N90-

28(518

EVOLIJTIOI'; AND THERNAI

AND

ITSE FOR

OF

CONBINED

MECHANICAl BEARINGS

CODES

CRYOf;ENIC

TURBOPU_tP

Joe

C.

Codv, &

David

F.

Nartv,

and

.lemes

D.

Moore

Aerospace

Commercial Svstems SRS Technologies Huntsville, Air ?5806

D_rectorate

ABSTRACT

Shaft and (LOX) Flight Thermal ing of used to

bearing

svstem

analysis Space

cedes

have }!o_n

been Engine support

developed, (SSME) the Test code, uses

improved, Oyy_en Space progrom. the mcdel-

investigate bearing (MSFC) modeling

Shuttle and Seal

I,iqu_d Marshall (BSMT) and the for

turbopump Center network bearing

nrob!ems, Bearing uses and the

to

>_aterials thermal

"SINDA"

quasi-dynamic code. These software turbine nitrogen the heat, to codes

characteristics are and (LNg) solved for pump a_d end LOX

"SHABERT_" a I,earing/ cf BSMT _SFC

bearing/shaft shaft the system SSME LOX im models

concurrently th_s purpose. and dcne. bearings has beep be_rin_ e_ergy. generatinn surfaces temperature,

using

developed

Simu]at_ the

turbopump liquid include

operating network housing, recently

The

thermal shaft,

bearing and

components, fluid heat

carriers, A cage

frictional been included

viscous for

model the

has ca_?e

_ccount

between operate and at move

and rolling tures well speed nant vection local pre]oads bearing

elements. above the

Since coolant

most bearing saturation

tempersat high domiconthe

relative mechanism film vapor in

to the coolant, forced convection boiling for heat removal. Improved modelin_ ef boiling generation the pump and has been at the incorporated high are to take into surfaces. prelosd change

is the forced account

temperature provided an_]es by

Bearing springs. As

tester and

operating

clearances

contact

due

to

thermcl varying included ap

effects and conditions. in the overall

]oading, the bearing These characteristics svstem models. if

pre]oad changes with these have been modeled and are Results from predicts thermal Simply _nd exceeds these a stated, the predicted models thermal for cooling for

indJcatp excursion. models these

operational Beyond to ditions ity of these at the the arrive

limit limiting s heat coolant

which, compatible generated system.

exceeded, the the sc]ution.

conditions in

mechanical

fail con-

bearing

cnpabilthe BSMT for

Limiting

conditions

in LN 2 have BSMT operation

correlated in LOX

well will be

with experimental data. Predictions compared with upcoming LOX tests.

88

INTRODUCTION The development of system modeling capabilitv for high speed bearings operatin_ in cryogenics, supports the overall MSFC bearing and geal materials development program which Js designed to formulate and experimentally verify failure mechanismsand life prediction models for high speed bearing shaft systems operating in cryogenics. The modeling effort supports the BSMTprogram, and the development and improvement
of the SSME LO turbopumps. Modeling BSMT bearing of the shaft operating characteristics is a of complex the SSME task LOX pump and the

characteristics

requiring

application tions involved of

multi-disciplined dynamic, determination Due to this

engineering stress, of the thermal, bearing

capabilities. and shaft fluid

Combinaanalyses are

deflection, in the

system

operating have data are

characteristics. improved obtained As in and the a_

cnmplexity, fashion as operation searchos change and other chan_es improved the anc_ f_u_d heat with preload. due The

modeling new

capabilities

evolutionary of

experimental matures.

understanding bearing internal shaft

svstem

svstem

for to

thermal thermal such as these

and

mechanical and angle, has been

equilibrium, e::terna! change updated changes. flow loads tile to conditions loss

clearances These operating "or

gradients, contact code

cban_e. account and across

changes due to inlet the

bearing

mechanical to coolant

preload have be run bearings other local vapor been

operational for two phase The on The been

Therm_l

models can the and the for of heating tbe MSFC

account

saturated. influence considered. has been ball

pressure _;aturation method improved to and provide the

corresponding are

temperature estimating account simulation resulting of

properties transfer The to

for to

coefficient cage cage has and

local heat

quality. due

modeled contact,

generation, on

effects BSMT that

component in I,N

temperatures. have well have successfully with also pre-

b:ode]s dicted support

operating have BSMT in

thermal for upcoming

excursions the tests tester of

correlated in LOX. LOX

experiment. been made to

Predictions

operating this

Model

Descriptio_is The internal bearing enters pair origina!]y tests modeled. rre copfigurat_on pairs and are exits designed limited bearing to Joad, of similar, at via for each a the MSFC only end common radial of BSMT one the flow and is pair path. axial Since section shown is in Figure 1. The through the current an is

Since coolant each roster and

the bearing was

modeled. flows Although

flow

a manifold

tester,

loading, this of the

planned

axial a

loads. radial

produces system

axiaJ]y tbermallv

symmetrical

89

The bearing shaft configuration of the SSMEHPOTPis shown in Figure 2. As with the tester two pairs of angular contact ball bearings are used. The two pairs are different however, w_tb 45 mm bore bearings at the pumpend and 57 mmbearings at the turbine end. The "SHABERTH" (Reference I) mode] of this system includes all four bearings and the shaft. The pumpend bearings are cooled by flow from the preburner pumpthat passes through a damping sea! before entering the bearings. The turbine end bearings are cooled bv flow passing through the hollow shaft and distributed via a diverter plate to tbe entrance to bearing No. 4. Although the thermal networks for all bearings are similar, differences occur in the support structure for the tester, pumpend _,d turbine end bearings. In addition both LOX and LNo coolants are included in the tester models. A typical nodal representation of the inner race, ball, cage and outer race for the 57 mmHPOTP turbi,e end bearing is shown in Figure 3. There are 546 nodes in the mode]. Surface nodes are connected by appropriate thermal resistors to the cryogenic fluid. Heat transfer coefficients are selected to represent the appropriate fluid heat transfer regime based on the node surface temperatures and the fluid saturation temperature. The cs_e is represented by nine nodes and is thermally connected to the bail an_ coolant flow. At this stage of development the cage is not thermally copnected to the outer race. The fluid drag force acting on the ca_e is estimated and assumed to be equally shared by each ball. This force is used with the cage to ball friction and relative velocity between ca_e and ball to estimate the heat generation at the cage to ball interface. Considerable heat is generated in the flow circuit due to working the fluid. The balls translate an_ spin through the fluid, the ca_e pockets cause considerable fluid drs_, the inner race spins relative to the fluid, and the fluid rotates relative to the outer race. The relative rotational speed of the fluid and bail train is an important consideration in estimating cage drag and fluid work. Each bearing system is different in this respect. The HPOTPpump e,d bearin_ coolant flow passes through a rotating sea] that imparts rotation to the coolant upstream of the first bearing. The turbine end coolant flow passes through a diverter plate rotatin_ _t shaft speed. The plate is designed to match the tangential component of fluid velocity with the tangential velocity of the ba]] train. The tester coolant flow is introduced radially and flows inward before passin_ through a bearing pair. The rotating shaft and slinger impart a rotation to the flow before it enters the bearings. In each case the tangential and axial velocities of the upstream flow are estimated for calculation of fluid heat generation. Heat generated due to fluid work in the downstream bearings is estimated in a similar manner. The other source of heat generated in the bearings is the heat generated at the rollin_ element contacts. These values are obtained from the "SHABFRTH" bearing code.

90

Surface The estimate Locally a

to

Fluid following

Heat

Transfer procedure outlines coefficients surface the heat surface rate tile the in method the bearing can be and adjacent current]y thermal liquid, fluid fluid used models. vapor saturation for any or to

the at

heat heat

transfer transfer on

the

fluid

combination eJement

depending The is:

temperature to the

temperature. surface

surface

I)
t w' A t

q = hA
e

(t
w

- t )
s

_ e

= = =

Surface and Neat transfer Surface area

saturation coefficient of the

temperature

element.

If (t W surface liquid some is

2.78C or and forced are vapor

(5F)) < convection used. exists

liquid is _eat transfer this the condition interface.

assumed to exist at coefficients based Js The not satisfied of

the on then vapor

properties quaDtitv of

7f at

quantity

estimated: hAt W

t
S

2_

t1
S

tb_

Cp

f_

The

latent

heat

of

vaporization

at

the

local

pressure

and

saturation tb Cp A = = The Tile

temperature

fluid bulk temperature specific heat of the area representative

liquid of the flow passage.

Surface

The
as:

experimental

res:_e]ta

of

_tendrix

et

al

are

correJated

(Reference

2)

Nu

3)

exp
_U

exp[.I85

.215

.00767

(_,n x) 2]

ca 1

Vapor

quality.

Nu N eXD,uss_It

is

the number

experSmentalJy for the

derived corre]at_on

Nusselt is:

number

and

the

calculated

4)

Nu
cal

.026

0.8 NRe
V _ S _p

0.33 Wpr
V

u 0.t4 (__yv)
UW

91

NRe v,s,p
Npr
V

Single at

phase

Reynolds conditions with

Number

with

vapor

Droperties

eva]uate_

saturation number

= Prandtl conditions = Vapor

vapor

properties

at

saturation

viscosity

evaluated

at

saturation

and

element

surface

temperatures

The

vapor

quality

is

defined

as:

5)

X = _-_

With tions 2,

known 3, 4

surface and 5 can

(tw) be

and solved Since

saturat_or for the has the above

(ts3 ratio

temperatures, (_f experimental was

Fquato

calculated for flow in

Nusselt tubes, above

numbers. and ratio the of more

corre!:_t_en more

developed flow

bearing

considerably to calculated of is Boelter is used

comple:_

geometry, is the other used ball, than

the with

experimental representative for the heat an

Nusse]t geometry. and for

numbers For surfaces vapor a mere not

correlations

bearin_ used

Katsnellson's the rolling at of

equation element the the film

spheres Dittus

e_uation to

with Althou_h heat on

properties conservative rigorous, coefficients mass the flow BSMT

evaluated estimate this and method including

temperature transfer estimate which mode]

provide

coefficient. of two is phase dependent

provides local and

transfer coolant with

quality, provides

subcoolin_, data. Model

results

consistent

performance

Mechanical/Thermal The code a have SHABERTH been pair. affects

Iterative code determine temperature differential

Technique and a the SINDA (Reference thermal are _rowth Higher heat Thus, and the model. iteration with 3) thermal for , the

mechanical coupled Bearing the increases frictional from updates to written Language to

mechanical/ and load

solution

bearing

interrelated of the

temperature

thermal

bearing loads higher from the

components which causes increased component the

the internal heat. This the the update to thermal thermal the perform (JCL),

loads. increased code. model

internal causes the output

temperatures model is used was Control

mechanical model program and Job

output An usin_ MSFC's

from

thermal control code

mechanical this compatible

executive FORTRAN IBM/CRAY

computer The trated an SHABERTH conditions update

system. interaction the model. for the turbine The those of end of the mechanical in and Figure component calculates The Bearing frictional #3 thermal #3 new thermal 4. The the models user bearing is then is is to _llussupply the

for

bearings the bearin_ then

initial

estimate

temperatures

for

program temperatures.

operatin_ used to new the for

heat mode]

thermal which model.

model.

The

calculates

temperatures mechanical

updates With these

the Bearing temperatures

temperatures in operating conditions

92

the hearing pair are determined and the frictional heat is used to update the thermal model for Bearing #4. The thermal model then predicts new temperatures for Bearing #4. The executive control
orogram If the then new If the (1832F). and any compares old compare set program If solution the of the new and for 2C old temperatures #3 a do any exceeded the program stops. are user and for those not converged agree both for bearings. Bearing solution within has #4 is 2C temperatures withing bearing checks this to condition If control the program if they the Bearing (3.6F) respectively found. (3.6F_, I000C no

temperatures see if is all

temperature the

exceeded stops less and than

program are the loop then

compatible (1832F) is

exists. executive II

temperatures checks The

I000C if the it

counter; evaluates If the

greater

tha_ to

user or manually start than

temperatures iterations mode] program updates Figure and the of

determine are

converging can and is less

diverging. update the 11 and

further mechanical control program execution. mechanical illustrates temperature

desired latest the loop

with again. the 5 thermal

the If

temperatures counter model graphically for a for converged a

executive the control

mechanical illustrates model will

automatically the iteration solution.

continues between Figure where the 6 the

iteration the ball

process exceed

diverged (1832F_.

solution

I000C

Modeling ]'he of

of

Operatin_

Preload

Characteristics code has been modified pairs. bv forceab]y stiffness loss to Bearing generating offsetting Some increased bearing generate pre!oad, bearings Figure set. is of can LOX pump consider effects in

bearing

mechanical springs in sets load to _s

preloading ball load. outer is

duplex is

bearing accomplished by

preloading an internal the amount and

duplex axial and

bearing The races

generated the

inner of ball

compress because minimized. and varying axially in axial te the To axial the the

rolling

elements.

pre]oading skidding clearance, loads in compensating floating the spring outer by the input updated current manual internally other effects spring

desirable are thermal of for design these races

bearing

effects from excess

However, dynamic To effects, loaded 45 mm on where model of of Bowever, the race to by

operating internal while utilize 7 The shows beam the model be the to and

effects, maintain the beam end

preloads.

bearing

outer

springs. bearing while

arrangement an move force. the

pump the the

maintains races sprin_ governing to to

preload point properly offset amount the

bearings internal this and

allowing is races, the

preload outer

balanced must to

configuration,

inner offset

reflect

corresponding this has due to time been

spring iteration account _nd

deflection. procedure, for the bearin_ results

avoid

consuming modified

SHABERTH geometry

software changes on operating

temperature

this

has

preload.

The iterat_ve]y During calculated

preload modifies each

spring the

model input the The

utilizes data to

root

finding outer race is

algorithm axial compared by to

that travel. the

reflect

iteration, spring force.

bearing spring

reaction force is

force

determined

multiplying

93

the spring constant by the change in bearin_ deflection correspondin_ to the reaction force. The solution continues until a force balance is achieved. Figure 8 shows the thermo] compensation effect of the preload spring in the 45 mm pump end bearing. These curves were generated by executing SHAEERTH both with and without the "spring option" activated. The ball temperature was varied to simulate loss of internal clearance. The temperature of all other bearin_ components was -173C (-280F)Therefore, the ball temperatures and loads illustrated do not correspond to actual operating conditions. In a typical analysis, the model accounts for clearance changes from manv sources including inner and outer race temperature chan_es. The figure illustrates that the preload spring reduces the rate of internal axial load increase with loss of bearing clearance. The 45 mm pump end bearings bottom the spring with approximately 5650 N (1270 lbs_ axial load. When the spring bottoms no further thermal compensotion is available and the rate of loading rapidly increases with further loss of internal clearance.
Comparison Materials The operating for tester of Model Results and Test Data for MSFC's Bearin_ and Sea] Tester BSMT limits bearing/shaft and to guide in model the LN o Sf model for both was used of The results for tests. the LOX. LN. _e to estimate bearin_

establishment and mode] LOX.

redline tests tester LOX will

temperatures b_ve data tests occur 9 and i0 been ore are were are

operation and in The

LN o an_ planned

completed, presented, provided. of special

comparisons addition conditions for

predictions which LN_ and thermal LOX for in is

excursions Figures

interest of

comparisons model results race and

model for the coolant inlet tests

and BSMT

test _ata operating

tests. 7mcluded difference in the difference

are outer in

inlet and LOX tests and ball

temperatures enthalpy. are the

plotted

versus

saturated upcoming The LN 2 bearings, The of contact

The tester configuration same with the exception will are with use Phase Phase are race a thermal experienced (Test (12

of

for th_ I,N2 and the _earln_s. turbine end end bearings. 57 the the mm angular exception Phase II

were conducted the LOX tests configurations bearings. clearance All and predicted of 2

I turbopump II turbine both similar being with for at LN .

bearing increased

similar,

dimensions inner

curvatures excursion in a 2451). 3 BTU/Ib)

bearings. 23.3 Figure KJ/Kg 9

The (10 the

model BTU/Ib) number 16.3

approximately As shown in at tests, a in also without even thermaJ 10 FiRure removed test though 0.102 operatin_ This line in mm excursion

subcooled

enthalpy

bearing (7 BTU/Ib) removed. 27.9 test, higher excursions

thermPal In as

approximately the bearing at 2471). bearing 2 excursion (Test from cutoff. subcooling (4 mils) of at

kJ/kg

subsequent shown were

redline

was

Bearing

experienced

approximately After 3, this thermal reduced to

kJ/kg

temperature temperature were

redlines not the a

allowing

oDeration experienced model thermally for zero to

Further was

zero. wear

Revising allowed

reflect stable subcooling.

diametrical higher with

ball component the

condition is in

temperatures tester

agreement

observed

operation.

The

dashed

94

FiKures 9 and 10 indicates possible outer race temperatures as the bearing wears to provide additional operating clearance. This _ndlcates a thermal excursion can occur with a "new" bearing, recover and continue to operate at higher temperature as internal wear increases the clearance. This, however, must be verified by additional tests. Modeling results with LOX as the coolant are also provided for comparison. For the conditions investigated, the Phase II design operating in LOXhas a lower outer race temperature rise over the inlet coolant temperature and can operate at less subcooling before a thermal excursion occurs than can the Phase I design operating in LN . The increased clearance in the Phase II bearings accounts in part _or the improved performance. In addition the effects of pressure on the thermal stability of the bearing must be considered. Since inlet subcooling is controlled by tester pressure, low inlet subcooling requires reductions in inlet pressure for a given value of inlet coolant temperature. Consequently, the lower the inlet temperature, the lower the pressure for a specific value of subcoollng. Due to the
pressure larger effect values of op heat transfer, to maintain lower inlet temperatures stability. require subcooling thermal

Model

Results The

for

High

Pressure

Oxidizer model was and wos

Turbopump used pump used ball to end to on

Bearings evaluate bearings evaluate operating using with the the to of the operating the SSME

mechanical/thermal for The both the end turbine bearing

conditions HPOTP. of

end model races

turbine friction The The effect

effects

contact

between of flow

the rate

and

charactepump end

ristics. bearings. option" conditions.

was model

investigated was springs operated

mechanical/thermal considers the

"spring operating

which

preload

adjusting

The conditions friction condition. maximum bearings, bearing that bearing

HPOTP sbo_m which

turbine in was in Table

end 1.

bearings The to

were model a was

investigated operated

for using

the dry limit

increased Table I

determine the average

stable component and heat

operating

Sbo_.m average and for

are

temperatures, loads on for due of to the each shaft

track the the #3 total will increased growth. a axial

temperatures, inner and of about radial The thermal force is %8900 model needed N stable maximum N/mm

total outer friction 75% of

axial race the

radial generation The model load by loss the

coefficient carry

shown. radial

predicted

deflection due would bottomed. turbine determined For Kpsi) these for end to

and thermal experience The

stiffness also to excursion

caused predicted before fully Ibs). was Stress Kpsi)

clearance pair springs Phase axial II load ibs). 2 (%480

that the compress The

bearing the

preload

springs for a

(%2000

maximum N %3310 bearing

thermally the and

solution Hertz 2 (%395

_6850 was for

(%1540 N/mm #4.

conditions, bearing #3

_2720

95

To illustrate the effect of coolant flow on bearing operation, the pump end bearings were investigated usin_ a coefficient of friction of 0.460, saturated inlet coolant at 2.3 N/mm 2 (334 Ds_a_ and saturated exit at 1.9 N/mm = (276 psia_. The initial chilled preload was 2135 N (480 Ib). Shownin Figure ii are the average componenttemperatures as a function of coolant flow. The range of flow was chosen to be representative of the flow rates in the HPOTP pumpend bearings. For these conditions the lowest flow rate that would maintain a stable solution was 1.81 Kg/s (4 Ib/s). At this flow, bearing #2 had thermally stiffened such that it supported virtually all of the radial load. The preload spring was compressed to about 5000 N CI]24 !b). The force needed to fully compress (bottom) the Phase II pump end spring is _5650 N (1270 ib). Thus, the Phas_ II pumpend bearings will experience a thermal excursion before the pre]oad sprinE bottoms. The maximumcontact stress predicted for this case Js for the bearin_ #? inner race of 3240 N/mm 2 (470 Kpsi). Figure _! shows that the component operating temperatures can be si_nifica_tlv lowered by increasing the coolant flow rate. WheDthe temperatures are decreased
the (12 Thus, (12 %21%. internal ib/s) by Ib/s) the loads axial on the force the force flow en bearing on the rate the are less, for spring 1.81 end kg/s example, is 393_ at N to be 5.4 (884 5.4 k_/s ]b). kg/s by preload from pump increasing the axial (4)b/s) can

bearin_

decreased

CONCLUSIONS

Improvements shaft systems

in operating

the in

capability cryogenics

for have

modelin_ been

high

speed

h earJn_ the

developed. in LOX these effects of and the more

Without

insight provided by the would not be available. on and the two on other phase bearing operating heat

BSMT and other tests By modeling the local transfer coefficients can

improvements vapor quality and load

thermal

effects

preload,

bearing

temperatures, be

thermal

excursions, rea_stically

characteristics

predicted. These design including bearing codes of provide bearing of new valuable shaft bearing treatment improvements the due cage to for the to need systems material of to tools for assessing in cryogenics A]thcu_h mechanical The time improve contact analvses components unloaded data from the and for are balls the the

characteristics the evaluation in

operating candidates.

comprehensive characteristics, dependent estimate also needed. entering MSFC BSMT to

the combined additional of

thermal and are needed. be and modeled cage/race Improved bearing by caused to

characteristics of heat generation the fluid

cage/ball cage loading. and

improve the Heat a load in LOX

estimates drag on due

estimating

cage ball

other

generation zone is needs required

skid work. model

additional for further

Additional verification.

96

References

SHABERTH

Computer

AFAPL-TR-76-90,

Program October ]976

Operation

Manual,

Technical

Report

Brentari, Heat

E.

G.; for

Giarratano, Oxygen, Sept. Program

P.

J.;

and

Smith,

R. and

V.: Helium.

Boiling NBS

Transfer Note Engineering

Nitrogen, 1965. Manual

Hydrogen,

Technical SINDA 1971.

317.,

(Contract

No.

NAS9-10435),

June

97

TABLE

HPOTP

TURBINE

END

BEARINGS OF

(57

mm

PHASE

II)

OPERATING

CONDITIONS

COEFFICIENT 0.200 T F) F) oF)

FRICTION
m

0.300 BRG 4 I BRG 3 100 C (212 -48 C (.54 -109 C (-164 248 C (479 174 C (345 50 C (122 0.250 "_ F) F) F) F) F) F) BRG 4 -19 C (-3 F) 88 C (-126 ) -136 C (-213 F) 95 C (203 102 C (216 -69 C (-93 F) F) oF) 129 BRG 3 BRG 4 F) F) F) F) F) F) N LB) N LB) BRG 3 157 C (315 -9 C (15 -97 C (-142 358 C (676 329 C (624 71 C (160 6881 (1547 11240 (2527

0.335 l F) F) F) F) oF) OF) N LB) N LB) BRG 4 77 C (170 -42 C (JA -122 C (-188 239 258 C (462 C (497 -4 +C (25 6836 (1537 3242 (729

BRG AVG BALL AVG I.R. AVG O.R. MAX BALL MAX I.R. MAX O.R. AXIAL LOAD RADIAL LOAD TOTAL I.R. HEAT GENERATION TOTAL O.R. HEAT GENERATION MAXIMUM HERTZ STRESS INNER RACE OUTER RACE

52 C (126 -69 C (-92 -118 C (-191

-50 C (-59 F) -104 C (-156 OF) -109 C (-221 F) 40 C (104 37 C (99 49 C (.129 F) F) F)

C (265 F) -22 C (-8F) -103 C (.154 F) 299 C 263 C 59 C (570 (506 (139 OF) F) F)

31 C (88 -63 C (-82 -130 C (-203 174 *C (345 189 C (372 -37 C (-35 6574 (1478 3487 (784

F) F) F) F) F) oF) N LB) N LB)

193 C (380 F) 128 C (262 F) 17 C (62 F) 5996 (1348 10190 (2291 N LB) N LB)

5947 N /'1337 LB_I 4137 N (930 LB)

6174 N (1388 LB) 10448 (2349 N LB)

6120 N (1376 LB) 3919 N (881 LB)

6619 N (1468 LB) 10960 (2464 N LB)

4304 (4.08

WATTS BTU/SEC)

2965 WATTS (2.81 BTU/SEC)

5127 (4.86

WATTS

BTU/SEC)

3777 WATTS (3.58 BTU/SEC)

5665 WATTS (5.37 BTU/SEC)

4832 (4.58

WATTS BTU/SEC)

6056 WATTS (5.74 BTU/SEC)

5613 (5.32

WATTS

BTU/SEC)

3724 WATTS (3.53 BTU/SEC)

1466 (1.39

WATTS

BTU/SEC)

4347 WATTS (4.12 BTU/SEC)

1910 WATTS (1.81 BTU/SEC)

4758 WATTS (4.51 BTU/SEC)

2616 WATTS (2.48 BTU/SEC)

5064 WATTS (4.80 BTU/SEC)

3207 WATTS (3.04 BTU/SEC)

3246 (470740 2708 (392440

N/mn_ PSI) N/mn_ PSI -144.4 (-228.0

2717 (394130 2341 (339470 C F)

N/mn_ PSi) N/mm 2 PSI

3248 (470580 2704 (392180

Nlmm 2. PSI) N/mm 2 PSI) -143.9 (-227.0

2708 (392760 2333 (338420 C F)

N/mrn 2 PSi) N/ram 2 PSI)

3284 (476320 2733 (396410

N/mm 2 PSI) N/ram 2 PSI) -143.4 (.226.1

2718 (394220 2339 (3393OO C F)

N/mm 2 PSI)_ N/ram" PSI)

3310 (480010 2751 (398920

Nlmm 2 PSI)_ N/mm z PSI) -142.9 (-225.2

2724 (395020 2342 (339710 C F)

N/mm 2 PSI) N/mm 2 PSI)

BEARING #3 COOLANT EXIT ITEMPERATURE

2.1 KG/SEC (4.6 LB/SEC) COOLANT FLOW RATE BEARING #4 COOLANT INLET = -151 C (-240 F) AT 2.4 N/mm 2 BEARING #3 COOLANT EXIT AT 2.1 N/ram 2 (304 PSIA) OPERATED WITH DRY FRICTION 4670 N (1050 LB.) INITIAL CHILLED PRELOAO

(350

PSIA)

8803421DM1250

FIGURE

MSFC

BEARING

AND

SEAL

MATERIALS

TESTER

CONFIGURATION FIGURE 2 SSME LOX TUSOPUMP BEARING/SHAF'r CONFIGURATION

COOLANT

EXR'

t
fff'tEBLJRNE R PUMP END 45mm

MAIN ROTOf't

TURBINE -END

"

57mm

_ LOM) BE)

BEARINGS

',,0

FIGUFI[

4 FLOWCHART

Of

Ill{

MECIIANtCAI./IHEHMAL

MOOEL

CONTROL

PROGRAM

STAH_----" COtO ItMPS FO_ BEARINGS 3&4 i=1,1_ I=l,t

FIGURE FIGURE 5 ITERATION PROCESS BETWEEN SHABERTH AND SINDA FOR A CONVERGED
2_0

6 ITERATION

PROCESS

BETWEEN

SHABERTH

AND SINDA

FOR A DIVERGING SOLUTION

7OO

SOLUTION

0"
2_ 5_

SINDA

, el g: !@0 tl a

>=
2OO

@ $

100 ' 7C 560 570 580 590 600 610 400

, 600

, 800

lO00 1200 1400

O O

AVERAGE AVERAGE FRICTIONAL HEAT GENERATION (WAI_IBALL)

FRICTIONAL

HEAT

GENERATION

(WA'I-r/BALL)

RGURE

ILL

p:

, .....

r.....

:..

:PRINGMODEL

_oo_

/
, pRELOAD BOTfOMS SPRING 5650 (N)

BEAM 4_-"_

SPRING

FOR

@EARING

P RELOAI_NG

OCO0

OUTERCAGE N.__ INNER RACE

8000

SPACER

\
60OO ARRANGEMENT IN SET THE 45 mm

O O

FIGURE

PRELOAD PUMP

SPRING END

BEARING

J
J
4_ 2OOO .200 .... , 1 ..... 29_ 4C_

/
600 C_

/
SP_ SPPJNG OPTION CPTK_N ON OFF 8O0

BALL

TEMPER_,]

L,_E

(OE_

FIGURE 9 EFFECT OF INLET COOLANT CAPACITY ON BEARING #2 OUTER RACE/COOLANT DELTA T

EFFECT OF INLET COOLANT CAPACITY ON

FIGURE BEARING

10 #3 OUTER RACE/COOLANT DELTA T

Ioo \

7
_,

\\

8
o 80-

2451B

"--41---60i--'_ _ ]ESI 2493 60

T[SI?4g3

TEST2481

TEST 2471

TEST 2471

40'

--1

_-k4130f I WTT_t WORN BALL (LN2)

i
20

2461

---- :

MC_ELWII"H'_r._N BALL (LN2)

MCJ(_FLRESUtTS PHASIE I ([ N2) PHASE I (LN2)

,,=,
245tA 2441 [ 20 40 60 2431 Ill _ 100

o
o

_RESULTS PHASE II (LOX)

I 0 0 0

2451

_.

l,L 60 80 100

MtX_[

FESLILTS

PHASE tl (LOX)

80

20

40

COO(./_rT

CAPACITY

= (h MI

- h) (kJ/l_)

COOLANT

CAPACITY

= (h sat - It) (kJ41@)

RGURE 11 HPOTP BEARING #2 AVERAGE COMPONENT TEMPERATURES

4OO

\
FJ O

:.

'

r'q

0 o

o
-100 I 2 $ 4

LOX COOLANT

FLOW

RATE

(Kg/s)