NAME: MONICA-ALINA LAZEA

DATE:

16th of May, 2008

LESSON: DISCOVERING

MUSIC

GRADE : 9TH GRADE

Jazz

is an American musical art form which originated around the beginning of the 20th century in

African American communities in the Southern United States from a confluence of African and European music traditions. The style's West African pedigree is evident in its use of blue notes, call-and-response, improvisation, and polyrhythms . Typical instruments: Saxophone Trumpet Trombone Clarinet Piano Guitar Double bass Drums Vocals The word jazz began as a West Coast slang term of uncertain derivation and was first used to refer to music in Chicago in about 1915; Jazz has, from its early 20th century inception, spawned a variety of subgenres, from New Orleans Dixieland dating from the early 1910s, big band-style swing from the 1930s and 1940s, bebop from the mid1940s, a variety of Latin-jazz fusions such as Afro-Cuban and Brazilian jazz from the 1950s and 1960s, jazz-rock fusion from the 1970s and later developments such as acid jazz. Subgenres: Cool jazz Smooth jazz Soul jazz Swing By 1808 the Atlantic slave trade had brought almost half a million Africans to the United States. The slaves largely came from West Africa and brought strong tribal musical traditions with them African music was largely functional, for work or ritual, and included work songs and field hollers. In the African tradition, they had a single-line melody and a call-and-response pattern, but without the European concept of harmony The music of New Orleans had a profound effect on the creation of early jazz. Many early jazz performers played in the brothels and bars of red-light district around Basin Street called "Storyville." The Jazz Age describes the period from 1918-1929, the years between the end of World War I and the start of the Roaring Twenties; ending with the rise of the Great Depression Louis Armstrong, known internationally as the "Ambassador of Jazz," was a much-imitated innovator of early jazz.
Perhaps one of the most representative literary works of the Jazz age is American writer F. Scott Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby (1925), which highlighted what some describe as the corruption of the post-WW1 age, as well as new attitudes, and the growth of individualism. In the early 1980s, a lighter commercial form of jazz fusion called pop fusion or "smooth jazz" became successful and garnered significant radio airplay, Sade is reprezentativ.

Billie Holiday April 7, 1915 July 17, 1959) was an American jazz singer and songwriter
Grammy Hall of Fame - Billie Holiday was posthumously inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame, which is a special Grammy award established in 1973 to honor recordings that are at least twenty-five years old, and that have "qualitative or historical significance."TITLES: 1939 "Strange Fruit" Jazz (single) 1941 "God Bless the Child" Jazz (single) The Grammy Award for Best Historical Album has been presented since 1979. the 2002- Lady Day: -The Complete Billie Holiday

Louis Armstrong (4 August 1901 July 6, 1971), was an American jazz trumpeter and singer, Armstrong was a charismatic, innovative performer whose improvised soloing was the main influence for
a fundamental change in jazz, shifting its focus from collective improvisation to the solo player and improvised soloing. One of the most famous jazz musicians of the 20th century, he was first known as a cornet player, then as a trumpet player, and toward the end of his career he was best known as a vocalist and became one of the most influential jazz singers. Armstrong had many hit records including "Stardust", "What a Wonderful World", "When The Saints Go Marching In", "Dream a Little Dream of Me", Armstrong recorded three albums with Ella Fitzgerald: Ella and Louis, Ella and Louis Again Ella Jane Fitzgerald (April 25, 1917 June 15, 1996), also known as "Lady Ella" and the "First Lady of Song", is considered one of the most influential jazz vocalists of the 20th Century. Over a recording career that lasted 57 years, she was the winner of 13 Grammy Awards, and was awarded the National Medal of Art by Ronald Reagan and the Presidential Medal of Freedom by George H. W. Bush. Fitzgerald's most famous collaborations were with the trumpeter Louis Armstrong, the guitarist Joe Pass, and the bandleaders Count Basie and Duke Ellington. albums with Armstrong, two albums of standards (1956's Ella and Louis and 1957's Ella and Louis Again),

Nat King Cole (March 17, 1919 February 15, 1965), was a popular American jazz singer-songwriter and pianist. Nat Cole and three other musicians formed the "King Cole Swingers" in Long Beach and played in a number of local bars before getting a gig on the Long Beach Pike for US$90 per week. Beginning in the late 1940s, Cole began recording and performing Nature Boy" (1948), "Mona Lisa" (1950), "Too Young" in 1951), and his signature tune "Unforgettable" (1951). Cole was inducted into both the Alabama Music Hall of Fame and the Alabama Jazz Hall of Fame. He was awarded the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award in 1990, and in 1997 was inducted into the Down Beat Jazz Hall of Fame. In 2007, he was inducted into the Hit Parade Hall of Fame.

NAME: MONICA-ALINA LAZEA

DATE:

16th of May, 2008

LESSON: DISCOVERING

MUSIC

GRADE : 9TH GRADE

Rock music is a form of popular music with a prominent vocal melody, accompanied by
guitar, drums, bass and Keyboards. Many styles of rock music also use keyboard instruments such as organ, piano, mellotron, and synthesizers. Rock music usually has a strong back beat, and often revolves around the guitar, either solid electric, hollow electric, or acoustic. Rock music has its roots in 1940s and 1950s rock and roll and rockabilly, which evolved from blues, country music and other influences. According to the All Music Guide, "In its purest form, Rock & Roll has three chords, a strong, insistent back beat, and a catchy melody. Early rock & roll drew from a variety of sources, primarily blues, R&B, and country, but also gospel, traditional pop, jazz, and folk. All of these influences combined in a simple, blues-based song structure that was fast, danceable, and catchy." Also in the 1970s, rock developed a number of subgenres, such as soft rock, heavy metal, hard rock, progressive rock, and punk rock. A group of musicians specializing in rock music is called a rock band or rock group. Many rock groups consist of a guitarist, lead singer, bass guitarist, and drummer. In mid-1962 The Rolling Stones started as one of a number of groups increasingly showing blues influence. Bob Dylan and Folk rock The folk scene was made up of folk music lovers who liked acoustic instruments, traditional songs, and blues music with a socially progressive message. The folk genre was pioneered by Bob Dylan came to the fore in this movement, and his hits with Blowin' in the Wind and Masters of War brought "protest songs" to a wider public. Progressive rock bands went beyond the established rock music formulas by experimenting with different instruments, song types, and musical forms. The Who popularized the rock opera. Some bands such as The Animals, Pink Floyd, The Moody Blues, and Deep Purple Hard rock and heavy metal A second wave of British and American rock bands became popular during the early 1970s the largest being Led Zeppelin. Bands such as, The Rolling Stones, Led Zeppelin, Deep Purple, Queen, Alice Cooper, Queen, AC/DC, Aerosmith, and Uriah Heep played highly amplified, guitar-driven hard rock Rock diversifies in the 1980s more extreme forms of rock music began to evolve; in the early eighties, the harsh and aggressive thrash metal attracted large underground audiences and a few bands, including Metallica and, went on for mainstream success. Pink Floyd are an English progressive rock band that initially earned recognition for their space rock music, and, as they evolved, for their progressive rock music. They are known for philosophical lyrics, sonic experimentation, innovative cover art, and elaborate live shows. One of rock music's most successful acts, the group have sold over 200 million albums worldwide including 74.5 million albums in the United States alone. The band recorded several albums, achieving worldwide success with The Dark Side of the Moon (1973), Wish You Were Here (1975), Animals (1977), and The Wall (1979). Official Pink Floyd members : 1. Syd Barrett rhythm guitar, lead vocals 2. Bob Klose lead guitar 3. Roger Waters bass, vocals 4.Rick Wright keyboards, vocals 5.Nick Mason drums, percussion at the beginning, now there are only 3 members : David Gilmour guitar, lead vocals, bass, Rick Wright keyboards, vocals and Nick Mason drums, percussion Deep Purple are an English hard rock band formed in Hertfordshire in 1968. Along with Led Zeppelin and Black Sabbath, they are considered to be among the pioneers of heavy metal and modern hard rock. The band has also incorporated pop and progressive rock elements. It was once listed by the Guinness Book of World Records as the world's loudest band, and it has sold over 100 million albums worldwide. Deep Purple was ranked #22 on VH1's Greatest Artists of Hard Rock program. Members: Ian Gillan, Steve Morse, Roger Glover, Don Airey, Ian Paice, they had also former members. The Rolling Stones are an English band whose music was initially based on rhythm and blues (R&B) and rock & roll. Formed in London and having their first success in the UK, they subsequently became popular in the US during the "British Invasion" in the early 1960s. The band formed is formed

NAME: MONICA-ALINA LAZEA

DATE:

16th of May, 2008

LESSON: DISCOVERING

MUSIC

GRADE : 9TH GRADE

by: Mick Jagger, Keith Richards, Charlie Watts, Ronnie Wood. The Rolling Stones have released 22 studio albums in the UK (24 in the US), eight concert albums (nine in the US) and numerous compilations; they have had 32 UK & US top-10 singles, 43 UK & US top 10- albums between 1964 and 2008, and have sold more than 200 million albums worldwide. 1971's Sticky Fingers began a string of eight consecutive studio albums at number one in the United States. In 1989 the Rolling Stones were inducted into the American Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, and in 2004 they were ranked number 4 in Rolling Stone magazine's 100 Greatest Artists of All Time. Queen are an English rock band formed in 1970 in London by guitarist Brian May, lead vocalist Freddie Mercury, and drummer Roger Taylor, with bass guitarist John Deacon joining the following year. Queen rose to prominence during the 1970s and are Britain's most successful band of the past three decades. The band is noted for their musical diversity, multi-layered arrangements, vocal harmonies and incorporation of audience participation into their live performances. Queen had moderate success in the early 1970s, with the albums Queen and Queen II, but it was with the release of Sheer Heart Attack in 1974 and A Night at the Opera the following year that the band gained international success. Following Mercury's death in 1991 and Deacon's retirement later in the decade. In 1984, Queen released the album The Works, which included the successful singles "Radio Ga Ga" and "I Want to Break Free". Despite these hit singles, the album failed to do well in the United States. "Radio Ga Ga" was the band's last original American Top Forty hit until 1989's "I Want It All". Later that year, Queen went on a sold-out tour (the band's largest) in support of A Kind of Magic. The Magic Tour's highlight was at Wembley Stadium in London and resulted in the live double album, Queen Live At Wembley Stadium, released on CD and as a live concert film. After working on various solo projects during 1988 (including Mercury's collaboration with Montserrat Caball, Barcelona) the band released The Miracle in 1989. Barcelona is an album recorded by Freddie Mercury, the front-man of the popular British rock band Queen, and operatic soprano Montserrat Caball. The album was recorded in 1987 and 1988, and released in 1988. Aerosmith is an American hard rock band, sometimes referred to as "The Bad Boys from Boston" and "America's Greatest Rock and Roll Band".Their unique style, rooted in blues-based hard rock, has also come to incorporate elements of pop, heavy metal, glam, and R&B, which has inspired legions of rock artists that came after them. Members: Steven Tyler, Joe Perry, Tom Hamilton, Brad Whitford, Joey Kramer. Aerosmith is the bestselling American hard rock band of all time, having sold 150 million albums worldwide, including 66.5 million albums in the United States alone. They also hold the record for the most gold and multi-platinum albums by an American group. The band has scored 21 Top 40 hits on the Billboard Hot 100, nine #1 Mainstream Rock hits, four Grammy Awards, and ten MTV Video Music Awards. They were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2001, and in 2005 they were ranked #57 in Rolling Stone magazine's 100 Greatest Artists of All Time. The band also released their only #1 single to date: "I Don't Want to Miss a Thing",[18] the love theme from the 1998 film Armageddon, in which Steven Tyler's daughter Liv starred. Aerosmith singles discography : 1993:"Cryin'", #12, 1998: "I Don't Want to Miss a Thing", #1, 1976: "Dream On", #6, 1988: "Angel", #3. Jon Bon Jovi born in ( March 2, 1962) in Sayreville, New Jersey, U.S. Genre(s) Hard rock, Glam metal is an American musician, songwriter and actor. As lead singer and founder of the rock band Bon Jovi, he has sold over 120 million albums worldwide. He is also the owner of an Arena Football League team, the Philadelphia Soul. Its most recognizable tunes were the hit singles "Bed of Roses", "Keep the Faith" and "In These Arms", which all hit the Top 40 in the U.S. In 1994, Bon Jovi released a "greatest hits" album titled Cross Road, which also contained two new tracks: the hit singles "Always"The song "Always" was originally written for a soundtrack to the film Romeo Is Bleeding, On November 14, 2006, Bon Jovi were inducted into the UK Music Hall of Fame alongside James Brown and Led Zeppelin, joining music legends such as The Beatles, The Rolling Stones, U2, Madonna and Elvis Presley. They will not be eligible for the U.S. equivalent until 2009. Solo albums Blaze of Glory 1990 Destination Anywhere 1997.

NAME: MONICA-ALINA LAZEA

DATE:

16th of May, 2008

LESSON: DISCOVERING

MUSIC

GRADE : 9TH GRADE

2005: World Music Awards: Received the Diamond Award for sales of 100+ million albums. 1989: American Music Award: Best Pop/Rock Band, Duo or Group; award shared with his band. 1990: Golden Globe: Best Song, Blaze of Glory (from Young Guns II soundtrack). is music charted by the number or sales, plays, etc., that the work receives. It is not a particulargenre or style of music, but simply that which is the most popular for the tracked period of time. Unless extremely popular in its own genre, it must to appeal to a wider audience to appear on the pop charts. In opposition to music that requires education or formation to appreciate, a defining characteristic of pop music is that anyone is able to enjoy it. Artistic concepts such as musical form and aesthetics are not a concern in the writing of pop songs, the primary objectives being audience enjoyment and commercial success. Typical instruments: Electric guitar, bass guitar, drum kit, keyboard, vocals. Subgenres : Baroque pop , Bastard pop , Bubblegum pop, Dance-pop, Disco pop, New pop, Noise pop , Power pop, Sophisti-pop, Space age pop, Sunshine pop Fusion genres :Country pop - Dream pop - Electropop/Technopop - House-pop - - Pop folk - Pop punk Pop rap - Pop rock . The standard format of pop music is the song, customarily less than five minutes in duration, and with an instrumentation that can range from an orchestra to a lone singerSome of the most common themes in pop music are romantic love and feelings. African American music broke into popular culture in a big way in this decadeProducers' involvement in the business reached new levels in 1965 when Raybert Productions set out to create a pop band from scratch, selecting the members by their looks, dancing ability and appeal to different personalities of fan, rather than musical prowess. The company controlled every aspect of the group, from choice of music to individual behaviours, and guided them to extraordinary success in music, television and cinema. This type of prefabricated band was termed manufactured pop and is the precursor of boy bands and girl groups. Pop music came of age in this decade, crowning its own King and Queen ( Michael Jackson and Madonna ) of the popular music, rock artists that left behind them histories with other styles and devoted themselves wholeheartedly to, or began whole careers in, rock music. Primary examples are "Rock with You" (1980), "Billie Jean", "Beat It" (both 1983), "Like a Virgin" (1984), "Papa Don't Preach" (1986), "Bad" (1987), "Dirty Diana" (1988) "Like a Prayer" (1989) and "Straight Up" (1989). The greatest hit by the original act was " I'm a Believer" (1967), followed shortly after by a number one from the second of these manufactured groups, "Sugar, Sugar" in 1969. The main influence in the second half of the decade came from disco, a dance-oriented style with soaring, reverberated vocals, a steady beat and prominent, "Disco Lady" "Night Fever" and "Stayin' Alive" (both 1978) "YMCA" (all 1979). Special mention must go to Sweden for ABBA who took over the Music world with songs like "Waterloo" (1974), "Fernando" (1976), "Take a Chance on Me" (1978), "Dancing Queen", "The Name Of The Game" and to Boney M for the hits "Daddy Cool" (1976), "Ma Baker" (1977) and "Rivers of Babylon" (1978). The return influences of pop were having a greater impact in this decade than ever before. GEORGE MICHAELS Hits in the US charts came from the UK, "Careless Whisper", "Wake Me Up Before You Go Go" (both 1984), "Faith" (1987 Contemporary R&B Contemporary R&B (also known as R&B, singing with a rhythmic beat, urban, Hip Pop R&B or Heavy R&B) is a music genre of American popular music, the current iteration of the genre that began in the 1940s as rhythm and blues music. Although the acronym "R&B" originates from its association with traditional rhythm and blues music, the term R&B is today most often used to define a style of African American music originating after the demise of disco in the 1980s. This newer style combines elements of soul, funk, dance, Contemporary R&B has a slick, electronic record production style, drum machine-backed rhythms, and a smooth, lush style of vocal arrangement

Pop music

NAME: MONICA-ALINA LAZEA

DATE:

16th of May, 2008

LESSON: DISCOVERING

MUSIC

GRADE : 9TH GRADE

With the transition from soul and disco to R&B in the early to mid 1980s, new stars such as Prince and Michael Jackson rose in popularity. Jackson's Thriller re-popularized black music with pop audiences after a post-disco backlash among United States mainstream audiences. Female R&B singers such as Whitney Houston and Janet Jackson became very popular during second half of the 1980s, and Tina Turner came back with a series of hits with crossover appeal. Also popular was New Edition, a group of teenagers who served as the prototype for later boy bands During the mid 1990s, Mariah Carey, girl groups TLC and SWV and Boyz II Men brought contemporary R&B to the mainstream. Boyz II Men and Mariah Carey recorded several Billboard Hot 100 number-one hits, including "One Sweet Day", a collaboration between both acts which became the longest-running number-one hit in Hot 100 history. In the late 1990s and early 2000s, the influence of R&B on dance could be heard in the work of several artists, such as Jennifer Lopez, *NSYNC and 98 Degrees. *NSYNC's lead singer, Justin Timberlake, released recordings with heavy influences from both R&B and dance/hip hop music. Other stars who performed heavily R&B-influenced pop music include Christina Aguilera, Rihanna, Fergie, Pink, and Nelly Furtado. Christina Mara Aguilera (born December 18, 1980, was born in Staten Island, New York) is an American pop singer-songwriter. Aguilera's third studio album Back to Basics (2006) included elements of soul, jazz, and blues music, and was released to positive critical reception. Aside from being known for her vocal ability and ever-changing image, musically, she includes themes of dealing with public scrutiny, her childhood, and female empowerment. [5] Aguilera's work has earned her numerous awards including five Grammy Awards amongst eighteen nominations. She has become one of the most successful recording artists of the decade, racking up sales of more than 37 million records worldwide. Her singles "Genie in a Bottle," "What a Girl Wants" and "Come on Over Baby (All I Want Is You)" topped the Billboard Hot 100 during 1999 and 2000. Aguilera won the "Best New Artist" award at the 2000 Grammys, and she was nominated for "Best Female Pop Vocal Performance" for "Genie in a Bottle." The follow-up singles did very well in different regions, "Hurt" in Europe and "Candyman" in the Pacific Beyonc Giselle Knowles (born September 4, 1981), commonly known as Beyonc , is an American R&B singer-songwriter, record producer, and actress. Born and raised in Houston, Texas, she enrolled in various performing arts schools, and was first exposed to singing and dancing competitions as a child. Knowles rose to fame in the late 1990s as the lead singer of R&B girl group Destiny's Child, the best-selling girl group of all time. The album became one of the most successful albums of that year, spawning the number-one singles "Crazy in Love" and "Baby Boy", and earned Knowles five Grammy Awards in a single night in 2004. She released her second album, B'Day in 2006, which spawned the UK number-one singles "Dj Vu" and "Beautiful Liar", as well as the worldwide hit, "Irreplaceable". Mariah Carey (born March 27, 1970) is an American pop and R&B singer-songwriter, record producer and actress. She made her recording debut in 1990 under the guidance of Columbia Records executive Tommy Mottola, and became the first recording artist to have her first five singles top the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart. Carey was named the best-selling female pop artist of the millennium at the 2000 World Music Awards. addition to her commercial accomplishments, Carey has earned five Grammy Awards, Carey won Grammys for Best New Artist, and Best Female Pop Vocal Performance for her debut single, "Vision of Love".Carey conceived Emotions, her second album. In late 1994, after her duet with Luther Vandross on a cover of Lionel Richie and Diana Ross's "Endless Love" became a hit, Carey released the holiday album Merry Christmas. It contained cover material and original compositions such as "All I Want for Christmas Is You", The song "When You Believe", a duet with Whitney Houston, was recorded for the soundtrack of The Prince of Egypt (1998) and won an Academy Award. #1's sold above expectationshe album earned Carey a Grammy Award for Best Contemporary R&B Album, and the single "We Belong Together" won Best Female R&B Vocal Performance and Best

NAME: MONICA-ALINA LAZEA

DATE:

16th of May, 2008

LESSON: DISCOVERING

MUSIC

GRADE : 9TH GRADE

R&B Song. "and "Shake It Off" made Carey the only solo female artist to occupy the Hot 100's top two positions simultaneously

is a music genre first developed in Jamaica in the late 1960s. While sometimes used in a broader sense to refer to most types of Jamaican music, the term reggae more properly denotes a particular music style that originated following on the development of ska and rocksteady. Reggae is based on a rhythm style characterized by regular chops on the off-beat, known as the skank. Reggae song lyrics deal with many subjects, including faith, love, relationships, poverty, injustice and other broad social issues. Cultural origins : Late 1960s Jamaica, especially Kingston Typical instruments: Bass - Drums - Guitar - Organ - Brass Fusion genres : Reggaeton, Bob Marley is said to have claimed that the word reggae came from a Spanish term for "the king's music. Eric Clapton's 1974 cover of the Bob Marley song "I Shot the Sheriff" is thought to signify reggae's acceptance as a global phenomenon by the "white rock world" The Grammy Awards introduced the "Best Reggae Album" category in 1985. Winners for subsequent years have included albums by Jimmy Cliff, Peter Tosh, Ziggy Marley (four times), Bunny Wailer (three times), Inner Circle, Shaggy, Sean Paul, and so on. By the mid 1970s, reggae was getting radio play in the UK on John Peel's radio show, and Peel continued to play much reggae during his career. What is called the first "Golden Age of Reggae" corresponds roughly to the heyday of roots reggae. Reggaeton ; Reggaeton is a form of dance music that first became popular with Latino youths in the early 1990s. is a form of urban music which became popular with Hispanic American youth during the early 1990s and spread over the course of 10 years to North American, European, Asian, and Australian audiences. Reggaeton blends Jamaican music influences of reggae and dancehall with those of Hispanic America, such as bomba, , salsa, , latin pop and as well as that of hip hop, R&B,. Reggaeton expanded and became known when other producers followed the steps of DJ Playero, like DJ Nelson and DJ Eric. In the early 90s albums like DJ Playero's Playero 37 (in which Daddy Yankee became known) and The Noise: Underground, Singers like, O.G. Black & Master Joe, Baby Rasta & Gringo, among others were very popular. Another important artist who contributed to reggaeton's increasing popularity, especially in Europe, is Don Omar, with singles like Pobre Diabla and Dale Don. Reggaeton and hip-hop are often remixed together, and reggaeton songs and live concerts may
feature hip-hop artists such as Lil Jon, 50 Cent, and Eminem. Hip-hop songs such as Usher's -Yeah and Snoop Dogg's- Drop It Like It's Hot have been remixed by replacing the original beat with a reggaeton beat. In other remixes, reggaeton DJs may rap out an English song in Spanish. In June 2007, Sparta Florida Music Group started legal action against Paris Hilton and Warner Chappell Music for plagiarism due to similarities between the song "Stars Are Blind" and the song "Kingston Town", originally by Lord Creator.

Reggae

Grammy Awards of 1996 : Shaggy for Boombastic Grammy Awards of 1994 : Inner Circle for Bad Boys Grammy Awards of 2004 : Sean Paul for Dutty Rock UB40 are a British reggae band formed in 1978 in Birmingham. Featuring the same line-up of 8 musicians from 1978-2008, the band placed more than 50 singles on the UK charts, and achieved considerable international success as well. Their #1 hits include "Red Red Wine" (#1 US/UK/Canada/NZ/Holland), "Can't Help Falling In Love With You" (#1 US/UK/Australia/Sweden/Holland), and "I Got You Babe" (#1 UK/Holland). Despite great success in the UK, UB40's popularity in the United States was only established after
they released Labour of Love, an album of cover songs, in 1983. The album reached No. 1 on the UK Albums

NAME: MONICA-ALINA LAZEA

DATE:

16th of May, 2008

LESSON: DISCOVERING

MUSIC

GRADE : 9TH GRADE

Chart and No. 8 on the Billboard Top 200 in the US. The album featured the song, "Red Red Wine", a cover version of a Neil Diamond song (in an arrangement similar to that of Tony Tribe's version).