Enzyme Review MCQs (From the official biochemistry study guide)

1.Enzymes are: a) Proteins b) Chloroplasts c) Genes d) Mitochondria 2. Enzymes are catalysts. They increase the rate of chemical reactions by: a) Raising the activation energy b) Temporarily increasing the temperature c) Covalently binding the substrate d) Lowering the activation energy 3. Enzymes are classified by the: a) Size of the enzyme b) Size of the substrate c) Type of reaction d) Rate of reaction 4. Shown below is a graph describing energy versus reaction coordinate for a catalyzed and uncatalyzed reaction. Fill in the blanks with the letter that corresponds to each stage of the graph.

_____ ES _____ S (substrate) _____ P (product) _____ Uncatalyzed reaction 5. The minimum amount of energy necessary for a molecule(s) to react is the: a) Activation energy b) Free energy c) Thermal energy 1

d) Potential energy 6. The state produced when two or more molecules collide with just the right energy and just the right orientation so that a chemical reaction might occur is: a) Catalytic state b) Transition state c) Activation state d) Transient state 7. One of the following statement describing the mechanism of enzyme action is INCORRECT: a) Many enzymes have flexible structures that allow them to enfold their substrate b) The substrate is often distorted when it enters an enzyme-substrate complex c) Amino acid side chains involved in the formation of the active site center are usually close together in the amino acid sequence of the enzyme protein d) Amino acid side chain near the active site center often have a role in the catalytic process 8.Which of the following statement about enzyme catalyzed reaction is NOT TRUE: a) Enzymes form complexes with their substrate b) Enzymes increase the activation energy for chemical reaction c) Many enzymes change shape slightly when substrate binds d) Reactions occur at the active site of enzymes, where a precise quaternary orientation of amino acids is an important feature of catalysis 9. Which of the following does not influence enzyme activity? a) pH b) Temperature c) Product degradation d) Substrate concentration 10. The Michaelis constant Km is: a) Numerically equal to Vmax b) Dependent on the enzyme concentration c) Independent on pH d) Numerically equal to the substrate concentration that gives halfmaximal velocity 11. What effect does temperature have on enzymes? a) Boiling will denature them, as will being too cold b) Boiling will not harm them, but being too cold will denature them c) Boiling and cooling will both reduce the speed of their rate d) Boiling will denature them, but cooling will only slow down their work

12. The Michaelis-Menten equation is Vo=Vmax [S]/(Km+[S]). Fill in the blanks with the letters shown to correctly label each part of the graph

_____ Vmax _____ [S] _____ Vo _____ Point used to determine the Km 13. Which type of reversible enzyme inhibitor binds to the free enzyme and the enzyme-substrate complex? a) Noncompetititive b) Competitive c) Uncompetitive d) None of the above 14. In competitive inhibition, one of the following statement is CORRECT: a) Vmax is increased b) The concentration of active enzyme molecule is unchanged c) The apparent Km is increased d) The apparent Km is decreased 15. Enzyme action can be influenced by the presence of inhibitors. Which of the following statements correctly matches the type of inhibitor with its effect on an enzyme. a) Irreversible and Renders the enzyme permanently inactive b) Competitive and Inhibitor binds only to ES complex, only important when[S] high, Vmax lower, Km lower c) Noncompetitive and Can be overcome with high [S], Vmax unchanged, Km higher d) Uncompetitive and Cannot be overcome with high[S], Vmax lower, but Km unchanged

16. Allosteric enzymes are large, oligomeric proteins that have catalytic sites for binding substrates and regulatory sites that bind effectors. The separate oligomers influence one another; they work cooperatively. This is evidenced by the characteristic rate curves for allosteric enzymes which have: a) Michaelis-Menten kinetics b) Hyperbolic kinetics c) Sigmoidal kinetics d) Regulatory kinetics 17. Some enzymes are first synthesized in an inactive form. These zymogens must undergo proteolytic cleavage to produce the active enzyme. Which of the following statements are true of proteolytic cleavage? a) It is reversible b) It is irreversible c) It is random d) It occurs in the region of zymogen synthesis 18. Increased synthesis of an enzyme is known as: a) Activation b) Inhibition c) Induction d) Repression 19. In the graph below a) Which one of the plot explains the behavior of an allosteric enzyme? b) What is the meaning of cooperativity?

20. In normal blood, the alkaline phosphatase activity is derived mainly from: a) Bone and small intestine b) Bone and liver c) Small intestine and placenta d) Bone and placenta

21. How many different isoenzymes of normal LDH can be identified by electrophoresis at pH 8.6 a) Two b) Three c) Four d) Five 22. LDH assays are useful in diagnosing diseases of the: a) Heart b) Pancreas c) Liver d) a and c