315 - 03 Two-sample tests Name___________________________________

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question. Solve the problem. 1) In order to compare the means of two populations, independent random samples of 144 observations are selected from each population with the following results. Sample 1 x 1 = 7,123 s1 = 175 Sample 2 x 2 = 6,957 s2 = 225 1)

Use a 95% confidence interval to estimate the difference between the population means (1 - 2 ). Interpret the confidence interval. 2) Independent random samples selected from two normal populations produced the following sample means and standard deviations. Sample 1 n1 = 14 x 1 = 7.1 s1 = 2.3 Sample 2 n2 = 11 x 2 = 8.4 s2 = 2.9 2)

Find and interpret the 95% confidence interval for (1 - 2 ). MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. 3) In a controlled laboratory environment, a random sample of 10 adults and a random sample of 10 children were tested by a psychologist to determine the room temperature that each person finds most comfortable. The data are summarized below: 3)

Adults (1) Children (2)

Sample Mean 77.5 F 74.5F

Sample Variance 4.5 2.5

If the psychologist wished to test the hypothesis that children prefer warmer room temperatures than adults, which set of hypotheses would he use? A) H0 : (1 - 2 ) = 0 vs. H0 : (1 - 2 ) > 0 B) H0 : (1 - 2 ) = 3 vs. H0 : (1 - 2 ) 0 C) H0 : (1 - 2 ) = 0 vs. H0 : (1 - 2 ) = 0 D) H0 : (1 - 2 ) = 0 vs. H0 : (1 - 2 ) < 0

4) Consider the following set of salary data: Men (1) Women (2) 100 80 $12,850 $13,000 $345 $500

4)

Sample Size Mean Standard Deviation

To determine if women have a higher mean salary than men, we would test: A) H0 : 1 - 2 = 0 vs. Ha : 1 - 2 = 0 B) H0 : 1 - 2 = 0 vs. Ha : 1 - 2 0 C) H0 : 1 - 2 = 0 vs. Ha : 1 - 2 < 0 D) H0 : 1 - 2 = 0 vs. Ha : 1 - 2 > 0

SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question. 5) A paired difference experiment has 15 pairs of observations. What is the rejection region for testing Ha: d > 0? Use = .05. 6) A paired difference experiment produced the following results. nd = 40, x 1 = 18.4, x 2 = 19.7, d = -1.3, sd 2 = 5 Perform the appropriate test to determine whether there is sufficient evidence to conclude that 1 < 2 using = .10. 7) Construct a 90% confidence interval for (p 1 - p 2 ) when n1 = 400, n2 = 550, p 1 = .42, and p 2 = .63. 8) One indication of how strong the real estate market is performing is the proportion of properties that sell in less than 30 days after being listed. Of the condominiums in a Florida beach community that sold in the first six months of 2006, 75 of the 115 sampled had been on the market less than 30 days. For the first six months of 2007, 25 of the 85 sampled had been on the market less than 30 days. Test the hypothesis that the proportion of condominiums that sold within 30 days decreased from 2006 to 2007. Use = .01. 9) A government housing agency is comparing home ownership rates among several immigrant groups. In a sample of 235 families who emigrated to the U.S. from Eastern Europe five years ago, 165 now own homes. In a sample of 195 families who emigrated to the U.S. from Pacific islands five years ago, 125 now own homes. Write a 95% confidence interval for the difference in home ownership rates between the two groups. Based on the confidence interval, can you conclude that there is a significant difference in home ownership rates in the two groups of immigrants? 10) Independent random samples, each containing 1,000 observations were selected from two binomial populations. The samples from populations 1 and 2 produced 475 and 550 successes, respectively. Test H0 : (p 1 - p 2 ) = 0 against Ha : (p 1 - p 2 ) 0. Use = .01. 8)
^ ^

5)

6)

7)

9)

10)

11) A new type of band has been developed for children who have to wear braces. The new bands are designed to be more comfortable, look better, and provide more rapid progress in realigning teeth. An experiment was conducted to compare the mean wearing time necessary to correct a specific type of misalignment between the old braces and the new bands. One hundred children were randomly assigned, 50 to each group. A summary of the data is shown in the table. Old Braces x s 410 days 36 days New Bands 380 days 61 days

11)

How many patients would need to be sampled to estimate the difference in means to within 29 days with probability 99%? 12) An experiment has been conducted at a university to compare the mean number of study hours expended per week by student athletes with the mean number of hours expended by non athletes. A random sample of 55 athletes produced a mean equal to 20.6 hours studied per week and a standard deviation equal to 5.9 hours. A second random sample of 200 non athletes produced a mean equal to 23.5 hours per week and a standard deviation equal to 3.9 hours. How many students would need to be sampled in order to estimate the difference in means to within 2 hours with probability 95%? 12)

Answer Key Testname: 315-03 TWO-SAMPLE

1) (7,123 - 6,957) 1.96

175 2 225 2 + 166 46.56 144 144

2) The confidence interval is (-3.449, .849). There is no significant difference between the means. 3) D 4) C (-3.68, 1.08) 5) The rejection region is t > 1.761. -1.3 - 0 -.092. 6) The test statistic is z = 5 / 40

-3.67

The rejection region is z < -1.28. Since the test statistic does not fall in the rejection region, we have insufficient evidence to conclude that 1 < 2. .42(.58) .63(.37) + -.21 .053. 7) (.42 - .63) 1.645 400 550 8) p 1 .65 and p 2 = .29; The test statistic is z =
^ ^

(.65 - .29) - 0 5.43. .65(.35) .29(.71) + 115 85

The rejection region is z > 2.33. Since the test statistic falls in the rejection region, we reject the null hypothesis in favor of the alternative hypothesis that (p 1 - p 2 ) > 0. We conclude that the proportion of condominiums that sold within 30 days was greater in the first half of 2006 than in the first half of 2007. 9) p 1 .70 and p 2 = .64; The confidence interval is (.70 - .64) 1.96 .70(.30) .64(.36) .06 .089. + 235 195
^ ^

Since the confidence interval includes 0, we cannot conclude that there is a difference in home ownership rates. ^ ^ (.475 - .550) - 0 -3.36. 10) p 1 = .475 and p 2 = .550; The test statistic is z = .475(.525) .550(.45) + 1,000 1,000 The rejection region is z < 2.575 or z > 2.575. Since the test statistic falls in the rejection region, we reject the null hypothesis in favor of the alternative hypothesis that (p 1 - p 2 ) 0. z/2 2 11) To determine the sample size necessary, we use n1 = n2 = 2 2 + 1 2

(ME)2

Using = .01, /2 = .01/2 = .005. Thus z.005 = 2.575. n1 = n2 = (2.575) 2 (362 + 612 ) = 39.56 292

Round up to n1 = n2 = 40.

Answer Key Testname: 315-03 TWO-SAMPLE

z/2 2 12) To determine the sample size necessary, we use n1 = n2 =

2 2 + 1 2

(ME)2

Using confidence coefficient .95 = 1 - = 1 - .95 = .05. /2 = .05/2 = .025. Thus z.025 = 1.96. n1 = n2 = (1.96)2 (5.92 + 3.92 ) = 48.04 22

Round up to n1 = n2 = 49.