1.

Introduction
1.1. Background
Despite the introduction of computers in the operation of several government activities, the retrieving, updating and tracking of land related data are still paper-based; this is often true for the local government unit (LGU). With the increase in numbers of records to manage, it cannot cope with the situation due to several reasons such as funding constraints, lack of manpower, etc. Tools are required to facilitate the implementation of a proper land policy. This is where land administration and land administration system enter. By definition, land administration (LA) refers to the processes of recording and disseminating information about the ownership, value and use of land and its associated resources. Such processes include the adjudication of rights and other attributes of the land, the survey and description of these, their detailed documentation and the provision of relevant information in support of land markets. (UNECE 1996) On the other hand, land administration system (LAS) is an infrastructure for the implementation of land policies and land management strategies in support of sustainable development. The infrastructure includes institutional arrangements, a legal framework, processes, standards, land information, management and dissemination systems, and technologies required to support allocation, land markets, valuation and control of use and developments of interests in land. (Williamson 2000) Several attempts to improve LAS were undertaken by different nations in the past primarily to provide formal recognition of rights in land. Usual objectives includes reforming and strengthening policy, legal and institutional frameworks, introducing formal land titling systems, improving registration practices, upgrading survey and record keeping technologies, all in an effort to develop more efficient and effective land administration services. (Burns 2006)Last year, with the initiatives of the International Federation of Surveyors (FIG), a Land Administration Domain Model (LADM) has been developed as an International Standard, the ISO 19152. Locally, efforts in developing efficient LAS are also being taken through the Land

Administration Management Project (LAMP), Land Titling Computerization Project (LTCP), etc. The task is to create a model based on existing standards. It is for this reason that we will use the ISO 19152 Standards The Land Administration Domain Model as an instrument in achieving the aim of building a reference framework for the LGU, displaying its relationship with the two main agencies involved in land administration, the Land Regulation Authority (LRA) and the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR), that will serve as an initial step towards a paperless-based and more efficient management. It has to be emphasized that the government needs information to govern. An efficient solution to achieving this is a software application built on top of a data model. The data model is the core, data to include and how to structure this. Providing a data model for land administration based on an established standard is worth making efforts for.