LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

LTE radio network planning can be divided into three phases. They are shown in above figure, and consist of dimensioning, nominal planning and cell planning. According to the above figure, the output result of radio network dimensioning stage serves as the input condition of the nominal planning, and the nominal planning is based on the network dimensioning and also checks the network dimensioning result. The site quantity can be adjusted according to the nominal planning result in order to obtain the reasonable sites. If the existing sites are considered in the selection of theoretical sites during the nominal planning, the nominal planning result will be more practical, thus facilitating the cell planning.

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

Radio Network Dimensioning is a simplified analysis for radio network Dimensioning provides the first and most rapid evaluation of the network element number as well as the associated capacity of those elements. The target of dimensioning phase is to estimate the required site density and site configurations for the area of interest. Dimensioning activities include radio link budget and coverage analysis, capacity evaluation and final estimation of the amount of eNodeB hardware, cell average throughput and cell edge throughput.

Objective:

To obtain the network scale ( approximate eNodeB number and configuration) Select a proper propagation model, traffic model and subscriber distribution, and then estimate the eNodeB number, coverage radius, cell throughput, cell edge throughput and so on.

Method:

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

Wireless network dimensioning intends to obtain the approximate EUTRAN scale. Based on the network dimensioning, geography and traffic distribution, the network is pre-planned in detail by using planning software and digital map.

Based on the network dimensioning and site information, the initially selected LTE site is imported into the planning software, and coverage is estimated by parameters setting. Then an analysis is made to check whether the coverage of the system meet the requirements. If necessary, the height and tilt of the antenna and the eNodeB quantity are adjusted to optimize the coverage. And then the system capacity is analyzed to check whether it meets the requirement.

Plan implementation parameters, such as antenna type / azimuth / tilt / altitude / feeder type / length Plan cell parameters, such as tracking area planning, PCI planning, Neighbor relation planning, PRACH configuration planning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

We should consider other factors when we select the backup sites

Commercial factor: rent Radio propagation factor: situation / height / surrounding / Implementation factor: space / antenna installation / transmission / power supply

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

Generally, LTE has the same dimensioning procedure as the other wireless system In the coverage dimensioning, the link is estimated according to elements such as planned area, network capacity, and equipment performance in order to obtain the allowed maximum path loss. The maximum cell radius is obtained according to the radio propagation model and allowed maximum path loss. And then the site coverage area is calculated. Finally, the site quantity is calculated. Of course, the site quality is only for the ideal cell status, and some additional sites will be needed in actual terrain environment.

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

The main goal for coverage dimensioning is the estimation of the site coverage area, i.e. identify the number of sites for a given area. This is achieved using a link budget calculation which provides an estimate on the maximum allowed PL (Path Loss) in the downlink and uplink. Once the maximum Path Loss is identified it can be used to calculate cell range, cell area and site area.

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

1.03bug

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

EIRP, Equivalent Isotropic Radiated Power

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

The type of area will affect the pass loss during the link budget, including

Channel mode Indoor penetration loss Standard deviation of shadow fading margin Path loss factor

Morphologies determines the propagation model formula using in cell radius calculation, as well as other parameters such as eNodeB antenna height and penetration loss Channel model has effect on the demodulation threshold and lead to difference cell radius ETU: Extended Typical Urban model EVA: Extended Vehicular A model

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

EIRP, Equivalent Isotropic Radiated Power

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

In LTE system, OFDMA is used for resource allocation. For different BW, receiver sensitivity is different, so during the link budget, we should take the single RE as a uniform standard for calculation

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

The ratio of useful signal to noise, is the key parameter in Rx sensitivity calculation and the representation of equipment performances of features. MCS = code bits * code rate

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

Service rate is the transmission rate after Layer2 process but without adding CRC CRC=24 DL:

Every two RBs(1ms sub frame) include RE=1214168.If the control channel use 3 symbols, RE=312.If RS use 1 symbol, RE=112

UL:

Every two RBs(1ms sub frame) include RE=1214168.If the control channel use 2 symbols, RE=212.

MCS = code bits * code rate From service rate and protocol 36213 table 7.1.7.2.1-1,the different RB number and ITBS will be found. From protocol 36213 table 7.1.7.1-1, the IMCS will be found.

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

From service rate and protocol 36213 table 7.1.7.2.1-1,the different RB number and ITBS will be found. From protocol 36213 table 7.1.7.1-1, the IMCS will be found.

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

The IM is added to the link budget to compensate for the loading of the cell, i.e. the higher loading allowed, the larger is the interference margin specified.

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

Sometimes during the planning, coverage probability also has to be considered. And for high coverage probability, high shadow fading margin reserved. Normally, there are two types coverage probabilities: area coverage probability and edge coverage probability.

According to the standard deviation of the shadow fading and the requirements for the border coverage probability (determined by the operator), we can calculate the edge coverage probability by formula.

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

According to the standard deviation of the shadow fading and the requirements for the border coverage probability (determined by the operator), we can calculate the shadow fading margin by: Mf (dB value)= NORMSINV (Border coverage probability) x r where

NORMSINV () is the inverse function of the standard normal distribution accumulation function. The 75% border coverage probability is corresponding to 0.68.

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

SFBC: Space Frequency Block Coding MCW: Multiple Code Word

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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LTE Radio Network Coverage Dimensioning

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