80 40+4x80 (40+40)+4x80 40+5x80 6x80 40+6x80 7x80

Other powers, voltage, frequency on request, please consult us

22

Other powers, voltage, frequency on request, please consult us

23

Alpimatic automatic capacitor banks with electromechanical switching

Alpistatic automatic capacitor banks with solid state switches

three-phase static racks standard and H type 400/415 V Network

n Technical data
Temperature class: - operating: - 10 to + 45 C (average over 24 h : 40 C) - storage: - 30 to + 60 C - average annual: 30 C Ventilation: Natural or forced depending on power rating Insulation class: 0.69 kV (tested at 2.5 kV, 50 Hz for one minute) Built-in power supply for auxiliary circuits Built-in connection terminal block for by-pass contact (operation on GenSet...) Possible remote alarm output Connections Allow for: - power cables (see p. 28) - current transformer to be located on phase L1 of the facility, upline from all receivers and the capacitor bank: - primary: rating depending on installation - secondary: 5 A (1 A on request) - power: 10 VA (recommanded) - Class I - note : this transformer can be supplied separetely on request

Three-phase - H type
Cat.Nos MH1040 MH1540 MH2040 MH2540 MH3040 MH37.540 MH4040 MH4540 MH5040 MH6040 MH7540 MH87.540 MH10040 MH12540 MH15040 MH17540 MH20040 MH22540 MH25040 MH27540 MH30040 MH35040 MH40040 Dimensions (mm) Height 650 650 650 650 650 650 650 650 650 740 740 1000 1000 1000 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1900 1900 1900 Width 380 380 380 380 380 380 380 380 380 380 380 350 350 350 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 Depth 260 260 260 260 260 260 260 260 260 260 260 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 Weight (Kg) 40 40 40 40 45 45 45 45 45 50 75 80 80 90 125 140 150 160 170 190 200 260 290 300 STS40040

e Real tim nsation compe tem sys free nt Transie

n Dimensions
Three-phase - Standard type
Cat.Nos M1040 M1540 M2040 M2540 M3040 M37.540 M4040 M4540 M5040 M6040 M7540 M87.540 M10040 M12540 M15040 M17540 M20040 M22540 M25040 M27540 M30040 M35040 M40040 M45040 Dimensions (mm) Height 650 650 650 650 650 650 650 650 650 740 740 1000 1000 1000 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1900 1900 1900 Width 380 380 380 380 380 380 380 380 380 380 380 350 350 350 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 Depth 260 260 260 260 260 260 260 260 260 260 260 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 Weight (Kg) 40 40 40 40 45 45 45 45 45 50 75 80 80 90 125 140 150 160 170 190 200 260 290 300

MH45040

Three-phase with detuned reactors (SAH type) - Standard and reinforced class
Cat.Nos MS3040.189 MS4040.189 MS5040.189 MS6040.189 MS7040.189 MS8040.189 MS9040.189 MS10040.189 MS12040.189 MS.R12040.189 MS16040.189 MS.R16040.189 MS20040.189 MS.R20040.189 MS24040.189 MS.R24040.189 MS28040.189 MS.R28040.189 MS32040.189 MS.R32040.189 MS36040.189 MS.R36040.189 MS40040.189 MS.R40040.189 MS.R44040.189 MS.R48040.189 MS.R52040.189 MS.R56040.189 Dimensions (mm) Height 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 1400 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 Width 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 1600 1600 1600 1600 Depth 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 Weight (Kg) 90 120 130 150 170 190 210 230 250 300

Technical characteristics (p. 27) IP 31 - IK 05 cabinet Alpistatic is a real time compensation system, with response time 40 ms It is specially designed for sites using fast variation loads, or processes sensitive to harmonics and transients All the steps can be connected or disconnected in one go, in order to match exactly the reactive demand Alpistatic is composed of several static racks depending on the capacitor bank type and power rating Each static rack includes: - 1 Alpivar2 capacitor - a 3 phase solid state contactor - fan cooled heat sink on each solid state contactor - a set of 3 HRC fuses per step Control of the solid state contactors is made by a fast power factor controller and electronic control board Cables enter at the bottom (at the top on request) Protection of parts against direct contact: IP 2X (opened door) Grey cabinet RAL 7032 and black plinth Conform to IEC 60439-1 and 2 and EN 60439-1
Pack Cat.Nos

Three-phase static racks 50 Hz

Standard type - 400 V Harmonic pollution SH/ST 15 %
Nominal power (kvar) Steps (kvar)

Pack

Cat.Nos

Three-phase static racks 50 Hz (continued)

H type - 400 V Harmonic pollution 15 % < SH/ST 25 %
Nominal power (kvar) Steps (kvar)

1
340 370 400 430 470 520 600 630 670 700

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

ST10040 ST12540 ST15040 ST17540 ST20040 ST22540 ST25040 ST27540 ST30040 ST32540 ST35040 ST37540 ST40040 ST45040 ST50040 ST52540 ST57540 ST62540 ST70040

100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300 325 350 375 400 450 500 525 575 625 700

2x25+50 25+2x50 3x50 2x50+75 50+2x75 25+50+2x75 2x50+2x75 50+3x75 25+50+3x75 2x50+3x75 50+4x75 5x75 2x75+2x125 75+3x125 4x125 2x75+3x125 75+4x125 5x125 75+5x125

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

STH8040 STH10040 STH12040 STH16040 STH20040 STH24040 STH28040 STH32040 STH36040 STH40040 STH44040 STH48040 STH52040 STH56040 STH60040 STH68040 STH72040

80 100 120 160 200 240 280 320 360 400 440 480 520 560 600 680 720

2x20+40 20+2x40 3x40 2x40+80 40+2x80 2x40+2x80 40+3x80 2x40+3x80 40+4x80 5x80 80+3x120 4x120 2x80+3x120 80+4x120 5x120 80+5x120 6x120

Other power and voltage on request, please consult us

25

24

for example: Alpistatic automatic xxxxxxx capacitor banks with solid state contactors
three-phase static racks SAH type - standard and reinforced class xxxxxxxx 400/415 V Network

Alpistatic automatic capacitor banks with solid state contactors

e Real tim nsation compe tem sys free nt Transie

n Electrical characteristics
Temperature class: - operating: - 10 to + 45 C (average over 24 h : 40 C) - storage: - 30 to + 60 C Ventilation: Forced and natural depending on power rating Insulation class: 0.69 kV (tested at 2.5 kV, 50 Hz for one minute) Built-in power supply for auxiliary circuits Built-in connection terminal block for by-pass contact (operation on Gen Set) Possible remote alarm output Connections Allow for: - power cables (see p. 28) - current transformer to be located on phase L1 of the facility, upline from all receivers and the capacitor bank: - primary: rating depending on installation - secondary: 5 A (1 A on request) - power: 10 VA (recommanded) - Class I - note : this transformer can be supplied separetely on request Fast reactive energy controller for automatic control - with automatic/manual operation - front panel display showing the number of steps operating - front panel display of cos - front panel display of many other electrical parameters (harmonics voltage, current...) Microprocessor instrumentation and control board using solid state contactors - triggers and releases contactors within 40 ms max. - avoids any transient voltages and currents when steps are triggered or released

Three-phase - H type
Cat.Nos STH8040 STH10040 STH12040 STH16040 STH20040 STH24040 STH28040 STH32040 STH36040 STH40040 STH44040 STH48040 STH52040 STH56040 STH60040 STH68040 STH72040 Dimensions (mm) Height 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 Width 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 1000 1000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 Depth 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 Weight (Kg) 150 170 200 220 250 280 300 325 350 375 400 450 520 540 560 600 620

Three-phase with detuned reactors (SAH type) Standard or reinforced class

Cat.Nos STS12040.189 STS.R12040.189 STS16040.189 STS.R16040.189 STS20040.189 STS.R20040.189 Dimensions (mm) Height 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 Width 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 1000 1000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 Depth 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 Weight (Kg) 240 260 300 340 380 410 440 490 530 600 650 690 720 750 810

STS28040.189

Technical characteristics (p. 27) IP 31 - IK 05 cabinet Alpistatic is a real time compensation system, with response time 40 ms It is specially designed for sites using fast variation loads, or processes sensitive to harmonics and transients All the steps can be connected or disconnected in one go, in order to match exactly the reactive demand Alpistatic is composed of several static racks depending on the capacitor bank type and power rating Each static rack includes: - 1 Alpivar2 capacitor - a 3 phase solid state contactor - fan cooled heat sink on each solid state contactor - 1 detuned reactor with thermal protection - a set of 3 HRC fuses per step Control of the solid state contactors is made by a fast power factor controller and electronic control board Cables enter at the bottom (at the top on request) Protection of parts against direct contact: IP 2X (opened door) Grey cabinet RAL 7032 and black plinth Conform to IEC 60439-1 and 2 and EN 60439-1
Pack Cat.Nos

n Dimensions
Three-phase - Standard type
Cat.Nos ST10040 ST12540 ST15040 ST17540 ST20040 ST22540 ST25040 ST27540 ST30040 ST32540 ST35040 ST37540 ST40040 ST45040 ST50040 ST52540 ST57540 ST62540 ST70040 Dimensions (mm) Height 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 2100 Width 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 800 1000 1000 1000 2000 2000 2000 2000 Depth 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 Weight (Kg) 170 190 210 230 250 270 290 300 315 330 350 370 380 400 425 520 560 580 610

STS24040.189 STS.R24040.189 STS28040.189 STS.R28040.189 STS32040.189 STS.R32040.189 STS36040.189 STS.R36040.189 STS40040.189 STS.R40040.189 STS44040.189 STS.R44040.189 STS48040.189 STS.R48040.189 STS52040.189 STS.R52040.189 STS56040.189 STS.R56040.189 STS60040.189 STS.R60040.189 STS68040.189 STS.R68040.189 STS72040.189 STS.R72040.189

Three-phase static racks with detuned reactors (SAH type) 50 Hz

Standard class - 400 V Rated voltage 440 V Harmonic pollution 25 % < SH/ST 35 %
Nominal power (kvar) Steps (kvar)

Pack

Cat.Nos

Three-phase static racks with detuned reactors (SAH type) 50 Hz

Reinforced class - 400 V Harmonic pollution 35 % < SH/ST 50 %
Nominal power (kvar) Steps (kvar)

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

STS12040.189 STS16040.189 STS20040.189 STS24040.189 STS28040.189 STS32040.189 STS36040.189 STS40040.189 STS44040.189 STS48040.189 STS52040.189 STS56040.189 STS60040.189 STS68040.189 STS72040.189

120 160 200 240 280 320 360 400 440 480 520 560 600 680 720

3x40 2x40+80 40+2x80 2x40+2x80 40+3x80 2x40+3x80 40+4x80 5x80 80+3x120 4x120 2x80+3x120 80+4x120 5x120 80+5x120 6x120

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

STS.R12040.189 STS.R16040.189 STS.R20040.189 STS.R24040.189 STS.R28040.189 STS.R32040.189 STS.R36040.189 STS.R40040.189 STS.R44040.189 STS.R48040.189 STS.R52040.189 STS.R56040.189 STS.R60040.189 STS.R68040.189 STS.R72040.189

120 160 200 240 280 320 360 400 440 480 520 560 600 680 720

3x40 2x40+80 40+2x80 2x40+2x80 40+3x80 2x40+3x80 40+4x80 5x80 80+3x120 4x120 2x80+3x120 80+4x120 5x120 80+5x120 6x120

26

27

protective circuit breaker and connection cable

selection table for capacitors

THREE-PHASE 400 V CAPACIToR NoMINAL PoWER (kvar)

THREE-PHASE CIRCuIT BREAKER RATINg / THERMAL SETTINg (A)

20/20 40/40 63/60 80/80 100/100 125/125 160/140 160/160 200/180 200/200 250/250 400/300 400/350 400/400 630/450 630/500 630/550 630/600 630/630 800/700 800/750 800/800 1000/900 1000/1000 1250/1100 1250/1200 1250/1250 1600/1400 1600/1500 1600/1600 2000/1700 2000/1800 2000/1900 2000/2000

CABLES MINIMuM CRoSS-SECTIoN PER PHASE

Cu (mm2)
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300 325 350 375 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 750 800 850 900 950 1000 6 10 16 25 35 35 35 50 50 70 70 95 120 150 150 185 185 2 x 95 2 x 95 2 x 120 2 x 120 2 x 150 2 x 150 2 x 185 2 x 185 4 x 120 4 x 120 4 x 150 4 x 150 4 x 150 4 x 150 4 x 150 4 x 185 4 x 185

Al (mm2)
10 16 25 35 50 50 50 70 70 95 95 120 185 240 240 2 x 120 2 x 120 2 x150 2 x 150 2 x 185 2 x 185 2 x 240 2 x 240 4 x 150 4 x 150 4 x 185 4 x 185 4 x 240 4 x 240 4 x 240 4 x 240 4 x 240 4 x 300 4 x 300

High voltage capacitors a complete range for power factor correction up to 69 kV

> High voltage capacitors:

- non-chlorinated, non-toxic, biodegradable - very high resistance to strong electrical fields - very low power losses, enabling considerable savings for high power capacitor banks

> High voltage capacitors banks:

Composed of several single-phase or three-phase unit capacitors assembled and interconnected to produce high-power assemblies called "capacitor banks" Composition depending on: - the total reactive power to be installed - the nominal network voltage - electrical constraints (harmonics, banks divided into sections or steps) - indoor or outdoor installation - operator safety IP 00 open rack IP 315 cubide

Note: The cable cross-section indicated in this table is the minimum recommended section. It does not take into account additional correcting factors (fitting method, temperature, long distances, etc.). The calculations are for unipolar cables mounted in ambient air at 30C.

Please consult your local contact for more details...

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Alptec power quality analyzers

Alptec power quality analyzers

n Technical data
Voltage measurement - 4 differential inputs - Measurement range: 10-750 Vrms Communication - USB, Ethernet, embeded modem (PSTN or GSM), RS232, RS485 Power supply of the devices - 190 - 264 V / 240 - 360 V= - Option 48 V= or 127 V= - Internal backup battery 30 min Standards - EN 50160 - IEC 61000-4-30 class A - IEC 61000-4-15 (Flicker) - IEC 61000-4-7 (Harmonic) - IEC 61000-3-6/7 (Harmonic statistics, imbalance and flicker). Current measurement - 4 input TI isolated - Rated current: 5 Arms Acquisition system - Sampling frequency: 10.2 kHz - RMS measurement: 200 ms Synchronisation and Flagging - GPS synchronisation - 10 minutes pulses synchronisation - Flagging of the data following EN 61000-4-30 Acquisition time - Dips, Swells and Interruptions: average 20 ms sliding by period (IEC 61000-4-30) - RMS measurement and harmonics: Values averaged on 200 ms - Statistic measurements, RMS and harmonics: average, minimum, maximum on: 10 minutes (configurable), 2 hours, 24 hours, 7 days - 40 class of histograms: 24 hours histograms based on 3 seconds data 7 days histograms based on 10 minutes data Recorded data Data are recorded in the memory card of the devices (CompactFLASH) All data are simultaneously and continuously recorded from the switching on of the device The characteristics of our devices are subject to change and not contractual

n Dimensions
Dimensions (mm) Cat.Nos Height RBAA001.1 RBAH002.1 RBAF001.1 RBAD001.1 RDAB002 135 380 380 245 181 Width 320 465 465 245 292 Depth 100 132 132 95 73.5 Weight (kg) 1.8 8 9 3.2 2.1

RBAA001.1

RBAH002.1

RBAF001.1

RBAD001.1

RDAB002

For on site power quality monitoring of electrical network at different locations such as: power plants, factories, office buildings (data servers, central banks), etc. Conform to EN 50160, IEC 61000-4-30 class A, IEC 61000-4-7 and IEC 61000-4-15
Pack Cat.Nos

Alptec 2444 power quality analyzers

Power supply: 190-264 V / 240-360 V= (48 V= and 127 V= power supply available on request) The following values are measured and recorded on compact flash memory card: - dips, swells, and waveforms - power quality reports - flicker (Pst, Plt according to IEC61000-4-7) - 51 harmonics and inter-harmonics (voltage and current), - symmetrical values, unbalance - conventional magnitudes (U, I, P, Q, S, D, PF, THD U and THD I) Communication modes: USB, Ethernet and RTC modem (GSM and IP modem available on request) Supplied with: - backup battery (autonomy: minimum 30 minutes) - 512 MB flash memory card - RS 232 cable - USB cable Alptec 2444d - DIN rail mounting For permanent monitoring Measurement: 4 voltages and 4 currents with galvanic insulation Input: terminal blocks with screws Alptec 2444R with reinforced immunity for 19" racks mounting For permanent monitoring Measurement: 4 voltages and 4 currents with galvanic insulation Can be equipped with reinforced battery for 3h autonomy Input: terminal blocks with screws Alptec 2444Duo - for 19" racks mounting For permanent monitoring Measurement: 8 voltages and 8 currents Input: terminal blocks with screws Alptec 2444i - for portable use For temporarily monitoring Portable device Measurement: 4 voltages and 4 currents Quick connectors Supplied with: - voltage clamps - current clamps (100 A / 1 Vrms) - suitcase for transport

Pack

Cat.Nos

Alptec 2333 power quality analyzers - IP 54

Power supply: 380-600 V in 3-phase mode or 85-250 V in single-phase mode Portable device for temporarily monitoring The following values are measured and recorded on compact flash memory card: - dips, swells, and waveforms - power quality reports - flicker (Pst, Plt according to IEC61000-4-7) - 51 harmonics and inter-harmonics (voltage and current), - symmetrical values, unbalance - conventional magnitudes (U, I, P, Q, S, D, PF, THD U and THD I) Communication mode: USB Measurement: 3 voltages and 3 currents Supplied with: - backup battery (autonomy: minimum 45 minutes) - 1 Gb flash memory card - USB cable - 3 voltage clamps - 3 current clamps (100 A / 1 Vrms) - suitcase for transport

RDAB002

RBAA001.1

Accessories
3 3

RBAE016 RBAG007 RBAE017 RBAE006

RBAH002.1

RBAF001.1

Clamps 10 A micro clamps Supplied with 2 m cable Switchable clamp: 10 A/100 A/1000 A Supplied with 2 m cable Alpflex flexible coil Flexible coil switchable: 3 kA/1 kA/300 A Supplied with 3 m cable Novafax 56000 modem Modem for data download 56 kb/s

Winalp 2400 software

1

RBAD001.1

RBAT001

Allows downloading, storing and comparing data from a whole fleet of Alptec power quality analyzers for further analysis and reports printing Compatible with: - Win98 - Win NT4, - Windows millennium, - Windows XP and - Windows Vista

48 V= and 127 V= power supply, GSM and IP modem: please consult us

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Winlap 2400 software

zoom on the main functions

Every graphical table is configurable and the user can add remarks The software makes it possible to analyse the data downloaded from different sites simultaneously

n Signaling voltage analysis

n Reports printing

n RMS values and harmonics

n Histograms

Histograms on every RMS value possible 24 hours and 1 week histograms

n Quality table

Some electricity suppliers transmit ripple control voltage signals superimposed on the electricity Network - The Signalling Voltage window displays a list of decoded ripple control frames (decoded) transmitted on the electrical network, as well as the associated magnitudes and length of the impulses - The date and time as well as its average rate of injection are associated with each frame

n Real time display

Simultaneous display of different values synchronized on the same timebase - Display of the 52 harmonics in the time - Harmonic graph following CEI 61000-3-6

n Events

The quality of the network is visible in reports according to the EN 50160 standard and UNIPEDE rules The compliance of the quality of the Network Power quality can be checked daily, weekly or monthly

At any time, the user can display the electrical values in the following different pattern: - Oscilloscopic display - measurement tables - Vectorial graphs (phasor) This enables to permanently check any wiring defect and the real time status of the electrical Network

The shape and the waveform of the events (Dips, Swells and Interruption) are displayed The RMS values of the Voltages and the Currents are recorded during the event time

- Reports following the EN50160 Standard (configurable) can be automatically generated - The data can be exported to a spreadsheet or copied to another PC - The printout of the user configurable reports can be scheduled from the software

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World Headquarters and International Department 128, av du Marchal-de-Lattre-de-Tassigny 87045 Limoges Cedex - France tl : + 33 (0) 5 55 06 87 87 fax : + 33 (0) 5 55 06 88 88 e-mail : direction-export.limoges@legrand.fr www.legrandgroup.com

EX29038