Vidagdha Madhava ACT 1 May the pastimes of Sri Krsna reduce the miseries in the material world and

nullify all unwanted desires. The pastimes of the Lord are like shikarini. They overpower the pride of even the nectar produced on the moon, for they distribute the sweet fragrance of the concentrated loving affairs of Srimati Radharani and the gopis. May the Supreme Lord who is known as the son of Srimati Sachi devi be transcendentally situated in the innermost core of your heart. Resplendent with the radiance of molten gold, He has descended in the age of Kali by His causeless mercy to bestow what no incarnation has ever offered before, the most elevated mellow of devotional service, the mellow of conjugal love. Narrator: What is the need for such an elaborate introduction! Gentlemen! Please here me! Last night Lord Siva in the role of a devotee, spoke to me in a dream. He said, O Rupa Gosvami, O expert dramatist, this delightful place is near Kesi tirtha on the slope of Govardhana Hill. This grove, on the bank of the Yamuna river, is very pleasant and it is full of aromatic and beautiful flowers. At this moment, eager to see the forest of Vrndavana, the advanced devotees, expert at relishing the mellows of devotional service, have arrived here. The minds of these devotees is full of love for Sri Krsna, the son of Nanda. Krsna is the crown jewel of all youths and he is decorated with many fresh flowers. He is as playful as a maddened cuckoo and he is the original tutor of all flute masters. He is an ocean in which the sharks, which are the minds of the gopis, perform pastimes. The devotees who have now arrived are extremely fortunate. In this place the gopis searched for the Lord and in this grove by the Yamuna the festive rasa dance occurred. Constantly hearing of the pastimes of Krsna the Lord of Gokula, the advanced devotees, expert at relishing the mellows of devotional service, constantly cry and roll about on the ground. Thus they pass their days with great difficulty. Therefore at this very moment, agitated by separation from Mukunda, they are about to give up their lives. Please protect them by giving them a little of the nectarean river of Lord Mukundas pastimes. My mercy will fully empower you to do this. These were the words of Lord Siva, the spiritual master of the universe. I shall now obey his order. Even though the poetry in this play of mine may not be very beautiful, the learned devotees will take delight in it, because it is fragrant with the descriptions of Lord Hari. Just as an intelligent devotee, after bowing down, reverentially drinks the nectarean water which has bathed the salagrama sila, even though that water may have originally come from a well. Now, remembering

the worshipable Supreme Personality of Godhead, I will unfold the poetry of this wonderful drama. Sri Krsna, the eternal Supreme Personality of Godhead, stays within the centre of the great and splendid forest of Vrndavana, decorated with many groves and elegant pavilions. He is an unlimited ocean of mercy. He is very pleased to perform pastimes in Vraja, and he engages in amorous pastimes with the gopis. May He always delight me. When this play is performed, those unacquainted with the nectar of transcendental mellows will become indifferent, and those expert at relishing the mellows of devotional service will become delighted, just as the poetic cuckoos are greatly pleased by the same mango that was neglected by the prosaic camels. Springtime had arrived and the full moon of that season inspired the Supreme Lord, who is complete in everything, with new attraction to meet the beautiful Srimati Radharani at night to increase the beauty of their pastimes. Purnamasi: I am going to bring Srimati Radharani to Sri Krsna, the Supreme Personality of Godhead. O king of actors, have my words, which are like a bouquet of flowers, become a decoration for your ears? Have you heard me? Narrator: O, how is it that the celebrated Paurnamasi has arrived here! Just see! In the company of a friend, Nandimukhi, she has slowly left the house of Maharaja Nanda and is entering the street. She wears a reddish garment on her breast, and she is the white-haired wife of Sandipani Muni. She is the disciple of Narada and she appears as splendid as Savitri the wife of Brahma. Nandi: O mother, if you are going to bring about the meeting of Sri Krsna with Srimati Radharani, then why did Radharani leave the land of Gokula, which is so favourable for that meeting and secretly resided in the sacred village of Santanu-vasa? Purnamasi: Because of fear of cruel King Kamsa my child. Nandi: O mother, how did the king find out about Srimati Radharani? Purnamasi: Kamsa learned about Srimati Radharanis great beauty in this way; although the treasure of Radharanis transcendental qualities was carefully concealed, the knowledge of it was nevertheless spread far and wide. Those qualities are just like musk perfume, which, even if carefully hidden, clearly manifests its sweet aroma. Nandi: O mother, Yasodadevis nurse Mukhara, brought her granddaughter Radharani to Gokula, and arranged for her to accept the hand of Abhimanyu, the son of Jatila, in marriage. Never could a more unsuitable match have been made! Radharani cannot tolerate the touch of the hand of any man other than Krsna. O mother, how can you remain aloof when this is happening? Paurnamasi: Why should I be concerned? Nandi: How can you speak in this way?

Purnamasi: (laughing) This false marriage of Radharani is simply a trick that yogamaya has played to cheat Kamsa. Radharani and all the other gopis are Krsnas intimate lovers eternally. Nandi: And now that Radharani has returned to Gokula, you have become free of anxiety. Purnamasi: O child, what you say is true. I am no longer worried about Kamsa, although now I am beginning to worry about Abhimanyu. Nandi: Why are you worried? Purnamasi: Noticing that the black bumblebee of Krsna is fond of sporting amongst the creepers which are the gopis, Abhimanyu has become jealous and now he desires to take the golden lotus flower, which is Radharani to Mathura. Nandi: Now yogamaya will intercede. Purnamasi: O daughter, independent yogamaya appears to be standing aloof. Who can understand her activities? Nandi: Is there any other way to stop him? Purnamasi: O child, simply by speaking sweet and clever words I will stop this shallow Abhimanyu. Nandi: O respect mother: Govardhanamala is appointed by King Kamsa to watch over the activities of Gokula. Why does he not become angry at Krsna for performing pastimes with Candravali? Purnamasi: O daughter, Govardhanamala is very proud and he does not consider the royal order very important. Nandi: What happened on Candravalis first meeting with Kanha? Purnamasi: O daughter, when they first met they expressed intense love for each other, and further schemes on my part became at once superfluous. Nandi: O respected mother, how did you develop such great love for Krsna, and how, understanding that your worshipable Lord Krsna had taken birth, did you leave the city of Ujjayini, and arrive, for the first time in Gokula? Purnamasi: O daughter, this was possible by the wonderful instruction I received at the lotus feet of my spiritual master, Narada. Nandi: Does the greatly fortunate Sandipani Muni know that you are now staying in Gokula? Purnamasi: O yes, He has sent our son Madhumangala, to engage in service here. Nandi: You are very kind to Madhumangala. You have given him the friendship of Krsna, who is like the moon which enlivens the lotus eyes of Nanda Maharaja. Purnamasi: O daughter, Srimati Radharani is the be all and end all of my life. Please try to expand her love for Krsna. Nandi: O respected mother, Srimati Radharani already loves Kanha to the highest extent. Purnamasi: How do you know this?

Nandi: Because whenever in the course of an ordinary conversation she hears the name Krsna, she experiences the emotion of intense love and the hairs of her body stand upright in ecstasy. Purnamasi: O daughter this is very appropriate because I do not know how much nectar the 2 syllables Krish-na have produced. When the holy name of Krsna is chanted, it appears to dance within the mouth. We then desire many many mouths. When that name enters the holes of the ears, we desire many millions of ears. And when the holy name dances in the courtyard of the heart, it conquers the activities of the mind, and therefore all the senses become inert. Nandi: O respected mother, accompanied by Lalita, Visakha, Srimati Radharani worshipped the sungod. Candravali along with Saibya, Padma and other friends also worshipped goddess Parvati. I can only guess that it was by the mercy of these goddesses that these gopis attained such wonderful love for Kanha. Purnamasi: This is true. When the gopis of Vraja, whose eyebrows are very beautiful, went to the forest to collect paraphernalia for worship they met Krsna, and their love for him became awakened. Nandi: The spontaneous love of Srimati Radharani for Krsna inspired her friends, and created their good fortune. Purnamasi: O daughter, according to my instruction please ask the clever artist Visakha to draw a picture of the son of Nanda to delight the lotus eyes of her friend Srimati Radharani. Nandi: O mother, I will certainly carry out your order. Purnamasi: Then, on the pretect of carrying a gift of candies, I will enter the middle of Vrndavana forest. I will delight the 2 ears of Madhava with the sweetness of the 2 auspicious syllables; Radha. Nandi: O respected mother, just look at him. He is going from Gokula to Vrndavana accompanied by Balarama, Madhumangala, Sridama and other friends. He is caressed by his affectionate parents, Nanda and Yasoda. Purnamasi: The beauty of Krsnas eyes surpasses the beauty of white lotus flowers, his yellow garments surpass the brilliance of fresh decorations of kunkum...His ornaments of selected forest flowers surpass the hankering for the best garments, and his bodily beauty possesses mind-attracting splendour, greater than the jewels known as emeralds. Now you go to Visakha and I will go, carrying a gift of candies. (They exit). 18 Scene 2 (Krsna enters) Krsna: (looking ahead with great happiness): These beautiful cows are as white and splendid as crystal mountains. I think that the celestial river Ganges has descended from Indras city, taking the form of these cows. It has done this simply to delight and serve the auspicious Yamuna river, which is performing pastimes here in Vrndavana. Nanda: My dear son you have spoken very well. But now let us look at the opulence of the pasturing ground behind us. (He turns around)

From Govardhana Hill to Kaliya lake your pasturing ground appears very beautiful and opulent. You can see many tops of trees which have a multitude of branches, surrounding the large goshallas. And it all appears as large and expansive as the ocean. Krsna: My dear friend Madhumangala, my father and mother have followed me for a great distance. We should now enter the groves to grace the cows. Yasoda: My dear son, do not forget to return home this afternoon. The palatable lunch I will carefuly cook for you, will get cold if you delay. Madhumangala: O Yasoda, queen of Gokula, please listen....promise that I will take care of the cows so that there will be no fault on Krsnas part: (Krsna glances at him affectionately). Actually Krsna enters the groves because he is joyfully enchanted by the gopis who are eager to enjoy pastimes with him...(his speech remains unfinished) Krsna: (embarrassed) This careless fool will now describe my pastimes with the gopis. I must use my intelligence to stop him. (Shakes his head). Madhumangala: O friend, why do you check me as I speak to your pious mother? Krsna: (aside) Alas, because of this inconsiderate fellow, I have fallen into a network of embarrassment. Madhumangala: O mother Yasoda, he hastily enters the forest, in yellow garments in order to play with his friends the cowherd boys. Krsna: (joyful) What other intention could I have? Yasoda: My dear Madhumangala, to speak the truth, Lalita and the other gopis tell me that the cowherd boys greatly harass them. Nanda: My dear wife, is there some suitable young girl in Gokula whome we can marry this boy to? Yasoda: O pious husband, He is only a little boy, accustomes to drinking milk. Is this the proper time to marry him off? Madhumangala: (to Krsna aside) O friend, although you are only a small child accumstomed to drinking milk, thousands of young gopis eagerly drink the nectar of your lips. (Krsna smiles). Nanda: O child, O Mukunda, look at your mother. Gazing at the great beauty of your moon-like face, as aromatic as a lotus flower, her garments are constantly becoming moistened with a rain of joyful tears from her eyes and the shower of milk from her waterpot like breasts. (Nanda embraces Krsna). The great joyfulness of touching you brings a pleasant coolness to me. That coolness is more pleasant than the coolness of camphor, the moonlight, the cooling Nalada root, the lotus flower or sandalwood paste. Krsna: O father, the cows have become very hungry and they are standing here waiting for me. Please return home. Nanda: Let us do what Krsna says. (Affectionately looking at Krsna, Nanda and Yasoda exit). (Krsna looking ahead)

Balarama: O Sridama, look, look. My dear friend Sridama, see how this forest of Vrndavana is full of transcendental trees and creepers. The tops of the creepers are full of flowers and intoxicated bumblebees are buzzing aroung them. Humming songs that please the ear and even surpass the Vedic hymns. Krsna: O friend Madhumangala, staying here with you and the other cowherd boys, I will delight the birds, beasts, and other inhabitants of the Vrndavana forest with the sound of myflute. (Krsna places the flute to his lips). Balarama: (amazed) Look, the living entities and even the inanimate objects are acting contrarily to their inherant natures. When Lord Hari, who performs pastimes on thebank of the Yamuna river, plays the flute, the waters of the streams become stunned and solid. The rocks become softened and melt, and the mountains give up their immobility, tremble and move about. Madhumangala: O! How wonderful this is! The cows have drunk the sweet river of nectar which has emanated from the sound of Krsnas flute, and they are now stunned with intense happiness. They are sprinkling the fresh flowers and creepers with the great streams of milk trickling from their udders. (Madhumangala nudges Krsnas hand) My dear frined the flute, the son of a family of bamboos, why have you become so proud? It must be because you are producing such an intoxicating sound. You do not actually produce the sound, however, for you are only the instrument. Voice from the sky: The transcendental vibration of Krsnas flute blocked the movements of the clouds, struck the gandharvas full of wonder and agitated the meditation of great saintly persons like Sanak and Sanandana. It created wonder in Lord Brahma, wrought intense curiosity that agitated the mind of Bali Maharaja, who was otherwise firmly fixed, made Ananta, the carrier of the planets, whirl around, and penetrated the strong coverings of the universe. Thus the sound of the flute in the hands of Krsna created a wonderful situation. Balarama: (joyfully looking up says to himself) How is that the sage amongst the demigods, Narada Muni, stays within the clouds and recites the verses, playing upon his vina? (Another rumbling sound emanates from the clouds) Madhumangala: (looking upwards with fear) Help! Let us flee! Let us flee. Sridama: O crazy fellow, why are you speaking so foolishly? Madhumangala: (frightened looking upwards) O foolish cowherd boy, do you not see? A four-headed Yaksa or Rakshasha is coming towards us. He is riding on a swan and he is accompanied by a naked ghost, who holds onto a serpent. (Madhumangala looks again and trembles) A Danava whose body is covered with eyes is followed by a horde of demons, which I surmise will become the servant of the dead king

Kamsa. (Frightened, Madhumangala hides, placing his head behind Krsna). Krsna: (aside) How is it that these controllers of the directions have become attracted by the sweetness of the sound of the flute, and are now staying within the clouds? Madhumangala: (looking and sighing deeply) These wicked demons have become agitated and stunned with fear only because of the musical sound of my friends flute. It is for this reason that I remain alive. (He openly and proudly struts about) O wicked demons! Stand! Stand! By cursing you or by striking you with arrows from my bow, I shall crush your lowly heads! (Shaking a stick he jumps about for a moment). Balarama: (smiling) O friend, do not speak in this way. These 2 persons are Lord brahma and Lord Siva. On their left are Indra and the other leaders of the demigods. Madhumangala: Indeed this is so. (Sighs with relief) I who am full of knowledge cannot help but laugh at you cowherd boys. Thinking these demigods were Rakshashas, you became frightened and began to flee. Krsna: O Friend of the demigods, you have transferred your own faultiness onto them. Rama: Look, look! With his eight ears Lord Brahma is listening to the new flute music of Krsna. Brahma has lost all composure and is rolling in ecstasy on the back of his swan. (Again there is vina music in the sky) Krsnas mouth is like the moon and when that moon rises and emanates the nectar of the flute sound, the ocean which is Lord Siva overflows beyond its boundaries. Jus see, how, after hearing the transcendental sound of Krsnas flute, Indra, the king of heaven is crying in his heavenly kingdom. From his teardrops falling on the ground, Vrndavana appeared to have become a celestial residence for the demigods. Krsna: (aside) My mind shrinks from performing pastimes in the presence of these elderly persons. Let me go further on. (He goes under some trees). O friend, Madhumangala, just see the charming beauty of the forest in the springtime, My dear friend, this forest of Vrndavana is giving great pleasure to our senses in various ways. Somewhere bumblebees are singing in groups and in some places mild breezes are cooling the entire atmosphere. Somewhere the creepers and tree twigs are dancing, the malika flowers are expanding their fragrance, and the overabundance of juice is constantly flowing in showers from the pomegranate fruits. Madhumangala: How friend how can I delight in your forest of Vrndavana which simply fills me with fear? I become deighted when I see the 4 kinds of palatable foodstuffs cooked by mother Yasoda, the queen of Gokula. Those foodstuffs are certainly enchanting to the senses.

Krsna: O friend, you should offer obeisances to this forest of Vrndavana. In this forest there are ancient creepers, which can grant whatever you desire. Madhumangala: O dear friend, everyone says that you are very truthful. I will now experiment to see if this is actually so. (Madhumangala folds his hands) O creepers, I offer my respectful obeisances to you. My friend is very hungry. Please give him many sweet laddhu candies. (Carrying a plate of candies in her hand, Purnamasi enters) Purnamasi: O moon-faced Krsna, these candies are relished by the greatest epicures. Please take them. Rama: (smiling) O friend, just see the generosity of this ancient creeper! Purnamasi: O Balarama, the generosity of that elderly gopi is well known. Krsna: O pious woman, which elderly gopi do you mean? Purnamasi: O moon-faced boy, I am speaking about Mukhara-gopi... Krsna: What is her granddaughters name? Purnamasi: Her name is Radha and she is as delightful as moonlight. Krsna: (the hairs on his body stand upright, and he says to himself) From the conversation of Mother Yasoda and Mother Rohini, I have reapeated heard of the great beauty and transcendental qualities of this girl (He becomes embarrassed and trembles) Purnamasi: (aside) Seeing Krsnas embarrassment, Balarama has now gone away from Krsnas side. Krsna: (again he says to himself) I must conceal my lofe for Srimati Radharani, and these ecstatic symptoms. (Speaking openly) O pious gopi, you should prepare opulent decorations for a great festival on this pleasant day. Just see thse large and ancient creepers full of flowers. Purnamasi: (smiling) O clever Krsna, the opportunity for Your festival has now arrived. By the desire of the cowherd men, the beautiful gopis will all assemble in this place full of budding and blossoming flowers. Krsna: (with his head tilted, he smiles and glances at Purnamasi). O pious woman, what are you saying? Purnamasi: (laughing) O playful boy, dont be worried. I am not saying anything contrary to your wishes. However when the gopis leave their houses empty, your friends will easily steal their butter and yogurt. Krsna: O deceptive gopi, why are you laughing? Just look at this: When the gopis collect beautiful blossoming flowers, they break the twigs and branches in my forest of Vrndavana! It is your duty ot stop them! Purnamasi: O charming boy, when the gopis notice how you are so nicely decorated with bunches of flowers, they become delighted. In these circumstances how can I prevent them from picking flowers? (Or

they become agitated) by cupid. In these circumstances how can I restrain them?) Krsna: O elderly gopi, your hair is as white as crane feathers and you speak crooked words. Although the gopis are offenders, you continue to take sides with them. Purnamasi: O beautiful boy, how is it that Srimati Radharani and the gopis have become offenders? All they have done is stolen some flowers from your favourite punnaga tree. (Or all they have done is stolen the mind which is the property of you, the best of males). Krsna: (aside) O how is it that destiny has again brought me news of Srimati Radharani. This news enchants my mind. Madhumangala: (aside) How is it that Krsna has become so agitated by the sound of the name Radha. (Openly) O friend, do not become so agitated simply because of this. Krsna: (with loving anger) Fie on you talkative friend! What has agitated me? Madhumangala: Dont be angry. Im talking about these beautiful, mind-attracting (manohara) laddus. Krsna: O friend, I was confused. Some laddus are called manohara and others mauktika. Madhumangala: (laughs) O friend, I am not trying to bewilder you by making a pun on the name of the star Radha. How am I bewildering you? Purnamasi: (aside) As this boy teases Krsna,Krsna appears to have become embarrassed, because his heart is full of love for Radha. Thus all my desires have now become fulfilled. (Openly) O handsome boy, the star Radha moves in the sky. How can you attain her, even if you greatly desire - it, if you remain on this earthly planet? Krsna: (smiling he glances at the sky and afterwards approaches Balarama) O noble Balarama, it is now midday. Please take the cows to the shore of the Yamuna river and let them satisfy their thirst. Also take these delicious laddu candies and enjoy them. I wish to rest for a moment with my dear friends, Sridama and Subala. (Rama and the cowherd boy friends exit). Purnamasi: (aside) I must go and see if the picture of Krsna is completed. (Thus having greeted Sri Krsna she circumambulates him). Krsna: (takes one step and then pauses) O friend Sridama, have you ever seen this Radha, the most beautiful girl in the universe. (Sridama smiles with embarrassment and lowers his face) Subala: O friend, how can you ask if he has seen her before? Radha is his sister. Krsna: Let us go to this grove of kadamba trees near the bank of the river. My mind is greatly agitated by the thought of Radha. I will try to absorb it in the pastimes of playing the flute. (They exit).

Purnamasi: (walking about, she notices Radha and Lalita. Purnamasi becomes joygul) Why is my child Radha playing here, accompanied by her friend who is making her laugh? (She hides behind a creeper). The beauty of Srimati Radharanis eyes forcibly devours the beauty of the newly grown lotys flowers, an th beauty of her face surpasses that of an entire forest of fully blossomed lotuses. Her bodily lustre seems to place even gold in a painful situation. Thus the wonderful, unprecendented beauty of Srimati Radharani is awakening in Vrndavana. Purnamasi: For the present I will avoid joking with these two and instead I will go to Vishaka. (Purnamasi exits). (Followed by Lalita, Radha enters) Radha: O Lalita, what is the noble Purnamasi doing? Lalita: O friend, she is constructing an altar at the base of a tamal tree for the worship of Your sun-god. Radha: (looking ahead) I think this is the forest of Vrndavana, whose beauty you have described again and again. Lalita: O friend, this is the banyan tree where Kanha performs pastimes. Radha: (agitated, she says to herself) What sweetness is in these 2 syllables! (Openly) O frined, whom did you say? Lalita: (smiling) I said Kanha. Radha: (aside) O this name is very enchanting to the minds of beautiful young girls. I wonder what the owner of this name is like? (Concealing her emotions she speaks openly) O friend, I think I will go now and collect gunja berries in this grove. Lalita: (jokingly) O friend, your body is so beautiful that even a shadow of its beauty cannot be found anywhere in the universe. Although your eyes are eagerly moving to gather these gunja berries, do not enter this grove of creepers. In this place resides a demigod who performs pastimes in this grove. His beautiful complexion is as dark as black eye cosmetics. He easily casts a spell on beautiful young firls, and attracts them to become his lover. Radha: (somewhat frightened, she gives up her joking smile) O friend Lalita, you know that you are attracted by this demigod. Lalita: (Laughs) Why should he try to attract me? It is not I that he wants to attract, but you who are so dazzlingly beautiful. Radha: (She listens and becomes full of wonder. She says to herself) Amazing! What an enchanting sound! (She loses composure). Lalita: (Looking at Radha, she says to herself) She is like a tender young deer that has just fallen into the hunters net. Radha: (with great difficulty, she regains compure. She says to herself) I must find the person who has made this sound, which is like a river of nectar. Lalita: (approaches Radha) O Radha, please tell me what is happening within your pure mind?

Radhika: Why do you say this? Why do you think something extraordinary is happening? Lalita: O dear friend, please tell me why you have become so suddenly overwhelmed? Radhika: (embarrassed) I do not understand what sorts of sounds is now moving from this grove of kadamba trees and entering my ears, O friend, because of this sound, I have attained a situation which is greatly condemned for a chaste housewife. Lalita: Ah, it is the sound of the flute. Radhika: (agitated) What sort of Flute sound is this? This sound makes me tremble, even though it is without snow. It pierces me, even though it is not a weapon. This sound makes me burn, even though it is not at all hot. I understand the nature of this flute music! Let us not speak deceptively. Some charming mantra has been read by some clever magician. (Vishaka enters, carrying a picture in her hand). Vishaka: (Observes Radha and says to herself) She appears completely transformed. She may have been biten by the sound of Kanhas flute. I will ask her about it. O white-faced Radha, the tears from your lotus eyes are muddying the ground. Your breathing is causing your upper garments to dance, and the hairs of your body are standing on end. I think these ecstatic symptoms are being manifested because of the sweetness of the sound of Lord Madhavas flute, which has now entered your ears. Radhika: (not hearing Vishakas words, Radha trembles): O Lalita, I hear that sound again. Lalita: O delicate Radha, a sound is now gliding from the mouth of the flute on the shore of the Yamuna river. That sound is the Garuda which defeats the snakes of the gopis composure, and that sound is the Danvantari who cures the severe illness of the gopis shyness. That sound is the Agastya Muni who drinks the ocean of the pious gopis pride. Radhika: O friend, there is a greatly painful emotion in my heart. If it does not go away I will not be able to sleep. Vishaka: O Radha, in my hand I am holding the medicinal herb which will cure your disease. Please take it. Radhika: O Vishaka, let us go to this shady place full of blossoming lotus flowers, near the courtyard, and we shall look at this medicine of yours. (They exit). ACT 2 Nandimukhi: Purnamasi has ordered me in the folloing way: Nandimukhi, I have heard that my child Radha is feeling very ill. Please go to hear and learn about her situation. For this reason I am now about to go to Mukharas house. (She begins to go and then sees

Mukhara) How is it that Mukhara is now coming here? Why is she crying? Mukhara: Alas! Alas! I am ruined! I am very unfortunate! Nandi: O pious Mukhara, why are you crying? Mukhara: Because of Radhas suffering my child. Nandi: What is wrong with her? Mukhara: She speaks as if she has gone mad. She speaks incoherently saying, It is not proper for my garland to be blackened by these cruel bumble-bees! I am only a young girl. Why then do you joke with me? Immediately leave this courtyard. Lotus-eyed Radharani speaks in this way while awake, and again while she sleeps. In this way she passes day and night with great pain. Nandi: (aside) This sort of talking is not a symptom of madness. Rather is is the sign of Radhas good fortune to participate in Krsnas pastimes. Mukhara: I shall approach Purnamasi and describe thesituation to her. Please go to the grove of Vetasi trees and observe Radhas activities yourself. (They exit) (Served by her 2 friends Lalita and Vishaka, Radha enters). Radhika: (Agitated, she says to herself): O broken heart, simply by seeing this persons picture you have attained this, difficult to understand, state of intense love for him. Lalita and Vishaka: O Radha, you appear to be greatly agitated. Why do you not tell us the cause of your agitation? (Radha sighs and turns her head away) Vishaka: (Confronting Radha) O friend, why are these anxieties tearing apart your peace of mind and why are your reddish garments becoming so covered with perspiration? O Radha, you are as beautiful and fair as a yellow champak flower. Why has this trembling forcibly broken the steadiness of your body? Please tell us the truth about this. It is not auspicious to conceal this from your servants. Radhika: O merciless girl, why do you speak in this way? Look (at this picture) and remember. Vishaka: Even with great effort, I cannot remember! How can I have offended you. Radhika: O madwoman, it is you who has thrown me into this deep lake of burning fire. Vishaka: How have I done that? Radhika: (with malice and impatience) O crooked liar, you are the friend of the serpent in this picture! Stand! Do not move! (Radha loses self-control and continues) The person in this picture stepped out of the picture. He was as splendid as emeralds, decorated with a peacock feather, and very youthful. (Radhas voice becomes chokedup. Lalita and Vishaka look at each other with raised eyebrows). When he smiled and moved his eyebrows, my mind became deranged.

Alas the moon of my mind burned like fire and the fire of my appetite for food, became as cool as the moon. Lalita: Did this happen in a dream? Radhika: The person in this picture shone with a sort of dark moonlight. This moonlight excited intense emotion within my heart and I have become unable to perceive the distinction between day and night, wakefulness and dream. Vishaka: (intentinally) O Radha, this is only a momentary bewilderment of your mind. Radhika: (indignant) Untrusting gopi, stop this! Why do you try to cover up for your offense? Elaborately decorated with markings drawn in kumkum, this fickle and lust boy stood at the base of a kadamba tree. When I teasingly said, No! No! NO!, that mischievious boy smiled and forcibly touched me with his hand, which seemed like a petal (or leaf) which had grown from his creeper like arm. His complexion bore the lustre of a slightly opened lotus petal. I so eagerly desired that he touch me with his lotus hand that I became full of anxiety, and I could no longer understand where I was, who I was or what I was doing. (Agitated, she says to herself) O wicked heart, O monkey, are you not ashamed to love 3 persons simultaneously? You love Kanha and you also love this boy who played the flute, and now you love this dark complexioned youth (who appeared in this picture) O heart, when I destroy my body, I will also destroy you who are wretched and hopeless. Lalita: Alas, cupids friend, springtime, has now appeared, and spoiled this entire area. Where can we find refuge from him? Radhika: O friend, when the aromatic breeze from the malaya hills plays, and the playful cuckoos sing very melodiously, and when the buzzing bumblebees pierce my heart with their agitated flurry, I feel as if I were about to give up my life. All these are simply causing me great pain. Lalita and Vishaka: (crying tears) How have you become so overwhelmed by these terrible sufferings? We cannot guess what is your desire, now can we understand the difficult-to-attain condition of your heart. Radhika: (sighs) My dear friend, these palpitations of Radhas heart are extremely difficult to cure. Even if one applied some medical treatment, it would only end in defamation. I will now instruct you how I may be cured. If this creeper were wrapped about my neck as a noose, and I were hanged then you would certainly cure my disease of love. Lalita and Vishaka: (agitated) Do not speak in this terrible way! Do not take away the life of your friends! You will soon attain the goal of your desire. Radhika: O friends, you counsel in this way because you do not understand the wickedness of wounded Radhas heart.

Lalita and Vishaka: Our dear friend Radha has told us everything. Radhika: No. NO! Her great shame has prevented her from revealing everything. Lalita and Vishaka: Simply by seeing you, we can understand your intense love. What does your external embarrassment matter? Radhika: Since I have heard of a person called Krsna. I have practically lost my good sense. Then, there is another person who plays his flute in such way that after I hear the vibration, intense madness arises in my heart. And again there is still another person to whom my mind becomes attached when I see his beautiful lightening effulgence in his picture. Therefore I think that I am greatly condemned, for I have become simultaneously attached to 3 persons. It would be better for me to die because of this. Lalita and Vishaka: (joyfully) How is it possible for you and the other beautiful girls of Gokula, who are all like you, to reject the son of Nanda, the prince of Gokula, and fall in love with some other person? Please hear this, the 3 persons you love are all the same person. They are that very clever Kanha. Radhika: (breathes a sigh of relief and says to herself) O heart, be comforted. How you ardently desire to attain the person (Sri Krsna) who resides within the hearts of all living beings. Lalita and Vishaka: O beautiful Radha, even though a champak creeper may annoint the entire atmosphere with waves of sweet fragrance, that creeper was born in vain, if the bumblebee who is Lord Madhusudana does not drink honey (in its flowers or) joyfully perform pastimes there. Nandi: How has Radha come here? (Approaches Radha) All glories to you, my dear friend. All glories to you. Radhika: (concealing her emotions) O friend, I hope you are well. Nandi: O beautiful and foolish friend, you are not very intelligent. Although you are only a young girl, this great agitation within your heart has certainly been caused by the cupid of Vrndavana. Lalita: O unnecessarily suspicious gopi, you can see that Radha is trembling and the hairs of her body are standing upright because she feels the chill of the cool southern breeze. Why do you make this terrible accusation? Nandi: (smiles) O unperceptive gopi, do not criticise the southern wind in this way! If the breeze is the cause of Radhas trembling, tell me then why we gopis do not also tremble with the hairs of our bodies standing upright. Radha, who is very beautiful, is trembling because of the sidelong glance of the emperor of all handsome young men. His sidelong glance, which is more enchanting than millions of cupids, is constantly performing pastimes within her heart. Therefore please speak the truth. Was th bliss of Gokula, Sri Krsna, seen by her in this way? Vishaka: Yes, it is true.

Nandi: O Radha, you have only recently grown past childhood and you are the object of your relatives affection. Playfully moving within the house, you delight your husband. It is therefore amazing that you have become intoxicated by the enchanting qualities of the lover of the wives of the cowherd men. I shall now go so that I may quickly bring noble Purnamasi. (She exits). Radhika: (she reflects for a moment) How isit that we chaste young gopis are about to quickly and immodestly transgress the auspicious rules of pious conduct? (She continues her speech full of longing) Krsna is expert at the art of glancing from the corners of his eyes, and he is the king of the handsome cowherd men and charming gopis of Gokula. How is it possible for him to neglect us? Purnamasi: O Mukhara, why do you think Radha is suffering from a severe illness? Mukhara: O noble gopi, please listen. Upon seeing peacock feathers in front of her, this girl suddenly begins trembling. When she sees sometimes a necklace of gunja she sheds tears and cries loudly. I do not know what kind of new ecstatic influence has entered the heart of this poor girl. It has imbued her with the dancing attitude of a player creating wonderful, unprecedented dances on a stage. Purnamasi: (aside) This is the extreme passion of new love, which is very great and intense. (Openly) O Mukhara, I understand the nature of this disease. Kamsa and others, who are rulers of dynasties of demons, are searching for Radha. For this reason she has become obsessed in this way. Mukhara: O noble gopi, what is the remedy? Purnamasi: The remedy is a glimpse of the demons enemy, (Krsna). Mukhara: O noble gopi, this will certainly not please the crooked Jatila. Purnamasi: O Mukhara, I shall tell her, O Jatila, do not be afraid. I will by my mystic power, bring a representation who is just like Krsna. (Mukhara offers her obeisances and leaves). Purnamasi: (approaches Radha) O child, now my desires are fulfilled and I am greatly happy. (Concealing her emotions Radha offers obeisances). Purnamasi: (aside) Lotus-eyed Radha has become embarrassed and she is endeavouring somehow or other to conceal the great emotional upheaval raging within her. This upheaval is caused by the untamed fresh sweetness of the pleasure of the intoxication of Krsna, who is like the young king of the elephants and who performs pastimes on the bank of the Yamuna river. That sweetness now victoriously sports in the grove of Radhas heart. (She whispers to Nandimukhi) O Nandi, Radhas heart is agitated with great intense waves of love, and it is not possible to describe her activities. You should know that this is a manifestation of the wonderful, great and difficult to understand power, of the great hero of conjugal love. Just see how wonderful it is! Great sages meditate upon Him after being relieved from all material

transactions, and with great difficulty they situate Him within their hearts. In contrast, this young girl is trying to withdraw her mind from Krsna so that she can apply it to material activities of sensegratification. What a regrettable thing it is that this girl is trying to drive away from her heart, the same Krsna who is sought after by great sages through severe austerities and perseverance. Nandi: O noble gopi, I am bewildered. I cannot understand this kind of love. Purnamasi: O child, you have spoken the truth. These symptoms of intense love are very difficult to attain. Listen. My dear beautiful friend, if one develops love for the son of Maharaja Nanda, all the bitter and sweet influences of this love will manifest in ones heart. Such love acts in 2 ways. The poisoness effects of that love defeats the severe and fresh poison of the serpent. Yet there is simultaneously transcendental bliss which pours down and defeats the poisoness effects of the snake, as well as the happiness derived from pouring nectar on ones head. It is perceived as doubly effective simultaneously poisonous and nectarean. Let us go to Radha and observe her ecstatic love. (The approach her) O child, we would like to ask some questions of you. O Radha, your self-control, affectionate dealings and pious deeds are famous in the town of Gokula, and you also have taken birth in a properous and pious family. Yet you have decided to become cruel to your friends. Why are you not ashamed to do this? (Radha becomes discouraged and alarmed. Embarrassed she approachs Lalita). Lalita: O noble gopi, Radha should explain her position to us. I became very perplexed when you spoke the following description of your offense. You said, O noble and saintly gopi, I take an oath upon your feet, that I have not committed any offense. Even though I struck him with the blue lotus flowers and leaves which decorated my ears, this dark complexioned rascal would not give up the pleasure of embracing my body. Purnamasi: (She glances at Radha with apparent malice) O beautiful bewildered girl, why do you not stop these arrogant attacks from Krsna. Radhika: (with anger) My dear mother, what can I say to you? Krsna is so cruel that he often attacks me on the street, and if I want to cry out loudly, this boy with a peacock feather on his head immediately covers my face so that I cannot cry. And if I want to go away from the scene because I am afriad of him, he will immediately spread his arms to bolck my path. If I pitiously fall down at his feet, then this enemy of the Madhu demon, in an angry mood, bites my lips! Mother, just try to understand my situation and dont be unnecessarily angry with me. Please tell me how I can save myself from these terrible attacks of Krsnas.

Purnamasi: (aside) Radhas tree of love (for Krsna) is no longer shaking at the root. (It has become very firm) O Radha, why are you so eager to engage in pastimes with this person you have seen in a picture. Why do you hope to become happy in this way? Why do you want to see this contrary person, Krsna? The burning fire of these bitter pastimes is desroying you, just as snow destroys a lotus flower. Radha: (She recognises Krsna approaching and says to herself) O auspicious person, because of having faith in the words of your friends, we have seen your divinely youthful form, marked with signs of your pastimes. How can we understand you with our simply minds? Please cool down our eyes; we who are now feeling the intense heat of a volcanic fire (due to this vision). Purnamasi: (glancing at Radha with affection) O child, please enter for a moment in this solitary place full of flowers. Write a letter to him (Krsna) and your 2 friends will carry it to him. (Accompanied by Lalita and Vishaka, Radha exits). Purnamasi: (beginning to walk) O Nandimukhi, the loud sounds of the herd of transcendental surabhi cows is now filling the sky. Krsna must not be far from here. I think I shall now go to take my bath. (The exit) (Krsna enters) Krsna: (with anxiety) Radha is as splendid as lightening and a source of wonder to the eyes. Ever since the time when I first accidentally saw her, my mind has become trapped in an unending circle of anxious thoughts. It has become indifferent to all othe rsources of happiness, as if it had become a yogi. I asked my friend to bring the pleasant, garland of flowers. Why does he delay? (Carrying a garland in his hands, Madhumangala enters). Madhumangala: Why has my friend become so troubled in mind? Oh well, when the occasion arrives I shall understand the reason. Krsna trembles when he sees a golden coloured champak flower. I think that golden-complexioned Radha, decorated with splendid fresh kumkum, has become the tilak decoration drawn on the writing paper of Krsnas mind. (Madhumangala approaches Krsna and offers him the garland). Please take this. Krsna: (as if he had not heard) She has the lustre of an unblossomed ketaki flower growing on a golden mountain. She is as splendid as a lightening bolt. Will that lightening bolt ever decorate my chest, as smooth as a multitude of clouds? Madhumangala: (aside) Now I understand. (Openly, with a loud voice) O dear friend, why do you not see that I am crying in your presence? Krsna: (concealing his emotions) O friend, I did not see you, because I was entranced by the beauty of this champak creeper. Madhumangala: You speak the truth. You were actually looking at this winding champak creeper. Krsna: O friend, it is not possible to trace out where this creeper goes, by its own will.

Madhumangala: O friend, please stop this cunning evasiveness for a moment. Speak plainly. Why has your heart become so despondent and empty? Krsna: (smiles) O friend, it is because I did not have my garland. Madhumangala: You should say kala (girl) and not mala (garland). Krsna: This is a false suspicion. Madhumangala: You do not understand that the peacock feather has fallen from your head, and before your eyes the garland has fallen from your neck. O young elephant who performs pastimes in the groves of Vrndavana, these events are caused by the great prowess of the bumble bees which are the eyes of Radha. Krsna: (aside) How is it that this rascal understands everything? I cannot fool him. (Openly) O friend, what you say is true. Just as the full moon in the month of Jyaistha violently agitates the water of the Ganges River, in the same way, Radha has completely changed the situation of my mind. Madhumangala: This girl is now standing before your eyes. Krsna: Indeed it is true. She has come here because of Subala. (He becomes eager and anxious) With the moving creepers of her eyebrows, and with her sidelong glances moving in all directions, Radha appears to be instructing the deer in the art of gracefulness. Her lips are as beautiful as bimba fruits and when cupid sees her, he becomes terribly angry and prepares to shoot me with an arrow from his incomparable bow of flowers. Madhumangala: Perhapds you have seen each other before? Krsna: No! No! O friend, alas! Whenever the cooling and splendid moon of her face begins to rise on the path of my eyes, my mother, uttering a million criticisms, persistently leads me home for supper. Madhumangala: O friend, there are many beautiful gopis. Why do you love only Radha with such fervour? Krsna: O friend, an extraordinary sweetness resides within Radha. My dear friend, I speak truthfully, since seeing the beautiful, splendid face of Radha and her charming eyes, when I remember the moon or the lotus flower, my lips curl in distaste Madhumangala: When I first saw you I surmised that you had fallen in love. What is this extreme beauty that you speak of? Krsna: You speak truthfully friend. If you study Radha with your own mind you will begin to perceive something of her unlimited glory. Lalita: (off-stage) O dear friend, now you may see Krsna, the prince of the cowherd men. Krsna: O friend, a young girl is speaking nearby. Let us be silent. (Lalita and Vishaka enter). Lalita: Just see by good fortune, we have met Krsna. Let us go to him. (They approach him) O bliss of Gokula, all glories to you! Krsna: O friend Lalita, I think that you have come to the middle of Vrndavana forest to collect beautiful flower petals. (Aside) O heart be

encouraged, I think this flower petal has grown from the seed of your desire. Madhumangala: O Lalita, what is the use of this leaf, simply full of letters. You should rather give us a leaf with sugar candy on it! Krsna: O friend, please read the letter. This letter may be a drinking vessel full of nectar for our ears. Madhumangala: O friend, indeed we have seen the generosity of your cowherds but today we were fed with the 4 kinds of foodstuffs by the wives of the yajnik brahmanas and so I offer my respectful obeisances to our brahmana community. (Thus he reads the letter). Radhas letter: O dearly beautiful, the artistic loveliness of your picture is now impressed within my mind. Since yor are now living within my mind, wherever I wish to run, because I am agitated by impressions of you, I find that you, O my friend, are blocking my path. Krsna: O friend, this verse is very difficult to understand. Please read it again. (He reads it again. Krsna becomes blissful and says to himself) Pious girls are generally very afraid to transgress the rules of morality. Because this girl neglects those rules, I can understand that her love is very great. (Krsna becomes excited and openly says) O Look, look! Accompanied by all my affectionate friends, I wander on the edge of the forest tending the cows. In this way I have become averse to hearing any news about women. These unchaste girls should not be allowed to freely pollute the men of this community. I shall quickly go and complain to the elderly cowherd men. (With feigned indignation Krsna struts about quickly). Madhumangala (concealing a smile) O crest jewel of the brahmacaris, pause for a moment and defeat these foul-mouthed gopis with an expert reply. Cause them to flee with your words. I myself shall go to Yasoda, the queen of Gokula, to describe all the activities of these impudent gopis. (Madhumangala touches Krsnas hand for a moment). (Amazed and bewildered, Lalita and Vishaka exchange glances) Krsna: O friend Vishaka, from the looks in both of your eyes, it seems as if you will block my path wherever I go, therefore I will attend to it; although I think it must be some other young boy who has agitated the heart of your Radha. Vishaka: O lotus-eyed Krsna, who else performs such enchanting pastimes in Vrajamandala as you, and who else is able to violently agitate the lofty mountains which are the hearts of the pious gopis? Who else could have lifted Govardhana Hill with a tiny fragment of his unfathomable strength? For these reasons we think that only you are described in this letter. Madhumangala: O talkative, girl, stop! Please stop! I myself saw how the cowherd men, with their upraised sticks, held up Govardhana Hill. Why do you praise our dear friend Krsna in this way? He did not hold up the hill.

Krsna: O Lalita, enough of this topic of conversation. Speak no more. Lalita: O beautiful Krsna, you delight all the inhabitants of Gokula. Why is only this one gopi experiencing distress on your account? Madhumangala: O bewildered girl, Krsna is just an intimate relative to us, and he is very learned in all the scriptures. How is it possible for him to transgress the rules of morality in this way? Therefore all your crying in this forest is useless. Vishaka: (aside) This garland of gunja was worn by Radha. I shall now give it to Krsna. By observing his response I will be able to understand his actual feelings towards Radha. (Openly) This red and black garland of gunja is very excellently beautiful. May it hang upon your neck? Alternate translation (Radha is very beautiful and she is invested with all transcendental qualities. Her heart is always full of feelings of intense love for you, and her mouth is always engaged in chanting your name. May she become the garland of gunja which decorates your neck?) (She places the garland upon his neck). Krsna: (smiling, with feigned anger) Although these gunja berries are very red, hard and nicely rounded, they are very crooked and appear to be unripe. I have no wish to accept a garland made of these inferior berries. Alternate translation (This garland is am ambiguous message of love from some young girl. Although great love is intended, it appears very harsh to me, and although it is very cleverly presented, it is very crooked. I have no desire to accept this garland). (In a bewildered state Krsna removes the garland and returns it.) Vishaka: (aside) Krsnas bewildered condition is a sign of our good fortune. (She covers the garland with a cloth) Lalita: By our good fortune, we have seen the amazing and unflinching vow of brahmacarya of Krsna, the lover of millions of gopis. We should now approach Radha and stop her from doing anything further, for she has fallen in love with a most unsuitable boy. Vishaka: O friend, your counsel is very appropriate. Lalita: O Vishaka, please go to our dear friend radha. Give her this garland and console her. I myself shall go to Purnamasi and inform her of the situation. (They exit). Madhumangala: O friend, even though you yourself desire her, why do you cause to agitate the mind of this girl? Indeed, it appears that this will be a staircase extending up the mountain of regret. Krsna: O friend, you speak truthfully. I recklessly laughed at this girl. Madhmangala: Look, the 2 gopis have gone out of our sight. Krsna: Upon hearing of my cruely, moon-faced Radha may establish some kind of tolerance in her aggrieve heart. But then she might turn against me. Or, indeed, being fearful of the lusty desires invoked by the bow of formidable Cupid, she might even give up her life. Alas! I have foolishly uprooted the soft creeper of her desire just when it was ready to bear fruit. Madhumangala: What should we do to counteract this situation?

Krsna: O friend, I do not see any alternative but to write a reply to Radhas love letter. Madhumangala: What sort of ink should we use to write this letter? Krsna: A letter written in the red fluid of roses would certainly enchant a young girls mind. Madhumangala: Praskanda tirtha, nearby is decorated with a great forest of roses. Let us go there. (The exit). Radha: (unhappy) Desiring the happiness of his association and embraces, my dear friend, I have disregarded even my superiors and relaxed my shyness and gravity before them. Furthermore, although you are my best friend, more dear to me than life, I have given you so much trouble. Indeed, I even put aside the vow of dedication to my husband, a vow kept by most elevated women. Oh alas! Although he is now neglecting me, I am so sinful that I am still living. Therefore I must condemn my so called patience. Vishaka: (respectfully) O friend, please do not lament, do not lament. (She places the garland to Radhas nose). Radhika: (regaining consciousness) This garland is certainly very wonderful. At one moment it causes me to faint, and now that very same garland is reviving my consciousness. This garland is the topmost ointment for the limbs. O friend, Sri Krsna is the very jewel of all attraction. The name of this flute-player is the mantra which subjugates and brings under control, those who constantly hear it. This rejected garland of his is the great medicinal herb for the heart which cures our fainting condition. Who would not praise the great and inconceivable power of these 3 things. Radhika: (aside) Because Krsna, who possesses such wonderful transcendental qualities has neglected this body of mine, this body may as well be dead. How is it that I shamelessly continue to maintain this body? I shall now remedy the situation. Radha: (aside) I shall enter the waters of the Kaliya lake and drown myself. (Openly) O Vishaka, please inform my superiors that I desire to worship the sun-god, and have gone to the holy placed named Dvadasaditya tirtha, for that purpose. Vishaka: O dear friend, you must remember that the noble gopi Jatila has instructed me to remain with my dear friend at the present time. Therefore let us both go. Radhika: (perplexed) Although Munkunda neglects me, the hostile and unfulfillable hope to attain him, burns nevertheless. O friend, I shall take shelter of the deep waters of the Yamuna river, the sister of the Lord of death, to extinguish that fire. Vishaka: Just look at the auspicious signs appearing in our path. For this reason please do not speak in this way. Radhika: (looking ahead) Why has the sun set so unexpectedly?

Vishaka: This is not the sunset but the splendid, blossoming roses of Praskanda-tirtha, which are very dear to the sun-god. Let us gather these roses to make rose-scented water. (Krsna and Madhumangala enter) Krsna: O friend, these roses are thieves who have stolen away this beauty from Radhas lips. Madhumangala: Presee the huice from these roses and write a reply to Radhas love letter. Krsna: (Trembling at amazement) This is not Ilavrta-varsa, near mount Sumeru, the golden mountain of the demigods. Why then do I see this golden effulgence in all directions? Ah yes, by hearing the tinkling sound of jewelled ankle-bells, I can understand that the demigoddess who rules over beauty has now entered the forest of Vrndavana to perform pastimes. Madhumangala: Ah, the deer has now placed her foot in the trap she was seeking. Krsna: (blissful) O friend, you have nicely understood. Let us hide behind this tree and hear what they say. (They hide behind a tree). Radhika (Crying tears, she rests her hand on Vishakas shoulder) Now this person may only be remembered when we talk of him. Vishaka: (also crying tears) O friend, everyone says that you are grave, patient and full of all good qualities. How is it that you have become so agitated. Radhika: O friend, because of this rascal, I have lost all of my good qualities. His chest is like a dam that is very competent to check the current of the river of my patience. His face is like the moon which has become dedicated to cause the forest of lotus flowers, which are my pious activities to wither away. His two arms are the pillars used in the sacrificial ceremony to exorcise my perpetual shyness. Alas, o friend, the snake which is the movements of his eyes, is swallowing everything. Krsna: (to himself) O beloved, Madhava has also become stunned by your charming beauty, and he has also lost all his good qualities. Radhika: (folds her hands and look at the sky) O Krsna, O killer of Putana, I was engaged in my own childish activities at home, and because of my childish innocence I did not know right from wrong. Therefore is it good for you to have forced us into being so much attracted to you and then to have neglected us? Now you are indifferent to us. Do you think that this is right? Krsna: (to himself) O beloved, if one desires to continue living, will he ignore the creeper bearing medicinal herbs to maintain his life? Radhika: (sighs) O friend, please wear my favourite necklace. (She removes the necklace from her neck). Vishaka: (checks her by force) Stop. Why do you burn me in this way? Please wait for Lalita. I will weep profusely.

Radhika: My dear friend, if Krsna is unkind to me, there will be no need for you to cry, for it will not be due to any fault of yours. I shall then have to die, but afterwards please do one thing for me. To observe my funeral ceremony, place my body with its arms embracing a tamal tree, like creepers so that I may remain forever in Vrndavana undisturbed. This is my last request. Krsna: (crying tears) O friend, see how great her love is. Radhika: (aside) I am agitated with intense longing. (Openly) When my worship of the sun-god is completed, there is one more thing that I want to request. After I have died, please gather as many flowers as the number of times I have bathed at this holy place. (She takes 2 or 3 steps in the direction of the tirtha and again speaks to herself). Alas, I shall never again be able to see the enchanting face of Krsna, which is as splendid as the moon, and bewilders the residents of the 3 worlds with its beauty. (Full of longing, she returns and says openly) Be merciful to me, be merciful. Please show me his picture again. Vishaka: O friend, there is no paper here to draw a picture on. Radhika: (anxious) Then I will meditate upon him, and in this way he shall appear before me. (She becomes absorbed in meditation). Krsna: O friend, I have never before drunk such an intoxicating nectar for the ears. Therefore we must present ourselves before her. (They emerge from behind the tree). Vishaka: (with great respect) O friend, by good fortune, your pleasant meditation has become successful. Immediately open your eyes! (Radha opens her eyes slightly and becomes amazed). Vishaka: He for whom you were prepared to destroy yourself, being struck by the arrows of cupid has now appeared before you. The raging fire of pure love caused your delicate body to burn. O friend, this playful person, crowned with a peacock feather decoration in his hair, and who is the lord of your life, is now in your presence. Radhika: O how sweet this dream is. Vishaka: O untrusting gopi, you have never before experienced a dream like thi, where you have not even fallen asleep. Krsna: With the movements of her eyes, this beautiful gopi causes cupid, wielding arrows of flowers to flee. She moves with the slow and graceful gait of the king of elephants, and the beauty of the red bimba fruit which are her lips, has conquered the charming splendour of the nearby lotus flowers. Radhika: (her eyes dance on the form of Krsna, and she says to herself) Excellent, excellent. O heart, by good fortune you may see this form of Krsna for a moment. Krsna: (smiles) O rascal Vishaka, I have diligently searched for you, and now, by good fortune I have found you. Someone, with a similar form as yours, has bewildered me and stolen away my delightful garland of unripe gunja berries.

Madhumangala: Just see how our garland is resting on Radhas neck. Take it from her. Krsna: O friend, although you are very knowledgeable, this advice of yours is not ver proper. I do not remember ever having seen such a beautiful young girl, even in a dream. Radhika: (aside) Although Krsna is jesting, I am afraid that he is speaking about me with honesty. Vishaka: (laughing) O Krsna, O great ocean into which the rives of young gopis flow. Stay, stay! At present I can still see the marks your gopi friends on your limbs. Krsna: (Joyful to himself) When Radha smiles, waves of joy overtake her cheeks and her arched eyebrows dance like the bow of cupid. Her glance is so enchanting that it is like a dancing bumblebee, moving unsteadily due to intoxication. That bee has bitten the whorl of my heart. Jatila: (offstage) O grand-daughter Vishaka! Krsna: why has Jatila, whitened with old-age, so unexpectedly arrived? Jatila: (Glancing ahead, she says to herself) Why is Krsna here? (Openly) O Vishaka, why have you forgotten the sandalwood paste mixed with perfume? Krsna: (aside) At this moment when the chakora bird is about to drink theeffulgence of the crescent moon, this mass of clouds has appeard to cover that moon. (Openly) Maternal aunt of my mother, I offer respects to you. Jatila: O enchanting boy, do not look at the young gopis with such crooked eyes. Madhumangala: (laughs) O gopi as hard as the thunderbolt of Indra which is fashioned from the bones of Dadhici, the glance of my dear friend Krsna is always exalted and noble. It is your eyes that are squinting. Therefore you should grant a benediction to yourself, so that your eyes may no longer squint in this way. Jatila: O lover of the young gopis, why have you come here? Krsna: O noble gopi, who would not be attracted by the beauty of these roses, which are so amazingly and extraordinary red? (Alternate translation) O noble gopi, who would not be attracted by Radha, who is as beautiful as roses, and whose love is very amazing and extraordinary. Jatila: (aside) Because of my contact with Mukhara, I knew that he was presently here at this place. (Openly) O charming boy you must immediately leave this place. Krsna: O talkative old gopi, why are you so agitated? I shall leave when I wish. Jatila: (looks at Krsna with crooked eyes) O why shouldnt I be in anxiety? The entire earth has been washed of its sweetness. Upon me rests the burden of over-seeing the welfare of my newly-married

daughter-in-law. You fearlessly wander all over the pasturing grounds causing your eyes to dance. Krsna: O suspicious old gopi, dont talk nonsensically. What have you heard about the activities of your daughter-in-law? Whatever you may have heard, I can justify my respectable character. Jatila: O Vishaka, why are you here? Vishaka: O pious gopi, I saw a way-ward deer, and became astonished. (She glances at a deer) O merciless deer, you abandoned your beautiful mate, who always affectionately acompanied you, and instead you uselessly wander from forest to forest artistically leaping and playing. Jatila: O foolish, whimsical girl, give up this infatuation with a deer. Madhumangala: O dear friend, look! Although this young parrot is thirsty, it will not accept the sweet pomegranate fruit. Krsna: (smiling) O pomegranate tree, this parrot has become fascinated by the redness of your flowers, which make you appear also beautiful. He is standing aloof and wondering whether your fruits are ripe. (According to Visvanatha Chakravarti, Krsna wonders whether the fruits of ecstatic love of God have become ripened on the tree of Radha). (Moving her eyes, Vishaka glances at Radha). Radha: (aside) For a long time I have not drunk the nectarean words of Krsna, and I have not placed my sidelong glance upon his face. O friend, I have finally attained the delightful opportunity to associate with Hari, and wicked fate is already obstructing me, using this old woman. Jatila: (aside) Because of the noble-mindedness of my daughter-in-law, the sight of this Kanha could not have caused any calamity. (Openly) O Vishaka, look! The afternoon is ending. Let us hurry to the temple of the sun-god. (They exit). Krsna: O friend, this Radha is like the moonlight which follows the full moon (Purnamasi). Therefore let us go to Purnamasi. (They exit) ACT 3 (Followed by Lalita, Purnamasi enters) Purnamasi: O child, on my account, the son of Nanda, has become embarrassed to associate with your friend Radha. Lalita: O noble gopi, great souls are difficult to understand. They do not immediately reveal their minds. Purnamasi: (glancing ahead) O child, just see how Madhu-mardhana (the killer of the Madhu demon) is happily sporting with Madhumangala in this garden of kadamba trees. The flute of Krsnas pastimes measures 3 fingers in length, and it is bedecked with indra-nila gems. At the ends of the flute are arusa gems (rubies) glittering beautifully, and in the middle of it is plated with gold and set ablaze with

diamonds. This auspicious flute, pleasing to Krsna, is glittering in his hands with transcendental brilliance. Krsna: (Enters showing signs of regret) Due to embarrassment, Radha suddenly turned her face from me, as her smiling friend held the corner of her garment. How is it that today I failed to embrace Radha between my arms? O friend Madhumangala, her eyes are like that of the khanjarita bird and her blossoming, graceful feminine gestures, have completely stolen away the bumblebee of my mind. (With longing) Radha once said the following words, O friend, my favourite pearl-necklace has broken and I must now search for the scattered pearls. Using this trick, she affectionately glanced at me from the corners of her charmingly, bewildered beautiful eyes, even in the presence of her elders. Purnamasi: (sees Krsna from a distance and says apprehensively) Muraris slightly agitated eyes move about and his sighs cause his garland of vicalika flowers to wilt. Who is the fortunate, beautiful girl in Gokula, who has quickly brought the Lord to this state of meditation? O child, Radha is certainly the cause of this. Krsna: (seeing Purnamasi he approaches her) O noble woman, I offer respects to you. Purnamasi: O handsome boy, may you be the chief ornament on the sloping breasts of the gopis. Krsna: (slightly laughing) Do not give these useless benedictions. With the bud of my hand, I have not even touched this dark-coloured creeper, who is celebrated as the gopi (Tulasi). Madhumangala: (laughing) O master, we are looking for a golden creeper, not a dark-coloured one. Purnamasi: (with a playful, joking smile) O Madhava, you are the son of the king of the cowherd men, and you are very well behaved. You are famous in Vraja for the strength of your arms, and for performing hundreds of wonderful pastimes. Why have you so greatly agitated this pious girl? Madhumangala: O harshly speaking old woman, wait a moment, wait a moment. It is my dear friend who has become agitated by your Radha. He has become so bewildered that he does not understand how he has lost his crown, buffalo horn an stick. He does not know where he has dropped them. Krsna: (embarrassed) O pious woman, this talkative boy is speaking lies. I will speak the truth to you. I have not fallen in love with your gopis. He should answer this question truthfully here. Madhumangala: O pious Purnamasi, this is true. This is true. I have never observed that the heart of my dear friend has shown any love for your gopis. On the contrary, it is Their cosmetics that are seen on Krsnas chest. Krsna: (affectionately angry) O fool, fie upon you. Although you are my intimate friend, you will not abandon this dishonesty.

Purnamasi: This boy has spoken the truth. O killer of Kamsa, according to your desire you manifest a reservoir of unlimited transcendental qualities, and you are a great ocean of beauty. You are always possessing a multitude of auspicious opulences. Therefore in your pastimes of playing your flute, it is no wonder that when the gopis hear that sound their clothes become loose even inside their homes. Madhumangala: O pious woman, you have only described the pastimes of his playing the flute. He has done may other things which you do not know. This very day I have seen him take the gopis garments from the shore of the Yamuna river, and place them on his shoulder with his own hand. Krsna: (Knitting his eyebrows, he checks Madhumangala) O noble woman, even though the sound of my flute is so attractive, your gopis remain gloriously chaste. Lalita: Some king of the rascals has certainly taught you some bewitching mantra, or herb by which you have destroyed the happiness of household life for all these pure, beautiful wives of the cowherd men. Madhumangala: Lalita speaks the truth. Without some powerful mantra, how could this boy, who is by nature as gentle as a fresh cool lotus flower, have put to shame great demons who were as big as mountains. Lalita: O pious boy, please do not tell us how cool he is. Even the mere remembrance of your friend creates a distressful burning sensation within us. Madhumangala: O friend, although you are so cooling, the gopis say you are very hot. By touching you, I shall see if this is true. (Madhumangala respectfully places his hand on Krsnas chest). Lalita speaks the truth. (Madhumangala reflects for a moment) O Lalita, I understand, I understand. Your Radha has entered the heart of Krsna and caused him to become very hot, even though he himself has made millions of moons cool. Lalita: O pious boy, my friends fragile and unlimited love has been greatly injured by this Krsna. How is it possible for her to enter his heart, which is as hard as a diamond. Madhumangala: O fickle girl, my friend is full of very intense and beautiful love for your gopi friend. Cheating sleep, he meditated upon her with single-pointed concentration of the mind, just like a king of the yogis. Krsna: (Turning his face away with embarrassment) Fool, stop these lying jokes. Lalita: By the grace of providence, my dear friend has become very fortunate. Purnamasi: O handsome boy, please stop these jokes. Hear what I have to say. O Krsna, you are just like an ocean. The river of Srimati Radharani has reached you from a long distance, leaving behind the

tree of her husband, breaking through the bridge of social convention, and forcibly crossing the hills of elder relatives. Coming here because of fresh feelings of love for you, that river has now received your shelter. But now you are trying to turn her back by the waves of unfavourable words. How is it that you are spreading this attitude (indifference)? Madhumangala: O even though your intelligence is sharp/pure still you ask this question? Just see how I have constructed this bow of flowers for frightening away cuckoos with their vile warbling. Purnamasi: O moon-faced Krsna, when this young girl perceives the sweet aroma of the Madhavi creepers, and then again sees how diligently her female companions are guarding the gate, she trembles with fear. When she sees the drops of water on the chandrakanta jewel on her terrace, she suspects the imminent moon-rise and faints with anxiety. Krsna: (aside) Ah, this is a very painful situation. Purnamasi: O handsome boy, the neglect of anothers love I a greatly sinful deed, which causes very bitter consequences. Just see, the jewel of the day (the sun) is now abandoning the reddened twilight, and it is immersing this world in terrible darkness. (Ashamed Krsna bows his head) (Glancing at Krsna she becomes very happy and says to herself): By good fortune, Krsna is smiling and his right eye is blinking auspiciously. (Openly) You should become the decoration of this grove of mango trees. One of my friends (Lalita or Vishaka) will bring you to the proper place. Krsna: (embarrassed) As you say. (He and Madhumangala exit). Purnamasi: O daughter Lalita, now I am completely happy. Please go now to radha. (Engaged in conversation, Radha and Vishaka enter). Radhika: O friend, although I have drunk the coconut juice of Krsnas conversation, which is mixed with the camphor of his smile, because I have not drunk the nectar of the touch of his body, I have become greatly emaciated and am no longer able to remain alive, as if I had swallowed poison. Vishaka: O friend, you do not know how glorious you are. Although, Syamasundara, has become so affectionate towards you because of your intense love for him, you still nevertheless fear that you are impure. Radhika: O friend, at night the jungle elephant of conjugal love (cupid) has thrown away the fence and fearlessly trampled the multitude of lotus flowers which are my longings to meet Krsna. Alas, even though the glowing moon may rise for a long time, it is possible for those wretched lotus flowers to become happy? Purnamasi: (Seeing Radha ahead): O daughter Lalita, I am eager to induce your friend Radha to describe her love for Krsna. Please remain silent as I speak to her. Lalita: I shall do whatever you say.

Purnamasi: (approaches Radha and says with feigned unhappiness) O Radha your eyes are as charming as a pair of khanjana birds. With sweet words Madhava continually begs for the touch of your body. He considers that no other remedy will even slightly cure the agitation of his heart. Radhika: (as if perplexed) Why should I feel embarrased here? (She folds her hands) If a delicate rangana creeper is scorched by a blazing forest fire, what can sace that creeper, except for the appearance of a dark rain-cloud? Purnamasi: O Radha, you are the granddaughter of an elderly gopi. How is it that you aspire to attain Krsna, who is very difficult to attain, and whose feet are embraced by the goddess of fortune herself? Please listen to my words, and pacify your mind. Do not become curious to grasp in your hands the moon, which is moving in the sky. Radhika: (her voice choked up with emotion) Because of your insistence, I shall give up my love for Krsna, the conquerer of the Mura demon. Nevertheless, now that evening is beginning, my mind is very eager to hear some encouraging words from your mouth. Please grant me the benediction that in my next life I may become a bee on a garland of forest flowers. (She hints that she is about to commit suicide, because her love for Krsna is frustrated). Vishaka: O noble Purnamasi, please protect Radha. Her eyes are wide open and her condition is very frightening. Purnamasi: (agitated) Alas, the snake of time, which brings great catastrophes has forcibly intruded. (She mercifully embraces Radha) O child, become calm, please become calm. You are now agitated by the manifestation of great love. Please listen and I will tell the truth to you. Desiring a brief glance of you, Lord Siva and the other unlimitedly powerful controllers of the universe, perform severe austerities to achieve this end. Even Krsna has become thin because of his thirst to see you. O beautiful Radha, how can I glorify your indescribable good fortune? Lalita: With the flute at his mouth, Krsna is now exclusively engaged in singing beautiful songs to glorify your pastimes. Making beautiful ornaments to decorate you with has become his exclusive activity. Your names have become more pleasing to him than all of the inhabitants of Vrndavana forest. O Radha, the enemy of Kamsa has made for you today a mandala of fragrant creepers. Radhika: (becoming calm, she says to herself) O fickly mind, even now you do not believe this. Purnamasi: Lalita, you are very bold. When Vishaka returns here from the base of the Mango tree, accompanied by Mukunda, please conceal Radha from the other gopis, in the previously arranged grove of Karnikara flowers. I must go and attend to my own duties now. (The 3 exit).

Vishaka: (after walking a great distance). I can see Kanha staying under that mango tree. Krsna: (eagerly glancing behind) The brilliant sun, appearing as beautiful sphere of molten gold, has now set, entering the waters of the ocean. The darkness appearing as a perfect cosmetic for the eyes of these many owls, has caused even the elephants to stumble and stray from their normal course. (Anxiously looking at the path) How is it that I still do not see that gopi friend? (Turning around, he looks behind) Moonlight is very expert at disturbing the sleep of the pious gopis, who appear as beautiful as sleeping lotus flowers. That moonlight threatens to humiliate the lotus flowers and cause their beauty to fade. That moonlight is lamented by those whose lovers never arrive at the place of rendezvous. That beautiful and cooling moonlight is now decorating the eastern sky. Krsna: (perplexed) The moon has risen, and still Radhas messenger has not arrived. Perhaps Radha considered her religious duties and restrained her desire to see me? Perhaps she was prevented by the harsh and critical objections of her superiors. Perhaps she has fainted in distress, and she is now motionless. Vishaka: (aside) Krsna is eagerly looking at the path, expecting my appearance. I shall joke with him for a moment. (She turns her face down and becomes silent). Krsna: O my friend, why are you silent? Vishaka: O moon-faced boy, I am very unfortunate. Why should I speak? Krsna: (apprehensive) Why is this? Vishaka: O handsome boy, Sarasvati, the goddess of eloquence, does not grace me with her appearance. Still it is not proper for me to conceal what has transpired. O prince of Vraja, the wretched Abhimanyu has taken my dear friend Radha to Mathura (Her speech is interrupted by dry crying). Krsna: (alarmed) When was she taken to Mathura? Vishaka: At the time when you met noble Punamasi. Krsna: (grief-stricken) O Vishaka, why was she taken to Mathura? Vishaka: It was suspected that she had fallen in love with you. Krsna: How was it detected? Vishaka: Who would not be able to detect the appearance of that extraordinary love? Krsna: The uncivilised breeze from the malaya hills fatigues my body, and the moon appears to be scattering blazing particles of fiery dust with its moonlight. Wretched cupid scolds me with the buzzing sound of the bumble bees. I am not able to live without Radha even for a moment. (Krsna becomes bewildered). Vishaka: (respectfully) O bliss of Gokula, please become peaceful, become peaceful. I was simply playing a joke with you. Although

radha is greatly distressed, her life is protected by the delightful garland you gave her. Krsna: (relieved) O rascal, you are teasing me. Vishaka: You have forgotten your own nature. Krsna: O friend, please describe the symptoms of my beloved Radhas love for me. Vishaka: When radha hears your name, even from a distance, her eyes become like red madira flowers, and she calls out and trembles as if she had become intoxicated. Oh, what more can I say? When by chance she sees a dark rain-cloud (she remembers you), and her mind becomes very eager to embrace your 2 shoulders. Krsna: Let us go quickly to her. Indeed I can almost see my beloved. (They begin to walk). Radha: (grief-stricken) Perhaps some obstacle has prevented my friend from going to Krsna. Perhaps Hari did not believe her appeal. Alas, perhaps cruel fate has become my enemy. Perhaps these are the reasons why I cannot perceive, even in the distance, the fragrance of his forest garland. Vishaka: (as they come within sight of Radha) O Krsna, this girl bowing her head, is constantly gazing at this path shaded by trees. At one moment she rises from her seat, and then again she sits down bewildered. She takes 3-3 steps, glances at Lalita, and again turns around. Just see how she has become devastated by an overwhelming desire to associate with you. Krsna: Radha is so beautiful that the lustre of her face has eclipsed the moonrise. Her smile is as sweet as a multitude of red lotus flowers, and the splendour of her fingernails and toenails has conquered the loveliness of the stars. Her eyes are as beautiful as the eyes of deer, and she makes the charming dusk appear as insignificant as a blade of grass. Radhika: (dejected) Why did he reject me so cruelly? Although he is independent, is he controlled by the fragrance and side long glances of other affectionate gopis? Although the world is being engulfed in moon-light, still the son of Nanda has not yet reached this cottage of creepers. Krsna: (approaching Radha) Because of the excellent mercy of Purnamasi, this girl as beautiful as moonlight is now delighting me. Radhika: (full of wonder she says to herself) Ah, this person who is the bestower of all good fortune, has now arrived. (She loses composure). Vishaka: The fortunate gopis, delight the killer of the Madhu demon, with their pastimes and novel jokes. Although I am such a fortunate gopi, my good fortune is insignificant because in my presence my dear friend Radha has become stunned and is rolling on the ground. (In ecstatic love). Lalita: This handsome young man, who enchants the swan of your mind, is now standing before you. O sh Radha, do not become

overwhelmed with fear. At this moment courage will help you to fulfil your desires. (She drags Radha forecefully to Krsna). O cheater, the swan of my friend Radhas mind saw you from a great distance and began to tremble, overcome by thirst. In that condition, the swan dived into the lotus flower of your face and was trapped by the network of your restless eyebrows. It is right therefore that you act in this contrary way towards us? Krsna: Persons of my calibre do not take advantage of weak young women. Vishaka: O pious boy, this is true, this is true. The kadamba tree at Bhadra-Kali tirtha (where Krsna stole the gopis clothes) is a witness to the truth of this. Krsna: O friend, lalita, what will make you belive that I am faultless? Lalita: If we skilfully subject you to a trial-by-ordeal, we may believe you. Krsna: O crooked girl, put me on trial, as you like. The brilliant effulgence of my good reputation can never become stained with disgrace. Lalita: In between Radhas golden, pitcher like, raised breasts, there is a young female black snake who is Radhas intimate follower (the fine line of hair extending from her navel). If you can place your hand ont he great jewel which decorates that serpents head, and remain unhurt, the moon of your nonourable reputation will shine without any taint of disgrace. Krsna: (pretending to be afraid) O cruel girl, you are named Laltia (playful) very appropriately. In this matter of a very insignificant offense, you have prescribed a very severe trial-by-ordeal, where the accused person places his hand in a pitcher containing a poisonous snake. Radhika: (affectionately angry) O Lalita, stop, Stop! (Knitting her eyebrows, Radha glances at Lalita). Lalita: Why does Radha criticise me? I am just seeing if he has been completely corrupted (or not). Vishaka: O Lalita, I know the intention in Radhas heart. Lalita: Please tell me, I shall listen. Vishaka: Krsna has already touched so many serpents and he has remained unhurt. He touched the serpent Agha whose form reached up to the clouds, and he also touched Kaliya, who was very proud, angry and hostile, and who belched forth flames. Krsna also touched the serpent who was swallong Nanda Maharaja. That serpent later became transformed into a celestial demigod. Krsna appears to be the guru of the serpents. How will your trial by the ordeal of touching a serpent have any effect on Him? Lalita: (laughs) O Radha, you do not understand the glorious position of your follower. Look at this, O friend, your romavali in the form of a

female serpent, is able to bewilder thecrest-jewel of Garuda, whose own shrill cries remove the pride of all the serpents wives. Radhika: (affectionately angry) O bold Lalita, first you bring me here and then you mock me. I shall go to Vrndavana and tell the elderly gopis about your activities. Lalita: O bewildered Radha, first determine whether my activities are actually pious or dishonest, and then you may go. Krsna: O cruel Lalita, because you will not give up this wicked idea, I accept this trial-by-ordeal. (He approaches Radha). Lalita: (observing Krsna) O clever one, stop, stop! I understand. I understand. At the beginning of this trial, you have become frightened and your agitated hands are trembling. Indeed your whole body is shaking and the hairs of your body are standing upright like peacock feathers. Therefore it has been revealed that you are the sovereign emperor of rascal thieves. Lalita: O clever boy, you admit it with your own mouth. Krsna: O friend, because of affection for me, please tell me how I may become free of my offense. Lalita: Please enter amidst the great and pure liberated souls who have climbed the mountain of perfection in yoga, in a solitary place. Trembling, beg shelter from them. These magnanimous souls will accept even a greatly sinful person because they are full of saintly qualities. (Alternate translation) Please become the central jewel on thenecklace of splendid pearls which decorate the solitary slopes of Sri Radhas breasts. Please enter amidst these pearls and beg for shelter. These saintly pearls will certainly accept you. The Supreme Personality of Godhead, whose arms are broad. Krsna: O friend, your instruction is exellent. Blissful, he approaches Radha and places his hand upon her. Radhika: (with a faltering voice) Ohandsome one, it is not proper for you to do this. (She repels Krsnas hand and then disappears into the trees). Krsna: (At Radhas departure Krsna becomes alarmed) O friends, where has your friend Radha gone? Lalita and Vishaka: O charming boy, when we find her, we will certainly tell you. (They approach Radha from behind) O Radha, now you have an opportunity to joke with this playful Krsna. For a moment please conceal your real emotions. Radhika: (cunningly moving her eyebrows) O Lalita, how can you advise me to joke with him? This bold and reckless deed is very improper for me. I should leave. Lalita: (approaching Krsna) O moon-faced boy, our dear friend wishes to say something to you, but she has become afraid. Krsna: O friend, there is no need to be afraid of someone who is submissive and obedient. Radha may order me as she likes.

Lalita: My perplexed mind is greatly inundated by waves of fear and my hands are trembilng. My throat has become choked up, my head is spinning and my limbs perspire. O Lord of Vrndavana, I am not able to do very great and powerful deeds. You have come at night from a great distance to this rendezvous. Pleae forgive my offense. Krsna: (aside) I cannot understand whether she is joking or whether she speaks in this way out of religious duty. Radhika: (partly visible) O friend, quickly send him away. No one should see me. Krsna: (unhappily says to himself) The love of young girls is very flickering. What is not possible for them? (Openly) O Radha, with ardent love you invited me to this secret rendezvour. Is it proper that my purposes remain unfulfilled in this way? It is natural that I am attracted to you, just as iron is attracted to the magnet. I just slightly touched you. Why have you hidden nearby? Lalita: O Gokulananda, why do you criticise Radha, when you should criticise your own sinful deed! Although there is great mutual affection between You and Radha, this foolish and uncivilised act stands as a great obstacle between the two of you. Krsna: Look, lookd friend, those full of great love abandon even the rules of morality in order to approach their beloved. Tara, the wife of Brhaspati who is the spiritual master of Indra, kissed Candra (the deity of the moon). (Alternate translation) Those full of great love abandon even the objects of material attachment in order to approach the path of devotional service. Therefore if the wife of a very powerful or opulent husband has attained the exalted stage of love of God, she is able to affectionately kiss the Supreme Personality of Godhead Lord Visnu. Lalita: Who indeed is prevailing in your replies, back and forth. Therefore Radha you should go back to your husband, away from this person who is defeating you. Radhika: (deliberately approaching Lalita) O Lalita, I shall tell you something and then return. (Looking at Lalita) My chastity resounds in the mouths of all the dutiful gopis, my family is free from defamation and my husband is opulent and handsome. Nevertheless, by the playful moving of Krsnas eyebrows, cupid conquered my pride with his bow. Now this vain introduction is causing my heart to be overcome with fear. Krsna: (glancing at Radha he sighs and says to himself) Radhas moving sidelong glances have darkened the colour of her diamond earrings, which now have the lustre of emeralds. Her eyebrows are very beautiful and a smile shines within her words. O mind, do not become dejected. I think that perhpas Radhas aversion to me is an artificial device inspired by her friends. Lalita: (she sees Krsnas face and whispers to Vishaka) O Vishaka, he understands my intentions. He has uncovered our secret.

Vishaka: yes, its true. Krsna: (smiles) O Lalita. Radha who is expert at deception, is uselessly trying to trick me. Trying to trick me in this way is like trying to capture a maddened elephant with a spiders web. Vishaka: O friend Radha, your teasing is now useless. You should now immediately fulfil the desires of your beloved. Krsna: (with great love) My 2 ears have become deafened by the calling of the cuckoo. Please sure them with gentle and eloquent words of praise. My limbs are burning with the fire of intense love. O beautiful Radha, please fearlessly cool those burning limbs with your embrace. Vishaka: O handsome one, the goddess of bashfulness has come before us in the form of Radha. In front of her I shall ofer words of praise. For that length of time, pleaes remain very cool, calm and gentle. (In her presence). Krsna: (respectfully) O friend, by nature I am very cool and calm. I shall now become like a garland of blue lotus flowers at the new golden pitcher-like breasts of Radha. (He slowly approaches Radha). Radhika: (Shrinking away) O Vishaka, why have you abandoned me? I am frightened. Lalita: O Radha, how can Vishaka conceal and protect you? This garland of lotus flowers is surely competent to protect you because we see that it has attracted many bumblebees. Wear it and it will protect you. (Vishaka means without hands, so Lalita says that because Vishaka is handless she cannot protect Radha). Radhika: (affectionately angry) O harshly speaking Lalita, although your desires are all fulfilled, you still do not go away. Vishaka: O Radha, Kanha has consecrated himself to perform the Vedic ritual of giving fearlessness to all the residents of Gokula. Why are you afraid of him? Krsna: O beautiful Radha, you are certainly much stronger than I. Why are you afraid of me? Assuming the form of the creepers which are your eyebrows, Kaliya, the king of the serpents, surrounds me with his crooked looks. Assuming the form of the sharp corners of your eyes, the demon Dhenuka chastises me. The demon Pralambha, assuming the form of your long braided hair, has violently robbed away my strength. Although I had formerly defeated these demons, now that they have taken shelter of you, they have conquered me. Lalita: O Kanha, from where has radha received her superior strength? No one is able to take these transcendental opulences away from you. Vishaka: O friend Radha the enemy of Kamsa, is very affectionate to his many swan-like devotees but for some reason you will not release the king of swans, your mind. Therefore you should immediately cast off these bonds by the pastimes of embracing. O deceitful and beautiful faced girl, one cannot attain ones desired tranquility through dishonesty.

Radhika: O sinful Vishaka, you have become corrupted by the breezes wafted from the poisonous creeper who is Lalita. Krsna: O friend Lalita, how is it that even now Radha will not let me become immersed in the nectar of her mercy? She forces me to stand on the shore of that mercy ocean. Lalita: O Kanha, give up your cleverness. One cannot attain the mercy of our dear friend Radha immediately, simply by asking for it, as you can with Candravali. Krsna: How can one attain your friends mercy? Lalita: By constant service. Krsna: (joyfully glancing at Radha) O Radha, shall I draw pictures with sandalwood passte upon your breasts, or shall I decorate your braided hair with a crown of flowers, or shall I use my hand to massage your extremely beautiful limbs which are so greatly afflicted by cupid. Radhika: (playfully shrinks from Lalita and pointing her finger scolds her) O crooked rascal, you shall remember this. I shall release myself from your hands and go home. Lalita: (pulling the corner of Radhas sari) O friend Radha, dont go home. I am determined to stop you with my own hand. O deaf girl, how is it that you keep gold tied within the knot at the corner of your sari? Radhika: Let go of the border of my sari, let go! When I leave this place, I shall inform the pious Mukhara of all these activities. Mukhara: (calling from off-stage) O granddaughter Lalita, where is your dear friend Radha? Lalita: O here come the pious Mukhara. Krsna: (alarmed) I shall go far away. (He goes far away). Mukhara: (glancing ahead she says to herself) Something which appears to be a dark bue emerald column is attracting my eyes from a great distance. This column has such an extraordinary sweet fragrance. It must certainly be Krsna. Krsna: O pious woman (half-spoken) Mukhara: (with pretended harshness) who said that? Krsna: O pious Mukhara, may you become happy. Mukhara: O charming boy, how can I become happy as long as your flute is not silent? Krsna: O pious woman, how has my flute offended you? Mukhara: You should ask the young girls of Gokula, who although prohibited by their superiors, nevertheless run into the forest time after time, whenever they hear the sound of your flute. Krsna: You ar very appropriately named Mukhara (talkative). Mukhara: O charming boy, by entering here in the dark of night, you frightened me. Krsna: You are needlessly afraid. Purnamasi told me that a very amazing deer is roaming here in this courtyard. That is why I came.

Mukhara: O handsome boy, in the morning you shall see this deer. Now you should go home. Krsna: Old woman, you are as hard as a rams horn, but I trust what you say. I shall go now. (He disappears into the darkness). Mukhara: O Lalita, has Kanha actually gone? Lalita: He certainly has. Krsna: (aside) This old woman is very agitated. I shall become silent and tug at the corner of Radhas sari. Mukhara: (her eyes wide open with anger) Impudent Lalita. In my presence Kanha, wearing a yellow dhoti is tugging at the border of Radhas sari. Why are you trying to deceive me. (Krsna becomes a little frightened and retreats). Lalita: (aside) I shall trick this old woman, who cannot see clearly at night. (Angrily speaking out) Old Mukhara, you cannot see clearly, but without any reason you have become afraid. This is a dark Tamala tree growing here on the shore of the Yamuna river. A golden bench is situated at the base of this tree and the branches of the tree are moving in the wind. It is these tree branches which are shaking the garments covering the breasts of my friend Radha. Mukhara: (aside) She is not speaking alie. (Openly) O child, I have become very agitated. I shall go home and go to sleep. (She exits). Vishaka: O Radha, Kanhas face is covered with perspiration. Please wipe away that perspiration with the border of your sari. Radhika: (knitting her eyebrows) O Vishaka, since childhood, you have taken a vow to do these things. You should do it. Vishaka: O Radha, the delightful garland which decorates your neck is speaking the following words, Do not become angry. You also may be initiated into the performance of this vow. Krsha: (glancing at the delightful garland Krsna praises it) O Radha, your eyes are as charming and restless as Khanjana birds. I think that tehse delightful flowers must have performed many pious deeds for a long time at the best of holy places because they have achieved the happiness of association of your breasts, a position so difficult for me to achieve. Radhika: O Vishaka, please remove this withered garland from my neck. The priceless necklace of gunja, obtained by you, was forcibly taken from my neck. I now want it back. Vishaka: O Gokulananda, my dear friend Radha is very angry with me. She wants this gunja necklace which was taken from her. Krsna: I shall give it to her. (Thus he approaches smilingly and gives her the garland). Radha: (aside) on the pretext of offering me the garland Krsna has touched the border of the cloth covering my breasts. (She refrains from knitting her eyebrows). Vishaka: O Radha, have you attained your desire? Indeed you have.

Radhika: (biting her bimba fruit lips) O impudent girl, stop, stop! (She strikes Vishaka with a lotus flower). Vishaka: (laughing) O bold Radha, dont become angry. I bestowed upon you the necklace. Krsna: What austerity may I perform, to be struck by your lotus flower? Please strike me, even if only with the roving corners of your lotus eyes. Lalita: Now that you have offered your body to Lord Hari, how is it that you have become a miser and will not even look at him? If one gives a valuable cintamani jewel, it is not proper for the donor to withold the case which carries the jewel. Radhika: O Lalita, please do not offend my superiors by talking in this way. Vishaka: O friend, why are you afraid? Purnamasi can expertly propitiate your superiors. Lalita: (joyful, aside) By her good fortune, my dear friend is now embracing Kanha with the waves of her smiling sidelong glance. Vishaka: O Lalita, look, look, the moon beautifies the sky, and the effulgence beautifies the moon. O beautiful faced Lalita, the forest of Vrndavana enhances the moonlight, Lord Hari beautifies the forest of Vrndavana, and your friend Radha beautifies Lord Hari. The abode of pure love of God decorates your friend Radha with its splendour. Lalita: Alas, Alas! O Vishaka, look! The candrakanta jewels are melting. They are washing away the decoration of sandalwood paste on the altar for the worship of the sungod. Come, let us go there. We will lead the way throught the flower garden. Krsna: O dear Radha, do not leave me. (He clutches the edge of her sari). Radhika: Let me go, let me go! My friends are calling me. Krsna: O cruel girl, do not lie to me. Radhika: (smiling) O goddess Sarasvati, I offer obeisances unto you. You will certainly testify to my truthfulness. Krsna: (gently laughing) You are as splendid as a lotus flower and this black bumblebee (of Krsna) worships the great flood of the sweet fragrance of your super-excellent prema, which has come to him from a great distance. That agitated, humming bumblebee is moving from here to there in the flood of that fragrance, aspiring to taste the sweet nectar of the lotus flower of your mouth. Furthermore, after having observed how the pearls on your necklace have attained the liberation of a residence on your breasts, I desire to attain a tiny particle of that same contact. After having left my affectionate friends and come here alone to enjoy your company, this harshness of yours is unfair. O beautiful, slender girl please give up these injustices and satisfy me with drops of nectar and a festival of intimate union. (Radha becomes embarrassed) O beloved, look, look, as a small child, the moon was nourished by drinking the nectar of the ocean, lord of

the waters. That moon now appears as a pitcher of cooling medicine which removes the fever of the multitude of lotus flowers. Appearing as the chief priest for chanting mantras in the sacrifice performed by the chakravaka birds, that moon is not purifying and beautifying the area near the bank of the Yamuna river. The round moon is now decorated with all the beauty of springtime, and the light of that moon is now kissing the pavilion in the grove. Let us go there. (They exit). ACT 4 Nandimukhi: Lalita has spoken to me the following words: O friend Nandimukhi, when the cows enter the cow pens, then Kanha quickly goes near Govardhana Hill. Pleae go there and tell Subala to remind his friend Kanha about Radha. (She beigns to walk) Why is Padma coming here? Padma: O Nandimukhi, you are very expert. Pleae tell me some remedy by which I may relieve the agitated Candravali? Nandimukhi: What is the cause of her agitation? Padma: You must certainly know. It is Kanha, who delights and charms the entire community of Gokula every evening with his pastimes. Nandimukhi: Yes, this is true. Padma: At the present time not even the fragrance of Kanha can be found in the southern part of Vrndavana. Nandimukhi: Dont become unhappy. I have seen aibya, her forehead decorated with pictures drawn in mineral pigments, and I have seen Syama, her hair, as beautiful as a camara whisk, decorated with garland of forest flowers. I have also seen Bhadra, appearing very beautiful, her shoulders decorated with a garland of gunja. I have seen them in the company of the spiritual master of the gopis, who is right now the guest of Govardhana Hill. Vrnda: (offstage) The companion of the son of Nanda, the flute, is the original residence of the waves of all wonderful music in the universes. Placing that flute in his left hand with love, his eyes full of bliss, he is slowly wandering, searching for a suitable cave on the summit of Govardhana Hill. Nandimukhi: O Padma, please delight Candravali with this news and I shall got to Subala. (She exits). Padma: (looking again) Vrndadevi, who is following us, understands the intentions of this formidable, noble woman. She will use a trick to try to hinder Candravali. Vrnda: (off stage) Why do you, just like Radha, desire to passionately embrace him, whose intimate association is so difficult to attain? O bewildered girl, donot listen to the words of this proud old woman. Do not go outside. Lord Hari, agitating the beautiful gopis of Vraja with the lustre of the corners of his amorous eyes, and stealing away the rubies which are the gopis minds, is now arriving.

Candravali: (enters looking anxiously in all directions) How is it that Vrnda is speaking a lie? Where is Kanha? (Thus she laments). Padma: (approaches Candravali) Why do you not drive this terrible blazing forest fire from within your heart? Why do you pollute the bimba fruits which are your lips with these deep sighs? O fortunate and beautiful friend, accompanied by the cries of the peacocks, the Lord of the Yadu dynasty is now resounding in the forest near Govardhana Hill, near our village of Sakhi-sthala. Candravali: (glances at Padma) Is this my dear friend Padma? (Deeply embraces Padma) I hope that what you have said is true. Padma: Yes, it is true. Krsna: (accompanied by Subala, he enters) Look, look. The dimly shining sun is now setting in the peaks of the western mountains. The beginning of the evening, with its faint yawning of darkness is now delighting us. Subala: O friend, if because of your desire to perform pastimes, you neglect to milk the cows, what will you gain? Krsna: O friend, someone described the peacocks to me, and thus reminded me of my beloved Candravali. I am now very eager to see her. Subala: What was the description of the peacocks? Krsna: This person said to me, Just see the extended tail feathers of this agitated peacock, who is so furiously dancing for such a long time. The beauty of those feathers chastises the splendour of Lord Indras rainbow, and the eyes in those feathers seem like a multitude of moving dark moons (Candravali). By hearing this I was reminded of Candravali. Subala: Please play some charming music on your flute. (Kanha places the flute to his mouth). Candravali: (hearing the sound of the flute she becomes agitated). This rascal flute performs unprecedented pastimes. It is very amazing to hear. Krsna: O friend Subala, today we should try to please Candravali. Subala: Yes. Padma: Look, the son of the king of Gokula is hastening towards you, and calling to you with his flute. Candravali: (looking at the flute) My dear friend the flute, you are actually full of many holes of faults. You are light, hard, juiceless and full of knots. But what kind of pious activities have engaged you in the service of being kissed by the Lord and embraced by his hands? Krsna: (jubilantly looking ahead) O friend, here is Candravali, the moon whose splendour causes the lotus flowers of my eyes to blossom. O beloved, the circle of your face apepars like the moon, your fingernails and toenails are also moons, and your forehead appears like the new (crescent moon). Therefore you are very appropriately named Candravali (the possessor of many moons). (She becomes bashful). O

beloved, because I became absorbed in killing many wicked demons, I was unable to see your moon-like face, and thus I passed my nights very miserably. Because of your presence I have become free from that great suffering. Candravali: O handsome one, you are just like a bumblebee who is always seeking new companions. How is it that you wish to enjoy among these gopis who are like withered lotus flowers due to separation from you? Krsna: O dear Candravali, you appear newer and fresher at every moment. Please cool the burning fire of separation from you with the nectar of your embrace. Padma: How is it that you are burning with distress simply because of the separation of my dear friend Candravali? Subala: Dont speak in this way! My friend is staring at Candravali just as a thirsty cakora bird gazes at a cooling water-laden cloud. Krsna: O beloved please listen. During our separation, when I was in the forest, there was only one thing to relieve my distress. That thing was full of nectar, cooling to the touch, and very sweet. That thing was Radha. (Bewildered) I mean dhara, dhara. (Dhara means a stream of water). Candravali: (with jealous anger) Then Go! Go serve Radha!. Krsna: O beloved, I said Water not Radha. Candravali: Then why did my ears hear something else? Krsna: O beloved, your ears did not properly hear what I said. Candravali: (turns her head down, reddened with anger) O generous one, what is the need of this pretense? Today the captivating gold earrings, which are the 2 syllables of Radhas name, have been placed upon my ears and filled them with nectar. Krsna: O Candravali, your eyes are as beautiful as those of a frightened deer. Your words are very appropriate. Your golden earrings are certainly beautifying your ears. However the nectar like liquid gold coming from your moon-like face and mouth is now agitating my eyes and ears. Padma: O friend, do not meditate upon your misfortune and become morose, one who is enamoured by Radha will naturally speak the name Radha. Candravali: (sighs) O friend Padma, this is true. Krsna: O beloved, there is no cause for you to be suspicious. Because the moons beloved star Radha, which is manifest only during one portion of the moons phase, shines in the sky. How would it be possible for me to meet this star on the ground? Padma: You are expert in the 64 arts. It is not at all difficult for you to attain this star, the favourite of the moon. Krsna: (with humbleness glances at Padma) O Padma, your eyes are like blossoming lotus flowers. When I see the 2 moon like cheeks on the lotus flower of Candravalis face polluted with this false logic, I

become greatly frightened, and my heart becomes full of plaintive words. In this condition I cannot become happy. Candravali: (with feigned mercifulness) O Lord you are the very life of the inhabitants of Goloka. What bewildered gopi would be able to control her intelligence after appreciating your auspicious and transcendental qualities. Therefore do not become frightened and needlessly shrink away from me. Krsna: (aside) With a sweet expression upon her face, Candravali hides her symptoms of severe anger. (Openly) O beloved this spitting of intensely poisonous words is all useless. These words of anger are actually the sweetest nectar. Candravali: O Gokulananda, I am not able to show my face before you, because I spoke very arrogantly and offended you. I shall now go home. Krsna: (appealing) o beloved, be kind to me, be kind to me. I am folding my hands. Candravali: O fortunate one, I am speaking in a very straightforward way. Why do you suspect that I am speaking untruthfully? Please give me permission to see the deity of Bhadrakali. (Candravali and Padma exit). Krsna: O friend, the many moons which are Candravali are very splendid. Those moons are now eclipsed by many stronger Rahu planets, and I can no longer see them. Subala: O friend, why are you speaking in this way? Candravali is a simply girl. Krsna: O friend, the nature of great souls is very difficult to understand. Although Candravali is very respectful to me, her words are full of the waves which are her humble prayers, and the corners of her eyes are full of sincere honest, she has nevertheless cleverly hidden her anger within her heart. O handsome Subala, let us go to the grove of Bakula trees and there I shall again meet Candravali. (They walk) O friend this grove of Bakula trees is very charming. Look, Look! On the right there is a glittering lake, on the left a pond, and rivulets in every direction. This forest of Bakula trees, full of streams and lakes, is greatly delighting us. (The word Niradhika means abundance of water, but it also can mean without Radha). Subala: (aside) My opportunity has now arrived. (Openly) O friend, if Radha were present, this place would delight you. Why do you say that it would delight you without Radha? (He takes the second meaning). Krsna: (embraces Subala) O friend, you speak the truth. Radhas presence would certainly increase the beauty of this grove of Bakula trees. Pleae tell this to Lalita. Subala: Yes I shall. (He exits). (Padma and Madhumangala enter)

Madhumangala: O Padma, I have heard that Candravali became unsatisfied, even though my friend tried to placate her with sweet words. Padma: Yes, this is true. Madhumangala: Because of this my friend has become dejected. It would be very fitting if we could arrange to re-unite them. Padma: O pious boy, I shall certainly allow you to do this. Madhumangala: (looking ahead) O Padma, look! My dear friend is speaking to a bumblebee in this groce of Bakula trees. Padma: O noble boy, let us hide in this network of creepers, and listen to what he says. Krsna: (remembering Radha, Krsna becomes agitated) When my beloved moves the arch of her eyebrows, cupid loosens his bow of flowers. My beloved is like a treasure chest full of enchanting jewels. May she become an ornament for me. Madhumangala: O Padma, he is speaking about your dear friend Candravali. He longs for her. Let us go and bring her here. Padma: O noble boy, we have clearly heard his words. He is full of love for her. Krsna: (with longing) The beauty of her face defeats the splendour of the full moon. Her waist is adorned with a vali (a slight fold of skin on the upper portion of the belly) This verse can also mean - Her face defeats the splendour of the full-moon night. Candravali shines in the middle...(He stops midway). Madhumangala: O Padma, there is no need to continue listening. Let us quickly go. Padma: You speak well. (They quickly walk far away) Krsna: When will I place beautiful Radha upon my chest? Padma: O pious boy, I say this: My dear friend Candravali is very proud. If she meets Krsna she may treat him with disrespect. Please go to Krsna and tell him this. Madhumangala: You have spoken well. (He returns and approaches Krsna) O dear friend, by eavesdropping I was able to hear all the words you spoke describing your longing to be with your beloved. Please order me and I shall quickly bring your beloved here. Krsna: (with praise he embraces Madhumangala) O friend, I give my blessings to you. Pleae quickly bring her. (Madhumangala and Padma exit). Krsna: What is the cause of this great anxiety of love? When a bumblebee hums in the grove, my mind thinks it hears the sound of my beloveds jewelled ankle bells. When the grass moves in the wind, my mind thinks that my beloved must have arrived. (Accompanied by Padma and Madhumangala, Candravali enters). Candravali: O Padma, is this a grove of Bakula trees that I see? Padma: Yes. Let us quickly go there.

Krsna: (hears the tinkling of the ankle bells) O, I am greatly bewildered by this buzzing of the bumble bees. I should not become bewildered and foolishly think that my beloved is arriving. (He becomes agitated) When there is some hope to attain ones aspiration, a person becomes easily deceived, just as a cataka bird cries twice as much when the clouds arrive (hoping the rain will come). (Krsna becomes very attentive) How is it that I hear the tinkling of ankle bells nearby? (Craning his neck with expectation, he becomes agitated). My beloved has actually arrived! (He rushes to Candravalis side) The bumble bee of my heart is moved by the auspicious radiant fully-blossomed creeper of radhika. (He stops abruptly). This verse may also mean The bumble bee of my heart is moved by the fully blossomed creeper. You have an abundance of radiant auspciousness. (Candravali glances angrily at Madhumangala) (She takes it in the first sense). Madhumangala: (glancing at Candravali) O friend Candravali, my dear friend is describing your abundant auspicious qualities. (He takes the second meaning). Krsna: (embarrassed at the awkward situation, he says to himself) O why has he brought Candravali? I shall remedy the situation by flattering her. My friend has awakened Candravalis love for me, and she has quickly come here. (Bashful, Candravali places a vaijanti garland on Krsnas neck). Krsna: (jubilant) The many desires of the multitude of cakora birds become fulfilled when they serve the single moon. O beloved, you are as beautiful as many moons. It is not very amazing therefore that you delight the two cakora birds of my eyes, which are engaged in your service. Madhumangala: (proud) O friend, now you have seen how clever I am. Although you possess an unlimited number of transcendental qualities, you were not able to become free from your offense to your dear friend Candravali. I have now released you from that offense. Krsna: O friend, in relation to the pastimes of cupid, who wields an extra-ordinary bow of flowers, you are very expert at the political manoevres of making peace and making war. Padma: (speaking to Madhumangala) O pious boy, there are some blossoming malli flowers. Let us go and pick them. (Padma and Madhumangala exit). Krsna: (aside) I do not think that Radha has come to this forest. I shall go somewhere else. (Openly) O beloved, not very far from this place is a grove of fragrant naga-kesara trees. That place is as big and splendid as a city arena, therefore let us go there. (Krsna and Candravali exit). (Talking to Lalita, Radha enters) Radha: Friend, look, look! All the directions are covered by a terrible darkness.

Lalita: O dear friend, why have you decorated yourself with these dark ornaments which are suitable for a secret rendezvous in the middle of the night? Radha: Yes it is so. Lalita: (smiling she glances at Radha) You have places necklace of sapphires upon your braided hair, a garland of blue lotus flowers decorates your breasts, your eyes are decorated with black cosmetics and musk. O friend, I think that you have become greatly agitated with the desire to have a secret rendezvous with the enemy of Kamsa, and in this condition you have forgotten the entire world. Radha: Give up this joiking. Quickly show me the path to the grove of naga-kesara trees. Lalita: O dear friend, here it is. (Lalita timidly walks) O friend, covered with the dark cosmetic of night, your beautiful limbs move through the forest of Kadamba trees. Although you desire a secret rendezvous with the enemy of the Mura demon, your limbs, as splendid as bolts of lightening, pierce the great darkness O Radha, by thwarting your own desire for secrecy, you have become your own enemy. Radha: Stop these harsh words! Look we are near the grove of Bakula trees. The fragrance of Murari does not madden my nose, and the effulgence of his fingernails and toenails does not illuminate this forest. O dear friend, I suspect that your friend Krsna desires to play a joke upon us, and he is hiding in some secret place, covered by creepers. Lalita: O friend, come here. I see a grove of Kadamba trees on our left. Radha: (goes to Lalita) O clever boy, I see you. I see you. Why do you cover yourself with your hands. (She searches in all directions) Lalita: O friend, give up this searching. Come let us decorate Keli kunja. Radha: O lotus-eyed friend, please decorate the entrance to Keli-kunja with bakula flowers. Place a goblet of Madhvika nectar near the couch, and decorate the couch with lotus flowers. Please do this and Lord Hari will surely praise you for your skill. Lalita: (decorates the place in that way) Just see, Kanha is late. Let us enter the grove and wait for him. Radha: (agitated, walks about) I think that Hari has been stopped somewhere by Padma, who is devoted to pleasing her friend Candravali. For this reason, even though we have come to this cottage in the grove, he has not come here to meet us. Alas, the moon is now rising and delighting the eastern direction, which is presided over by the husband of Sachi, Indra. That moon is the enemy of beautiful girls who desire a secret rendezvous with their lovers. (They exit). (Krsna enters) Krsna: (looking in all directions) The bumblebees are no longer enthused to move among the lotus flowers, and the owls are looking for the trees where their nests are kept. The light of the pole-star is

gradually fading. IS the sun now eager to rise on the eastern mountains? I do not know if Radha will be greatly angry and disappointed because I have arrived so late. Yes, I shall go to the grove naga kesara trees and pick flowers. (He picks flowers and goes on) Radha will certainly say to her friend: O friend, even now that cheating Madhava has not come. How will she be able to pass the night in such great distress? (Walking on, Krsna sees the grove of Bakula trees and laments) Radha has thrown away the mixture of betel nuts and camphor, and she has discarded her charming necklace of emeralds. With her fingernails she has ripped apart the fragrant crown of flowers. In this way the grove proclaims Radhas great distress. (Walking ahead)This is the altar where Radha worships the sungod. I shall go near to it. (Accompanied by Lalita and Visaka, Radha enters). Radha: (looking ahead) O Lalita, look. Your handsome young man is standing near the altar. Lalita: O friend, become like a golden diety. Krsna: Here is my beloved accompanied by her friends. I shall go to speak to them. (He approaches them) O Lalita, well done, well done. Now I can see how you are an expert teacher in the matter of giving bad advice. At this altar in the forest, you have now initiated me in the vow of staying awake all night. Lalita: Ah, what treachery, you did not arrive until the rooster crowed! Resting on a couch of newly blossomed flowers, my friend waited for you. In your absence she considered a moment to be a kalpa. Krsna: (with feigned arrogance) Ah, she is expert at deception. (He points to the bakula flowers) Tonight, seeing my grief, this Bakula tree also became unhappy. The flowers of this tree continuall drip honey, as if they were eyes continually shedding tears. Lalita: Ah, he is deceptively clever. He used the word kesara which can mean either the inner part of the Bakula flowers, or the nagakesara flowers. Krsna: (pretending to be disgusted) O Lalita, please stop this clever playing with words. It is not you who are at fault, but I, who desire to befriend such golden-complexioned gopis, who are so eager to find fault with me. Note: Drsta-dosabhih can be interpreted to mean - one who finds fault with others, OR or who is himself full of fault. Vishaka: What fault do you see in the gopis? (She took the second meaning). Krsna: Look, look. Full of fresh, nectarean water, a charming dark cloud has appeared to alleviate the burning heat of the earht. Golden flashes of lightening appear in that cloud for a brief moment only. (Alternatre translation) Full of the nectarean mellow of conjugal love, the charming dark cloud of Krsna has appeared to alleviate the burning

distress of the earth. The golden flashes of lightening which are the gopis, stay in that cloud for a brief moment only. Vishaka: It is proper for the delicate gopis act in that way, Krsna is as harsh as a thunderbolt. Lalita: O Vishaka, please hear a certain song. (Pointing to a bee, she sings) After having abandoned this champak creeper, full of yellow flowers which are as splendid as fresh gold, this black bee is moving restlessly as if it were a dark streak of lightening. (Alternate translation) It seems like a fickle paramour of dark complexion has run away, after having abandoned this flower-like, fair complexioned girl, who is just like a champak creeper and whose beauty is enhanced by her deep love. Krsna: (smiles) You are certainly the queen of all those who speak eloquently. Lalita: Because you are speaking so proudly and fearlessly, I do not think that you are free from fault. Krsna: There is a very truthful common saying that youthful girls with crooked eyebrows cannot give up their contrariness. Hearing your eloquent words has not depressed me. On the contrary, now I, who have no superior in eloquent speech, have been conquered. Lalita: (concealing her actual intentions) Be merciful to Kanha. In truth he is depressed because he has stayed awake all night. Radha: (glances at him from the corners of her eyes) You are expert in the art of cheating the foolish. Krsna: (blissful) These blossomed kesara flowers shall decorate your braided hair. Please do not let my efforts go in vain. (He opens the package of flowers). O beloved look at these kesara flowers, the best of all fragrant things. I have now become aromatic just by holding them. Radha: (with a joking smile) You have become aromatic because of the sweet scent of Candravali. Krsna: O beloved, your joking words do not offend me. At this very moment the sweet scent of Candravali is indeed emanating from my body. Radha: (angrily turning away) O Lalita, dod you hear that! Krsna: (smiling) O beloved, why have you become so agitated just because of these syllables which also mean something else. By saying candravali I meant an abundance of camphor. Radha: (smiling) Give me the flowers. (She extends the corner of her sari). Krsna: (Looking at Radhas face, he says to himself) Ah, decorated with restlessness, the eyebrows of Radha are expert in the art of Tandava (fierce) dancing. Vishaka: (whispers) O Lalita, look, look. Because Radha has aimed the enchanting arrow of her side long glance at Kanha, he has become

bewildered and it not aware that he has placed his flute on the edge of Radhas sari along with the flowers. Lalita: The transcendental cowherd boys are not able to steal away the flute from the son of Nanda, even when he sleeps. The fortunate Radha has nevertheless bewildered him with the art of her side-long glance, and she has stolen away the flute, before his very eyes. Radha: (aside) This is the same flute which causes the gopis hands to become numbed when they perform their household duties. At nighttime this flute attracts the golden-complexioned gopis, even from the laps of their husbands. This flute loosens the gopis tight belts, even in the presence of their superiors. This rascal flute, the property of Gokulamangala is now under my control. Madhumangala: (from off-stage) O dear, you must have seen my dear friend. Krsna: How is it that Madhumangala is coming here? Madhumangala: (Holding a garland in his hand) I have heard from the mouth of Subala, that Radha is staying awake in the middle of theforest. I have therefore come to give her courage. (He approaches Radha) My dear friend, Radha, Krsna appears very charming, garlanded with many forest flowers. He wears glistening golden bracelets, and his limbs bear many decorative lines drawn in colourful mineral pigments. He is the Lord of all the worlds. How is it that, attracted by the waves of your side-long glance, he has become stunned, and now appears as a great dark stone? (Radha smiles). Krsna: O beloved, my dear friend knows how bewildered I become during the darkness of night. Radha: O noble boy, now out of affection and courtesy, please instruct me in how to cross over the ocean of this endless forest. Madhumangala: O friend, it is well that you should understand. You must have remained awake thinking the movements of the creepers was due to wild animals in the forest. All glories to you. Now you know that there are no wild animals here, there is only my dear friend and Lord. Now you can enter into the cottage without any fear, and sleep. Radha: O noble sir, why do you speakin in this way? Alas! In this forest, when I do not for a moment seet the series of moon which are the splendour of the tips of the nails of te enemy of Kamsa, then at once the rising moon wounds me and the merciless rising of the sun leaves me completely bereft of hope. In such a condition I am overcome by exhaustion and fatigue. (The first part of this verse may also be taken as follows) When, in the beginning it was seen that in Krsnas grove were the splendour of the tips of Candravalis nails, then...(etc.) Madhumangala: (He takes it in the second meaning) (aside) Alas, Radha has seen Candravali meet Krsna in this forest grove. I will give up trying to cheat her, I will simply flatter her. (He says openly) O

beautiful girl, when he could not see you, Gokulas prince became filled with despair. In that condition, Candravali....(Halfway through Madhumangalas verse Krsna knits his eyebrows, signalling him to stop. Struck with wonder, everyone gazes at each other). Madhumangala: (aside) Alas, alas! I am a brahmana boy who spoken very recklessly. Krsna: (reflecting) I have had a long night. Madhumangala is so exhausted that his throat is now choked with tears. I shall complete the verse he has begun. (Smiles) Madhumangala meant to say, clinging to the sight ofthe moon (and being reminded of you) I was somehow able to pass the night. (Candra-moon, avalina-clinging to) Madhumangala: Dear friend, you are omniscient, so its natural that you should know the second half of the verse I kept in my heart. Lalita: Radha, even now you are bewildered? Look at how the handsome limbs of this rake bear the marks of amorous pastimes. (Angrily she says in Sanskrit) My dear girl, turn your heart from this Krsna, whose chest is as splendid as a sapphire and whose side-long glances rest on the breasts of the young girls of Gokula. Do we not already know how this rake attracts respectable girls, pollutes them, and then fearlessly leaves them? Radhika: Alas! Alas! I have been cheated! Krsna: Beloved, you rebuke me without any good reason. Radhika: (taunting him she says in Sanskrit) I know that your eyes are red because some pollen fell in them when, without blinking, you searched for the path to come to me. And I know that the wound on your bimba-fruit lips was created by the cold forest wind. My lord, do not fear I am not criticising you. I have simply been struck by my own destiny. Krsna: Beloved. I am your submissive servant. I fear even to decorate you. (With ornaments). Radhika: In all the worlds you are famous as the supreme independent. How is it possible for you to become the submissive, dependent servant of me? Krsna: I am not alone in my subordination to you. My ten incarnations are also your subordinates. My fish incarnation, Matsya is subordinate to the fish which are your restless eyes. My tortoise incarnation, Kurma is subordinate to the 2 beautiful turtles of your breasts. My boar incarnation, Varaha, subordinates himself to the association of your throbbing chest. My Nrsimha incarnation, who delights Prahlada, subordinates himself to your delightful lips. My Vamana incarnation who bound Bali with ropes is also subordinate to your waist which is bound by a slight fold of skin. My incarnations of Ramacandra, Parasurama, and Balarama are subdued by the beauty of your face. My Buddha incarnation subordinates himself to your intensely beautiful body. My incarnation of Kalki has been subdued by the quarrelsome, crooked nature of your heart.

Radhika: Ah! Lalita! Now have you heard! Lalita: O Kanha, your incarnations all remain within your self. We can clearly see the symptoms of these incarnations in your character. You possess the restlessness of Matsya, the hardness of Kurma, Varahas tendency to touch the earth, the cruel fingernails of Narasinga, the expertise at cheating of Vamana, the charming moon-like glow of the destroyer of Ravanas dynasty, the untiring persistence of Parasurama, the intoxication of Balaraam, Buddhas wish to torment sacrificial performances and Kalkis ability to overcome all obstacles in order to have a climatic end to his pastimes. Clearly, therefore, Matsya and all the other incarnations are splendidly manifested within you. (Notetouching the earth (go-sangatih) can also be translated as associating with cows) Krsna: (smiles) Friend, look! Look! Lalita has become unfriendly, Radha has become my enemy. I am now burning in pain and the branchless tree named Vishaka is unable to give me any shade. (Taking a garland of malli flowers from the hands of Madhumangala. Krsna bows down before Radha and speaks the following praises) Krsna: O Radha, just like you, this garland is very precious, splendid, delicate and very fragrant. Let it be the pathway that leads to your heart. I pray that this garland may become like the celestial river Ganges which beautifies the Lord Sivas head of your breasts, which are the abode of crescent-moon-shaped fingernail scratches. (Moving his eyebrows, Krsna tries to gain Vishakas sympathy. He hands the garland to her and she in turn places the garland before Radha). **Missing 4.45-4.51 Act 5 Act 6 Act 7 Epilogue Sri Vidagdha-Madhava Clever Krsna

Act one Veu-nda-vilsa Pastimes of Flute-music Prastvan (Prologue)

Text 1 sudhnm cndrim madhurimonmda-daman dadhn rdhdi-praaya-ghana-srai surabhitm samantt santpodgama-viama-sasra-saraprat te t haratu-ll-ikharii sudhnmof the nectar; cndrimproduced on the moon; api even; madhurimthe sweetness; unmda-damanioverpowering the pride; dadhndistributing; rdh-diof rmat Rdhr and Her companions; praa-ghanaof teh concentrated loving affairs; sraiby the essence; su-rabhitma good fragance; samantt everywhere; santpamiserable conditions; udgamagenerating; viamavery dangerous; sasra-saraion the path of material existence; praitmcreated; teyour; tmdesires; haratulet it take away; hari-llthe pastimes of r Ka; ikhariiexactly like a combination of yogurt and sugar candy. May the pastimes of r Ka reduce the miseries existing in the material world and nullify all unwanted desires. The pastimes of the Supreme Personality of Godhead are like ikhari, a blend of yogurt and sugar candy. They overpower the pride of even the nectar produced on the moon, for they distribute the sweet fragrance of the concentrated loving affairs of rmat Rdhr and the gops.* Text 2 anarpita-cari cirt karuayvatira kalau sampayitum unnatojjvala-rasm sva-bhaktiriyam hari puraa-sundara-dyuti-kadamba-sandipita sad hdaya-kandare sphuratu va aci-nandana anarpitanot bestowed; carimhaving been formerly; cirtfor a long time; karuayby causeless mercy; avatradescended; kalauin the age of Kali; samarpayitumto bestow; unnataelevated; ujjvala-rasmthe conjugal mellow; sva-bhaktiof His own service; riyamthe treasure; harithe Supreme Lord; puraathan gold; sundaramore beautiful; dyutiof splendor; kadambawith a multitude; sandpitailluminated; sadalways; hdaya-kandare in the cavity of the heart; sphuratulet Him be manifest; vayour; ac-nandanathe son of mother ac.

May the Supreme Lord, who is known as the son of rmat acdev, be transcendentally situated in the innermost core of your heart. Resplendent with the radiance of molten gold, He has descended in the age of Kali by His causeless mercy to bestow what no incarnation has ever offered before: the most elevated mellow of devotional service, the mellow of conjugal love.* Purport by rla Prabhupda: This verse also appears in Caitanya-caritmta Adi-ll (1.4 and 3.4) In his commentary on Vidagdha-mdhava, rla Vivantha Cakravart hkura remarks: mah-prabho sphrti vin rassvdannupapatter iti bhva. Without the mercy of r Caitanya Mahprabhu, one cannot describe the pastimes of the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Therefore rla Rpa Gosvm said, va yumka hdaya-guhy ac-nandano hari pake, siha sphuratu: May r Caitanya Mahprabhu, who is exactly like a lion that kills all the elephants of desire, be awakened within everyone's heart, for by His merciful blessings one can understand the transcedental pastimes of Ka."* Text 3 (a) stradhra: alam ati-vistarea. bho bho. samkaryata. adyna svapnntare samdio 'smi bhaktvatrea bhagavat rakaradevena yath "aye tava-kal-paita. iha kila ballav-cakraceto-vtti-makar-vihra-makarlayasya niravadya-veu-vdanavidysvdhyya-siddhn prathamdhypakasya sugandhipupval-saundarya-tuilym aravinda-bndhavanandind-trntaknana-lekhym avalambita-matta-pus-kokila-llasya paramnandavardhini govardhana-nitambe sambhta-navymbudrasya kiora-iromaer nanda-nandanasya prema-bharka-hdayo nn-digdeata smprata rasika-sampradyo vndvana-vilokanotkahay kei-trthopakahe samyivn. sa ca dhanya. stradhraNarrator (rla Rpa Gosvm); alamenough; ati great; vistareawith this elaborate description; bhogentlemen; bhogentlemen; samkaryatmthis should be heard; adya today; ahamI; svapnasleep; antarewithin; samdia instructed; asmiI am; bhaktaas a devotee; avatreawho has incarnated; bhagavatby the Supreme Personality of Godhead; r-

akara-devenaby Lord iva; yathin the following manner; ayeO; tavaof dancing; kalin the art; paitalearned; ihahere; kila indeed; ballavof the gops; cakraof the multitude; cetaof the minds; vttinature; sakarsharks; makara-layasyaof the ocean; niravadyaperfect; veuflute; vdanaplaying; vidyof the knowledge; svdhyyastudy; siddhnm-prathamfirst; adhypakasyaof the teacher; sugandhiaromatic; pupaof flowers; valbecause of the multitude; saundaryabeauty; tunilym expanded; aravindaof the lotus flowers; bndhavaof the friend (the sun-god); nandinof the daughter (the Yamun river); traof the shore; nataat the edge; knanaforest; lekhymseries; avalambitarested; mattamaddened; pumale; kokilaof a cuckoo; llasyapastimes; paramasupreme; nandabliss; vardhini increasing; govardhanaof Govardhana Hill; nitambeon the slope; sambhtaheld; navyafresh; ambudaof clouds; ambarasyaof prowess; kioraof youths; ira-maeof the crown jewel; nanda of Nanda Mahrja; nandanasyaof the son; premaof love; bhra with an abundance; kaattracted; hdayahearts; nn various; dik-deatafrom directions; smpratamat the present moment; rasikaof those who are expert at relishing the mellows of devotional service; sampradyacommunity; vndvana Vndvana; vilokanathe sight; utkahaywith a desire; kei-trtha the place known as Kei-trtha; upakahenear; samyivn arrived; sathat community; caand; dhanyafortunate. Narrator: Why speak so many words? Gentlemen! Gentlemen! Please hear me! Last night Lord iva, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, who had come in the role of a devotee, spoke to me in a dream and said: "O Rpa Gosvm, O expert writer of plays, this delightful place is near Kei-trtha, on the slope of Govardhana hill. This grove, on the bank of the Yamun river, is very pleasant and full of many fragrant beautiful flowers. At this moment, eager to see the forest of Vndvana, the advanced devotees, expert at relishing the mellows of devotional service, have come here, devotees whose hearts are full of love for Nanda's son, who is the crown jewel of all youths, and who is decorated with many new lotus flowers, playful like a maddened cuckoo, the first teacher of perfect flute players, and an ocean where the sharks of the gops' hearts play. The devotees here are all very fortunate. Text 3 (b) kta gop-vndair iha bhagavato mrgaam abhd

ihst klind-pulina-valaye rsa-rabhasa iti rya rva caritam asakd gokula-pater luhann udbpo 'ya katham api dinni kapayati ktamperformed; gopof gops; vndaiby the multitudes; ihahere; bhagavatafor the Supreme Personality of Godhead; mrgaamsearching; abhtwas; ihahere; astwas; klindof the Yamun river; pulinaon the shore; valayein the grove; rsaof the rsa dance; rabhasawith the joy; itithus; rvam rvam repeatedly hearing; caritamthe pastimes; asaktagain and again; gokulaof Gokula; pateof the Lord (r Ka); luhanrolling on the ground; udbpafull of tears; ayamthis; katham apiwith great difficulty; dinnidays; kapayatipass. " `Here the gops searched for Ka, and here, in this circle by the Yamun's shore, they enjoyed a great rsa dance.' Hearing and hearing these pastimes of Gokula's master, weeping, and rolling on the ground, the devotees somehow pass their days. Text 4 (a) tad idnm etasya bhakta-vndasya mukunda-vileeddpanena bahir bhavanta pr kam api tasyaiva keli-sudh-kallolinm ullsayat parirakay bhavat. mat-kpaiva te smagr samagrayiyati" iti. tendiya jagad-guror asya nideam evnuvartiye tattherefore; idnmnow; etasyaof this; bhaktaof devotees; vdasyaof the community; mukundaof Mukunda; vileaof separation; uddpanenawith the stimulus; bahioutside; bhavantagoing; prlife airs; km apisome; tasyaof Him; evacertainly; keliof the pastimes; sudhof the nectar; kallolinm river; ullasayatmanifesting; parirakayshould be protected; bhavatby you; matmy; kpmercy; evacertainly; teyour; smagrmcomplete assemblage; samagrayiyatiwill fully provide; itithus; tenaby that; adyatoday; jagatof the universe; guroof the spiritual master (Lord iva); asyaof him; nideamorder; eva certainly; anuvartiyeI shall obey. "Burning in separation from Lord Mukunda, these devotees are now about to give up their lives. O Rpa Gosvm, please protect them, by giving them a little of the nectar river of Lord Mukunda's pastimes. My

mercy will give you the power to do this." In this way Lord iva, the spiritual master of the universe, spoke. I will now obey His order. Text 4 (b) priprvikah: (praviya) bhva, bhavat nibaddhasya vidagdhamdhava-nmno navna-nakasya prayognusrea ghtabhmik kulav raga-praveya tatra-bhavantam anujpayanti. stradhra: mria, nirmita kim iti tan-naka-paripbhir varik-parigraha (kaa vimya) bhavatu. priprvikaAssitant Narrator (A student of Rpa Gosvm); praviyahaving entered; bhvaO learned master; bhavatby you; nibaddhasyacomposed; vidagdha-mdhavaVidagdha-Mdhava; nmnaaccording to customs; ghtahaving heard; bhmikthe introduction; kulavactors; ragaon the stage; praveyafor entrance; tatrathere; bhavantamto you; anujpayantiask permission; stradhraNarrator; mriamy dear student; nirmita created; kimwhat?; itithus; tatthat; nakaof the play; paripbhiby the arrangements; varik-parigrahathe costumes of the various actors; kaamfor a moment; vimya reflecting; bhavatulet it be. Assitant Narrator: (enters) O master, having heard the prologue of your new play, named Vidagdha-Mdhava, the actors now ask permission to enter the stage. Narrator: Dear student, Are the costumes ready? (thinks for a moment) So be it. Text 4 (c) mamsmin sandarbhe yad api kavit ntilalit muda dhsyanty asy tad api hari-gandhd budha-ga apa lagrmplavana-garimodgra-saras sudh ko v kaupr api namita-mrdh na pibati mamamy; asminin this; sandarbheliterary composition; yat apialthough; kavitpoetry; nanot; ativery; lalitbeautiful; mudamdelight; dhsyantiwill experience; asymin it; tat api

nevertheless; hariof Lord Hari; gandhtfrom the fragrance; budhagathe learned devotees; apawater; lagrmalagrma stone; plavanabath; garimasignificance; udgraremaining; sarasfull of nectar; sudhintelligent; kawho?; vor; kaup from a well; apieven; anmitaoffering obeisances; murdhwith his head; nanot; pibatidrinks. Although the poetry in my play is not very beautiful, the wise will take delight in it, for it bears the scent of Lord Hari. What wise man will not bow his head and respectfully drink well-water that has washed a lagrma-l? Text 5 (a) priprvika bhva, raga-lakm-kauala-stutibhir eva sabhyn abhyrthaymahe, yad am vidydibhir devn api tn uplabdhum utsahante kim uta nan asmn priprvikaAssistant Narrator; bhvaO learned master; raga on the stage; lakmopulence; kaualaskillfulness; stutibhi with prayers; evacertainly; sabhynto the respected audience; abhyarthaymahewe appeal; sabhynto the respected audience; yatbecause; amthese; vidy-dibhiwith their expert knowledge; devnthe demigods; apieven; tnthem; uplabdhum to criticize; utsahanteare able; kim utawhat to speak; nan actors; asmnus. Assistant Narrator: O master, please give us beautiful and elegant speeches, for this audience is so learned it will criticize the demigods, what to speak of us actors. Text 5 (b) stradhra: mria, ktam etay vthopacra-caryay, yata stradhraNarrator; mriamy dear student; ktamenough; etaywith this; vth-upacra-caryayfrivolousness; yata because.

Narrator: Dear student, why talk in this frivolous way? After all. . . Text 5 (c) aprekya klamam tmane vidadhati prty pare priya lajjante duritodyamd iva nija-stotrnubandhd api vidy-vitta-kuldibhi ca yad am ynti kramn namrat ramy kpi satm iya vijayate naisargik prakriy aprekyanot having seen; klamamsweariness; tmaaof the self; vidadhaticreates; prtywith love; paremof others; priyam dear; lajjantebecome ashamed; durita-udyamtbecause of a sinful deed; ivajust as; nijaown; stotraprayers; anubandht because of many; apieven; vidyknowledge; vittawealth; kula birth in a high family; dibhietc.; caand; yatbecause; am these; yntigo; kramtgradually; namratmto the state of ??; ramybeautiful; k apisomeone; satmof the saintly persons; iyamthis; vijayateall glories; naisargiknatural; prakriy conduct. Ignoring their own welfare, the people in this audience are concerned only for the well-being of others. Although wealthy, welleducated and born in exalted families, they are very humble. When they themselves glorified, they become embarrassed, as if they themselves had sinned. All glories to the delightful virtues of this saintly audience. Text 6 (a) (samantd avalokya, saharam uccai) haho ballava-siha-priy. bhagavad-dharmajoh-gurm api yumka samksa rohum upakramate, tad im kamadhva cpalrabham. (iti saprama payam) samanttin all directions; avalokyahaving glanced; saharam cheerfully; uccaiwith a loud voice; hahaO; ballavaof the cowherd men; sihaof the lion (r Ka); priydear devotees; bhagavatof the Lord; dharmaof the path of religion; jnoh knowing; gurmspiritual masters; apiand; yumkamof you; samkamin the presence; kim apigreatly; eahe; vivakamadesiring to speak; tavikaactor; nirapatrapm

without shame; padavmto the path; rohumto ascend; upakramateapproaches; tattherefore; immthis; kamadhvam please forgive; cpalabecause of insolence; arabhamboldness; iti thus; sapramamwith bowing down; payanseeing. (Looking at all corners of the audience, with a loud and cheerful voice) O dear devotees of r Ka, the lion of gopas! Beginning to walk on the path of the shameless, a certain actor now wishes to say something to you, the spiritual masters wise in the true religion of worshiping the Lord. Please forgive this rash and arrogant person. (He bows down and then looks in a certain direction.) Text 6 (b) abhivyakt matta prakti-laghu-rpd api budh vidhtr siddhrthn hari-gua-may va ktir iyam pulindenpy agni kim u samidham -unmathya janito hiraya-reinm apaharati nnta-kaluatm abhivyaktmanifested; mattafrom me; praktiby nature; laghu-rptsituated in a lower position; apialthough; budhO learned devotees; vidhtrwhich may bring about; siddha-arthnall the objects of perfection; hari-gua-mayiwhose subject matter is the attributes of Ka; vaof you; ktithe poetic play known as Vidagdha-mdhava; iyamthis; pulindenaby the lowest class of men; apialthough; agnia fire; kimuwhether; samidhamthe wood; unmathyarubbing; janitaproduced; hirayaof gold; reinmof quantities; apaharativanquishes; nanot; anta inner; kaluatmdirty things. O learned devotees, I am by nature ignorant and low, yet even though it is from me that Vidagdha-Mdhava has come, it is filled with descriptions of the transcendental attributes of the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Therefore, will not such literature bring about the attainment of the highest goal of life? Although its wood may be ignited by a low-class man, fire can nevertheless purify gold. Although I am very low by nature, this book may help cleanse the dirt from within the hearts of the golden devotees.* Text 7 (a)

tad idnm abha deva bhagavantam anusmtya ntyamdhurm ullsaymi. (ity ajali baddhv) tattherefore; idnmnow; abha devamworshipable deity; bhagavantamthe Supreme Personality of Godhead; anusmtya remembering; ntyaof the drama; mdhurmsweetness; ullsaymiI will manifest; itithus; ajalim baddhvfolds his hands. Now, remembering the worshipable Supreme Personality of Godhead, I will show the sweetness of this drama. (He folds his hands.) Text 7 (b) prapanna-madhurodaya sphurad-amanda-vndavnikujamaya-maapa-prakara-madhya-baddha-sthiti nirakua-kpmbudhir vraja-vihra-rajyan-man santana-tanu sad mayi tanotu tui prabhu prapannaattained for the surrended souls); madhurathe rasa of conjugal love (or kindness); udayaarisal; sphuratsplendid; amandagreat; vnd-avforest of Vndvana; nikuja-mayafull of groves; maapaof pavillions (or temples); prakarawith multitudes; madhya-baddha-sthitiin the center; nirakua unchecked; ; kpmercy; ambudhiocean; vrajain Vraja; vihra pastimes; rajyattaking delight; manmind; santanaeternal (or Santana Gosvm); tanuform; sadalways; mayito me; tanotu may extend; tuimdelight; prabhumaster. May the Supreme Lord, whose form is eternal, who is supremely sweet and charming, who stays in the glorious forests and pavilions of Vndvana forest, who is a limitless ocean of mercy, and whose heart delights in His Vraja pastimes, always be pleased with me. Note: Deliberately ambiguous, this verse may also be interpreted as a prayer to rla Santana Gosvm. Thus it may also mean: May my spiritual master, rla Santana Gosvm, who is graceful and charming, who stays in the glorious forests and pavilions of Vndvana forest, who is a limitless ocean of mercy, and whose heart delights in Lord Ka's Vraja pastimes, always be pleased with me.

Text 8 (a) priprvika: bhva, paya. priprvikahAssistant Narrator; bhvaO master; payajust see. Assistant Narrator: Master, look! Text 8 (b) bhaktnm udagd anargala-dhiy vargo nisargojjvala lai pallavita sa ballava-vadh-bandho prabandho 'py asau lebhe catvarat ca tdava-vidher vndav-garbha-bhr manye mad-vidha-puya-maala-parpko 'yam unmilati bhaktnmof devotees; udagthas appeared; anargala-dhiym constantly thinking of Rdh-Ka; vargathe assembly; nisargaujjvalanaturally very advanced; laiwith natural poetic decorations; pallavitaspread like the leaves of a tree; sathat; ballava-vadh-bandhaof the friend of the gops, r Ka; prabandhaa literary composition; apieven; asauthat; lebhehas achieved; catvaratmthe quality of a quadrangular place with level ground; caand; tava-vidhefor dancing; vnd-aaviof the forest of Vndvana; garbha-bhthe inner grounds; manyeI consider; mat-vidhaof persons like me; puya-madalaof groups of pious activities; paripkathe full development; ayamthis; unmlatiappears. The devotees now present are constantly thinking of the Supreme Lord and are therefore highly advanced. This work named VidadghaMdhava depicts the characteristic pastimes of Lord Ka with decorations of poetic ornaments. And the inner grounds of the forest of Vndvana provide a suitable platform for the dancing of Ka with the gops. Therefore I think that the pious activities of persons like us, who have tried to advance in devotional service have now attained maturity.*

Text 9 (a) tat tvarasva rasa-mdhur-pariveaya stradhra: mria, nrasval-vaimukhyd viakamno mathara ivsmi priprvika: bhva, ktam atra akay. yata. tattherefore; tvarasvaplease hurry; rasaof the mellows of trasncendental pastimes; mdhurof the sweetness; pariveaya for their distrubution; StradhraNarrator; mriamy dear servant; nrasaof those who have no taste for this nectar; valof the multitude; vaimhytbecause of the aversion; viakamna frightened; mantharaslow; ivaas if; asmiI am; priprvika Assistant Narrator; bhvaO master; ktamwhat is the use?; atra here; akaywith caution; yatabecause. Please hurry. Distribute the nectar of Ka's pastimes. Narrator: Dear student, I proceed very slowly because I fear the harsh words of persons who do not like the nectar of the Lord's pastimes. Assitant Narrator: Master, please give up this caution, because..... Text 9 (b) udsat nma rasnabhij ktau tavm rasik sphuranti kramelakai kmam upekite 'pi pik sukha ynti para rasle uasatmlet them be indifferent; nmaindeed; rasawith the transcendental mellows; anabhijunaquainted; ktauin the creation; tavayour; amthese; rasikthose who are expert at relishing the transcendental mellows; sphurantishine; kramelakai by camels; kmamvoluntarily; upakiteneglected; apialthough; pikcuckoos; sukhamhappiness; yntigo; paramsupreme; raslemango tree. Persons who know how to taste nectar will be delighted by your play, and persons who know nothing of nectar will ignore it. Of their own accord camels avoid the mango trees that delight the poetic pika birds.

Text 10 (a) tad rabhyat smjika-ceta-camatkrya gndharva-brahmavidy. stradhra: mria, paya paya. tattherefore; rabhyatmmay begun; smjikaof the audience; cetaof the minds; camatkryafor the delight; gndharva-brahma-vidymusic; StradhraNarrator; mriamy dear student; payalook at this; payalook at this. So the hearts of the audience will be filled with wonder, let the play begin. Narrator: Student, look! Look! Text 10 (b) so 'yam vasanta-samaya yasmin pra tam varam upoha-navnurgam gha-grah ruciray saha rdhaysau ragya sagamayit nii pauramsi sathat; ayamthis; vasanta-samayaspringtime; samijyya had arrived; yasminin which; pramthe complete; tamHim; varamthe Supreme Personality of Godhead; upodhobtained; nava-anurgamnew attachment; gha-grahwhich covered the stars; rucirayvery beautiful; sahawith; rdhayrmat Rdhr; asauthat full-moon night; ragyafor increasing the beauty; sagamayitcaused to meet; niiat night; pauramsthe full-moon night. Springtime had arrived, and the full moon of that season inspired the Supreme Personality of Godhead, who is complete in everything, with new attraction to meet the beautiful rmat Rdhr at night to increase the beauty of Their pastimes.* Purport by rla Prabhupda:

rla Bhaktivinoda hkura interprets this verse in two ways, for Lord Ka and for rmat Rdhr. When interpreted for Ka, the night is understood to have been a dark moon night, and when interpreted for rmat Rdhr, it is considered to have been a full moon night. Text 11 (a) aye nartaka-smanta-srvabhauma, katha bhavata karapurbht bha nigdheya sandarbha-majari, yad aha rdhay srdham vara ta sagamayiymti. stradhra: (savismaya nepathybhimukham avalokya) aho, katham ita eva bhagavat paurams. paya paya. nepathyein the actor's dressing room; ayeO; nartakaof actors; smantacomplete; srvabhaumaO absolute monarch; katham how?; bhavatayour; kara-puran ornament for the ears; bht become; bhamindeed; nighconcealed; iyamthis; sandarbha in the form of words; majarbouquet of flowers; yatbecause; ahamI; rdhayby rmat Rdhr; srdhamaccompanied; varamthe Supreme Personality of Godhead; tamHim; sagamayiymiwill I bring together; itithus; stradhra Narrator; sa-vismayamwith amazement; nepathyaof the actor's dressing rooms; abhimukhamin the direction; avalokyahaving seen; ahaO; kathamhow?; itain this direction; evacertainly; bhagavatcelebrated; pauramsPaurams; payajust see; payajust see. Paurams: (offstage) O king of actors, how did your ear become decorated with the flower that is the secret of this drama, the secret that I will arrange the meeting of Rdh and Ka? Narrator: (surprised, he looks offstage) Ah! Was that saintly Paurams? Look! Look! Text 11 (b) vahant kymbaram urasi sndpani-mune savitr svitr-samarucir ala pura-kac surare iyeya parijanavat nandabhavand ito manda manda sphuam uajavthim praviati

vahantcarrying; kyareddish; ambaramgarments; urasi on the breast; sndpaniof Sndpani; muneof the sage; savitr mother; svitrwith Svitr-dev, the wife of Lord Brahm; sama equal; rucisplendor; alamgreatly; purawhite; kachair; suraof the demigods; eof the sage (Nrada); iystudent; iyamshe; parijanavatwith a friend; nandaof Nanda Mahrja; bhavantfrom the house; itahere; mandam mandamslowly; sphuamclearly; uajaof houses; vthmseries (the street); praviatienters. Wearing a red cloth over her breast, her hair white, splendid like Goddess Svitr, and accompanied by a friend, Paurams, who is Nrada's disciple and Sndpani Muni's mother, now leaves Nanda's palace and slowly walks on the street. Text 11 (c) tad vm agrata karanya varnikgkram locayva (iti nikrantau) prastvan tatthat; vamwe; apieven; agratain the beginning; karayamto be done; varikcostumes and make-up; ag-kram acceptance; locayvawe see; itithus; nidrantauthey exit; prastvanprologue. Let us see if the actors are in their costumes. (They exit.) Thus ends the prologue.

Scene 1 Text 12 (a) (tata praviati sa-parijan paurams.)

paurams: ("aye nartaka-smanta:" iti pahitv) hanta vatse nndmukhi. kim api kamanya gyat sphuam nanditsmi naendrea. nnd: bhaavadi. ki jahattha edam tatathen; praviatienters; sawith; parijanher companion; pauramsPaurams; ayeO; nartakaof actors; smanta complete; itithus; nndmukhiNndmukh; kim apigreatly; kamanyambeautifully; gyatby the singing; sphuamcertainly; nanditadelighted; asmiI am; naa-indreaby the Narrator; nndNndmukh; bhaavadiO revered mother; kimwhether; kkhuindeed; jahatthamtrue; edamthis. (Paurams enters with her companion) Paurams: O king of actors, how did your ear become decorated with the flower that is the secret of this drama, the secret that I will arrange the meeting of Rdh and Ka? Child Nndmukh, by singing this verse, the narrator pleased me. Nnd: Noble lady, did he speak the truth? Text 12 (b) paurams: sambhvyate phalam alambita-mla-pues tat tda kva mama bhgya-taror varoru yennayo subhagayor ucit bhaveya gra-mgalikayor nava-sngamya pauramsPaurami; sambhvyateis produced; alambhita not attained; mlaof the root; pueof the nourishment; tatthat; tdamlike that; kvawhere?; mamamy; bhgyaof good fortune; taroof the tree; vara-uruO beautiful girl; yenaby which; anayoof the two; subhagayohauspicious and beautiful; ucit proper; bhaveyammay I become; grapastimes of amorous love; mgalikayoauspicious; navanew; sagamyafor a meeting. Paurams: O girl with the beautiful thighs, the tree of my good fortune is withered at the root. How will it produce a fruit like that, a fruit that will make me qualified to arrange a new meeting of the beautiful and auspicious divine couple?

Text 13 (a) nnd: bhaavadi, ja-i visahu-andin rhi- kahea sagamaijja, tado sagamu-lavsa go-ula ujjhi-a sntau-vsasae bhu-titthe ki ti e sagovi-a rakkhid s. nndNndmukh; bhaavadiO respected mother; ja-iif; viahuVabhnu; andinthe daughter; rhi-rmat Rdhr; tu-eby you; kaheawith Ka; sagamanijjwill be united; tadathen; sagamafor a meeting; au-lafavorable; vsamresidence; go-ulamGokula, vndvana; ujjhi-aabandoning; sntau-vsantanu-vsa; saenamed; bhnu-tittheholy place; ki tiwhy?; esathis; sangovi-ahaving concealed; rakkhid protected; swas. Nnd: Noble lady, if you are destined to arrange Vabhnunandin Rdh's meeting with Lord Ka, then why did Rdh leave the land of Gokula, which is so favorable for that meeting, and secretly reside in the sacred village of ntanu-vsa? Text 13 (b) paurams: vatse, nasata kasa-bhpate akay nnd: bhaavadi, tahavi kaha ra-vid rh pauramsPaurams; vatsemy dear child; nasata cruel; kasaKasa; bhpateking; akaybecause of fear; nnd Nndmukh; bhaavadiO respected mother; tahavinevertheless; kahamhow?; raby King Kasa; vidperceived; rh rmat Rdhr. Paurams: Because She fears cruel King Kasa, my child. Nnd: Noble lady, how did the king learn about Rdh? Text 13 (c) paurams: rdh-saundarya-vndam eva vijne nidnam. yata.

lokottar gua-r prathayati parito nigham api vastu pihitm api prayatnd vyanakti kastrik gandha rdhof rmat Rdhr; saundaryaof the beauty; vndam abundance; evacertainly; vijnein knowledge; nidnamcause; yatabecause; loka-uttaraextraordinary; guaof transcendental qualities; ropulence; nighamconfidential; apialthough; vastuworthy object; pihitmconcealed; apialthough; prayatnt with great endeavor; vyanaktimanifests; kastrikmmusk; gandhaaroma. Paurams: He learned about Rdh's great beauty in this way: Even if one carefully hides it, musk's sweet scent at once reveals where it is. In the same way, even though they were carefully hidden, Rdh's beauty and virtues became known everywhere. Text 14 (a) nnd: bha-avadi, jao--dhatt-e muhur-e attao atti rhi- go-ula-majjhe -a jail-puttassa ahimauo hatthe uvvhid tti, tdisa jevva asamajasa paidam. ja kahdo aena purisea tdis na kara-pasa asajjam. t kaha tuma iccint vi-a dsasi. bhaavadiO respected mother; jao-with Yaod; dhatt-e mother; muhur-ewith Mukhur; attaaown; attigranddaughter; rhi-rmat Rdhr; go-ulaGokula; majjhein the middle; -ahaving brought; jailof Jatila; puttassaof the son; ahimauaof Abhimanyu; hatthein the hand; uvvhidmarried; ttithus; tdisamlike him; jevvacertainly; asamajasam unsuitable; paiamhappened; jamthan whom; kahadathan Ka; annenaby another; puriseaby a man; tdisamof those like that; karaof the hand; pasamtouch; asajjamunbearable; t therefore; kahamhow?; tuamyou; iccintunconcerned; via-a as if; dsasiare seen. Nnd: Noble lady, Yaod's nurse, Mukhar, brought her granddaughter Rdh to Gokula. Rdh then accepted the hand of Abhimanyu, the son of Jail, in marriage. A more unsuitable match could not have been made! Rdh cannot tolerate the touch of the

hand of any man other than Ka. O mother, how can you remain aloof when this is happening? Text 14 (b) paurams: tasyaiva heto nnd: kaha vi-a paurams: (vihasya) tad vacandyartham eva svaya udvhdikam. nitya-preyasya eva khalu t kasya. nnd: (saharam) t a tuma iccintsi savut, ja es ajja go-ula-majjhe d. paurams: Vatse, satya bravi. kasata cint me aithilyam ivopalabdh, kintu dubhimanyuta sphuta any smpratam ajania. nnd: keris s tasyaof that; evacertainly; hetofrom what cause?; kaham viahow is this possible?; vihasyalaughing; tatof him; vacan deception; dietc.; arthamfor the purpose; evacertainly; svayam Himself; yogamyayby His energy of yogamy; mithyin an inverted way; evacertainly; pratyyitamconfidential messenger; tat him; vidhnmof those who are similar; udvhamarriage; dikam etc.; nityaeternal; preyasyaimost beloved; evacertainly; khalu indeed; tthey; kasyaof Ka; saharamjoyfully; t therefore; amat present; tumamyou; niccintwithout concern; asiare; savutawithdrawn; jambecause; esshe; ajjaat present; go-ulaof Gokula; majjhein the middle; dis brought; vatseO child; satyamthe truth; braviyou are speaking; kasatafrom Kasa; cintanxious consideration; memy; aithilyamdiminution; ivaas it were; upalabdhattained; kintu but; duawicked; abhimanyutafrom Abhimanyu; sphuam certainly; anyanother; smpratamnow; ajaniais born; keris like what; sis it? Paurams: Why should I care? Nnd: How can you talk like that? Paurams: (laughing) This false marriage of Rdh and Abhimanyu is simply a trick that Yogamy has played to cheat Kasa. Rdh and all the other gops are Ka's lovers eternally. Nnd: (joyfully) And now that Rdh has returned to Gokula, you are free of all worries. Paurams: Child, what you say is true. My worry about Kasa is now less, although now I am beginning to worry about Abhimanyu.

Nandi: Why is that? Text 14 (c) paurams: ballav-nava-latsu ragia ka-bhga adhigatya matsar rdhik-puraa-padminm aya netum icchati punar vanntaram ballavof the gops; navayoung; latsuamong the creepers; ragiamdelighting; kaof r Ka; bhgamthe bumble-bee; adhigatyahaving discovered; matsarjealous; radhikof rmat Rdhr; puraagolden; padminmlotus flower; ayamthis; netumto lead; icchatidesires; punaagain; vanaMathur; antaramwithin. Paurams: Noticing that the black bumblebee of Ka is fond of playing among the new-flowering vines of the gops, Abhimanyu has become jealous. Now he desires to take the golden lotus flower Rdh to another forest. Text 15 (a) nnd: tatthavi jo-am-a jjevva samha karispadi paurams: putri, ko jnti svatantrys tasy caritam, yadde 'rthe tatsthyate. tattthavisomeplace; jo-am-the Lord's energy of Yogamy; jjevvacertainly; samhamcrucial incident; karissadiwill create; putriO daughter; kawho?; jntiunderstand; svatantry undependent; tasyher; caritampastime; yadiif; dein this way; arthemeaning; sshe; taasthyatestands aloof. Nnd: Now Yogamy will act. Paurams: Daughter, independent Yogamy now stands aloof. Who understands her actions?

Text 15 (b) nnd: ao v ettha ko 'vi uv-o tthi jea eso paibaddho bhave. paurams: vatse, tatra may pratibhuv bhavanty yuktimdhur-medurea vg-argalena nisargd agambhro 'ya vikambhito 'sti. nnd: (saharam) bhaavadi, kasassa go-maalajjhakkho goahao kahusri cand-al-carittea kudo na kuppa-e. Paurams: putri, rja-kulopalabdhena gauravea garvito 'yam vyaktam api tan na raddadhti. aaanother; vor; etthahere; ka visomething; uv remedy; tthithere is; jenaby which; paibaddhaobstructed; bhavemay be; vatseO child; tatrathere; mayby me; pratibhuvsecurity; bhavantyis; yuktiby a stragem; mdhur with sweetness; medureathick; vkof words; argalenaby the impediment; nisargtspontaneously; agambhrashallow; ayam he; vikambhitaobstructed; astiis; saharamjoyfully; bhaavadi O respected mother; kamsassaof Kamsa; go-maalaof the pasturing ground for the cows; ajjhakkhasuperintendent; goahanaGovardhana Hill; kahaof Krsna; anuarifollowing; cand-alof Candrval-gop; caritteaby the activities; kuda why?; nanot; kuppaI; kuppa-ibecome angry; putriO daughter; rjaof kings; kulacommunity; upalabdhenaunderstood; gauraveawith gravity; garvitaproud; ayamthis; vyaktam manifested; apialthough; tatthat; nanot; raddadhtibelieve. Nnd: Is there another way to stop him? Paurams: Child, simply by speaking sweet and clever words, I will stop shallow Abhimanyu. Nnd: (joyfully) Respected mother, Govardhana Hill is appointed by King Kasa to watch over the activities in Gokula. Why does he not become angry at Ka for enjoying pastimes with Candrval? Paurams: Daughter, Govardhana hill is very proud. He does not think the king's order very important. Text 15 (c) nnd: kaha kahena pahamase sagamo samvuto paurams: putri, sagame khalu ghnurgitaiva dt babhva. mad-udyamn kevalam ajania pia-peit

kahamhow?; kahenaby Ka; pahamaseon the first day; sagamameeting; samvutaoccurred; putriO daughter; sagame full of love; evacertainly; dtmessenger; babhvawas; mat my; udyamnmof efforts; kevalamexclusive; ajaniaproduced; pia-peitgrinding of what has already been ground. Nnd: How did Ka and Candrval first meet? Paurams: Daughter, when they first met, they fell deeply in love. For me to do anything more would be to crush what is already powder. Text 15 (d) nnd: ajje, tuha kaha eris bh-avisena-bhvid ghur-id uppa, ja appao ahiha-de-amni auppae kahe ujja-i ujjhia paha cce-a go-ula laddhsi. paurams: putri, guru-pdnm upadea-prasdena. ajjeO revered mother; tuhayour; kahamhow?; erislike this; bh-alove; visesaspecific; bhvidwas; ghaintense; auridlove; uppaproduced; jamwhich; appaaof the self; ahihaworshipable; de-amnideity; auppaenot manifested; kaher Ka; ujja-imthe city of Ujjayin; ujjhi-ahaving left; pahamat once; cce-aindeed; go-ulamto Gokula; laddh asiyou attained; putriO daughter; guruof the spiritual master (Nrada); pdnmof the lotus feet; upadeaof instruction; prasdenaby the mercy. Nnd: Noble lady, why do you love Ka so deeply that you came to Gokula, leaving Ujjayin because Ka was not there? Paurams: Daughter, I did it because of the mercy of my guru's advice. Text 15 (e) nnd: ettha vasant tumam mah-bh-o sandpa ki kkhu jdi. paurams: atha kim. yatas tena madhumagalbhidha svaputro mamtra paricaryrtha preita.

etthathere; vasantmresiding; tumamyou; mah-bh-a great fortunate; sandpaSandpa Muni; kimdoes?; kkhu indeed; jndiknow; atha kimyes; yatabecause; tenaby him; madhumagalaMadhumagala; abhidhaby the name; svaown; putrason; mamamy; atrasent. Nnd: Does fortunate Sndpai Muni know you are here? Paurams: Yes. He sent his son, Madhumagala, to serve me. Text 15 (f) nnd: mahumagalo tu-e suhu anuggahdo ja eso andaaaind-ara-candassa saha-arad mahsave i-utto. paurams: putri, mama sarvasva-rpy rdhy ke 'nurga-vistrya tva ca niyujyase. mahumagalaMadhumagala; tu-eby you; suhuexcellently; anuggahdafavored; jambecause; esahe; nandaof Nanda Mahrja; aaof the eyes; ind-aralotus flower; candassaof the moon; saha-aradfriendship; mahsavein a great festival; ni-uttah engaged; putriO daughter; mamamy; sarvasvaeverything; rpyform; rdhyof rmat Rdhr; kefor Ka; anurgaof love; vistryafor the expansion; tvamyou; canand; niyujyaseare enjoined. Nnd: You are very kind to Madhumagala. You gave him a great festival of friendship for the lotus-moon that is Nanda's son. Paurams: Daughter, Rdh is my great treasure. Please help Her fall in love with Ka. Text 15 (g) nnd: (shandam) bhaavadi, adibhmi gado se kahe anur-o. paurams: katham etal lakitam. nnd: jad kahpasage es kahatti ma sudi, tad romcid kampi bh-a vinda-e. paurams: putri, yuktam idam. tath hi. sa-nandamjoyfully; bhaavadiO respected mother; adi-bhmim highest point; gadareached; seher; kahefor Ka; anur-a

love; kathamhow?; etatthis; lakitamcharacterized; jad when; kahdescription; pasagein contact; esshe; kahattiof Ka; mamname; sudihears; tadthen; romcidwith hairs standing upright; kampisome; putriO daughter; yuktam appropriate; idamthis; tath hifor this reason. Nnd:(joyfully) Noble lady, Rdh has already climbed to the highest mountaintop of love for Ka. Paurams: How do you know? Nnd: Whenever, in the course of an ordinary conversation, She hears the name Ka, the hairs of Her body stand up, and She shows the symptoms of ecstasy. Paurams: Daughter, that is the right response. After all. . . Text 15 (h) tue tavin rati vitanute tuval-labdhaye kara-kroda-kaambini ghaayate karrbudebhya sphm ceta-prgaa-sangin vijayate sarvendriyn kti no jne janit kiyabdhir amtai keti vara-dvay tuein the mouth; tavindancing; ratimthe isnpiration; vitanuteexpands; tua-val-labdhayeto achieve many mouths; karaof the ear; krodain the hole; kaambinsprouting; ghaayatecauses to appear; kara-arbudebhya sphmthe desire for millions of ears; ceta-prgaain the courtyard of the heart; saginbeing a companion; vijayateconquers; sarva-indriymof all the senses; ktimthe activity; nanot; jneI know; janit produced; kiyadbhiof what measures by; amtaiby nectar; kathe name of Ka; itithus; vara-dvayithe two syllables. I do not know how much nectar of the two syllables `K-a' have produced. When the holy name of Ka is chanted, it appears to dance within the mouth. We then desire many, many mouths. When that name enters the holes of the ears, we desire many millions of ears. And when the holy name dances in the courtyard of the heart, it conquers the activities of the mind, and therefore all the senses become inert.* Text 16 (a)

nnd: ajje, dohi lalid-vishni sahhi saddha rh sram rhehi. cand-al ua pa-um-sebb-pahudhi saddha cai-am. t takkemi de-ad-pas-a-ippdi-o ima riso kahe anur-o. ajjeO respected mother; dohimby the two of them; lalidvishhimby Lalit and Vikh; sahhimwith the friends; saddham accompanied; rhrmat Rdhr; sramthe sun-god; rhehiworships; cand-alCandrval; uaagain; pa-um Padm-gop; sebbSaiby-gop; pahudhimbeginning with; saddhamalong with; cai-amthe goddess Prvat; ttherefore; takkemiI can guess; de-adof the demigods; pas-amercy; ippdi-aachieved; imamof them; risoin this way; kahe for Ka; anur-alove. Nnd: Noble lady, accompanied by Her friends Lalit and Vikh, Rdh worshipped the sun-god, and, accompanied by aiby, Padm and other friends, Candrval worshipped Prvat. I can only guess, that it was by the mercy of these demigods, that these gops attained such love for Ka. Text 16 (b) paurams: daivata-sev kevalam iha vana-ytrnusri mudr vraja-subhruv tu ke sahaja prem sa jgarti daivataof the demigods; sevworship; kevalamonly; iha here; vanato the forest; ytrjourney; anusrifollowing; mudr mark; vrajaof Vraja; subhruvmof the gops, whose eyebrows are very beautiful; tubut; kefor Ka; sahajaborn at the same time; premlove; sait; jgartiawakened. Paurams: Although they went to the forest only to worship the demigods, the beautiful-eyebrowed girls of Vraja found that love for Ka suddenly awakened within them. Text 17 (a)

nnd: sacca rh-e shvi-a ce-a pimma tatthavi saha kosala udd-aam. paurams: putri, mad-gir sandiyatm lekhya-vicaka vikh yatheya svaskh-netrravindayor nandanya nanda-sno praticchanda nirmti. saccamtruth; rh-eof rmat Rdhr; sahvi-amnatural; ce-acertainly; pimmamlove; tatthavinevertheless; sahamof her friends; kosalamgood fortune; uddpaamstimulus; putriO daughter; matmy; girby words; sandiyatmmay be shown; lekhyaat drawing pictures; vicakaexpert; vikhVikhgop; yathas; iyamshe; svaher; sakhof the friend; netraof the eyes; aravindayolotus; nandanyafor the delight; nandaof Nanda Mahrja; snoof the son (r Ka); praticchandam likeness; nirmtidraws. Nnd: Rdh's natural love for Ka made Her friends fortunate. Paurams: Daughter, on my order please ask the skillful artist Vikh to draw, for the pleasure of her friend's lotus eyes, a picture of Nanda's son. Text 17 (b) nnd: jaha avedi bhaavad. paurams: maypi modaka-vnda-dnpaded vndavmadhyam sdya rdheti magalkara-mdhuryea mdhavakarayor dvandvam nandym. jahaas; avediorder; bhaavadyou; mayby me; api even; modakacandies; vndaa multitude; dnagiving; apadet on the pretext; vnd-avof the forest of Vndvana; madhyam the middle; syahaving arrived; rdhRdh; itithus; magala auspicious; akarasyllales; mdhuryeawith the sweetness; mdhavaof Mdhava; karayoof the ears; dvandvampair; nandyamI may delight. Nnd: As the noble lady orders. Paurams: Then, on the pretext of carrying a gift of modaka candies, I will enter Vndvana forest and delight Ka's ears with the sweetness of the two auspicious syllables `Rdh'.

Text 17 (c) nnd: ajje, pekkha eso rma-mahumagala-siridma-pahudhi saha-arehi saddha go-uldo ikkami-a vundvana gacchanto kaho siiddhehi pidarehi jaso-nandehi llijja-i ajjeO respected mother; pekkhajust see; esahHe; rmaby Lord Balarma; mahumagalaand Madhumagala; siridmaand rdm; pahudhimand others; saha-arehimwith friends; saddhamaccompanied; go-uldafrom Gokula; nikkami-ahaving left; vundvanamVndvana; gacchantagoing; kahaKa; siiddhehimaffectionate; pidarehimby His parents; jaso-Yaod; nandehimand Nanda; llijja-iis fondled. Nnd: Noble lady, look! Accompanied by Balarma, Madhumagala, rdm, and a host of friends, and embraced by affectionate Nanda and Yaod, His parents, Ka now goes from Gokula to Vndvana forest. Text 17 (d) paurams: (vilokya saharam.) aya nayana-daita-pravara-pudarka-prabha prabhti nava-jguda-dyuti-viambi-pitmbara arayaja-parikriy-damita-divya-vedaro harin-mi-manohara-dyutibhir ujjvalgo hari vilokyaseeing; esawith; harsamjoy; ayamthis; nayanaby whose beautiful eyes; daitadefeated; pravarabest; pudarkaprabhathe luster of the white lotus flower; prabhtilooks beautiful; nava-jgua-dyutithe brilliance of newly painted kukuma; viambideriding; pta-ambara whose yellow dress; araya-ja picked up from the forest; parikriyby whose ornaments; damita subdued; divya-vea-darathe hankering for first-class dress; harinmaiof emeralds; manoharamind-attracting; dyutibhiwith splendor; ujjvala-agawhose beautiful body; harithe Supreme Personality of Godhead.

Paurams: (joyfully looking at Ka) The beauty of Ka's eyes surpasses the beauty of white lotus flowers, His yellow garments surpass the brilliance of fresh decorations of kukuma, His ornaments of selected forest flowers surpass the hankering for the best of garments, and His bodily beauty possesses mind-attracting splendor greater than the jewels known as marakata-mai (emeralds).' Text 17 (e) tad aha modaka-sampdanya gaccheyam. tva vikh yhi. (iti nikrnte) tattherefore; ahamI; modakaof candies; sampdanyafor giving; gaccheyamwill go; tvamyou; vikhmto Vikh-gop; yhiplease go; itithus; nikrntethey exit. I will go to deliver the modaka candies. You go to Vikh. (They exit)

Scene 2 Text 18 (tata praviati yath-nirdia ka.) r Ka: (purastd avalokya snandam) re-bhta-vapu-riym abhimukhe gomaal krama sm sphika-gaa-aila-paal-p-tvi vyjata ke jta-gu purandara-purc caskanda mandkin vndraya-vihri-dhanya-yamun-sev-pramodrthin tatathen; praviatienters; yath-nirdiaas described; kar Ka; r-kar Ka; purasttahead; avalokya looking; sa-nandamwith happiness; re-bhtamultitudes; vapuof forms; riymof the beauty; abhimukhein the presence;

gaof cows; maalnmof the multitudes; kramtin order; sm of them; sphikacrystal; gaaside; aila-paalof mountains; puwhite; tvimof the luster; vyajatahaving the appearance; keI think; jtaunderstood; guqualities; purandaraof Indra; purtfrom the city; caskandahas descended; mandkinthe celestial Ganges; vnd-rayain the forest of Vndvna; vihri performing pastimes; dhanyaauspicious; yamunof the Yamun river; sevservice; pramodadelight; arthinfor the purpose. (Ka, as previously described, enters) Ka: (Looking ahead, He joyfully says) I think a host of crystal mountains, pretending to be these beautiful cows, has come here. Or perhaps it is the Mandkin Gag River from the city of Indra that has come, disguised as these cows, to please and serve the glorious Yamun River that now plays in Vndvana. Text 19 nanda: vatsa, sdhu varitam. kintu goha-lakmr api phata prekyatm iti. ( parvtya) vilair golair bahu-ikhara-kh-vitatibhi partai sambdh-kta-savidham ambhodhi-gahanam samddhm govardhana-kaakam kliya-hrada riya bibhrad-goha sphurati paritas tvakam idam nandaNanda Mahrja; vatsaO child; sdhuvery well; varitamit has been described; kintubut; gohaof the pasturing grounds; lakmthe opulence; apieven; phatabehind us; prekyatmmay be seen; itithus; parvtyahaving turned; vilailarge; golaihomes for the cows and cowherds; bahu many; ikharaspires; khand wings; vitatibhiwith multitudes; partaisurrounded; sambdh-ktaabounding; savidhamnear; ambhodhias the ocean; gahanamdeep; samddhmopulence; govardhanaup to Govardhana; kaakamthe side; kliyaup to Kliya; hradamlake; riyambeauty; bibhratholding; goham pasture; sphuratiappears very splendid; partaall around; tvakamyou; idamthis. Nanda: Child, You speak well. Look behind us at the beauty of Vraja. (He turns around.) From Govardhana to Kliya Lake, Your land of Vraja

is very beautiful, like a great ocean of beauty glorious with many palaces and golas. Text 20 (a) ka: sakhe madhumagala, dram anuyto 'smi ttena. tad avilambam srdha goha praviyatm. Yaod: jda, kiti avarahe vi goha sumarasi. ja paramdarea ma-e randhid-i paccaha s-alhonti miha-im. sakheO friend; madhumagalaMadhumagala; dramfrom a great distance; anuytafollowed; asmiI am; ttenaby My father; tattherefore; avilambamwithout delay; ambayby my mother; srdhamaccompanied; gohamVndvana; praviyatmshould be entered; jdaO son; kim tiwhy?; avarahein the afternoon; vi even; gohamVrndavana; nanot; sumarasiyou remember; jam because; paramasupreme; dareawith care; ma-eby me; randhit-imcooked; paccahamevery day; s-alhontibecome cold; mihapalatable; ann-imfoodstuffs. Ka: Friend Madhumagala, My father and mother have come to Me from far away. I should quickly go to Vraja Village with My mother. Yaod: Son, why did You not remember to come home in the afternoon? The delicious lunch I carefully cooked is growing cold. Text 20 (b) Madhumagala: go-ulessari, suhi. (iti sanktena) gobhya ape kim api dsam asya nsti (iti vg-upakrame ka sasneham ena payati.) Madhumagala: tbhir yad ea rabhasd abhikyama kuja viaty adhika-keli-kalotsukbhi (iti vag-asamaptau) go-ulaof Gokula; ssariO queen (Yaod); suhiplease listen; itithus; sansktenain Sanskrit; gobhyacows; apeI promise; kim apisome; daamfault; asyaHis; nanot; astiis; itithus; vkof the speech; upakramefrom the beginning; kar Ka; sawith; snehamaffection; enamat him; payatiglances; tbhiby them (the gops); yatbecause; eaHe; rabhast joyfully; abhikyamaenchanted; kujamthe grove; viati

enters; adhikafurther; kelipastimes; kalart; utsukbhieager; itithus; vkspeech; asamptauin the uncompleted state. Madhumagala: (At the beginning of this speech, Ka affectionately glances at Madhumagala.) O queen of Gokula, please listen. I swear on the cows that Ka is not at fault. He stays in the forest because He is attracted by all the playful girls.. . . (Madhumagala's speech remains unfinished.) Text 20 (c) ka: (spatrapam tmagatam)- vyaktam ea blio ballavbhir iti vakyati. tad enam sajy nivraymi. (iti irastiro dhnayati.) Madhumagala: bho vaasa, kiti me nivrasi ja iccida ajja ajjy aggado eda viavissam. ka: (svagatam) hanta, lajj-jle jlma-dhiyha patito 'smi. Madhumagala: ptmbaras tvaritam amba suhd-ghabhi. spatrapam tmagatamembarrassed; vyaktammanifested; eathis; bliafool; ballavbhiwith the gops; itithus; vakyatiwill speak; tattherefore; enamto him; sajywith intelligence; nivraymiI will stop; itithus; irahead; tirabent; dhnayatiHe shakes; bhoO; vaassafriend; kitiwhy?; meto Me; nivresido you obstruct; jamwhich; iccidamclearly; ajja now; ajjyof Your pious mother; aggada-in the presence; edam this; viavissamI will inform; svagatamspeaking to Himself; hanta alas; lajjof embarrassment; jlein a network; jlma inconsiderate; dhiybecause of intelligence; ahamI; patitafallen; asmiam; ptayellow; ambaragarments; tvaritamquickly gone; ambaO mother; suhtof His friends; ghabhiwith multitudes. Ka: (embarrassed, He says in an aside) This fool will describe My pastimes with the gops. I must signal him to stop. Madhumagala: O friend, why do You stop me as I speak to Your saintly mother? Ka: (aside) Alas, because of this fool I have fallen into a trap of embarrassment.

Madhumagala: Dear mother, what I meant was: Ka, who wears yellow garments, stays in the forest to play with His friends, the cowherd boys. Text 21 (a) Ka: (snandam tmagatam) katham anyad evsya hd-gatam. Yaod: vaccha mahumagala, sacca lalid-pahud-o ova-vli--o maha ida kahenti t imbha-e hadamhi. snandam tmagatamjoyful; kathamhow?; anyatelse; eva certainly; asyaof him; ht-gatamintention; vacchaO child; mahumagalaMadhumagala; saccamtruth; lalidLalit-gop; pahud-aand the others; ova-vli--agops; aand; mahamy; idamthis; kanhentidescribe; ttherefore; imbha-eby the boys; hadamhiI am distressed. Ka: (joyful, He says in an aside) How can any other desire stay in My heart? Yaod: Child Madhumagala, it is true. Lalit and the other gops all tell me: `Those boys harass us'. Text 21 (b) nanda: kuumnini, kaccid anurp nirpitsti gokule kcid blik ym udvhaymo vatsam. yaod: ajja, duddha-muhassa vacchassa di ko kkhu uvvhosaro. madhumagala: (apavrya) vaassa, sacca duddha-muho 'si ja duddha-luddh-i gova-kisor-sahass-i tujjha muha pi-anti. (ka smita karoti.) kuumbinimy dear wife; kaccitis there; anurpsuitable; nirpit astiis found; gokulein Gokula; kcitsome; blikyoung girl; ymto whom; udvhaymawe will marry off; vatsamthis boy; ajjaO pious husband; duddha-muhassaof this small child accustomed to drink milk; vacchassaof the child; dimnow; ka how?; kkhuindeed; uvvh-osarathe proper time for marriage; apavryaaside; vaassaO friend; saccamin truth; duddha-muha asiYou are a small child accustomed to drink milk; jamwhich; duddha-luddh-imdesiring to drink the milk; gova-kisorof young

gops; sahasthousands; tujjhaYour; muhamlips; pi-antidrink; kaKa; smitam karotismiles. Nanda: Wife, in Gokula is there a suitable young girl we can marry to this boy? Yaod: Noble master, He is only a little boy. The milk is still in His mouth. Is this the right time to marry Him? Madhumagala: (to Ka, aside) Friend, it is true that You have milk in Your mouth. Still, thousands of teenage gops, greedy after that milk, drink from Your mouth. Text 21 (c) nanda: vatsa, paya paya ahaha kamala-gandher atra saundarya-vnde vinihita-nayaneya tvan-mukhendor mukunda kuca-kalaa-mukhbhym ambara-knopam amb tava muhur atihard varati kra-dhrm vatsaO child; payasee; payasee; ahahaO!; kamalaof the lotus flowers; gandheof the fragrance; atrahere; saundaryaof beauty; vndeabundance; vinihitaplaced; nayaneyes; ayam she; tvatYour; mukhaof the face; indoof the moon; mukundaO Mukunda; kucabreasts; kalaawater pots; mukhbhymfrom the face; ambaragarments; knopammoistened; ambmother; tava Your; muhuconstantly; ati-hartfrom great joy; varatirains; kraof milk; dhrmshower. Nanda: Child, look! Look! O Mukunda fragrant like a lotus flower, her eyes resting in the handsomeness of Your moonlike face, again and again Your mother showers her garments with the milk flowing from her waterpot breasts. Text 22 (iti r-kam ligya snanadam) jita-candra-parga-candriknaladendvara-candana-riyam parito mayi aitya-mdhur

vahati spara-mahotsavas tava itithus; r-kamKa; ligyaembracing; sa-nandam joyfully; jitconquered; candra-pargaof camphor; candrik moonlight; naladaof the cooling nalada root; indvaraof the blue lotus flower; candanaof sandalwood; riyambeauty; parita everywhere; mayion me; aityaof coolness; mdhurm pleasentness; vahaticarrys; sparaof touch; maha-utsavagreat festival; tavaYour. (Nanda joyfully embraces Ka) O Ka, the great festival of Your touch brings to me a cool sweetness that defeats camphor, moonlight, nalada roots, lotus flowers, and sandal paste. Text 23 (a) ka: tta, bubhukkam api mat-pratkay svaya tastambhe go-kadambaka tan nivartet tatra-bhavantau. nanda: yathha vatsa (iti sasneha kam avalokyan sabhryo nikrnta.) ttaO father; bubhukby hunger; kamattracted; api although; matmy; pratkaywith expectation; svayam personally; tastambhestood still; gaof the cows; kadambakam multitude; tattherefore; nivartetmshould turn back; tatrathere; bhavantauyou; yathas; haspoken; vatsathe child; itithus; sa-snehamwith affection; kamKa; avalokyanlooking at; sa with; bhryahis wife; nikrntahe leaves. Ka: Father, pulled by hunger, the cows wait for Me. Please return home. Nanda: As the child says. (Affectionately gazing at Ka, Nanda and Ysod exit.) Text 23 (b) ka: (puro 'valokya) sugandhau mkanda-prakara-makarandasya madhure vinisyande vand-kta-madhupa-vnda muhur idam

ktndola mandonnatibhir anilai candana-girer mamnandam vnd-vipinam atula tundilayati puraahead; avalokyalooking; su-gandhauin the fragrance; mkanda-prakaraof the bunches of mango buds; makarandasyaof the honey; madhuresweet; vinisyandein the oozing; vandi-kta grouped together; madhupa-vdambumblebees; muhuagain and again; idamthis; kta-andolamagitated; manda-unnatibhi moving softly; anilaiby the breezes; candana-girefrom the Malaya Hills; mamaMy; nandampleasure; vnd-vipinamthe forest of Vndvana; atulamvery much; tundilayatiincreases more and more. Ka: (looking ahead) The sweet, fragrant honey oozing from newly grown mango buds is again and again attracting groups of bumblebees, and this forest is trembling in the softly moving breezes from the Malaya Hills, which are full of sandalwood trees. Thus the forest of Vndvana is increasing My transcendental pleasure.* Text 24 rma: rdman, paya paya. vndvana divya-lat-parta lat ca pupa-sphuritgra-bhja pupi ca sphta-madhu-vratni madhu-vrat ca ruti-hri-gt rdmanO rdm; payalook; payalook; vndvanam the forest of Vndvana; divya-lat-partamsurrounded by transcendental creepers; lat caand the creepers; pupaby flowers; sphuritadistinguished; agra-bhjapossessing ends; pupithe flowers; caand; sphita-madhu-vratnihaving many maddened bumblebees; madhu-vratthe bumblebees; caand; ruti-hri-gtwhose songs defeat the Vedic hymns and are pleasing to the ear. Rma: My dear friend rdm, see how this forest of Vndvana is full of transcendental creepers and trees. The tops of the creepers are full of flowers, and intoxicated bumblebees are buzzing around them, humming songs that please the ear and surpass even the Vedic hymns.*

Text 25 (a) ka: sakhe madhumagala, bhavad-vidhnm satti-asibhir va-gtair nandaymi vndav-vstavyn. (ity adhare veu vinyasyati.) rma: (scaryam) hanta, paraspara-viparyasta-svabhvnm api bhvn dharma-viparyaya payata. sakheO friend; madhumagalaMadhumagala; bhavatyou; vidhnmof those who are like; sattinearby; asibhisounding; vaof the flute; gtaiwith the songs; nandaymiI delight; vnd-avof the forest of Vndvna; vstavyninhabitants; iti thus; adhareto His lips; veumthe flute; vinyasyatiHe places; sa with; acaryamwonder; hantaO; parasparamutual; viparyasta opposite; svabhvnmof natures; apieven; bhvnmof objects; dharmanature; viparyayareverted; payatajust see. Ka: Friend Madhumagala, staying here with you and the others, I will delight creatures of Vndvana forest, with the sound of My flute. (Ka places the flute to His lips.) Rma: (with wonder) Look! They are becoming the opposite of what they were! Text 25 (b) jta-stambhatay paysi sarit khinyam pedire grvo drava-bhva-savalanata skd am mrdavam sthairya vepathun jahur muhur agj jyd gati jagam vas cumbati hanta ymuna-ta-kr-kuumbe harau jtaproduced; stambhataywith the state of being stunned; paysiwaters; saritmof the streams; khinyamstiffness; pedireattained; grvastones; dravafluid; bhvanature; savalanatafrom the contact; sktimmobility; vepathunby trembling; jahuabandon; muhuat once; agtfrom the mountain; jytfrom the stiffness; gatimmovement; jagamm moving; vasmflute; cumbatiwhen He touches to His lips; hanta indeed; ymunaof the Ymuna river; taon the back; krkuumbewho performs many pastimes; harauLord Hari.

When Ka, playing by the Yamun's bank, kisses His flute, the waters of the streams become stunned and solid, the rocks become soft and melt, and the mountains, no longer standing still, tremble and walk about. Text 26 madhumagala: h h accari-am pa-uradara-galanda-cchra-kallolihi a-a-kusuma-lada hanta so-a kuant pivi-a mahura-va-da-pi-usa-pra phura-i garu-a-saukkha-tthambhid dheu-patt hO; hO; accari-amhow wonderful; galandatrickling; pauradarevery abundant; cchraof milk; kallolihimwith waves; na-afresh; kusumaof flowers; ladamof creepers; hantaO; soamsprinkling; kuantperforming; pivi-ahaving drunk; mahura sweet; vaof the flute; daof the sound; pi-usaof nectar; pramriver; phura-iis manifested; garu-aintense; saukkhawith happiness; tthambhidstunned; dheuof cows; pattmultitude. Madhumagala: Oh! Oh! Wonderful! Drinking flood of nectar that is sweet sound of Ka's flute, the cows are stunned with bliss. Now they are all sprinkling the flowers with great flowing waves of milk. Text 27 (a) (iti ka hastena clayan) bho pi-a-vaassa, ksa imbbhara gavv-esi. ed-e cce-a veu-jd-e es ummdi- pa-id. ettha ua imittametta kkhu tumam. itithus; kamr Ka; hastenaby the hand; clayan leads; bhaO Lord; pi-adear; vaassafriend; kasifrom what?; imbbharamgreatly; gavv-esiare You so proud; ed-eof it; cce-a certainly; veuof bamboos; jd-eof the family; esshe; unmdi-intoxicating; pa-idenergy; etthahere; uaagain; nimittainstrument; mettamonly; kkhuindeed; tumamyou.

(With a hand He pushes Ka.) Dear friend, why be proud? By its very nature, this flute makes everyone wild with bliss. You are only the flute's helper. Text 27 (b) (ke) rundhann ambu-bhta camatkti-para kurvan muhus tumburu dhynd antarayan sanandana-mukhn vismpayan vedhasam autsukyvalibhir bali caulayan bhogndram ghrayan bhindann aa-kaha-bhitim abhito babhrma va-dhvani rundhanblocking; ambu-bhtathe clouds bearing rain; camatkti-paramfull of wonder; kurvanmaking; muhuat every moment; tumburumthe King of the Gandharvas, Tumburu; dhynt from meditation; antarayandisturbing; sanandana-mukhnthe great saintly persons headed by Sanandana; vismpayancausing wonder; vedhasameven to Lord Brahm; autsukya-valibhiwith thoughts of curiosity; balimKing Bali; caulayanagitating; bhogiindramthe King of the Ngas; ghrayanwhirling around; bhindan penetrating; aa-kaha-bhitimthe strong coverings of the universe; abhitaall around; babhrmacirculated; va-dhvani the transcendental vibration of the flute. (A voice in the sky): The transcendental vibration of Ka's flute blocked the movements of the rain clouds, struck the Gandharvas full of wonder, and agitated the meditation of great saintly persons like Sanaka and Sananda. It created wonder in Lord Brahm, wrought intense curiosity that agitated the mind of Bali Mahrja, who was otherwise firmly fixed, made Mahrja Ananta, the carrier of the planets, whirl around, and penetrated the strong coverings of the universe. Thus the sound of the flute in the hands of Ka created a wonderful situation.* Text 28 (a) rma: (saharam. rdhvam avalokya svagatam) katha meghntarito 'ya surari padyam upavaym sa. (punar ke kalakala)

madhumagala: (rdhvam avalokya. sabhayam) abbamhaa abbamhaa. bho bho, pal-amha pal-amha. rdm: v-ula. kiti iraggala palavasi. sawith; haramjoy; rdhvamupwards; avalokyalooking; svagatamaside; kathamhow?; meghaclouds; antaritahwithin; ayamthis; sura-ihNrada, the sage among the demigods; padyamverse; upavaym saplaying upon the v; punah again; kein the sky; kalakalaa rumbling sound; rdhvam upwards; avalokyalooking; sawith; bhayamfear; abbamhaam help!; abbamhaamhelp!; bho bhaO! O!; pal-amhalet us flee; pal-amhalet us flee; v-ulaO crazy fellow; kitiwhy?; niraggalam without restraint; palavasiyou are speaking foolishly. Rma: (Looking up, He happily says to Himself) Why does Nrada, hiding in the clouds, recite poetry and play his v? (A soft an indistinct sound is again manifest in the sky.) Madhumagala: (looking up, frightened) Help! Help! Run away! Run away! rdm: Fool, why do you speak all this nonsense? Text 28 (b) Madhumagala: (rdhvam avalokya. sabhayam) are mukkha goli-, ki a pekkhasi. eso samruha-haso aggea bhu-aga-dhri keavi vedlea saddha ca-ummuho ko vi jakkho rakkhaso v acchadi. (punar vkya sotkampam.) h mahe, ede a acchhi prida-savvaga kapi daa aggekadu-a avare asur gaaa kkamandi. t sakemi hada-kasassa kikar huvissandi. (iti satrsa ka-kakntare iras tirayati.) rdhvamupwards; avalokyalooking; sawith; bhayamfear; areO!; mukkhafool; go-li-cowherd boy; kimdo?; anot; pekkhasiyou see; esahe; samruhaascended; hasaswan; aggeanaked; bhu-agasnake; dhriholding; kenaviby someone; vedleaghost; saddhamaccompanied; ca-ummuha who has four heads; ko yisomeone; jakkhaYaka; rakkhasa demon; vor; -acchadiis coming; punahagain; vkyalooking; sawith; utkampamtrembling; hO!; manewe consider; ede these; aand; acchhimwith eyes; pridafilled; savva-entire; agambody; kapisomeone; damaamdemon; agge-kadu-a having placed in front; avareothers; asurdemons; gaaamthe sky; kkamandiwill enter; tthat; sakemiI believe; hadadead;

kasassaof Kasa; kikarservants; huvissandiwill become; iti thus; sawith; trsamfear; kaof Ka; kakaon the side; irahead; tirayaticonceals. Madhumagala: (frightened, looking upwards) Foolish gopa, don't you see? Riding on a swan, and accompanied by a naked ghost grabbing many snakes, a four-headed yaka or rkasa approaches us. (Madhumagala looks again and trembles). Let by that demon whose body is covered by eyes, all those demons are about to attack us from the sky. That's what I think. I think they are all about to become Kasa's servants. (Frightened Madhumagala hides, placing his head behind Ka.) Text 28 (c) ka: (svagatam) katham ete veu-nda-mdhurbhir k payoda-vthm avaghante dim adh. (iti punar veu kvaayati). svagatamaside; kathamhow?; etethese; veuof the flute; ndaof the sound; mdhurbhiby the sweetness; k attracted; payodaof clouds; vthmmultitude; avaghanteenter deeply; dimof the directions; adhcontrollers; itithus; punaagain; veumthe flute; kvaayatiHe plays. Ka: (aside) Why, attracted by the sweetness of the flute-music, do the kings of the directions now hide in the clouds? (Ka again plays the flute.) Text 28 (d) madhumagala: (vilokya socchvsam tmagatam) ede duhada- vaassassa veu-sadda-mettea vimhal bhavi-a sajjhasea mujjhanti. t j-ido mhi. (iti sopa parikramya prakam.) re re duh asur, cihada. eso ha svea cvea v tumha muim khaemi. (iti daam udyamya muhur rdhva krdati.) vilokyaseeing; sawith; ucchvsama deep breath; tmagatam attained; edethese; duhawicked; da-demons; vaassassa

of the friend; veuof the flute; saddaof the sound; metteaby only; vimhalagitated; bhavi-ahaving become; sajjhasenawith fear; mujjhantibecome bewildered; ttherefore; jalive; mhiI am; itithus; sawith; topampride; parikramyastrutting about; prakamopenly; re reO! O!; duhwicked; asurdemons; cihada cihadastand! Stand!; esahe; hamI; svenaby the curse; cveaby the bow; vor; tumhamyour; mu-imbald heads; khaemiI will crush; itithus; dandama stick; udyamya shaking; muhuhfor a moment; kurdatijumps. Madhumagala: (Looking and sighing deeply). These wicked demons aritated, stunned, and frightened merely by the sound of My friend's flute. I am alive! O wicked demons! Stand! Stand! By cursing you, or by striking you with arrows from my bow, I will crush your bald heads! (Shaking a stick, Madhumagala jumps about). Text 28 (e) rma: (vihasya) vayasya, maiva brav. etau bhagavantau harahirayagarbhau. savyata cm purandardayo vndrak. madhumagala: suhu. (samvasya) bho, jantea cce-a ma-e eda paihasidam. tado tumhemi kkhu rakkhasa-buddhi-e bhlu-ehi pal-idu pa-uttam. ka: (smitv) haho devnm-priya, nijm eva jlmat teu sakrmayasi. vihasyasmiling; mdon't; evamin this way; bravspeak; etauthese; bhagaantaulords; haraiva; hirayagarbhauand Brahm; savyataon the left; caand; amthese; purandara Indra; dayaand other demigods; vndrakleaders of the demigods; suhuclearly; samvasyasighing with relief; bha O!; janteaundertansding; cce-acertainly; ma-eby me; edam this; paihasidamlaughable; tadatherefore; tumhemimby you; kkhuindeed; rakkhasaRkasa; buddhi-ewith the conception; bhlu-ehimby the frightened; pal-idumto flee; pa-uttambegun; smitvsmiling; hahaO!; devnmof the demigods; priyadear; nijmown; evacertainly; jimatmfaultness; teuon them; sakrmayasiyou transfer. Rma: (smiling) Friend, don't talk like that. These two person are Brahm and iva. On their left are Indra and the leaders of the demigods.

Madhumagala: Indeed! (He sighs with relief.) I knew all along. I was only joking. But you were afraid. Thinking the demigods were rkasas, you were going to run away. Ka: (smiling) Friend of the demigods, in others you see your own foolishness. Text 28 (f) rma: payata payata. abhi ruti-puakair nava-vaiava-kkal kalayan ata-dhtir api dhti-mukto marla-phe muhur luhati payata payatalook! Look!; abhieight; ruti-puakai with ears; navanew; vaiavafrom the flute; kkalmmusic; kalayanhearing; ata-dhtiLord Brahm, who performed a hundred sacrifices; apieven; dhtifrom composure; muktafree; marlaof the swan; pheon the back; muhuhconstantly; luhatirolls. Rma: Look! Look! Overcome with ecstasy as with eight ears he listens to Ka's flute-music, Brahm rolls about on the back of his swan. Text 29 (ke punar v-gti) udite hari-vaktrendau veu-nda-sudh-muci hanta rudra-samudrea sva-maryd vilaghit kein the sky; punaagain; vof the vina; gtimusic; uditearisen; hariof Lord Hari; vaktraof the mouth; indauthe moon; veuof the flute; ndaof the sound; sudhnectar; muci releasing; hantaO; rudraof Lord iva; samudreaby the ocean; svaown; marydlimits; vilaghitsurpassed.

(Again there is v music in the sky.) When, splendid with the nectar moonlight of flute music, the moon of Ka's face rises, the ocean of the demigod iva floods beyond it's boundaries. Text 30 rma: sotkaha mural-kal-parimaln karya ghrat-tanor etasyki-sahasrata sura-pater ari sasrur bhuvam citra vri-dharn vinpi taras yair adya dhrmayair drt payata deva-mtkam abhd vndav-maalam sawith; utkahamardent longing; muralof the flute; kalof the artistry; parimalnsweet aroma; karyahaving heard; ghrat shaking; tanobody; etasyaof him; akifrom the eyes; sahasratahundreds; suraof the demigods; pateof the king (Indra); aritears; sasruflowed; bhuvamto the earth; citram wonderful; vri-dharnrainclouds; vinwithout; apieven; taras quickly; yaihby which; adyatoday; dhr-mayaihconsisting of rains; drtfrom a great distance; payatalook; devaof the demigods; mtkamarea; abhtbecame; vndavof the forest of Vndvana; maalamcircle. Rma: Just see how, after hearing the transcendental sound of Ka's flute, Indra, the king of heaven, is crying in his heavenly kingdom! From his teardrops falling on the ground, Vndvana appears to have become a celestial residence for the demigods.* Text 31 (a) ka: (svagatam) purnm am purastd vihre sakucanti me ceto-vttavya. tad agre ymi. (iti tarum antaram sdya prakam.) sakhe madhumagala, paya mdhavy vanamdhurm. svagatamaside; purnmof elderly persons; ammof these; purasttin the presence; vihrein pastimes; sakucanti shrink; memy; cetaof the mind; vttayaactivities; tat

therefore; agreahead; ymiI will go; itithus; tarmof trees; antaramunder; sdyagoes; prakamclearly; sakheO friend; madhumagalaMadhumagala; payalook; mdhavymin the spring; vanaof the forest; mdhurmthe charming beauty. Ka: (aside) My thoughts turn away from playing before these elderly demigods. I will go ahead. (He goes under some trees.) Friend Madhumagala, look at the sweetness of the of the forest in spring. Text 31 (b) kvacid bhg-gta kvacid anila-bhag-iirat kvacid; vall-lsya kvacid amala-mall-parimala kvacid dhr-li karaka-phala-pal-rasa-bharo hk vnda pramadayati vndvanam idam kvacitsomwhere; bhg-gtamthe humming songs of the bumblebees; kvacitsomewhere; anila-bhag-iiratcoolness from the waves of the mild breezes; kvacitsomewhere; amala-mallparimalathe pure fragrance of the mallik flowers; kvacit somewhere; dhr-liabounding in showers; karaka-phala-plof pomegranate fruits; rasa-bharaoverabundance of juice; hknm of the senses; vndamto the group; pramadayatiis giving pleasure; vndvanamthe forest of Vndvana; idamthis. My dear friend, this forest of Vndvana is giving great pleasure to our senses in various ways. Somewhere bumblebees are singing in groups, and in some places mild breezes are cooling the entire atmosphere. Somewhere the creepers and tree twigs are dancing, the mallik flowers are expanding their fragrance, and an overabundance of juice is constantly flowing in showers from pomegranate fruits.* Text 32 (a) madhumagala: bho vaassa, ed paduha-bhaga-bhaankari-e ki kaudhala tujjha vunda-i-e, aha kkhu ca-uvvihehi aehi savvindi-ahri go-ulesari-e rasava-i jjevva daha rajemi. bhaO; vaassafriend; edthis; paduhawicked; bhagaof destruction; bhaankari-ecausing fear; kimwhat is the use?; meto

me; kaudhalamdelight; tujjhaYour; vunda-i-eof the forest of Vndvana; ahamI; kkhucertainly; ca-uvvihehimwith four kinds; aehimof foodstuffs; savv-indi-aall the senses; hrim attracting; go-ulaof Gokula; sari-eby the queen (mother Yaod); rasava-impalatable; jjevvaindeed; dahaseeing; rnjemiI become overjoyed. Madhumagala: Friend, how can I be happy in Your Vndvana forest? I am always afraid some thug will attack me. I become happy when I see the four kinds of delicious food Gokula's queen cooks, food that charms all the senses. Text 32 (b) ka: vayasya, vandasya vndavm eva. sphutam asy pura-vallarbhir api tavbha phalam ullsayitu samarthyate. vayasyaO friend; vandasyayou should offer obeisances; vndavmto the forest of Vndvna; evacertainly; sphuamclearly; asyof it; puraancient; vallarbhiby creepers; apieven; tavayour; abhamdesired; phalamfruit; ullsayitumto manifest; samarthyateis able. Ka: Friend, you should bow down before Vndvana Forest, which has ancient flowering-vines with the power to fulfill your desires. Text 32 (c) madhumagala: bho pi-a-vaassa, tuma saccavditti savva-lo-ehi bhaijjasi. t imassa tujjha vaaassa ma-e parcch kdavv. (ity ajali badhv) bho vallar-e, esoha vandmi. buhukkhido me vaasso. t dentu khaa-lau--i. bhaO; pi-adear; vaassafriend; tumamyou; saccavdittias one who speaks the truth; savvaall; lo-ehimby the people; bhaijjasiare described; ttherefore; imassaof this; tujjhaYour; vaaassaof the words; ma-eby me; parcchinvestigation; kdavvshould be done; itithus; ajalim baddhvhe folds his hands; bhaO; vallar-ecreepers; esohamI; vandmioffer

obeisances to you; buhukkhidahungry; memy; vaassafriend; t therefore; dentumay give; khaa-lau--imlau candies. Madhumagala: Dear friend, everyone says You are very truthful. I will now conduct an experiment to see if this is true. (Madhumagala folds his palms). O flowering-vines, I bow down before you. My friend is very hungry. Please give Him many sweet lau candies. Text 32 (d) (praviya modaka-ptra-hast paurams) paurams: candrnana, gha rasajmodakn abhn modakh. Rma: (sasmitam) vayasya, d jarad-vallar-vadnyat. paurams: sakaraa, jarad-ballav-vadnyateti bhayatm. Ka: rye, keya jarad-ballav. paurams: candramukha, mukhar. praviyaentering; modakacandies; ptraplate; hastin her hand; pauramsPaurams; candramoon; nanaface; gha please take; rasajato the epicures; modakndelighting; amun these; modakncandies; sawith; smitama smile; vayasyaO friend; dseen; jaratancient; vallarof the creeper; vadnyat generosity; snkaraaO Lord Balarma; jaratancient; ballav gop; vadnyatgenerosity; itithus; bhayatmmay be described; ryeO pious woman; kwho?; iyamthis; jaratelderly; ballavgop; candramoon; nanaface; mukharMukhar-gop. (Carrying a plate of candies in her hand, Paurams enters.) Paurams: O boy with a face like the moon, please take these candies delightful to the tongue. Rma: (smiling) Friend, see the generosity of this ancient floweringvine! Paurams: Balarma, everyone says that elderly gop is very generous. Ka: Noble lady, which elderly gop do you mean? Paurams: The gop Mukhar, O boy with a face like the moon. Note: Here Ka uses the word "jarad-vallar" (ancient floweringvine). Paurams mishears Him and thinks He said "jarad-ballav" (ancient gop).

Text 32 (e) ka: tay kim akde khaa-laukni samarpitni. paurams: naptr tvad etay abhimanyo pau pariyit. tad-utsavbhirpa samudcro 'yam anusasre. tayby her; kimwhat?; akeunexpectedly; khaalauknicandies; samarpitmioffered; naptrgrand-daughter; tvatso much; etayby her; abhimanyoof Abhimanyu; pau the hand; pariyitaccepted in marriage; tatof that; utsava festival; abhirpacorresponding; samudcragift; ayamthis; anusasrefollowing the custom. Ka: Why does she unexpectedly send these lau candies to us? Paurams: Her granddaughter will accept the hand of Abhimanyu. Following tradition, she is distributing gifts to celebrate. Text 32 (f) ka: keya naptr. paurams: rdhikbhidhna kcid nanda-kaumud. kwho?; iyamthis; naptrgranddaughter; rdhikrmat Rdhr; abhidhnnamed; kcitsome girl; nandabliss; kaumudmoonlight. Ka: Who is her granddaughter? Paunams: Her name is Rdh, and She is delightful like moonlight. Text 32 (g) ka: (saromnca svagatam) ruta nnam ambayo savde avad asy sauhavam. (iti kampamno vr nayati.) paurams: (svagatam) ka vilakam avekya nna rma savyjam asau savyata prayti.

sa-romacamhairs standing upright; svagatamaside; rutam heard; nnamjust now; ambayoof the two mothers (Yaod and Rohi); savdein the conversation; avatconstantly; asyh her; sauhavamsuperexcellent beauty and qualities; itithus; kampamnatrembling; vrmbashfulness; nayatirepresents dramatically; svagatamaside; kamr Ka; vilakam bashful; aveksyahaving noticed; nnamnow; rmaLord Balarma; savyjamcleverly; asauthis; savyatafrom the left side; praytigoes. Ka: (The hairs of His body stand upright, and He says to Himself:) In the talk of My two mothers I heard how glorious this girl is. (He becomes embarrassed and trembles.) Paurams: (aside) Understanding Ka's embarrassment, on some pretext Balarma has gone from Ka's left side. Text 32 (h) ka: (punar tmagatam) vikriy sagopayitu prasagntaram ag-kurym. (prakam) rye, adya madhu-vsare tvaypi kcin mahotsava-lakmr alakriyatm. paya jarad-vall-rer iya phull pallavit ca. punaagain; tma-gatamto Himself; vikriymthis transformation; sagopayitumto conceal; prasagalove; antaram within; ang-kurymmay I accept; prakamopenly; ryeO pious woman; adyatoday; madhupleasent; vsareday; tvayby you; apieven; kcitsome; mahgreat; utsavafestival; lakm opulences; alakriyatmshould be decorated; payajust see; jarat ancient; vallof creepers; remultitudes; iyamthis; phull abounding in flowers; pallavitblossomed; caand. Ka: (again, He say to Himself:) To conceal these ecstatic symptoms, I should change the subject of our talking. (speaking openly) Noble lady, this spring day is glorious with a festival of many ornaments. Look! These ancient vines are blossoming with many flowers! Text 32 (i)

paurams: (sasmitam) ngara, tavaiva mahotsvnm avasaro 'ya samvtta. yad atra pup pallavn ca tay ballavn vilsinya sameyanti. sawith; smitama smile; ngaraO clever Ka; tavaYour; evacertainly; mahgreat; utsavnmof festivals; avasara opportunity; ayamthis; samrtaarrived; yatwhich; atrahere; pupmof flowers; pallavnmof buds; caand; tayby the desire; ballavnmof the cowherd men; vilsinyathe beautiful wives; sameyantiwill assemble. Paurams: (smiling) Hero Ka, the day of Your festival has come. Thirsting to gather many flowers and leaves, the playful gops will soon come here. Text 32 (j) ka: (sasmita tiryag avekya.) rye, tata kim. paurams: (vihasya) vilsin, sva-vsannusrd anyath m aki. param evam abhiprymi. tatas ts nyeu sadmasu sakhibhis te sukham apahartavyni gavyni. sawith; smitama smile; tiryakcrookedly; avekyalooking; ryeO pious woman; tata kimhow is that?; vihasyalaughing; vilsinO playful boy; svaown; vsandesire; anusrtbecause of the nature; anyathotherwise; mdon't; akibe afraid; paramother; evamcertainly; abhipry asmiI intend; tata therefore; tsmof them; nyeuempty; sadmasuin the houses; sakhibhiwith friends; teYour; sukhameasily; apahartavyniwill be stollen; gavynimilk products. Ka: (Smiling, He looks at her with crooked eyes.) Noble lady, what is that? Paurams: (laughing) Playful boy, don't worry. It is not against Your wishes. I will say what I mean. When the gops' houses are empty, You and Your friends will happily steal their butter and yogurt. Text 32 (k)

ka: dhrte, ki parihasyate. paya komala-majarm avacinvatn ballavn maalena khaitni me vndav-khiviapni. tad ets te nivray. dhuteO rascal; kimwhy?; parihasyateis there laughter; paya just look; komalacharming; makarmblossom; avacinvatnm collecting; ballavnmof the gops; maalenaby the multitude; khaitnibroken; meMy; vnd-avin the forest of Vndvana; khi-viapnibranches and twigs; tattherefore; et they teby you; nivrayshould be prevented. Ka: Rogue, why do you laugh? Look! Those branches and twigs in My Vndvana forest were broken by the gops when they picked the soft flowers. It is your duty to stop them. Text 32 (l) paurams: mohana, navya-stabakottasin bhavataiva samullsito 'ya kusumeu-rgo ballavnm. t katham ito nivryatm. mohanaO charming boy; navyafresh; stabakabunches of flowers; uttamsinawearing a crown; bhavataby You; evacertainly; samullasitahdelighted; ayamthis; kusumesuin the flowers; ragah love; ballavinamof the gopis; tahthem; kathamhow; itah therefore; nivaryatammay they be restrained; Paurams: Enchanting boy, It is You, decorated with many flowers, that make the gops yearn to have flowers. How can I stop them? Note: Ambiguous, this verse may also mean: "Enchanting boy, It is You, decorated with many flowers, that fill the gops with passionate desires. How can I stop them?" Text 32 (m)

ka: (smitv) ayi blk-valaka-kei. kathopakramd vakram eva panthnam adhirhsi. yad apardhiksv api ballavu pakapta na mucasi. smitvsmiling; ayiO; balkof cranes; valakawhite; kei hairs; kathof speech; upakramtfrom the activity; vakram crooked; evacertainly; panthnampath; adhirhascended; asi you are; yatbecause; apardhiksuoffenders; apialthough; ballavugops; paka-ptamadherence; nanot; mucasiyou abandon. Ka: O lady with hair white like crane feathers, with these words you walk a crooked path. You will not renounce your allegiance to these offender-gops. Text 32 (n) paurams: sundara, samprati sardhik khalu ballavya katham apardhik santu. tena te priyasya punngasypi sumanasteya hahena kariyanti. sundaraO beautiful boy; sampratiat the present time; sa accompanied by; rdhikrmat Rdhr; khaluindeed; ballavyagops; katham-how?; aparadhikoffenders; santuhave become; tenaby that; teof You; priyasyadear; punngasyaof the punnga tree; apieven; sumanaflower; steyamtheft; hahena by force; kariyantiwill do. Paurams: Handsome boy, why are Rdh and the gops now offenders? They will only steal a few flowers from Your favorite punnga tree. Note: The ambiguous second sentence may also be translated: "They will only steal the heart of You, the best of males." Text 32 (o)

ka: (svagatam) hanta, katha maohri saiva daivt punar vartate rdhik-vrt. madhumagala: (svagatam) kaha rnti ma-matta-ea unma-edi eso. (prakam) bho vaassa, m kkhu im-e uvari ibbhara satio hohi. svagatamaside; hantaO; kathamhow?; manohri enchanting to the mind; sshe; evacertainly; daivtbecause of fate; punaagain; vartateturns; rdhikof rmat Rdhr; vrtnews; svagatamaside; kahamhow?; rhtiRdh; nma the name; matta-eaonly by; unman-ediis agitated; esaHe; prakamopenly; bhaO; vaassafriend; mdon't; kkhuindeed; im-eof this; uvariin regard; ibbharamexcessively; satiafull of desire; hohibecome. Ka: (aside) Ah! Why has destiny again brought Me news of Rdh, news enchants My heart. Madhumagala: (aside) Why does the name Rdh excite Him so? (openly) Friend, don't become so thirsty after this. Text 32 (p) ka: (sapraaya-roam) dhig vcla, kutrha sata. madhumagala: bho, m kuppaha. saras-e manoharl-e uvari tti bhami. sawith; praayalove; roamanger; dhikfie!; vclaO talkative one; kutrafrom what?; ahamI; sa-tafull of desire; bhaO; mdon't; kuppahabecome angry; saras-ebeautiful; manoharl-ewho is attracting the mind; uvariin relation to; tti thus; bhamiI am speaking. Ka: (simultaneosly angry and affectionate) Talkative friend, to hell with you! After what do I thirst? Madhumagala: Oh! Don't be angry! I was talking about these sweet "manohara" candies. Note: Madhumagala's words are ambiguous. They may also mean: "Oh! Don't be angry! I was talking about the beautiful gops that have stolen Your heart."

Text 32 (q) ka: sakhe, 'smi. nemni manoharkhyni kintu mauktikkhyni laukni. madhumagala: (vihasya) pi-a-vaassa, a kkhu aha bhamisle rh-cakked vami. kudo bhamissam. sakheO friend; bhrntabewildered; asmiI am; nanot; imni these; manoharamanohara; khyninamed; kintubut; mauktika mauktika; khyninamed; lauknilau candies; vihasya laughing; pi-adear; vaassafriend; anot; kkhuindeed; ahamI; bhami-sleintent on causing bewilderment; rhof Rdh; cakke circle; vamiturn; kudafrom what cause?; bhamissamI am causing to become bewildered. Ka: Friend, I misunderstood. But these aren't the lau candies that are called "manohara" They are the laus called "mauktika". Madhumagala: (laughs) Friend, I would not try to fool You with a pun on the name of the star Rdh. Why would I try to fool You? Text 32 (r) paurams: (svagatam) satya parihasyate baun, yad ea bhvodvtta-ceto-vttitay vailakya-bhg abhilakyate tad adya pra-kasmi. (prakam) sundara, ktam atrotkahay. s viupada-vth-sacri rdh n-loke kena labhyatm. svagatamaside; satyamin truth; parihasyatejoked; baun by this boy; yatbecause; eaHe; bhvaby love; udvtta expanded; cetaheart; vttitayby the activity; vailakya-bhk embarrassed; abhilakyateappears; tattherefore; prafulfilled; kmdesires; asmiI am; prakamopenly; sundaraO beautiful boy; ktamperformed; atrahere; utkahaywith longings; s she; viuof Lord Viu; pada-vththe domain (the sky); sacri moving; rdhRdh; nof humans; lokeon the sphere; kena by what?; labhyatmcan be attained. Paurams: (aside) In truth, the brhmaa boy is teasing Ka. His heart overcome with love, Ka is now embarrassed. Now all my

desires are fulfilled. (openly) The star Rdh moves in the sky, the home of Lord Viu. How can anyone in the world of humans attain Her? O handsome boy, what is the use of longing after Her? Text 33 (s) ka: (sasmitam. viu-pada-vthm avekya rmam anusarpan.) rya, vyatteya madhyhna-maryda. tata klindtre. 'vatrya sampyantu bhavanta panm pnya-tm. svadayantu ca svdni laukni. may tu suhttambhy rdmasubalbhy saha muhrtam agrato viramitavyam. (rma sakhibhi saha nikranta). sawith; smitama smile; viu-pada-vthmat the sky; avekyalooking; rmamto Lord Balarma; anusarpangooing; ryeO pious Rma; vyattapassed; madhya-ahnathe middle of the day; marydthe limit; tatatherefore; klindof the Yamun river; treon the shore; avatryahaving gone; sampayantu should bring to an end; bhavantaYou; panmof the cows; pnyafor water; tmthirst; svadayantumay relish; caand; svdnidelicious; lauknilau candies; mayby Me; tubut; suhttambhymwith the two dear friends; rdmardm; subalbhymand Subala; sahaalong with; muhrtama moment; agratain front; viramitavyamshould rest; rmaBalrma; sakhibhiby the friends; sahaaccompanied; nikrantaexits. Ka: (Smiling, He glances at the sky. Then He approaches Balarma). Noble friend, it is already late in the afternoon. Please take the cows to the Yamun's shore and let them satisfy their thirst. Please enjoy these delicious lau candies. I will rest for a moment with my dear friends rdm and Subala. (Balarma and the cowherd boy friends exit.) Text 32 (t) paurams: (svagatam) maypi praticchandasya siddhim avadhrayitu gantavyam. (iti kam abhinandya parikrmati). svagatamaside; mayby me; apieven; praticchandasyaof a picture; siddhimperfection; avadhrayitumto understand;

gantavyamshould be gone to; itithus; kamr Ka; abhinandyahaving greeted; parikrmaticircumambulates. Paurams: (aside) I should go and see if the picture of Ka is finished. (She respectfully takes leave of Ka and then departs.) Text 32 (u) ka: (padntare sthitv). sakhe rdman, ki da-prv te jagad-apurv rdh. (rdm salajja-smitam mukham avacayati). Subala: vaassa, diha-pvvetti ki etti-a bhasi. a imassa vahi kkhu es. padaa step; antarewithin; sthitvhaving stood; sakheO friend; rdmanrdm; kimhave; daseen; prvbefore; jagatin the universe; apurvunprecedented; rdhRdh; rdmrdm; sa-lajjaembarrassed; smitamsmile; mukham face; vancayatilowers; vaassaO friend; dihaseen; pvvetti before; kimwhat?; etti-amin this way; bhaasiare You saying; na indeed; imassahis; vahisister; kkhucertainly; esshe. Ka: (takes one step, and then pauses) Friend rdm, have you ever seen this Rdh, the most beautiful girl in the universe? (Smiling with embarrassment, rdm lowers his face.) Subala: Friend, how can You ask if he has seen her? Rdh is his sister. Text 32 (v) ka: tad ehi. kaam atra kadamba-sambdhe rodhasi niviya rdhnudhvand udvegi ceto vai-vdana-vinodenyata kipmi. (iti nikrant.) tattherefore; ehiplease go; kaama moment; atrahere; kadambaof kadamba trees; sambdhefull; rodhasion the shore; niviyahaving stopped; rdhRdh; anubhvantbecause of

anxious thought; udvegiwith the pastimes; anyatain some other place; kipmiI will throw; itithus; nikrantthey exit. Ka: Come. Let us go under these kadamba trees by the riverbank. Into pastimes of playing the flute I will throw this heart excited with thoughts of Rdh, (They exit.) Text 32 (w) paurams: (parikramya pura payant payant snandam.) katham ita eva vayasyay vihasyama vikrati me vatseya rdhik. (iti latntare sthitv). parikramyahaving circumambulated; purabefore the eyes; payantseeing; sawith; nandamdelight; kathamhow?; ita here; evacertainly; vayasyaywith a friend; vihasyamnbeing made to laugh; vikratiplaying; memy; vatsdaughter; iyam this; rdhikrmat Rdhr; itithus; latthe creeper; antare within; sthitvhaving stood. Paurams: (Walking about, she looks ahead and becomes joyful.) Why is my child Rdh here, playing and joking with a friend? (She hides behind a flowering-vine.) Text 33 (x) bald aknor lakmi kavalayati navya kuvalaya mukhollsa phulla kamala-vanam ullaghayati ca da kam a-padam api nayaty gika-rucir vicitra rdhy kim api kila rpam vilasati baltby force; aknoof the two eyes; lkmthe beauty; kavalayatidevours; navyamnewly awakened; kuvalayamlotus flower; mukha-ullsathe beauty of the face; phullamfructified; kamala-vanama forest of lotus flowers; ullaghayatisurpasses; ca also; damto a situation; katmpainful; a-padamgold; api even; nayatibrings; gika-rucithe luster of the body; vicitram

wonderful; rdhyof rmat Rdhr; kim apisome; kila certainly; rpamthe beauty; vilasatimanifests. The beauty of rmat Rdhr's eyes forcibly devours the beauty of newly grown blue lotus flowers, and the beauty of Her face surpasses that of an entire forest of fully blossomed lotuses. Her bodily luster seems to place even gold in a painful situation. Thus the wonderful, unprecedented beauty of rmat Rdhr is awakening in Vndvana.* Text 32 (y) tad etayor nirmala-narma-goh-pratibandha parihant vrunniruddhendhun vikh ymi. (iti nikrant.) tattherefore; etayoof the two; nirmalapure; narmajoking; gohconversation; pratibandhamin relation to; parharant shunning; virutby the creepers; niruddhenahidden; adhunnow; vikhmto Vikh-gop; ymiI will go; itithus; nikrantshe exits. Not staying to joke with these two, I will go, hidden by these flowering vines, to Vikh. (Paurams exits.) Text 33 (a) (tata praviati lalitaynugamyamn rdhik.) rdhik: hal lalide ki karedi ajji-. lalit: sahi, tuha surade-assa p-kide es tamla-tale vedi-a immdi. tatathen; praviatienters; lalitayby Lalit; anugamyamm followed; rdhikrmat Rdhr; halO; lalideLalit; kim what?; karediis doing; ajji-the noble-gopi; sahiO friend; tuha your; sura-de-assaof the sun-god; p-worship; kideperformed; esshe; tamlaof a tamala tree; taleat the base; vedi-amaltar; immdiis constructing.

(Followed by Lalit, Rdh enters.) Rdhik: Lalit, what is the noble lady doing? Lalit: Friend, under that tamla tree she is making an altar to worship the sun-god. Text 33 (b) rdhik: (puro 'valokya) hal lalide, sakemi s cce-a es vunda- j-e mhur tu-e puo puo mama va-adi. lalit: hal, s jjeva es kahassa ll-rukha-vi-. puraahead; avalokyalooking; halO; lalideLalit; sakemiI think; sthis; cce-acertainly; esthis; vunda-the forest of Vndvana; j-eof which; mhurbeauty; tu-eby you; puo puaagain and again; mamaof me; va-adiis described; hal O; sthis; jjevacertainly; esthis; kahassaof Ka; llfor pastimes; rukkhatree; vi-banyan. Rdhik: (looking ahead) I think this must be Vndvana Forest, whose sweetness you describe again and again. Lalit: Friend, this is the banyan tree where Ka enjoys pastimes. Text 33 (c) rdhik: (sautsukyam tmagatam) aho mahuratta doa accharam. (prakam) sahi, kassa tti bhasi. lalit: (skta-smitam) hal, bhami kahassa tti. sawith; autsukyamagitation; tma-gatamaside; ahaO; mahurattamsweetness; doamof the two; accharamsyllables; prakamopenly; sahiO friend; kassaof whom?; ttithus; bhasi are you speaking; sawith; ktaa purpose; smitamsmiled; hal O; bhamiI say; kahassaof Ka; ttithus. Rdhik: (agitated, she says to herself:) What sweetness is in these two syllables? (openly) Friend, whom did you say? Lalit: (intentionally smiling) I said Ka.

Text 33 (d) rdhik: (puna svagatam) hanta jassa mvi rmvitta ittha mohedi so kkhu kdiso v mi tti. (iti svahittha prakam) hal, im-i ni-ujovari pujid-i guj-phal-i bi-iissam. punaagain; svagatamaside; hantaO; jassaof whom; nmvi by even the name; rmof beautiful women; cittamthe minds; itthamin this way; mohedienchants; saHe; kkhuindeed; kidisasomeone like this; vor; nmnamed; ttithus; itithus; sawith; avahitthamconcealment of her actual emotions; prakam openly; halO; im-imthese; ni-ujovariin the grove; pujid assembled; guj-phal-imguja berries; bi-iissamI will collect. Rdhik: (again, aside) Ah, this name charms the hearts of beautiful girls. What is the owner of this name like? (concealing her emotions, she speaks openly.) I will go and pick those guj berries in the forest. Text 33 (e) lalit: (saparihsam. sansktena.) deha te bhuvanntarla-virala-cchy-vilsspada m kauthala-cncalki latik-jle pravea krh navym ajana-puja-majula-ruci kuje-car devat knt kntibhir akitm iha vane niakam karati dehambody; teyour; bhuvanain the universe; antarlain the midst; viralarare; cchyshadow; vilsaof beauty; spadam abode; mdon't; kauthalawith curiosity; cacalamoving; aki eyes; latikof creerpers; jlein the network; praveamentrance; kthndo; navymyoung; ajanaof ointments; pujaof a great abundance; majulabeautiful; rucisplendor; kujein this grove; carmoving; devatdemigod; kntmlover; kntibhiwith great beauty; akitmmarked; ihahere; vanein this forest; niakam easily; karatienchants.

Lalit: (joking, she says in Sanskrit) O girl whose restless eyes are eager to look at everything, O girl whose body is the abode of a splendor and playfulness even the shadow of which cannot be found anywhere in the three worlds, don't enter that trap of flowering-vines. The handsome snd splendid demigod who moves in that forest and who is dark like black mascara will cast a spell on You and make You His newest lover. Text 34 (a) rdhik: (kicid bhteva parvtya sanarma-smitam) sahi lalide, te de-ad-e ma tuma -ahidsi ja eda jsi. lalit: (vihasya) hal, m ksa es a-ahadu. a kkhu aha tuma vi-a kanthi nkid. kicitsomewhat; bhtafraid; ivaas if; parvtyahaving stopped; sa-narmajoking; smitamsmile; sahiO friend; lalide Lalit; t-eby this; de-ad-edemigod; namat present; tumam you; -ahidsiare attracted; jamwhich; edamthis; jsiyou know; vihasyalaughing; halO; mmme; ksafor what reason?; esHe; -ahadumay attract; anot; kkhuindeed; ahamI; tumamyou; vi-aas it were; kanthimwith great beauty; akid marked. Rdhik: (As if She were afraid, She conceals Her joking smile.) Friend Lalit, you know that this demigod has you in His spell. Lalit: (laughs) Ha! Why would He cast a spell on me? It is You who are drawn to His splendor. Text 34 (b) Rdhik: (niamya camatkra svagatam) ammahe, imassa mohaattaa addassa. (iti vaiya nayati.) Lalit: (vilokya svagatam) hu, es komalg kurag pahamam ivaid. niamyalistening; camatkramwith amazement; svagatam aside; ammaheamazing!; imassaof this; mohaattaamthe enchantiness; addassaof the sound; itithus; vaivayamloss of composure; nayatirepresents dramatically; vilokyaseeing; svagatamaside; humO; esthis; komaladelicate; agbody;

kuragdeer; pahamamimmediately; jleinto the net; ivai fallen. (Flute-music comes from offstage.) Rdhik: (Listening, She becomes full of wonder. She says to herself:) Wonderful! What an enchanting sound! (She is overcome.) Lalit: (looking at Rdh, she says to herself:) For the first time the doe with delicate limbs falls into the hunter's trap. Text 34 (c) rdhik: (prayatnena dhairyam lambya. svagatam.) avi ma a saddmi-apra uggiranta jaa pekkhissam. prayatnenawith great effort; dhairyamcomposure; lambya grasps; svagatamaside; avi maI wish; amthis; saddaof sound; ami-anectar; pramoverflowing river; pekkhissamthat I will see. Rdhik: (with great difficulty She regains composure. Then She says to Herself) I must find the person who made the flood of nectar that is this sound. Text 34 (d) lalit: (upastya) hal rhe, atthi maduvari tuha visuddha-buddh. rdhik: hal, ksa evva bhasi. tuma jevva tattha pamam. lalit: kadhedu pi-asah kiti ake vivas asi tumam. upastyaapproaching; halO; rheRdh; atthithere is; mad-uvariin relation to me; tuhayour; visuddhapure; buddhi intelligence; halO; ksafrom what?; evvamcertainly; bhasi you are saying; tumamyou; jevvacertainly; tatthathere; pamamevidence; kadhedumay speak; pi-adear; sahfriend; kimtiwhat; akeunexpectedly; vivaslost all composure; asi are; tumamyou. Lalit: (approaches Rdh) Rdh, do You trust me? Rdhik: Why do you ask? You can bear witness to that.

Lalit: Then my dear friend will tell me. Why are You suddenly overwhelmed? Text 34 (e) rdhik: (salajjam, sansktena.) nda kadamba-viapntarato visarpan ko nma kara-padavm avian na jhe h h kulna-ghi-gaa-garhany yendya km api da sakhi lambhitsmi sawith; lajjamembarrassment; sansktenain Sanskrit; nda sound; kadambakadamba; viapagrove; antaratafrom within; visarpanmoving; kawhat?; nmaindeed; karaof the ears; padavmpath; avianentering; nanot; jneI understand; h h O! O!; kulnachaste; ghihousewives; gaaby the community; garhaymto be accused; yenaby which; adya today; km apisome; damcondition; sakhiO friend; lambhit attained; asmiI have. Rdhik: (embarrassed, says in Sanskrit) What is this sound from the kadamba trees that now walks on the pathway of My ears? Friend, because of this sound I have now entered a state that is despicable for a chaste housewife. Text 35 (a) lalit: hal, eso muralra-o. rdhik: (savyatham, sansktena.) ajaa kampa-sampd sastrd anyo nikntana tpano 'nuatdhra ko 'ya v mural-rava halO; esathis; muralof the flute; ra-asound; sa-vyatham agitated; ajaawithout snow; kampatrembling; dampdin the good fortune; sastrtthan a weapon; anyaother; nikntana cutting; tpanathe hot summer season; anuatnot warm;

dharapossessing; kawhat?; ayamthis; vor; muralof the flute; ravhsound. Lalit: Ah, it is the sound of the flute! Rdhik: (agitated) What kind of flute-music is this? It brings no snow and cold, but still it makes Me tremble. It is not a weapon, but still it cuts Me. It brings no heart, but still it has set Me on fire. Text 36 (a) (ity udvega nayant.) hal, na mural--assa aahi. t ala vippalambhea. phua eso kea vi mah--area kovi mohaa pah-adi. itithus; udvegamagitation; nayantexpression dramatically; halO!; anot; ahamI; muralof the flute; -assaof the sound; aahiaunaquainted; tthat; alamwhat is the use?; vippalambheaof this deception; phuammanifested; esathis; kea viby someone; mahgreat; -areaby a clever (magician); kovisome; mohaacharming; mantamantra; pah-adiis read. (agitated) I don't understand this flute-music. Enough with this deception! Some charming mantra has been read by a clever magician! Text 36 (b) (praviya citra-paa-hast vikh.) vikh: (rdhm avadhrayant svagatam.) di adis es lakkh-adi. t na kaassa vasi--e asid. hodu. pucchissam. praviyaentering; citra-paaa picture; hastin her hand; vikhVikh-gop; rdhmrmat Rdhr; avadhrayat noticing; svagatamaside; dimat present; adisappearing completely different; esshe; lakkh-adiappears; ttherefore; namat present; kahassabitten; hoduit may be; pucchissamI will enquire.

(Vikh enters, carrying a picture in her hand.) Vikh: (Observes Rdh, and says to herself:) She is transformed! Perhaps She was bitten by Ka's flute. I will ask her about it. Text 36 (c) (ity upastya prakam. sansktena.) ko pakilayanti pakaja-rucor ako payo-bindava vss tayanti pu-vadane drd uro-jukam mrti danturayanti santatam am romca-puj ca te manye mdhava-mdhur ravaayor abhyam abhyyayau itithus; upastyaapproaching; prakamopenly; sanktena in Sanskrit; komearth; pakilayantiturns into mud; pakaja lotus; rucosplendor; akofrom the eyes; paya-bindava tears; vsbreath; tdayantidances; puwhite; vadane face; drta great distance; urojabreasts; aukamgarment; mrtimform; danturayanticovered with hairs standing upright; santatamconstantly; amthese; romacahairs standing upright; pujmultitude; caand; teyour; manyeI consider; mdhavaof Lord Mdhava; mdhurthe sweetness; ravaayoof the ears; abhyamnearness; abhyyayauwent. (Approaching, she openly says in Sanskrit) O girl whose face has turned white, the tears from your lotus-eyes muddy the ground, Your sighs make Your bodice dance, and the hairs of Your body stand up. I think the sweetness of Ka's flute must have entered Your ears. Text 37 (a) rdhik: (ankaritakenaiva sotkampam.) lalide, puo eso so jjeva kovi saddo vikkamadi. anakritakenanot hearing; sa-utkampamtrembling; lalideO Lalit; puaagain; esathis; sathis; jjevaindeed; kovisome; saddasound; vikkamadimoves.

Rdhik: (not giving ear to these words, Rdh trembles) Lalit, it is that sound again. Text 37 (b) lalit: (sansktena) ea sthairya-bhujaga-sagha-damansage vihagevaro vr-vydhi-dhur-vidhnana-vidhau tanvagi dhanvantari sdhv-garva-bharmburi-culukrambhe tu kumbhodbhava klind-taa-maalu mural-tud dhvanir dhvati sansktenain Sanskrit; eathis; sthairyacomposure; bhujaga of snakes; saghamultitude; damanadefeating; sagein attachment; vihagaof birds; varathe king (Garua); vrof shyness; vidhauin the activity; tanudelicate; agibody; dhanvantariLord Dhanvantari; sdhvof pious girls; garvaof the pride; bharaabundance; amburiof the ocean; culukaof drinking; rambhein the beginning; tuand; kumbhodbhavaAgastya Muni; klindof the Yamun river; taaof the banks; maaluin the area; muralof the flute; tutfrom the mouth; dhvanithe sound; dhvatirung. Lalit: (in Sanskrit) O girl with the slender limbs, in the circle of the Yamun's shore, from a flute's beak comes a sound that is a Garua that defeats the snakes of the gops' peace, a Dhanvantari that cures the gops' shyness, an Agastya Muni that drinks up the ocean of the saintly gops' pride. Text 38 (a) rdhik: sahi, jd maha hi-a-e kvi guru- ve-a. t gadu-a supissam. vikh: hal, rhe, tuha ve-a-viddhasaa kivi eda osaha maha hatthe vaadi. t sevehi am. sahiO friend; jdproduced; mahamy; hi-a-ein the heart; kvisome; guru-intense; ve-adistress; tthat; gadu-a having gone; supisamI will sleep; halO; rheRdh; tuhayour; ve-asuffering; viddhasaamelimination; kivisome; edam

this; osahammedicinal herb; mahamy; hatthein the hand; vattadi is; tatherefore; sevehiplease take; namit. Rdhik: Friend, a great suffering has now taken birth in My heart. Only when I leave it behind will I again be able to sleep at night. Vikh: Rdh, in my hand is a medicine to cure Your suffering. Take it. Text 38 9b) rdhik: vikhe, ehi. aganovakahe phulla-ka-ra- maalcch-a ajjhsi-a pekkhamhe. (iti niskrantah sarve.) vikheO Vikh; ehigo!; aganacourtyard; uvakahenear; phullaopened; kai-aralotus flowers; maalarea; cch-am shade; ajjhsi-ahaving entered; pekkhamhewe shall see; itithus; niskrantahexit; sarveall. Rdhik: Vikh, come. Let us go into the shade of this circle of blossoming karikra flowers in the courtyard. (They exit.) Thus ends Act One.

Act Two Manmatha-lekh The Love-letter Text 1 (a) (tata praviati nndmukh.) nndmukh: dihamhi tattahod-e paurams-e, jadh-a-i andmuhi, suda ma-e nibbhar asuttha-sarr me vacch rh. t gadu-a jni se tatta tti. tado muhar-ghara gamissam. (iti

parikramya puah payant.) kaha idha jjeva kandant muhar-accha-i. tatathen; praviatienters; nandmukhNandmukh; dihamhiI have been instructed; tattahod-eby her ladyship; paurams-eby Paurams; jadhin the following way; a-iO; nandmuhiNandmukh; sudamheard; ma-eby me; nibhar intense; asutthaillness; srrbody; memy; vacchchild; rh Rdh; ttherefore; gadu-ahaving gone; jhiplease learn; se her; tattamtruth of the situation; ttithus; tadotherefore; muhar of Mukhar; gharamhouse; gamissamI am about to go; itithus; parikramyagoing; punaagain; payatiseeing; kahamhow is it?; idhahere; jjevaindeed; andantcrying; muharMukhar; -cchaiis coming. (Nndmukh enters.) Nndimukh: Paurams ordered me: "O Nndmukh, I heard that my child Rdh is feeling very ill. Go to hear and learn the truth of Her condition." That is why I am now going to Mukhar's house. (She begins to go, and then see Mukhar.) Why is weeping Mukhar coming here? Text 1 (b) Mukhar: haddh haddh, hadamhi manda-bh-i. Nndmukh: ajje muhare, ksa ro-asi. Mukhar: (vilokya) vacche, rh-sandvaa. haddh haddhalas! Alas!; hadamhiI am struck; manda-bh-i unfortunate; ajjepious; muhareO Mukhar; ksawhy?; ro-asi are you crying; vilokyaglancing; vaccheO child; rhRdh's; sandvenabecause of the suffering. Mukhar: (enters) Alas! Alas! I am ruined! I am very unfortunate! Nndmukh: Pious Mukhar, why do you weep? Mukhar: (glancing at Nndmukh) Child, because of Rdh's suffering. Text 1 (c)

Nndmukh: kerima ceha- rh. Mukhar: vacche, v-ul bhavi-a kivi palava-i. kerisamin what manner; ceha-iacts; rhRdh; vaccheO child; v-ulcrazy; bhavi-ahaving become; kivisomething; palava-ishe talks. Nndmukh: What does She do? Mukhar: Child, She talks like a madwoman. Text 1 (d) (iti sansktena) krrm alin malinay ktya na me mlay blna kim u narmaas tava pada dr-bhava prgat ity dni durakari parita svapne tath jgare jalpant jalajeka kapayati kleena rtrindivam itithus; sansktenain Sanskrit; krrmcruel; alinmof the bees; kulaiby the multitudes; malinayblackened; ktyam proper action; nanot; meof me; mlayby the garland; bla young girl; ahamI; kim uwhether?; narmaaof joking; tava Your; padamword; dr-bhavago far away; prgatfrom this courtyard; itithus; dnibeginning with this; durakari incoherent words; paritaeverywhere; svapneduring sleep; tath in the same way; jgarewhile awake; jalpantspeaking; jalaja lotus; kaeyes; kapayatishe passes; kleenawith great pain; rtrimthe night; divamand the day. (in Sanskrit) "Cruel bumblebees should not blacken My flower garland. I am only a girl. Why do you joke like that? Go far away from this courtyard." Awake and asleep talking in that crazy way, the lotuseyed girl suffers day and night. Text 2 (a) Nndmukh: (svagatam) uvasaggakid na kkhu eris palvamudd. t dihi- vikkamida ettha kaha-vilsea.

Mukhar: vacche, aha gadu-a bhaavad viavissam. tuma vedas-kuja uvasappi-a rhi-a peccha. (iti nikrnte.) svagatamaside; uvasaggaa fit of madness; kidperformed; na not; kkhuindeed; erislike this; palvatalking; muddsign; t that; dihi-by good fortune; vikkamidamactivity; etthahere; kahawith Ka; vilseaby the pastimes; vaccheO child; aham I; gadu-ahaving gone; bhaavdimto her; viavissamI shall inform; tumamyou; vedasof vetas trees; kujamto the grove; uvasappi-ahaving entered; rhi-amrmat Rdhr; peccha please observe; itithus; nikrntethey exit. Nndmukh: (aside) That talk is not the mark of madness. It is the mark of good fortune, of being overcome by Lord Ka's pastimes. Mukhar: Child, I will go to the noble lady and tell her. You go to the vetas grove and watch Rdh. (They exit.) Text 2 (b) (tata praviati sakhbhym upsyamn rdh.) Radha: (sodvegam svagatam.) hadahi-a-a. jassa paicchandadasaamettdo ris durha-sagam uvatthid de avasth ttha vi puo rm-a vahasi. tatathen; praviatienters; sakhbhymby her two close friends (Lalit and Vikh); upsyamnserved; rdhrmat Rdhr; sa-udvegamagitated; svagatamaside; hadawounded; hi-a-aheart; jassaof which; paicchandaof a picture; dasaaby the seeing; mettadoonly; rislike this; durhadifficult to understand; sagamcontact; uvatthidattained; deyour; avasth situation; ttha visomewhere; puoagain; r-amlove; vahasi you carry. (Served by two friends, Lalit and Vikh, Rdh enters.) Rdha: (Agitated, she says to herself) O wounded heart, simply by looking at a picture you have fallen wildly and passionately in love.

Text 2 (c) Ubhe: hal rhi-e mayehinto vilakkhao de ve-aubandhe lakkh-adi. t ksa amhesu tatta a kadhesi. (rdhik nivasya vaktra vyvartayati.) ubheboth (Lalit and Vikh; rhi-eO Rdh; mayehinto because of illness; vilakkhaosymptoms; deyour; ve-ato distress; anubandhain relation; lakkh-adiis perceived; t therefore; ksathe truth; anot; kadhesiyou tell; rdhik rmat Rdhr; nivasyasighing; vaktramface; vykartayati turns away. Lalit and Vikh: Rdh, we see how You suffer. Why will You not tell us the truth? (Rdh sighs and turns her face away.) Text 2 (d) vikh: (puro 'bhigamya. sansktena) cint-santatir adya kntati sakhi svntasya ki te dhti ki v sicasi tmram ambaram ati-avedmbhas ambaram kampa campaka-gauri lumpati vapu-sthairya katha v balt tathya brhi na magal parijane sagopang-kti purain front; abhimagamyahaving gone; sansktenain Sanskrit; cintof anxieties; santatia multitude; adyaat present; kntatiare tearing apart; sakhiO friend; svntasyaof the heart and mind; kimwhy?; teyour; dhtimcomposure; kim vwhy?; sicasiyou sprinkle; tmramreddish; ambaramgarments; atisvedawith much perspiration; ambhasmof the water; amraram abundance; kampatrembling; campakaas a campaka flower; gauri fair; lumpatibreak; vapuof your body; sthairyamsteadiness; katham vand why is it?; baltby force; tathyamtruthfully; brhi please tell; nanot; mangalauspicious; parijaneto your servants; sagopanaconcealment; ag-ktiacceptance.

Vikh: (confronting Rdh, in Sanskrit) O friend, why do these sufferings cut to pieces the peacefulness in Your heart? Why do You sprinkle Your red garments with a flood of perspiration? O girl fair like a yellow campaka flower, why does trembling now break the steadiness of Your body? Please tell the truth. It is not good to hide the truth from Your friends. Text 3 (a) rdhik: (ssuyam) a-i ihure vishe, tuma eva pucchant vi a lajjasi. vikh: (saakam) hal, kahi pi avaraddhamhi tti a sumarmi. sawith; asyamindignation; a-iO; nihurecruel; vishe Vikh; tumamyou; evamindeed; pucchantenquiring; vieven; nanot; lajjasiare ashamed; sawith; akamfear; halO; kahim piat some time; avaraddhamhiI have become an offender; tti thus; anot; sumarmiI remember. Rdhik: (indignat) Cruel Vikh, are you not ashamed to question me in this way? Vikh: (worried) Perhaps I once offended you, but I do remember it. Text 3 (b) rdhik: a-i ikkive, ksa evva bhasi. sumari-a pekkha. vikh: hal, garu-ea vi paihea a me sumaraa hodi. a-iO; ikkavemerciless one; ksawhy?; evvamin this way; bhasiyou are speaking; sumari-ahaving remembered; pekkha please look; halO; garu-eaintense; vieven; paiheawith endeavor; anot; memy; sumaraamremembrance; hodiis. Rdhik: Merciless girl, why do you talk like that? Remember and look. Vikh: Even with a great effort, I still do not remember. Text 3 (c)

rdhik: ummatte, gahae imassi acchidala-kue tuma jjeva maha pakkheva. vikh: kadha vi-a. rdhik: (seryam) a-i micchsarale, lekkhagada-bhu-aga-sagii, ciha ciha. ummatteO madwoman; gahaedeep; imassiin this; acchhidavery inauspicious; analaof fife; kuein the lake; tumammyou jjevaindeed; mahaof me; pakkhevathrowing; kahdham vi-ahow did I do that?; sawith; ryammalice and impatience; a-iO; micch-asaralecrooked liar; lekkha-gadain the picture; bhu-agaof the serpent; saginiO friend; cihastand! Do not move!. Rdhik: Crazy girl, you threw Me into the lake of eternal burning fire! Vikh: How is that? Rdhik: (with malice and impatience) Crooked liar, friend of the snake in this picture! Stay! Stay! Text 3 (d) (iti savaivaya sansktena) vitanvnas tanv marakata-rucn rucirat pan niknto 'bhd dhta-ikhi-ikhao nava-yuv (ity ardhoktau vk-stambha aayati.) (sakhyau sabhrbhngam anyo 'nya payata.) itithus; sawith; vaivayamloss of control; sansktenain Sankrit; vitanvnamanifesting; tanvwith His form; marakataof emeralds; rucnmof the splendor; ruciratmbrilliance; pat from the picture; nikrntacome forth; abhtbecome; dhta held; ikhi-ikhaapeacock feather; navafresh; yuvwith youthfulness; itithus; ardhahalf; uktauin the speech; vkof the voice; stambhamchoking; nayatirepresented dramatically; sakhyauthe two friends (Lalit and Vikh); sawith; bhr-bhagam knitting of the eyebrows; anya-anyammutally; payatalook.

(Overcome, Rdh says in Sanskrit) Splendid like sapphires and decorated with peacock feathers, a teenage boy stepped out of that picture. (In the middle of Her words, Her voice becomes choked. Her two friends look at each other with raised eyebrows.) Text 3 (e) bhruva tena kiptv kim api hasatonmdita-mate a vtto vahni param ahaha vahnir mama a bhruvameyebrows; tenaby Him; kiptvhaving moved; kim apisome; hasatsmiling; unmditaderanged; matemind; a moon; vttaactivity; vahnifire; paramthen; ahahaalas; vahnifire; mamamy; amoon. When He smiled and moved His eyebrows, my heart became mad. The fire in My heart shone like the moon. Then the moon of My heart entered the fire. Text 4 (a) lalit: hal, ki eso siviassa vilso. halO; kimwhat?; esothis; siviassaof a dream; vilso pastime. Lalit: Did this happen in a dream? Text 4 (b) rdhik: (sansktena) ki svapnasya vilaka gatir iya ki jgarasythav ki rtrer upasattir eva rabhasd ahna kim ahnya v ittha ymala-candrik-paricaya-spandena sandpitair anta-kobha-kulair aha parivt prajtum ajbhavam

sansktenain Sanskrit; kimwhat?; svapnasyaof a dream; vilakacharacteristics; gatimotion; iyamthis; jgarasyaof the waking state; athavor; kimwhat; ratreof the night; upasatticonnection; evaindeed; rabhastagitation; ahnaday; kimwhat; ahnyainstantly; vor; itthamin this way; ymala dark; candrikmoonlight; paricayaaccumulation; spandenaby the movement; sandpitaiexcited; antainternal; kobhaof intense emotions; kulaiby the multitudes; ajignorant; abhavamI became. Rdhik: (in Sanskrit) Was it a dream, or was I awake? Was it night, or was it day? I do not know. The light from the dark moon of that teenage boy filled My heart with flames. Text 5 (a) vikh: (skutam) hal rhe, a eso de citta-vibbhamo jevva kkhai-o. rdhik: (sbhyasyam) a-i aviaddhe, viramehi, ksa appao dosa jhampidu pa-ttsi. sawith; ktaman intention; halO; rheRdh; am now; esothis; deof you; cittaof the mind; vibbhamo bewilderment; jjevacertainly; kkhai-omomentary; sawith; abhyasyamindignation; a-iO; aviaddheuntrusting; viramehi please stop; ksawhy; appaoof yourself; dosamoffense; jhampidumto conceal; pa-uttsiyou are engaged. Vikh: (with feeling) O Rdh, Your heart was bewildered for a moment. Rdhik: (indignant) Faithless girl, stop! Why try to cover up your offense? Text 5 (b) (iti sansktena) kt bhakti-cohedair ghusa-ghana-cardm adhivahan punar labdho lubdha priyaka-taru-mle caula-dh lapanty skepa nahi nahi nanti smita-mukhe

hahn me durlla sa kila bhuja-vall-dalam adht itithus; sansktenain Sanskrit; ktmdone; bhakti-chedai with decorative marks; ghusakukuma; ghanaintense; carcm anointing; adhivahancarrying; punaagain; labdhaattained; lubdhaeager; priyakakadamba; tarutree; mleat the base; caulafickle; dhmind; lapantyspeaking; skepamin a teasing manner; nahi nahi nahino, no, no!; itithus; smitasmiling; mukhamouth; hahtviolently; meof me; durlla mischievous; saHe; kilaindeed; bhujaarm; vallof the creeper; dalampetal; adhtplaced. (in Sanskrit) Decorated with designs drawn in kukuma, that passionate mischievous boy sat under a kadamba tree. Saying No! No! No!", I pushed Him away. Then that rogue forcibly touched Me with a flower petal from the blossoming vine of His arm. Text 6 tata ca daronmlan-nlotpala-dala-rucas tasya nibid virhn sadya kara-sarasija-spara-kutukt vahant kobh nivaham iha njiam ida kva vha cakara kim aha vs sakhi tada tatathen; caand; daraslight; unmilatopening; nilotpalaof a blue lotus flower; dalaof the petal; rucaluster; tasyaof Him; nibitintense; virhnmsprouted; sadyaimmediately; kara of the hand; sarasijalotus; sparafor the touch; kutuktbecause of desire; vahantcarrying; kobhmtrembling and agitation; nivahamabundance; ihahere; nanot; ajsiamI knew; idam this; kvawhere?; vor; ahamI; kwho?; vor; ahamI; cakara I did; kimwhat?; ahamI; vor; sakhiO friend; tadthen. Longing for the touch of the lotus hand of that boy dark like a blue lotus petal, I trembled. Where was I? Who was I? What was I doing? Friend, I did not know. Text 7 (a)

(iti vaivaya nayati svagatam.) a-i duha-hia-a makkaa, kaho vaiavi-o smala-kisoro tti tiesu purisesu r-a vahanto vi tuma a lajjasi. t di appa pmara tuma hadsa karissam. itithus; vaivayamagitation; nayatirepresents dramatically; svagatamaside; a-iO; duhawicked; hi-a-aheart; makkaa monkey; kahoKa; vaiavi-othe fulte-player; smalawho has a blackish complexion; kisoroyouth; ttithus; tiesuto three; purisesupersons; r-amlove; vahantobearing; vialthough; tumamyou; nanot; lajjasiare ashamed; ttherefore; dim now; appambody; vvdi-ahaving destroyed; pmaramwicked; tumamyou; hadsamwithout hope; karissamI will destroy. (Agitated, She says to herself:) Wicked heart! Monkey! Are you not ashamed to love three persons simultaneously? You love Ka, and you also love the flute-player, and now you love this dark teenage boy. O heart, when I kill my body, I will also kill wretched, hopeless you. Text 7 (b) lalit: hanta, hata-mammaha-sacivassa vasantassa vipphujidea dsid ede parisar dsanti. t ki ettha saraam. hantaO; hatawretched; mammahaof cupid; sacivassaof the friend; vasantassaof spring; vipphujideaby the appearance; dsidspoiled; edethese; parisarplaces; dsantiare seen; t that; kimwhat?; etthahere; saraamrefuge. Lalit: Look! Springtime, the prime minister of King Kmadeva, has come and polluted everything. Who will save us from him? Text 7 (c) rdhik: (sansktena) vikrantu para-parvata-ta-sasargio mrut khelanth kalayantu komalatar pus-kokil kkalm sarambhea ilmukh dhvani-bhto vidhyantu man-mnasa hsyanty sakhi me vyath param am kurvanti shyakm

sansktenain Sanskrit; vikrantuilet them play; paraof sandalwood; parvataof the hills; tawith the slopes; sasargia manifested; mrutbreezes; khelantaplaying; kalayantulet them sound; komalatarmpleasent; pus-kokilcuckoos; kkalm warbling; sarambheawith a flurry; ilmukhbees; dhvanibhtabuzzing; vidhyantumy pierce; matmy; mhasamheart; hsyantywho is about to abandon; sakhiO friend; meof me; vyathmsuffering; paramcompletely; amthese; kurvanti provide; shyakamaid. Rdhik: (in Sanksrit) Let the breezes from the sandalwood mountains play. Let the playful cuckoos sweetly sing. Let the buzzing bees attack My heart. Friend, they will help Me end My troubles. Text 8 a ubhe: (ssram) hal, edhi ghora-cinthi ksa kilimmasi. amhehi takkida adi-metta-dullaho a kkhu de hi-a-ahido attho. ubheboth (Lalit and Vikh); sawith asramtears; halO; edhimby these; ghoraterrible; cinthimsufferings; ksawhy?; kilimmasiyou have become exhausted; amhehimby us; takkidam surmised; adi-mettaextremely; dullahodifficult to attain; anot; kkhuindeed; deyour; hi-a-aof the heart; hidosituation; attho aim. Lalit and Vikh: (weeping) Why were You attacked by these terrible sufferings? We do not understand the unusual longings in Your heart. Text 8 (b) rdhik (nivasya sansktena) iya sakhi sudusdhy rdh hdaya-vedan kt yatra cikitspi kutsy paryavasyati

nivasyasighing; sansktenain Sanskrit; iyamthis; sakhimy dear friend; sudusdhyincurable; rdhof rmat Rdhr; hdaya-vedanpalpitation of the heart; ktdone; yatrain which; cikitstreatment; apialthough; kutsymin defamation; paryavasyatiend in. Rdhik: (sighs) My dear friend, these palpitations of rmat Rdhr's heart are extremely difficult to cure. Even if one applied some medical treatment, it would only end in defamaion.* Text 9 (a) t viavemi imassi osare jadh sudiha ekka lad-psa lahemi tadh siehessa ikkidi karedha. ttherefore; viavemiI am intructing; imassiin this; osare moment; jadhjust as; sudihamvery firm; ekkamone; ladof the creeper; psamnetwork; lahemiI may attain; tadhin the same way; siehassaof love; ikkidimcure; karedhaplease perform. I will tell you how to cure Me. If this flowering-vine were wrapped about My neck like a noose, and I were hanged, then you would cure My disease of love. Text 9 (b) ubhe: (savyatham) hal, evva drua bhaant m kkhu saha jvida lumpehi. am paccsa ahtha-siddh. sawith; vyathamagitation; halO; evvamin this way; druamterrible; bhaantspeaking; mdon't; kkhuindeed; sahamof your friends; jvidamlife; lumpehitake away; amat present; paccasnear at hand; deyour; ahitthadesired; siddh goal. Lalit and Vikh: (agitated) Don't talk in that horrible way! Don't break your friends' lives! Soon You will attain what You long for.

Text 9 (c) rdhik: saho, a jdha im-e hada-rh-e hi-a-a- duddhataam, ja evva matedha. sahoO friends; anot; jndhayou understand; im-eof her; hadawounded; rh-eof Rdh; hi-a-aof the heart; duddhataam wickedness; jambecause; evvamin this way; mantedhayou counsel. Rdhik: Friends, you speak this advice only because you do not know the evil in wounded Rdh's heart. Text 9 (d) kadhida jevva savva pi-a-sah-e. rdhik: ahu ahu, guru- lajj ivredi. kahiddhamspoken; jevvacertainly; savvameverything; pi-asah-eby our dear friend (rmat Rdhr); ahu ahuno, no; guru-intense; lajjshame; nivrediprevents. Lalit and Vikh: Our dear friend has told us everything. Rdhik: No, no. Her great shame stops Her from revealing it. Text 9 (e) sakhyau; hal, appasa-sdo vi guru-o amhesu tuha sieho lakkhadi. t bahirag-e lajj-e ko attha auroho. sakhyauthe two friends (Lalit and Vikh); apasa-sdofrom yourself; vieven; guru-ointense; mahesuto us; tuhayour sieho love; lakkh-adiis perceived; ttherefore; bahirag-eexternal; lajj-e ; kowhat?; atthahere; aurohorelation. Lalit and Vikh: We see Your great love. How can Your shame, standing outside, hide it?

Text 9 (f) rdhik: (sansktena) ekasya rutam eva lumpati mati keti nmkara sndronmda-paramparm upanayaty anyasya va-kala ea snigdha-ghana-dyutir manasi me lagna pae vkant kaa dhik purua-traye ratir abhn manye mti reyas sansktenain Sanskrit; ekasyaof one person; rutamheard; lumpatitake away; matimthe mind; ka itiKa; nmaakaramthe letters of the name; sndra-unmdaof intense madness; paramparma shower; upanayatibrings; anyasyaof another; va-kalathe sound vibration of the flute; eathis third one; snigdhagiving love; ghana-dyutilightninglike effulgence; manasiin the mind; meMy; lagnaattachment; paein the picture; vikantby seeing; katam dhikoh, shame upom Me; purua-trayeto three persons; ratiattachment; abhthas appeared; manyeI think; mtideath; reyasibetter. Rdhik: (Sanskrit) Since I have heard the name of a person called Ka, I have practically lost My good sense. Then, there is another person who plays the flute in such a way that after I hear the vibration, intense madness arises in My heart. And again there is still another person to whom My mind becomes attached when I see His beautiful lightning effulgence in His picture. Therefore I think that I am greatly condemmed, for I have become simultaneously attached to tree persons. It would be better for Me to die because of this.* Text 10 (a) ubhe: (saharam) hal, kadha tumhdisa go-ula-sundara go-ulinda-andaa ujjhi-a aparassi aur-o sabhavadi. t suhi. ekko jjevva eso mah--aro kaho. ubheboth (gops); sawith; haramjoy; halO; kadham how?; tumhdisamof those like you; go-ulain Gokula; sundaramof beautiful girls; go-ulindaof the king of Gokula (Nanda Mahrja); andaamthe son (Ka); ujjhi-ahaving abandoned; aparassitowards someone else; anur-olove;

sabhavadicome into existence; ttherefore; suhiplease listen; ekkoone; jjevvaindeed; esoHe; mah--arovery sophisticated; kahoKa. Lalit and Vikh: (happily) How can beautiful girls of Gokula like You turn from Ka and fall in love with some other man? Listen. The three persons are one. They are all the hero Ka. Text 10 (b) rdhik: (socchvsam tmagatam) hi-a-a, samsassa samsassa. di jd j-alo-a-nivsa-llas. sawith; ucchvsama sigh of relief; tmagatamaside; hi-a-aO heart; samsassa samsassabe comforted, be comforted; dm now; jdis born; tuhaof you; j-alo-ain the living entities; nivsa the person who resides; llasardent longing. Rdhika: (breathes a sigh of relief and say to Herself:) Heart, be peaceful. Be peaceful. The man you long to attain is the home of all beings and all worlds. Text 10 (c) ubhe: (sansktena) s saurabhormi-paridigdha-digantarpi vandhya janu sutanu gandha-phal bibharti rdhe na vibhrama-bhara kriyate yad-ake kma nipta-madhun madhusdanena sansktenain Sanskrit; sthat; saurabhaof sweet fragrance; rmiwith waves; paridigdhaanointed; dig-antarall directions; api although; vandhyamuseless; janubirth; sutanuO beautiful one; gandha-phalcampake creeper; bibhartiholds; rdheO Rdh; nanot; vibhramaof pastimes; bharamultitude; krityate is performed; yatof whom; akeon the lap; kmamjoyfully; nipta drunk; madhunhoney; madhusdanenaby the bumble-bee who is Lord Madhusdana (Ka).

Lalit and Vikh: O beautiful, slender Rdh, even if it anoints the directions with waves of sweet fragrance, a flowering priyagu vine lives in vain if a playful bumblebee does not drink it's honey. Note: The bumblebee (madhusdana) here is Ka. Text 11 (a) nandmukh: (parikramya) kaha aggado jevva es rh. (ity upastya) ja-adu ja-adu pi-asah. rdhik: (svahittham) sahi, kusala bhaavad-e. parikramyawalking; kahamhow is it?; aggadoin the presence; jevvaindeed; esshe; rhRdh; itithus; upastya approaching; ja-adu ja-aduall glories, all glories; pi-adear; sah friend; sawith; avahitthamconcealment of her actual thoughts; sahi O friend; kusalamauspiciousness; bhaavadi-eof her ladyship. Nandmukh: (walking, enters) Why is Rdh here? (approaches Rdh) Glory, glory to my dear friend! Rdhik: (concealing her emotions) Friend, I hope you are well. Text 11 (b) nandmukh: tuha ullhattae jde (iti rdh nibhlya svagatam.) appekkhi-a cce-a ma-e paha iakidam. tadhvi pucchissam. tuhayour; ullahattanerecovery; jadeproduced; itithus; radhamat Radha; nibhalyaglancing; svagatamaside; appekkhi-a not seen; ma-eby me; padhamat first; nittankidamprevented; tadhavinevertheless; pucchissamI shall ask. Nandmukh: You are well, I see. (Looking at Rdh, she says to herself) I do not see anything unusual. Perhaps She hides it. I will ask. Text 11 (c)

(prakam, sansktena) na mugdhe vaidagdh-garima-paridigdh tava matir virmo nednm api vapui blyasya vayasa kam apy anta-kobha prathayasi tathpi tvam athav sakhi jtam vndvana-madana-visphrjitam idam prakamopenly; sansktenain Sanskrit; nanot; mugdheO bewildered beautiful girl; vaidagdhintelligence; garimawith a great quantity; paridigdhanointed; tavayour; matimind; virmacessation; nanot; idnmnow; vapuiin the body; blyasyaof youth; vayasaof the age; kam apisome; anta internal; kobhamagitation; prathayasiyou are manifesting; tath apinevertheless; tvamyou; athavor; sakhiO friend; jtam known; vndvanaof Vndvana; madanaof the cupid; visphrjitam manifested; idamthis. (Openly) Beautiful, foolish girl, Your heart is not anointed with great intelligence. You have not stopped being a child. Friend, either Your heart trembles in pain, or You gave met the Kmadeva that lives in Vndvana forest. Text 12 (a) lalit: a-i ali-sakii, sdala-dakkhiila-hetu-a kampa-pula-a pekkhi-a ksa dsaha parivda desi. a-iO; alipretended; akiifear; sdalacool; dakkia southern; anilawind; hetu-amcause; kampatrembling; pula-am hairs standing upright; pekkhi-ahaving seen; ksawhy?; dsaham unbearable; parivdamaccusation; desiyou give. Lalit: Suspicious girl, the trembling and standing up of hairs that you see is caused by the cold southern wind. Why do you make this terrible accusation? Text 12 (b) nandmukh: (sasmitam, sansktena)

romca pariceyate katham aya nsmbhir utkampavh dukrti nahi dakiya marute dkiya-nye vada etan manmatha-koi-sambhrama-bharair bambhromyate subhruva svnte ngara-cakravarti-nayana-prntasya llyitam sawith; smitama smile; sansktenain Sanskrit; roma-aca hair standing upright; pariceyatewill be augmented; kathamhow is it; ayamthis; nanot; asmbhiby us; utkampavntrembling; dukrtimdishonor; nahinot; dakiyato the southern; marute breeze; dkiyaof perception; nyeO you who are devoid; vada please say; sambhramacharm; bharaiby the great quantity; bambhramyateconstantly move; subhruvaof she who has beautiful eyebrows; svntein the heart; ngaraof handsome young men; cakravartiof the emperor (Ka); nayanaof the eyes; prntasyaof the corner; llyitampastimes. Nandmukh: (smiling, says in Sanskrit) If that is why the hairs of Her body stand up, then why do the hairs of our bodies not also stand up? O foolish girl, don't insult the southern wind in this way. The sidelong glance of He who is the king of heroes and whose graceful eyebrows are worshiped by millions of Kmadevas, now plays in this girl's heart. Text 13 (a) t sacca kahehi. kad ed-e paccakkh-kido go-ulando. vikh: eva edam. ttherefore; saccamthe truth; kahehiplease tell; kadwhen?; ed-eby her; paccakkh-kidowas seen; go-ulaof Gokula; ando bliss (r Ka); evamin this way; edamthis. Twll the truth. When did She see Ka, the bliss of Gokula? Vikh: It is true. Text 13 (b) nandmukh: (sansktena)

dara-vicalita-bly vallabh bndhavn viharasi bhuvane tva patyur moda-ptr ahaha paupa-rm kmino mohanatva tvam api yad amunntar bham unmditsi sansktenain Sanskrit; daraslight; vicalitamoved; blyfrom childhood; vallabhdear; bndhavnmof her relatives; viharasi you perform pastimes; bhuvanein the house; tvamyou; patyuof the husband; modaof delight; ptrthe object; ahahaO; paupa of the cowherd men; rmof the beautiful wives; kminaof the lover; mohanatvamthe enchantment; tvamyou; apieven; yat which; amunby this; antawithin; bhamexceedingly; unmditmaddened; asiyou are. Nandmukh: (in Sanskrit) A little past childhood, dear to Your kin, and a delight to Your husband, You enjoy pastimes in this world. Aha! Now You have fallen under the spell of a rake who enjoys with the gopas' wives. Now Your heart is wild with passionate love for Him. Text 14 (a) t aha bhaavad tuvaredu gamissam. (iti nikrnt). ttherefore; ahamI; bhaavadmto the exalted Paurams; tuvaredumto quickly bring; gamissamI shall go; itithus; nikrnt she exits. I will go and quickly bring noble Paurams. (She exits.) Text 14 (b) rdhik: (vimya. sansktena) s kaly kula-yuvatibhi lit dharma-ail grg asmbhi katham avinayotphullam ullaghany (ity ardhokte. puna sotkaham.) h dg-bhag-parimala-kal-karmaho 'ya katha v htu akya paupa-nagar-ngar-ngarendra

vimyareflecting for a moment; sansktenain Sanskrit; s she; kalyauspicious; kulapious and chaste; yuvatibhiby the young girls; litperformed; dharmapious; ailactivities; drk quickly; asmbhiby us; kathamhow is it?; avinayaimmodesty; phullamblossomed; ullaghanyabout to be transgressed; iti thus; ardhahalf; uktein the speech; punaagain; sawith; utkahamlonging; hO; dk-bhagof the sidelong glance; parimalamanifestations; kalat the art; karmahavery expert; ayamHe; katham vhow is it possible?; htumto neglect; akya able; paupaof the cowherd men; nagarof the town of Gokula; ngarof the charming gops; agaraand the handsome cowherd men; indrathe king. Rdhik: (She reflects for a moment, and then says in Sanskrit) Why do we pious girls disobey the auspicious rules of religion? (She stops in the middle, and then again speaks, this time filled with longing.) Ah! How can I renounce the regal hero of the girls in this twon of gopas, a hero learned in the arts of crooked glances? Text 15 (a) (tata praviati nandmukh-mukharbhym anugamyamn paurams.) Paurams: mukhare, kim adusdha-bdh tarkit tvay rdh Mukhar: bhaavadi, suhi. tatathen; praviatienters; nandmukhby Nandmukh; mukharbhymand Mukhar; anugamyamnfollowed; pauramsPaurams; mukhareO Mukhar; kimwhy?; adusdhaincurable; bdhdisease; tarkitis thought; tvayby you; rdhRdh; bhaavadiO noble gop; suhiplease listen. (Followed by Nandmukh and Mukhar, Paurams enters.) Paurams: Mukhar, why do you think Rdh suffers from an incurable illness? Mukhar: Noble lady, listen. Text 15 (b)

agre vikya ikhaa acird utkampam lambate gujn ca vilokann muhur asau parikroati no jne janayann aprva-naana-krd-camatkrit bly kila citta-bhmim aviat ko 'ya navna-graha agrein front; vikyaseeing; ikhaa-khaamsome peacock feathers; acirtall of a sudden; utkampamtrembling of the heart and body; lambatetakes to; gujnmof a garland of gnj (small conchshells); caalso; vilokantby seeing; muhuconstantly; asau She; sa-asramwith tears; parikroatigoes around crying; nonot; jneI know; janayanawakening; aprva-naanalike unheard of dramatic dancing; kriof activities; camatkritmthe madness; blyof this poor girl; kilacertainly; citta-bhmimwithin the heart; aviathas entered; kawhat; ayamthis; navna-graha new ecstatic influence. Upon seeing peacock feathers in front of Her, this girl suddenly begins trembling. When She sometimes sees a necklace of gnj (small conchshells), She sheds tears and cries loudly. I do not know what kind of new ecstatic influence has entered her heart of this poor girl. It has imbued Her with the dancing attitude of a player creating wonderful, unprecedented dances on a stage.* Text 16 (a) Paurams: (svagatam) so 'yam uddaasya navnurga-re ko 'pi caim. (prakam) mukhare, sdhu vijtam. yad atra dnavakulvatas kasdayo rdhm anviyanti tena ko 'py ayam agangraho blm vivea. svagatamaside; sait; ayamthis; uddaasyapowerful; nava new; anurgaof love; reof a great quantity; ko apisome; caimviolent passion; prakamopenly; mukhareO Mukhar; sdhuproperly; vijtamunderstood; yatwhich; atrahere; dnavaof the demons; kulaof the dynasties; avatascrowns; kasaKasa; dayaheaded by; rdhmRdh; anviyanti search; tenabecause of this; ka apisome; ayamthis; agan woman; grahaseizure; blmthe girl; viveaentered. Paurams: (aside) This is the passion of intense new love. (Openly) Mukhar, I understand this very well. Kasa and the other

crowns of the demons are searching for Rdh. They made a ghost enter this girl. Text 16 (b) Mukhar: bhaavadi, ko ettha pai-ro. Paurams: api dnavrer dir eva. bhaavadiO noble gop; kowhat?; etthahere; pai-rois the remedy; apieven; dnavaof the demons; areof the enemy (Ka); evaindeed. Mukhar: Noble lady, what is the remedy? Paurams: The remedy is a glimpse Ka, the sworn enemy of the demons. Text 16 (c) Mukhar: bhaavadi, kuil kkhu jail eda niandissadi. Paurams: mukhare, sa khalu mad-gir sandiyatm-"jaile, m akih. kam tmavidyayaiva saghatyiymi" iti. (Mukhar namasktya nikrnt.) bhaavadiO noble gop; kuilcrooked; kkhuindeed; jail Jail; edamthis; anot; ahiandissadiwil become pleased; mukhareO Mukhar; sshe; khaluindeed; madmy; girby speech; sandiyatmmay be told; jaileO Jail; mdo not; akihbe afraid; kamKa; tma-vidyayby mystic power; saghatayiymiI shall bring; itithus; mukharMukhar; namasktyaoffering obeisances; nikrntexits. Mukhar: Noble lady, this will not please crooked Jail. Paurams: Mukhar, I will tell her, "Jail, don't worry. With my mystic power I will bring Ka. (But this is not the Ka who is the son of Nanda Mahrja)." (Mukhar offers obeisances and exits.) Text 16 (d)

paurams: (upastya) vatse, nijbha-lbhena ktrthbhy. (rdh svahittha praamati.) upastyaapproaching; vatseO child; nijaown; abhaof the desire; lbhenaby the attainment; kta-arthcontented; bhy greatly; rdhRdh; sawith; avahitthamconcealment of her actual emotions; praamatioffers obeisances. Paurams: (approaches Rdh) Child, now my desires are fulfilled. (Concealing her emotions, Rdh offers obeisances.) Text 16 (e) paurams: (svagatam) bhajanty savra katham api tad-ambara-gham apahnotu yatnd abhinava-madmoda-madhur adhr klind-pulina-kalabhendrasya vijaya sarojaky skd vadati hdi kuje tanuvan svagatamaside; bhajantywho is acting; sawith; vram embarrassment; katham apiby some means; tatof Him; ambara of passion; ghamabundance; apahnotumto conceal; yatht with great effort; abhinavafresh; sadof intoxication; modaof the delight; madhursweetned; adhruntamed; klindof the Yamun river; pulinaon the bank; kalabhaof the young elephants; indrasyaof the king (Ka); vijayamvictorious stregnth; saroja lotus; akyeyes; sktdirectly; vadatishowing; hdiin the heart; kujein the grove; tanuform; vansmall forest. Paurams: (aside) Tasting the sweetness of new love, She shyly hides Her passion. The passionate lotus-eyed girl is conquered by the regal elephant that plays in the garden of Her heart. Text 17 (a)

(punar nirpya janntikam.) hanta nndmukh, nirbhara-gabhrapremormi-nirmita-mana-kobh kim apy e viceate. tad iyam avadhryatm anurga-vrasya kpi durvibodha-gabhra-vikramavaicitr. tath hi. punaagain; nirpyadescribing; janntikamwhispering (to Nndmukh); hantaO; nndmukhiNndmukhi; nirbharapowerful; gabhradeep; premaof love; rmiby waves; nirmita produced; manaof the heart; kobhagitation; kim api indescribeable; eshe; viceateacts; tatthat; iyamthis; avadhryatmshould be considered; anurgaof love; vrasyaof the hero (Ka); k apisomething; durvibodhadifficult to understand; gabhragreat; vikramaprowess; vaicitrwonder; tath hifor this reason it has been said. Paurams: (whispers to Nndmukh) Nndmukh, Her heart is tossed by waves of deep love. Know that this is caused by the wonderful and inconceivable power of He who is the hero of love. Text 17 (b) pratyhtya muni kaa viayato yasmin mano dhitsate blsau viayeu dhitsati tata pratyharant mana yasya sphrti-lavya hanta hdaye yog samutkahate mugdheya bata paya tasya hdayh nikrntim kkati pratyhtyahaving withdrawn; munia sage; kaamfor a moment; viayatafrom the objects of the senses; yasminin whom; manamind; dhitsateis placed; blgirl; asauthis; viayeuin the sense-objects; dhitsatiplaces; tatafrom that; pratyharant withdrawing; manathe mind; yasyaof whom; sphrtiof manifestation; lavyafor a tiny particle; hantaO; hdayein the heart; yoga yog; samutkahateaspires; mugdhbewildered; iyamthis; bataalas; payajust look; tasyaof Him; hdaytfrom the heart; niskrntimthe exit; kkatidesires. Just see how wonderful it is! Great sages meditate upon Ka after being relieved of all material transactions, and with great difficulty they try to situate Ka in their hearts. And opposed to this, this young girl is trying to withdraw Her mind form Ka so She can apply it to the material activities of sense gratification. What a regrettable thing it is that this girl is trying to drive away from Her heart the same

Ka who is sought after by great sages through severe austerities and perseverance.* Text 18 (a) nndmukh: bhaavadi, risassa bh-assa vine mhamhi. paurams: vatse satyam ttha. durgamo 'yam ghnurgavivarta. ruyatm. bhaavadiO noble lady; risassalike this; bh-assaof love; vinein knowledge; mhamhiI am bewildered; vatsechild; satyamtruth; ttha.you say; durgamadifficult to attain; ayam this; ghadeep; anurgalove; vivartaecstasy; ruyatm please hear. Nndmukh: Noble lady, love like this bewilders me. Paurams: Child, what you say is true. This deep and ecstatic love is very rare and difficult to attain. Listen. Text 18 (b) pibhir nava-kla-ka-kaut-garvasya nirvsano nisyandena mudm sudh-madhurimhakra-sakocana prem sundari nanda-nandana-paro jgarti yasyntare jyante sphutam asya vakra-madhurs tenaiva vikrntaya pibhirby the sufferings; navafresh; kla-ktaof poison; kautof the severity; garvasyaof pride; nirvsanabanishment; nisyandenaby pouring down; mudmhappiness; sudhof nectar; madhurimof the sweetness; ahakrathe pride; sakocana minimizing; premlove; sundarbeautiful friend; nanda-nandanaparafixed upon the son of Mahrja Nanda; jgartidevelops; yasyaof whom; antarein the heart; jyanteare perceived; sphutamexplicity; asyaof that; vakracrooked; madhurand sweet; tenaby him; evaalone; vikrntayathe influences. My dear beautiful friend, if one develops love of Godhead, love of Ka, the son of Nanda Mahrja, all the bitter and sweet influences of this love will manifests in one's heart. Such love of Godhead acts in two ways. The poisonous effects of love of Godhead defeat the severe and fresh poison of the serpent. Yet there is simultaneosly

transcendental bliss, which pours down and defeats the poisonous effects of a snake, as well as the happiness derived from pouring nectar on one's head. It is perceived as doubly effective, simultaneously poisonous and nectarean.* Text 19 (a) tad ehi, bhvam asy parkevahi. (ity upastya) vatse kim api praavysi. tatto that; ehiplease do; bhvamthe love; asyof her (Rdh); parkevahilet us observe; itithus; upastya approaching (Rdh); vatseO child; kim apia little; praavyto be questioned; asiyou are. Come, let us test Her love. (They approach Rdh) Child, we would like to ask some questions. Text 19 (b) yati premodtta sucarita-kath gokula-pure prasiddh te uddhe janir api ca lakmvati kule apurv kurv matim iha mah-shasamay suhdbhyas tva lajjm api kim iva rdhe na bhajasi (rdhik ktaryam abhinya salajja lalit-kara-mle lagati.) yatiself-control; premawith love; udattablossomed; sucarita of pious conduct; kaththe account; gokulaof Gokula; purein the town; prasiddhfamous; teyour; uddhepure; janibirth; api even; caand; lakmvatiprosperous; kulein a family; apurv unprecedented; kurvperforming; matimmind; ihahere; mah great; shasaof cruelty; maymconsisting; suhbhyato friends; tvamyou; lajjmembarrassment; apieven; kim ivawhy?; rdheO Rdh; nanot; bhajasiyou do; rdhikRdh; ktaryam discouraged and alarmed; abhinyahaving become; sa-lajjam embarrassed; lalitof Lalit; kara-mlethe ear; lagati approaches.

Your self-control, love, pious deeds, and birth in a prosperous and pious family are all famous in the town of Gokula. O Rdh, are You not ashamed to be so cruel to Your friends? (Distressed and embarrassed, Rdh whispers in Lalit's ear.) Text 20 lalit: ajje, viavedi rhi. (iti sansktena.) doodgra tvam api kurue h mayi vykuly pdebhyas te bhagavati ape npardhymi sdhvi parai karnotpala-valayibhis tyamno 'pi dhrto na ymtm mama tanu-parivaga-raga jahti ajjeO noble gop; viavedishould explain; rhiRdh; iti thus; sansktenain Sanskrit; doaof faults; udgramspitting out; tvamyou; apieven; kurueperform; hO; mayito me; vykulymperplexed; pdebhyato the feet; teYour; bhagavati to the Supreme Personality of Godhead; apeI swear; nanot; apardhymiI offend; sdhviO saintly gop; paraiwith leaves; karaon the ear; utpalablue lotus flowers; valayibhicircled by; tyamnabeaten; apieven; dhrtarascal; nanot; yma dark complexioned; tmperson; mamamy; tanubody; parivagaof embracing; ragampleasure; jahtiabandons. Lalit: Noble lady, Rdh should explain Herself. Rdh says: (in Sanskrit) "O noble lady, I take an oath upon your feet, that I have not done anything wrong. Even though again and again I struck Him with a garland of lotus flowers, that dark rake would not give up the pleasure of embracing my body". Text 21 (a) paurams: (seryam ivlokya) mugdhe, kim any prauhamudr noddaayasi. sawith; ryammalice; ivaas if; lokyaglancing; mugdheO bewildered beautiful girl; kimwhat?; anymfurther; prauha arrogant; mudrmsign; nanot; uddaayasiyou violently strike.

Paurams: (Angrily looking at Rdh) Beautiful bewildered girl, why did You not do something more ferocious to stop Him? Text 21 (b) rdhik: (saroam. sansktena) kroanty kara-pallavena balavn sadya pidhatte mukha dhvanty bhaya-bhji vistta-bhujo rundhe pura paddhatim pdnte viluhaty asau mayi muhur dadhary ru mta cai may ikhaa-mukud tmbhirarakyah katham sawith; roamanger; sansktenain Sanskrit; kroantym when crying; karahand; pallavenawith the sprout; balavnstrong; sadyaimmediately; pidhattecovers; mukhamthe mouth; dhvantymwhile running away; bhaya-bhjifrightened; vistta spread; bhujaarms; rudheobstructs; purain the front; padhatim the path; pdaof the feet; anteat the end; viluhatiwhen I fall down; asauthis; mayiI; muhuin a moment; daa-adharym bitten face; ruwith anger; mtaO mother; caiangry; may by me; ikhaa-mukutfrom Ka who wears a peacock feather on His head; tmaself; abhirakyaprotection; kathamhow may it be? Rdhik: (angrily, in Sanskrit) My dear mother, what can I say to you? Ka is so cruel that He often attacks me on the street, and if I want to cry out very loudly, this boy with a peacock feather on His head immediately covers My face so that I cannot cry. And if I want to go away from the scene because I am afraid of Him, He will immediately spread His arms to block My path. If I piteously fall down at His feet, then this enemy of the Madhu demon, in an angry mood, bites my face! Mother, just try to understand my situation, and don't be unnecessarily angry with Me. Instead, please tell me how I can save myself from these terrible attacks of Ka!* Text 22 (a) paurams: (svagatam) nikampatay baddha-mlo 'ya premapal.

svagatamaside; nikampatayby not shaking; baddhabound; mlaroot; ayamthis; premaof love; paltree. Paurams: (aside) Her tree of love does not shake at its roots. Text 22 (b) (prakam) tvay nto vma phalaka-milad-ago madhu-ripu sukhbhi kr-kutukini kuto netra-padavm kuklgni-jvl-paala-kau-kelir yad adhun daeya danta tv jvalayati himnva nalinm prakamopenly; tvayby you; ntabrought; vma inimical; phalakapicture; milatmeeting; agabody; madhu-ripu Ka, the enemy of the Madhu demon; sukhaof happiness; bhiwith hopes; krpastimes; kutukiniO you who are eager to perform; kutafrom what cause?; netraof the eyes; padavmto the path; kukla-agnientire body set on fire; jvlburning; paala abundance; kaubitter; kelipastimes; yatwhich; adhunnow; dacondition; iyamthis; tvmyou; jvalayatiburns; himni snows; ivalike; nalinmlotus flower. (openly) O playful girl, how, simply by desiring Him, will You make this rascal Ka enter the pathway of Your eyes? For now Your only pastimes are in the middle of glistening flames that burn You as snow burns the lotus flowers. Text 23 rdh: (kam uddiya soplambham tmagatam) iiraya dv divya kioram itkta parijana-gir visarmbht tva vilsa-phalkita iva iva katha jnmas tvm avakra-dhiyo vaya nibia-vaav-vahni-jvl-kalpa-viksinam kamKa; uddisyanoting; sawith; uplambham recognition; tma-gatamaside; iirayaplease cool; daueyes;

dvhaving seen; divyamtranscendental; kioramyouth; iti thus; kitaseen; parijanaof the associates; girmof the words; virambhtbecause of confidence; tvamyou; iva ivaalas! alas!; kathamwhy?; jnmawe understand; tvmyou; avakrahonest; dhiyaminds; vayamwe; nibidaintense; vaav-vahniof the underwater volcano fire found at the south pole; jvlof flames; kalpamultitude; viksinamexpanded. Rdh: (Thinking of Ka, She says to Herself) Alas! Alas! Why do We crooked-hearted girls think You are a volcano burning with great flames? Please honor the words of Our friends, become marked with playfulness, allow Me to see Your splendid, youthful form, and cool the fire that now burns in My eyes. Text 24 (a) paurams: (sasneham lokya.) vatse, kaam eknte niviya pupeu lekho nirmyatm. yath kya svasakhbhy samarpyate. (rdh sakhbhy saha nikrat.) sawith; snehamaffection; lokyaseeing; vatseO child; kaamfor a moment; ekntein a private place; niviyahaving entered; pupeuamong flowers; lekhaa letter; nirmyatmmay be written; yathjust as; ayamthis; kyato Ka; svayour own; sakhbhymby the two friends (Lalit and Vikh); samarpyatemay be presented; rdhRdh; sakhbhymwith two friends; sahawith; nikrntexits. Paurams: (affectionately glancing at Rdh) Child, come for a moment in this solitary garden of flowers and write a letter. Your two friends will carry it to Ka. (Accompanied by Lalit and Vikh, Rdh exits.) Text 24 (b) paurams: (parikramya) nndmukhi. ko 'pi ntidre bhaviyati, yad atra dakiato naicik-nikurambasya hambravambaro 'yam ambaram krmati. tad aha snhrta vrajmi.

(iti nikrnte.) parikramyabeginning to walk; nndmukhiO Nndmukhi; kaKa; apicertainly; nanot; ativery; drefar away; bhaviyatiwill be; yatbecause; atrahere; dakiatafrom the south; naicikof transcendental surabhi cows; nikurambasyaof the herd; hamb-ravaof the lowing sound; ambarathe loud sound; ayamthis; ambaramto the sky; krmatigoes; tattherefore; ahamI; sanaof taking bath; arthamfor the purpose; vrajmiI shall go. Paurams: (walking) Nndmukh, Ka is not far away. The mooing of His cows fills the southern sky. I will go for my bath. (Paurams and Nndmukh exit.) Text 24 (c) (tata praviati ka) ka: (sodvegam) yadavadhi tad akasmd eva vismyitka nava-taid-abhirma dhma skd babhva tadavadhi cira-cint-cakra-sakt virakti mama matir upabhoge yoginva prayti yadavadhisince that time; tatthat; akasmtsuddenly; eva indeed; vismyitaastonished; akameyes; navanew; tait lightning; abhirmamsplendid; dhmaabode; skatdirectly; babhvabecame; tadavadhifrom that time; cirafor a long time; cintanxious thought; cakrain the circle; saktfixed; viraktim indifference; mamamy; matimind; upabhogein the objects of enjoyment; yogina yogini; ivaas; praytiattains. (Ka enters) Ka: (anxious) From the moment that abode splendid like new lightning suddenly filled by eyes with wonder, My heart fell into a whirlpool of rapt meditation. Now My heart, like a yogin, has renounced all other happiness. Text 25 (a)

(puro 'nustya) hanta, ragaa-mlyam upanetu prasthito vayasya katha vilambate. (praviya mlya-hasta.) madhumagala: kadha ajja dumma-edi pi-a-vasso. hodu. pasagado jnissam. puraahead; anusrtyamoving; hantaO; ragaadelightful; mlyamgarland; upanetumto bring; prasthitaappointed; vayasyacompanion; kathamwhy; vilambatetarries; praviya enters; mlyawith a garland; hastain his hand; kadhamwhy?; ajjanow; dumma-ediis troubled; pi-adear; vaassofriend; hodu may it be; pasagadowhen the occasion presents itself; jissamI will understand. (going ahead) I sent my friend to bring a guj-necklcae. Why does he delay? (Carrying a necklace in his hand, Madhumagala enters.) Madhumagala: Why is my dear friend unhappy? So be it. In time I will know why. Text 25 (b) (iti parikramya kam payan. svagatam, sansktena) phulla-prasna-paalais tapanya-varm lokya campaka-lat kila kampate 'sau ake niraka-nava-kukuma-paka-gaur rdhsya citta-phalake tilak-babhva itithus; parikramyawalking; kamKa; payanseeing; svagatamaside; sansktenain Sanskrit; phullablossomed; prasnaof flowers; paalaiwith multitudes; tapanyaof gold; varmcolor; lokyahaving seeing; campakacampaka; latm creeper; kilaindeed; kampatetrembles; asauHe; akeI think; nirakapure; navafresh; kukumaby kukuma powder; gaur golden; rdhRdh; asyaHis; cittaof the mind; phalakeon the drawing-paper; tilaktilaka marking; babhvahas become.

(Walking, Madhumagala sees Ka and says to himself) Looking at a vine blooming with many golden campaka flowers, Ka trembles. It think fair Rdh decorated with new kukuma is now pictured on the drawing-paper of Ka's mind. Text 26 (ity upastya) bho geha (iti mlya nivedayati) Ka: (ankaritakenaiva) kanakdri-niketa-ketak kalik-kalp-kalevara-dyuti hdi s mudirli-medure capal m kim alakariyati itithus; upastyaapproaching; bhoO; gehaplease take; iti thus; mlyanthe garland; nivedayatioffers; ankaritakenaas if He had not heard; evacertainly; kanakaof gold; adrimountain; niketaresidence; ketakketaki tree; kalikunblossomed flowers; kalpaequal; kalevaraof the body; dyutisplendor; hdion the chest; sshe; mudiraof clouds; liof a multitude; medure smooth; capallightning; mmme; kimwhether?; alakariyati will ornament. (Madhumagala approaches Ka). Please take. (He offers the garland to Ka). Ka: (as if He had not heard) Her body is splendid like a budding ketak tree on a golden mountain. When will She become a lightning flash decorating the splendid monsoon-cloud of My chest? Text 27 (a) madhumagala: (svagatam) phalida me takkea. (prakm uccai) bho pi-a-vaassa. samuhe vikkosanda vi ksa ma a pecchasi. svagatamaside; phalidamfruitful; memy; takkeaby logic; prakamopenly; uccaiwith a loud voice; bhoO; pi-adear; vaassafriend; sammuhein Your presence; vikkosandamcrying; vi although; ksafor what reason?; mamme; anot pecchasiyou see.

Madhumagala: (aside) My guesses and speculations have now borne their fruit. (openly, with a loud voice) Dear friend, why do You see me, even when I stand before You and call out to You? Text 27 (b) ka: (svahittham) sakhe, campaka-laty lvaykena may nopado 'si. madhumagala: sacca cce-a bhasi, ki tu sacri-e campa-alad-e. sa-avahitthamconcealing His emotions; sakheO friend; campaka-latyaof the campaka creeper; lvayaby the beauty; kenaattracted; mayby me; nanot; upadaperceived; asiyou are; saccamthe truth; cce-aindeed; bhasiyou are speaking; kim tubut; sacri-eof the winding; campa-a campaka; lad-ecreeper. Ka: (concealing His emotions) Friend, entranced by the beauty of this flowering campaka-vine, I did not notice you. Madhumagala: You speak the truth. Why were You looking at that winding campaka-vine? Text 27 (c) ka: sakhe, kmam asambhvya campaka-laty sacra. madhumagala: vaassa, kkhaa viramedu vakattaam. ujju-a kahehi kaha sua-hi-a-osi tti. ka: (sasmitam) sakhe, ml vin. madhumagala: bla tti bhaa. ka: mudheya te viak. sakheO friend; kmamaccording to it's own desire; asambhvyanot understandable; campakacampaka; latyof the creeper; sacrathe movement; vaassaO friend; kkhaamfor a moment; viramedumay be stopped; vakattaamcunning evasiveness; ujju-amin a straightforward truthful manner; kahehi please speak; kahamhow is it?; suaempty; hi-a-osiyour heart; ttithus; sawith; smitama smile; sakheO friend; mlmthe

garland; vinwithout; blamthe girl; ttithus; bhaaYou should say; mudhuselessly; teyour; viaksuspicion. Ka: Friend, I cannot find where this winding vine starts. Madhumagala: Friend, for a moment please stop this crookedness. Speak plainly. Why is Your heart now desolate like a desert? Ka: (smiles) Friend, I have no garland. Madhumagala: You should say girl, not garland. Ka: That is a foolish suspicion. Text 27 (d) ka: (sansktena ritya) na jne murdhna cyutam api ikhaam yad akhila na kahe yan-mlya kalayasi purastt ktam api tad unnta vndvana-kuhara-ll-kalabha he sphua rdh-netra-bhramara-vara-vryonnatir iyam sansktenaspeaking in Sanskrit nanot; jneyou understand; murdhnafor the head; cyutamfallen; apiand; ikhaam peacock feather; yatwhich; akhilamall; nanot; kaheon the neck; yatwhich; mlyamgarland; kalayasiyou observe; purastt before the eyes; ktamdone; apieven; tatthat; unntamlifted; vndvanain Vndvana; kuharain the groves; llwho performs pastimes; kalabhayoung elephant; heO; sphuammanifested; rdhof Rdh; netraof the eyes; bhramarabumble-bees; vara excellent; vryasplendor; unnatirising; iyamthis. Madhumagala: (in Sanskrit) You do not know that the peacock feather has fallen from Your head. You do not see that the garland has fallen from Your neck. O youthful elephant playing in the groves of Vndvana forest, these events are caused by the great power of two bumblebee eyes that have seen Rdh. Text 28 (a) ka: (svagatam) katha nikhilam eva tarkita dhrtena, tad alam pratarya. (prakam) sakhe, yathrtham attha. tad akarnyatam.

svagatamaside; kathamhow?; nikhilameverything; eva indeed; tarkitamhas been deduced; dhurtenaby this rascal; tat that; alamgreatly; prataryahaving misled; prakasamopenly; sakheO friend; yatha-arthamas it is proper; atthayou have spoken; tatthis; akarnyatamshould be heard. Ka: (aside) How did this rascal understand everything? Why try to fool him? (openly) What you say is true. Text 28 (b) mama rdh nisargastha pratpam anayan mana mah-jyaihva sahas pravham saura-saindhavam mamamy; rdhRdh; nisarga-sthamsituated in it's own nature; pratpamin the opposite manner; anayanleads; mana mind; mahgreat; jyaihthe full moon in the month of May-June; ivajust like; sahasviolently; pravhamcurrent; saura-saidhavam of the Ganges river. As the full moon in the month of Jyaiha fills the Gag with violent waves, so Rdh has transformed My heart. Text 29 (a) madhumagala: a accha de paccakkh-bhud es. ka: atha kim. subalata s paricikye ca. (ity autsukyam abhinya) amat present; acchinamof the eyes; deYour; paccakkh manifested; bhudhas become; esshe; atha kimindeed; subalatabecause of Subala; sashe; paricikyehas arrived; ca and; itithus; autkukyam abhinyaeager and anxious. Madhumagala: This girl now stands before Your eyes. Ka: Indeed, it is true. She has come because of Subala. (Ka becomes eager and anxious.)

Text 29 (b) bhramad-bhr-vallkai pratidiam apgasya valanai kuragbhyo bhag-bharam upadiantm iva do tatas t bimbauh kalayati mayi krodha-vikao mano-janm paupa dhanur anupama sajjam akarot bhramatmoving; bhreyebrows; vallkaiwith the creepers; pratidiamin all directions; apgasyaof the corners of the eyes; valanaimoving; kurangbhyadeer; bhag-bharamvery curved; upadiantminstructing; ivaas if; doof the eyes; tatathen; tmher; bimbalike the bimba fruit; ohmlips; kalayatisees; mayiin Me; krodhaanger; vikaahterrible; mano-janmcupid; paupammade of flowers; dhanubow; anupamamincomparable; sajjamready; akarotmade. Whenever I look at that girl with bimba-fruit lips, that girl who the restless flowering-vines of Her eyebrows and with many restless sidelong glances in every direction teaches the graceful does the art of casting waves of crooked glances, cruel and angry Kmadeva aims at Me his peerless bow of flowers. Text 30 madhumagala: avi ma savutta aoa-dasaam ka: nahi nahi tasyh sakhe mukha-tura-maykha-bimbe drn mamki-padavm adhirha-mtre nirbandhata apatha-koibhir ambayha nta kaa ahaha sadmani bhojanya avi maperhaps?; savuttamoccurred; aoamutual; dasaamsight; nahi nahino! No!; tasyof her; sakheO friend; mukhaof the face; turacooling; maykaheffulgence; bimbe the moon's disk; drtfrom a distance; mamamy; akiof the eyes; padavmpath; adhirudharisen; mtreonly; nirbandhata persistently; apathaof curses; koibhiwith millions; ambayby mother; ahamI; ntaam led; katin a moment; ahahaalas; sadmanihome; bhojanyafor supper.

Madhumagala: Perhaps You two have seen each other before? Ka: No! No! Friend, whenever the cooling and splendid moon of Her face begins to walk on the pathway of My eyes, my mother, speaking millions of curses, stubbornly brings Me home for supper. Text 31 (a) madhumagala: vaassa, cihanti bahul-o ballava-sundar-o, tadavi ksa ek-e rh-e nibhara aurajjasi. ka: sakhe, rdhym asdhra kpi mdhur. tath hi. vaassaO friend; cihantithere are; bahulmany; ballavasundar-obeautiful gops; tadavinevertheless; ksawhy?; tumam You; ek-eto only one; rh-eto Rdh; nibharamgreatly; anurajjasiyou love; sakheO friend; rdhymin Rdh; asdhraextraordinary; k apisome; mdhursweetness; tath hitherefore I say. Madhumagala: Friend, there are many beautiful gops. Why do You love only Rdh with such fervor? Ka: Friend, uncommon sweetness resides within Rdh. Text 31 (b) tasy knti-dyutini vadane majule cki-yugme tatrmka yadavadhi sakhe dir e nivi satya brumas tadavadhi bhaved indum indvara v smra smra mukha-kuilat-kri ya hy tasyher; kntibeautiful; dyutinisplendid; vadaneface; majulecharming; cki-yugmeeyes; tatrathere; asmkamof us; yadavadhisince that time; sakheO friend; disight; esathis; nivientered; satyamtruthfully; brumawe speak; tadavadhi from that time; bhavetmay be; indumthe moon; indvaramlotus flower; vor; smram smramcontinually remembering; mukhaof the mouth; kuilatcrookedness; krimdoing; yamwhich; hybashfulness.

My dear friend, what a wonderful thing it is that since I have seen the beautiful lotus eyes of rmat Rdhr, I have developed a tendency to spit on the moon and the lotus flower.* Text 32 (a) madhumagala: dasaado paha jjeva tattha tujjha r-o ma-e takkido tthi. t ki tti lvaovhi-o tti bhaasi. dasaadofrom the sight; pahamat the beginning; jjeva certainly; tatthathere; tujjhaYour; r-olove; ma-eby me; takkido surmised; tthiis; ttherefore; kimwhat?; ttithus; lvaovhi extreme beauty; ttithus; bhaasiYou say. Madhumagala: When i first saw You, I could guess that You had fallen in love. Why do You say Rdh is so beautiful? Text 32 (b) ka: sakhe satyam ttha. sva-cittbhinived eva tasy ko 'pi mahimonnha pratyate. tath hi. sakheO friend; satyamthe truth; tthaYou speak; svaown; cittaof the mind; abhiniveatbecause of the application; eva indeed; tasymto her; ka apisomeone; mahimglory; unnha abundance; pratyateis perceived; tath hitherefore I say. Ka: Friend, what you say is true. If you think about Her, you will know something of Her great glory. Text 32 (c) yatra prakty ratir uttamh tatrnumeya paramo 'nubhva naisargik ka-mrgnuvttir deasya hi jpayati praastim

yatrawhere; praktyof her own nature; ratidelight; uttamnmof the best; tatrathere; anumeyaimmeasurable; paramasupreme; anubhvalove; naisargiknatural; kafor Ka; mgasearching; anuvttiengaged in the activity; deasya of the place; hiindeed; jpayatiinstructs; praastim glorification. If great souls love a person, you should know that person is very glorious. The presence of black deer glorifies the place where they stay. Text 33 (a) (nepathye) sahi sri-e, diho tu-e ettha ballavinda-andao. ka: sakhe, nedyan ayam sukumr-kaha-dhvanir udacati. tad atra tm svahe. nepathyefrom off-stage; sahiO friend; sri-eO dear friend; dihoseen; tu-eby you; etthahere; ballavindaof the king of the cowherd men; andaothe son (Ka); sakheO friend; nedyh very near; ayamthis; sukumrof a young girl; kahaof the voice; dhvanisound; udacatiarises; tatthen; atrahere; tm silence; svahelet us go to. Lalit: (off-stage) Friend, friend, do you see the prince of the gopas? Ka: Friend, that's a girl's voice. Let's be quiet. Text 33 (b) (tata praviato lalit-vikh) lalit: pekkha eso dihi- purado kaho. t upasappamhe. (ity ubhe tath ktv.) jaadu jaadu go-ulando. tatathen; praviataenter; lalitLalit; vikheand Vikh; pekkhajust see; esoHe; dihi-by good fortune; purado in our presence; kahoKa; ttherefore; upasappamhelet us approach Him; itithus; ubhethe two of them; tathin that way;

ktvhaving done; jaadu jaaduall glories, all glories; go-ulaof Gokula; andothe bliss. (Lalit and Vikh enter.) Lalit: Look! By divine arrangement Ka stands before us. Let us go to Him. (They approach Ka.) Glory, glory to the bliss of Gokula! Text 33 (c) ka: sakhi lalite. ake manohri-kusuma-patram dtum adya vndav-madhye avatrsi. sakhiO friend; laliteO Lalit; akeI think; manohribeautiful; kusumaflowers; patrampetals; dtumto collect; adyanow; vnd-avof the forest of Vndvana; madhyein the midst; avatryou have come. Ka: Friend Lalit, I think you must have come to Vndvana Forest to pick many beautiful flower petals. Text 33 (d) lalit: vida vi a -rea sagovesi ja dduti a bhasi. t geha a kai-ra-kora-a-pattam. (ity anaga-lekha ka-kare 'rpayati.) vidamknown; vialthough; amat present; -renawith the letter ; sagovesiYou conceal; jamwhat; ddumto give; ti thus; anot; bhasiYou say; tthat; gehaplease take; am this; kai-raof a lotus flower; kora-aof a bud; pattampetal; iti thus; anaga-lekhamlove-letter; kaof Ka; karein the hand; arpayatiplaces. Lalit: By saying "pick" instead of "give", You hide the truth You certainly already know. Please take this lotus petal. (She places the love-letter in Ka's hand.) Text 33 (e)

ka: (svagatam) ceta, samvasihi samvasihi. tvadabha-bjasykuro 'yam iti ake. svagatamaside; cetaO heart; samvasihi samvasihibe encouraged, be encouraged; tvatyour; abhaof the desire; bjasyaof the seed; akurasprout; ayamthis; itithus; akeI think. Ka: (aside) Heart, be peaceful. Be happy. I think this flower petal grew from the seed of your desire. Text 33 (f) madhumagala: bhodi lalide, ki imi akkhar pattea sakkar patta samappehi. ka: sakhe, vdaya patram. kadcid etan na kararasyanasya ptr-bhavati. bhodiyou; lalideO Lalit; kimwhat is the use?; imiwith this; akkharmof letters; pattenawith this petal; sakkarmof sugar candy; pattamleaf; samappehiplease give; sakheO friend; vdayaplease read; patramthe petal; kadcitsometimes; etat this; naour; karaof the ears; rasyanasyaof the palatable nectar; ptra drinking vessel; bhavatimay become. Madhumagala: Lalit, what is the use of this leaf, simply full of letters? Better You give us a leaf with sugar candy on it! Ka: Friend, please read the letter. This letter is a cup full of nectar for Our ears. Text 33 (g) madhumagala: bho vaassa, dih tumha go-la-jd-e vadad. a amha amhaa-jdi jevva gaura-ea vandmi, ja tahi di-ahe jai-abamhahi ca-uvihea aena bho-ida mha. (iti lekha vcayati.)

bhoO; vaassafriend; dihseen; tumhaYour; go-laof cowherd men; jd-eof one who is born; vadadgenerosity; amis it not so?; amhaof us; amhaaof brhmaas; jdimbirth; jevvacertainly; gaura-eawith respect; vandmiI offer obeisances; jambecause; tahimin this; di-aheday; jai-a engaged in performing austerities; bamhahimby the wives of the brhmaas; ca-ufour; vihenatypes; aenawith foodstuff; bho-ida fed; mhawe were; itithus; lekhamthe letter; vcayatireads. Madhumagala: Friend, we have all seen the generosity of you cowherd men. However, because we were sumptuously fed by the wives of the yajika-brhmaas, I will begin by offering respectful obeisances to the brhmaas. (Madhumagala reads the letter.) Text 33 (h) dhari-a paicchanda-gua sundara maha mandire tuma vasasi taha taha rundhasi bali-a jaha jaha ca-id palemhi dhari-acapturing; paicchanda-guamthe quality of an artistic picture; sundaraO most beautiful one; mahamy; mandirewithin the heart; tumamYou; vasasireside; taha tahathat much; rundhasiYou block; bali-amby force; jaha jahaas much as; ca-id being disturbed; palemhiI try to escape. "O dearly beautiful, the artistic loveliness of Your picture is now impressed within My mind. Since You are now living within My mind, wherever I wish to run because I am agitated by impressions of You, I find that You, O My friend, are blocking My way."* Text 34 (a) ka: sakhe, duradhigamrth tvad iya gth. tena punar bhayatm. (madhumagalas tath karoti.)

ka: (snandam svagatam). kula-striyo hi dharma-bhravo bhavanti. tad-upekay bhva-nih niakaymi. (iti sarambham abhinya prakam.) haho. payata payata. sakheO friend; duradhigamadifficult to understand; arth meaning; tvatto that extent; gthverse; tenaby that; puna again; bhayatmit should be spoken; madhumagala Madhumagala; tathin that way; karotiacts; sawith; nandam bliss; svagatamspeaking to Himself; kula-striyapious girls; hi indeed; dharma-bhravaafraid to transgress the rules of morality; bhavantiare; tatof them; upekayabecause of the disregard; bhva-nihmfull of intense love; niakaymiI consider; iti thus; sarambham abhinyabecoming excited; prakamopenly; hahoO; payata payatalook! Look! Ka: Friend, this verse is very difficult to understand. Please read it again. (Madhumagala reads the letter again). Ka: (becomes blissful and says to Himself:) Saintly girls are afraid to break the rules of morality. I think Her love must be very great. (Excited, Ka openly says:) Look, look! Text 34 (b) snigdhair ebhi sakhibhir akhilair dhenu-vndnusr nr-vrt-vimukha-hdaya knannte carmi m svairiyas tad pi yad im dayanti prakma tad-vijpti drutam iha jarad-gopa-goy kariye (iti ktrimmarea druta parikrmati.) snigdhaiaffectionately; ebhiwith these; sakhibhifriends; akhilaiall; dhenuof cows; vndaof the multitude; anusra follower; nrof women; vrtnews; vimukhaaverse; hdayain the heart; knanaof the forest; anteon the edge; carmiI wander; mdon't; svairiyaunrestrained girls; tatthat; apieven; yat which; imthese; dayantipollute; prakmamgreatly; iha here; jaratelderly; gopaof cowherd men; goymin the assembly; kariyeI shall do; itithus; ktrimaartificial; amarea with indignation; drutamquickly; parikrmatiwalks about. Accompanied by all My loving friends, following the cows, and averse to hearing about women, I wander in the forest. These loose

girls should not be allowed to pollute Us. Quickly I will go and complain to the gopa elders. (With feigned indignation, Ka quickly struts about.) Text 35 (a) madhumagala: (smitam vtya) bho bamha-ri-sih-mae, kkhaa ivai-a im-o dummuha-go-i-o paccuttarea ijjitti-a vivehi. aham kkhu eda sacca dhiha vuttanta go-ulesar-e viavissam. (iti pau dhtv vyvartayati.) (iti parasparam avekya vailakya nayata). smitamsmile; vtaconcealing; bhoO; bamha-riof brahmacrs (celibates); sihcrest; maejewel; kkhaama moment; nivai-ahaving withdrawn; im-othese; dummuhawho speak horrible words; go-i--ogops; paccuttareawith a reply; ijjitti-ahaving defeated; vivehiyou should cause to flee; aham I; kkhuindeed; edamthis; saccameverything; dhihamof these impudent gops; vuttantamdescription of the activities; go-ula of Gokula; sarto the queen (Yaod); viavissamI will inform; itithus; panauon the hand; dhrtvahaving held; vyavartayati retreats; itithus; parasparammutually; aveksyalooking; vailakyambewilderment and amazement; nayatathey represent dramatically. Madhumagala: (concealing a smile) O crest jewel of the brahmacrs, think for a moment and defeat these foul-mouthed gops with Your words. Chase them away. I myself will tell Gokula's queen everything about these shameless girls. (Madhumagala touches Ka's hand for a moment.) (Surprised and bewildered, Lalit and Vikh exchange glances.) Text 35 (b) ka: sakhi vikhe, cturakika prekaam api nsti. kutas tvat parito rodhanam. tad anuymi. kenpy aparea ngarea tasy svntam ucclitam. sakhiO friend; vikheO Vikh; cturakikamfour eyes; prekaamsight; apialthough; nanot; astiis; kutafrom what?; tvatto such an extent; paritaeverywhere; rodhanam

impediment; tattherefore; anuymiI will follow; kena apiby some; apareaby another; ngarealover; tasyaher; svntamheart; ucclitammoved. Ka: Friend Vikh, Rdh has never seen Me with Her two eyes, and I have never seen Her with My two eyes. What obstacle stands between Us? I will follow you. But I think is must be some other boy that has captured Her heart. Text 35 (c) vikh: (sansktena ritya). kas tdg vraja-maale 'tha valate akyo garyn asau yenocclayitu balt kulavat-ceto-giri-grma ity asmbhir avakra-vikrama-lavd utkipta-govardhano hetus tva kila pakajka yadubhis tatrsti niakita sansktena ritya speaking in Sanskrit; kawho?; tdklike Him; vrajaof Vraja; maalein the area; athatherefore; valate performs pastimes; akyacompetent; garynmore significant; asauhe; yenaby whom; ucclayitumto agitate; baltforcibly; kulavatthe pious girls; cetaof the hearts; girimountains; grmaprominent; ititherefore; asmbhiby us; avakra genuine; vikramaof stregnth; lavtwith a small fragment; utkipta lifted; govardhanaGovardhana hill; hetucause; tvamYou; kila indeed; pakajalotus; akaeyes; yadubhi tatrathere; astiis; niakitadescribed. Vikh: (in Sanskrit) In the circle of Vraja who is great and powerful like You? With a small particle of Your inconceivable power You lifted Govardhana Hill. Then You lifted the great mountains that are the saintly gops' hearts. O boy with the lotus eyes, You are the person in this letter. Text 36 (a) madhumagala: a-i v-li-e, ciha ciha. diho ma-e ukkhittadaa-maalehi govehi govahao dharido. tuma ksa ekkam jjeva pi-a-vaassa sabhvesi.

a-iO; sv-li-etalkative; cihastand, stand; dihoseen; ma-eby me; ukkhittaheld up; daaof staffs; maalehimby the multitude; govehimby the cowherd men; govahao Govardhana hill; dharidoheld; tumamYou; ksawhy?; ekkam one; jjevaindeed; pi-adear; vaassamfriend; sabhavesipraise. Madhumagala: Talkative girl, stop! Stop! I myself saw how the cowherd men, with their upraised sticks, held up Govardhana Hill. Why do you praise my dear friend Ka in this way? He did not hold up the hill alone. Text 36 (b) ka: lalite, alam ati-prasagena. tan nivartasva. lalit: sundara, savva-go-ula-suha-krio vi tu-atto kadha s ek jjevva dukkha arihadi vari-asi. laliteO Lalit; alamenough; atigreat; prasagenawith this topic of conversation; tatfrom that; nivartasyaplease refrain; sundaraO beautiful Ka; savvaall; go-ulain Gokula; suha-krio making happy; vialthough; tu-attofrom You; kadhamhow is it?; sshe; ekalone; jjevvaindeed; dukkhamdistress; arihadi deserves; vari-asigreatly. Ka: Lalit, this is too muck talking. Please stop. Lalit: Handsome one, You delight everyone in Gokula. Why must this one girl suffer because of You? Text 36 (c) sag me madhumagalo na sahate dharmdhvano vicyuti rdm parimrgayan mama nahi cchidri nidryati kasa sti khala kiti katham ato mugdhe vidheya may niaka kula-sundar-paribhavaj-jvl-mah-shasam sagcompanion; meMy; madhumagalaMadhumagala; na does not; sahatetolerate; dharmaof piety; adhvanafrom the path; vicyutimfall; rdmrdm; parimrgayansearching; mamaMy; nahidoes not; chidrifaults; nidryatisleep; kasa

Kamsa; stiafflicts; khalawicked; kitimthe earth; katham how is it?; atafrom this; mugdheO bewildered girl; vidheyam may be given; mayby Me; niakamfearlessly; kulapious; sundarof the beautiful girl; paribhavatsurrounding; jvlflames; mahgreat; shasamviolence. Ka: My companion Madhumagala does not tolerate any deviation from the path of piety, and rdm, busily searching for my faults, does not even sleep. Cruel Kasa harshly rules this country. O bewildered girl, in these circumstances how is it possible for Me to fearlessly make a pious and beautiful girl burn in flames of anguish? Text 37 lalit: (samram. sansktena). anta-klea-kalakita kila vaya ymo 'dya ymya puri nya vncana-sacaya-praayina hsa tathpy ujjhati asmin sampuite gabhra-kapaair bhira-pall-vie h medhvini rdhike tava katha prem gariyn abht (iti roditi) sawith; amarsamindignation; sansktenain Sanskrit; antaklea-kalakitpolluted by inner miserable conditions that continue even after death; kilacertainly; vayamall of us; ymaare going; adyanow; ymymof Yamarja; purmto the abode; nanot; ayamthis; vacana-sacayacheating activities; praayinamaiming at; hsamsmiling; tathpistill; ujjhatigives up; asminin this; sampuitefilled; gabhiradeep; kapaaiwill deceit; bhra-pall from the village of the cowherd men; viein a debauchee; h alas; medhvaniO intelligent one; rdhikermat Rdhr; tava Your; kathamhow; premlove; garyanso great; abht became; itithus; roditishe cries. Lalit (indignant, in Sanskrit) Our hearts are so polluted by miserable condition that we are certainly going to Pluto's kingdom. Nevertheless, Ka does not give up His beautiful loving smiling, which is full of cheating tricks. O rmat Rdhr, You are very intelligent. How could You have developed such great loving affection for this deceitful debauchee from the neighborhood of the cowherds?* (Lalit cries)

Text 38 (a) madhumagala: a-i muddhe, sa-ala-sattha-visra-o jassa amhriso amacco ho-i sovi ki eda dhamma adikkamissa-i. t ala vaarudidea. a-iO; muddhebewildered girl; sa-alaall; satthascriptures; visra-oexpert; jassaof whom; amhrisolike us; amaccoan intimate relative; ho-iis; sovisomeone; kimhow?; edamthis; dhammampiety; adikkamissa-iwill transgress; tatherefore; alam what is the use?; vaain the forest; rudideawith this lamenting. Madhumagala: Bewildered beautiful girl, Ka is learned in all the scriptures. He is our friend and counselor. Why would He disobey the rules of morality? What is the use of all your words, words that are like crying in the forest? Text 38 (b) vikh: (svagatam) arh-e guj-ali-a kahassa dent ha igida lakkhemi. svagatamaside; amat present; rhi-eof rmat Rdhr; gnjof gnj; ali-amnecklace; kahassato Ka; dentgiving; hamI; igidamsymptoms of Ka's actual emotions; lakkhemiI shall observe. Vikh: (aside) This garland of gnj was worn by Rdh. Now I will give it to Ka. By observing His response, I will know His actual feelings toward Rdh. Text 38 (c) (prakam, sansktena) udra-rgea karambitntar parisphurat-ka-mukh gucit

gujval majutarvalambat srdhikeya tava kaha-sagamam (iti kahe svayam arpayati.) prakasamopenly; sansktenain Sanskit; udrnaarisen; rgea with redness or love; karambitamixed; antarwithin (or in the heart); parisphuratmanifesting; kablack (or the name Ka); mukhin the middle (or mouth); guawith excellent transcendental qualities; acitinvested; gujof gnj; valgarland; majutar very beautiful; avalambatmmay it cling; sraessence; dhik increased, (or s rdhikeyam-from Rdhik); iyamthis; tavaYour; kahaof the neck; sagamamcontact. (Openly, in Sanskrit) May this very beautiful red and black gujnecklace gracefully hang upon Your neck. (She places the necklace on Ka's neck.) Note: If the word "srdhikeyam" is divided s rdhikeyam, this ambiguous verse may also be translated: "May virtuous Rdh, whose mouth chants the name Ka, and whose heart passionately loves You, hang around Your neck like a guj-necklace." Text 39 ka: (smitv sakapaeryam). rgiam api sukahora suvttam api muhur udra-mlinyam yuvatnm iva bhva nahi guj-hram icchmi (ity ajnan iva kahd avatrya ragaa-mlikm arpayati.) smitvhaving smiled; sawith; kapaafeigned; ryamanger; rgiamred (or affectionate); apialthough; sukahoramvery hard (or harsh); suvttamnicely round (or cleverly presented); api although; muhuat every moment; udraarisen (communication); mlinyamcrookedness (ambiguity); yuvatnmof young girls; iva like; bhvamstate (or love); nahinot; gujof guj; hram

necklace; icchmiI desire; itithus; ajnannot knowing; ivaas if; kanthtfrom the neck; avatryafalling; ragaadelightful; mkikmgarland; arpayatioffers. Ka: (smiling, He pretends to be angry.) Although these gnj berries are very red, hard, and gracefully round, they are both crooked and unripe. I do not wish such a necklace. (As if bewildered, Ka removes the guj-necklace from His neck and offers it back to Lalit.) Note: This ambiguous verse may also be translated: "This garland is an ambiguous love-message from some young girl. Although great love is intented, the words are harsh, and although they are very clever, the words are also crooked. I do not wish to accept such a message-necklace." Text 40 (a) vikh: (svagatam) imassa bhamo vi amha magalo savutto. (iti vastrea samvoti.) svagatamaside; imassaHis; bhamobewilderment; viindeed; amhamour; mangaloauspicious good fortune; savuttoarrived; itithus; vastreawith the garment; samvoticonceals. Vikh: (aside) Ka's bewilderment is our good fortune. (She covers the necklace with a cloth.) Text 40 (b) lalit: hal, govi--koi-bhu-agassa imassa akkhalida accari-am bamhacari-a dihi- paai-bhmam. t mahevi gadu-a ta amhevi gadu-a ta atthnur-i rhi-a nivavemha. vikh: sahi, jutta mantesi. (ity ubhe parikrmata.)

halO; govi-of gops; koiof millions; bhu-agassaof the lover; imassaof Him; akkhalidamunyielding; accari-amwonderful; bamhacari-amvow of celibacy; dihi-by good fortune; paaibhammanifested; tthat; amheviwe two gops; gadu-a having gone; tamto her; ahurwho has fallen in love with an unsuitable person; rhi-amRdh; nivavemhawe should check; sahiO friend; juttamappropriate; mantesiyou advice; itithus; ubhethe two gops; parikramatabegin to walk. Lalit: Destiny has shown us the unflinching celibacy of a snake who loves millions of gops. We should both go and stop Rdh, who has fallen in love with a very unsuitable boy. Vikh: Friend, what you say is right. Text 40 (c) lalit: vihe, tuma gadu-a im-e ragaa-mli--e pi-a-sah ssehi. aha kkhu eda vuttanta bhaavad-e viivedissam. (iti nikrnte.) viheO Vikh; tumayou; gadu-ahaving gone; im-ewith this; ragaadelightful; mli--egarland; pi-adear; sahmfriend; ssehiconsole; ahamI; kkhuindeed; edamthis; vuttantam incident; bhaavad-eto the pious Paurams; viivedissamI shall inform; itithus; nikrntethey exit. Lalit: Vikh, take this guj-necklace to our dear friend and comfort Her. I will explain everything to Paurams. (Lalit and Vikh exit.) Text 40 (d) madhumagala: bho, darijjanta appa ksa darvesi ida kkhu paccdva-pavvathirohaassa ahirohi-imama dva. ka: sakhe satya bravi. shasikya hasitenaivnuhitam. bhoO; darijjantambeing worshiped; vialthough; appam Yourself; ksawhy indeed; darvesido You cause to worship; idam this; kkhuindeed; pacca-dvaof remorse; pavvatamountain; ahiroassaof the scent; ahirohistaircase; nimamconsisting

of; dvato that extent; sakheO friend; satyamtruthfully; bravi you speak; shasikyamrashness; hasitenawith laughter; eva indeed; anuhitamperformed. Madhumagala: This girl adores You. Why don't You also adore Her? You are building a staircase that leads up a mountain of regret. Ka: Friend, what you say is true. It was not right to mock that girl. Text 40 (e) madhumagala: pekkha go-i-ju-alam nettapaham adikkamidam. pekkhalook; go-iof gopis; ju-alama pair; nettaof the eyes; pahamto the path; adikkamidamarrived. Madhumagala: Look, two gops walk on the pathway of Our eyes. Text 40 (f) rutv nihuratm mamendu-vadan premkura bhindati svnte nti-dhurm vidhya vidhure prya parciyati kiv pmara-kma-krmuka-paritrast vimokyaty asn h maugdhyt phalin manoratha-lat mdvi mayonmlit rutvby hearing; nihuratmcruelty; mamaMy; indu-vadan moon-faced; prema-akuramthe seed of love; bhindatspliting; sva-antewithin Her heart; nti-dhurgreat toleration; vidhya taking; vidhureaggrieved; pryaalmost; parciyatimay turn against; kivor; pmaramost formidable; kmaof lusty desires or Cupid; krmukaof the bow; paritrastfrightened; vimokyati will give up; asnlife; halas; maughdyton account of bewilderment; phalinalmost fruitful; mana-rath-latthe creeper of growing love; mdivery soft; mayby Me; unmlitauprooted. Ka: (with regret) Upon hearing of My cruelty, moon-faced Rdh may establish soem kind of tolearance in Her aggrieved heart. But then She might turn against Me. Or, indeed, being fearful of the lusty desires invoked by the bow of formidable Cupid, She might even give

up Her life. Alas! I have foolishly uprooted the soft creeper of Her desire just when it was ready to bear fruit.* Text 41 (a) madhumagala: di ki ettha saraam. ka: sakhe, pratyanaga-lekha vin nnyat paymi araam. dimat present; kimwhat?; etthahere; saraamshelter; sakheO friend; pratiin return; anaga-lekhamlove-letter; vin with; nanot; anyatanother; paymiI see; araamrecourse. Madhumagala: Now what will be out shelter? Ka: Friend, I do not see any shelter but writing an answer to that letter. Text 41 (b) madhumagala: ki ettha leha-shaam. ka: vakra-kriy-praasto rgavn jav-nirysa. madhumagala: ehi, ua-maha-i-maida dre pakkandaa-tttha gacchemha. (iti nikrntau.) kimhow; etthahere; lehaof the letter; shaamcompletion; va-kraenchanting and bringing under control; kriyin the activities; praastacelebrated; rgavnfull of love; javof roses; nirysaextracted perfume; ehicome near; uaof roses; mahaa-iwith a great forest; maidamdecorated; anot; adivery; drefar away; pakkandaaPraskandana; ttthathe holy place; gacchemhalet us go; itithus; nikrntauexit. Madhumagala: What will We use to write Our letter? Ka: A letter scented with roses would bring Her under My spell. Madhumagala: Let us go to nearby Praskandana-trtha, which is decorated with a great forest of roses. (Ka and Madhumagala exit.) Text 41 (c)

(tata praviati vikhay prabodhyamn rdh.) rdh: (sakkhedam. sansktena) yasyotsaga-sukhay ithilit gurvi gurubhyas trapa prebhyo 'pi suht-tam sakhi tath yya parikleit dharma so 'pi mahn may na gaita sdhvibhir adhysito dhig dhairya tad-upekitpi yad aha jivmi ppiyas sawith; khedamunhappiness; sansktenain Sanskrit; yasya of whom; utsaga-sukha-ayaby the desire for the happiness of the association; ithilitslackened; gurvivery great; gurubhyaunto the superiors; trapbashfulness; prebhyathan My life; api although; suht-tamhmore dear; sakhiO My dear friend; tath similarly; yyamyou; parikleitso much troubled; dharma duties to My husband; sathat; apialso; mahnvery great; may by Me; nanot; gaitacared for; sdhvibhiby the most chaste women; adhysitapracticed; dhik dhairyamto hell with patiente; tatby Him; upekitneglected; apialthough; yatwhich; ahamI; jivmiam living; ppiyasthe most sinful. (Accompanied vy Vikh, who is explaining everything, Rdh enters.) Rdh: (unhappy, in Sanskrit) Desiring the happiness of His association and embraces, My dear friend, I disregarded even My superiors and relaxed My shyness and gravity before them. Furthermore, although you are My best friend, more dear to Me than My own life, I have given you so much trouble. Indeed, I even put aside the vow of dedication to My husband, a vow kept by the most elevated women. Oh, alas! Although He is now neglecting Me, I am so sinful that I am still living. Therefore I must condemm My so-called patience.* Text 42 (a) vikh: (sasambhramam) sahi, samssasa samssasa. (iti ragaa-ml ghre 'rpayati.) rdhik: (samjm labdhv.) hal, ki edam accari-a ja samohaa vi pavohedi. sawith; sambhramamrespect; sahiO friend; samssasa samssasado not lament, do not lament; itithus; ragaa

delightful; mlamgarland; ghreon the nose; arpayatiplaces; sammconsciousness; labdhvhaving gained; halO; kim what?; edamthis; accari-amwonderful; jamwhich; samohaam fainting; vialthough; pavohedirevives. Vikh: (respectfully) Friend, please be comforted. Be comforted. (She places the guj-necklace to Rdh's nose.) Rdhik: (with understanding) Ah! In the beginning it made Me almost fall unconscious. Why does this wonderful necklace now revive Me from that unconsciousness? Text 42 (b) vikh: (mlya nivedya. sansktena) agottra-vilapana sakhi samki-kriyy mair mantro hanta muhur va-kti-vidhau nmsya vai-pate nirmlya iya mahauadhir iha avntasya sammochane ns kastis gti paramcinty prabhvvalm agaof limbs; uttratopmost (head); vilepanamointment; sakhiO friend; samkiof attracting; kriyymin the activity; maijewel; mantramantra; hantaO; muhuat every moment; va-ktibringing under control; vidhauin the activity; nma name; asyaof Him; va-pateplaying the flute; nirmlya rejected; srakgarland; iyamthis; mahgreat; oadhimedicinal herb; ihahere; svntasyaof the heart; sammohanein the fainting; nanot; smof us; kawhat?; tismof the three; gti proclaims; paramasupreme; acintyaminconceivable; prabhva stregnth; valmabundance. Vikh: (gives the garland to Rdh.) Friend, the sandal paste from the flutist Ka's forehead is a mystic jewel that draws people to it. Ka's name is a mantra that brings people under its control. Ka's flower-garland is a potion that charms people's hearts. Who does not know the inconceivable power of these three things? Text 43 (a)

rdhik: (svagatam) eva-guea imi uvekkhida vi a hadasarra kadha ajjavi illajjna dhremi. t kli-a-hada-pavesov-am ausarissam. (prakam) vishe, viavehi guru-aa ja brah-iccatittha gadu-a sra accidukmamhi. svagatamaside; evamlike this; gueawith qualities; imi with this; uvekkhidamneglected; vialthough; amthis; hada wounded; marrambody; kadhamhow is it?; ajjatoday; vieven; illajjhamI am shameless; dhremiI maintain; ttherefore; kli-a Kliya; hadain the lake; pavesaof entering; uv-amby the remedial measure; ausarissamI shall adopt; prakamopenly; visheO Vikh; viavehiplease tell; gurusuperior; aam personalities; jamwhich; brah-icca-titthamthe holy place named Dvda-ditya-trtha; gadu-ahaving gone; sramthe sun god; accidukmdesiring to worship; amhiI am. Rdhik: (aside) Ka, who has all these glorious virtues, neglects this body of Mine, a body that is better off dead. Why do I shamelessly keep this body alive? I will drown it the waters of Kliya Lake. (openly) Vikh, please tell My supreriors that, desiring to worship the sungod, I went to Dvdaditya-trtha. Text 43 (b) vikh: shu sumar-ida pi-a-sah-e ja ajj-e jail-e vi ida jjevva di dihamhi. t ehi. (ity ubhe parikrmata.) shuwell; sumar-idamcaused to remeber; pi-adear; sah-e by the friend; jamwhich; ajj-eby the pious gop; jail-eby Jail; vialthough; idamthis; jjevvacertainly; dimat present; dihamhiI am instructed; ttherefore; ehicome with me. Vikh: My dear friend well remembers saintly Jail's order, an order I now accept from You. Come. Let us go. (They begin to walk.) Text 43 (c) rdhik: (savymocham)

ma parihara-i mu-undo tahavi durs virohi aha- maha sahi gahra-r saraa bahi kidantassa mamme; pariharaneglects; mu-undoLord Mukunda; tahavi nevertheless; dursunattainable aspiration; virohiinimical; daha-burns; mahamy; sahiO friend; gahradeep; nrwater; saraamrecourse; bahisister; kidantassaof the god of death (Yamarja). Rdhik: (perplexed) Although Ka neglects me, the hostile and unfulfillable hope to attain Him burns in Me still. Friend, the deep waters of the Yamun, who is the sister of the king of death, is My only shelter. Text 44 (a) vikh: hal, pekkha patthe magala-s-n-i sa-u-i. t eva m bhaa. rdhik: (puro dv) bal, katham es puvva-dis-muhe -li- sajh dsa-i. halO; pekkhalook; patthein the walking; magala auspicious; s-u-imsigns; sa-u-imfavorable omens; t therefore; evamindeed; mdon't; bhaatalk; puraahead; dvlooking; halO; kathamhow is it?; esit; puvvafront; disin the direction; muhein the face; -li-not happening at the proper time; sajhsunset; dsa-iis seen. Vikh: Look at the auspicious signs appearing on our path. Don't say anything more. Rdhik: (looking ahead) Why did the sun suddenly set in the east before it is time? Text 44 (b) vikh: a kkhu sajh. pekkha pakkandae srassa ballah pariphullid uur-i rehadi. t imassa aggha kdu a avaciamha. (ity ubhe kuruta).

anot; kkhuindeed; sajhsunset; pekkhalook; pakkandae at Praskndana tirtha; srassaof the sun-god; ballahdear; pariphullidblossomed; uuof roses; r-iseries; rehadishines; t therefore; imassaof that; agghamscented water; kdumto make; amthis; avaciamhalet us collect; itithus; ubhethe two gops; kurutaact. Vikh: The sun didn't set. Look! The beautiful roses in Praskandatrtha, roeses dear to the sun-god, are splendidly in bloom. Let's pick some to make rose water. Text 44 (c) (tata praviati baun saha ka.) ka: sakhe, seya rdhdhara-knti-taskar jav-rji. madhumagala: ado a ippi-a nimmhi paccaaga-leham. tatathen; praviatienters; baunboy; sahawith; ka r Ka; sakheO friend; sthis; iyamthis; rdhof Rdh; adharaof the lips; kntithe beauty; taskarthief; javof roses; rjiseries; adotherefore; amthis; nippi-ahaving pressed; immhiplease write; paccanaga-lehamthe reply to the love-letter. (Ka and Madhumagala enter.) Ka: Friend, these roses are thieves who have stolen their beauty from Rdh's lips. Madhumagala: Press the juice from these roses, and write a reply to Rdh's love-letter. Text 44 (d) ka: (parikampya savismayam.) e nntika-vartin sura-girer ailvt hanta bhr agre ki kalaymi kcana-rucm udgra-gaurr dia jta mai-npura-dhvani-bhard l-janlakt kntn kula-devat vilasitu vndav vindati parikampyatrembling; sawith; vismayamwonder; ethis; nnot; kantikanear; vartinsituated; suraof the demigods; gire

of the mountain (Mount Sumeru); ailvtof Ilvta-vara; hanta O; bhland; agrein the presence; kimwhat?; kalaymido I perceive; kcanaof gold; rucmsplendor; udgraemanating; gaura golden effulgence; diain all directions; myes; jtam known; maijewels; npuraof the ankle-bells; dhvanisound; alaktdecorated; kntnmof beauty; kula-devatthe presideing deity; vilasitumto perform pastimes; vnd-aavmthe forest of Vndvana; vindatienters. Ka: (trembling with wonder) This is not the valley of Mount Sumeru. Why do I see a golden splendor in every direction? Ah! The sound of many jeweled anklets makes Me know.that the goddess of beauty must have entered Vndvana Forest to enjoy many pastimes. Text 45 (a) madhumagala: hanta bho, maggijjnatammi v-urshae kurag sa-a hattha gad. ka: (snandam) sakhe, sadhu vijtam. tad atra vkntaritau uva kim asau prastauti. (iti tath sthitau.) hantaO; bhomy dear sir; maggijjantammibeing sought; v-ur to the trap; shaeleading; kuragdeer; sa-amown; hattham hand; gadgone; sawith; nandambliss; sakheO friend; sadhu nicely; vijtamunderstood; tattherefore; atrahere; vksby the tree; antaritauhidden; uvalet us hear; kimwhat; asau these two gops; prastautisay. Madhumagala: Ah, now the dee places her foot in the trap. Ka: (blissful) O friend, you understand this very well. Let us hide behind this tree and hear what they say. (They stand behind the tree.) Text 45 (b) rdhik: (vikh lambya ssram). hal, eso jao kadhpasage saa sumaridavvo. vikh: (sabapam) sahi, accha-dhrattandi-gua bhanijjasi. ta kiti evva uvviggsi.

vikhVikh; lmbyaresting; sawith; asramtears; hal O; esothis; jaoperson; kadhof the description; pasagein relation; sa-amHimself; sumaridavvomay remembered; sawith; bapamtears; sahiO friend; acchaunfalling; dhrattana gravity and patience; diand other; guanoble qualities; bhaijjasi are spoken; tatherefore; kitiwhy?; evvamthus; uviggsihave you become so agitated. Rdhik: (weeping, she rests her hand on Vikh's shoulder) When you talk, you should remember this person. Vikh: (also weeping) Friend, everyone says You are grave, and patient, and full of all other virtues. Why are You so upset? Text 45 (c) rdhik: sahi, iggu-kidamhi tea dhuttea. (iti sansktena) tasyoras-taa-maala dhti-nad-rodha-kriy-paita vaktrendu kula-dharma-pakaja-van-sakoca-dk-vrat dor-ypau nitarm udacita-cira-vrbhidrdhvarau h kaa nikhila-gil sakhi dor bhag-bhujag tu s sahiO friend; niggu-kidambiI have become devoid of all good qualities; teabecause of Him; dhuttearascal; itithus; sansktenain Sanskrit; tasyaHis; uraof the chest; taaof the surface; maalamarea; dhtiof patience; nadof the river; rodha of checking; kriyin the activities; paitamexpert; vaktraface; indumoon; kula-dharmaof the rules of proper conduct; pakajaof lotus flowers; vanof the forest; sakocashrinking away; dk initiated; vratwho has taken a vow; doof the arms; ypauthe two pillars; nitarmcompletely; udacitaelevated; cirafor a long time; vrdshyness; abhidrato exercise; adhvarausacrifice; h O; kaamalas; nikhilameverything; gilswallowing; sakhiO friend; doof the eyes; bhagof the movements; bhujagthe serpent; tuand; sshe. Rdhik: Friend, this rogue has robbed all My virtues.(in Sanskrit) His chest is a dam that stops the river of my patience. His face is a moon that withers the lotus flowers of My pious deeds. His arms are pillars in a yaja to drive away My perpetual shyness. Alas! Friend, the crooked snake of His glance devours everything.

Text 46 (a) ka: priye, tvan-mdhuryea mdhava ca ja-ktya nirgum avasth nto 'yam. priyeO beloved; tvatyour; mdhuryeaby the charm; mdhavaLord Mdhava; caand; ja-ktyabecome stunned; nirgumdevoid of good qualities; avasthmstate of being; nta brought; ayamHe. Ka: Beloved, stunned by your sweetness, Ka has also lost all His virtues. Text 46 (b) rdhik: (ke ajali baddhv. sansktena) hanta bho bakhanta. grhnta-khelantyo nija-sahaja-blyasya baland abhadra bhadra v kim api hi na jnmahi mank vaya netu yukt katham aara km api da katha v nyyy te prathayitum udsna-padav kein the sky; ajalim baddhvfolding hands; sansktenain Sanskrit; hantaO; bhoYou; bakof Ptana, the sister of Baka; hantaO killer; grha-anta-khelantyawho were engaged in childish play within the house; nijaone's own; sahajasimple; blyasyagood; vor; kim apiwhat; hicertainly; nanot; jnmahiwe did know; mankeven slightly; vayamwe; netumto lead; yuktsuitable; kathamhow; aaramwithout surrender; km apisuch as this; damto the condition; kathamhow; vor; nyyycorrect; teof You; prathayitumto manifest; udsnaof carelessness; padavthe position. Rdhik: (folds her hands in the direction of the sky) O Ka, O killer of Ptan, I was engaged in My own playful activities in My home, and because of My childish innocence I did not know right from wrong. Therefore, is it good for You to have forced Us into being so much attracted to You and then to have neglected Us? Now You are indifferent to Us. Do You think that is right?*

Text 47 (b) ka: priye, ka khalu jijviur jvtu-bhty siddhauadhilatym udste. priyeO beloved; kawho?; jijviudesiring to live; jvtuof life; bhtymbecome; siddhaperfect; auadhimedicinal herb; latymcreeper; udsteremains unconcerned. Ka: Beloved, who, desiring to remain alive, will ignore the medicinal vine that will cure his ilness? Text 47 (b) rdhik: (nivasya) hal, es pi me ek-al tu-e appao kahe dhraijj. (iti kahd ekvalm uttyati.) nivasyasighing; halO; esthis; pi-dear; meto me; ekalnecklace; tu-eby you; appaoyour; kaheon the neck; dhraijjshould be worn; itithus; kahtfrom the neck; ekavalmnecklace; uttrayatiremoves. Rdhik: (sighs) Friend, please wear my favorite necklace. (Rdh removes the necklace from Her neck.) Text 47 (c) vikh: (hahn nivrya) hal, evva auccihant kiti ma dahasi ja lalida paikkhi-a nirujjamamhi. (iti roditi). hahtforcefully; nivryachecking; halO; evvamin this manner; aucihantstaying; kitiwhy?; mmme; dahasido you burn; jamwhich; lalidamLalit-gop; paikkhi-awaiting; nirujjamamhiI am inactive.

Vikh: (forcibly stops Rdh.) Ah! Why do you set me on fire in this way? I am only waiting for Lalit. (Vikh cries). Text 47 (d) rdhik: (sansktena) akruya ko yadi mayi tavga katham ida mudh m rodir me kuru param imm uttara-ktim tamlasya skandhe viihita-bhuja-vallarir iya yath vndraye ciram avical tihati tanu akruyavery cruel; kaLord Ka; yadiif; mayiunto Me; tavayour; gaoffense; kathamhow; idamthis; mudh uselessly; m roddo not cry; mefor Me; kurudo; parambut afterwards; immthis; uttara-ktimfinal act; tamlasyaof a tamla tree; skandhethe trunk; vinhitafixed upon; bhuja-vallari arms like creepers; iyamthis; yathas far as possible; vnd-araye in the forest of Vndvana; ciramforever; avicalwithout being disturbed; tihatiremains; tanuthe body. Rdhik: (in Sanskrit) My dear friend, if Ka is unkind to Me, there will be no need for you to cry, for it will not be due to any fault of yours. I shall then have to die, but afterwards please do one thing for Me; to observe My funeral ceremony, place My body with its arms embracing a tamla tree like creepers so that I may remain forever in Vndvana undisturbed. That is My request.* Text 48 (a) ka: (ssram) sakhe, dnurgasya sdhihat. sawith; asramtears; sakheO friend; dseen; anurgasya of the love; sdhihatthe great appropriateness. Ka: (weeping) Friend, see how great Her love is! Text 48 (b)

rdhik: (svagatam) tuvarvedi ma kvi ghaukkah. (prakam) hal. sram acci-a ki pi abbhatthidukmmhi. t jva sia kadu-a ivutt bhave tuma ettha puppha avaciehi. (iti trthbhimukha dvitri padhi gatv punar tmagatam.) hanta, so tilloka-mohao muha-cando puo ma-e na diho. (iti sotkaha nivtya prakam.) hal, pasda pasda. dasehi ta paicchandaam. svagatamaside; tuvarvediimpells; mamme; kvisome; ghanutkahintense longing; prakamopenly; halO; sram the sun-god (Vivasvn); acci-ahaving worshiped; kim pisomewhat; abbhatthidukmmhiI desire to request; ttherefore; jvato what extent; siambath; kadu-ahaving performed; ivuttdead; bhaveI may become; tvato that extent; tumamyou; etthahere; pupphamflowers; avaciehigather; itithus; trthathe holy place; abhimukhamin the direction; dvi-tritwo or three; padni steps; gatvhaving gone; punaagain; tma-gatamsay to herself; hantaO; soHe; tillokathe three worlds; mohaoenchanting; muhaface; candomoon; puoagain; ma-eby me; anot; dihoseen; itithus; sawith; utkahamlonging; nivtya having returned; prakamshe openly says; halO; pasda pasda be merciful, be merciful; dasehiplease show; tamthat; paicchanda-ampicture. Rdhik: (aside) Passionate longings make Me go quickly. (openly) After worshiping the sun-god, there is one more thing I wish to ask: After I have gone, please pick a flower for each time I have bathed here. (She takes two or thre steps in the direction of the holy trtha, and again speaks to Herself.) Alas, never again will I see Ka, whose face is like the moon and who enchants the three worlds. (Full of longing, she returns and openly says:) Be kind. Be kind. Show Me His picture. Text 48 (b) vikh: sahi, atthi attha citta-phala-am. rdhik: (savyatham) tado painea a paccakh-karissam. (iti dhyna naayati). sahiO friend; atthiit is not; etthahere; cittafor a picture; phala-ampaper; sawith; vyathamalarm; tadothen; paihea by meditation; amHim; paccakkhvisible; karissamI shall

cause to become; itithus; dhynammeditation; naayatishe represents dramatically. Vikh: Friend, there is no paper here to draw a picture. Rdhik: (anxious) Then I will make Him appear in My meditation. (Rdh becomes rapt in meditation.) Text 48 (c) ka: sakhe, ptam apta-prvamaunmdaka rotramdhvkam. tad agrato gacchva. (iti ubhau tatha kurutah.) vikh: (vilokya snanddam sasambhramama.) dihi- tujjha suha-jjhea phalidam. t jhatti ugghehi lo-aam. (rdhik da daronmlya camatkra naayati.) sakheO friend; ptamdrunk; aptanot drunk; prvambefore; unmdakamintoxication; rotrafor the ears; mdhvkamnectar; tattherefore; agratain the presence; gacchvawe have come; itithus; ubhauthe two gopas (Ka and Madhumagala); tathin that way; kurutaact; vilokyahaving seen; sahiO friend; dihi- by good fortune; tujjhayour; suhapleasent; jjhnenaby the meditation; phalidambecomes successful; tatherefore; jhatti immediately; udghehiopen; lo-aameyes; rdhikRdh; dameyes; daraslightly; unmlyaopens; camatkram amazement; aayatirepresents dramatically. Ka: Friend, My ears have just drunk a sweet nectar they have never drunk before. Let Us go before them. (They both do that.) Vikh: (Seeing Ka and Madhumagala, she becomes joyful and says with great respect:) Friend, by destiny Your happy meditation has borne its fruit. Open your eyes at once! (Rdh slightly opens her eyes and becomes filled with wonder.) Text 48 (d) vikh: (sansktena) yad-artha sakre patasi hata-kandarpa-kadane

mdu v durvre jvalayasi tanu prema-dahane akhaenpa sakhi nava-ikhaena kalayan vils so 'ya te sphurati purato jvita-pati sansktenain Sanskrit: yatof whom; arthamfor the benefit; sakrneextended; patasiyou are falling; hatastruck; kandarpa of cupid; kadanedestruction; mdumdelicate; vor; durvre unbearable; jvalayasiyou cause to burn; tanumbody; premaof pure love of God; dahanein the fire; akhaenaunbroken; pam decoration for the top of the head; sakhiO friend; navafresh; ikhaenawith a peacock feather; kalayanwearing; vilsplayful (or splendid); sa ayamthis person; teyour; sphuratiis manifested; puratain the presence; jvitaof the life; patithe Lord. Vikh: The boy for whose sake You fell into the devastation of love and for whose sake You made Your delicate body burm in the flames of love, the boy who wears a new-peacock feather crown, the playful boy who is the master of Your life, now stands before You. Text 49 (a) rdhik: ammahe siviassa mhur. vikh: avisaddhe, eso de apuvvo sivio jo idd-e vi vi ippao. ammaheO; siivassaof the dream; mhurthe sweetness; avisaddheuntrusting; esohHe; deyour; apuvvounprecedented; siviodream; jowho; nidd-esleep; viwithout; vieven; ippaoappeared. Rdhik: Ah, how sweet this dream is. Vikh: O unbeliever, without sleeping You never dreamed like this before. Text 49 (b) ka: asau dg-bhagbhi kusuma-aram ng-kta-ara sjant dantndra-kramaa-kamanylasa-gati

adre rambhorr iha vadana-bimbasya suam samrambhd ambhoruha-madhurima damayati asauthis person; dkof the eyes; bhagibhiwith the movements; kusumaof flowers; aramarrow; ag-ktaaccepted; aramarrow; sjantcausing to flee; dantiof elephants; indra king; kramaasteps; kamanyagraceful; lasaslow; gatigait; adrenot far away; rambha-urbeautiful gop; ihahere; vadana of the lips; bimbasyaof the bimba fruit; suamgreat beauty; samrambhtfrom the beginning; ambhoruhaof the lotus flowers; madhurimamthe charming beauty; damayaticonquers. Ka: Her eyes shooting flower-arrows glances, Her graceful motions like a graceful regal elephant's, Her bimba-fruit lips beautiful, and Her thighs banana trees, this girl defeats the sweetness of the lotus flowers. Text 50 (a) rdhik: (ke dg-anta nartayant svagatam). shu re hi-a-a, sdhu dihi- muhutta vilambidam. ka: (smitv) dhrte vikhe, samanth mgyam diy tvam atra dsi. yad adya bhavaty rpa-sdyd apkima-gujhrea m pratrya durlabh me ragaa-mlikpant. keon Ka; dkof the eyes; antamcorners; nartayant causing to dance; svagatamspeaking to herself; shuexcellent; re O; hi-a-aO heart; sdhuexcellent; dihi-by good fortune; muhuttamfor a moment; vilambidamdelayed; smitvsmiling; dhrteO rascal; vikhikeO Vikh; samanttcompletely; mgyamsought; diyby good fortune; tvamyou; atra here; dseen; asiare; yatbecause; adyatoday; bhavaty by you; rpaof the form; sdytbecause of similarity; apkima unripe; gujof guj; hreawith the garland; mmme; pratrya having misled; dulabharare; memy; ragaadelightful; mlik garland; apanttaken away. Rdhik: (Her eyes dance on the form of Ka, and she says to herself:) O My heart, excellent! Excellent! By good fortune this moment has come.

Ka: (smiles) Rascal Vikh, I looked everywhere for you. Now by good fortune I see you. A girl who looks like you bewildered Me and robbed Me of my rare ragaa garland and unripe guj-necklace. Text 50 (b) madhumagala: bho a rh-e kahdo dsant appao ragaa-mli-a sa-a jebba -ai-a geha. ka: sakhe, jnatpi bhavat kim idam anyyyam upanyastam. na khalu svapne 'pi may kmin-spara smaryate. bhoO; amthis; rh-aof Rdh; kahdofrom the neck; dsantmseen; appaoYour; ragaadelightful; mli-am garland; sa-ampersonally; jebbacertainly; -ai-apulling; geha please take; sakheO friend; jnatknowing; apialthough; bhavat by you; kimwhat?: idamthis; anyyyamimproper; uupanyastam mentioned; nanot; khaluindeed; svapnein a dream; apieven; mayby me; kminof this beautiful and affectionate gop; sparathe touch; smaryateis remembered. Madhumagala: Ah! Take Your ragaa garland from Rdh's neck. I see it there. Ka: Friend, you know all about this. Still, that was not very good advice. Even in a dream I cannot remember the touch of such a beautiful girl. Text 50 (c) rdhik: (svagatam) imassa parihso vi eso sakid-e mama sacco paibhdi. vikh: (vihasya) ayi varga-taragin mah-s-ara, ciha ciha. di vi im-i dsanti tujjha agesu ta cih-i. svagatamaside; imassaHis; parihsojesting; vialthough; eso this; smkid-esuspicious; mamaof me; saccohonest; padibhadiis manifested; vihasyalaughing; ayiO; varabeautiful; agagirls; taraginmrivers; mahgreat; sa-araO ocean; cittha citthastand, stand; dimnow; vieven; ima-imthese; dsantiare seen; tujjhaYour; agesuon the limbs; tamtheir; cih-immarks.

Rdhik: (aside) Although Ka is jesting, I am fear He tells the truth about me. Vikh: (laughing) O O great ocean into which the rivers of many beautiful girls flow, stop! Stop! Even now I see the marks they left on Your body. Text 50 (d) kni kaka-bhagibhir ala gopgann tvay raktny atra mansi yhi nimionmuktni netry api tny etni bhavn navjana-tano gujvaln chalt picchn ca sad prasdhana-dhiy sandhrayan nandasi kaniattracted; katka-bhagibhiby roving sidelong glances; alamgreatly; gopa-aganmof the gops; tvayby You; raktniaffectionate; atrahere; mansiminds; yniwhich; nimiafrom blinking; unmuktnirefrained; netrieyes; api even; tnithey; etnithese; bhavnYou; navafresh; ajana ointment; tanobody; gujof guj; valnmof necklaces; chalt on the pretext; picchnmof peacock feathers; caand; sad always; prasdhanafor decoration; dhiywith a mind; sandhrayan holding; nandasiYou enjoy pastimes. With waves of sidelong glances You attract the gops' passionate hearts and unblinking eyes. O boy anointed with sandal paste, on the pretext of decorating Your body with peacock feathers and gujnecklaces, You attract the gops and enjoy with them. Text 51 ka: (saharam tmagatam) pramada-rasa-taraga-smera-gada-sthaly smara-dhanur anubandhi-bhr-lat-lsya-bhja mada-kala-cala-bhg-bhrnti-bhagi dadhno hdayam idam adkt pakmalky kaka sawith; haramjoy; tmagatamto Himself; pramadaof joy; rasa-taragaby the continuos waves of the mellow; smeramildly smiling; gaa-sthalywhose cheeks; smara-dhanuthe bow of

Cupid; anubandhirelated with; bhr-latof the arched eyebrows; lsyadancing; bhjaof one who has; mada-kalaintoxicated; cala unsteady; bhg-bhrntithe moving to and fro of bees; bhagm the semblance of ; dadhnagiving; hdayam idamthis heart; adkithas bitten; pakmalapossessing exquisite eyelashes; akyof whose two eyes; kaa-akathe glance. Ka: (Joyful, to Himself) When rmat Rdhr smiles, waves of joy overtake Her cheeks, and Her arched eyebrows dance like the bow of Cupid. Her glance is so enchanting that it is like a dancing bumblebee, moving unsteadily due to intoxication. That bee has bitten the whorl of My heart.* Text 52 (a) (nepathye) attii vishe. ka: katham akhe jar-pureya jail. (praviya) jail: (puro dv svagatam) kaha ettha kaho. (prakam) vishe, kiti im-i dh-a-gandha-ratta-candan-im tu-e visumarid-i. nepathyeoffstage; attiiO granddaughter; visheO Vikh; kathamwhy?; akheunexpectedly; jarold; paurwhite; iyamthis; jailJail; praviyaenters; puraahead; dv having glanced; svagatamspeaking to herself; kahamwhy?; ettha here; kanhoKa; prakamopenly; visheO Vikh; kiti why?; gandhawith the aroma; rattaenhanced; candan-im sandalwood paste; tu-eby you; visumarid-imforgotten. Jail: (offstage) Granddaughter Vikh! Ka: Why has Jail, pake with age, come so unexpectedly? (Jail enters). Jail: (looking ahead, she says to herself:) Why is Ka here? (openly) Vikh, why did you forget the incense, sandal paste, and fragrances? Text 52 (b)

ka: (svagatam) candrik candra-lekhy cakore ptum udyate pidhna vidadhe hanta arad-ambhodarval (prakam) mtur mtuli, praammi. svagatamaside; candrikmmoonlight; candra-lekhyaof teh cresent moon; cakorecakora bird; ptumto drink; udyatearisen; pidhnama covering; vidadheaccepted; hantaO; aratautumn; ambhodharaof clouds; valseries; matuof the mother; mtuliO maternal aunt; pranmmiI offer respects. Ka: (aside) Just as the cakora bird is about to drink the moonlight, a mass of clouds covers the crescent moon. (openly) O wife of My mother's maternal uncle, I offer respects to you. Text 53 (a) jail: mohaa, valla-a-kior-ule avaka-dih hohi. madhumagala: (vihasya) bho dadhci-haa-kakkase, eso savvado udra-dih cce-a majjha pi-a-vaasso. tuma kkhu kearacch. tvappam sasehi. mohaaO enchanting boy; valla-aof the cowherds; kiorof the young girls; ulein the community; avakauncrooked; dih with a glance; hohiplease become; vihasyalaughing; bhoO; dadhciof the sage Dadhci; haaof the bones; kakkasehard; esothis; savvadoalways; udranoble; dihglance; cce-a indeed; majjhamy; pi-adear; vaassofriend; tumamyou; kkhu indeed; ke-aracchisquinting eyes; ttherefore; ppaamself; sasehiplease bestow a benediction. Jail: Charming boy, don't look at the young gops with such crooked eyes. Madhumagala: (laughs) O lady hard like Indra's thunderbolt, my dear friend's glance is always kind and gentle. It is you whose eyes are squinting. Therefore you should grant a benediction to yourself, that your eyes may no longer squint.

Text 53 (b) jail: bho kior-bhu-aga, ksa tuma -adosi. ka: rye, lokottarnurga-camatkriyam sujav-lakm ka v nkarati. bhoO; kiorif the young girls; bhu-agaO lover; ksawhy?; tumamyou; a-adosihave you arrived; aryeO noble gop; lokottara extraordinary; anuragaredness (or lover); camatkarinicausing astonishment; iyamshe; sujavof beautiful roses; lakm splendor; kamwhom?; vor; nanot; akaratiattracts. Jail: O snake chasing young girls, why have You come here? Ka: O noble lady, who would not be attracted by the wonderful beauty of these red roses? Note: These ambiguous words may also be translated: "O noble lady, who would not be attracted by Rdh, who is beautiful like a rose, and whose love is very wonderful?" Text 53 (c) jail: (svagatam) a bhaavadi-e vijj-pahva-sabhvid imassa ettha uvasatt. (prakam) mohaa, jhatti ido gacchehi. ka: ayi jalpki vddhe. kim ity kulsi. svacchandato gaccheyam. svagatamaside; amat present; bhaavadi-eby Mukhar; vijjof knowledge; panvaby the stregnth; sabhvidconnected; imassaof Him; etthahere; uvasattcontact; prakamopenly; mohaaO charming boy; jhattiimmediately; idofrom here; gacchehigo; ayiO; jalpkitalkative; vddheO elderly gop; kim itiwhy; kulagitated; siyou are; svacchandata independently; gaccheyamI shall go. Jail: (aside) Noble Mukhar told me Ka was here. (openly) Charming boy, please leave at once.

Ka: O talkative old lady, why are you so agitated? I will go when I wish. Text 53 (d) jail: (kuila vilokya. sansktena) nirdhautn nikhila-dhara-mdhur dhur kaly me nivasati vadh paya prve navoh antar gohe caula naayann atra netra-tri-bhga niakas tva bhramasi bhavit nkulatva kuto me kuilamcrooked; vilokyaseeing; sansktenain Sanskrit; nirdhautnmwashed; nikhilaentire; dharaof the earth; mdhurmof the sweetness; dhurcarrying the burden; kalyauspicious; meof me; nivasatidwells; vadhbride; payalook; prvenear; navohnewly married; antacausing to dance; atrahere; netraeyes; trithree; bhgamparts; niakafearless; tvamYou; bhramasiwander; bhavitcaused to be; nanot; kulatvamanxiety; memy; kuthwhy?; meof me. Jail: (looks at Ka with crooked eyes) Look, here, filled with all the charm and sweetness in the world, is my beautiful young daughterin-law, and there, O mischievous boy with dancing eyes, are You by Her side. Why should I not be anxious? Text 54 (a) ka: makini vddhe, m pralpa kth. yvad et te vadhm karaya tvan mny bhvaymi. jail: vishe, kiti etti-a vilambidsi. vikh: (smitv) ajje, a dullalida kuraga pekkhant vimhidamhi. m-akinisuspicious; vddheold gop; mdon't; pralpam gossip; kthperform; yvatto what extent; etmthis; te your; vadhmsister-in-law; karayamhave heard; tvatto that extent; mnymrespectable; bhvaymiI cause to become; vishe O Vikh; kitiwhy?; etti-ain this way; vilambidsiare you

loitering about; smitvsmiling; ajjeO pious gop; amthis; dullalidamwayward; kuragamI became amazed. Ka: Needlessly suspicious old lady, don't talk like that. By listening to your daughter-in-law, I have only made her more and more respectable. Jail: Vikh, why are you here? Vikh: Noble lady, I saw a mischievous deer and became filled with wonder. Note: Here the word "kuraga" may mean either deer" or "rake". Vikh's words may therefore also be translated: "I saw a mischievous rake and became filled with wonder." Text 54 (b) (iti sadi-kepam). akarua mukki-a caga kuraga pemmea sagada harim vihala kddaa-caulo tuma bado baa bhamasi itithus; sawith; diof glance; ksepamthrowing; akarua without mercy; mukki-ahaving abandoned; cagambeautiful; kuragaO deer; pemmeawith love; sagadamsuitable; harim female deer; vihalamuseless; kddaain playfully leaping; caulo expert; tumamyou; badofrom forest; baamto forest; bhamasi wander. (Glances at a deer) O merciless deer, abandoning your beautiful mate, who loved you and stayed by your side, you now aimlessly wonder, leaping and playing, from forest to forest. Note: These ambiguous words may also be translated: "O merciless rake, abandoning your beautiful mate, who loved you and stayed by your side, you now aimlessly wonder, leaping and playing, from forest to forest."

Text 55 (a) jail: a-i attha-duggahe, muca kuraga-kodhalam. madhumagala: pi-a-vaassa, pekkha. eso satio vi kraju-o a mahura dim a paipajja-i. a-iO; atthainnapropriate; duggahewhim; mucaabandon; kuragadeer; kodhalaminfatuation; pi-adear; vaassaO friend; pekkhalook; esohe; satiothirsty; vialthough; kraparrot; juoyoung; athis; mahuramsweet; dimmpomegranate; na not; paipajja-iaccepts. Jail: Foolish whimsical girl, give up this infatuation with a deer. Madhumagala: Dear friend, look! A thirsty young parrot will not touch that sweet pomegranate fruit. Text 55 (b) ka: (smitv) hdi tito 'pi dimi sumanorgea te ruci vahat paktrima-rassi ki v neti uka akayodste smitvhaving smiled; hdiin the heart; titastruck; api although; dimiO pomegranate; su-manorgeawith great love; teyour; rucimbeauty; vahatcarrying; paktrimamatured; ras nectar (or love; asiyou are; kim vwhether?; nanot; itithus; ukaparrot; akaywith apprehension; udsteremains indifferent and aloof. Ka: (smiling) O pomegranate fruit, this parrot, his heart struck by your beautiful redness, wonders, "Is this fruit ripe, or not?" That is why he stands aloof. Note: In his commentary, rla Vivantha Cakravart explains that Ka here compares Himself to the parrot and Rdh to the pomegranate. Ka wonders whether r Rdh's ecstatic love is now ripe.

Text 56 (a) (vikh sadg-bhaga rdhikm avalokate.) rdhik: (svagatam) hi-a-a, samassasa samassasa. (iti sakhedam apavrya. sansktena.) pta na vg-amtam atra harer aaka nyasta maysya vadane na dg-acala ca ramye cird avasare sakhi labdha-mtre h durvidhir virurudhe jarat-cchalena vikhVikh; sawith; dkof the eyes; bhagam movement; rdhikmRdh; avalokateglances; svagatamaside; hi-a-aO heart; samassasa samassasabe comforted, be comforted; itithus; sawith; khedamdistress; apavryawithdrawing; sansktenain Sanskrit; ptamdrunk; nanot; vkof the words; amtamnectar; atrahere; hareof the Supreme Personality of Godhead; aakamwithout doubt; nyastamplaced; mayby me; asyaHis; vadaneon the face; nanot; dkof the eyes; acalam corner; caand; ramyedelightful; cirtfor a long time; avasare opportunity; sakhiO friend; labdhaattained; mtreonly; hO; durvidhiwicked fate; virurudheopposed; jaratof the old woman; chalenaby the pretext. (Vikh casts a crooked glance at Rdh.) Rdh: (aside) O heart, be still. Be still. (She secretly laments in Sanskrit) I have not yet drunk the nectar of Ka's words, and I have not yet glanced at His face from the corners of My eyes. O My friend, after a long time I finally have this chance to enjoy pastimes with Ka. But now, alas, wicked fate, using this old lady as its tool, stands in My way. Text 56 (b) jail: (svagatam) amhahe kaha-dihio mhambha. ja vah-e so uvasaggo taha atthi. (prakam) vishe pekkha. adikkamadi majjhaho. t turida sra-maava pavissamha.

svagatamaside; amhaheO; kahaof Ka; dihioof the sight; mhambhamglorification; jambecause; vah-eof the bride; soHe; uvasaggocalamity; tahain this way; atthiis not; prakamopenly; visheO Vikh; pekkhalook; adikkamadi passes away; majjhanhomid-day; tatherefore; turidamquickly; sraof the sun-god; maavamthe temple; pavisamhalet us enter; itithus; tisrathe three gops; nikrntexit. Jail: (aside) How glorious is the sight of Ka! It is not a calamity that my daughter-in-law is in Ka's company. (openly) Vikh, look! The afternoon is ending. Let us hurry to the sun-god's temple. (The three gops exit.) Text 56 (c) ka: sakhe, kaumudya pauramsm anuvartate. tad ehi tm eva pratipadyevahi. (iti nikrntau.) sakheO friend; kaumudmoonlight; iyamthis; pauramsm the full moon (Paurams); anuvartafollows; tattherefore; ehi come here; tmto her (Paurams): evaindeed; pratipadyevahi let us go; itithus; nikrntauThey exit. Ka: Friend, this girl is like moonlight that follows the full moon of Paurams. Let us go to Paurams. (Ka and Madhumagala exit). Thus ends Act Two.

Act Three Rdh-saga The Meeting With Rdh Text 1 (a)

(tata praviati lalitaynugamyamn paurams). Paurams: vatse, nna mattas trapamo nbhinandati nandakumras te sakh-sagamam. Lalit: bha-avadi, dubboha kkhu lo-ottar citta a jhatti viasadi. Paurams: (puro 'valokya) vatse, paya kadamba-viky madhumagalena srdha samagala vardhate madhu-mardhana. tatathen; praviatienters; lalitayby Lalit; anugamyamh followed; pauramsPaurams; vatseO child; nnamnow; mattabecause of me; trapamnaembarrassed; nanot; abhinandatiapproves; nandaof Nanda Mahrja; kumrathe son (Ka); teyour; sakhof the friend (Rdh); sagamammeeting; bhaavadiO noble gop; dubbohamdifficult to understand; kkhu indeed; lo-ottarmof those who are very exalted; cittamthe mind; anot; jattiimmediately; vi-asadiis manifested; pura ahead; avalokyalooking; vatseO child; payalook; kadambaof kadamba trees; vikymin this garden; madhumagalenawith Madhumagala; srdhamincreases; madhuof the Madhu demon; mardhanathe crusher (r Ka). (Followed by Lalit, Paurams enters). Paurams: Child, it is because of me that embarrassed Ka does not welcome your friend's company. Lalit: Noble lady, the inscrutable hearts of great souls are not at once revealed. Paurams: (looking ahead) Child, look. There in that kadamba grove Ka is very happy with Madhumagala. Text 1 (b) (punar nirpya). parguha-trayam asita-ratnair ubhayato vahant sakrau maibhir arunais tat parisarau tayor madhye hirojjvala-vimala-jmbnada-may kare kalyya viharati hare keli-mural punaagain; nirpyaglancing; parmmeasured; anguha-trayama length of three fingers; asita-ratnaiwith

valuable indra-nila jewels; ubhaytafrom both ends; vahant having; sakrnaubedecked; manibhiby gems; aruaihrubies; tat-parisarauthe two ends of the flute; tayo madhyebetweeen them; hrawith diamonds; ujjvalablazing; vimalapure; jmbnada-maycovered with gold plate; karein the hand; kalyni very auspicious; iyamthis; viharatiglitters; hareof Ka; kelimuralthe pastime flute. (Looking at Ka again) The flute of Ka's pastimes measures three fingers in length, and it is bedecked with indra-nla gems. At the ends of the flute are arua gems (rubies), glitering beautifully, and in between the flute is plated with gold, set ablaze by diamonds. This auspicious flute, pleasing to Ka, is glittering in His hand with transcendental brilliance.* Text 2 (tata praviati yath-nirdia ka). ka: (snutpam) trapay nitar par-mukh sahas smera-sakh-dhtcal gamitdya haena rdhik na katha hanta may bhujntaram tatathen; praviatienters; yath-nirdiaas indicated; kaKa; sawith; anutpamregret; trapaywith embarrassment; nitarmcompletely; parkturned away; mukh face; sahassuddenly; smerasmiling; sakhby the friend; dhta held; acalcorner of the garment; gamitattained; adyatoday; haenaby force; rdhikRdh; nanot; kathamhow is it?; hanta O; mayby me; bhujathe arms; antarambetween. (As described, Ka enters.) Ka: (regretful) The edge of Her garment held by a smiling friend, embarrassed Rdh is now averse to Me. Alas, will Rdh never be tightly held in My arms? Text 3 (a)

(nivasya) sakhe madhumagala, khajara-d s vilsamajari corayati me citta-cacarkam. nivasyasighs; sakheO friend; madhumagalaO Madhumaala; khajaralike the khajara bird; deyes; s she; vilsaof pastimes; majarblossom; corayatisteals away; me my; cittaof the heart (or mind); cacarkambumble-bee. (sighs) Friend Madhumagala, the blossoming flower of khajanaeyed Rdh's pastimes has kidnapped the bumblebee of My heart. Text 3 (b) (ity autsukya nayan). chinna priyo mai-sara sakhi mauktikni vttny aha vicinuym iti kaitavena mugdh vivtya mayi hanta dg-anta-bhag rdh guror api pura praayd vyatnt itithus; autsukyamlonging; nayanrepresents dramatically; chinnabroken; priyadear; mai-saranecklace of jewels; sakhi O friend; mauktiknipearls; vttniround; ahamI; vicinuymI should search for; itithus; kaitavenaby the trick; mugdhm charming; vivtyahaving revealed; mayito Me; hantaO; dkof the eyes; antaof the corners; bhagmmovement; rdhRdh; guroof her superiors; apieven; purain the presence; praayt because of love; vyatntmanifested. (With longing) Rdh once said the following words: "O friend, my favorite pearl necklace has broken, and now I must search for the scattered pearls". Using this trick, she affectionately glanced at Me from the corner of her charmingly bewildered beautiful eyes, even in the presence of her elders. Text 4 Paurams: (drata eva ka nirvarya. sankam).

akor dvandva prasarati darodghra-tra murre vs klpt kila vicakilair mlik mlpayanti keya dhany vasati rama gokule kipram et ntas tvrm ayam api yay km api dhyna-nihm duratafrom a distance; evaindeed; kamKa; nirvarya describes and looks; sawith; kamapprehension; akoof the eyes; dvandvampair; prasaratimove; daraslight; udghra moving about; tramradiant; murreof Ka, (the enemy of the Mura demon); vssights; klptmfashioned; kilaindeed; vicakilaiwith vicakila flowers; mlikmgarland; mlpayanti causes to wither; kwho?; iyamthis; dhanyfortunate; vasati resides; ramabeautiful girl; gokulein Gokula; kipramquickly; etmto her; ntabrought; tvramintense; ayamthis; api even; yayby whom; km apito someone; dhynato meditation; nihmdevoted. Paurams: (Sees Ka from a distance, and says apprehensively) Ka's agitated eyes move to an fro, and His sighs wilt His jasmine garland. Who is the fortunate beautiful girl that makes Him always think of Her? Text 5 (a) athav ktm sandehena. vats rdhikaiva khalv atra kraam Ka: (Paurams payann upastya.) bhagavati, praammi. Paurams: ngara, gop-stana-tav alampa-bhava. athavperhaps; ktamperformed; sandehenawith doubt; vatsO children; rdhikRdh; khalucertainly; atrahere; kraamis the cause; pauramsPaurams; payanseeing; upastyaapproaching; bhagavatiO respected woman; praammi I offer obeisances; ngaraO handsome boy; gopof the gops; stanaof the breasts; tauon the surface; alampa-bhava please become pure at heart. How can there be any doubt? Children, Rdh is the cause of this. Ka: (seeing Paurams, He approaches.) Noble lady, I offer respects to you. Paurams: Lover, I bless You that You will not lust after the gops' breasts.

Note: If Paurams's ambiguous statment alampa-bhava" is divided "ala pa-bhava", it means "I bless You that You will become like a bodice tightly embracing the gops' breasts". Text 5 (b) Ka: (kicid vihasya) kta pia-peibhir rbhir yad aham eva gopti prasiddh ym vallm api na phi-pallavena spmi. Madhumagala: (vihasya) bho, ki amha sma-e, guar jjevva maggijja-i. kicitsomewhat; vihasyalaughing; ktamenought; piapeibhifruitless; rbhiwith benedictions; yatwhat; aham I; evaindeed; gopgop; itithus; prasiddhmcelebrated; ymmdark coloured; vallmcreeper; apieven; nanot; pi of the hand; pallavenawith the blossom; spmiI touch; vihasya laughing; bhoO; kimwhat is the use?; amhamfor us; sma-e with this dark colored creeper; gaurgolden; jjevvaindeed; maggijja-iis sought. Ka: (slightly laughing) Please don't give Me these useless benedictions. With the budding twig of My hand I have not even so much as touched the dark vine that is this famous gop. Madhumagala: (laughing) Master, we are looking for a golden vine. What is a dark vine to Us? Text 5 (c) Paurams: (sa-narma-smitam) gopevarasya tanayo 'si nayopapanna khytas tath vraja-kule bhujayor balena ll-atais tad api ki kulayoitas tvam unmdam udvahasi mdhava rdhiky sawith; narmajoking; smitamsmile; gopaof the cowherd men; varasyaof the king; tanayathe son; asiYou are; naya good behaviour; upapannaattained; khytain the community; bhujayoof the two arms; balenaby the strength; llof pastimes;

ataiby hundreds; tad apinevertheless; kimwhy?; kulapious; yoitaof the girl; tvamYou; unmdamgreatly agitated condition; udvahasiYou bring; mdhavaO Mdhava; rdhikyof Rdh. Paurams: (with a playful, joking smile) Ka, You are the saintly son of the gopas' king, and Your hundreds of pastimes and the power of Your arms are all well known in Vraja. Why do You trouble this saintly girl Rdh? Text 6 Madhumagala: a-i vivarda-vdii buhi-e, ciha ciha. tujjha rhi--e jjebba eso amha pi-a-vaasso ummdi-o ja seharasiga-vett-i di kahi vibha-i ti a jdi a-iO; vivardaharsh; vdiispeaking words; buhi-eO old woman; ciha cihawait, wait; tujjhayour; rhi--eby Rdh; jjebbaindeed; esaHe; amhaour; pi-adear; vaassafriend; ummdi-ais agitated; jambecause of which; seharacrown; siga buffalo horn bugle; vett-iand stick; dimat present; kahim where?; vibha-imfallen; tithus; anot; jdiHe knows. Madhumagala: Contrary old lady, stop! Stop! It is my dear friend is troubled by your Rdh, so troubled that He does not know where He lost His crown, buffalo horn, stick, and other things. Text 7 (a) Ka: (salajjam) rye, vco 'ya baur m jalpati. kintu nicita te vyharmi. na tsu mac-citta-rgas tvad-gopu. tad atra tattvata pccyata ayam. sawith; lajjamembarrassment; ryeO pious woman; vca talkative; ayamthis; bauboy; mfalsely; jalpatispeaks; kintubut; nicitamconclusion; teyour; vyharmiI describe; na not; tsutowards them; matMy; cittamind; rgalove; tvat your; gopugops; tatthat; atrahere; tattvatain truth; pccyatmshould be asked; ayamthis.

Ka: (embarrassed) Noble lady, this talkative boy is lying. I will tell you the truth. My heart does not love your gops. Ask Madhumagala. Text 7 (b) Madhumagala: ajje sacca saccam. amha-p-ia-vaassa-hi-a-assa ajjavi r-o tumha-go-i-a agesu a ma-e dihotthi. patthuda ta agar-o jjebba imassa hi-aye dsa-i. ajjeO pious Paurams; saccam saccamthis is true, this is true; amhaour; pi-adear; vaassaof the friend; hi-a-assaof the heart; ajjavieven now; r-alove; tumhayour; go-i--amof the gops; agesufor the forms; nanot; ma-eon the contrary; tam of them; agar-acosmetics; jjebbacertainly; jjebbacertainly; imassaHis; hi-ayein the heart; dsa-iis seen. Madhumagala: Noble lady, it's true! It's true! I never saw Your gops' limbs anointed with kukuma from over My dear friend's heart. On the contrary, it is the gops' kukuma that is placed over His heart. Note: Here Ka says, "The love (rga) of My heart (citta) does not rest in the gops". Interpreting the word rga" to mean "kukuma", Madhumagala affirms that the kukuma (rga) from over Ka's heart never rests on the gops' bodies. Text 7 (c) Ka: (sa-praaya-roam) dhi mrkha, virabhd dto 'pi jimhat na jahsi. sawith; praayaaffection; roamanger; dhikfie; mrkha because of intimacy; dtaworshiped; apialthough; jimhatm dishonestly; nanot; jahsiyou abandon. Ka: (affectionately angry) Fool, you are pathetic! Though you are My close friend, you will not stop lying.

Text 7 (d) Paurams: satyam ha bau. tath hi. kma sad-gua-maalrayatay tanavan mahih ruci vaicitr-bhara-bhk sad ubha-da-re-riym spadam va-hukti-llay ithilatm e d nyate vsa kasa-nidandya bhavat deheu gehev api satyamthe truth; haspoke; bauthe boy; tath hifor thus it has been said; kmamvoluntarily; sattranscendental; gua qualities; maalaof the multitude; arayatayby the state of being the reservoir; tanvanextending; mahihmof the abundance; bhkpossessing; sadalways; ubhaof the beauty; spadam abode; vaof the flute; huktiof the sound; llyby the pastime; ithilatmthe state of being loose; edeer; dm eyes; nyateled to; vsagarment; kasaof Kasa; nisdanaO killer; adyanow; bhavatby You; deheuon the bodies; geheu in the homes; apieven. Paurams: The boy tells the truth. You are full of splendor and greatness. You are the resting place of the circle of spiritual virtues. You are full of all wonders. You are the home of all auspiciousness and all splendid handsomeness. O Ka, when You play the flute, Your music loosens the garments of the doe-eyed gops, even while they stay in their homes. Text 8 (a) Madhumagala: ajje ki vi jsi ja vas-hukidi-ll-etti bhasi. diham tahi di-ahe kaa-na trahhi-d-i mabar-i appao hatthea ukkhivi-a imi kkhandhe ikkhitt-i. ajjeO pious woman; kim vimuch more; jsiyou know; jam which; vasof the flute; hukidiof the sound; llpastimes; etti thus; bhaasiyou describe; dihamseen; tahimin this; di-ahe day; kaa-amof the young girls; traon the shore; hhi-d-im situated; ambar-imgarments; appaaof the self; hatthea with the hand; ukkhivi-ahaving thrown; imiby this; kkhandeon the shoulders; ikkhitt-implaced.

Madhumagala: Noble lady, you have only told af His flute-playing pastimes. He did many other things you don't know. This very day I saw Him take from the Yamun's shore and with His own hand throw over His shoulder the garments of many girls. Text 8 (b) Ka: (sa-bhr-bhagam baum vrya). rye, nukrd api tath-bhvd bhavad-gopnm abhivyakta sdhv-bhva-prabhva. sawith; bhrof the eyebrows; bhagamknitting; baumthe boy (Madhumagala); vryawarding off; ryeO pious woman; hukrtfrom the sound; apieven; tath-bhvtof this nature; bhavatyour; gopnmof the gops; abhivyaktamanifest; sdhv pious; bhvanature; prabhvaglory. Ka: (Knitting His eyebrows, He checks Madhumagala.) Noble lady, even though the sound of My flute is charming like that, your gops remain gloriously chaste. Text 8 (c) Lalit: (sansktena) kenpi dhrta-patin khalu ikito 'si mantra va-karaa-kraam auadha v puyojjvalny akhila-gopa-vilsinn yena tvay gha-sukhni viluhitni sansktenain Sanskrit; kena apiby ; dhrtaof rascals; patin the king; khaluindeed; sikitainstructed; asiyou are; mantram mantra; va-karaaof bewitching; kraamthe cause; auadham herb; vor; puyapure; ujjvalniglorious; akhilaof all; gopa of the cowherd men; vilsinnmof the beautiful wives; yenaby which; tvayby You; ghaof the household; sukhnihappiness; viluhitniis destroyed. Lalit: (in Sanskrit) Some king of rogues must have given You a mantra or a potion that brings others under Your control. That is how

You broke into pieces the sacred, splendid household happiness of the gopas' playful wives. Text 9 (a) Madhumagala: sacca kahedi lalid. aadh mantdim antarea pavvaduttug mah-da- avindvard ovi somma-s-ala-pa-idia kadha imi saharijjanti. saccamthe truth; kahedispeaks; lalidLalit; aadha otherwise; mantdimof mantras etc.; mantareain relation; pavvaduttuglofty mountains; mahgreat; da-demons; navindvartthan a fresh lotus flower; ovieven; sommagantle; s-alaand cooling; pa-idiwith the nature; kadhamhow is it?; imiby this; saharijjantibecome ashamed. Madhumagala: Lalit speaks the truth. Without the ability to chant powerful mantras, how could Ka, by nature more mild and cooling than a fresh lotus flower, embarrass so many demons tall like great mountains? Text 9 (b) Lalit: ajja, jassa sumarana vi tath santvana ta eda appano vaassam m kkhu s-alam bhana. ajjaO pious boy; jassaof whom; suamranamthe rememberance; vieven; tathin the same way; santvanam distressing; tamHim; edamthis; ppanaof the self; vaassam the friend; mdon't; kkhuindeed; s-alamcooling; bhana describe. Lalit: O gentle one, remembering Him makes us burn like fire. Please don't tell us how cooling your friend is. Text 9 (c)

Madhumagala: bho vaassa, pa-idi-si-alo vi tumm go-i-ahi unhotti bhanijjasi. ta ppasi-a jnissam. (iti krsna-vakasi hasta nyasya sasabhramam.) aho, sacca jjevva kahedi lalid. (ksaa vimya). lalide, vida vidam. tu-a r-a cce-a a u j-e hi-a-vahi-e canda-kodi-s-alo vi esa unn-kido. bhaO; vaassafriend; pa-idiof the nature; si-alacoolness; vi although; tumamYou; go-i-ahimby the gopis; unhahot; tti thus; bhanijjasiare described; tatherefore; ppasi-ahaving touched; jnissamI will understand; itithus; kaof Ka; vakasion the chest; hastamhand; nyasyahaving placed; sa with; sabhramamrespect; ahaO; saccamthe truth; jjevva certainly; kahedispeaks; lalidLalit; kanamfor a moment; vimrsyareflects; lalideO Lalit; vinnda vinndamit is understood, it is understood; tu-aYour; r-aRdh; cce-aindeed; nnamat present; unnhot; j-eby whom; hi-a-aof the heart; vahin-estaying; candamoons; vialthough; eaHe; unnkidamade cool. Madhumangala: Friend, although You are cooling, the gops say You are very hot. By touching You, I will see is this is true. (Madhumagala respectfully places his hand on Ka's chest). Aha! Lalit speaks the truth. (Madhumagala reflects for a moment). Lalit, I understand. I understand. Your Rdh is hot. Entering His heart, She has has made Ka, who is more cooling as millions of moons, hot also. Text 9 (d) Lalit: ajja, ettha r-a-paa-patthara-hi-a-e t-e duranta-pemmasaukumajjahad-e maha-sahi-e kudo paveso sambhvi-adi. ajjaO pious boy; etthahere; r-a-paadiamond; patthara jewel; hi-a-ein the heart; t-eof Her; durantaunlimited; pemma pure love; saukumajjadelicateness; had-einjured; maha-sahi-eof my friend; kudawhy?; pavesaentrance; sabhviis effected. Lalit: Saintly brhmaa, how could my friend, Her delicate nature overwhelmed with limitless lov, enter Your friend's heart, which is hard like diamond?

Text 9 (e) Madhumagala: (saroam) cavale, amha-vaasso tado vi tumhasahido nibbhara sineha-komalo ja eso vacida-nindo jo-indo vi-a ekkagga-citto a jjevva savvad cinte-i. sawith; roamanger; cavaleO fickle girl; amhamy; vaassa friend; tadatherefore; vialthough; tumhayour; sahidafrom the gop-friend; nibbharamgreat; sinehalove; komaladelicate and beautiful; jambecause; esaHe; vacidacheated; ninda sleep; jo-indaa king of yogs; vi-alike; ekkaggawith singlepointed concentration; cittamind; amof her; jjevvaindeed; savvadaconstantly; cinte-ithinks. Madhumagala: (angry) Fickle girl, my friend is overcome with love for your friend. Cheating sleep, like the king of yogs He always meditates on Her. Text 9 (f) Ka: (spatrapam) dhig blia, ktam alkena narma-pujena. Lalit: (svagatam) dihi- vahadi pi-a-sah. Paurams: sundara, virmyatu narma-mudr. karnaya madvivakitam. sawith; apatrapamturning away the face with embarrassment; dhikfie; bliaO fool; ktamenough; alkenawith this lie; narma of joking; pujenawith an abundance; svagatamaside; dihi- by good fortune; vahadicongratulated; pi-adear; sahfriend; sundaraO beautiful boy; viramyatushould rest; narmaof joking; mudrmark; karnayaplease hear; matmy; vivakitamwhat is desired to be said. Ka: (Turning His face away with embarrassment) Fool, stop these lying jokes. Lalit: (aside) My dear friend is fortunate. Paurams: Handsome boy, stop these jokes. Hear what I say. Text 9 (g)

hitv dre pathi dhava-taror antika dharma-setor bhagodagr guru-ikhariam rahas laghayant lebhe-krava nava-ras rdhik-vhin tv vg-vcibhi kim iva vimukh-bhvam asys tanoi hitvgiving up; drefar away; pathion the road; dhava-taro of the tree of the husband; antikamthe vicinity; dharma-setoteh bridge of religion; the superior relatives; rahaswith great force; laghayantcrossing over; lebhehas obtained; ka-aravaO ocean of Ka; nava-raabeing influenced by new ecstatic love; rdhikrmat Rdhr; vhinlike a river; tvmYou; vkvcibhionly by the waves of words; kimhow; ivalike this; vimukh-bhvamindifference; asytoward Her; tanoiYou are spreading. O Lord Ka, You are just like an ocean. The river of rmat Rdhr has reached You from a long distance, leaving far behind the tree of Her husband, breaking through the bridge of social convention, and forcibly crossing the hills of elder relatives. Coming here because of fresh feelings of love for You, that river has now received Your shelter, but now You are trying to turn Her back by the waves of unfavorable words. How is it that You are spreading this attitude?* Text 10 (a) Madhumagala: a-i uddha-buddhi-e ajjavi eda cce-a pucchasi. pekkha ku-ataa hada-kokilaa vittasaattha ma-e eda pupphakodaam immidam. a-iO; uddhapure; buddhi-ewith intelligence; ajjavieven now; edamthis; cce-aindeed; pucchasiyou ask; pekkhajust see; ku-ataamcooing; hadauseless; kokilaamof cuckoos; vittasaatthamfor the purpose of frightening; ma-eby me; edam this; pupphaof flowers; kodaambow; immidamconstructed. Madhumagala: O Paurams, your intelligence is pure. Why do you ask such a question? Look! I have made a bow of flowers to frighten away those horrible cuckoo birds. Text 10 (b)

Paurams: candrnana, spi vats. ln pratihra-rodhana-vidhau vkya prayathval bl pratihra-mdhav-parimala-sphrtir bhayd vepate kiclokya sudhu-knta-salila-spandh alinde kad ekodaya-akin vikalatm tanvat mrcchati candramoon; ananaface; sa-apithis girl; vatschild; lnm of friends; pratihraof the gate-keepers; rodhanaof obstruction; vidhauin the activity; vkyahaving seen; prayatnaof endeavor; avalmthe abundance; blgirl; tarkitaconjectured; mdhavof a madhavi creeper; parimalaaromatic fragrance; sphrti manifestation; bhaythaving seen; sudhuof the candrakanta jewel; salilaof the water; spandnquivering; alindeon the terrace; katimmediately; ekaof the moon; udayathe rising; akin supposing; vikalatmagitation; tanvatspreading; mrcchati faints. Paurams: O boy with a face like the moon, seeing Her friends carefully guarding the door, and smelling the fragrance of the mdhav flowers, this girl trembles in fear. On Her porch seeing a candraknta jewel begin to melt, this doe-eyed girl falls unconscious. Note: The candraknta jewel melts when exposed to moonlight. Seeing the moon and smelling the mdhav flowers, Rdh is reminded of Ka. Frustrated because She cannot go to Him, She falls unconscious. Text 11 Ka: (svagatam) hanta, kahoro 'ya da-vivarta. Paurams: sundara. praayiu militeu prema-bhjm upek ghaayati kau-pkny uccakair dani dina-mair anurg projjhya sandhy rakt tamasi nikhilam ugre majjayaty ea lokam svagatamaside; hantaO; kahoraharsh; ayamthis; da of condition; vivartachange; sundaraO beautiful boy; pranayiu

affectionate; militeuencountered; premaof love; bhjmfull; upekneglect; ghaayatiproduces; kaubitter; pkni consequences; uccakaigreatly; dannisins; dinaof the day; maijewel (the sun); anurgiaffectionate; projjhyahaving abandoned; sandhymtwilight; hiindeed; raktmred; tamasiin the darkness; nikhilamcomplete; ugreterrible; majjayaticaused to become immersed; eathis; lokamworld; kaKa; sa with; lajjamembarrassment; namr-bhavatibows His head. Ka: (aside) Ah, it must be very painful for Her. Paurams: Handsome boy, neglect of another's love brings very bitter results. Look! Setting on the horizon, the red son now plunges everything into darkness. (Ashamed, Ka bows His head). Text 12 (a) Paurams: (punar nibhlya. snanda svagatam). diyya smitligitam ag-kurvan dakia nyamlyad kaam. (prakam) gokulnanda. purastd iya mkanda-ved svayam alakartavy nimlati heli-bimbe sakhyor ekatar tva abha-dea prpayati. punaagain; nibhlyahaving seen; sawith; anandambliss; svagatamaside; diyaby good fortune; ayamthis; smitasmile; aligitamembrace; ang-kurvanaccepting; dakiamright; nyamlayatcloses; ikanameye; prakamopenly; gokulaof Gokula; anandaO bliss; purasttin the presence; iyamthis; mkandaof a mango tree; vedia place in the courtyard; svayam personally; alankartavyashould be decorated; nimlaticloses; helibimbeon the sun; sakhyoof the two friends; ekatarjone; tvm You; abhadesired; deamplace; prpayaticause to attain. Paurams: (again glancing at Ka, she becomes very happy, and say to herself) Fortunately Ka's eyes are smiling and His right eye is winking. (openly) O bliss of Gokula, now that the sun has set, please decorate this mango grove. One of my friends will bring You to the right place. Text 12 (b)

Ka: (spatranam) yathha bhagavat. (iti sa-vayasyo nikranta). Paurams: putri lalite, kma nirvtsmi. tad ehi. rdhm anusarvah. (ity ubhe parikrmata). sawith; apatrapamembarrassment; yathaas; ahaspeaks; bhagavatithe noble Paurams; itithus; saeith?; vayasyathe friend (Madhumagala); nikrantaexits; putriO daughter; laliteO Lalit; kmamaccording to desire; nirvtahappy; asmiI am; tat therefore; ehiplease go; rdhmto Rdh; anusarvaplease go; itithus; ubhethe two; parikrmatabegin to walk. Ka: (embarrassed) As the noble lady says. (Accompnaied by His friend, He exists.) Paurams: Daughter Lalit, now I am happy. Come, let us go to Rdh. (They both exit.) Text 12 (c) (tata praviati vikhay saha sakathayant rdh). rdhik; (sansktena) sakhi jalpita-nrikela-nra smita-karpra-vta harer nipya tanu-saga-sudh vin na tasya glapitna garalena jvitsmi tatathen; praviatienters; vikhaywith Vikh; saha accompanied; sakathayantconversing; rdhRdh; sakhiO friend; jalpitaspoken; nrikelaof a coconut; nramjuice; smita smile; karprawith camphor; vtamenclosed; hareof Lord Hari; nipyahaving drunk; tanuof the body; sagaof the contact; sudhmnectar; vinwithout; nanot; tasyaof Him; glapita weary and dejected; ahamI; garalenawith poison; jvitaalive; asmiI am. (Conversing with Vikh, Rdh enters.) Rdhik: Friend, although I have drunk the coconut nectar of Ka's conversation, nectar mixed with the camphor of His smile,

because I have not also drunk the nectar of the touch of His body, I am now broken and withered, as if I had drunk poison. Text 13 (a) Vikh: a-i avida-i-a-mhdmye, tdiso tuha r-assa garim jena so kkhu smasundaro vi vdha rattkido tadh vi appao mlia sakasi. a-iO; avidaunknown; i-aown; mhdmyeglorification; tdisalike this; tuhayour; r-assaof the love; garimintensity; jenaby which; saHe; kkhucertainly; smasundaraLord Syamasundara (Ka); vieven; vdhamassuredly; rattkida affectionate; tadh vinevertheless; appaaof the self; mliam impurity; sakasiyou fear. Vikh: O girl who do not know Your own glory, even though Your love for Him has made Ka fall passionately in love with You, You still worry that You are wretched and fallen. Text 13 (b) rdhik: (puna sansktena). nlkin nii ghanotkalikm aaka kiptv vtr atanu-vanya-gaja kunatti atrnurgii cird udite 'pi bhnau h hanta ki sakhi sukha bhavit varky punahagain; sansktenain Sanskrit; nlkinma multitude of lotus flowers; niiat night; ghanaintense; utkalikmlonging; aankamfearless; kiptvhaving throung; vtifences; atanu cupid; vanyajungle; gajaelepphant; kunattitramples; atra here; anurgiiglowing and reddened; cirtfor a long time; udite arisen; apialthough; bhnauthe sun; hO; hantaO; kim whether?; sakhiO friend; sukhamhappiness; bhavitwill be; varkyunhappy. Rdhik: (again in Sanskrit) Tonight the wild elephant of passionate desire uproots and tramples the lotus flowers of My hopes. Alas! Alas!

O friend, will this wretched girl become happy when the red sun finally rises? Text 14 (a) Paurams: (puro rdhm drv). putri lalite, sakhys tava premokti-mudrm udghayitum utkahitsmi. tad-bhavaty tnm eva bhavitavyam. Lalit: ja nvedi tattthahodu. purain front; rdhmRdh; dvahaving seen; putriO daughter; laliteO Lalit; sakhyaof the friend; tavayour; prema of love; uktiof the words; mudramthe mark; udghayitumto reveal; utkahitalonging; asmiI am; tattherefore; bhavatyby you; tnmsilently; evaindeed; bhavitavyamshould be; jam what; anavediyou instruct; tatthahodulet that be. Paurams: (seeing Rdh before her) Daughter Lalit, I am eager to make your friend describe Her love. Please be silent. Lalit: As you order, so it will be. Text 14 (b) Paurams: (rdhm upetya. sakaitava-vidam). bhavad-aga-snga-viaye priyoktibhir muhur arthito 'pi madirki mdhava manute mang api na hti hd-vyath pratikra-yuktir apar vidhyatm rdhmRdh; upetyaapproaching; sawith; kaitava pretended; viadamunhappiness; bhavatyour; agaof the body; sagacontact; viayein the aerea; priyaaffectionate; uktibhi with words; muhuconstantly; arthitaappealled; apialthough; madiralike khajana birds; akieyes; mdhavaLord Mdhava (Ka); manuteconsiders; manka little; apieven; nanot; h indeed; itithus; htof the heart; vyathagitation; pratikra remedy; yuktidevice; aparunequalled; vidhiyatmmay be administered.

Paurams: (Approaching Rdh, she says with feigned unhappiness) O girl with the beautiful eyes, with sweet words Ka again and again begs for the touch of Your body. He knows that no other medicine will cure the fever that burns in His heart. Text 15 rdhik: (savymoham) ala ettha lajjidea. (ity ajali baddhv). abbhalihamhi ahane aaha ragaa-lada lihantamhi k padi-re jutti mukki-a smalaghaullasam sawith; vyamohamembarrassment; alamenough; etthahere; lajjidenawith this bashfulness; itithus; anjalimhaving folded her hands; abbhalihamhitouching the clouds; dahanescorching; nadahamcharming; ranganadelightful; ladamcreeper; lihantamhi licks; kawhat?; padi-arein the remedy; juttimmethod; mukki-a having abandoned; samaladark; dhanof clouds; ullasam appearance. Rdhik: (embarrassed) Why should I be shy? (She folds Her hands) If it is licked by a blazing forest fire also licking the clouds, what can save a a delicate ragaa vine but the sudden appearance of a dark rain-cloud? Text 15 (b) Paurams: jaratys tva naptr sa tu kamalay llita-pada kathakra tasmai muhur asulabhya sprayasi prasda vyhre mama racaya ceto divi-cara ghtu pibhy vidhum ahaha m bht kutukin jaratyaof the old woman; tvamyou; naptrgranddaughter; saHe; tuand; kamalayby the goddess of fortune, Lakmi-dev; llitacaressed; padafeet; katha-kramhow?; tasmaito Him; muhuconstantly; asulabhyawho is not easy to attain; sphayasi you desire; prasdaplease be merciful; vyhrein the conversation; mamamy; racayaplease construct; cetaO mind; divi-carammoving in the sky; ghtumto grasp; pibhymwith

the two hands; vidhumthe moon; ahahaO; mthere should not; bhtbe; kutukincurious. Paurams: Why do You, who are only Jarat's granddaughter, yearn to attain a person who is very difficult to attain, a person whose feet the goddess of fortune personally massages? Be peaceful. Listen to my words. Don't become like a curious child who wants to grasp with her hands the moon that moves in the sky? Text 16 rdhik: (sa-gadgada. sansktena). may te nirbandhn mura-jayini rga parihto mayi snigdhe kintu prathya params tatim imm mukhmododgra-grahila-matir adyaiva hi yata pradorambhe sy vimala-vana-ml-madhukar sawith; gadgadamchoked up voice; mayaby me; teyour; nirbandhtbecause of perseverance; muraof the mura demon; jayinitowards the conqueror (Ka); rgalove; parihta abandoned; mayitowards me; snigdheaffectionate; kintu nevertheless; prathayaplease expand; paramasupreme; asbenedictions; tatimmultitude; immthis; mukhof the mouth; amodagladdening; udgraemanating; grahilainterested; mati mind; adyanow; evaindeed; hicertainly; yatarestrained; pradoof evening; arambhein the beginning; symlet me become; vimalapure; vanaof the forest; mlin the garland of flowers; madhukarbumble-bee. Rdhik: (Her voice choked with emotion, She says in Sanskrit) Affectionate friend, on your repeated request, I will give up my love for Ka. But please give Me a blessing. Bless Me that I will become a bumblebee attracted at sunset by the fragrance of a forest-flower garland. Note: In this verse Rdh hints that she is about to commit suicide, for Her love for Ka is frustrated. Text 17 (a)

Vikh: bhaavadi, paritthi paritthi. i-am uttnida-ett kapi drua das-visesam lahedi rh. bhaavadiO noble woman; paritthi paritthiplease protect, please protect; i-amthis; uttnidawide open; neteyes; kapi something; druamterrible; dascondition; vieamspecific; lahediattains; rhRdh. Vikh: Noble lady, please rescue Rdh. Please rescue Her. Her eyes are wide open, and Her condition is very frightening. Text 17 (b) Paurams: (savegam) h dhik. keya bald k mah-vipatkla-sarp. (iti sadaya rdhm ligya). vatse samvasihi samvasihi. bhvvyaktaye protthpitsi. tad ida yathrtham karyatm. sawith; vegamagitation; h-dhikalas; kwho?; iyamthis; baltforcibly; kattracted; mahgreat; vipatcalamities; klaof time; sarpsnake; itithus; sawith; dayammercy; rdhmRdh; ligyaembracing; vatseO child; samvasihi samsvasihibe comforted, be comforted; bhvaof love; abhivyaktayefor the manifestation; protthpitagitated; asiyou are; tattherefore; idamthis; yath-arthamappropriate; karyatmshould be heard. Paurams: (agitated) Alas! Alas! The black snake of calamity is forcibly dragging this girl away. (She mercifully embraces Rdh). Child, be peaceful. Be peaceful. You are overcome with love. Please listen. Text 17 (c) amita-vibhav yaysa prek lavya bhavdayo bhuvana-guravo 'py utkahbhis tapsi vitanvate ahaha gahan-dn te phala kim abhiuve sutanu sa tanur jaje kas tavekaa-tay

amitaimmeasurable; vibhavopulence; yasyaof whom; prekof the sight; lavyafor a small particle; bhava-daya headed by Lord iva; bhuvanaof the universe; gurabamasters; api even; utkahbhiwith longings; tapsiausterities; vitanvate perform; ahahaO; gahanain the darkness; adnmunseen; te your; phalamresult; kimhow?; abhiuveI offer prayers; sutanu O slender girl; saHe; tanuthin; jajeborn; kaKa; tavayour; kaaof the glance; taywith the thirst. Yearning for a moment's glimpse of You, iva and the other limitlessly powerful masters of the worlds perform severe austerities. Ah! How can I properly praise the results of Your past pious deeds? O beautiful slender girl, thirsting to see You, Lord Ka has become withered and pale. Text 18 Lalit: (sansktena) tvad-vrtottara-gta-gumphita-mukho veu samantd abht tvad-veocita-ilpa-kalpana-may sarv babhva kriy tvan-nmni babhvur asya surabh-vndni vndav rdhe tvan-maya-valli-maala-ghan jtdya kasa-dvia sansktenain Sanskrit; tvatyour; vrtdescription of the pastimes; uttaraexcellent; gtasongs; gumphitastrung; mukha voice; veuflute; samanttcompletely; abhtbecame; tvat your; veaappearance; ucitaappropriate; ilpawith artistic decoration; kalpanafashioning; mayconsisting of; sarvaall; babhvabecame; kriyactivity; tvatyour; nmninames; babhvabecame; asyaof Him; surabhof sweet fragrance; vndnimultitudes; vnd-tvthe forest of Vndvana; rdheO Rdh; tvatyour; mayaconsisting of; valliof creepers; maala multitude; ghanathick; jtborn; adyatoday; kasa-dviaof r Ka, the enemyof Kasa. Lalit: (in Sanskrit) His flute is now garlanded with songs of Your pastimes. All His activities are making ornaments for You. For Him Your names are very sweet and fragrant. O Rdh, Ka sees You in every flowering vine in Vndvana forest.

Text 19 (a) Rdhik: (samvasya. svagatam) cacala he citta, ajjavi a patti-esi. samvasyahaving become calm; svagatamaside; cacala fickle; heO; cittamind; ajjavieven now; anot; patti--esiyou have faith. Rdhik: (becoming calm, She says to herself) Fickle mind, even now you do not believe this. Text 19 (b) Paurams: putri lalite, bha pragalbhsi. tad vikh yvan mkanda-mlh mukundena saha pratyvartate tvad atra may tu sva-ktyya gantavyam. (iti tisro 'pi nikrnt) putriO daughter; laliteO Lalit; bhamindeed; pragalbh intelligent; asiyou are; tattherefore; vikhVikh; yvatto which extent; mkandaof the mango tree; mltfrom the base; mukundenaby Mukunda; sahaaccompanied; pratyvartate returns; tvatto that extent; atrahere; saketiteagreed upon; karikraof karikra flowers; kujein the grove; gopayaplease conceal; tvamyou; goplikbhyafrom the gops; rdhikm Rdh; mayby me; tuindeed; sva-ktyyafor my own duties; gantavyamshould be done; itithus; tisrathe three; apiand; nikrntaexit. Paurams: Daughter Lalit, you are very intelligent, when Vikh brings Ka under the mango tree, please hide Rdh in the karikra grove apart from the other gops. Noe I should go to do my duties. (Paurams, Rdhik, and Lalit exit.) Text 19 (c)

Vikh: (dra parikramya). so mkando eso puro dsa-i jattha kaho. dramfar away; parikramyahaving walked; saHe (Ka); mkandamango tree; esathis; purain the presence; dsa-iis seen; jatthawhere; kahaKa. Vikh: (walking a great distance). I see Ka under that mango tree. Text 19 (d) (tata praviati ka). Ka: (sotkaha pratcm avalokya). sadyas tapta-hiraya-pia-madhura caa-tvio maala saga hanta taragi-ratiguror ag-cakrmbhasi drg etny api ghka-netra-paal-siddhjana-kodat bibhranti dvipa-vibhrami rurudhur dhvntni vndvanam tatathen; praviatienters; kaKa; sawith; utkahameagerness; pratcmbehind; avalokyaglancing; sadyaat once; taptamolten; hirayaof gold; piasphere; madhuramsweet; caafierce; tviaeffulgence; maalam circle; sagamcontact; hantaO; taragiof the waves; rati-guro of the husband (the ocean); ag-cakraaccepted; mabhasiin the water; drkquickly; etnithese; apieven; ghkaof owls; netra of the eyes; paalof the multitude; siddhperfect; ajana ointment; kodatmthe state of being crushed to a powder; bibhranti they carry; dvipaof an elephant; vibhramiblunders; rurudhu obstructed; dhvntnidarkness; vndvanamVndvana. (Ka enters) Ka: (eagerly looking behind) The brilliant and charming moltengold circle of the sun now enters the ocean's waters. Bewildering the elephants and anointing the owls' eyes, darkness now covers Vndvana. Text 20 (a)

(sotsukyam panthnam udvkya). katham adypi sakh kcin netrdhvani me nvataara. (iti parvtya prci payan) sawith; utsukyamrestlessness and uneasiness; kathamhow is it?; adya apieven now; sakhthe gop friend; kcitsomeone; netraof the eyes; adhvanion the path; memy; nanot; avatatra has descended; itithus; parvtyahaving turned around; prcm behind; payanseeing. (anxiously looking at the path) Why has that gop not yet entered the pathway of Myeyes? (Turning around, He looks behind.) Text 20 (b) sndr supta-kumud-vat-kula-vadh-nidr-bhid-kovid kurv kalua-riya pari bhavtakena pakejinm samrambhd abhisrikbhir asakd vykruyamodgambhsa takarasya hanta harita prv parikurvate sndrintense; suptaasleep; kumut-vatmultitude of lotus flowers; kulapious; vadhof the wives; nidrthe sleep; bhidin the matter of breaking; kovidexpert; kurvaperforming; kaluafoulness; riyambeauty; paribhavaof disgrace; atankea with the fear; pakejinmmultitude of lotus flowers; samrambht violently; abhisrikbhiby women who meet their lovers; asakt continually; vyruyamalamented; udgambecoming manifested; abhsareflecting; takarasyaof the cooling moon; hantaO; haritamdirection of the sky; prvmeastern; parikurvateembraces. Expertly waking the lotuslike gops, eclipsing the lotus flowers' beauty, and lamented by girls eagerly awaiting their lovers, the brilliant moonlight now embraces the darkened eastern horizon. Text 21 (iti vaiyagrya nayati). dhytv dharma dhtim udayin ki babandhdya rdh tvrkepai kim uta gurubhir lambhit v nivttim

ki v kam abhajata da tm avispanda-mandm indau vindaty udayam api yan njagmjdya dt itithus; vaiyagryamperplexity; nayatirepresents dramatically; dhytvhaving reflected; dharmamon religious duties; dhtimpatience; udayinmabounding; kimwhether?; babandhabound; adyatoday; rdhRdh; tvrasharp; aksepaiby objections; ki utawhy why indeed?; gurubhiby superiors; lambhitabused; vor; nivttiminactive; ki v whether; kamdistressful; abhajataattained; damcondition; tmthis; avispandawithout motion; mandmslow; indauin the moon; vindatifinds; udayamappearance; apialthough; yat which; nanot; ajagamaarrived; adyatoday; dtthe messengergop. (perplexed) Thinking of religion and morality, did Rdh decide not to come? Was She stopped by the harsh words of Her superiors? Did a great calamity arise and make Her fell motionless and unconscious. Perhaps that is why, even though the moon now rises, Her messenger has not yet come. Text 22 (a) vikh: (latntare sodgrvikam) eso a ukkah-e maha jjeva pa-av vilo-edi kaho. t kkhaa parihasissam. latntarein the vines; sodgrvikameagerly; esathis; am at present; ukkah-ewith longing; mahamy; jjevaindeed; paavmpath; vilo-ediobserves; kaho.Ka; ttherefore; kkhaamfor a moment; parihasissamI will joke. Vikh: (hiding behind a flowering-vine, she eagerly says) Ka is looking at the path where I walk. For a moment I will joke with Him. Text 22 (b) Ka: (snandam) iya vikhpi cacala-pancaskh sakh milit. (ity upastya) sakhi tavopalambht tm eva rambhoru labdhm avaimi yad vikh-rdhayor advaitam.

sawith; anandambliss; iyamthis; vikhVikh; apieven; cacalamoving; pacasakhafingers; sakhigop-friend; militis met; itithus; upastyaapproaching; sakhiO friend; tavayour; upalambhtfrom the attainment; tmshe; evacertainly; rambhorumbeautiful; labdhmattained; avaimiI perceive; yat which; vikhof Vikh; rdhyoof Rdh; advaitamthe nondifference. Ka: (happily) Moving her hand, Vikh gestures to Me. (Ka approaches.) Friend, when I approach you, it is like approaching Rdh, whose graceful thighs are like banana trees. It is as if Rdh and Vikh were not different from each other. Text 22 (c) (Vikh mukham namayya maunam lambate). Ka: sakhi, kim atra tunm asi. Vikha: canda-muha, manda-bh-i mhi. t ki viavissam. Ka: (saakam) kim artham idam. vikhVikh; mukhamface; namayyaturning down; maunamsilence; lambateattains; sakhiO friend; kimwhy?; atra here; tunm asiare you silent; candamoon; muheface; manda-bh-inunfortunate; mhiI am; ttherefore; kimwhy?; viavissamshould I speak; sawith; akamapprehension; kim arthamwhy?; idamthis. (Turning her face down, Vikh becomes silent.) Ka: Friend, why are you silent? Vikh: O boy with a face like the moon, I am very unfortunate. What can I say? Ka: (apprehensive) What is it? Text 22 (d) Vikh: sundara, a me sarassa- nissaradi. hodu. tadh vi savaridum a juttam idam. (iti mukha-vaiktyam abhinya). bho bhai-dra-a, s pi-a-sah ahimau hadsea mahurpattaammi. (ity ardhokte uka roditi).

sundaraO handsome boy; anot; memy; sarassa- Sarasvat, the goddess of eloquence; nissaradiappears; hodulet it be; tadh vinevertheless; savaridumto conceal; anot; juttam proper; idamthis; itithus; mukhaof the face; vaiktyam disfigurement; abhinyabrings; bhaO; bhai-dra-aO prince (of Vraja); sshe; pi-adear; sahfriend; abhimaunby Abhimanyu; hadsenawretched; mahurof Mathura; pattaammi in the town; itithus; ardha-uktein the middle of the speech; ukam dry; roditicries. Vikh: O handsome one, Sarasvat does not allow graceful words to come from me. So be it. It is not right to hide the truth. O prince of Vraja, the wretched Abhimanyu has taken my dear friend Rdh to Mathur City. Text 22 (e) Ka: Vikh: Ka: Vikh: Ka: Vikh: (savyatham) kad nma nt. Jad bhaavad tumha sa-sa laddh. (sakhedam) vikhe, kathakra nt. tu-ammi bh-a takki-a. katha sa tarkita. lo-ottar-honto attho a kassa takkaijo ho-i.

sawith; vyathamalarm; kadwhen?; nmaindeed; nt brought; jadwhen; bhaavadthe noble Paurams; tumhaYour; sa-sampresence; laddhattained; sawith; khedamgrief; vikheO Vikh; katha-kramhow?; ntwas brought; tuammitowards You; bh-amlove; takki-asuspecting; katham how?; sahe; tarkitasuspected; lo-ottar-honto attha extraordinary love; anot; kassaof whom?; takkaijaable to be guessed; ho-iis. Ka: (alarmed) When was She taken? Vikh: When noble Paurams was with You. Ka: (grief-stricken) Vikh, why was She taken? Vikh: It was suspected that She had fallen in love with You. Ka: Why was it suspected? Vikh: Who could not see the symptoms of Her passionate love?

Text 22 (f) Ka: glapayati vapur durllo me baln malaynilo vikirati karair indu koda tugni-bhava ru madana-hatakas tarjaty ea sphuair ali-huktais truir api vin rdh netum may na hi akyate (iti vyamcham natayati). glapayatifatigues; vapubody; durlaill-mannered; memy; baltviolently; malayafrom the malaya hills; anilabreeze; vikirati scatters about; karaiwith rays of light; indumoon; kodam dust; tuaof the chaff of grain; agniof the fire; bhavanstate; ru angrily; madanaby cupid; hatakaafflicted; tarjatistate; ru angrily; madanaby cupid; hatakaafflicted; tarjatiscolds; ea he; sphuaiclear; aliof the bees; kuktaiby the buzzing; trui a moment; apieven; vinwithout; rdhmRdh; netumto lead; mayby Me; nanot; hiindeed; akyateis possible; iti thus; vyamohamperplexity; natayatirepresents dramatically. Ka: From the Malaya Hills an uncivilized breeze withers My body. The moon angrily showers Me with sparks. The buzzing bees rebuke Me. Without Rdh I cannot live for a moment. (Ka is overcome.) Text 23 (a) Vikh: (sakheda sasabhramam). go-ulnanda, samssasa samssasa, ma-e kkhu parihasidam. sa tavassi t-e ragaa-mli--e rakkhida-paratthi. sawith; khedamunhappiness; sawith; sabhramamrespect; go-ulnandaO bliss of Gokula; samssasa samssasatake comfort, take comfort; ma-eby me; kkhuindeed; parihasidamjoke; sa she; tavassidistressed; t-eby this; ragaa-mli--edelightful garland; rakkhidaprotected; paratthithe life is.

Vikh: (unhappy, with respect) O bliss of Gokula, please be peaceful. Be peaceful. I was only joking. Although Rdh is unhappy, Her life is protected by the ragaa garland You gave Her. Text 23 (b) Ka: (samvasya) dhrte, bhadrea kadarthito 'smi. Vikh: appao gua a sumarasi. Ka: sakhi varnyat premm aka priyy. samvasyarelieved; dhrteO rascal; bhadreaby you; kadarthitateased; asmiI am; appanaof yourself; guamthe quality; nanot; sumarasiYou remember; sakhiO friend; varnyatmshould be described; premmof the great love; aka the symptoms; priyyof the beloved. Ka: (relieved) Rogue, you teased Me. Vikh: You don't remember Your own virtues. Ka: Friend, describe the marks of love in My beloved. Text 23 (c) Vikh: (sansktena) drd apy anuagata ruti-mite tvan-nmadheykare sonmda madireka viruvat dhatte muhur vepathum ki v kathanyam anyad api te daivd varmbhodhare de ta parirabdhum utsuka-mati paka-dvaym icchati sansktenain Sanskrit; drtfrom a great distance; apieven; anuagatafrom the contact; rutiby the ears; mitemeasured; tvatYour; nmadheyaof the name; akarethe syllables; sawith; unmdamintoxication; madiraas beautiful as restless; khanjana birds; ikanaeyes; viruvatcalling out; dhatteplaces; muhu constantly; vepathumto tremble; O; ki vwhether?; kathanyamshould be described; anyatanother; apieven; te Your; daivtby destiny; varaexcellent; ambhodahrecloud; de seen; tamHim; parirabdhumto embrace; utsukaeager; mati mind; pakashoulders; dvaympair; icchatidesires.

Vikh: (in Sanskrit) When from far away the syllables of Your name touch Her ears, Her beautiful eyes become wild and She trembles again and again. If somehow She sees a dark raincloud, Her heart yearns to place Her arms around Your shoulders. Text 24 (a) Ka: tad ehi. satvaram eva preyas prekvahi. (iti parikrmata). tat ehicome here; sawith; tvaramhaste; evaindeed; preyasmthe beloved (Rdh); prekvahiwe see; itithus; parikrmatathe walk. Ka: Come. I see my beloved hurrying here. (They walk.) Text 24 (b) (tata praviati lalitayrdhyamn rdh). Rdh: (sakhedam. sansktena). pratyhena parhat nu kim abhd gantu sakh kam tasy kintu niveditena hi harir virambham bhyyayau h hanta pratiklat mayi gata ki v vidhir druo yad drd vana-mlik-parimalo py adypi nsdyate tatathen; praviatienters; lalitayaby Lalit; ardhyamn solaced; rdhRdh; sawith; khedamunhappiness; saktenain Sanskrit; pratyhenaby the obstacle; parhatstruck; nu kim perhaps; abhtbecame; gantumto go; sakhfriend; nanot; kamable; tasyher; kitubut; niveditenaby the appeal; hi indeed; hariLord Hari (Ka); virambhamto trust; abhyyau went; halas; hantaalas; pratiklatmto hostility; mayitowards me; gatahas gone; kim vwhether?; vidhidestiny; drua cruel; yatbecause; drtfrom a distance; vanaof forest flowers; mlikaof the garland; parimalapossesing the pleasent fragrance; apialthough; adyatoday; apieven; nanot; asdyateis found. (Consoled by Lalit, Rdh enters).

Rdh: (griefstricken) Stopped by some obstacle could My friend not go to Him? Did Ka not believe her words? Alas! Alas! Fate is cruel to Me. Even from far away I cannot smell the fragrance of Ka's forest garland. Text 25 Vikh: (puro 'nustya. sansktena) namr-ktya iro muhus taru-vtm lokate vartanm utthya kaam sant punar aho nidaty asau dvitry etya padni vkya lalit bhya parvartate paygre tava sagamotsukatay rdh pariklmyati purain the presence; anustyaapproaching; namr-ktya offering obeisances; irahead; muhuconstantly; taruby a tree; vtmcovered; alokatesees; vartanmpath; utthyahaving risen; kaamfor a moment; asantfrom the seat; punaagain; ahaO; bhrntperplexed; nisdatisitting; asaushe; dvitri two or three; having walked; padnisteps; vkyahaving seen; lalitmLait; bhyaexceedingly; parvartateturns around; paya just see; agrein front; tavayour; sagamafor the association; utsukataywith eagerness; rdhRdh; pariklmyatihas become devastated. Vikh: (approaching, in Sanskrit) Look! Bowing Her head, again and again looking at the tree-shaded path, one moment standing up, and the next moment, frustrated and bewildered, sitting down, again and again taking two or three steps, seeing Lalit, and then turning back, Rdh, devastated by the desire to meet You, stands before You. Text 26 Ka: vadana-dpti-vidhta-vidhday kumuda-dhma-dhur-madhura-smit nakha-jitoddur iya harineka tayati kaad-mukha-mdhurm

vadanaof the face; dptisplendor; vidhtadestroyed; vidhu of the moon; udaythe rising; kumudaof red lotus flowers (or white water lilies, or of camphor); dhmaof the abode; dhurmultitudes; madhuracharming and sweet; smitsmile; nakhaby her nails; jita conquered; udduthe stars; iyamshe; hariaas beautiful as those of a deer; ikaeyes; tayaticonsiders as insignificant as a blade of grass; kaad-mukhathe first part of the evening; mdhurmthe charm. Ka: The luster of Her face eclipsing the moon, Her smile sweet like a lotus-filled lake, Her nails defeating the stars, and Her eyes like the doe, She makes the beauty of early evening seem important like a single blade of grass. Text 27 Rdhik: (saktaryam. sansktena) dg-bhagn kim u parimalai preyasbhir preyasbhir niruddha ki v svair mayi vihitavn uddhatym upekm h cndrbhir dyutibhir abhito grasyame 'pi loke prpto nya yadi ha latik-mandire nanda-snu sawith; ktaryamdejection; sasktenain Sanskrit; dkof the eyes; bhagnmof sidelong glances; kim uwhy indeed; parimalai by the fragrance; preyasbhiby the beloved gops; niruddha restrained; kim vand why?; svairindependent; mayitowards me; vihitavnperformed; uddhataintense; ayamthis; upekm rejection; hO; cndrbhiof the moon; dyutibhiby the shining; abhitacompletely; grasyamebeing swallowed; apialthough; lokethe universe; prptaattained; nanot; ayamthis; yadiif; haO; latikof creepers; mandirein the cottage; nandaof Nanda Maharj; snuthe son (Ka), Rdhik: (dejected, in Sanskrit) Do other girls stop Him with the fragrance of their crooked glances? Is He averse to Me? Why, now that the whole world is swallowed by splendid moonlight, does Ka not come to this cottage of flowering vines? Text 28 (a)

Ka: (puro 'nustya). aho, sdhyan prasda pauramsy, yad iyam modayati kaumud. Rdhik: (camatktim abhinya. svagatam). hu, etti-a bh-a-dhea bh-aa savutto esa jao. (iti vaivayam lambate). purathe presence; anustyahaving approached; ahaO; sdhynsuperexcellent; prasdamercy; pauramsyof Paurams; yatbecause; iyamthis; modayatidelighting; kaumudmoonlight; camatktimwonder; abhinyaattaining; svagatamaside; humO; etti-aof this extent; bh-agood fortune; dhe-namof those who are granting; bh-aamrecepticle; savuttaarrived; esathis; jaaperson; itithus; vaivayam loss of composure; lambateattains. Ka: (approaches Rdh) It is Paurams's great mercy that this moonlight shines so pleasantly. Rdhik: (full of wonder, She says to Herself) Ah, this is the most glorious person! (Rdh is overwhelmed.) Text 28 (b) Vikh: (sasktena) aho dhany gopya kalita-nava-narmoktibhir ala vilsair nanda dadhati madhurair y madhubhida dhig astu sva bhgyamama yad iha rdh priya-sakh puras tasmin prpte nibia-jaimg viluhati sasktenain Sanskrit; ahaO; dhanyafortunate; gopya gops; kalitaspoken; navanovel; narmajoking; uktibhiwith words; alamenough!; vilsaiwith pastimes; nandambliss; dadhatiplaces; madhuraicharming; ywho; madhuof the Madhu demon; bhidaof the killer (Ka); dhikfie; astumay be; svamown; bhgyamdestiny; mamamy; yatwhich; ihahere; rdhRdh; priyadear; sakhfriend; purain the presence; tasminin this; prpteattained; nibiaintense; jaimathe state of being stunned; agbody; viluhatirolling about (on the ground). Vikh: With sweet pastimes and new jokes the fortunate gops delight Ka. But my own good fortune is pathetic and worthless, for

in my presence my dear friend Rdh, her every limb stunned, rolls about on the ground. Text 29 (a) Lalit: a-i lajjlu-e rhi-e, aggado eso de masa-hasa-haro aro. t m kkhu sajjhasea vimhal hohi. ja pagabhad jeva ajja kajjashi. a-iO; lajjlu-eshy; rhi-eO Rdh; aggadain the presence; esaHe; deof you; masaof the mind; hasathe swan; harah enchanting; a-arahandsome young man; ttherefore; mdon't; kkhuindeed; sajjhaseawith fear; vimhalagitated; hohi become; jambecause; pagabbhadcourage; jevaindeed; ajjaat this moment; kajja-shinwill fulfill your desires. Lalit: Shy Rdh, a lover more charming than the swans in the Mnasa Lake stands before You. Don't be paralyzed by fear. Now boldness will fulfill Your desires. Text 29 (b) (iti rdhikm bald ivkya kntikam sdya ca. sansktena). vidrd lokya prabalatara-t-taralita sakh-ceto-hasas tava vadana-padme nipatita bhramad-bhr-pbhy kitava tam abadhnd iha bhavn kim asmsu nyyy vyavasitir iya te visad itithus; adhikmRdh; baltforcibly; ivaas it were; akya dragging; kaof Ka; antikamto the vicinity; sdya attaining; caand; sasktenain Sanskrit; vidratfrom a great distance; lokyahaving seen; prabala-taravery strong; t thirst; taralitatrembling; sakhof the friend; cetaof the mind; hasaswan; tavayour; vadanaof the face; padmein the lotus flower; nipatitafallen; bhramatmoving; bhrof the eyebrows; psbhymby the two nets; kitavaO cheat; tamthat; abadhnt bound; ihahere; bhavnYou; kimwhether?; asmsutowards us; nyyymethod; vyavasitiresolution; iyamthis; teyour; visadcontrary.

(Dragging Rdh, as if by force, to Ka, she says in Sanskrit). Seeing Your from afar, the swan of my friend's heart fell into the lotus flower of Your face and became trapped in the net of Your moving eyebrows. Thief, why do You tease us in this way? Text 30 (a) Ka: (smitv) lalite, mad-vidh nbalrtha-hrio bhavanti. Vikh: dhammi-a, sacca saccam. bhaddakli-tttha-kalambo jjeva atta pamam. smitvsmiling; laliteO Lalit; mat-vidhlike me; nanot; abala of the weak women; arthawealth; hariastealing away; bhavanti are; dhammi-aO pious boy; saccam saccamthis is true, this is true; bhaddakliBhadrakali; ttthaat the holy place; kalamba kadamba tree; jjevacertainly; attahere; pamnamauthority or witness. Ka: (smiling) Lalit, persons like Me do not rob from women. Vikh: Saint, it is true. True. The kadamba tree here at Bhadrakli-trtha bears witness it is true. Text 30 (b) Ka: sakhi lalite, mad-visuddhau katha va pratti. Lalit: cha-illa-parikkh-vihea. Ka: vme, kma kathyat parka. mama bhrjiur aya krti-ubhrur na m kalak-kartu akyate. sakhiO friend; laliteO Lalit; matMy; viuddhauin the purity; kathamhow is it?; vaof you; prattitrust; cha-illaexpert; parikkhtrial; viheaby performance; vmeO contrary girl; kmamas you wish; kathyatmmay be spoken; parkatrial; mamaMy; bhrjiuhbrilliant; ayamthis; krtiof the good reputation; ubhraspotless; asubeam of light; nanot; m falsely; kalak-kartumto be stained with disgrace; akyateis able. Ka: Friend, what will make you think I am so pure and saintly? Lalit: We will test You with a trial-by-ordeal.

Ka: Crooked girl, say what this ordeal will be. The glory of My good reputation will never be disgraced. Text 30 (c) Lalit: (sansktena) tvam unnaddhe rdh-stana-kanaka-kumbhntara-milattanjl-kloraga-yuvati-mrdha-praayii yadi kobhonmukta kalayasi kara nyaka-maau tatas te dhvastka pracarati yao-maala-a sansktenain Sanskrit; tvamyou; unnadhebound; rdhof Rdh; stanaof the breasts; kanakagolden; kumbhapots; antara within; milatmeeting; tan-japroduced from the body; ali multitude; klablack; uragaserpent; yuvatiyoung girl; mrdha head; prayiniintimate; yadiif; kobhafrom harm; unmukta free; kalayasiYou place; karamband; nyaka-maauon the most prominent jewel; tatathen; teYour; dhvasta-akafree from any; pracaratiis manifest; yaaof the honor; maalaround; a moon. Lalit: (in Sanskrit) A young, black, female snake that is the line of black hairs emerges from Rdh's golden-waterpot breasts. If You can place Your hand on that great jewel of that snake's head, and remain unhurt, then the moon of Your good reputation will shine without any touch of disgrace. Text 31 (a) Ka: (ktrima trsam abhinya). hanta nihure, nmnaiva lalitsi. yad alpyasi tvad-arthe garyas sarpa-ghakhya parkm-upakipasi. ktrimamartificial; trsamfear; abhinyahaving brought; hantaO; nihurecruel girl; nmnaby name; evaindeed; lalit Lalit (playful); asiyou are; yatbecause; alpyasiin something very insignificant; tvat-artheon that account; garyasmvery severe; sarpacontaining a serpent; ghaapitcher; akhymknown; parkamtrial-ordeal; upakipasiyou prescribe.

Ka: (pretending to be afraid) Cruel girl, you are called Lalit, which means playful and charming, but for a very slight crime you propose the very heavy test of touching snake in a waterpot. Text 31 (b) Rdhik: (sapraayeryam). lalide, ciha ciha. (iti sa-bhrbhagam avalokyate). Lalit: vishe aha-ghauddesa-kri ma ksa tajjati rhi-. Vikh: lalide im-e hi-a-ahida -da ma-e j-adi. Lalit: ta kadhe-i. suissam. sawith; praayaaffection; iryammalice; lalideO Lalit; ciha cihastay, stay; itithus; sawith; bhrof the eyebrows; bhagamknitting; avalokateglances; viaheO Vikh; aha destroyed; ghacloud; uddesaindication; krinmperformer; mamme; ksawhy?; tajjaticritizes; rhi-aRdh; lalideLalit; im-eof her; hi-a-ain the heart; hidamsituated; a-dam desire; ma-eby me; j-adiis undertood; tamthat; kadhe-i please relate; suissamI shall listen. Rdhik: (affectionately angry) Lalit, stop, stop! (Knitting her eyebrows, Rdh stares at Lalit.) Lalit: Vikh, I am driving away the dark cloud that troubles Her. Why does Rdh rebuke me? Vikh: Lalit, I know the desire hidden in Her heart. Lalit: Tell it, and I will listen. Text 31 (c) Vikh: (sansktena ritya) spantam yo meghn agham anagha-karm tam avadhdvia-jvl-jlonmada-mada-mayat-kliyam ahim akrd gopendra-druham ajagaram divya-purua bhujagcryo 'smin kim iva ghaate yan naga-ghaa sanktenaspeaking in Sanskrit; spantamtouching; meghn clouds; aghamAghasura; anaghapure, and never to be frustrated; karmdeeds; tamhim; avadh-dviainimical; jvlof flames;

jlawith a network; unmadafurious; madapride; mayatmoving; kliyamKalya; ahimserpent; akrtdid; gopaof the cowherd men; indrathe king (Nanda); druhamharming; ajagaramsnake; divyacelestial; puruamperson; bhujagaof serpents (or of handsome young men); cyateacher; asminto Him; kimhow is it possible?; ivaas it were; ghaateto be affective; yatwhich; naga-ghaahthe trial where the accused touches a snake. Vikh: (in Sanskrit) He easily killed Aghsura, a snake that touched the clouds. He defeated the arrogant Kliya snake, who spat flames of poison. The snake that attacked the gopa-king He turned into a demigod. Ka must be the spiritual master of the snakes. What is Your ordeal of a snake in a waterpot to Him? Text 32 (a) Lalit: (vihasya) hal radhe, appao pari-ara-rva-e a jsi mhappa im-e, pekkha. tah hi. vihasyalaughing; halO friend; rdheRdh; appaaof the self; pari-araof a follower; rv e nawho has the form; anot; jsiyou understand; mhappamglory; im-eof her; pekkha just see; taha hitherefore it is said. Lalit: (laughs) Rdh, you do not know the glory Your servant the snake. Look. Text 32 (b) avi garuassa sih-maim uraga-vah-gavva-hri-virudassa pahava-i sahi mohedu tuha a-a-rom-al-bhu-ag avieven; garuassaof Garuda; sih-manimcrest jewel; uraga of the serpents; vhuof the wives; gavvapride; hriremoving; virudassawhose call; pahava-iis able; sahiO friend; mohedumto stunn; tuhayour; a-anew; rom-alline of hairs; bhu-ag female serpent.

Friend, the snake of Your line of hairs has the power to bewilder and frustrate even the person who stays like a jewel on the head of Garua, the bird whose calls take away the pride of the snakes' wives. Note: Ka is the person who stays like a jewel on Garua's head. Text 33 (a) Rdhik: (sapraaya-roam) a-i dhihe lalide, ettha avi-a ma viambesi. t gadu-a buhi-a go-a vinavissam (iti gantum icchati). Lalit: a-i muddhe. a shu cora v ji-a jhi. (iti pacalam dadti). sawith; praayaaffection; roamanger; a-iO; dhihe audacious; lalideO Lalit; etthahere; avi-ahaving brought; mamme; viambesiyou are mocking; tthat; gudu-ahaving gone; buhi-namelderly; go-amof the gops; vinassamI shall inform; itithus; gantumto go; icchatidesires; a-iO; muddhe bewildered girl; amthis; shumpious; coramdishonest; vor; ji-ahaving known; jhiyou go; itithus; paaof the garment; acalamthe corner; dadtitakes. Rdhik: (affectionately angry) Arrogant Lalit, first you bring me here, and then you mock me. I will go to Vndvana and tell the elderly gops about you. Lalit: Bewildered girl, first determine whether my actions are good or bad. Then go. Text 33 (b) Ka: cai lalite, yad yato durgrahn na virntsi, tata karavi. (iti rdhm anusarpati). Lalit: (vilokya) cha-illa, ciha ciha. viadam viadam. caicruel; laliteO Lalita; yatwhich; yatabecause; durgrahtwicked obstinacy; nanot; virantastopped; asiyou are; tatatherefore; karavniI should undergo; parkamthe trial-by-ordeal; itithus; rdhmRdh; anusarpatiapproaches;

vilokyaobserving; cha-illa-O clever one; ciha cihastop, stop; viadam viadamit is understood, it is understood. Ka: Cruel Lalit, because you will not give up this wicked idea, I accept this trial-by-ordeal. (He approaches Rdh). Lalit: (observing Ka). Clever Ka, stop! Stop! I accept Your innocence. I accept it. Text 33 (c) (iti sansktena) prrabdhe purata parkaa-vidhau trsnuviddhasya te khinno 'ya kara-pallavas tara-lat kampodgamai pupayati romca ikhi-piccha-ca-nibia mrti ca dhatte tato jtas tva nanu payato hara-pur-smrjya-dhaureyaka itithus; sansktenain Sanskrit; prrabdhein the previous activity; puratapreviosly; parkaaof trial; vidhauin the activity; trsafear; anuviddhasyapierced; teof You; khinna distressed; ayamthis; karaof trembling; kam-aof shaking; udgamaistanding upright of hairs of the body; ikhipeacock; picchafeather; cacrest; nibiam thick; mrtiform; caand; dhatteis it no so?; payatabefore the eyes; harastealing; pur of the city; smrjyadominion; dhaureyakaabundance. Ka, when this trial-by ordeal began You were wounded by fear, and the blossoming twig of Your hand trembled. Then the hairs on Your body stood up like the peacock feathers in Your crown. Look, in this way I know that You must be the king who rules the city of thieves. Text 34 (a) Ka: (sakucan namr-bhya). hanta, dh-gaurava gaura yad aham eva caur-kto 'smi. Lalit: cha-illa, dihi-a appao muhea agkidam. Ka: sakhi, sauhdenopadiyat me reyasa panth. sankucanshrinking; namrbowing His head; hantaO; dhiof the intelligence; gauravamthe significance; gauramof the fair

complexioned gops; yatbecause; ahamI; evaindeed; caurkta asmiI am a thief; cha-illaO clever boy; dihi-aby good fortune; appaaof the self; muhenaby the mouth; ag-kidam accepted; sakhiO friend; sauhdenaby friendship; upadiyatm may be instructed; meMy; reyasabest; panthpath; yenaby which; ahamI; apardhof being an offender; bhavamthe state; nanot; vrajmiI attain. Ka: (pulling back, He bows His head) Alas, the great intelligence of the fair gops proves that I am a thief. Lalit: Clever boy, You admit it with Your own mouth. Ka: Friend, out of friendship for Me, please show Me the right path, so I will be an offender no longer. Text 34 (b) Lalit: (sansktena ritya). gatn rdhy stana-giri-tae yogam abhito vivikte muktn tvam iha taral-bhya taras viuddhn madhye pravia sararth sahday bhajante sd-guyd api pthula-doa hi puruam sansktena arityaspeaking in Sanskrit; gatnmgone; rdhyaof Rdh; stanaof the breasts; giriof the mountains; taeon the slope; yogamyoga (or meeting); abhitacompletely; viviktein solitude; muktnmof the liberated (or of the pearls); tvamYou; ihahere; taral-bhyahaving trembled (or having become the central jewel on the necklace); tarasquickly; viuddhnmof the pure; madhyein the midst; praviaplease enter; saranafor shelter; arthibegging; sahrdayasaintly persons; bhajanteworship; sd-guytbecause of saintly qualities; api even; pthulagreat; doamfaults (or arm); hicertainly; puruam person. Lalit: (in Sanskrit) You should approach the great and pure liberated souls who in secluded places have climbed the mountain of perfection in yoga. Then, trembling, You should beg shelter from them. Because they are very kind and virtuous, they will help even a sinner, This ambiguous verse may also be translated:

"You should become the central jewel on the splendid pearlnecklace decorating the solitary slopes of the mountains of r Rdh's breasts. You should approach those pearls and beg for shelter. Those saintly pearls will certainly accept You, the mighty-armed Supreme Personality of Godhead." Text 35 (a) Ka: sakhi sdhpadia tvay. (iti snandam upastya pnau rdh dadhti). Rdhik: (sagadgadam) sundara, ajutta tujjha edam. (iti paim cchidya khinm tirodadhti). Ka: (Rdhm aprekya. saakam). hanta sakhyau, kva v priya-sakh. sakhiO friend; sdhuwell; upadiaminstructed; tvayby you; itithus; sawith; anandambliss; upastyaapproaching; pauthe two hands; rdhmRdh; dadhtiplaces; sawith; gadgadamwords choked up; sundaraO beautiful boy; ajuttam improper; tujjhaYour; edamthis; itithus; paimthe hand; cchidyaremoving; khinmof the trees; tirodadhtihides; rdhmRdh; aprekyaobserving; sawith; akamalarm; hanta O; sakhyaufriends; kvawhere?; vmyour; priyadear; sakh friend. Ka: Friend, what you teach is right. (Blissful, He approaches Rdh, and places His hand upon Her). Rdhik: (with a faltering voice). Handsome one, this is not right. (Rdh removes Ka's hand and then dissappears into the trees.) Ka: (Observing Rdh's departure, Ka becomes alarmed.) Friends, where did your dear friend go? Text 35 (b) Ubhe: mohaa, irvi-a bhaissamha. (iti khi-prham sdya). hal rhi. amma-sla kana parihasidu laddho osaro. t kkhaa svahitth ho-i. ubheboth; mohanaO charming boy; irvi-ahaving discovered; bhaissamhawe shall relate; itithus; khiof the

friend; rhiO Rdh; ammajoking; lamnature; kaham Ka; parihasidumto make a joke; laddhaattained; osara opportunity; tthat; kkhaammoment; svahitthwith pretense; ho-iplease become. Lalit and Vikh: Charming one when we find her, we will tell You. (They approach Rdh from behind). Friend Rdh, now is the chance to tease this playful joker Ka. For a moment hide what You really feel. Text 35 (c) Rdhik: (savyja bhruvau vibhujya). lalide, parihasidu ti ki bhasi. ja risa shasa a kkhu mdis-e juttam. t patthidamhi. sawith; vyjamwith cunning; bhruvaueyebrow; vibhujya bending; lalideO Lalit; parihasidumto joke; tithus; kimhow?; bhasiyou speak; jamwhich; risamlike this; shanambold reckless act; anot; kkhuindeed; mdis-eby one like me; juttam proper; tthere; patthidamhiI have left. Rdhik: (cunningly moving her eyebrows) Lalit, why do you say I should tease Him? It is not right for a person like Me to mistreat anyone. I will leave here at once. Text 35 (d) Lalit: (kam abhyupetya). candaa. amha-pi-a-sah ki vi viavidu-kmvi bh-edi. Ka: sakhi, na khalv atra vaa-vartini jane bhtir avaka labhate. tan nikmam jpayatu. kamKa; abhyupetyaapproaching; canaaO moonfaced boy; amhaour; pi-adear; sahfriend; kim visomething; viaviduto say; kmvialthough she desires; bh-edishe is afraid; sakhiO friend; nanot; khaluindeed; atrahere; vaavartinisubmissive and obedient; janetowards a person; bhti fear; avaksmopportunity; labhateattaisn; tatthat; nikmam according to desire; jpayatumay she command.

Lalit: (approaches Ka). O boy with a face like the moon, although She yearns to speak with You, our friend is afraid. Ka: Friend, there is no need to fear a submissive servant. She may order Me as She likes. Text 35 (e) Lalit: (sansktam ritya). cetas tmyati me bhayormibhir ala pi-dvaya kampate kaha sajjati hanta ghrati ira svidyanti gtry api gohkhaala caa-shasa-vidhau tensmi nha kam yad drd abhisrito nii bhavn etan mama kmyatu cetamind; tmyatiis perplexed; memy; bhayaof fear; urmibhiwith waves; alamgreatly; pihands; dvayamtwo; kampatetremble; kahathroat; sajjatiis choked up; hantaO; ghratispins; irahhead; svidyantiperspire; gtrilimbs; api even; gohof the land of cows (Vraja); akhaalaO monarch; caacruel; shasareckless; vidhaudeed; tenaby that; asmiI am; nanot; ahamI; kamable; yatwhich; drtfrom a great distance; abhisritawho has arrived at the place of rendesvouz; nii at night; bhavnYou; etatthat; mamaof me; kmyatumay forgive. Lalit: My heart is tossed by waves of fear. My hands tremble. My throat is choked. My head spins. O prince of Vraja, I have no power to do great deeds. From far away You have come here at night. Please forgive me. Text 16 (a) Ka: (svagatam) na jne narmato dharmato vya gir garim. Rdhik: (kicid virbhya). sahi ta patthvehi am. jva kovi a pekkhadi. Ka: (sakhedam tmagatam) capala-premao hi blramayah. tat kim ivsabhvya nma.

svagatamaside; nanot; jneI understand; narmatafrom joking; dharmatafrom religious principles; vaor; ayamthis; girm of the words; garimsignificance; kincitsomewhat; virbhya becoming visible; sahiO friend; tamquickly; patthvehiplease send away; namHim; jvato which extent; kovisomeone; nanot; pekkhadisees; sawith; khedamunhappiness; tmagatamaside; capalaflickering; premaalove; hiindeed; bl-ramaya young girls; tatthat; kimwhat?; ivlike; asabhvyam impossible; nmacertainly. Ka: (aside) I don't know whether she is joking or showing good manners. Rdhik: (Becoming partly visible) Friend, quickly send Him away. No one should see me. Ka: (Unhappily says to Himself) Girls are very fickle in love. What is not possible for them? Text 36 (b) (prakam). tvayhta prve praaya-nikurambea rabhasd asiddhrtho rdhe bhavitum iha yukta katham aham riyka kyasa-mair ayas-knta-ilay sphua tm asptv bhajati kim adre sthagitatm prakamopenly; tvayaby you; ahtacalled; prvenearby; praayalove; nikurambeawith an abundance; rabhastwith great zeal; asiddhanot completed; arthagoal; rdheO Rdh; bhavitumto be; ihahere; yuktaproper; kathamhow is it? aham I; sriyaby the opulence; akaattracted; kyasa-mai iron; ayas-kntaof the magnet; ilayby the stone; sphuam clearly; tmher; aspvnot touching; bhajatiattains; kim why?; adrenot far away; sthagitatmthe state of being concealed. (openly) With passionate love You called Me to Your side. O Rdh, is it right to leave My desire unfulfilled? As iron is drawn to a magnet, so I am drawn to You. I did not even touch You. Why did You run away and hide? Text 37 (a)

Lalit: go-ulanda, rhi-a ksa uvlahesi. a dhamma-hada-a cce-a uvlaha, jo kkhu hadso doa ibbhraruratta antare paibandh-hodi. go-ulandaO bliss of Gokula; rhi-amRdh; ksawhy?; uvlahesido you criticise; amindeed; dhammaof religion; hadaamtransgression; cce-aindeed; uvlahaYou should criticise; ja which; kkhuindeed; hadsabereft of hope; doamof the two; ibhagreatly; anurattanamaffectionate; antarewithin; paibandh hodibecome an obstacle. Lalit: Bliss of Gokula, why do You blame Rdh? You should blame Your own sin. That sin is no an obstacle to stop You two from becoming lovers. Text 37 (b) Ka: paya paya. sakhi nirbharam anurakt praayinam anuynti dharmam api hitv iyam ati-rg prc cumbati vidhum indra-nthpi paya payalook, look; sakhiO friend; nirbharamgreatly; anuraktaffectionate; praayinamto the beloved; anuyntigoes; dharmammorality; apieven; hitvhaving abandoned; iyamthis; atigreat; rglove; prcfacing; cumbatikisses; vidhum Candra (the deity of the moon), (also a name of Lord Viu); indranthaTara, the wife of Brhaspati, the priest of Indra (or a woman with a powerful or opulent husband); apieven. Ka: Look! Look! Friend, leaving morality behind, they who love passionately run to their beloved. Passionately in love, Indra's wife kissed the demigod Candra. Note: Ambiguous, this verse may also be translated:

"Look! Look! Friend, leaving morality behind, they who love passionately run to their beloved. Passionately in love, even a king's wife will kiss the Supreme Personality of Godhead." Text 38 (a) Lalit: tumha uttara-pa-uttare ko ma pahavadi. t ido vijayentu smi-pd. Rdhik: (sktam anustya). lalide, appao muhea kivi viavia a nivahva-issam. tumhnamof you; uttara-pa-uttarein the debate; kawhat?; maindeed; pahavadiis possible; ttherefore; idafrom this; vijayentushould go; smiof the Lord; pdfeet; swith; aktam intention; anustyaapproaching; lalideO Lalit; appanaown; muheaby the mouth; kivisomething; viavi-ahaving instructed; amthis; nivahva-issamI shall turn away. Lalit: Can You give an answer? O noble lady, You should leave this place. Rdhik: (deliberately approaching Lalit). Lalit, with My owm mouth I will say something. Then I will go. Text 38 (b) (iti lalitm avekya. sansktena). samantn me krtir mukharita-sat-maala-mukh kalaonmukta kulam avikala-rr api pati calac-cill-ll-jita-madana-dhanvoddhatir aya tad asminn rambhe hdayam aphala viklavayati itithus; lalitmLalit; avekyaglancing; sansktenain Sanskrit; samanttcompletely; memy; krtigood reputation; mukharitaresounding; satof the pious gops; maalaof the community; mukhmouths; kalakenaof any taint; unmuktam free; kulamfamily; avikalaentire; rbeauty and opulence; api although; patimaster; calatmoving; cillof the eyebrows (compared to creepers); lilaby the pastimes; jitaconquered; madanacupid; dhanvaof the bow; uddhatithe pride; ayamthis;

tatthat; asminin this; rambheattempt; hdayamheart; aphalamfruitless; viklavayaticauses to become depressed. (Glances at Lalit). My glories always stay in the mouths of the circle of saintly ladies. My family is free from any impurity. My husband has all glory and opulence. Still, He whose restless eyebrows defeat even Kmadeva's bow now brings sorrow to My worthless heart. Text 39 Ka: (rdhm nirpya. socchvasam tmagatam). dhvanty ruti-akul-parisaram sagd apgd apga-riyo dhatte hraka-kuala marakatottasa-dyuti subhruva vg-anta smita-bhg vibhti tad ida ske sakh-ikay vaimukhya kila ktrima vilasati klnti mano m sma g rdhmRdh; nirpyaobserving; sawith; ucchvasama sigh; tmagatamaside; dhvantymoving; rutiof the ears; askul the opening; parisaramnear; sagtfrom contact; apgaof sidelong-glances; riyaof the beauty; dhatteplaces; hraka diamond; kualamearring; marakataemerald; uttasaornament; dyutimluster; subhruvaof she who has beautiful eyebrows; vk words; antawithin; smitasmile; bhkpossessing; vibhtiis brilliantly manifest; tattherefore; idamthis; akeI suspect; sakh of the friend; ikayby the instruction; vaimukhyamaversion; kilaindeed; ktrimamartificial; vilasatiis manifested; klntim dejection; manahO mind; mdon't; smaindeed; ggo. Ka: (glancing at Rdh, Ka sighs and says to Himself) Touched by Her restless sidelong glances, Rdh's earrings are now dark like emeralds. Also, within the words of this girl with beautiful eyebrows a smile now glistens. O My heart, please do not be unhappy. I suspect Her rejection of Me is a pretense created by Her friend's advice. Text 40 (a) Lalit: (ka-mukham lokya. janntikam). vishe, igidea lakkhemi. uda imi amha rahassam.

Vikh: adha im. kaKa's; mukhamface; lokyaobserved; janntikam whishpering; visheO Vikh; igidenaby the intention; lakkhemi I am undertood; udamdiscovered; imiaby this; amhnam our; rahassamsecret; adha imthis is certainly true. Lalit: (She looks at Ka's face and whispers to Vikh:) Vikh, by looking at Him I know that Ka has uncovered our secret. Vikh: Yes, it is true. Text 40 (b) Ka: (sasmitam) lalite, ktam atra vacana-ctur-prapacena. nahi ltay prasrits tantavo gandha-sindhurasya bandhya prabhavanti. Vikh: sahi rhe, ipphala vilambasi. jhatti kidatth-kua appao pi-a-jaam. sawith; smitama smile; laliteO Lalit; ktamuseless; atra here; vacanaat cheating; cturexpert; prapacenathe manifestation; nahinot at all; ltayby a spider; prasrita expanded; tantavawebs; gandha-sindhurasyaof a maddened elephant; bandhyafor binding; prabhavantiis able; sahiO friend; rheO Rdh; ipphalamfruitless; vilambasiyou are delaying; jhattiimmediately; kidatth-kuaplease fulfill the desire; appana of your own; pi-a-jaamdear friend. Ka: (smiles) Lalit, you cannot trick Me with these words. A spider cannot weave a web that will catch an elephant. Vikh: Friend Rdh, Your teasing is now useless. At once fulfill Your beloved's desire. Text 40 (c) Ka: (snurgam) kara-dvandvam ida rutair iha kuh-kahasya kuh-kta sadya komala-bhrat-parimalenollghaya slghay

niaka kila tal-kuru parrambhea rambhoru me gambhra-smara-vahni-tpa-lahar-pari gtry api karaof ears; dvandvamthe pair; idamthis; rutaiwith sounds; ihahere; kuhkahasyaof a cuckoo; kuh-ktam blunted; sadyaimmediately; komalagentle; bhratof eloquent words; parimalenawith the fragrance; ullghayaplase cure; slghaywith words of praise; niakamfearlessly; kilaindeed; tal-kurumake cool; parrambhenawith an embrace; rambhoru O beautiful Rdh; meMy; gambhradeep; smaraof love; vahni of the fires; tpaof the heat; laharof the waves; ptri receptacles; gtrnilimbs; apieven. Ka: (with passionate love) With the fragrance of sweet words please cure My ears deafened by the cuckoos' cooing. O girl with the beautiful thighs, with Your unhesitating embrace please cool My limbs now splashed by waves of the flames of passionate love. Text 41 (a) Vikh: sundara, es bhaavad lajj rhi--rvea uttia. t jva a cd-bandhea samuh kadu-a samapemha tva bhavantea somma-s-ala-vutti hodavvam. sundaraO handsome boy; esshe; bhaavadof the demigodess; lajjshame; jjevvacertainly; rhi-of Rdh; rvea in the form; uttiahas descended; ttherefore; jvaas long as; amher; cd-bandheawith words of praise; samuh-kadu-a facing; samappemhaI offer; tvafor that legnth of time; bhavanteaby You; sommagentle and noble; s-alacool; vutti with a disposition; hodavyamshould be done. Vikh: Handsome one, assuming the form of Rdh, the Goddess of Shyness has descended to this world. I will praise Her with sweet words. You please be cool and calm, like a perfect gentleman. Text 41 (b) Ka: (sdaram)

ayam atra nisarga-tala sakhi rdh-kucayor avasthitim nava-kcana-kumbhayor aha sphurad indvra-dmavad bhaje sawith; adaramreverence; ayamthis; atrahere; nisargaby nature; talacool; sakhiO friend; rdhof Rdh; kucayoof the breasts; avasthitimresidence; navanew; kcanagold; kumbhayopitchers; ahamI; sphuratclearly; indvaraof blue lotus flowers; dmaa garland; vatlike; bhajeI attain. Ka: (repectful) By nature I am very cool and calm. Friend, now I will become like blue-lotus garland resting on the golden waterpots of Rdh's breasts. Text 42 (a) (iti manda manda rdhm upasarpati). Rdhik: (kincid upastya) sahi vishe, suhu bhdamhi. t kiti mam uvekkhasi. itithus; mandam mandamslowly; rdhmRdh; upasarpati approaches; kincitsomewhat; apastyashrinking; sahiO friend; visheVikh; suhuclearly; bhidamhiI am afraid; t therefore; kitiwhy?; mamto me; uvekkhasido you abandon. (Ka slowly approaches Rdh.) Rdhik: (backing away) Friend Vikh, I am afraid. Why do you abandon Me? Text 42 (b) Lalit: rhe, es visheti vikkhd kadha tuma pacchdi-a rakkhidu pahavadu, t rakkhaa-kkhama a vaa-mli-a jjeva bhajehi. ja es a-aida-il-muh dsa-i. rheO Rdh; esshe; vishetias Vikh; vikkhd celebrated; kadhamhow; tumamyou; pacchdi-ahaving concealed; rakkhidumto protect; pahavadumay be able; t

therefore; rakkhaaprotection; kkhamamcompetent; amthis; vaaof forest flowers; mli-amgarland; jjevasurely; bhajehi please take; jambecause; esthis; a-aidaattracted; ilmuh bumble-bees; dsa-iseen. Lalit: Rdh, her name is "Vikh". How can she protect You? Accept this garland. It will protect You. You can see it attracts all the black bees. Note: The word "Vikh" may be interpreted to means "without hands". Lalit explains that because she is handless, Vikh cannot protect Rdh. Text 42 (c) Rdhika: (sapraaya-roam) a-i dummuhi lalide, siddh cce-a tumha maorah, tadhvi a nivuttsi. Vikh: hal rhi, savva go-ula-jaa abha-ada-sattre dkkhido kaho. t ido ki ti bh-esi. sawith; praayaaffection; roamand anger; a-iO; dummuhi foul-mouthed; lalideO Lalit; siddhaccomplished; cee-asurely; tumhayour; maorahdesires; tadhvinevertheless; anot; nivuttsiyou have gone away; halO; rhiRdh; savvamto all; go-ulaof Gokula; jaamthe residents; abha-adafor giving fearlessness; sattrefor the Vedic ritual; dkkhidaconsecratede; kahaKa; ttherefore; idafrom this; kim tiwhy indeed?; bh-esiare you afraid. Rdhik: (with affectionate anger) O Lalit with the harsh mouth, now your desires are fulfilled. Still you do not go away. Vikh: Rdh, Ka has begun a Vedic ritual of to bring fearlessness to all the people of Gokula. Why are You afraid? Text 42 (d) Ka: sundari rdhe, tvam eva suhu balithsi. tata katham mattas tava bhtti. tath hi.

sundaribeautiful; rdheO Rdh; tvamyou; evacertainly; suhuclearly; balihastrongest; asiare; tatatherefore; kathamhow is it?; mattabecause of Me; tavayour; bhtifear; tath hias it is said. Ka: Beautiful Rdh, you are much stronger. Why do You fear Me? Text 42 (e) ahno bhr-guccha kutla-valanair veayati m kharas te netrnto mayi vitanute tana-vidhim pralamba kento harati haha-vtty mama bala bhajadbhis tvm etair aham iha jitair asmi vijita ahinaKaliya, the king of the snakes (or broad); bhrof the eyebrows; gucchacluster of blossoms; kuilacrooked; valanai with movements; veayatisurrounds; mmMe; kharathe demon Dhenukasura; teyour; netraof the eyes; antacorner; mayiin Me; vitanuteextends; tanaof chastising; vidhimthe activity; pralambathe demon Pralambasura (or hanging down); kea of the hair; antaend; haratiremoves; hahaof violence; vtty by the activity; mamaMy; balamBalarma, (or stregnth); bhajadbhiworshipping or taking shelter; tvmyou etaiby them; ahamI; ihahere; jitaiconquered; asmiI am; vijitaconquered. Staying in Your flower eyebrows, the Kliya snake surrounds Me. Staying in the corners of Your eyes, Dhenuksura attacks Me. Staying in Your hair, Pralambsura makes Me powerless. Though I once defeated them, now they defeat Me. Text 43 (a) Lalit: kaha, kudo im-e valihattaa ja appao dhaa tuatto mo-vidu a samatth. kahaO Ka; kudafrom what place?; im-eher; valihaamsuperior stregnth; jambecause; appaaof the self; dhaamopulence; tu-attafrom You; mo-vidumto take away; a not; samatthis able.

Lalit: Ka, how can Rdh be stronger than You? No one has the power to rob You of Your glories. Text 43 (b) Vikh: (sansktena) vidhatte kasri sakhi paramahasliu rati manohasendra te katham api na nirmokyati tata badhnmu sadyas tvam api bhuja-vall-vilasitai athe ka kemrth sumukhi nahi hya ghaayati sansktenain Sanskrit; vidhatteplaces; kasaof Kasa; ari the enemy (Ka); sakhiO friend; paramahasaof pure devotees; aliutowards the multitudes; ratimlove; manaof the mind; hasaos swans; indramto the king; teyour; katham apisome way or other; nanot; nirmokyatiwill free; tatatherefore; badhnabinding; amumthis; sadyaimmediately; tvamyou; api even; bhujaof the arms; vallcreepers; vilasitaipeace; arth desiring; sumukhibeautiful face; nahicertainly not; hyam dishonesty; ghaayatiattains. Vikh: Friend, Ka loves the noble swans of His devotees. Why, even though You yearn to bind him with the flowering vines of Your arms, does the swan of Your heart not go to Him? O girl with the beautiful face, who, desiring a peaceful and happy life, would not turn from such dishonest tricks? Text 44 (a) rdhik: (sbhisyam) pve vishi-e. tuma vi lalid-e visalad-e mrudea dsidsi. sawith abhisyamanger; pvesinner; vishi-e.Visakha; tumamyou; vieven; lalid-eof Lalita; visalad-eof the poison flowervine; mrudeaby the breeze; dsidsipoisoned.

Rdh: (angry) Sinful Vikh, the breeze from the poisonflowervine of Lalit has poisoned you. Text 44 (b) Ka: sakhi lalite, svaprasdmte kmam adattvaghanay katham adypi taasthi-kto 'smi rdhay. sakhiO friend; laliteO Lalit; svaown; prasdamercy; amte nectar; kmamaccording to desire; adattanot granted; avaghanayathe immersion; kathamhow is it?; adyanow; api even; taasthi-ktaplaced on the shore; asmiI am; rdhayby Rdh. Ka: Friend Lalit, why does Rdh not allow Me to dive into the nectar of Her mercy? Why does She make Me wait on its shore? Text 44 (c) Lalit: kaha, muca ctur-vitthra. a kkhu canda-al vi-a jhatti v-ametta-ea sulaha-ppasd amha-pi-a-sah. Ka: katha sulabhas te sakh-prasda. Lalit: se- satena. kahaO Ka; mucaplease abandon; cturof cleverness; vitthramexpansion; anot; kkhuindeed; canda-alCandrval; vi-ajust like; jhattiimmediately; v-aby words; metta-eaonly; sulahaeasy to attain; ppasdmercy; amhaour; pi-adear; sah friend; kathamhow is it?; sulabhaeasy to attain; teyour; sakh of the friend; prasdamercy; se-of service; satenaby a continuous flow. Lalit: Ka, give up trying to trick us. My dear friend is not like Candrval, who gives mercy the moment she is asked. Ka: How does one attain your friend's mercy? Lalit: By constant service. Text 44 (d)

Ka: (snandam, rdh payan). ki candanena kucayo racaymi citram uttasaymi kabar tava ki prasnai agni lagimatargi karea ki v savhaymy atanu-kheda-karambitni sawith; nandambliss; rdhRdh; payanseeing; kim whether?; candanenawith sandalwood paste; kucayoon the two breasts; racaymiI shall draw; citrama picture; uttaymishall I decorate with a crown; kabarmbraids; tavayour; kimwhether?; prasnaiwith flowers; agnilimbs; lagima-taraextremely beautiful; agilimbs; kareawith the hand; kim vor whether?; savhaymishall I massage; atanuof cupid; khedaaffliction; karambitnimixed. Ka: (joyfully glancing at Rdh). O girl with the beautiful limbs, shall I draw sandal-paste pictures on Your breasts? Shall I decorate Your braids with flowers? With My hand shall I massage your limbs tormented by Kmadeva? Text 45 (a) Rdhik: (sallam apakramya. sguli-tarjanam). pmari, sumarissasi osare. t es ghara gacchant jimha tumha hatthdo appa mo-va-issam. sawith; llampastimes; apakramyaretreating; sawith; sa with; agulifinger; tarjanamscolding; pmariO rascal; sumarissasi you shall remember; osareon the occasion; ttherefore; esI; gharamhome; gacchantgoing; jimhamcrooked; tumham of you; hatthdafrom the hand; appammyself; mo-va-issamI shall release. Rdhik: (playfully turning away, she points a finger at Lalit) Crooked wretch, you will remember this moment! Now I will go home. I will escape from the hands of you crooked girls. Text 45 (b)

Lalit: (pancalam kya) sahi rhi yhi na ghara para-hatthe patthidamhi i-ahase a-i bahire hiraa desi kudo acale gahim paaof the sari; acalamcorner; kyapulling; sahiO friend; rhiO Rdh; yhiplease go; nanot; gharamhome; araother; hatthein the hand; patthidamhiI am prepared; i-aown; hasein the swan (of the mind); a-iO; bahireO deaf girl; hiraamgold; desiyou give; kudahow is it?; acaleon the border; gahim knot. Lalit: (pulling the corner of Rdh's garment) Friend Rdh, don't go home. With the swan of my hand I will stop You. Deaf girl, why do You keep this gold tied in the corner of Your clothing? Text 46 (a) Rdhik: muca muccalam. ido gadu-a ajji-a viavissam. (nepathye) hanta attii lalide, kahi de pi-a-sah rhi-. Lalit: hanta, es ajji- muhar idha jjevva -acchadi. Ka: (saakam) tato davyn bhavmi. (iti tath sthita). muncalet go; muncalet go; acalamof the border; idafrom this place; gadu-ahaving gone; ajji-amthe respectable Mukhara; viavissamI shall inform; nepathyefrom the wings; hantaO; attiiO granddaughter; lalideO Lalit; kahimwhere?; deyour; pi-adear; sahfriend; rhi-Rdh; hantaO; esshe; ajji- the pious woman; muharMukhara; idhahere; jjevvaindeed; acchadiis coming; sawith; akamalarm; tatatherefore; daviyanfar away; bhavmiI shall become; itithus; tathin that way; sthitaHe becomes situated. Rdhik: Let go of the edge of My clothing! Let go! When I leave this place I will tell the noble lady all about this. Mukhar: (calling from off-stage) Granddaughter Lalit, where is your dear friend Rdh? Lalit: O, here comes saintly Mukhar.

Ka: (alarmed) I should run far away! (He does that.) Text 46 (b) (praviya) Mukhar: (puro dti nikipya sakam tmagatam). jo kkhu drado kovi nlima-pujo maraga-a-tthambha pasappa-e. (iti kntikam anusarpati). puraahead; dtimglance; nikipyathrowing; sawith; aakamuncertainly; dradafrom a great distance; kovi someone; nlimaof blueness; pujaabundance; maraga-a emerald; tthambhamcolumn; viambantaimitating; dihim vision; memy; a-attha-iattracts; amindeed; saHe; esa this; kahaKa; bhavemay be; jambecause; a-uruvvam unprecedented; kim pisomething; sorabbhamsweet fragrance; pasappa-ihas become extended; itithus; kaof Ka; antikam proximity; anusarpatiapproaches. (Mukhar enters). Mukhar: (Glancing ahead, she becomes doubtful about what she sees. She says to herself) Something that looks like a sapphire pillar attracts my eyes from afar. It must be Ka. He has a wonderful sweet fragrance. Text 46 (c) Ka: rye (ity ardhokte). Mukhar: (sakapakroam) ko kkhu ajjeti khulakhulavedi. Ka: rye mukhare, sukha vardhase. Mukhar: mohaa. jva tuha vamsi--e mu-attaa a savutta tva kudo amha suham. Ka: rye, ki te 'pardhyati vas. ryeO pious woman; itithus; ardhahalf; uktespoken; sa with; kapaapretended; akrosmharsh words; kawho?; kkhu indeed; ajjetithe word "O pious woman"; khulakhulavedispeaks; ryeO pious woman; mukhareO Mukhar; sukhamhappiness; vardhaseyou increase; mohanaO charming boy; jvato which extent; tuhaYour; vamsi--eof the flute; mu-attaamsilence; a

not; savuttamoccurred; tvato that extent; kudahow?; mahamof us; suhamhappiness; ryeO pious woman; kim how; teyou; apardhyatioffends; vasithe flute. Ka: Noble lady, . . . (He is interrupted in the middle of His words.) Mukhar: (with pretended harshness). Who mumbles Noble lady"? Ka: Saintly Mukhar, may you be happy. Mukhar: Charming boy, how we be happy when Your flute refuses to be silent? Ka: Noble lady, did My flute offend you? Text 46 (d) Mukhar: puccha im-o savva-go-ula bli--o j-o kaa-sma pavisattammi vamsi--phukkrrambhe vra-vra ivrijjant-o vi vae dh-anti. pucchaplease ask; im-athese; savvaall; go-ulaof Gokula; bli--ayoung girls; j-awho; kaaof the ears; smamthe boundary; pavisattammienters; vamsi-of the flute; phukkraof the hissing; rambhein the beginning; vram-vramagain and again; ivrijjant-aforbidden; vieven though; vaein the forest; dh-antirun. Mukhar: Go ask the girls of Gokula. Whenever the sound of Your flute approaches their ears, those girls run into the forest, even though again and again we try to stop them. Text 46 (e) Ka: (vihasya) mukhare, satyam yathrthanmsi. Mukhar: mohaa, padose tujjha ettha paveso ma sak-ula karedi. Ka: mukhare, ktam atra akay. yad adya parunamsy me varita tavtra catvarke cakramti kpy adbhut hariti. vihasyalaughing; mukhareO Mukhar; satyamin truth; yathaarthaappropriate; nmaname; asiyou are; mohaaO charming boy; padosein the evening; tujjhaYour; etthahere; pavesa

entrance; mamto me; sak-ulamagitated with fear; karedi causes; mukhareO Mukhar; kramuseless; atrahere; skaya fear; yatbecause; adyanow; paurnamsyby Paurams; me to Me; varitamdescribed; tavayour; atrahere; catvara-akein the courtyard; cakramiwandering about; itithus; ka apia certain; adbhutamazing; harifemale deer; itithus. Ka: (laughing) Mukhar, your name is very appropriate. Mukhar: Charming boy, Your coming here at night frightens me. Ka: Mukhar, you are afraid for no reason. Paurams told Me a wonderful doe wanders in this courtyard Note: "Mukhar" means "talkative". Text 46 (f) Mukhar: -ara, pahde pecchisassi. a di shehi. Ka: hanta-vddhe gaara-via-kahorre, virabdham syatm. eo 'ha vrajmi. (iti khinm antardadhti). O handsome young man; pahdein the morning; pecchisassi You shall see; amthis; dimnow; shediplease go; hantaO; vddheelderly gopi; gaaraof a sheep; viaas a horn; kahorehard; virabdhamtrust; syatmthere should be; ea He; ahamI; vrajmiam going; itithus; akhinminto the trees; antardadhtidissappears. Mukhar: Charming boy, look for the doe tomorrow morning. For now, go home. Ka: Old lady, you are hard like a ram's horn, but I trust you. I will go now. (Ka dissappears into the forest.) Text 46 (g) Mukhar: lalide, sacca gado kaho. Lalit: adha im. Ka: (svagatam) ghrkuleya jarat. tad atra tum etya rdh-paam akaraymi. (iti tath karoti.)

lalideO Lalita; saccamtruth; gadagone; kahaKa;.adha imcertainly; svagatamaside; ghrkuleyamagitate; jaratold lady; tatthis; atrahere; tumto silence; etyagoing; rdh Rdh; paamgarment; akaraymiI will tug; itithus; taththus; karotidoes. Mukhar: Lalita, did Ka really go? Lalita. Yes He did. Ka: (aside) This old lady is upest. I will stay silent. But I will tug Rdh's clothing. (He does that.) Text 46 (h) Mukhar: (caku vikasya skroam) ghai lalide, aggado eso pdambaro kaho rh-si-a-acala -ahanto vi-a dsa-i. t ksa tuma ma padvesi. cakutwo eyes; viksyaexpanding; sawith; kroamangry words; ghahiaudacious; lalideO Lalit; aggadain the presence; esathis; pdambaradressed in yellow garments; kahaKa; rhof Rdh; si-aof the garment; acalamthe border; -ahantapulling; vi-aas if; dsa-iis observed; t therefore; ksahow is it?; tumamyou; mamto me; padvesiyou are deceiving. Mukhar: (Her eyes wide-open with anger) Rascal Lalit! I see Ka tugging the edge of Rdh's clothing! Why do you try to fool me? Text 46 (i) (ka saakam kicid spasarpati). Lalit: (svagatam) ratti-andhi-am nam buddhi-am vacemi. (prakam. samrambham abhinya. sansktena). mudh akm andhe jarati kurue ymuna-tae tamlo 'ya cmkara-kalita-mle nivasati samra-prekhold ati-caula-nkh-bhujatay vayasyy yena stana-vasanam sphlitam abht

kaKa; sawith; akamfear; kicitsomewhat; apasarpatiretreats; svagatamaside; rattiat night; andhi-am darkness; namthis; buddhi-amold woman; vacemiI shall deceive; prakamopenly; samrambhamanger; abhinyaattaining; sansktenain Sanskrit; mudhuselessly; akmfear; andhe blind; jaratiO old woman; kurueyou perform; ymunaof the Yamuna river; taeon the bank; tamlatamala tree; ayamthis; cmkaragolden; kalitaconstructed; mleat the root; nivasati dwells; samraof the breezes; prekholtfrom the movements; ati very; caulaunsteady; khof the branches; bhujatayby the state of having branches; vayasyyof the friend; yenaby whom; stanaof the breast; vasanamgarment; sphlitamshaken; abht became. (Ka becomes a little frightened and retreats.) Lalit: (aside) At night this old lady is almost blind. I will trick her. (angrily speaking out, she says in Sanskrit) Blind old lady, you worry without reason. That is a tamla tree by the Yamun. That is a golden bench at the tree's roots. Moving in the wind, the tree's branches tug at this girl's bodice. Text 47 (a) Mukhar: (svagatam) asacca a kahe-i. (prakam) vatse, ghumm-ulamhi. t ghara gadu-a suvissam. (iti nikrnt). svagatamaside; asaccama lie; anot; kahe-ishe speaks; prakamopenly; vatseO child; ghumm-ulamhiI have become very agitated; ttherefore; gharamhome; gadu-ahaving gone; suvissamI shall sleep; itithus; nikrntshe exits. Mukhar: (aside) She isn't lying. (openly) Child, I am very upset. I will go home and go to sleep. (Mukhar exits). Text 47 (b) Vikh: hal rhi, kahassa muha-malumlida ghamma-jalabindu-jla i-a-acalea avaehi.

Rdhik: (sabhrbhagam) vishe, tuma jeva avaehi. j kkhu komra imassi vade gahda-dikkhsi. halO; rhiRdh; kahassaof Kna; muhaof the face; maalummlidamthe circle has become manifested; ghamma-jala of perspiration; binduof drops; jlama network; i-aown; si-a of the garment; acaleaby the border; avaehiplease wipe away; sawith; bhrof the eyebrows; bhagamknitting; visheO Vikh; tumamyou; jevaindeed; avaehishould wipe them away; jwho; kkhuindeed; komramto the age of sixteen; imassiin this; vvadein the vow; gahda-dikkhsiyou have accepted initiation. Vikh: Rdh, Ka's face is covered with perspiration. With the corner of Your garment please wipe it away. Rdhik: (knitting her eyebrows) Vikh, you wipe it away. Since childhood you have taken a vow to do these things. Text 47 (c) Vikh: rdhe, kaha-hid de ragaa-mli- bhadi. m kuppa. tuma vi taha dikkh-vihe krijjanta-sakalpsi. rdheO Rdh; kahaon the neck; hidsituated; deyour; ragaadelightful; mli-garland; bhadispeaks; mdon't; kuppabecome angry; tumamyou; vieven; tahathere; dikkhof initiation; vihein the activity; krijjantabeing performed; sakalpsiyou have the desire. Vikh: Rdh, the ragaa garland on Your neck says, "Don't worry. You may also take that vow." Text 47 (d) Ka: (ragaa-ml dv salgham). ake cirt kim api ragaa-pupa-sagha puya pur parama-trtha-vare vyadhatta yasmn mampy asulabhe madirki skd ag-cakra tava vakasi saga-saukhyam

ragaadelightful; mlmgarland; dvhaving seen; sa with; lghamwords of praise; akeI believe; cirtfor a long time; kim apito a great extent; ragaadelightful; pupaof flowers; saghamultitude; puyampious deeds; purpreviously; parama supreme; trthaof holy places; varevery excellent; vyadhatta performed; yasmtbecause of which; mamaMy; apieven; asulabhedifficult to attain; madira-akiwhose eyes are as charming and restless as khanjaa birds; sktdirectly; ag-cakra accepted; tavayour; vakasion the breast; sagaof association; saukhyamhappiness. Ka: (Glancing at the ragaa garland, Ka praises it.) O girl with the beautiful eyes, I think that these ragaa flowers must have for a long time performed many pious deeds at the best of holy places so that now they may enjoy the pleasure of directly touching your breasts, breasts I Myself am not allowed to touch. Text 48 (a) Rdhik: hal vishe, j kkhu maha kahdo balea -ahi-a nd tu-e aaggh guja-al s d samapp-adu. es sakkh appao ragaa-mli- geh-adu. halO; visheVikh; jwho; kkhuindeed; mahamy; kahdafrom the neck; baleaby force; -ahi-ahaving pulled; ndabrought; tu-eby you; aagghpriceless; guj-al necklace of gunja; sshe; dmnow; samapp-aduwithered; ppanaown; raganadelightful; mli-garland; genh-adu should be taken. Rdhik: Vikh, please take this ragaa garland from my neck. Place that priceless guj necklace there instead. These ragaa flowers are dried up. Text 48 (b) Vikh: go-ulanda. guja-hra-kide maha kuppadi pi-a-sahi. Ka: rdhe, sanidhehi. tava kahe gujvalm dadhmi. (ity upasarpati).

Rdhik: (sasmitam tmagatam) guj-hra-samappaa-misea rhi-kacu-a-acala pa-usadi kaho. (rdhik sabhr-vikepa parvartate). go-ulandaO bliss of Gokula; gujof gunja; hrawho fashioned; kideperformance; mahatowards me; kuppadiis angry; pi-adear; sahifriend; radheO Rdh; sanidhehiplease give; tavayour; kaheon the neck; guja-avalmnecklace of guj; dadhmiI shall place; itithus; upasarpatiapproaches; sawith; smitamsmile; tmagatamaside; gujof gunja; hraof the necklace; samappaaof the offering; niseaon the pretext; rhiof Rdh; kacu-athe garment covering the breasts; ancalamborder; pa-usaditouches; kahaKa; rdhikRdh; sawith; bhr of the eyebrows; vikepamknitting; parvartateceases. Vikh: Bliss of Gokula, my dear friend is angry with me. She wants the guj necklace. Ka: Rdh, come here. I will give You this guj necklace. (He approaches) Rdhik: (smiling, She says to Herself) On the pretext of giving Her this guj necklace, Ka touches Rdh's bodice. (Rdh stops knitting Her eyebrows.) Text 48 (c) Vikh: hal rhe, ja laddhu ukkahesi ta ki kkhu laddhsi. Rdhik: (bimbdhara sadaya). dhihe, ciha ciha. (iti llravindena tayati). Vikha: (vihasya) sva-am asaki, m kuppa. gujhra pucchemi. halO; rheRdh; jamWho; laddhumto attain; ukkahesi you are eager; tamHim; kimwhether?; kkhuindeed; laddhsi you have attained; bimbalike bimba fruits; adharamlips; sadaya bitting; dhiheimpudent; ciha cihastop, stop!; itithus; lla for playing; aravindenawith a lotus flower; tdayatistrikes; vihasyalaughing; sva-ampersonally; aakiniO bold girl; m don't; kuppabecome angry; gujof gunja; hramnecklace; pucchemiI shall ask. Vikh: Rdh, did You get what You wanted?

Rdhik: (bitting her bimb-fruit lips) Arrogant girl, stop! Stop! (Rdh strikes Vikh with a pastime lotus-flower.) Vikh: (laughing) Fearless one, don't be angry. I will ask for the guj necklace. Text 48 (d) Ka: kva tapas tath mamste llmbuja-hatim avpnuy yana m cacalena taya locana-kamalcelenpi kvawhere?; tapaausterity; tathin that way; mamamy; asteis; llfor playing; ambujaof a lotus flower; hatimstricking; avpnuymI may attain; yenaby which; mmme; cacalena moving; tayaplease srike; locanaof the eyes; kamalalotus; acalenawith the border; apieven. Ka: What austerity should I perform that I may be struck by Your pastime lotus-flower? Please strike Me, even if only with a restless glance from the corners of Your lotus eyes. Text 49 Lalit: hario samappi-a taum kivisi kadha darvalo-ammi die cintra-ae a sapuammi jutto hariato Lord Hari; samappi-ahaving offered; taumthe body; kivisiyou are a miser; kadhamhow is it?; darvalo-ammi in the small glance; diegiven; cintra-aecintmani jewel; na not; sapuammiin the jewelry box; ggahaobstinacy; jutta proper. Lalit: You have offered your body to Ka. Why are You such a miser that You will not even look at Him? A person who gives away a cintmai jewel should not refuse to give the case that holds it.

Text 50 (a) Rdhik: lalide, evva jappanti guru-lo-esu m kkhu ima jaa avaraddha karehi. Vikh: sahi, ksa sakasi. a bhaavad jevva ettha samhadakkh. Lalita: (saharam tmagatam) dihi- pi-a-sah hasidpgataragena kanha ligadi. lalideO Lalit; evvamin this way; jappantitalking; guru-lo-esu before the superiors; mdon't; kkhuindeed; imamthis; jaam person; avaraddhamoffense; karehiperform; sahiO friend; ksa how is it?; sakasiyou are afraid; amthis; bhaavadby the noble Paurams; jevvacertainly; etthahere; samnaat reconciliation; dakkhexpert; sawith; haramjoy; tmagatam aside; dihiby good fortune; pi-adear; sahfriend; hasida smiling; apagaof the sidelong glances; tarangeawith the wave; kahamKa; ligadiembraces. Rdhik: Lalit, please don't blaspheme my elders by talking in this way. Vikh: Friend, why are you afraid? Paurams is expert at pacifying Your elders. Lalit: (joyful, aside) With a smiling sidelong glance my dear friend now fortunately embraces Ka. Text 50 (b) Vikh: (sansktena) lalite, paya paya. a vyomotsagam ainam abhita knti-lahar puro vdraya sumukhi sahas knti-laharm harir vdraya harim api kileya tava sakh sakh prea puro nija-suamaymaayad ayam sasktenain Sanskrit; laliteO Lalit; paya payalook, look; athe moon; vyomaof the sky; utsagamcontact; ainamthe moon; abhitacompletely; kntiof splendor; laharwave; pura in the east; vda-arayamthe forest of Vndvana; sumukhiO beautiful-faced Rdh; sahasat once; kntiof spledor; laharm

wave; hariLord Hari; vdaof Vndvana; arayamthe forest; harimLord Hari; apieven; kilaindeed; iyamthis; tavayour; sakhfriend; sakhmfriend; premafrom love; puraabode; nijaown; suamayawith the great splendor; amadayat decorates; ayamthis. Vikh: (in Sanskrit) Lalit, look! Look! The moon stays in the sky. Waves of splendor flow from the moon. O girl with the beautiful face, Vndvana forest makes those waves of splendor even more beautiful. Ka beautifies Vndvana forest. Your friend makes Ka more glorious. The splendor of Her love decorates your friend and makes Her more beautiful. Text 51 (a) Lalit: haddh haddh. vishe pekkha sasi-kantamaipasdehi jala-prehi sra-p-aa-ve--purado kid-im vilupp-anti alevaamaal-i t ehi. a puppha-ke-ri-a emha. jalaof water; praihby the stream; sraof the sun-god; p-aa for the worship; ve-of the altar; puradain the presence; kid-im performed; vilupp-antiis broken; alevaaof ointments; maalimdecoration; tthere; ehiplease go; amthese; pupphaof flowers; ke-ri-amfield; emhawe should go; niskrantethey exit. Lalit: Alas! Alas! Vikh! Look! The melting candraknta jewels are washing away the sandal-paste ornaments on our altar to the sungod. Come. Let us go to the garden. (Lalit and Vikh exit). Text 51 (b) Ka: ghti). Rdhik: Ka: Rdhik: asi. priye, nednm api vmyd virmas te. (ity acala mucehi mucehi. sah-o ma a-renti. kahore. mayy atra mg-kuru bhaguratm. (sasmitam) de-i sarassa-i, vandijjasi ja sacc jjeva pa-

priyebeloved; nanot; idanimnow; apieven; vamyatfrom contrariness; viramahstop; teof You; mucehi mucehilet go, let

go!; sah-athe two friends; mamame; a-rentiare calling; kahoreO cruel girl; mayitowards me; atrahere; madon't; agkuruaccept; bhaguratmdishonesty; sawith; smitama smile; de-iO goddess; sarassa-iO Sarasvat; jjasiyou are offered obeisances; jambecause; saccthe truth; jjevvaindeed; pa-asi cause to be manifested. Ka: Beloved, don't leave Me now! (Ka clutches the edge of Rdh's garment.) Rdhik: Let go! Let go! My friends are calling Me. Ka: Cruel girl, don't lie to Me. Rdhik: (smiling) O Goddess Sarasvat, I bow down before you. Please show that I speak the truth. Text 51 (c) Ka: (kicid vihasya) padminys te sumukhi parama-prema-saurabhya-puro durotsarp mad-avadhi mud ka-bhgena bheje krnto 'ya tava nava-mukhmbhoja-mdhvika-pnapratybhis tad-avadhi ruvan sabhram bambhramti kicitsomewhat; vihasyalaughing; padminyas splendid as a lotus flowers; teof you; sumukhibeautiful face; parama superexcellent; premalove of Godhead; saurabhyaof the sweet fragrance; purhflood; durafrom a great distance; utsarp appearing; matof Me; avadhiup to; mudwith delight; ka Ka (or black); bhgenaby the bumble-bee; bhejewas enjoyed; krntaapproached; ayamthis; tavayour; navafresh; mukha of the face; ambhojalotus flower; mdhvkaof the sweet nectar; pnaof the drinking; pratybhiwith the hopes; tatthat; avadhi up to; ruvanbuzzing; sabhramwith great respect (or agitation); bambhramiconstantly whirling about; itithus. Ka: (gently laughing) O girl with the beautiful face, You are like a lotus flower. From far away a black bee worshiped the sweetness of Your lotus fragrance. Hoping to taste the nectar of Your lotus mouth, that excited bee buzzes around You. Text 52

kica muktnm upalabhyam eva kucayo slokyam lokya te hitv sagam-hasamasta-suhdm kaivalyam sedivn vaiamya tilam apy anritavato sndrmta-syandibhir m pra kuru tanvi tram anayo syujya-dnotsavai kicafurthermore; muktnmof the pearls; upalabhyam attainable; evaindeed; kucayoon the breasts; slokyamthe liberation of residing at the same place; lokyaobserving; teof you; hitvhaving placed; sagamacontact; ahamI; samastaof all; suhdmof the friends; kaivalyamthe liberation of becoming united; sedivnsitting; vaiamyamunevenness; tilama tiny particle; apieven; anritavatoof those which possess; sandra intense; amtanectar; syandibhiby the trickling; mmto Me; pramfulfilled; kuruplease fo; tanviO beautiful and slender girl; tramquickly; anayoof the two; syujyaof the liberation of constant association; dnaof the gift; utsavaiwith the festivities; rdhikRdh; lajjatebecomes embarrassed. Your pearls have attained slokya liberation, for they live on the same planet as Your breasts. Seeing this, I have abandoned the company of all My friends, and now I desire the same kind of liberation as Your pearls. O slender girl, please fulfill My desire, please give Me a jubilant festival, a festival flowing with streams of nectar, a festival of syujya liberation at Your breasts, which have not taken shelter of even a single sesame seed of ungracefulness. (Rdh becomes embarrassed). Text 53 Ka: priye, paya paya. ap patyu pu-karaa-rasa-pka kumudinkadambnm aga-jvara-haraa-tauadhi-ghaa mgko 'ya kok-pariad-abhicrdhvar-dhur purogn klind-parisara-parikram akarot priyeO beloved; paya payalook, look; apmof the oceans; patyuof the master; punourishment; karaacause; rasathe

nectar; pkadrinking; kumudinof lotus flowers; kadambnmof the multitudes; agaof the limbs; jvarafever; haraaremoving; tacooling; auadhiof medicinal herbs; ghaahpitcher; mgkamoon; ayamthis; kokof cakravaki birds; pariatthe assembly; abhicraof the chanting of mantras; adhvaraof the sacrifice; dhura-purodhthe chief priests; klindto the Yamun river; parisaranear; parikramdecoration and purification; akarot performed. Ka: Beloved, look! Look! The moon, its nectar nourished by the ocean, and its moonlight a medicine to cool the lotus flowers' fever, has come to the Yamun's shore. The moon has become the first priest at a yaja the cakravka birds will perform. Text 54 tad et vsantik-knti-maita-maalasya candramasa candrik-cakra-cumbita vicarvo nikuja-candralikm. (iti nikrntau). (iti niskrnt sarve). tattherefore; etmthis; vsantikarelated to spring; kntiof beauty; maalaby the abundance; maitadecorated; maalasyaof the circle; candramasaof the moon; candrikof the moonlight; cakraby the circle; cumbitmkissed; vicarvalet us go; nikujain the grove; candrakikmto the turret of the house; itithus; niskrntauRdh and Ka exit; itithus; nikrntahexits; sarveall. Let Us go to that pavilion in the forest, a pavilion kissed by the light of the beautiful springtime moon. (Rdh and Ka exit.) (Everyone exits.)

Act Four Veu-haraa Theft of the Flute

Text 1 (a) (tata praviati nndmukh). Nndmukh: bhaidamhi lalid-e "hal ndmuhi, go-maale goha pa-ihe ei kaho tuvaranto go-ahahimuha patthido. t tuma tattha gadu-a su-ala viavehi, jadh eso osare i-avaassassa rhi- sumarvedi" tti. (parikramya) kadha ettha pa-um -accha-i. tatathen; praviatienters; nndmukhNndmukh; bhaidamhiI was told; lalid-eby Lalita; halO; ndmuhi Nandimukhi; go-magalewhen the herd of cows; gohamthe cowpen; pa-iheenters; eiwhen; kahaKa; tuvaranta hurridly; go-ahaaGovardhana hill; ahimuhamnear; patthidais situated; ttherefore; tumamyou; tatthathere; gadu-ahaving gone; su-alamSubala; viavehiplease inform; jadhjust as; esa he; osareon the occasion; i-aown; vaassassaof the friend; rhi-mRdh; sumarvedicauses to remember; ttithus; parikramyawalking; kadhamhow is it?; etthahere; pa-um Padm; -accha-iis coming. Nndmukh: Lalit said to me, "Friend Nandmukh, when the cows enter the pasture, Ka quickly goes near Govardhana Hill. Please go there and tell Subala to remind his friend Ka about Rdh." (Begins to walk.) Why does Padm come here? Text 1 (b) (praviya) Padm: hal ndmuhi, kma kusalsi. t kapi uv-a kadhehi jea uvvigga canda-alm ssemi. praviyaenters; halO; ndmuhiNandmukh; kmam indeed; kusalsiyou are very expert; ttherefore; kapisome; uv-amremedy; kadhehiplease speak; jeaby which; uvvi-ggam agitated; canda-almCandrval; ssemiI may relieve.

Padm: Nndmukh, you are very wise. Please tell me what I should do to pacify agitated Candrval. Text 1 (c) Nndmukhi: ki se uvve-a-klaam. Padm: hal, jsi jjevvtuma jadh padose savva kkhu goula vibbhamea kaho paccaha rajedi. Nndmukh: adha im. Padm: sapada dva ettha dakkhie gohaddhe imassa gandho vi dullaho. kimwhat?; seof her; uvve-aof the agitation; klaamcause; halO; jsiyou know; jjevvamcertainly; tumamyou; jadh just as; padosein the beginning of evening; savvamall; kkhu indeed; go-ulamGokula; vibbhameawith pastimes; kaha Ka; paccahamevery day; rajedicharms and delights; adha im this is certainly so; sapadamat the present time; dvato that extent; etthahere; dakkhiein the southern; gohaddhepart of the pasture; imassaof Him; gandhafragrance; vieven; dullaha is difficult to find. Nndmukh: Why is she agitated? Padm: You know. Every eveing Ka delights the people of Gokula. Nndmukh: Yes. It is so. Padm: Nowadays it is hard to find even the fragrance of Ka in the southern part of Vndvana. Text 1 (d) Nndmukh: hal, m dehi. (sasktena) da bimbita-dhtu-citra-racana aiby lalaa may ym-kuntala-cmara ca viluhad-vanya-srajomaram guj-hra-latrdha-majur adhun bhadr-bhujntas tath tathya viddhi sa ngar-gurur abhd govardhanasytibhi halO; mdon't; dehibecome unhappy; dam seen; bimbitareflected; dhtuwith mineral pigments; citra pictures; racanamconstruction; aibyaiby; lalaam forehead; may

by me; syamaym; kuntalahair; cmaramcamara whisk; ca and; viluhatmoving about; vanyaof forest flowers; srajaby the garland; udmaramexcellent; guj of guj; hranecklace; lat of a creeper; ardhahalf; manjubeautiful; adhunnow; bhadra Bhadr; bhujaof the arm; antathe end (shoulders); tathin the same way; tathyamthe truth; viddhiplease know; saHe; ngar of the beautiful gops; guruthe spiritual master; abhtwas; govardhanasyaof Govardhana Hill; atithithe guest. Nndmukh: Don't worry. I saw aiby, her forehead decorated with pictures and designs. I saw ym, her cmara hair garlanded with forest flowers. I saw Bhadr, her shoulders decorated with a guj necklace. Please know that He who is the teacher of all playful and beautiful girls must now be the guest of Govardhana Hill. Text 2 (nepathye) ktv vasm akhila-jagat-gta-sagta-bhagsg-bhva-prathama-vasati sagin vma-pau ea prem vrajati navannandana nanda-snur manda govardhana -ikharia kandar-mandirya nepathyeoffstage; ktvhaving performed; vamflute; akhilaentire; jagatof the universe; gtasong; sagtathe combination of choral and instrumental music; bhagof the waves; sgcomplete; bhvanature; prathamaoriginal; vasatim residence; saginmfriend; vrajatiis going; nayanaeyes; ananda bliss; nandaof Nanda; sunuthe son (Ka); mandamslowly; govardhanaof Govardhana Hill; ikharinaof the summit; kandar of a cave; mandiryafor a residence. Vnd: (offstage) Holding In His left hand His friend the flute, a flute that has become the home of waves sweet music that splash against all the worlds, and with blissful eyes looking for a cave where He may stay, with great love Nanda's son slowly walks on the summit of Govardhana Hill. Text 3 (a)

Nndmukh: pa-ume, tuma imi vuttantea cand-ali-a suhvehi. aha su-ala ausarissam. (iti nikrnt). Padm: (puna payant). es karl-e ejji--e citta anuvaant vaa-de-ad vund cand-ali-a sacchala ivredi. pu-umeO Padm; tumamyou; imiwith this; vuttantea news; cand-ali-amCandrval; suhvehiplease delight; ahamI; su-alamto Subala; ausarissamshall go; itithus; nikrnt-j-she exits; punaagain; payantilooking; esthis; karl-eof Karala; ajji--eof the pious woman; cittamthe mind; anuvaant following; vaaof the forest; de-adthe demigoddess; vund Vnda-dev; cand-ali-amCandrval; sawith; cchalama trick; ivredihinders. Nndmukh: Padm, with this news please make Candrval happy. I will go to Subala. (Nndmukh exits) Padm: (looking again) Fully aware of what is in Karl's heart, Vnd, the goddess of Vndvana Forest, uses this trick to stop Candrval. Note: Karl is Candrval's grandmother. Text 3 (b) (nepathye) ki rdheva durantam icchasi bald unmadm lambitu mugdhe m maya mnanya-jarat-vkya bahir m vraja ea smera-vilocanacala-ruc cpalyam ullsayann yti vraja-sundar-gaa-mano-mikya-hr hari nepathyeoffstage; kimwhy?; rdhRdh; ivajust like; durantamwretched; icchasido you desire; baltviolently; unmadmmadman; lambitumto embrace; mugdheO bewildered girl; mdon't accept; mnanyaproud; jaratold woman; vkyam words; bahioutside; mdon't; vrajago; eaHe; smera amorous; vilocanaof the eyes; acalaof the corners; rucwith the luster; cpalyamagitation; ullsayancausing to manifest; yatiis arriving; vrajaof Vraja; sundarof the beautiful girls; gaaof the multitude; manahof the mind; mikyathe rubies; hrstealing; hariLord Hari.

Vnd: (offstage) Why, like Rdh, do you yearn to embrace that wretched madman? O bewildered girl, don't listen to the words of that proud old lady. Don't go outside. Robbing Vraja's beautiful girls of the rubies that are their hearts, and His smiling eyes splendid, restless, and mischievous, Ka comes. Text 4 (a) (praviya) Candrval: (sautkya samantd avalokya). kadha vund-e al-a vva vyhar-adi. kudo ettha kaho. (iti kheda nayati). praviyaenters; sawith; autsukyamanxiety; samanttin all directions; avalokyalooking; kadhamhow is it?; vund-eby Vnd; al-ama lie; vvaindeed; vyhar-adiis spoken; kudawhere?; etthahere; kahais Ka; itithus; khedamdistress; nayati represents dramatically. (Candrval enters). Candrval: (eagerly looking in all directions) Why does Vnd lie? Where is Ka? (She becomes distraught.) Text 4 (b) Padm: (upastya, sasktena). na satpa svntd davayasi katha dva-viama ghana-svaai ki v malinayasi bimbdharam api vanntn kekbhi sakhi ikhari-kake mukharayan sakh-sthaly kalyy abhajad upaalya yadu-pati upastyaappoaching; sasktenain Sanskrit; nanot; satpam distress; sva-anttfrom your heart; daayasidrive far away; kathamhow is it?; dva-viamamterrible forest-fire; ghanadeep; svsaiwith sighs; kim vand why?; malinayasiare you polluting; bimbalike bimba fruits; adharamlips; apiand; vanaof the forest; antanthe outskirts; kekbhiwith the cries of teh peacocks; sakhi O friend; ikharion the mountain (Govardhana); kakein the forest; mukharayantalking; sakh-sthalyof the town Sakhisthali; kalyi

O fortunate beautiful girl; abhajathas attained; upaalyamthe vicinity; yaduof the Yadu dynasty; patithe Lord (Ka). Padm: (approaching, she says in Sanskrit) Why not drive that terrible forest-fire from your heart? Why pollute your bimba-fruit lips with those sighs? O beautiful one, making the forest resound with the peacocks' calls, Ka now stays near the village of Sakhsthal, by the side of Govardhana Hill Text 5 (a) Candrval: (vilokya) kadha pi-a-sah pa-um. (iti gdham ligya). avi ma akkhalida bhaid. Padm: adhaim. vilokyaglancing; kadhamhow is it?; pi-adear; sahfriend; paumPadm; itithus; gdhamdeeply; ligyaembracing; avi maperhaps; akkhalidamtruthfully; bhaidspoken; adha imit is certainly so. Candrval: (looking) Is this my dear friend Padm? (tightly embraces her). I hope what you say is true. Padm: Yes, it is true. Text 5 (b) (tata praviati subalennugamyamna ka). Ka: paya paya. akalita-tpas taraer asta-iro-vthibhis tirodhnt asphua-timira-vijmbha prathayati toa nirambha tatathen; praviatienters; subalenaby Subala; anugamyamnafollowed; kaKa; paya payalook, look; akalitafaint; tpaheat; taraeof the sun; astaof the western mountain; iraof the peaks; vthibhiby the series; tirodhnt because of the dissappearance; asphuaunclear; timiraof

darkness; vijmbhathe yawning; prathayatiincreases; toam delight; niaof the evening; arambhathe beginning. (Accompanied by Subala, Ka enters). Ka: Look! Look! The faint sun now sets in the peaks of the western mountains. With it's faint yawning of darkness, the beginning of evening is very pleasing. Text 6 (a) Subala: vaassa, ajja go-dohaa vi aavekkhi-a sallasao vi kiti ettha laddhosi. Ka: sakhe, mayura varnayaa kenacit priy candrval smrito 'smi tad-vilokanya llaseyam. Subala: kerisa mora-vaaam. vaassaO friend; ajjatoday; gaof the cows; dohaammilking; vieven; aavekkhi-aneglecting; sawith; llasathe delight (of performing pastimes); vieven; kitiwhat?; etthahere; laddhosi you have attained; sakheO friend; mayuramthe peacock; varnayatspeaking; kenacitby someone; priymbeloved; candrvalmCandrval; smritareminded; asmiI am; tatof her; vilokanyafor the sight; llasadesire; iyamthis; kerisamlike what?; mora mayuraof the peacocks; vaaamdescription. Subala: Friend, even if You are very happy, if You neglect to milk the cows, what will You gain? Ka: Friend, someone described the peacocks to Me, and that reminded Me of dear Candrval. Now I yearn to see her. Subala: How did he describe the peacocks? Text 6 (b) Ka: unmadena purata ikhain tave pthuni maal-kt paya nindita-mahendra-krmuk ka-candra-cala-candrakvalim

unmadenaintoxicated; puratain the presence; ikhainby a peacock; tavein a frenzied dance; pthuniextensive; maal into a circle; ktmmade; payajust see; ninditacriticized; mahendraof Lord Indra; krmukmthe bow (the rainbow); ka dark; candraof the moon; calamoving; candrakaof peacock feathers; avalimseries. Ka: He said: "Look at the circle-tail (candrakvali) of this wildly dancing peacock, a tail that eclipses even the rainbow." Text 7 (a) Subala: tado -ahaa va-kala ullsehi. (ko vaktre veu vinyasyati). Candrval: (niamya. saghram). savvad suvvantiv vi assudaar vi-a vimhvedi dummuh mural. tadatherefore; -ahaamattractive; vaof the flute; kalamsweet sound; ullsehiplease manifest; kaKa; vaktreto His mouth; venumthe flute; vinyasyatiplaces; niamya having heard; sawith; ghramagitation; savvadaat all times; suvvantivialthough heard; assudaunheard; arpastimes; vi-aas if; vimhvediamazes; dummuhharshly speaking; muralflute. Subala: Please play some sweet music on Your flute. (Ka places the flute to His mouth.) Candrval: (Hearing the sound of the flute, she becomes agitated.) Whenever I hear it, that playful rascal flute fills me with wonder. Text 7 (b) Ka: sakhe subala, adya candrval-prasde tvay mamnuklena bhavitavyam. Subala: adha im. Padm: hal, pekkha. eso veu-sa-e tuma tuvarvedi goulenda-andao.

sakheO friend; subalaSubala; adyanow; candrvalof Candrval; prasdethe favor; tvaybecause of you; mamaof me; nklenaby the favor; bhavitavyammay be; adha imyes, indeed; halO; pekkhalook; esaHe; veu of the flute; sa-e with the signal; tumamto you; tuvarvedihastening; go-ulenda of the king of Gokula; andaathe son (Ka). Ka: Friend Subala, today We will try to please Candrval. Subala: Yes. Padm: Look! With a signal from His flute, Ka, the prince of Gokula, calls you to quickly come to Him. Text 7 (c) Candrval: (vilokya. sasktena). sakhi murali vila-cchidra-pr laghur atikathin tva granthil nirassi tad api bhajas vavac cumbannanda-sndra hari kara-parirambha kena puyodayena vilokyalooking; sansktenain Sanskrit; sakhi muraliO dear friend the flute; vila-jlenawith so many big holes in your body (in other words, full of chidra, which also means "faults"); prfull; laghuvery light; atikahinvery hard in constitution; tvamyou; granthilfull of knots; nraswithout juice; asiare; tat api therefore; bhajasiyou obtain through service; vavatcontinuously; cumbana-nandathe transcendental bliss of kissing by the Lord; sndramintense; hari-kara-parirambhamembracing by the hands of r Ka; kenaby what; puya-udayenameans of pious activities. Candrval: (Looking, she says in Sanskerit) My dear friend the flute, you are actually full of many holes or faults. You are light, hard, juiceless and full of knots. But what kind of pious activities have engaged you in the service of being kissed by the Lord and embraced by His hands?* Text 8 (a)

Ka: (puro dv, snandam) sakhe, seya mama locanendvara-candrik candrval. (iti sdaram upetya). purahahead; dvlooking; sawith; anandambliss; sakhe O friend; sashe; iyamthis; mamaMy; locanaof the eyes; indvaraof the lotus flowers; candrikmoonlight; candrval Candrval; itithus; sawith; adaramrespect; upetya approaching. Ka: (Looking ahead, He happily says) Friend, here is Candrval, the moon who makes My lotus eyes bloom. Text 8 (b) priye, candras tava mukha-bimba candr nakhari kuale candrau nava-candras tu lala satya candrval tvam asi (candrval lajjate). priyeO beloved; candramoon; tavayour; mukhaof the face; bimbamcircle; candrahmoons; nakharifirgernails and toenails; kualetwo earrings; candraumoons; navanew; candramoon; tuand; lalamforehead; satyamin truth; candrval Candrval; tvamyou; asiare; candrvalCandrval; lajjate becomes embarrassed. Beloved, your face is a moon, your fingernails and toenails are moons, and your forehead is a new moon. In truth, you are a host (avali) of moons (candra). (Candrval is embarrassed.) Text 9 (a)

Ka: priye, dua-dnava-damanbhinivet tvan-mukhacandra aprekama ytaym bhavantyo 'pi na yta-ym bhavanti mammr yminya. priyeO beloved; duawicked; dnavaof the demons; daman the curbings; abhinivetbecause of concentration; tvatyour; mukhaof the face; candrammoon; aprekamasyanot seeing; yta-ymuseless; bhavantyahbecause of your; apialthough; na not; yta-ymuseless; bhavantithey are; mamaMy; amu these; yminyanights. Ka: Beloved, unable, because I was busy killing so many demons, to see the moon of your face, I wasted so many nights. Text 9 (b) Candrval: sundara, bhamarassa via- ava-avusrii de pa-id kadha cirsaga-rassu pa-umisu ahiramadu. sundaraO handsome boy; bhamarassaof a bumble-bee; vi-a just like; avanewer; avaand newer; ausrifriends; deYour; pa-idnature; kadhamhow is it?; cirafor a lont time; asaga because of contact; rarsustale; pa-umisuamong the lotus flower; ahiramadumay enjoy. Candrval: Handsome one, You are like a bumble-bee that always seeks a new companion. Why should You play with us? We are like lotus flowers dried-up by Your long absence. Text 9 (c) Ka: priye candrval, pratipad-loke tva sarve navanavsi. tad adya nirvpaya virahottpa parivaga-rasena. priyedear; candrvalO Candrval; pratipatof the beginning; lokein the sight; tvamyour; sarveamof all; navanewer; nava and newer; asiare; tattherefore; adyaat this moment; nirvpayaplease cool; virahaof separation; uttpamthe burning distress; parivagaof an embrace; rasenawith the nectar.

Ka: Dear Candrval, whenever I see you, you are always newer and newer. With the nectar of your embrace please extinguish the flames of separation from you Text 9 (d) Padm: pi-a-sah-virahea kudo tumha tvuppatt. Subala: a-i, m kkhu evva bhaa. eso cand-al-virahea satatto s-al-e jaladhr-e kacche deha ikkhivi-a satio ca-uro via a jjevva cand-ali-a savvado peccha-i vaasso. pi-adear; sahof the friend (Candrval); viraheabecause of the separation; kudawhy?; tumhayour; tvuppattburning distress; a-iAlas; mdon't; kkhuindeed; evvamin this way; bhaaspeak; esaHe; cand-alof Candrval; virahea because of the separation; satattaburning with distress; s-al-e cooling; jaladhr-eof a rain-cloud; kacchein the vicinity; deham body; nikkhivi-ahaving placed; satiathirsty; ca-uracakora bird; vi-alike; amthis; jjevvaindeed; cand-alimCandrval; savvadaeverywhere; peccha-isees; vaassafriend (Kn). Padm: How can it be that Ka is burning in separation from my dear friend? Subala: Don't talk like that. As a thirsty cakora bird throws its body before a cooling, water-filled cloud, so my friend, burning in separation from her, always gazes at Candrval. Text 9 (e) Ka: priye, ryatm. vipinntare milant madhura-ras tala-spar amta-may tvad-virahe samajani mama tpa-nuttaye rdh (iti sabhramam) dhr dhr. priyeO beloved; sryatmthis should be heard; vipinaof the forest; antarewithin; milantassembling; madhurasweet; ras

nectar; talacool; sparto the touch; amtaof nectar; may consisting; tvatof you; virahein the separation; samajanibecame manifested; mamaMy; tpaof the burning distress; nuttayefor removing; rdhRdh; itithus; sabhramambewildered; dhra dhraa stream of water, a stream of water. Ka: Beloved, listen. During our separation, when I was in the forest, there was only one thing to relieve My distress. That thing was full of nectar, cooling to the touch and very sweet. That thing was Rdh. (bewildered) I mean the stream of water, the stream of water! Text 10 (a) Candrval: (sbhyasyam) gaccha, rha jjeva sevehi. Ka: priye, dharety avadam. Candrval: jda kadha doa vaa vivardattaam. Ka: priye, dvayor varayo karayor v vipartatvam ity asminn asti vicra. sawith; abhyasuyamanger and jealousy; gacchago!; rham Rdh; jjevaindeed; sevehiserve!; priyeO beloved; dhraa stream of water; itithus; avadamI said; jdamproduced; kadham how is it?; doamof the two; vaamof the syllables; vivardattanamthe opposite; priyeO beloved; dvayoof the two; varayosyllables; karayoon the ears; vor; vipartatvamthe opposite; itithus; asminin this; astiis; vicraconsideration. Candrval: (With jealous anger) Go! Serve Rdh! Ka: Beloved, I said "water". Candrval: Then why did my ears hear something else? Ka: O beloved, your ears did not hear it right. Text 10 (b) Candrval: (rorua mukham namayya). a-i dna-saua. alam ed-e avahitth-e. ajja appao maahrio suvaa-ju-alassa visdo shu mhur-prida-kaamhi kid. roawith anger; aruamred; mukhamface; namayya bowing; a-iO; dna-saudagenerous; alamwhat is the need; ed-

eof this; avahitth-epretense; ajjatoday; appaaof the self; maahriacaptivating; suvaagold; ju-alassaof the two (earrings); visddabecause of the placing; shuvery well; mhurwith nectar; pritafilled; kaamhimy ears; kid performed. Candrval: (turns down her head, which is now red with anger) O Ka addicted to giving gifts to others, what is the use of pretending? Now my ears are flooded with the sweetness of those two golden syllables, syllables that enchant the heart. Text 10 (c) Ka: yathrtheya v tava cakita-sraga-nayane suvarlankro madhurayati yat te ruti-yugam mukhendor antas te bahir api suvara-cyutir iya mama rotra-dvandva nayana-yugala ckulayati yatha-arthaappropriate; iyamthis; vword; tavayour; cakitatrembling; sragaof a deer; nayaneeyes; suvaraof gold; alankraornament; madhurayatibeautiful; yatbecause; te your; rutiof ears; yugampair; mukhaof the face; indoof the moon; antaend; teof you; bahioutside; apieven; suvaraof the gold; cyutihfalling; iyamthis; mamaMy; rotraof ears; dvandvampair; nayanaof eyes; yugalampair; caand; akulayati confuses. Ka: O girl with eyes like a frightened doe, what you say is right. That golden ornament does make your ears very sweet. The beautiful sound of your name arouses My ears and the golden splendor of your face arouses My eyes. Text 11 (a) Padm: hal appao adiha sumarant m khijjehi. jutto rhurattassa imassa rh-ma-may sakadh. Candrval: (nivasya) sahi pa-ume, evam edam.

halO; appaaof the self; adihammisfortune; sumarant remembering; mdon't; khijjehibecome depressed; jutta appropriate; rhof Rdh; aurattassaof one who is enamored; imassaof Him; rhof Rdh; maof the name; mayi consisting; sakadhspeech; nivasyasighing; sahiO friend; paumePadm; evam edamthis is true. Padm: Ah, don't torture yourself by meditating on Your misfortune. It is natural that boy in love with Rdh will always say the name "Rdh". Candrval: (sighs) Friend Padm, so it is. Text 11 (b) Ka: priye, bham anakanyam evedam. yata. tasya oaa-kalasya oa vallabh sphurati y nabhas-tale rdhay suvadane katha tay sagatir bhuvi mamdya sabhavet priyeO beloved; bhamassuredly; anakanyamnot worthy of suspicion; evaindeed; idamthis; yatabecause; tasyaof Him; oaasixteen; kalasyahaving phases (the moon); aaone sixteenth; vallabhbeloved; sphuratiis manifested; ywho; nabhaof the sky; taleon the surface; rdhayby Rdh; suvadaneO beautiful-faced girl; kathamhow is it; tayby her; sagaticontact; bhuvion the ground; mamaMy; adyanow; sabhavetmay be possible. Ka: Beloved, please don't worry. O girl with the beautiful face, the word "Rdh" means "the beautiful full-moon shining in the sky". How can I, who stand on the earth, meet the moon? Text 12 (a) Padm: ca-u-sahi-kal-slio de a kkhu svi solaha-kalassa vallah dullah

ca-u-sahi64; kalarts; sliaexpert; deof You; anot; kkhuindeed; svisome girl; solaha-kalassaof the moon; vallah beloved; dullahdifficult to attain. Padm: The moon has only sixteen phases, but You are learned in sixty-four arts. It is not so difficult for You to be moon's beloved. Text 12 (b) Ka: (sapraraya avalokya). candrval-vadana-pukara-sagi-gaacandrval-katara-tarka-kalakitgau akkulo 'tra kalayan kamalyatki s kku-lola-hrdaya pravismi nham sawith; prarayamhumbleness; avalokyaglancing; candrval of Candrval; vadanaof the face; pukaralotus flower; sagi contact; gaacheeks; candrautwo moons; alkataravery false; tarkalogic; kalakitapolluted; agaulimbs; akawith plaintive words; lolaagitated; hdayaheart; pravimienter; nanot; ahamI. Ka: (looking with love and respect) O girl with the lotus eyes, when I see in the sky of Candrval's face the two moons of her cheeks become blackened by this twisted logic, My heart trembles. Agitated with many fears, I cannot be happy. Text 13 (a) Candrval: (savyja-prasdam) de-a, a kkhu go-ula-jaa-jaa-bhdassa de savva-suha-krid-gua k kkhu hada-buddhi- a sahadi. t ipphalea sako-ea sdako hohi. sawith; vyjafeigned; prasdammercy; de-aO Lord; nanot; kkhuindeed; go-ulaof Gokula; jaaof the people; j-aathe life; bhdassaproduced; deof You; savvaall; suhaauspiciousness; kridathe state of doing; gunamquality; nanot; kkhuindeed; hadastruck; buddhi-intelligence; anot; sahadiis able to

control; ttherefore; ipphaleauseless; sako-eawith shrinking away; mdon't; sdakafrightened; hohibecome. Candrval: (pretending to be merciful) Lord, what foolish girl is not delighted by the all-auspicious qualities of You, the life of Gokula's people. Please don't be frightened and needlessly turn from me. Text 13 (b) Ka: (svagatam) garihm api manyu-mudr dhreya mukha-mdhuryea nihnute. (prakam) priye ktam anena gauravaviodgrea. rookti-mdhvkam eva vara variham. svagatamaside; garihmmost intense; apialthough; manyu of anger; mudrmsymptoms; dhrasober; iyamshe; mukhaof the face; mdhuryeawith pleasentness; nihnutedenies; prakam openly; priyeO beloved; ktamuseless; anenawith this; gaurava intense; viaof poison; udgrenawith the spitting; roaangry; uktiwords; mdhvkamsweet nectar; evaindeed; varam excellent; varihambest. Ka: (aside) With a sweet face this very polite girl hides the signs of her ferocious anger. (openly) Beloved, what is the use of this poison of polite words? The mdhvka nectar of angry words is much sweeter. Text 13 (c) Candrval: go-ulanda, tumha purado muha dasedu a pahavmi. ja pragabbha vharant avaraddhammi t ghara gamissam. Ka: (snunayam) priye, prasda prasda. baddho 'yam ajali. go-ulaof Gokula; anandaO bliss; tumhaYour; purada presence; muhamface; dasedumto show; anot; pahavmiI am not able; jambecause; prabbhamarrogant; vharant speaking; avaraddhammiI am an offender; ttherefore; gharam home; gamissamI shall go; sawith; anunayaman appeal; priyeO beloved; prasdabe merciful, be merciful; baddhafolded; ayam these; ajalifolded hands.

Candrval: Bliss of Gokula, I have no power to show my face before You. I spoke arrogantly. I am an offender. Therefore I will go home. Ka: (appealing) Beloved, be kind. Be kind. I am folding My hands. Text 13 (d) Candrval: suha-a, ujju-a vi-harantm ksa m al-a sakasi. t aujehi ma bhadda-l-dasaassa. (iti padmay saha nikrnt). suhaO fortunate one; ujju-amin a straightforward way; viharantmspeaking; ksawhy?; mmme; al-amuntrue; sakasi You suspect; ttherefore; aujehiplease give permission; mm to me; bhadda-lof Bhadrakl; dasaassafor the purpose of seeing; itithus; padmayPadm; sahaalong with; nikrnt exits. Candrval: O handsome one, I speak the truth. Why do You fear I am tricking You? Please give me permission to see the deity of Goddess Bhadrakl. (Accompanied by Padm, Candrval exits.) Text 13 (e) Ka: sakhe, mahnubhvm et mac-citta-mahkacandrvalm api balyas-tamakandalbhir avaskanditm lokya nirloko 'smi. Subala: pi-a-vaassa, kiti evva bhasi. s kkhu adakkhi a diha. sakheO friend; mahagreat; anubhvmsplendor; etmthis; matMy; cittaof the mind; mahgreat; akain the sky; candrvalmCandrval; apialthough; balyamore powerful; tama-kandalbhiby the dark rahu planets; avaskanditm eclipsed; lokyahaving seen; nirlokaunable to see; asmiI am; pi-adear; vaassafriend; kimtiwhy indeed?; evvamin this way;

bhasiYou are speaking; sshe; kkhuindeed; adakkhin cunning; anot; dihaseen. Ka: Friend, the glorious Candrval-moons I once saw shining in the sky of My heart were attacked by many powerful Rhu planets. I see them no more. Now I stand in the darkness. Subala: Friend, why do You talk like that? No longer need You look at that unpleasant girl. Text 13 (f) Ka: sakhe, bha durh mahyas prakti. tathednm. nyaviata nayannte kpi sralya-nih vacasi ca vinayena stotra-bhag nyavtst ajani ca mayi bhyn sabhramas tena tasy vyavuta hdi manyu sushu dksiyam eva sakheO friend; bhamgreatly; durhdifficult to understand; mahyammof the great; praktithe nature; tathatherefore; idnmnow; nyaviataentered; nayanaof the eyes; anteon the corner; ka apisome girl; sralyato honesty; nihafaithful; vacasi in words; caand; vinayenawith humbleness; stotraprayers; bhagwave; nyavtstheld; ajaniwas produced; caand; mayi in Me; bhuyngreat; sabhramareverence; tenaby him; tasy of her; vyavutamanifested; hdiin the heart; manyumanger; susthugreatly; dksiyamcleverness; evaindeed. Ka: Friend, the nature of great souls is is not easy to understand. Honest respect she keeps in the corners of her eyes. Prayers she humbly keeps in her voice. Respectful to Me, she politely hides the anger in her heart. Text 14 (a) tad ehi manorrii, tasmin keara-knje niviya candrvalsagomapyam ag-karomi. (iti parikramya) sakhe, seya bakulvalimajul nikuja-vth. paya paya.

tattherefore; ehiplease go; manohriniO beautiful girl; tasmin in that; kearaof bakula trees; kujein the grove; niviyahaving entered; candrvalwith Candrval; sagamacontact; upyam remedy; ag-karomiI shall accept; itithus; parikramyaHe walks; sakheO friend; sashe; iyamthis; bakulaof bakula trees; avali with a multitude; majulcharming; nikujaof groves; vthseries; paya payalook, look. Come. Entering this grove of bakula trees, I will plan a strategy to meet Candrval again. (They walk.) Friend, this forest path is beautiful with many bakula trees. Look! Look! Text 14 (b) sphurati saro dakiata savye vpi samntata kaly iti kearavya pramada nrdhik kurute sphuratiglittering; sarahlake; dakiatafrom the right side; savyeon the left; vpia pond; samantatain every direction; kulycanals; itithus; kearaof bakula trees; aaviforest; iyam this; pramadamdelight; nraof water; dhikabundance; kurute performs. On the right is a glittering lake. On the left many small canals in every direction. This water-filled forest of bakula trees is very pleasant. Note: The word "nrdhik" may also be divided n-rdhik" (without Rdh). In this way r Rdh is mentioned indirectly. Text 15 (a) Subala: (svagatam) laddho ma-e osaro. (prakam) vassa, sarhi- jjevva tuha pamadam kura-i kiti rhi- tti bhasi. svagatamaside; laddhaattained; ma-eby me; osara opportunity; prakamopenly; vaassaO friend; sarhi- accompanied by Rdh; jjevvacertainly; tuhaYour; pamadam

delight; kura-iperforms; kimtiwhy indeed?; r hi-without Rdh; ttithus; bhasiYou say. Subala: (aside) Now is my chance. (openly) Friend, if Rdh were here, it would be very pleasant. Why do You say that it would be pleasant "without Rdh?". Note: Subala here assumes the second meaning of the word "nrdhik" (without Rdh). Text 15 (b) Ka: (subalam ligya) sakhe, satya bhavi. tad adya rdhik yathem keara-nikuja-lakmm alakaroti tath mad-gir sadiyatm lalit. Subala: taha tti. (iti nikrnta). subalamSubala; ligyaembraces; sakheO friend; satyamthe truth; braviyou speak; tattherefore; adyanow; rdhikRdh; yathajust as; immthis; kearaof bakula trees; nikujaof the grove; lakmmthe beauty; alakarotidecorates; tathin that way; matMy; girby the words; sadiyatamshould be instructed; lalitLalit; taha ttiyes; itithus; nikrntahe exits. Ka: (embraces Subala) Friend, you say the truth. Rdh would make this bakula forest beautiful. To Lalit please repeat My words. Subala: So be it. (He exists.) Text 15 (c) (tata praviati padm madhumagala ca). Madhumagala: pa-ume, ma-e ajja vaassea cu-ri aund vi candval a pasaa. Padm: adha i tatathen; praviatienters; padmPadm; madhumagala Madhumangala; caand; pa-umeO Padm; sudamheard; ma-eby me; ajjatoday; vaassenaby the friend (Ka); cu-ri

speaking flattering words; audappealed; vialthough; candvalCandrval; anot; pasaasatisfied; adha-imyes, it is true. (Padm and Madhumagala enters). Madhumagala: Padm, I heard that even though He flattered her with many sweet words, today Candrval was not pleased with my friend. Padm: Yes, it is true. Text 15 (d) Madhumagala: a vaasso vi sisaa vaa-i. t jutt doa sagame amha saha-rid. Padm: ajja, ado jjevva ma-e ausaridosi. amnow; vaassamy friend (Ka); viindeed; visaam dejected; vaa-ihas become; ttherefore; juttfitting; doam of the two; sagamein the meeting; amhamof us two; saha-rid assistance; ajjaO pious boy; ado jevvafor this reason; ma-eby me; ausaridosiyou are followed. Madhumagala: Now my friend is unhappy. We should bring the two of Them togather again. Padm: Saintly one, you lead, and I will follow you. Text 15 (e) Madhumagala: (puro dv) pa-ume, pekkha eso pi-a-vaasso chappada-metta-sah-o kesara-kuage kipi mantedi. Padm: ajja, lad-jlehi antarid bhavi-a suamha ki eso bhaaditti. (iti tath sthitau). puraahead; dvahaving looked; pa-umeO Padm; pekkha look; esaHe; pi-adear; vaassafriend; chappadawith a bumble-bee; mettaexclusive; sah-acompanion; kesaraof bakula trees; kuagein the grove; kipisomething; mantediis

speaking; ajjaO pious boy; ladof the creepers;; jlehimby the networks; antaridin the middle; bhavi-ahaving gone; suamha we shall hear; kimwhat; esaHe; bhaadittiis saying; itithus; tathin that way; sthitausituated. Madhumagala: (looking ahead) Padm, look! In this bakula forest my dear friend now talks to a bumble-bee. Padm: Saintly one, let us hide in this network of vines and listen to Him talk. (They both do that.) Text 15 (f) Ka: (rdhm smaran. sotkaham). prasarati yad bhr-cpe lathajyam akarot smaro dhanu paupam madhurima-mai-maj bhyai me priy sstu rdhmRdh; smaranremembering; sawith; utkaham agitation; prasaratiextending; yatbecause; bhrof the eyebrows; cpein the bow; lathajyamgreatly loosened; akarotperformed; smarahcupid; dhanubow; paupamfashioned from flowers; madhurimaof charm; maiof the jewels; majathe chest; bhyatifor an ornament; meof Me; priybeloved; sashe; astu may be. Ka: (Remembering Rdh, Ka becomes filled with longing.) I wish My beloved, who is a treasury of the jewels of sweetness, and from the bow of whose raised eyebrows Kmadeva shoots arrows of flowers, would become an ornament decorating Me. Text 16 (a) Madhumagala: pa-ume, eso ukkath-e tujjha pi-a-sah cce-a vaedi. t ehi. turida gadu-a a samemha. Padm: ajja, suhu ihakida suamha ja bahu-vallaho eso.

pa-umeO Padm; esaHe; ukkah-ewith longing; tujjha Your; pi-adear; sahmfriend (Candrval); cce-acertainly; vaediis describing; ttherefore; ehiplease go; amto her; samemhaclearly; ihakidamspoken; suamhawe have heard; jamwhat; bahuvery; vallahaaffectionate; esaHe. Madhumagala: Padm, with great longing He describes your dear friend. Let us go and being her at once. Padm: Saintly one, without doubt we heard Him say He loves her. Text 16 (b) Ka: (puna sautsukyam) s mukha-suam nirjitark-candr val-lasan-madhy (ity ardhokte) punaagain; sawith; autsukyamlonging; sshe; mukha face; suamvery beautiful; nirjitaconquered; rk-candrthe full moon (or Candrval); valibeutiful wrinkles; lasatmanifesting; madhyon the waist; itithus; ardhamiddle; uktein the speech. Ka: (Again with longing) The beauty of her face defeats the full moon. Her waist is beautiful with three folds. (Ka stops in the middle). Note: If the second line is divided "rk-candrval lasan-madhy", these words mean "Her face is beautiful. She eclipses Candrval. Her waist is beautiful." Text 16 (c) Madhumagala: pa-ume, ala ida imdo parea sudea tua gacchamha. Padm: jutta kadhesi. (ity ubhau javena dra parikrmata).

pa-umeO Padm; alamenough!; idamwith this; imdafrom this place; pareawith further; sudeawith hearing; tuam quickly; gacchamhalet us go; juttamappropriately; kadhesiyou speak; itithus; ubhauthe two; javenaquickly; dramfar away; parikrmatawalk. Madhumagala: Padm, why should we listen any more? Let us quickly go. Padm: What you say is right. (They quickly walk far away). Text 16 (d) Ka: muhur dhsyati rdh mad-urasi rasik tmanam muhurmoment; dhsyatiwill place; rdhRdh; matMy; urasion the chest; rasikbeautiful; kimwill?; tmanam personally. Ka: When will beautiful Rdh embrace My chest? Text 17 (a) Padm: ajja, evvam bhami. mi-e pi-a-sah-e sa-a samameja lhava hodi. t parvai-a kaha viavehi. ajjaO pious boy; evvamin this way; bhamiI speak; mi-e proud; pi-adear; sah-eof the friend (Candrval); sa-am personally; sam-amenawith the meeting; lhavamrightness; hodi will be; ttherefore; parvai-ahaving returned; kahamto Ka; viavehiplease inform. Padm: O saintly one, this I say: My proud friend may treat Ka lightly when He goes to her. Please go and tell Ka this.

Text 17 (b) Madhumagala: sohaa mantesi. (iti kntim sdya). pi-avaassa, pacchaea bhavi-a savva de a-aida ma-e ukkhahvaaa. t avehi. ta jjevva tujjha vallaham turi-a samemi. sohaamthe proper thing; mantesiyou are speaking; itithus; kaKa; antimthe presence; sdyaattains; pi-adear; vaassaO friend; pacchaenaby hidding; bhavi-ahaving become savvamall; deof You; aidamheard; ma-eby me; ukkahof longing; va-aamwords; tthat; avehiplease order; tamher; jjevvacertainly; tujjhaYour; vallahambeloved; turi-amquickly; samemiI shall bring. Madhumagala: You speak well. (Madhumagala approaches Ka). Dear friend, by eavesdropping I heard Your words of longing. Please order me, and I will quickly bring Your beloved. Text 17 (c) Ka: (salgham ligya) sakhe, mad-anugrahea ghram naya. (Madhumagala parikramya padmay saha nikrnta). sawith; lghampraise; ligyaembracing; sakheO friend; matMy; anugrahenawith blessings; ghramquickly; naya bring; madhumagalaMadhumagala; parikramyawalking about; padmayby Padm; sahaaccompanied; nikrntaexits. Ka: (Glorifies and embraces Madhumagala) Friend, I bless you. Please quickly bring Her. (Accompanied by Padm, Madhumagala walks offstage.) Text 17 (d) Ka: aho paramotkahn premm utkah-kritvam.

bhramare 'pi gujati nikuja-koare manute manas tu mai-npura-dhvanim anilena cacati tcale 'pi tm purata priym upagat viankate ahaO; paramasupreme; utkahnmof longing; premm of love; utkahof longing; kritvamthe cause; bhramare bumble-bees; apieven; gujatibuzzes; nikujaof the grove; koare in the interior; manuteconsiders; manahmind; tubut; mai jewelled; npuraankle-bells; dhvanimsound; anilenaby the wind; cacatimoves; taof the grass; acalethe border; apieven; tm her; puratapresence; priymbeloved; upagatmarrived; viakatesuspect. Ka: Ah! I am overcome by the yearnings of love! When a bumble-bee hums in the grove, my heart thinks it is My beloved's tinkling anklets. When the grass moves in the wind. My heart thinks My beloved has come. Text 18 (a) (tata praviati padm-madhumagalbhy sagat candrval). Candrval: hal pa-ume, ki eso ba-ula-kuago dsa-i. Padm: adha im. t ta ehi. (iti parikrmati). tatathen; praviatienters; padmby Padm; madhumagalbhymand Madhumagala; sagataccompanied; candrvalCandrval; halO; pa-umePadm; kimwhat; esa this; ba-ulaof bakula trees; kuagagrove; dsa-iis seen; adha imyes, indeed; ttherefore; tamquickly; ehigo there; iti thus; parikrmatishe walks. (Accompanied by Padm and Madhumagala, Candrval enters). Candrval: Padma, is that the bakula forest I see? Padm: Yes. Let us quickly go there. (They walk there.) Text 18 (b)

Ka: (npura-ravam karya) hanta, bhrio bhrmito 'smi bhramar-jhakrai. tad ala vth pratyudgama-sabhramea. (ity udvega nayan). npuraof the ankle-bells; ravamthe sound; karyahearing; hantaO; bhriagreatly; bhrmitabewildered; asmiI am; bhramarof the bumble-bees; jhakraiby the buzzing; tat therefore; alamenough; vthuselessly; pratyudgamaappearing; sabhramenawith this bewilderment; itithus; udvegamagitation; nayanrepresenting dramatically. Ka: (Hears the tinkling of the anklets) Ah, I am fooled by buzzing of the bees. I foolishly think She has come. (He is agitated.) Text 18 (c) pura-phalym y jana kma viambyate sanne hi ghanrambhe dvi-gua ranti ctaka purain the presence; phalymwhen the fruit; ymwhen the hope; (or in the sky); janaa person; kmamindeed; viambyateis deceived; sannenear; hiindeed; ghanaof clouds; arambhein the beginning; dvi-guamtwo kinds; rauticries; ctakacatake bird. When there is a little hope, desire increases. When the clouds come, the cataka birds cry twice as loud. Text 19 (a) (punar utkaro bhavan). katham abhyare bhana-ijita ryate. (ity udgrvikm datv. sasabhramam). satyam asau milit me preyas. (iti taras candrval-prvam gatya). punaagain; utkara-bhavanbecomes attentive; kathamhow is it?; abhyarenearby; bhaaof ankle bells; ijitamtinkling; ryateis heard; itithus; udgrvikmcraning His neck with expectation; datvhaving done; sawith; sabhramamagitation;

satyamin truth; asaushe; militarrived; meMy; preyas beloved; itithus; tarasquickly; candrvalof Candrval; prvamthe side; gatyagoes. (He becomes very attentive). Why do I hear tinkling ornaments? (Craning His neck with expectation, He is excited.) My beloved has come! (Ka rushes to Candrval's side). Text 19 (b) hd-bhga-jagama-lat magala-bh rdhik mayonmudit (ity ardhokte). htof the heart; bhgathe bumble-bee; jagamamoving; lat creeper; magalaauspiciousness; bhradiance; rdhikRdh; mayaby Me; unmuditjdelighted; itithus; ardha-uktehalfspoken. Now I see the flowering vine where the bumblebee of My heart flies. Now I see glorious and auspicious Rdh, who, . . . (Ka stops in mid-sentence.) Text 19 (c) (Candrval seryam madhumagalam lokate.) Madhumagala: sahi cand-ali, magala-bhrea adhi-si ti pi-avaasso tuma vaedi. candrvalCandrval; sawith; iryamanger; madhumagalamat Madhumagala; lokateglances; sahiO friend; cand-aliCandrval; magalaof auspiciousness; bhreawith the abundance; adhi-siyou are; congratulated; tithus; piadear; vaassathe dear friend (Ka); tumamyou; vaediis describing. (Candrval angrily glances at Madhumagala).

Madhumagala: Friend Candrval, you are glorious. Our dear friend describes you. Text 19 (d) Ka: (savailakyam tmagatam). hanta, katham anena candrvalr evbhisrit, bhavatu. cavunoktam eva nirvhaymi. sawith; vailakyamembarrassment (Because of the awkward situation); tmagatamaside; hantaO; kathamhow is it?; anena by him; candrvalCandrval; evaindeed; abhisrithas been brought; bhavatulet it be; cavunawith flattering words; uktam spoken; evaindeed; nirvhaymiI shall perform. Ka: (Surprised, He says to Himself:) Ah, why did he bring Candrval? I will flatter her. Text 19 (e) (prakam) suhd-anurga-vitandr candrvalir ajaslambhi suhtof the friend; anurgathe love; vitandrawakened; candrvalCandrval; ajasasuddenly; alambhiarrived. (He says openly:) Her love awakened, My friend Candrval has quickly come. Text 20 (Candrval salajja ka-kahe vaijayant vinyasyati). Ka: (snandam) eka pryati paricarya cakora-rji candra priye nija-manoratha-pra-prtim

candrval kim u mamki-cakorayos tva prtij dvayor api na dhsyati sevyamn] candrvalCandrval; sawith; lajjamembarrassment; ka of Ka; kaheon the neck; vaijayantmVaijayanti garland; vinyasyatiplaces; sawith; nandambliss; ekamone; pryati attains; paricaryahaving worshiped; cakoraof cakora birds; rji multitude; candram moon; priyeO beloved; nijaown; manoratha of desires; pura the flood; purtimfulfilling; candrvalO Candrval ( multitude of moons); kim uhow much more?; mama My; akiof the eyes; cakorayoof the two cakora birds; tvamyou; prtimdelight; dvayoof the two; apieven; nanot; dhsyatiwill place; sevyamnbeing served. (Embarrassed, Candrval places a Vaijayant garland on Ka's neck). Ka: (joyful) By worshiping a single moon, a flock of cakora birds finds all its desires fulfilled. O Candrval, you are a great multitude of moons. Why should the two cakora birds of My eyes not find bliss by serving you? Text 21 (a) Madhumagala: (sagarvam) bho vaassa, diha tu-e majjha vilakkhaa-vi-akkhaad, jo kkhu ananta-gua-slivi tu-e mo--idu a prido so pi-a-sah-e ma-gah a-a-gua-dhri ma-e movido. sawith; garvampride; bhaO; vaassafriend; dihaseen; tu-eby You; majjhamy; vilakkhaaabundant; vi-akkhaad sagacity; jawho; kkhuindeed; nantaunlimited; guavirtues; slivialthough endowed; tu-eby You; mo--idumto release; a not; pridain any way; sahe; pi-adear; sah-etowards the friend; magahoffence; a-anew; guaqualities; dhripossessing; ma-eby me; mo-vidareleased. Madhumagala: (proud) Friend, now You see how clever I am. Although Your virtues are endless, You could not untie Your dear friend's knot of jealous anger. I, a reservoir of ever-new virtues, untied it.

Text 21 (b) Ka: vayasya, tvam uddaa-kusuma-kodaa-vilsa-guye mahsndhi-vigrahilo 'si. Padm: ajja, puro paphull-i mall-pupph-i papphuranti. t ehi, im-i gehamha. (ity ubhau nikrntau). vayasyaO friend; tvamyou; uddadaextraordinary; kusuma of flowers; kodaabow; vilsain the pastimes; -guyein the six diplomatic maneuvers; mah-sdhi-vigrahikathe minister of peace and war; asiyou are; ajjaO pious boy; purain the presence; paphullblossomed; mallmall; pupph-imflowers; papphurantiare manifest; ttherefore; ehiplease go; imthese; gehamhalet us pick; itithus; ubhauthe two; nikrntauexit. Ka: Friend, when Kmadeva, who holds a fearsome bow of flowers, considers his six kingly strategies, you are his prime minister of war and peace. Padm: (Speaking to Madhumagala) Saintly friend, ahead of us are many blossoming jasmineflowers. Come. Let us pick them. (Padm and Madhumagala exit). Text 21 (c) Ka: (svagatam) kuje 'smin ngatamtr rdh tarkaymi. tad anyata prasthsye. (prakam) priye, purastn ntidre ngararagocit nga-kesarav. tad atraivnusarva. (iti nikrntau). svagatamaside; kujegrove; asminin this; nanot; agatamtrmarrived; rdhmRdh; tarkaymiI can guess; tat therefore; anyatasomewhere else; prasthsyeI shall go; prakam openly; priyeO beloved; purasttfrom this place; nanot; ati very; drefar away; ngaraa city; ragaarena; ucitsuitable; naga-kesaraof fragrant naga-kesara trees; aavforest; tat therefore; atrathere; evaindeed; anusarvalet us go; itithus; nikrntauthey exit.

Ka: (aside) I think Rdh is not in this forest. I will go to another forest. (openly) Beloved, not far ahead is a nga-keara forest right for Our amorous pastimes. Let Us go there. (Candrval and Ka exit.) Text 21 (d) (tata praviati lalitay saha sakathayant rdh). Rdh: hal, pekkha pekkha. anda-rehi gholida savva dismuham. Lalit: pi-a-sahi. timirhisrecidehi slama-ppashaehi maido tu-e ki kkhu app. Rdhik: adha im. tatathen; praviatienters; lalitayby Lalit; saha accompanied; sakathayanttalking; rdhRdh; halO; pekkha pekkhalook, look; andha-rehimwith darkness; gholidammade terrible; savvamall; disof the directions; muhamthe face; pi-a dear; sahiO friend; timirain the darkness; ahisraa secret rendezvous; ucidehimappropriate; slamadark; ppashanehim with ornaments; maidadecorated; tu-eby you; kimwhether; kkhuindeed; appthe self; adha imyes, it is so. (Talking to Lalit, Rdh enters). Rdh: Friend, look! Look! Every direction is covered by terrible darkness. Lalit: Dear friend, do You wear dark ornaments right for secretly meeting someone in the darkness? Rdh: Yes. Text 21 (e) Lalit: (vilokya sasmitam. sasktena). dhammillopari nlaratna-racito hras tvay ropito vinyasta kuca-kumbhayo kuvalaya-re-kto garbhaga age kalpitam ajana vinihit kastrik netrayo kasrer abhisra-sambhrama-bharn manye jagad-vismtam

vilokyaglancing; sawith; smitama smile; saktenain Sanskrit; dhammillathe braided hair; upariabove; nlaratnawith sapphires; racitafashioned; hranecklace; tvayby you; ropita placed; vinyastaof blue lotus flowers; sreniinto a garland; kta fashioned; anjanamblack cosmetics; vinihitaplaced; kasturika musk; netrayoon the eyes; kamsaof Kamsa; areof the enemy (Ka); abhisaraof the secret rendezvous; sambhramawith the agitation; bharatbecause of the great abundance; manyeI consider; jagatthe universe; vismtamis forgotten. Lalit: (She glances, smiles, and says in Sanskrit:) A necklace of sapphires decorates Your braids. A garland of blue lotus flowers rests on Your waterpot breasts. On Your limbs is sandal paste. Around Your eyes is musk. I think that, yearning to meet Ka, You have forgotten the world. Text 22 (a) Rdhik: hal, mucehi parihsa. turi-a uddesehi kesarakuaga-maggam. halO; mucehiplease give up; parihsamjoking; turi-am quickly; uddesehiindicate; kesaraof naga-kesara trees; kuaga to the grove; maggamthe path. Rdh: Please don't joke. Quickly show Me the path to the ngakeara forest. Text 22 (b) Lalit: ido ido pi-a-sah. (iti parikrmant saakam. sansktena). timira-masibhi savtgya kadamba-vanntare sakhi mura-ripu puytmna saranty abhisrik tava tu parito vidyud-vars tanu-dyuti-scayo hari hari ghana-dhvntnyet svavairii bhindate ido idahere, here; pi-adear; sahifriend; itithus; parikrmantwalks; sawith; akamfear; sasktenain Sanskrit; timiraof darkness; masibhiwith dark ointments; savta

concealed; agyalimbs; kadambaof kadamba trees; vanaof the forest; antarein the interior; sakhiO friend; muraof the Mura demon; ripumthe enemy (Ka); puyapure; tmanahsouls; saratigo; abhisrikhgoing to the rendezvous; tavayour; tubut; paritaeverywhere; vidyutof lightning; varncolor; tanuof the form; dyutisplendor; sucayasharp needles; hari hariO Rdh, O Rdh; ghanaintense; dhvntnidarkness; etathese; svaown; vairiienemy; bhindatebreak. Lalit: This way. This way, dear friend. (Lalit gingerly walks) Friend, their limbs anointed with dark cosmetics, many saintly girls go to meet Ka in the kadamba forest. Alas, alas, the lightning splendor of Your limbs has become Your enemy. Now it breaks the darkness. Text 23 Rdhik: ala imi uvlambhea. pekkha paccsao ba-ulakuago. (iti sabhramd upastya saparmaram. sasktena). vidrn na ghra madayati murre parimalo na kuje 'yam tasya sphurati nakhara-dyoti-nikarai tata ake kasminn api rahasi vall-valayite parihsk priya-sakhi nilnas tava sakh alamenough!; imiwith this; uvlambheawith harsh words; pekkhalook!; paccsaanear; ba-ulaof bakula trees; kuaga grove; itithus; sabhramtwith agitation; upastyahaving approached; sawith; pargreat; amaramimpatience; sasktena in Sanskrit; vidrtfrom a great distance; nanot; ghramsense of smell; madayatiexcites; murreof Lord Murr (Ka, the killer of the Mura demon); parimalahfragrance; nanot; kujein the grove; ayamthis; tasyaof Him; sphuratiis manifest; nakaraof the fingernails and toenails; dyotiof the effulgence; nikaraiby the abundance; tatatherefore; sankeI suspect; kasmin apiin some; rahasisecret place; vallby creepers; valayiteenclosed; parihsa to joke; akadesiring; priyadear; sakhiO friend; nilna hiding; tavayour; sakhfriend. Rdh: Stop mocking Me! Look! The bakula forest stands before Us. (She walks quickly and passionately. Then She says in Sanskrit:) From afar Ka's fragrance does not make the nose mad with bliss. The forest is not filled with the splendor of His fingernails and toenails.

Dear friend, I suspect your friend, wishing to play a joke, now hides behind some flowering vine. Text 24 (a) Lalit: hal, ehi. vmado kadamba-kuaga vi-iamha. Rdhik: (tath kurvat) a-i cha-illa, dihosi dihosi, kisa agehi ag-i sagovesi. (iti samantn mgayati). Lalit: sahi, muca maggaa-ggaham. ehi keli-kuaga-kappaa kuamha. halO; ehicome here; vmadaon the left; kadambaof kadamba trees; kuagamgrove; vi-aamhawe see; tathin that way; kurvatdoing; a-iO; cha-illaclever boy; dihosi dihosi You are seen, You are seen; kisawhy?; agehimby the limbs; agimlimbs; sagovesiare You hiding; itithus; samanttin all directions; mgayatisearching; sahiO friend; mucaplease abandon; maggaaof searching; ggahamobstinate whim; ehi come here; keli-kuagaof Keli-kuja; kappaamthe decoration; kuamhalet us perform. Lalit: Ah! Come. Let's examine these kadamba trees on the left. Rdh: (Does that.) Clever, playful rascal, I see You. I see You. Why do You hide Your limbs? (Rdh searches everywhere.) Lalit: Friend, give up searching. Come. Let's decorate the pastimeforest. Text 24 (b) Rdhik: (sansktena) racaya bakula-pupais toraa keli-kuje kuru varam aravindais talpam indvarki upanaya ayannta sdhu mdhvka-ptrm sahacari harir adya lghat kauala te sasktenain Sanskrit; racayaplease construct; bakulabakula; pupaiwith flowers; toraaman archway; keli-kunjein Keli-kuja; kuruplease construct; varamexcellent; aravindaiwith lotus flowers; talpamcouch; indvaralotus; akieyes; upanayaplease bring; ayanaof the couch; antamto the edge; sdhunicely;

mdhvkaof sweet nectar; ptrma cup; sahacariO friend; hari Lord Hari; adyatoday; laghatmmay praise; kaualamthe expertise; teof you. Rdh: (in Sanskrit) Make a bakula-flower archway in the pastime forest. O Lotus-eyed friend, make a couch of blue lotus flowers. Place a cup of mdhvka nectar by the couch. Friend, today Ka will praise your skill. Text 25 (a) Lalit: (tath ktv) hal, pekkha. kaho vilambedi. t kuja pavisi-a a paivlemha. tathin that way; ktvhaving done; halO; pekkhalook; kahaKa; vilambediis delayed; ttherefore; kujamthe grove; pavisi-ahaving entered; amHim; paivlemhawe should wait. Lalit: (She does that.) Ah! Look! Ka is late. Lets enter the forest and wait for Him. Text 25 (b) Rdhik: (parikramya. udvega aayant. sasktena). ruddha kvpi sakh-hitrtha-paray ake hari padmay prpta kuja-gham yad esa na tamyme 'py atikrmati paulom-ratibandhu-di-mukham asan h hanta satarpayann unmlaty abhisra-lubdha-raman-gotrasya atru a (ity ubhe nikrnte). parikramyawalking about; udvegamagitation; nayat represents dramatically; sasktenain Sanskrit; ruddha obstructed; kva apiat some place; sakhof the friend; hita-artha to the welfare; paraydevoted; akeI suspect; hariLord Hari; padmayby Padm; prptaattained; kujain the grove; gham a cottage; yatbecause; esahHe; nanot; tamthere; ymewe should go; apialthough; atikrmatihe goes beyond; paulomof

Paulomi (Saci); rati-bandhuof the husband (Indra); dik-mukhamthe direction; asauthis; hO; hantaO; satarpayandelighting; unmlatiis becoming visible; abhisraa secret rendezvous; lubdha desiring; ramabeautiful young girls; gotrasyaof the community; atruthe enemy; aithe moon; itithus; ubhethe two; nikrnteexit. Rdh: (Agitated, walks about) I think that Lord Hari (Ka) has been somewhere stopped by Padm, who is devoted to pleasing her friend (Candrval). For this reason, even though we have come to this cottage in the grove, Ka has not come here (to meet us). Alsas, the moon is now rising and delighting the eastern direction, which is presided over by Indra, the husband of Paulom. That moon is the enemy of beautiful (Young) girls who desire a secret rendezvous (With their lovers). (Rdh and Lalit exit). Text 26 (tata praviati ka). Ka: (samantd avalokya). saga kumudkareu ithilo bhgvalnm abhd vkante nija-koarnkitam am koruha kauik sakoconmukhat prayti anakair auttnapder dyuti ki bhnur nanu prva-parvata-tam rohum utkahate tatathen; praviatienters; kaKa; samnttin all directions; avalokyalooking; sagaattachment; kumudaof lotus flowers; akareutowards the multitudes; ithilaslackened; bhga of bumble-bees; avalnmof the multitudes; abhtwas; vkante observe; nijaown; koarain the hollows; akitammarked; am these; konruhamtree; kauikowls; sakocaof shrinking; unmukhatmexpectation; praytigoes; anakaigradually; auttnapadeof the pole star (dhruvaloka); dyutieffulgence; kim how?; bhnuthe sun; nanuindeed; prvaeastern; parvataof the mountain; tamthe slope; rohumto climb; utkahate raises the neck with eagerness. (Ka enters). Ka: (Looking in all directions). The bumble-bees are no longer enthused (to move along) the lotus flowers, and the owls are looking

for the trees where their nests are placed. The light of the pole-star is gradually fading. Is the sun now eager to rise on the eastern mountain? Text 27 (a) (iti parikramya) na jne navna-vipralambhena sabhta-nirbharasarambh ki nma pratipatsyate 'dya rdh. (vimya) bhavatu. kesarea nga-kesara pratipdayiye. tad amni nga-kesari vicinuymi. (iti tath ktv puro 'nusarpan). itithus; parikramyawalking about; nanot; jneI understand; navnarecent; vipralambhenaby dissapointment; sabhtaheld; nirbharagreat; sarambhanger; kim nmawhether indeed?; pratipatsyatewill be attained; adyatoday; rdhRdh; vimrsya reflects; bhavatulet it be; kesareawith bakula flowers; ngakesaramnaga-kesara trees; pratiI shall attain; tattherefore; amnithese; nga-kesarinaga-kesara flowers; vicinuymiI shall collect; itithus; tathin that way; ktvhaving done; purahin the presence; anusarpanslides. (Walking about) I do not know if Rdh will be greatly angry and dissapointed (Because I arrived so late at the rendezvous). (Reflects for a moment). Yes, I shall go to the grove of bakula trees and pick these flowers. (Ka picks some flowers and returns). Text 27 (b) kapa sa lat-kum im sakhi ngd adhunpi mdhava iti jalpa-partay tay klama-drgh gamit katham tam kapaa cheater; sahHe; latof creepers; kumcollecting; immthis; sakhiO friend; nanot; agtarrived; adhunanow; api even; mdhavaLord Mdhava (Ka); itithus; jalpaiwth talk; partayfilled; tayby her; klamaof weariness; drghfor a long time; gamitwill pass; kathamhow?; tamthe night. Rdh will certainly say to her friend. "O friend, even now that cheating boy Mdhava (Ka) has not come (To the rendezvous in

this) grove of bakula trees." How will she be able to pass the night in such great distress? Text 28 (parikramya. bakula-kuja payan. savidam). tambla ghanasra-saktam ada kiptam puro rdhay hr hanta harinmai-stabakito hro 'yam utsrita paup ceyam udre-saurabha-may c nakhai khait tasy asati vipralambha-janita kujo 'yam anta klamam praikramyawalking about; bakulaof bakula trees; kujam grove; payanseeing; sawith; visdamdepression; tamblam betel nuts; ghanasrawith camphor; sasktamfashioned; ada from there; kiptamthrown; purain front; rdhayby Rdh; hrcharming; harimaiwith emeralds; stabakitaclustered; hranecklace; ayamthis; udragreat; saurabhasweet fragrance; mayconsisting of; ccrown; nakhaiby the fingernails; khaitripped apart; tasyof her; asatiproclaims; vipralambhafrom separation; janitamproduced; kujagrove; ayamthis; antainternal; klamamdistress. (Walking about, Ka sees the grove of bakula trees and laments). "Rdh has thrown away the mixture of betel nuts and camphor, and she has discarded her charming necklace of emeralds. With her firngernails she has ripped apart the fragrant crown of flowers". In this way the grove of trees proclaims Rdh's great distress, (Which was caused by My inability to arrive at the place of rendezvous). Text 29 (a) (ity agrato gatv). iyam eva rdhya sryrdhana-vedik. tad asy prvam sdaymi. (iti parikrmati). itithus; agratahin front; gatvhaving gone; iyamthis; eva certainly; rdhyaof Rdh; sryaof the sun-god; rdhanafor the worship; vedikaltar; tattherefore; asyof her; prvam side; sdymiI shall go; itithus; parikrmatiHe walks.

(Walking ahead). This is the altar where Rdh worships the sungod. I shall go near to it. (He approaches the altar). Text 29 (b) (tata praviati sakhbhym anugamyamn rdh). Rdh: (puro vilokya) hal lalide, pekkha ve-i--ediho so tujjha cha-illo. Lalit: sahi, kacaa-paimevva kahor hohi. tatathen; praviatienters; sakhbhymby two friends (Lalit and Vikh); anugamyamnfollowed; rdhRdh; pura ahead; vilokyalooking; halO; lalideLalit; pekkhalook; ve-i- to the altar; edihanear; saHe; tujjhayour; cha-illalover; sahiO friend; kacanagolden; paimevvalike a deity; kahor stiff; hohiplease become. (Accompanied by her two friends, Lalit and Vikh, Rdh enters). Rdh: (Looking ahead) O Lalit, look. Your handsome young man is standing near the altar. Lalit: O friend, become like a stiff golden deity. Text 29 (c) Ka: purastd e saha-parivr priy. tad idam uakaymi. (ity upastya) lalite, sdhu sdhu. da tava gariham atra durmantra-tantra-caryym cryatvam. yad adya bhavaty kesaranikuja-vedym aham ujjgara-vrata-dkm parigrhito 'smi. purasttin front; eshe; sahaaccompanied; parivrby her friends; priybeloved; tattherefore; idamthis; uakaymiI shall play the part; itithus; upastyaapproaching; laliteO Lalit; sdhu sdhuexcellent, excellent; damobserved; tavayour; garihammost significant; atrahere; durmantraof bad advice; tantraof the network; caryymin the activity; cryatvamthe state of being a teacher; yatbecause; adyatoday; bhavatyby you; kesaraof naga-kesara trees; nekujain the grove; vedymin the sacred area; ahamI; ujjgaraof being awake; vratain the vow; dkminitiation; parigrhita-asmiI have accepted.

Ka: Here are My beloved (Rdh) and her friend (Lalit). I shall go to speak to them. (Ka approaches them). O Lalit, well-done, well-done. Now I can see how you are an expert teacher in the matter of giving bad advice. At this altar in the grove of naga-kesara trees, you have now initiated Me in the vow of staying awake (All night). Text 29 (d) Lalit: (sasmbhramam. sanskrtena). aho vaiparityam, aho vaiparityam. kesara-nikunja-kuhare kuhaka vasanti sakhi tvaya rahite srita-nava-pallava-sayana trutim api kalpadhikam mene sawith; sasmbhramamanger; sanskrtenain Sanskrit; aha O; vaiparityamtreachery; ahaO; vaiparityamtreachery; kesara of naga-kesara trees; nikunjaof the grove; kuharein the interior; kuhaka-kuhakaonomatopectic sound of the rooster); vasanti staying; tvayaby You; rahiteabandoned; sritarested; navafresh; pallavaof blossoms; sayanacouch; trutimfor a moment; api even; kalpathan a kalpa; adhikamlonger; meneconsiders. Lalit: Aha, what treachery, what treachery! You did not arrive until the rooster crowed! Resting on this couch of newly blossomed flowers, my friend Rdh waited for You in the middle of this grove of naga-kesara trees. In Your abscense, she considered a fraction of a second to be longer than a kalpa. Text 30 Ka: (kapaenopa nayan). aho, dambha-bharrambheu gmbhryam asy. (ngara-kesary uddhya darayan). arati mama nii payan aklmyan nga-kesaro 'py asakt vigalan-madhubhi kusumair ebhir netrair ivodasrai

kapaenawith fraud; aopampride; nayanrepresents dramatically; ahaO; damhaof cheating; bharaof the abundance; arambheuin the activities; gmbhryamdepth; asyof her; ngara-kesaribakula flowers; uddhtya ; darayan showing; aratimdistress; mamaMy niiin the night; payan seeing; aklmyambecame unhappy; nga-kesarathe bakula tree; apieven; asaktcontinually; vigalattrickling; madhubhiwith honey; kusumaiby flowers; ebhiwith these; netraieyes; iva as if; udgesraiweeping. Ka: (with feigned arrogance) Ah, she is expert at deception. (Ka points to the bakula flowers). Tonight, seeing My grief, this bakula tree also became unhappy. The flowers of that tree continually drip honey, and they appear to be eyes continually shedding tears. Text 31 (a) Lalit: ammahe, dhttataa, ja ba-ula-v-i kesarea di nga-kesaro vikkhv-adi. ammaheO; dhttataamdeception; jam 'yatbecause; ba-ula bakula; v-isignifying; kesareaby the inner part of the flowers; dimnow; nga-kesaraNaga-kesara; vikkhv-adiis understood. Lalit: Ah, Ka is deceptively clever. He used the word kesara to mean both the inner part of the bakula-flower, and also to mean the naga-kesara flowers. Note: Kesara, can mean both the inner part of any flower, or also the naga-kesara flower. Text 31 (b) Ka: (savyja-nirvedam)_ lalite, virmyatu taveya abdrthasyth-kalpanena vacana-cacut. atha v kas te doa. da-dobhir api gaurngbhi sauhrdam abhilayat mayaivparaddham. Vikh: ko kkhu gauraga diho tu-e doso.

sawith; vyjadeception; nirvedamloathing; laliteO Lalit; virmyatushould stop; tavayour; iyamthis; abdaof the words; arthasyof the meaning, in another way; kalpanenaby the interpretation; vacanawords; cacutaexpertise; atha vor perhaps; kafaults; apialthough; gauragbhifair complexioned gops; sauhrdamfriendship; abhilayatdesiring; mayaby Me; evaindeed; aparaddhamoffense; kawhat?; kkhuindeed; gauragamof the fair-complexioned gops; dihaseen; tueby you; dosafault. Ka: (Pretending to be disgusted) O Lalit please stop this clever playing with words. It is not you who are at fault, but I, who desire to befriend such golden complexioned gops, who are so eager to find fault with Me. Vikh: What fault do You see in the gopis? Note: drsta-dosabhih can be interpreted to mean one who finds fault with other, or one who is himself full of fault. Ka intended the first, and the gop assumes the second meaning. Text 31 (c) Ka: paya paya. nava-rasa-dhrii madhure dhara-satpa-hri-visphurae vidadhati na ka-mudire gaurya kaa-rocisa sthairyam paya payalook, look; navafresh; rasanectar; dhrii holding; madhurecharming; dharaof the earth; satpaburning distress; hriremoving; visphuraemanifestation; vidadhati grants; nanot; kaof Ka; mudireto the cloud; gaurya golden; kaa-rociamomentary flashes of lightning; sthairyam steadiness. Ka: Look, look. Full of fresh nectarean water, a charming dark cloud has appeared to alleviate the burning heat of the earth. Golden flashes of lightning appear in that cloud for a brief moment only. (Alternate translation:) Full of the nectarean mellow of conjugal love, the charming dark cloud of Ka has appeared to alleviate the

burning distreses of the earth. The golden flashes of lightning which are the gops stay in that cloud for a brief moment only. Text 32 (a) Vikh: tassi kulisa-ka-kahora-cehide ta komala jutt jjevva tadh pa-utti. tassimin this; kulisathunderbolt; kaexcellent; kahora sharp; cehideperformed; tamof them; komalamdelicate; juttappropriate; jjevvacertainly; tadhin that way; pa-utti activity. Vikh: It is proper for the delicate gops to act in that way, for Ka is as harsh as a thunderbolt. Text 32 (b) Lalit: vishe, suhi kapi gham. (iti bhga darayant). campa-alada siiddham a-a-kacaa-kanti-kusuma-gaurag mukkhi-a dhva-i bhamare caval cci-a smal honti visheO Vikh; suhiplease hear; kapia certain; gham song; itithus; bhgamthe bumble-bee; darsyatindicates; campa-acampaka; ladamcreeper; siiddhamcharming; a-a fresh; kacaagold; kantisplendor; kusumaflowers; gaurag with a fair complexion; mukki-ahaving abandoned; dhava-iruns; bhamarabumble-bee; ca alquickly moving lightning; cci-aas if; smaldark; hontiare. Lalit: O Vikh, please listen to this song. (Lalit points to a bumble-bee). This campaka creeper is full of yellow flowers as splendid as fresh gold. Running away from this creeper, this bumble-bee appears to be like streaks of quickly moving black lightning. (In this allegory Rdh is compared to the golden campaka creeper, and Ka to the black bumble-bee).

Text 33 (a) Ka: (smitv) satya vagminm asi rjn. Lalit: (apavrya) suhu, sakena, va-aovena aavaraddha jjevva a takkemi. smitvsmiling; satyamin truth; vagminmof those who are eloquent; asiyou are; rjnthe queen; apavryaconcealing; suhuvery well; nisankenafearless; va-aaof words; aovena with pride; aavaraddhamwithout offense; jjevvaindeed; anot; takkemiI conjecture. Ka: (Smiles) You are certainly the queen of all those who are eloquent. Lalit: Because You are speaking so proudly and fearlessly, I do not think that You are free from fault. Text 33 (b) Ka: vmyd bhaven na viratir nava-yauvann vma-bhruvm iti jana-srutir avyalk cni kartum ucitni vimucya khinna m pratyutdya yad amr apara jayanti vmytbecause of contrariness; bhavetthere may be; nanot; viratihcessation; navanew; yauvannamof they youths; vma left; bhruvmof the eyebrows; itithus; janaof the living entities; srutinews; avyatkhonest; cnieloquent or flattering words; kartumto perform; ucitniappropriate; vimucyahaving released; khinnamdepressed; mmMe; pratyutaon the contrary; adya now; amthey; aparamwho has no superior; jayanticonquer. Ka: There is a very truthful common saying that young girls with beautiful crooked eyebrows will not give up their nonsense. Although no one is superior to Me, these girls have conquered Me with their expert clever words. Text 34 (a)

Lalit: (apavrya) hal, sacca ujj-ara-khinno kaho. t pasida. Rdhik: (kam apagenvalokya) muddha vacala-kal-viaddhosi. apavryaconcealing; halO; saccamin truth; ujj-araby staying awake; kkhinnaunhappy; kahaKa; ttherefore; pasidaplease be merciful; kamKa; apagenawith a sidelong glance; avalokyalooks; muddhamof these who are bewildered; vacanaat cheating; kalat the art; vi-addhosiyou are expert. Lalit: (Concealing her actual intention) Be merciful to Ka. He is depressed because He has stayed awake (all night). Rdh: (Glances at Ka from the corner of her eyes) You are expert at the art of cheating the foolish. Text 34 (b) Ka: (snandam) phulla-kesara-kalpenmun dhammilla-rs tavlakriyatm. vandhyat mam vindatu mama praysa. (iti puikm uddhya) priye, paymuni sugandhnm agresari kesari yair aha sadya suvsito 'smi. sawith; nandambliss; phullablossomed; kesaraof nagakesara flowers; kalpenawith a bundle; amunwith this; dhamilla of the braided hair; rbeauty; alankriyatmmay be ornamented; vandhyatmuselessness; mamay not; vindatufind; mamaMy; praysaeffort; itithus; puikmpackage; uddhtyaopens; priye O beloved; payajust see; amunithese; sugandhnmof those which are fragrant; agresaribest; kesarikesara flowers; yaih by which; sadyaat this moment; suvsitaaromatic; asmiI am. Ka: (blissful) These blossomed kesara flowers shall decorate your braided hair. Please do not make My efforts go in vain. (Ka opens the package of flowers) O beloved, look at these kesara flowers, the best of all fragrant things. I have now become aromatic (By holding these flowers). Text 34 (c)

Rdhik: (sanarma-smitam) a cand-al-parimalea vsidosi tumam. Ka: priye, prihsikny api te vacsi na kadacid api vyabhicaranti. yad adya mad-agatas candrval-saurabhyam udacati. sawith; narmajoking; smitamsmile; amat this moment; cand-aliof Candrval; parimaleaby the fragrance; vsidosiyou have become aromatic; tumamYou; priyeO beloved; prihsikni joking; apieven; teyour; vacmsiwords; nanot; kadacitever; apieven; vyabhicarantioffend; yatbecause; adyatoday; mat My; agatafrom the body; candrvalof Candrval; saurabhyam sweet aroma; udacatiarises. Rdh: (Angrily turning away) O Lalit, did you hear that? Ka: (Smiling) O beloved, why have you become so impatient simply because these two words are homonymous? By saying the word Candrval, I meant camphor. Text 34 (e) Rdhik: (sasmitam) samappehi pupph-i. (iti pacala praarayati) Ka: (rdh-mukha prekya. svagatam). hanta, vibhramamaitasya cill-kodaasya tva-kal. sawith; smitana smile; samappehipleas give; pupph-imthe flower; itithus; paaof the sari; acalamthe corner; prasrayati extends; rdhof Rdh; mukhamthe face; prekyaobserving; svagatamaside; hantaO; vibhramawith restlessness; maitasya decorated; cill-kodaasyaeyebrows; tavain fierce dancing; kalartistry. Rdh: (smiling) Give me the flowers. (Rdh extends the corner of her sari). Ka: (Looking at Rdh's face, Ka says to Himself:) Ah, decorated with restlessness, the eyebrows of Rdh are expert in the art of violent dancing. Text 34 (f)

Vikh: (janntikam) lalide, pekkha pekkha. sammohaea rhi-e kaakkha-bea lakkh-kido puppha-pui--e saddha acale diapi veum na jdi kaho. jana-antikamwhispering; lalideO Lalit; pekkha pekkhalook, look; sammoheeaenchanting; rhi-aof Rdh; kaakkhaof the sidelong glances; benaby the arrow; lakkhinto a target; kida made; pupphaof flowers; pui--ewith the package; saddham accomapanied; acalein the corner; diamplaced; pialthough; venumflute; nanot; jadiperceive; kahaKa. Vikh: (Whispers) O Lalit, look, look. Because Rah has aimed the enchanting arrow of her sidelong glance at Ka, Ka has become bewildered and He is not aware that He has placed His flute on the edge of Rdh's sari, along with the package (Of flowers). Text 34 (g) Lalit: (sasktena) nidrgamo 'pi sakhi nanda-sutasya hartu y aknuvanti na par pau-pla-bl dhany kaka-kalay kila mohayant t rdhikdya purato mural jahra sanktenain Sanskrit; nidraof sleep; agameon the arrival; api even; sakhiO friend; nandaof Nanda Maharaja; sutasyaof the son (Ka); hartumto steal; ymwhich (flute); aknuvantiare able; nanot; partranscendental; pauof the cows; pla protectors; blboys; dhanyfortunate; kakaof sidelong glances; kalaywith the art; kilaindeed; mohayantbewildering; tmthat (flute); rdhikRdh; adyanow; puratain the presence; muralmflute; jahrahas stolen. Lalit: The transcendental cowherd boys are not able to steal away Ka's flute, even when He sleeps. The fortunate Rdh has nevetheless bewildered Ka with the art of her sidelong glances, and she has stolen away the flute, before His very eyes.

Text 35 Rdhik: (apavrya, sanktena). y nirmti niketa-karma-racanrambhe kara-stambhana rtrau-hanta karoti karaa-vidhi y patyur akd api gaura kurute guro api puro y nvi-vidhvasana dhrt gokula-magalasya mural seya mambhd va apavryaaside; sasktenain Sanskrit; ywhich (flute); niketa household; karmaduties; racanaperformance; arambhein the beginning; karaof the hands; stambhanamnumbing; rtrauat night; hantaindeed; karoticauses; karanaof attracting; vidhim activity; ywhich; patyuof the husband; aktfrom the lap; api even; gauramof the fair-complexioned gops; kurutecauses; guroof the superiors; apieven; purain the presence; ywhich; nviof the tight belts; vidhvasanamundoing; dhrtrascal; gokulaof Gokula; magalasyaof the auspiciousness (Ka); mural flute; sa-iyamthis very; mammy; abhtbecame; va controlled. Rdh: (Aside) This is is the same flute which causes the gops' hands to become numbed when they perform their household duties. At nightime this flute attracts the golden-complexioned gops, even from their husband's laps. This flute loosens the gops tight belts, even in the presence of their superiors. This rascal flute, the property of Ka, the auspiciousness of Gokula, is now under my control. Text 36 (a) (nepathye) are kurag, diho tumhehi pi-a-vaasso. Ka: katha milaty ea madhumagala. nepathyefrom the wings; areO; kuragdeer; dithaseen; tumhehimby you; pi-adear; vaassafriend; kathamhow is it?; milatimeets; eathis; madhumagalaMadhumagala. Madhumagala: (From offstage) O deer, you are now looking at my dear friend.

Ka: How is it that Madhumagala is coming here? Text 36 (b) (praviya mlya-hasta) Madhumagala: suda subala-muhdo ja ajja i-uja-majjhe rhi- jgarid s. t gadu-a a pocchha-issam. praviyaentering; mlyawith a garland; hastahin hand; sudam heard; subalaof Subala; muhdafrom the mouth; jambecause; ajjanow; i-ujaof the forest; majjhein the middle; rhi-Rdh; jgaridawake; swas; ttherefore; gadu-ahaving gone; am to that place; pocchha-issamI shall give courage. (Madhumagala enters, holding a garland in his hand). Madhumagala: I have heard from the mouth of Subala, that Rdh is staying awake in the middle of the forest. I have therefore come here to give her courage. Text 36 (c) (ity upastya, sanktena) avirala-vana-mllakta-snigdha-murti sphurita-kaaka-kntir dhtubhir maitga akhila-bhuvana-tugo netra-bhagya vikta katham iva sakhi rdhe ka-ailas tvaybht itithus; upastyaapproaching; sasktenain Sanskrit; avirala dense; vanaof forest flowers; mlby the garland; alakta ornamented; snigdhacharming; murtiform; sphuritamanifested; kaakagolden bracelets; kntisplendor; dhtubhiwith colorful mineral pigments; maitadecorated; agalimbs; akhilaall; bhuvanaplanets; tugaabove; netraof the eyes; bhagyaby the wave; viktahstolen; kathamhow is it?; ivajust as; sakhiO friend; rdheO Rdh; kablack; ailaa stone; tvaya because of You; abhthas become. (Madhumagala approaches Rdh).

My dear fried Rdh, Ka appears very handsome, garlanded with many forest flowers. He wears glistening golden bracelets, and His limbs bear many decorative lines drawn in (colorful) mineral pigments. He is the supreme monarch of all the worlds. How is it, that attracted by the wave of your sidelong glance, He has become stunned, and now appears as a great black stone. Text 37 (a) (rdhik smayate). Ka: priye, vetti me tamas tam-sabhava vayasyo 'yam. Rdhik: ajja, dasida ajja sineha-dakkhia ja kantra-sindhusatra-kosal-i sikkhvidamhi. rdhikRdh; smayatesmiles; priyeO beloved; vetti understands; meMy; tamahunhappiness; tamof night; sabhavamproduced; vayasyafriend; ayamthis; ajjaO pious boy; damidamshown; ajjanow; sinehaof love; dakkhiam kindness (or skill); jambecause; kantraof the forest; sindhuin the ocean; satrapassing over; kosal-imexpertness; sikkhvidamhiI am instructed. (Rdh smiles). Ka: O beloved, my friend Madhumagala knows how I have become unhappy by the arrival of night. Rdh: O noble boy, you have shown great skill in the art of loving affairs, and in this way You have instructed me in the art if how to expertly cross over the great ocean which is this forest. Text 37 (b) Madhumagala: sahi, sahu amhe uvalahijamha, jehim calantim pi vallim tumam takki-a vane vasantehim sadankam ja-aridam. tumhe kkhu salahi-jjha-i, jahim pi-a-vaassa-sanaham pi kunjam anibbandhena sunnam bhani-a ghare pavisanthihim niradankam suttam. sahiO friend; sahuwell; amhewe; avalahijamhaare reproached; jehimby whom; calamtimmoving; pieven; vallim creeper; tumamYou; takki-ahaving considered; vanein the forest; vasanatehimby those who reside; sadankamwith a fever; ja-aridam awake; tumheyou; kkhuindeed; salahi-jjha-ishould be praised;

jahimby those who; pi-adear; vaassafriend; sawith; naham the lord; pieven; kunjamgrove; anibbandhenawithout objection; sunnamempty; bhani-ahaving become; gharein the cottage; pavisantihimentering; niradankamwithout fever; suttamasleep. Madhumagala: It is right that You rebuke us. You must have remained awake thinking the movements of the creepers was due to the wild animals in the forest. All glories to You. Now You know there are no wild animals here. In the forest, there is only my dear friend Ka. Now, free from any fear, You can go home and go to sleep. Text 37 (c) rdhik: ajja kim evvam bhanasi. (iti sanskrtena) nikunjam kamsarer bata nakhara-candravali-rucicchatagras tam nagre muhur api yada preksitam abhut tada sadyah prodyah-vidhu-hata-kavi-kranti-hataya maya labdharanye klama-nivaha-purna parinatih ajjanoble sir; kimwhy?; evvamin this way; bhanasido you speak; itithus; sanskrtenain Sanskrit; nikunjamthe forest grove; kamsa-aratehof Ka, the enemy of Kamsa; bataindeed; nakhara of the nails; candraof moons; avalihthe series; ruciof the splendor; chataabundance; agrahthe tip; tamthat; nanot; agre at the beginning; muhuhfor a moment; apieven; yadawhen; preksitamseen; abhutwas; tadathen; sadyahat once; prodyat rising; vidhuby the moon; hatastruck; kaviof the sun; krantithe path; hatayastruck; mayaby Me; labdhaattained; aranyein the forest; klamaof exhaustation; nivahawith an abundance; purna filled; parinatihtransformation. Rdhik: Noble sir, why do you speak in this way? When I can no longer see the moonlight of Ka's toenails in this forest, then the ordinary moonlight overwhelms Me and I become filled with despair. Text 38 (a)

madhumangalah: (svagatam) aho kaham kudanga-sangada candra-ali bi rahi-a-e ditthatthi. ta vancanam mukki-a nam ukkarisaissam. (prakasam sanskrtena) klantena te vadana-candram anakalayya kalyani gokula-purandara-nandanena candravali.... svagatamaside; ahaah!; kahamhow?; kudangato the forest grove; sangadamet; candra-aliCandravali; bieven; rahiby Radh; ditthatthiwas seen; tathis; vancanamtreachery; mukki-a abandoning; namHer; ukkarisa-issamI shall flatter; prakasam openly; sanskrtenain Sanskrit; klantenawith despair; teof You; vadanaof the face; candramthe moon; anakalayyanot seeing; gokulaof Gokula; purandaraof the king; nandanenaby the son; candravaliCandravali. Madhumangala: (aside) Alas, Radha has seen Candravali meet Krsna in this forest-grove. I will give up trying to cheat Her. I shall simply flatter Her. (He openly says in Sanskrit:) O beautiful girl, when He could not see You, Gokula's prince Krsna became filled with despair. In that condition Candravali . . . Text 38 (b) (ity ardhokte) (krsno bhru-sanmjnaya nivarayati). (sarvah parasparam sakutam avalokayanti). itithus; ardhahalfway; uktespoken; krsnahKrsna; bhruof the eyebrows; samjnayawith a signal; nivarayatichecks; sarvah everyone; parasparammutually; sawith; akutammeaning; avalokayantilooks. (Halfway through Madhumangala's verse Krsna knits His eyebrows, signaling him to stop. Struck with wonder, everyone gazes at each other). Text 38 (c)

madhumangalah: (svagatam) hanta hanta kidam ma-e bamhanabatu-ocidam cabalam. svagatamaside; hantaalas!; hantaalas!; kidamdone; ma-e by me; bamhanaof a brahmana; batuboy; ocidamproper; cabalamrecklessness. Madhumangala: (aside) Alas! Alas! I am a brahmana boy who has spoken very recklessly! Text 38 (d) krsnah: (vibhavya) vibhavari-bhavam me variyah kastam basparuddha-kantho 'yam samvrttah. tad aham eva vakyam samapayami. (iti smitva) candravalina-nayanantataya kilasya sa drsyatah katham api ksapita ksapeyam vibhavyareflecting; vibhavari-bhavamthe night; meof Me; variyahlong; kastampainful; baspawith tears; ruddhachoked; kanthahwhose throat; ayamhe; samvrttahis; tattherefore; ahamI; evacertainly; vakyamthe statement; samapayamishall complete; itithus; smitvasmiling; candraof moon; avalina entered; nayanaof the eyes; antatayaby the corner; kilaindeed; asyaof that; sashe; drsyatahby the sight; katham apisomehow; ksapitapassed; ksapathe night. Krsna: (Reflecting) I have had a long night. Madhumangala is so exhausted that his throat is now choked with tears. I shall complete the verse he has begun. (Smiles) Madhumangala meant to say: "The shining of the moon entered the corner of His eyes and reminded Him of Radha. Only in this way was Krsna able to pass the night". Text 39 (a) madhumangalah: pi-a-assa savannosi. kim ti maha hi-a-atthidam pajjhaddham na janissasi.

pi-a-dear; va-assaO friend; savannosiYou are omniscient; kim how?; tithus; mahamy; hi-a-ain the heart; tthidamsituated; pajjhaof the verse; addhamthe other half; nanot; janissasiYou will know. Madhumangala: Dear friend, You are omnicient. Why should You not know the second half of the verse I kept in my heart? Text 39 (b) lalita: rahe ajja bi sandiddhasi. pekkha rati-vilasa-pisuna-im naarassa canga-im anga-im. (iti sersyam sanskrtena) bale gokula-yauvata-stana-tati-dattardha-netrad itah kamam syama-sila-vilasi-hrdayac cetah paravartaya vidmah kim na hi yad vikrsya kulajah kelibhir esa striyo dhurtah sankulayan kalanka-tatibhir nihsankam unmuncati raheO Radha; ajjanow; bieven; sandiddhasiYou are bewildered; pekkhalook!; ratiamorous; vilasaof pastimes; pisunaimthe signs; na-arassaof this rake; canga-imhandsome; anga-im limbs; itithus; sawith; irsyamanger; sanskrtenain Sanskrit; baleO young girl; gokulaof Gokula; yauvataof the girls; stana-tati on the breasts; dattaplaced; ardha-netratsidelong glances; itah from Him; kamamvoluntarily; syama-silasapphires; vilasi splendid; hrdayatchest; cetahheart; paravartayaturn; vidmah we know; kimwhether?; nanot hiindeed; yatwhich; vikrsya attracting; kulajahpious; kelibhihwith pastimes; striyahgirls; dhurtahrake; ankulayanfilling; kalanka-tatibhihwith impurities; nihsankamwithout fear; unmuncatiabandon. Lalita: Radha, now You are bewildered. Look at how the handsome limbs of this rake bear these marks of amorous pastimes. (Angry, she says in Sanskrit:) My dear girl, turn Your heart from this Krsna, whose chest is as splendid as sapphire and whose sidelong glances rest on the breasts of the young girls of Gokula. Do we not already know how this rake Krsna attracts respectable girls, pollutes them, and then fearlessly leaves them. Text 40 (a)

radhika: haddhi haddhi sutthu vidambidamhi. haddhialas!; haddhialas!; sutthucompletely; vidambidamhiI have been cheated. Radhika: Alas! Alas! I have been cheated! Text 40 (b) krsnah: priye mudhaiva mam dusayasi. priyeO beloved; mudhaneedlessly; evacertainly; mamMe; dusayasiYou rebuke. Krsna: Beloved, You rebuke Me without any good reason. Text 40 (c) radhika: (sopalambham, sanskrtena). muktantar-nimisam madiya-padavim alokamanasya te jane kesara-renubhir nipatitaih soni-krte locane sitaih kanana-vayubhir viracito bimbadhare ca vranah sankocam tyaja deva daiva-hataya na tvam maya dusyase sawith; upalambhamcensure; sanskrtenain Sanskrit; mukta released; antahwithin; nimisamblinking; madiyaMy; padavim path; alokamanas yalooking; teof You; janeI know; kesaraof Kesara flowers; renubhihwith the pollen; nipatitaihfallen; soni-krte reddened; locaneeyes; sitaihcold; kananain the forest; vayubhihby the winds; viracitahmade; bimbabimba fruit; adhare on the lips; caalso; vranahthe wound; sankocamfear; tyaja give up; devaO Lord; daivaby destiny; hatayastruck; nanot; tvamYou; mayaby Me; dusyaseare rebuked. Radhika: (taunting Him, She says in Sankrit:) I know that Your eyes are red because some pollen fell in them when, without blinking, You searched for the path to come to Me, and I know that the wound on

Your bimba fruit lips was created by the cold forest wind. My Lord, do not be afraid. I am not criticizing You. I have already been attacked by My own destiny. Text 41 (a) krsnah: priye tavadhinasya me sankoso 'py alankarayaiva. priyeO beloved; tavato You; adhinasyasubmissive; meof Me; sankocahfear; apieven; alankarayato decorate; evacertainly. Krsna: Beloved, I am Your submissive servant. My fear is fear to decorate You with ornaments. Text 41 (b) radhika: sahino savva-lo-a-vikkhadosi. kadham mamahino duvissasi. sahinaindependent; savvaall; lo-a-in the worlds; vikkhadosi You are famous; kadhamhow is it?; mamaon Me; ahina dependent; duvissasiYou will be. Radhika: In all the worlds You are famous as the supreme independent. How is it possible for You to become the submissive, dependent servant of Me? Text 41 (C) krsnah: tavadhino naham eva kevalo 'smi. kintu te mama dasavataras ca. tatha hi cancan-mina-vilocanasi kamathotkrsta-stani sangata krodena sphurata tavayam adharah prahlada-samvardhanah madhyo 'sau bali-bandhano mukha-ruca ramas tvaya nirjita lebhe sri-ghanatadya manini manasy angi-krta kalkita

tavato You; adhinahsubordinate; nanot; ahamI; kevalah alone; asmiam; kintubut; teThey; mamaMy; dasaten; avatarahincarnations; caalso; tatha hifurthermore; cancat moving; minafish; vilocanaeyes; asiYou are; kamathatortoise; utkrstabeautiful; stanibreasts; sangatamet; krodenawith the middle; sphuratamanifesting; tavaof You; ayamthis; adharah lips; prahladahappiness; samvardhanahincreasing; madhyah waist; asauthis; bali-bandhanahthree folds of skin known as tri-bali; mukhaof the face; rucawith the splendor; ramahbeautiful girls; tvayaby You; nirjitahare defeated; lebheattained; sriof beauty; ghanataintensity; maniniO noble girl; manasiin the heart; angikrtaaccepted; kalkitaquarrelsomeness. Krsna: I am not alone in being Your surrendered servant. My ten incarnations are also Your servants. My fish incarnations Matsya serves the restless fish of Your eyes. My turtle incarnation Kurma serves the two beautiful turtles of Your breasts. My boar incarnation Varaha serves the line of hairs between Your breasts. My Nrsimha incarnation, who delights Prahlada Maharaja, serves Your delightful lips. My Vamana incarnation, who bound Bali Maharaja with ropes, serves Your waist, which is with the folds of skin known as tri-bali. My incarnation of Ramacandra, Parasurama, and Balarama, are subdued by the beauty of Your face, which also defeats the splendor of all beautiful girls. My incarnation of Buddha serves the loveliness of Your body. O noble girl, My incarnation of Kalki serves the crooked anger You harbor in Your heart. Note: The following ambiguous words conceal the names of the ten incarnations: mina (fish or Matsya), kamatha (turtle or Kurma), kroda (middle or the boar Varaha), prahlada-samvardhana (delightful, or He who increases the pleasure of Prahlada) bali-bandhana (Vamana, who bound Maharaja Bali, or the folds of skin known as tri-bali) rama (Ramacandra, Parasurama, Balarama, or beautiful girls) ghana (Buddha, or intensity), and kalki (Kalki, or one who is impure). Text 42 (a) radhika: hala lalide a-annidam tu-e. halaO; lalideLalita; a-annidamheard; tu-eby you. Radhika: Ah! Lalita! Now you have heard.

Text 42 (b) lalita: kanha tuha odara tu-ammi jjevva vasanti. jam edanam cinhaim disanti. (sanskrtena) vanyantar-guru-capalam kathinata go-sangatih panije krauryam dambha-rucih sucandi-madhura lankesa-vidhvamsanam asrantonmada-laulyam ista-kadanam nistrimsa-lilonnatir minendrady-avatarah sphutam ami bhrajanti bhagas tvayi kanhaO Krsna; tuhaof You; odarathe incarnations; tu-ammi in You; jjevvacertainly; vasantireside; jamwhich; edanamof them; conha-imthe marks; disantiare seen; sanskrtenain Sanskrit; vanyain the water (or forest); gurugreat; capalam restlessness; kathinatahardness; gathe earth; sangatihtouching; panijefingernails; krauryamcruelty; dambha-rucihexpertize at cheating; su-candi-madhuraferocity; lanka-isaof Ravana, the king of Lanka; vidhvamsanamthe destruction; asrantawithout fatigue; unmada-laulyamintoxication; istasacrifices; kadanamtormenting; nistrimsasword; lilapastime; unnatihraised; minaof fish; indra the king; adibeginning with; avataratahfrom the incarnations; sphutamclearly; amithey; bhrajantiare splendidly manifested; bhagahportions; tvayiin You. Lalita: O Krsna, Your incarnations all remain within Your own self. We can clearly see the symptoms of these incarnations in Your character. You possess the restlessness of Matsya, the hardness of Kurma, Varaha's touching the earth, the cruel fingernails of Nrsimha, the ferocity of Parasurama, the power to crush Ravana of Ramacandra, the continual drunkeness of Balarama, Buddha's wish to stop Vedic sacrifices, and Kalki's pastime of attacking with a raised sword. In this way Matsya and the other incarnations are all present within You. Text 43 krsnah: (sa-smitam) sakhe pasya pasya lalitajani durlalita babhuva radha duraradha tapte mayi na cchayam

sasaka kartum visakheyam sawith; smitama smile; sakheO friend; pasyalook!; pasya look!; lalitaLalita; ajanihas become; durlalitaunfriendly; babhuva has become; radhaRadha; duraradhainimical; tapteburning with pain; mayito Me; chayamshade; sasakais able; kartumto do; visakhabranchless tree named Visakha; iyamthis. Krsna: (Smiles) Friend, look! Look! Lalita has become unfriendly. Radha has become My enemy. I am now burning in pain and the branchless tree named Visakha is unable to give Me any shade. Text 44 (iti batoh karan malli-dama grhitva. sa-catu-prananam). srag iyam uru-guna te citta vithiva radhe sucir ati-sukumari amodani ca nakha-pada-sasi-rekha-dhamni pusnatu kantim tava kuca-siva-murdhni svardhuni-vibhramena itithus; batohof Madhumangala; karatfrom the hand; malliof malli flowers; damaa garland; grhitvataking; sawith; catu flattering words; pranamamobeisances; srakgarland; iyamthis; uru-gunavery valuable; teof You; cittato the heart; vithi pathway; ivalike; radheO Radha; sucihsplendid; ativery; sukumaridelicate; kamamperfectly; amodanifragrant; caand; nakhaof fingernails; padathe marks; sasimoons; rekhacrescent; dhamnion the abode; pusnatumay increase; kathimthe beauty; tavaof You; kucaof the breasts; sivaof Lord Siva; murdhnion the head; svardhuniof the celestial Ganges; vibhramenaas. (Taking a garland of malli flowers from the hand of Madhumangala, Krsna bows down before Radha and speaks the following prayer:) O Radha, this very precious, splendid, exquisitely delicate, and fragrant garland is like the pathway that leads to Your heart. I pray that this garland may become like a celestial Ganges river that beautifies the Lord Siva's head of Your breasts, which are the abode of the crescent moon of passionate conjugal fingernails scratches. Text 45

(iti bhru-smajnaya visakham anukulayan malyam arpayati). visakha: (malyam nivedayanti. sanskrtena) yasmin netra-saroruhangana-bhuvah prapte viduram manak sadyas te nimiso 'pi yati tulanam tanv-angi manvantaraih vrndaranya-kadamba-mandapa-tata-krida-bharakhandale tasmin kaku-parayane tava katham kamyani vamyany api itithus; bhruof the eyebrows; samjnayawith a gesture; visakhamVisakha; anukulayanpropitiation; malyamthe garland; arpayatigives; malyamthe garland; nivedayantigiving; sanskrtenain Sanskrit; yasminin whom; netraof the eyes; saroruhaof lotus flowers; angana-bhuvahfrom the courtyard garden; prapteattained; viduramfar away; manakslightly; sadyah at once; teof You; nimisahthe blinking of an eye; apieven; api even; yatiattains; tulanamequality; tanu-angiO slender girl; manvantaraihwith many manvantara milleniums; vrnda-aranyain Vrndavana forest; kadambaof kadamba trees; mandapa-tatain the pavillion; kridaof pastimes; bharaa multitude; akhankalethe Maharaja Indra; tasminHim; kakuto plaintive words; parayane intent; tavaof You; kathamhow is it?; kamyanidesireable; vamyanicontrariness; apieven. (Moving His eyebrows, Krsna tries to gain Visakha's sympathy. He hands the garland to her and she, in turn, places the garland before Radha). Visakha: (In Sanskrit) O slender girl, when Your lotus eyes are briefly separated from Lord Krsna, then You immediately feel each moment to be as long as many milleniums. How is it right for You to be so averse to Lord Krsna, the Maharaja Indra who enjoys transcendental pastimes in the cottage and kadamba groves of Vrndavana forest? Text 46 (a) radhika: (sabhyasuyam) avehi nibuddhi-e avehi. sawith; abhyasuyamanger; avehigo away; nibuddhi-e-fool; avehigo away. Radhika: (Angry) Go away, fool! go away!

Text 46 (b) krsnah: dhuli-dhusarita-candrakancalas candrakanta-mukhi vallabho janah arpayan muhur ayam namaskriyam bhiksate tava kataksa-madhurim dhuliwith dust; dhusaritagrey; candrakaof the peacock feather; ancalahthe edge; candrakantalotus; mukhiface; vallabhahdear; janahperson; arpayanoffering; muhuh repeatedly; ayamHe; namaskrityanobeisances; bhiksatebegs; tavaof You; kata-aksaof the sidelong glance; madhurimthe sweetness. Krsna: O moon-faced girl, His peacock-feather crown covered with dust, Your lover repeatedly bows down before You. He begs for the sweetness of Your sidelong glance. Text 47 (a) lalita: rahe jhatti kandharam paravattehi. putthado a-aredi ajji-a. (radhika tatha karoti). raheRadha; jhattiat once; kandharamYour neck; paravattehi turn; putthadafrom behind; a-arehicalls; ajji-athe noble lady; radhikaRadhika; tathain that way; karotidoes. Lalita: Radha, turn Your neck at once. Noble Jatila calls You from behind. (Radhika does that). Text 47 (b) (pravisya) mukhara: (krsnam vilokya. sanskrtena)

vanasaktam cetah pranayati grhad yo viramayan varenyam bandhunam pranayam api vismarayati yah maha-dhurta-sreni-guna-garima-vistarana-patoh karotsange tasya tvam api sarale putri patita pravisyaentering; krsnamKrsna; vilokyaseeing; sanskrtenain Sanskrit; vanato the forest; asaktamattached; cetahheart; pranayatibrings; grhatfrom home; yahwho; viramayanends; varenyamexcellent; bandhunamof the relatives; pranayamthe love; apialso; vismarayaticauses to forget; yahwho; mahagreat; dhurtaof rogues; sreniof the multitude; gunaof the qualities; garimathe significance; vistaranaspreading; patohexpert; karautsangein the hand; tasyaof Him; tvamYou; apialso; sarale honest; putriO daughter; patitahave fallen. (Mukhara enters) Mukhara: (Glancing at Krsna, she says in Sanskrit:) This is the Krsna who lures the gopis from their homes into the forest and makes them forget the love of their relatives. O honest daughter, You have now fallen into the hands of this Krsna, who is more expert than a host of debauchees. Text 48 (a) madhumangalah: bho va-assa maruda-va-ali-kida-muhi tujjham vamsiva ettha vuddhi-a patta. ta ettha kim vilambesi. bhaO; va-assafriend; marudawind; va-aligarrolous; kida made; muhiwhose mouth; tujjhamof You; vamsithe flute; iva like; etthahere; vuddhi-athe old lady; pattahas attained; ta therefore; etthahere; kimwhy?; vilambesido You loiter. Madhumangala: O friend, the wind blows through the mouth of this talkative old lady. She is as empty as the hollow shaft of Your flute. Why should You stay here? Text 48 (b) krsnah: sakhe kva me vamsi.

sakheO friend; kvawhere?; meMy; vamsiflute. Krsna: Friend, where is My flute? Text 48 (c) madhumangalah: sa-am jjevva janasi kaha tti. sa-ampersonally; jjevvacertainly; janasiYou know; kaha where; ttithus. Madhumangala: You know. Where is it? Text 48 (d) krsnah: sphutam radhikayaiva hrteyam. tad enam vina katham prasthanam ucitam. sphutamclearly; radhikayaby Radha; evacertainly; hrta stolen; iyamit; tattherefore; enamit; vinawithout; katham how?; prasthanamgoing; ucitamis proper. Krsna: Radha has stolen it. How can I leave without it. Text 48 (e) madhumangalah: (sa-parihasam) bho idam kkhu amhanam garuam bha-a-dhe-am jam imahim mohinihim tumam cori-a na sangovidosi. ta citthadu varagi murali-a. attanam ghettuna pala-amha. sawith; parihasamjoking; bhaO; idamthis; kkhuindeed; amhanamof us; garu-amgreatest; bha-a-dhe-amgood fortune; jamwhich; inahimby these; mohinihimbeautiful girls; tumam You; cori-ahaving stolen; nanot; sangobidosiYou are hidden; ta therefore; citthadumay stay; varagithe little; murali-aflute; attanamself; ghettunataking; pala-amhalet us flee.

Madhumangala: (Joking) Ah! We are lucky these beautiful girls did not steal You. Let the flute stay here. Let us simply run for our lives. Text 48 (f) krsnah: (sa-smitam) re vacata tistha. (iti parikramya) sundari bindu-cyutake tava naipunyam babhuva punyena sasimukhi vasi-krtabhud vamsi mama yat tvaya tvaraya sawith; smitama smile; reO; vacatatalkative one; tistha stand; itithus; parikramyawalking; sundariO beautiful girl; binducyutakein theft (Or in the bindu-cyutaka literary ornament); tavaof You; naipunyamexpertness; babhuvais; punyenawith purity; sasimukhiO moon-faced girl; vasi-krta abhutstolen; vamsiflute; mamaMy; yatwhich; tvayaby You; tvarayaquickly. Krsna: (Smiles) Talkative friend! Stop! (He walks). O beautiful girl, You are a very expert thief. O moon-faced girl, You have stolen My flute. Note: The word "bindu-cyutaka" is also the name of a literary ornament where two words, are employed identical except save for the letter m, are employed. The use of the words "vasi" and "vamsi" in this verse is an example of bindu-cyutaka. Text 49 (a) radhika: (sa-bhru-bhangam) muncehi nam bhangi-e kalakarobanam. ka janadi tumha vamsi-am. sawith; bhruof the eyebrows; bhangamknitting; muncehi give up; namthis; bhangi-awith crooked words; kalankaof fault; arobanamimposition; kawho?; janadiknows; tumhaYour; vamsiamflute.

Radhika: (knitting Her eyebrows) Give up these crooked accusations! Who knows what happened to Your flute? Text 49 (b) lalita: (sanskrtena) na kacid gopinam bhavati para-vitta-pranayini satinam asmakam na vada parivadam nanu mudha (ity ardhokte) sanskrtenain Sanskrit; nanot; kacitone; gopinamof the gopis; bhavatiis; paraof anyone else; vittathe wealth; pranayini stealing; satinampious; asmakamof us; nanot; vadasay; parivadamaccusation; nanuis it not?; mudhauselessly; itithus; ardhahalfway; uktespoken. Lalita: (In Sankrit) No gopi steals another's wealth. We are pious and honest. Please do not needlessly accuse us. (She stops after the first half of the verse). Text 49 (c) krsnah: sakhi lalite prasida. darsaya sakhyau daksinyam. sakhiO friend; laliteLalita; prasidaplease be kind; darsaya please show; sakhyauto the friend; daksiyampoliteness. Krsna: Friend Lalita, please be kind. Show some civilized gentleness to your friend. Text 49 (d) lalita: alam jalpair ebhir vraja nija-niketam drutam ito vayam kim samvrttas tava kitava venoh pratibhuvah

alamenough!; jalpaihwords; ebhihwith these; vrajaplease go; nijaown; niketamhome; drutamquickly; itahfrom this; vayamwe; kimwhether?; samvrttahengaged; tavaof You; kitava O scoundrel; venohof the flute; pratibhuvahguarantee. Lalita: Enough of this talk! Quickly go home. O scoundrel, how can we guarantee that You will eventually regain Your flute? Text 49 (e) radhika: (vrddham asadya) ajje dittham tu-e appano nattino carittam. jam eso amhanam cori-aparivadam dedi. vrddhamthe old lady; asadyaapproaching; ajjeO noble lady; ditthamseen; tu-eby you; appanapersonally; nattinaof the grandson; caittamthe character; jamwhich; esahe; amhanam to us; cori-aof being a thief; parivadamcriticism; dedigives. Radhika: (Approaching the old lady) O noble lady, You have seen the character of your gradson. This person is accusing us of being a thief! Text 49 (f) mukhara: (sa-samrambham) re kanhada saccam ma-e vinnadam. jam natti-am rahi-am, maha tumam vidambedum laddhosi. sawith; samrambhamanger; reO; kanhadaKrsna; saccam the truth; ma-eby me; vinnadamis known; jamwhich; natti-am granddaughter; rahi-amRadhikam; mahaof Me; tumamYou; vidambedumto mock; laddhosiYou have attained. Mukhara: (Angry) O Krsna, I know the truth. You have come here only to mock my granddaughter Radhika. Text 49 (g)

madhumangalah: a-i nitthura-samsini nivvamsi-e vamsi-am hari-a tujjha nattini tumam duggam laddha. a-iO; nitthuraharsh; samsinispeaking words; nivvamsi-eO disreputable woman; vamsi-amthe flute; hari-astealing; tujjha your; nattinigranddaughter; tumamyou; duggamfortress; laddha has attained. Madhumangala: O disreputable woman who speaks harsh words, Your granddaughter stole the flute, and now She takes shelter of You, the fortress to protect Her. Text 49 (h) krsnah: arye mukhare satyam aha vayasyah. aryeO noble lady; mukhareO Mukhara; satyamthe truth; aha has spoken; vayasyahMy friend. Krnsa: O noble Mukhara, My friend speaks the truth. Text 49 (i) mukhara: a-i rahi-e abi kim saccam edam. a-iO; rahi-eRadhika; abi kimwhether?; saccamthe truth; edamthis. Mukhara: O Radhika, is this true? Text 49 (j) radhika: ajji-e vundavane indhananam kim mahagghada jada jam hattha-metta vamsakatthi-a amhehim haridavva. ajji-eO noble lady; vundavanein Vrndavana forest; indhananam of firewood; kimwhether?; mahagghadagreat; jadamanifested;

jamwhich; hatthaa handful; mettaonly; vamsakaof bamboo sticks; atthi-aeitht; amhehimby us; haridavvawas taken. Radhika: O noble lady, in this Vrndavana forest have I taken even a handful of eight bamboo sticks for firewood? Text 49 (k) krsnah: (smitva) he pite pracanda-devi yadi venum na jaharthas tatah katham tad-vartayam smita-kudmalollasad utphullakapolandolayita-drg-antasi. smitvasmiling; heO; pitefair-complexioned girl; pracanda angry; deviO goddess; yadiif; venumthe flute; nanot; jaharthah You have stolen; tatahthen; kathamwhy?; tatthis; vartayamin the story; smitasmiling; kudmalaflower blossoms; ullasatfrom the happiness; utphullablossomed; kapolaof the cheeks; andolayita swinging to and fro; drkof the eyes; antathe corners; asiYou are. Krsna: (Smiling) O fair-complexioned, angry goddess, if You have actually not stolen My flute, then why, as You tell this story, has Your sidelong glance, restlessly swinging to and fro on Your cheeks, suddenly blossomed from the flower-bud of Your smile? Text 49 (l) mukhara: (sakrosam) capala ahimanno sadhammini tujjha vandanijja tahabi parihasajja-i. sawith; akrosamanger; capalaO rake; ahimannaof Abhimanyu; sadhamminithe chaste wife; tujjhaby You; vandanijja the object of worship; tahabistill; parihasajja-iis mocked. Mukhara: (With anger) Rogue! Even though this girl is the chaste wife of Abhimanyu, and even though She should be respected and even worshipped by You, You still insist on mocking Her in this way. Text 49 (m)

madhumangalah: muhare ham jannobavi-assa sabami. dittham ma-e puhavi-vilagga-seharena ajja rahi-a vandida pi-ava-assena. muhareO Mukhara; esahe; ahamI; jannobavi-assaon my sacred thread; sabamiI swear; dissthamseen; ma-eby me; puhavi on the ground; vilaggaresting; seharenawith His crown; ajja today; rahi-aRadhika; vandidawas bowed down before; pi-a-va-assa vy my dear friend. Madhumangala: Mukhara, I swear on my brahmana's thread: Today I have seen my dear friend Krsna place His crown on the ground as He bowed down before Radhika. Text 49 (n) mukhara: (sanandam) tao imassa dhammo vaddhissadi. sawith; anandambliss; tadathen; etassaof Him; dhamma piety; vaddhissadiwill increase. Mukhara: (Blissful) That act will increase His piety. Text 49 (o) (sarve smitam kurvanti). sarveeveryone; smitamsmiling; kurvantidoes. (Everyone smiles). Text 49 (p) mukhara: kanhade imina tujjha cabalena khijjhissadi ballava-indo nando, ta gadu-a go-mandalam sambhalehi.

kanhadaO Krsna; iminaby this; tujjhaYour; cabalena irresponsability; khijjhissadiis unhappy; ballavaof the cowherd men; indathe king; nandaNanda; tatherefore; gadu-agoing; gaof cows; mandalamthe herd; sambhalehilook after. Mukhara: Krsna, by not being responsible in protecting the cows You have made the cowherd king Nanda very unhappy. Go now and look after the cows. Text 49 (q) krsnah: arye vine venum viprakrstaya dhavalavaler akrstir durghata. aryeO noble lady; vinawithout; venumthe flute; viprakrtstayah excellent; dhavala-avalehof the cows; akratihattracting; durghata is difficult. Krsna: O noble lady, without My flute it will be very difficult to call to transcendental cows. Text 49 (r) lalita: kanha abalavalino ti kisa ujju-am na kadhesi. kanhaO Krsna; abalaof girls; avalinathe multitude; tithus; kisawhy?; ujju-amin a straightforward manner; nanot; kadhasi You speak. Lalita: You mean girls, not cows. Why don't You speak in a straightforward way? Text 49 (s) krsnah: lalite vrddhayadya sabala yuyam. tatah katham idam kathayisyami.

laliteO Lalita; vrddhayawith the elderly lady; adyanow; sabala strong; yuyamyou are; tatahtherefore; kathamwhy?; idam this; kathayisyamiI shall say. Krsna: Lalita, the presence of elderly Mukhara has given stregnth to you girls. How can I debate with you? Text 50 mukhara: (sa-rosam, sanskrtena) navinagre naptri catula na hi dharmat tava bhayam na me drstir madhye-dinam api jaratya patur iyam alindat tvam nandatmaja na yadi re yasi tarasa tato 'ham nirdosa pathi kiyati hamho madhu-puri sawith; rosamanger; sankrtenain Sanskrit; navinayoung; agrein the presence; naptrigranddaughter; catulaO rogue; na not; hiindeed; dharmatfrom religion; tavaof You; bhayamfear; nanot; meof me; drstihsight; madhyein the middle; dinamof the day; apieven; jaratyahan old lady; patuhexpert; iyamthis; alindatfrom the porch; tvamYou; nandaof Nanda Maharaja; atmajaO son; nanot; yadiif; yasiYou go; tarasaat once; tatah then; ahamI; nirdosafaultless; pathion the path; kiyatiwhich; hamhaindeed; madhu-purito Mathura City. Mukhara: (Angry, she says in Sankrit:) My granddaughter is a young girl, and You, rogue, are not afraid to break the rules of religion. I am an old lady and even in midday I cannot see very clearly. O son of Nanda, if You do not leave my doorstep at once, then I shall not be at fault when I take the path to Mathura City. Note: In the last sentence Mukhara threaten to lodge a complaint with King Kamsa in Mathura City. Text 50 (a) madhumangalah: (sa-rosam) dummuhi vuddhi-e tujjha kamsado kim amhe bha-emha jam mahu-puram asannam kahesi.

sawith; rosamanger; dummuhiO foul-mouthed one; vuddhi-e O old lady; tujjhaof you; kamsadafrom Kamsa; kimwhat?; amhewe; bha-emhafear; jamwhich; mahu-puramMathura City; sannamseated; kahesiyou speak. Madhumangala: (With anger) Foul-mouthed old lady, what do we have to fear from Kamsa? You may go to the king in Mathura. Text 50 (b) mukhara: (sa-vyajam) are cittha. esaham nattini-am ghettuna rajasaham patthidamhi. (iti radhadibhir anugamyamana niskranta). sawith; vyajama trick; areO; citthastand; esashe; aham I; nattinimy granddaughter; ghettunataking; raja-sahamthe royal assembly; patthidamhiI shall depart; itithus; radha-adibhihby the Radha and the other gopis; anugayamanafollowed; niskrantaexists. Mukhara: (Bluffing) Stop! I shall take my granddaughter and go to the king's assembly hall. (Followed by Radha and the others, she exits). Text 50 (c) krsnah: sakhe samagaccha. kalindi-kaccham upetya gavam uddesam karavavah. sakheO friend; samagacchacome; kalindiof the Yamuna; kacchamthe shore; upetyaapproaching; gavamof the cows; uddesamthe looking; karavavahlet us do. Ka: Friend, come here. Let us go to the shore of the Yamun and look for the cows. Text 50 (d)

(iti parikramya. valita-grivam pasyan socchvasam.) itithus; parikramyawalking; valita-grivamcraning His neck; pasyanlooking; socchvasamsighing. (Krsna walks. Craning His neck, He looks. He says with a sigh:) Text 51 mudram dhairya-mayim ksanam vivrnute taralya-laksmin ksanam sopeksah ksanam atanoti bhani-tirautsukya-bhajan ksanam suddham drstim itah ksanam pranyayate prenkhat-kataksam ksanam rosena pranayena cakulita-dhi radha dvidha bhidyate (iti niskrantah sarve). mudrammark; dhairya-mayimpeaceful; ksanamone moment; vivrnutedoes; taralya-laksminrestlessness; ksanamthe next moment; sawith; upeksahindifference; ksanamone moment; atanotidoes; bhanitiraanother moment; suddhampure; drstim glance; itahthen; ksanamone moment; pranayatedoes; prenkhat moving; kata-aksamsidelong glances; ksanamanother moment; rosenawith anger; pranayenawith love; caalso; akulitaagitated; dhihwhose heart; radhaRadha; dvidhain two parts; bhidyateis divided; itithus; niskrantahexit; sarveall. One moment She is peaceful, and the next moment She is restless. One moment She neglects Me, and the next moment She is very eager talk with Me. One moment She looks at Me with a pure, innocent glance, and the next moment She looks at Me with a passionate, roving glance from the corner of Her eye. Her heart agitated with both anger and love, this Radha is divided in two. (Everyone exits.)

Act Five Rdh-prasdana Decorating Rdh

Text 1 (tata praviati paurams). Paurams: sneha soka-krsanor vinoda-sadana sadeti natathyam snigdhadya rdhikya yad aha tenasu dagdhasmi tatathen; praviatienters; pauramsPaurams; sneha love; sokaof grief; krsanoof the fire; vinodaof pastimes; sadanamthe abode; sadaeternally; itithus; nanot; atathyama lie; snigdhaaffectionate; adyanow; rdhikyamtowards Rdhik; yatbecause; ahamI; tenafor this reason; asuat once; dagdha burned; asmiI am. (Paurams enters). Paurams: The fire of grief constantly plays on the call of love. That is not an untruth. Because I am affectionate to Rdhik, now I am also burning in the fire of grief. Text 2 (puro 'valokya) keya madhumagala-sangini mam abhivartate. (punar nibhalya) ajanita-sasana-bhaga sthira-jagama-mandalai sva-vane nikhila-prani-ruta-j vindati purata katha vnd puraahead; avalokyalooking; kawho?; iyamthis girl; madhumagalaMadhumagala; sanginiaccompanying; mamme; abhivartateapproaches; punaagain; nibhalyalooking; anot; janitamanifested; sasanaof the order; bhagathe breaking; sthira unmoving; jagamaand moving entities; mandalaiby the multitudes; svaown; vanein the forest; nikhilaall; praniliving entities; rutathe language; junderstanding; vindatifinds; puratain the presence; kathamhow is it?; vndVnd.

(Looking ahead) Who is this girl coming to me with Madhumagala? (Looking again) Why is Vnd, who knows the languages of all living entities, and whose order is never disobeyed by any of the moving or non-moving creatures in her forest of Vndvana, coming here? Text 3 (a) (praviya) vnd madhumagala ca: amba vande. praviyaentering; vndVnd; madhumagala Madhumagala; caand; ambaO mother; vandeI offer my respects. (Vnd and Madhumagala enter). Vnd and Madhumagala: O mother, I offer my respects to you. Text 3 (b) paurams: svasti yuvabhyam. svastiauspiciousness; yuvabhyamto you both. Paurams: Auspiciousness to you both. Text 3 (c) vnd: bhagavati katha socanty asi. bhagavatiO noble lady; kathamwhy?; socantilamenting; asi you are. Vnd: O noble lady, why are you so unhappy? Text 3 (d) paurams: vatse vidagdha-pungavasyaga-sagama-laksmani rdhikyam abhilakya manyuman abhimanyu samprati madhupurya sa-kutumbo vastum utkanthate. tatrapi tad-amba tad-irsya-

jambalavali-jrmbhaya kadambini-bhavam alambya rdh-maralim udvejayati. tenadya socami. vatseO child; vidagdhaof those who are expert; pungavasyaof He who is the best; agaof the body; sagamacontact; laksmani the signs; rdhikyamon Rdhik; abhilakyaseeing; manyuman angry; abhimanyuAbhimanyu; sampratinow; madhu-puryamin Mathura City; sawith; kutumbahis family; vastumto reside; utkanthateyearns; tatra apinevertheless; tathis; ambamother; avaliof the abundance; jrmbhayamin the awakening; kadambini of a host of clouds; bhavamthe nature; alambyaattaining; rdh of Rdh; maralimthe swan; udvejayatitorments; tenafor this reason; saocami-adyanow; socamiI lament. Paurams: My child, when Abhimanyu saw on Srimati Rdh's body the marks from the touch of the most expert lover Ka, he became very angry, and now he wants to take his family and live in Mathura City. Also, when Abhimanyu's anger flares up, then his mother becomes like a host of monsoon clouds to torment the swan of Rdh. For these reasons I lament. Text 3 (e) vnd: paurams-subhasis-candrikaiva vighnandhakarasamharini. pauramsof Paurams; subhaauspicious; asi benediction; candrikamoonlight; evaindeed; vighnaof obstacles; andhakarathe darkness; samhariniremoving. Vnd: The moonlight of Paurams's good wishes will remove the darkness of obstacles. Text 3 (f) madhumagala: ajje kaha rahopari tujjha varittha pemmam. ajjeO noble lady; kahamwhy?; raha-uparion Rdh; tujjha your; varitthambest; pemmamlove.

Madhumagala: Noble lady, why do you love Rdh so dearly? Text 3 (g) paurams: vatsa saty api bhurini premodaya-karane tasyam ananyapaiki mameda prema. vatsaO child; satibeing; apialso; bhurinimanifold; premaof love; udayaof the arising; karanecauses; tasyamfor Her; ananya undivided; apaikiin relation; mamamy; idamthis; premalove. Paurams: Child, there are many reasons that I love Rdh. O love Her dearly. Text 3 (h) vnd: yuktam idam. yata jagati kila vicitre kutracin niscalatma bhavati nirabhisandhi kasyacit prema-bandha vilasati samudirne kumbhaje khajanali kalitavati tathasta hanta nasa prayati yuktamappropriate; idamthis is; yatabecause; jagatiin the universe; kilaindeed; vicitrevariegated; kutracitsomewhere; niscalaunwavering; atmawhose heart; bhavatiof someone; prema of love; bandhathe bonds; vilasatisports; samudirnerisen; kumbhajewhen the star Agastya; khajanaof Khajana birds; ali the flock; kalivatiis seen; tathathen; astamto the west; hanta indeed; nasamdestruction; prayatiattain. Vnd: You have spoken well. In this variegated world somewhere someone loves another with unmotivated and unwavering love. The khajana birds love the star Agastya in this way. When Agastya rises in the sky, the khajana birds celebrate with great happiness, and when Agastya sets in the west at the time of the monsoon, the khajana birds at once disappear, for they cannot bear to be separated from their love. Text 4 (a)

madhumagala: kerisa nirhisandhino pemmassa cinham. kerisamlike what?; nirhisandhinocauseless; pemassaof love; cinhamthe symptom. Madhumagala: What are the symptoms of this causeless love? Text 4 (b) paurams: stotra yatra taa-sthatm prakaayac cittasya dhatte vyath nindpi pramada prayacchati parhsa-riya bibhrat doena kayit guena gurut kenpy antanvat prema svrasikasya kasyacid iya vikrati prakriy stotrampraising; yatrain which; taa-sthatmneutrality; prakaayatmanifesting; cittasyato the heart; dhattegives; vyathmpainful reaction; nindblaspheming; apialso; pramadam pleasure; prayacchatidelivers; parhsaof joking; riyamthe beauty; bibhratbringing forth; doenaby accusation; kayitm the quality of diminishing; guenaby good qualities; gurutmthe importance; kena apiby any; antanvatnot increase; premaof love of Godhead; svrasikasyaspontaneous; kasyacitof any; iyam this; vikriatiacts within the heart; prakriythe manner of action. " `When one hears praise form his beloved, he outwardly remains neutral but feels pain within his heart. When he hears his beloved making accusations about him, he takes them to be jokes and enjoys pleasure. When he finds faults in his beloved, they do not diminish his love, nor do the beloved's good qualities increase his spontaneous affection. Thus spontaneous love continues under all circumstances. That is hwo spontaneous love of Godhead acts within the heart.' Text 5 (a) madhumagala: evvam rubba kkhu dona raha-mahavana pemma. evvamin this way; rubbamthe form; kkhuindeed; donamof Them; raha-mahavanamof Rdh and Madhava; pemmalove.

Madhumagala: This is the nature of love for Rdh and Madhava. Text 5 (b) paurams: vatsa ki ucyate. madhurya-samsargino naisargikasya paraspara-vallabhana vidagdha-mithunana premasrnkhaalabandhasya paramotkarsa-rekhaya danta kila rdhmadhavayor bhavamrta-bhuma. vatsaO child; kimwhat?; ucyateis said; madhuryasweetness; samsarginatouching; naisargikasyanatural; parasparamutual; vallabhanamdear; vidagdhaexpert; mithunanamof amorous couples; premaof love; srnkhalawith the shackles; bandhasyaof the bondage; paramasupreme; utkarsaof excellence; rekhayamin the line; danta example; kilaindeed; rdh-madhavayofor Rdh and Madhava; bhavaof love; amrtaof the nectar; bhuma flood. Paurams: Child, what more need be said? The flood of the nectar of love that Rdh and Madhava bear for each other is the supreme example of the naturally sweet chains of love that bind beautiful, expert amorous couples. Text 5 (c) vnd: bhagavati sruyatam yasti vasti na panina kalayitu srnge na sagarthita dhatte dhatubhir aga-mandanamayi nangi-karoti kriyam parna vadayate na ghurnita-manas tire ktanta-svasu kintutklamyati mukta-vibhrama-guna-gramo 'dya damodara bhagavatiO noble lady; sruyatamlet it be heard; yastimthe stick; vastidesires; nanot; paninawith the hand; kalayitumto hold; srngein the buffalo-horn bugle; nanot; sagatouch; arthitam the desire; dhatteplaces; dhatubhi with mineral pigments; aga of the limbs; mandana-mayimdecoration; nanot; angi-karoti accepts; kriyamthe activity; parnama leaf; vadayatecauses to count; nanot; ghurnitareeling; manawhose mind; tireon the shore; ktanta-svasu of the Yamuna River, the sister of Yamaraja; kintuhowever; utklamayatiis depressed; muktareleased;

vibhramaplayful; gunaof qualities; gramaa host; adyanow; damodaraKa. Vnd: O noble lady, listen: Ka does not wish to hold the staff in His hand. He has no desire to touch His buffalo-horn bugle. He will not decorate His body with mineral pigments. he no longer plays His leaf-flute. His great playfulness gone and His mind reeling, Ka now stays by the shore of the Yamuna. He is very depressed. Text 6 (a) paurams: (sa-khedam) kim idam. sawith; khedamunhappiness; kimwhat?; idamthis. Paurams: (Unhappy) Why is Ka so depressed? Text 6 (b) madhumagala: lalida-kaudillena. lalidaof Lalit; kaudillenaby the crookedness. Madhumagala: It is because of the crookedness of Lalit. Text 6 (c) paurams: nuna lalitya hathanuvartita-mana vartate rdh. nunamis it not so?; lalityaby Lalit; hathaviolence; anuvartita following; manajealous anger; vartateis; rdhRdh. Paurams: Has Lalit not created this violent jealous anger in Rdh? Text 6 (d) vnd: atha kim.

athathen; kimhow? Vnd: How is that? Text 6 (e) paurams: na jane kva khalv adya lalitdaya. nanot; janeI know; kvawhere?; khaluindeed; adyanow; lalit-adayaLalit and the other gopis. Paurams: I do not know. Where are Lalit and her friends now? Text 6 (f) vnd: tasam uddesaya maya subala presito 'sti. tasamof them; uddesayato find; mayaby me; subala Subala; presitasend; astiis. Vnd: I sent Subala to find them. Text 6 (g) (praviya) subala: ajje vandemi. praviyaentering; ajjeO noble lady; vandemiI offer my respects. (Subala enters). Subala: O noble lady, I offer my respects to you. Text 6 (h) paurams: subala kva da rdhdaya.

subalaO Subala; kvawhere?; dawere seen; rdh-adaya Rdh and the other gopis. Paurams: Subala, where did you find Rdh and the other gopis? Text 6 (i) subala: muhara-gharobanta-vatthino rasalassa mule. muharaof Mukhara; gharathe home; ubantanear; vatthino staying; rasalassaof a mango tree; muleat the base. Subala: They are under a mango tree near Mukhara's house. Text 6 (j) paurams: vatsa madhumagala turnam anustya rdhikm abhisarayanty asmi. tad etaya sukti-candrikaya tvam anandaya mukundam. vatsaO child; madhumagalaMadhumagala; turnamquickly; anustyaapproaching; rdhikmRdh; abhisarayantibringing to the rendezvous; asmiI am; tattherefore; etayawith this; su-ukti of pleasing words; candrikayawith the moonlight; tvamyou; anandayaplease delight; mukudamKa. Paurams: Child Madhumagala, I shll quickly go to Rdhik and convince Her to meet with Ka. You please cheer Ka up with the moonlight of this good news. Text 6 (k) (madhumagala sa-harsa nikrntah). madhumagalaMadhumagala; sawith; harsamhappiness; nikrntaexits. (Madhumagala happily exits).

Text 6 (l) vnd: (janantikam) subala maya samarpitam padya tvaya ki nama visakhaya sacaritam. janathe person; antikamnear; subalaO Subala; mayaby me; sama pitamgiven; padyama verse; tvayaby you; kimwhether?; namaindeed; visakhayamto Visakha; sacaritamgiven. Vnd: (coming near) Subala, I have written a message in verse. Can you carry it to Visakha? Text 6 (m) subala: adha im. adhathen; imwhat? Subala: What is the message? Text 6 (n) paurams: vnde yavat prasadya prasadhya ca rdh sacaraymi tavad adhunvabhya pura kadamba-nikuje visramyatam. vndeO Vnd; yavatwhen; prasadyapacifying; prasadhya decoration; caand; rdhmRdh; sacarayamiI bring; tavat then; adhunnow; avabhyamof us both; purain the presence; kadambaof kadamba trees; nikujein the grove; visramyatamis rested.

Paurams: Vnd, I shall pacify Rdh, decorate Her nicely and bring Her to meet Ka. Then we shall both wait in the grove of kadamba trees. Text 6 (o)

(vnd subalena saha nikrnt). vndVnd; subalenaSubala; sahawith; nikrntaexits. (Accompanied by Subala, Vnd exits). Text 6 (p) paurams: (parikramya) katha laliteyam ayati. parikramyawalking; kathamwhether?; lalitLalit; iyamshe; ayaticomes. Paurams: (Walking) Is this Lalit coming here? Text 6 (q) lalit: bha-avadi tumha sa-asa gacchanti mhi. bh-avadiO noble lady; tumhaof you; sa-asamthe presence; gacchantiattaining; mhiI am. Lalit: O noble lady, I was just going to meet with you. Text 6 (r) paurams: kim artham. kimwhat?; arthamis the purpose. Paurams: Why? Text 6 (s) lalit: ajje tina dhuttena puno puno abarajida pi-a-sahi lahava amani-a sutthu ukkanthedi. ta ki karissam.

ajjeO noble lady; tinaby this; dhuttenavillain; punoagain; punoagain; abarajidainsulted; pi-a-dear; sahifriend; lahavam offense; amani-anot considering; sutthuintently; ukkanthedi longs; tatherefore; kimwhat?; karissamshall I do. Lalit: O noble lady, although this villain Ka again and again insults my dear frien Rdh, She does not take offense. Indeed, She longs to be with Him! What shall I do? Text 6 (t) paurams: vatse munca mudha-kalusyam. napardhyati madhava. kintu madhumagala-pramaditaiva va khedaya babhuva. vatseO child; muncagive up; mudhauseless; kalusyam defamation; nanot; apardhyatioffends; madhavaKa; kintu however; madhumagalaby Madhumagala; pramaditamocked; eva certainly; vaof you; khedayafor distress; babhuvahas become. Paurams: Child, give up these useless rebukes. Madhava has not committed any offense, it is Madhumagala's offense that has made you unhappy. Text 6 (u) lalit: (svagatam) mama hi evva nandimuhi-e kathidam. (prakasam) ajje pekkha esa rhi rasalasya mule kampanti kimpi jappadi. svagatamaside; mamato me; bieven; evvamin this way; nandimuhi-eby Nandimukhi; kathidamwas spoken; prakasam openly; ajjeO noble lady; pekkhalook!; esaShe; rhiRdh; rasalasyaof the mango tree; muleat the base; kampanti trembling; kimpisomething; jappadisays. Lalit: (aside) Nandimukhi told me the same thing. (Openly) O noble lady, look! There is Rdh under a mango trees. She is trembling as She speaks some words. Text 6 (v)

(tata praviati sanutapa rdh). rdh: (sansktena) karnante na kta priyokti-racana kipra maya durato malli-dama nikama-pathya-vacase rusa kalpita ksoni-lagna-sikhanda-sekharam asau nabhyarthayann ikita svanta hanta mamadya tena khadiragarena dandahyate tatathen; praviatienters; sawith; anutapamremorse; rdhRdh; sansktenain Sanskrit; karnaof the ear; antein the edge; nanot; ktadone; priyasweet; uktiof words; racanathe doing; kipramquickly; mayaby Me; duratafar away; malliof jasmine flowers; damathe garland; nikamavery; pathyabeneficial; vacasewhose words; sakhyaito My friend; rusaanger; kalpita directed; ksonion the earth; lagnaresting; sikhanda-sekharam peacock feather crown; asauHe; nanot; abhyarthayanpraying; ikitais seen; svaown; antamheart; hantaindeed; mamaof Me; adyanow; tenaby this; khadirakhadira wood; anarenaby the burning cinder; dandahyatecontinually burns. (Filled with regret, Rdh enters) Rdh: No sweet words enter My ear. I immediately threw the jasmine garland far away. I was angry with the gopi-friend who spoke words for My benefit. I do not see Him placing His peacock-feather crown on the ground and begging with many prayers. Ignited by a khadira cinder, My heart continually burns. Text 7 (a) paurams: putri pracchannam upastya srnuva prema-vilasam. (ity ubhe tatha sthite). putriO daughter; prachchannamhidden; upastya approaching; srnuvalet us hear; premaof love; vilasamthe pastimes; itithus; ubheboth of them; tathain that way; sthite stand. Paurams: Daughter, let us approach, hide nearby and eavesdrop Her description of the pastimes of love. (The two of them do that). Text 7 (b)

rdhik: (sa-capalam. puna sansktena) dhanyas ta harini-da sa ramate yabhir navino yuva (puna sa-sankam) svaira capalam akalayya lalit ma hanta nindisyati (puna sautsukyam) govinda parirabdhum indu-vadana ha cittam utkanthate (puna samarsam) dhig vama vidhim astu yena garala manabhidha nirmame sawith; capalamrestlessness; punaagain; sansktenain Sanskrit; dhanyafortunate; tathey; harini-dadoe-eyed girls; saHe; ramateenjoys pastimes; yabhiwith whom; navinah yuva youthful Ka; punaagain; sawith; sankamfear; svairam independent; capalamfickleness; akalayyaseeing; lalitLalit; mamMe; hantaindeed; nandisyatiwill rebuke; punaagain; sa with; autsukyameagerness; govindamKa; parirabdhumto embrace; indumoon; vadanamwhose face; haah!; cittamheart; utkanthateyearns; punaagain; sawith; amarasamanger; dhik fie!; vamamcontrary; vidhimfate; astumay be; yenaby which; garalamthe poison; manajealous anger; abhidhamnamed; nirmamecreated. Rdhik: (Restless, She says in Sanskrit:) the doe-eyed girls who enjoy pastimes with youthful Ka are very fortunate. (Frightened) Lalit will see how I have become unsteady and independent, and she will rebuke Me. (Yearning) My heart yearns to embrace moon-faced Govinda. (Angry) To hell with the wicked fate that has created this poison named "jealous anger". Text 8 (a) lalit: adakhine cittha. sa-a jeva kanha nirakadu-a bhrngi-e me dusesi. adakkhineO foolish girl; citthastop; sa-ampersonally; jeva certainly; kanhamKa; nirakadu-arejecting; bhrngi-eas a wanton girl; meme; dusesiYou rebuke. Lalit: Fool! Stop! You rejected Ka on Your own account. Now You criticize me for being a wanton girl.

Text 8 (b) rdhik: (bhrngim avekya. sansktena) krimir api namitatma hanta vndvane 'smin kalayati nija-maulau barha-mauler nidesam anunayati muhur ma netu-kamaliniya yad-amala-madhuroktis tasya di sathasya bhrngima bee; avekyaseeing; sansktenain Sanskrit; krimi an insect; apialthough; namitahumble; atmaat heart; hanta indeed; vndvaneVndvana; asminin this; kalayatibears; nija own; maulauon the crown; barha-mauleof Ka, who wears a crown of peacock feathers; anunayatipacifies; muhurepeatedly; mamMe; netuto bring; kamadesiring; alinibee; iyamthis; yat which; amalasplendid; madhurasweet; uktiwords; tastyaof Him; dimthe glance; sathasyathe rake. Rdhik: (She notices a bee, and says in Sanskrit:) This humble even though it is only an insect , this humble bee still bows down to the land of Vndvana. On it's head, this bears the message of peacock-feather crowned Ka. Desiring to bring Me to Ka, this bee repeatedly tries to pacify Me by speaking sweet words just like that scoundrel Ka. Text 9 (a) paurams: (sa-narma-smitam) nikhilam eva vndtavi-pranivnd duti-bhutam iya manyate maha-manini. sawith; narmaa playful; smitamsmile; nikhilamall; eva certainly; vnd-ataviin Vndvana forest; praniof living entities; vndmthe host; dutimessenger; bhutambecome; iyamShe; manyateconsiders; maha-maninifilled with jealous anger. Paurams: (With a playful smile) Filled with jealous anger, She now thinks that all the creatures in Vndvanam forest are messengers from Ka. Text 9 (b)

rdhik: (premavesa natayanti. sa-camatkaram) kadha eso ma mottima pariraddhu ubasanno kanho. premaof love; avesamthe entrance; natayantirepresenting dramatically; sawith; camatkaramwonder; kadhamhow is it?; eso He; mamto Me; mottimamforcibly; pariraddhumto embrace; ubasannoapproached; kanhoKa. Rdhik: (Overwhelmed with love and filled with wonder). How is it that Ka has now come to violently embrace Me? Text 9 (c) paurams: gambhiranuraga-vivarto 'yam. yad asyam madhavasya visphuranam. gambhiradeep; anuragaof love; vivartaecstatic transformation; ayamthis; yatwhich; asyamin Her; madhavasya of Ka; visphuranamthe appearance. Paurams: This is the symptom of deep love. Rdh thinks that Madhava has now appeared before Her. Text 9 (d) rdhik: (sa-hunkara paravtya) hanta bho vanka-kala-sali canda-ali-koda-cirasaga-bhangura-kuraga avehi. eso tuma paribhavisasi ma-e. (iti karnotpala kipanti). sawith; hunkaraman angry moan; paravtyaturning; hanta ah!; bhoah!; vankacrooked; kalaart; salipossessing; canda-ali of Candravali; kodaon the breast; cirafor a long time; asaga resting; bhanguradelicate; kuragadeer; abehibegone! esoHe; tumamYou; paribhavissasiare despised; ma-eby Me; itithus; karnaon the ear; utpalamthe lotus; kipantithrowing. Rdhik: (makes an angry moan, and turns around). O artist of deceit, O crooked pet deer who stays always on the breast of Candravali, begone! I hate You! (She throws down the lotus flower from Her ear).

Text 9 (e) (sansktena) yamuna-tira-kadamba samprati mama hanta sakino yuyam esa balan mam abala gokula-dhurta kadarthayati sansktenain Sanskrit; yamunaof the Yamuna; tiraon the shore; kadambaO kadamba trees; sampratinow; mamaMy; hanta indeed; sakinawitnesses; yuyamyou; esaHe; balat violently; mamMe; abalama weak woman; gokulaof Gokula; dhurtathe villain; kadarthayatitortures. (In Sanskrit) O kadamba trees on the shore of the Yamuna, you are My witnesses. I am a weak woman, and this Ka, the villain of Gokula is now violently torturing Me. Text 10 (a) paurams: lalite para kotim adhirudha rdhikotkantha. tad iya tvaritam abhisaryatam. laliteO Lalit; param kotimthe ultimate stage; adhirudha ascended; rdhikof Rdhik; utkanthathe yearnings; tat therefore; iyamShe; tvaritamquickly; abhisaryatamshould be brought to meet Ka. Paurams: Lalit, Rdhik is overwhelmed with longings. Bring Her to Ka at once. Text 10 (b) lalit: (parikramya) hala rhi ekka jjevva ki mantesi. parikramyawalking; halaO; rhiRdh; ekkaalone; jjevva certainly; kimwhat?; mantesiare You saying.

Lalit: (Walking) Rdh, what are You saying to Yourself? Text 10 (c) rdhik: (lalidam alokya. svagatam) kadha sacca jevva ekkamhi. ja kanho na disa-i. (iti sautsukyam) hala lalide para-tanu-pavesa-vijja kaham iha samena kamina padhida mama hi-a-e mananni pavis-i-a nivvabido jena lalitmLalit; alokyaseeing; svagatamaside; kadhamhow?; saccamin truth; jevvacertainly; ekkamhiI am alone; jamwhich; kanhoKa; nanot; disa-iis seen; itithus; sawith; autsukyam eagerness; halaO; lalideLalit; paraof another; tanuinto the body; pavesaof entering; vijjathe science; kahamhow is it?; iha here; samenaby Ka; kaminaamorous; padhidawas learned; mamaof Me; hi-a-ein the heart; manannithe fire of jealous anger; pavisa-i-aentering; nivvabidoextinguished; jenaby whom. Rdhik: (sees Lalit, and says to Herself) How am I alone? She does not see Ka. (Eagerly) O Lalit, How has amorous Ka learned this science of entering someone else's body? He has entering My heart and extinguished the fire of jealous anger burning there. Text 11 (a) (praviya) visakha: hala subala-hatthado laddha i-a patti-a. praviyaentering; halaah!; subalaof Subala; hatthadofrom the hand; laddhaobtained; i-amthis; patti-aletter. (Visakha enters). Visakha: I got this letter from the hand of Subala. Text 11 (b) lalit: (grhitv vacayati) medhyo 'pi madhavikkaya madhupo yad esa kipta svaya pracalata nava-pallavena

tasya khalu kitir iya susamakayena nandaty aya tu viruvann aravindinisu grhitvtaking; vacayatireads; medhyasplendid; api although; madhavikayaby the madhavi creeper; madhupathe bee; yatbecause; esaHe; kiptatossed; svayampersonally; pracalatamoving; navafresh; pallavenaby the blossom; tasya of that creeper; khalucertainly; kitidestruction; iyamthis; susamaHe; tuindeed; viruvanbuzzing; aravindinisuamong the lotus flowers. Lalit: (Taken the letter and reads aloud) If, even though the black bee has not committed any offense, the madhavi creeper still tossess it aside with its a moving newly blossommed tendril, then the buzzing bee will simply enjoy other pastimes, buzzing with sweet words among the lotus flowers. Note: In this allegory Ka is the black bee, Rdh is the madhavi creeper, and Rdh's gopi rivals are the lotus flowers. Text 12 rdhik: (sa-visadam. sansktena) ajani vimukha sanke pankeruhaki vicakano mayi madhu-ripur dosa-sreni-vihara-vana-sriyam akalita-rasa suci-viddho raja prasarandha-dhir na madhupa-yuva ki ketakya viraktim upaisyati sawith; visadamgrief; sansktenain Sanskrit; ajanibecame; vimukhaaverse; sankeI fear; pankeruhalotus; akieyes; vicakanaexpert; mayito Me; madhu-ripuKa, the enemy of Madhu; dosaof faults; srenia host; vihara-vana-sriyamthe place for recreation; akalitawithout; rajaof pollen; prasaraan abundance; andhablinded; dhiwhose heart; nanot; madhupa bumble-bee; yuvayoung; kimwhy?; ketakyamthe ketakiflower; viraktimrenunciation; upaisyatiwill attain. Rdhik: (Grieving, She say in Sanskrit) O lotus-eyed girl, I fear that because I am a playground for a host of faults, expert and intelligent Ka is now averse to Me. Stung by thorns, blinded by pollen, and not finding any nectar, why should a young bumble-bee not turn from a ketaki flower?

Text 13 (a) paurams: na hi candrena candrikaya moka kadapi sambhavati. nanot; hiindeed; candrenaby the moon; candrikayafrom the moonlight; mokafreedom; kada apiever; sambhavatiis possible. Paurams: The moon can never be separated from moonlight. Text 13 (b) visakha: hala samassasa. tuha ukkanthida takki-a ma-e kanha-pautti vinnadu nandimuhi pesidatthi. halaO; samassasabe comforted; tuhaof You; ukkanthidam longing; takki-aguessing; ma-eby me; kanhaof Ka; pa-uttim the activity; vinnadumto understand; nandimuhiNandimukhi; pesidatthiwas sent. Visakha: Please calm down. I thought You would be very anxious and so I sent Nandimukhi to discover what Ka is doing now. Text 13 (c) (praviya) nandimukhi: (sansktena) mrdur api nisargatas tva katham ardre madhave kathorasi athava navanita-puti hima-drave kakkhata praiki praviyaentering; sansktenain Sanskrit; mrdugentle; api although; nisargataby nature; tvamYou; kathamwhy?; ardre soft; madhavetowards Ka; kathorahard; asiYou are; athava or; navanita-putifresh butter; hima-dravein ice; kakkhatahard; praikiis seen.

(Nandimukhi enters). Nandimukhi: (In Sanskrit) By nature You are gentle. Why are You so hard on this poor Madhava (Ka)? You are hard as butter frozen into ice. Text 14 (a) rdhik: hala abi nama suha vattadi mahavo. halaah!; abihow?; namaindeed; suhamhappiness; vattadi is manifested; mahavoKa. Rdhik: Is Madhava happy now? Text 14 (b) nandimukhi: (sansktena) kanam api na suhrdbhir narma-gosthi vidhatte racayati na ca cuda campakana cayena param iha mura-vairi yogivan mukta-bhogas tava sakhi mukha-candra cintayan nirvrnoti sansktenain Sanskrit; kanamfor a moment; apinot; suhrdbhiwith friends; narmajoking; gosthimconversation; vidhattedoes; racayatifashions; nanot; caand; cudama crown; campakanamof campaka flowers; cayenawith a host; param furthermore; ihahere; mura-vairiKa, the enemy of Mura; yogi a yogi; vatlike; muktaabandoned; bhogasense-gratification; tavaof You; sakhiO friend; mukhaof the face; candramthe moon; cintayanmeditating; nirvrnotiexperiences happiness. Nandimukhi: (In Sanskrit) He will not joke with His friends for even a moment, and He will not wear His crown of campaka flowers. Renouncing all sense-gratification, Ka has become like a yogi meditating on Your moonlike face. In this way He experiences great transcendental bliss. Text 15

rdhik: (visakha parisvajya. sansktena) bhuyo bhuya kali-vilasitai sapardhpi rdh slaghyenaha yad agha-ripuna badham angi-ktasmi tatra kamodari kim apara karana va sakhina dattamoda praguna-karuna-majarim antarena visakhaVisakha; parisvajyaembracing; sansktenain Sanskrit; bhuyaagain; bhuyaand again; kaliof quarreling; vilasitawith pastimes; sawith; apardhoffense; apialthough; rdhRdh; slaghyenaglorious; ahamI; yatbecause; agha-ripunaby Ka, the enemy of Aghasura; badhamindeed; agai-ktaaccepted; asmi am; tatrain this; kama-udariO slender-waisted girl; kimwhat?; aparamfurther; karanamcause; vaof you; sakhinamfriends; dattagiven; amodamhappiness; pragunaexcellent; karunaof mercy; majarimthe flower blossom; antarenawithout. Rdhik: (Embracing Visakha, She says in Sanskrit:) Again and again this Rdh has quarreled with Ka and offended Him. Glorious Ka is still willing to accept Me back. O slender-waisted girl, what reason is there for His taking Me back other than the delightful flower blossom of the great mercy of you, My friends? Text 16 nepathye: garvodagra kalam avilaka tanvatam anya-pusta nispratyuha mrga-yuvataya sasyam asvadayantu simantinyo grha-nayamayi silayantu pranali dhurto venur viharati kare nadya pitambarasya nepathyefrom behind the scenes; garvapride; udagra with great; kalamcooing sounds; avikalamgreat; tanvatammay do; anya-pustathe cuckoos; nispratyuhamwithout obstruction; mrgayuvatayadoes; sasyamgrass; asvadayantumay eat; simantinya the gopis; grhato their homes; nayaleading; mayimconsisting; silayantumay take; pranalimthe path; dhurtathe villain; venu flute; viharatiplays; karein the hand; nanot; adyanow; pitaambarasyaof Lord Ka, who is dressed in yellow garments.

A Voice From Behind the Scenes: Now the cuckoos may proudly coo, the young does may eat grass without any interruption, and the gopis may walk on the paths leading to their homes, for at this moment the villain flute does not play n the hand of Lord Ka. Text 17 rdhik: (vamsim udghatya. sopalambham) sad-vaatas tava jani puruottamasya pau sthitir muralike saralsi jty kasmt tvay sakhi guror viam ghit gopgan-gaa-vimohana-mantra-dik vamsimthe flute; udghatyarevealing; sawith; upalambham scorn; sat-vaatavery respectable families; tavayour; jani birth; puruot-tamasyaof Lord r Ka; pauin the hands; sthitiresidence; muralikeO good flute; saralsimple; asiyou are; jtyby birth; kasmtwhy; tvayby you; sakhiO my dear friend; guro from the spiritual master; viamdangerous; ghit taken; gop-agan-vimohanafor bewilering the groups of the gops; mantra-dksinitiation in the mantra. Rdhik: (revealing the flute, She says with scorn:) " `My dear friend the flute, it appears that you have been born of a very good family, for your residence in the hands of r Ka. By birth you are simple and are not at all crooked. Why then have you taken initiation into this dangerous mantra that enchants the assembled gops?' Text 18 (a) visakha: hala uccari-a i-a vamsi ja marudahimuhi-kida sa-a sadda-edi. halaah!; uccari-adoing; i-amthis; vamsiflute; jamwhich; marudaof the wind; ahimuhito the face; kidaplaced; sa-am spontaneously; sadda-edisounds. Visakha: When placed before the wind this flute plays music by itself.

Text 18 (b) rdhik: sahi parikkhassam. (iti tatha karoti). sahiO friend; parikkhassamI shall test; itithus; tathain that way; karotidoes. Rdhik: Friend, I shall test it. (She does that). Text 18 (c) visakha: sunijja-u mahura ka-ali. lalit varehi asunodu kanhassa parivara. sunijja-ulet it heard; mahurathe sweet; ka-alimusical sound; lalitmcharming; varehimbeautiful; asunodumay hear; kanhassa of Ka; parivarathe friends. Visakha: Listen to the sweet sounds. Now Ka's friends may also hear the flute. Text 18 (d) (praviya) vnd: (pracchannam) bhagavati na kadapi vamsi deyeti srutam maya lalit-durmantritam. praviyaentering; pracchannamin private; bhagavatiO noble lady; nanot; kada apiat any time; vamsithe flute; deyashould be given; itithus; srutamheard; mayaby me; lalitby Lalit; durmantritamill-advised. (Vnd enters). Vnd: (In private) O noble lady, I have heard that the flute should not be placed to the wind like this. Lalit has given you bad advise. Text 18 (e) paurams: vatse yuktim ayatya karisyami.

vatseO child; yuktima plan; ayatyamin the future; karisyami I shall execute. Paurams: Child, I shall remedy this in the future. Text 18 (f) (praviya) jatila: nuna ido kanhena milida ja murali vadida. (vilokya) avvo kaha vasahanavi-hatthe kanhassa vamsi. ta ninhuda gadu-a na gehissam. (iti sahasopastya samarsam) ayi duvvinida-go-ala-putti-e munca murali-am. (ity akrsya grhnati). nunamis it not so?; idotherefore; kanhenawith Ka; milidam met; jambecause; muralithe flute; vadidawas sounded; vilokya looking; avvoaha!; kahamwhy?; vasahanaviof Rdh, the daughter of Maharaja Vrsabhanu; hatthein the hand; kanhassaof Ka; vamsithe flute; tatherefore; ninhudamsecretly; gadu-a going; namit; gehissamI shall take; itithus; sahasaquickly; upastyaapproaching; sa-amarsamwith anger; ayiO; duvvinda immoral; go-alaof a cowherd; putti-eO daughter; muncagive up; murali-amthe flute; itithus; akrayapulling; grhnatitakes. (Jatila enters). Jatila: The flute was played. Is it not true that Ka must be here? (Looking) Aha! The flute is in the hand of Maharaja Vrsabhanu's daughter Rdh. I shall stealthily approach and take it. (Angry, she quickly approaches) O immoral gopi, give up the flute. (She pulls the flute away). Text 18 (g) lalit: haddhi pamado. kadha vuddhi-a atakkida murali aatthida. haddhialas!; pamadoa catastrophe; kadhamhow is it; vuddhiaby the old lady; atakkiamunexpectedly; muralithe flute; aatthidawas taken.

Lalit: Alas! A calamity! How is it that the old lady unexpectedly pulled away the flute? Text 18 (h) jatila: na kkhu bha-avadi-e paurams-e damsa-issa ja majja bhanida na patthi-a-edi. namthis; kkhuindeed; bha-avadi-eto the noble lady; paurams-ePaurams; damsa-issamI will show; jawhich; majjaby me; bhanidamspoken; nanot; patthi-a-ediwill believe. Jatila: I will show it to the noble Paurams. If I were only to tell her she would not believe me. Text 18 (i) paurams: putri vnde gahana kastam apatitam. pasya jatila mamotaja-disa prayati. putriO daughter; vndeVnd; gahanama great; kastam calamity; apatitamhas fallen; pasyalook!; jatilaJatila; mamamy; utajaof the cottage; disamin the direction; prayatigoes. Paurams: O daughter Vnd, this is a great calamity. Look! Jatila is going in the direction of my cottage. Text 18 (j) vnd: bhagavati ma cintaya. kipram asau murali lunthayami. (iti nikrnt). bhagavatiO noble lady; madon't; cintayabe anxious; kipram quickly; asauthis; muralimflute; lunthayamiI shall steal; iti thus; nikrntaexits. Vnd: O noble lady, don't worry. In a moment I'll rob her of this flute. (She exits). Text 18 (k)

lalit: (sa-bhayam anustya) ajje kisa ali-a sankasi ja esa kalindi-kulamhi amhehi laddha. sawith; bhayamfear; anustyafollowing; ajjeO noble lady; kisawhy?; ali-amdeception; sankasido you fear; jambecause; esathis flute; kalindiof the Yamuna River; kulamhion the shore; amhehiby us; laddhawas obtained. Lalit: (timorously following behind) O noble lady, why have you become suspicious? We found this flute on the shore of the Yamuna. Text 18 (l) jatila: (sa-rosam) cabale dumhantini cittha cittha. sawith; rosamanger; cabaleO restless girl; dumhantiniO giver of bad advise; citthastop!; citthastop! Jatila: (Angry) O fickle girl, O speaker of lies, stop! Stop! Text 18 (m) (praviya) subala: ajje jadile pekkha dahi-lampada makkadi tujjha ghara pavisa-i. praviyaentering; ajjeO noble lady; jadileJatila; pekkhalook!; dahiof yogurt; lampadathe thief; makkadithe female monkey; tujjhayour; gharamhouse; pavisa-ienters. (Subala enters). Subala: O noble Jatila, look! The monkey who steals yogurt is now entering your house! Text 18 (n) jatila: (saci-grivam alokya) subala sacca kahesi. makkhana-corini esa makkadi. (iti paravtya dhavanti nikrnt).

sacitilted; grivamneck; alokyalooking; subalaO Subala; saccamthe truth; kehesiyou speak; makkhanabutter; corinithe thief; esashe; makkadithe female monkey; itithus; paravtya turning; dhavantirunning; nikrntaexits. Jatila: (tilting her neck, she looks) Subala, you speak the truth. That monkey is about to steal my stock of butter. (She changes directions and runs off). Text 18 (o) paurams: nuna vndya preritasti kakkhatiya nama jaranmarkati. nunamis it not so?; vndyaby Vnd; preritasent; astiis; kakkhatiKakkhati; iyamthis; namanamed; jaratold; markati female monkey. Paurams: Vnd sent this old monkey named Kakkhati, did she not? Text 18 (p) subala: nandimuhi pekkha. pakkhittena venuna mudha-jadila-e makkadi tadida. nandimuhiNandimukhi; pekkhalook!; pakkhittenathrown; venunaby the flute; mudhabewildered; jadila-eby Jatila; makkadi the monkey; taditawas struck. Subala: Nandimukhi, look! Jatila became bewildered. She threw the flute at the monkey and hit her with it. Text 18 (q) paurams: (sa-harsam) distya muralim adaya kakkhatiya kadambam adhirudha.

sawith; harsamhappiness; distyaby good fortune; muralim the flute; adayataking; kakkhatiKakkhati; iyamthis monkey; kadambama kadamba tree; adhirudhahas climbed. Paurams: (Happily) Fortunately this monkey Kakkhati has taken the flute and now climbed a kadamba tree. Text 18 (r) (sarva praharsa natayanti). sarvaeveryone; praharsamhappiness; natayantirepresents dramatically. (Everyone becomes happy). Text 18 (s) (praviya) jatila: haddhi vaccha subala hatthado me murali gada. ta tujjha ninamchana jami. samappehi me vamsi-am. haddhialas!; vacchachild; subalaSubala; hatthadofrom the hand; memy; muralithe flute; gadais gone; tatherefore; tujjha of you; nimanchanamthe stirring; jamiI attain; samappehiplease give; meto me; vamsi-amthe flute. (Jatila enters). Jatila: Alas! Subala, my child, the flute is no longer in my hand. I request you; bring me the flute. Text 18 (t) subala: ajje jahattha-nama esa kakkhati ke-ala tujjha bahiniputtado visalado bha-edi. ta govahdhana-singe khelanta na gadu-a abhyatthehi. ajjeO noble lady; jahatthaappropriate; namawhose name; esa this; kakkhatiKakkhati; ke-alamexclusively; tujjhaof you; bahini of the sister; puttadofrom the son; visaladovila; bha-edi

fears; tatherefore; govaddhdhanaof Govardhana Hill; singeon the summit; khelantamenjoying pastimes; namthis; gadu-ahaving gone; abhyatthehiyou should request. Subala: Kakkhati is a good name for this monkey. O noble lady, this monkey si afraid of only one person: Your nephew Visala. Visala is now playing on top of Govardhana Hill. Go you should go there and ask him to help. Text 18 (u) (jatila nikrnt). jatilaJatila; nikrntaexits. (Jatila exits). Text 18 (v) paurams: distya vyajena jarati duram apasarya dhurto 'ya bhru-vibhramena lalit tvarayati. distyaby good fortune; vyajenaby a trick; jaratimthe old lady; duramfar away; apasaryasending; dhurtavillain; ayamthis; bhruvibhramenaby moving the eyebrows; lalitmLalit; tvarayati causes to hurry. Paurams: By good fortune the rascal Subala has now sent the old lady far away, and now, by knitting his eyebrows, he makes Lalit hastne here. Text 18 (w) lalit: (netra-pranta kunayanti) hala rhi ehi. venu maggamhe. netraof the eyes; prantamthe corner; kunayanti ; halaO; rhiRdh; ehicome; venumfor the flute; maggamhelet us search.

Lalit: (Glancing from the corners of her eyes) Rdh, come. Let us search for the flute. Text 18 (x) rdhik: (svagatam) ditthi-a ahisaredi mam. svagatamaside; ditthi-aby good fortune; ahisaredimeets; mamMe. Rdhik: (Aside) By good luck now I shall be able to meet with Lord Ka. Text 18 (y) (praviyapati-kepena) mukhara: visakhe ahimannu sandisa-i ajja jo-iti-ana upadesena ma-e gomagala nama candi pu-anijja. ta pu-anopahara ghetuna tuma cecca-rukkhassa tale rhi-a lambhaya tti. praviyaentering; apatiof the curtain; kepenawith tossing; visakheO Visakha; ahimannuAbhimanyu; sandisatiinstructs; ajja now; jo-iti-anamof the astrologers; upadesenaby the advice; maeby me; gomagalaGomagala; namanamed; candiDurga; puanijjais to be worshiped; tatherefore; pu-anaof worship; upaharamthe articles; ghetunataking; tumamYou; ceccarukkhassaof a caitya tree; taleat the base; rhi-amRdhik; lambhayayou should bring; ttithus. (Tossing the backdrop curtain, aside, Mukhara hastily enters). Mukhara: O Visakha, Abhimanyu said to me: "Today the astrologers have instructed me to worship the form of the goddess Durga named Gomagala. Please take the articles of worship and, bringing Rdh with you, meet me under the caitya tree." Text 18 (z) rdhik: (sa-khedam apavarya) hanta dudde-assa padi-ullam. (iti lalit-mukha ikate).

sawith; khedamgrief; apavaryaconcealing; hantaindeed; dudde-assaof misfortune; padi-ullamthe misfortune; itithus; lalit of Lalit; mukhamat the face; ikatelooks. Rdhik: (Unhappily She says to Herself, concealing Her words from other's ears) Alas! Misfortune of misfortunes! (She gazes at Lalit's face). Text 18 (aa) lalit: hala sacca-nama eso ahimannu. ta gadu-a pu-anobahara campademhi. halaah!; saccatruth; namaname; esohe; ahimannu Abhimanyu; tatherefore; gadu-agoing; pua-anaof worship; ubaharamthe paraphernalia; sampademhilet us assemble. Lalit: Ah! The name Abhimanyu (angry) fits him perfectly. Let us go and assemble the paraphernalia of worship. Text 18 (bb) (iti sarva nikrntah). itithus; sarvaeveryone; nikrntaexits. (Everyone exits). Text 18 (cc) paurams: (subalam anustya sa-vyatham) vatsa duhsamadhaneya gatir upasthita. tad adya vndya saha gatv samasvasyata tvaya patavena pundarikaka. maya tu pramanikapurandhrina gostim asadya jatila-kautilya varnayisyate. (iti nikrnt). subalaSubala; anustyafollowing; sawith; vyathamanxiety; vatsaO child; duhsamadhanaunfortunate; iyamthis; gati course of events; upasthitaoccurred; tattherefore; adyanow;

vndyaVnd; sahawith; gatvhaving gone; samasvasyatam should be consoled; tvayaby you; patavenaexpertly; pundarikapurandhrinamof the elderly women; gostimthe assembly; asadya entering; jatilaof Jatila; kautilyamthe crookedness; varnayisyate will be described; itithus; nikrntaexits. Paurams: (Approaching Subala, she says, with anxiety) Child, this is a great calamity. Now you and Vnd should go to lotus-eyed Ka and expertly console Him, and I shall go to the elderly women and describe to them the diplomatic crookedness of Jatila. (She exits). Text 18 (dd) subala: (parikramya) esa tamala-tale dahina-hatthe gahidavamsi-a vunda cittha-i. parikramaywalking; esathis; tamalaof the tamala tree; tale at the base; dahina-hatthein the right hand; gahidataken; vamsi-a the flute; vundaVnd; cittha-istands. Subala: (Walking) There is Vnd standing under a tamala tree and holding the flute in her right hand. Text 18 (ee) (praviya) vnd: bho subala vilokita-sarvarthasmi. tad ala tad-vartaya. praviyaentering; bhoO; subalaSubala; vilokitaseen; sarva all; arthameaning; asmiI am; tattherefore; alamwhat is the need?; tatof that; vartayawith the news. (Vnd enters). Vnd: Subala, I have already seen everything. What need is there of telling me what has happened? Text 18 (ff) subala: vunde turi-a ehi. venu jevva ubaharamha.

vundeO Vnd; turi-amquickly; ehicome; venumthe flute; jevvacertainly; ubaharamhalet us bring. Subala: Vnd, let us go at once. Let us bring the flute to Ka. Text 18 (gg) (ity ubhau parikramatah). itithus; ubhauboth; parikramatawalk. (They both walk). Text 18 (hh) subala: vunde mahumagalena vaddhidukkantho pi-a-va-asso magga jje-a pekkhanto cittha-i. ta na jane akidatthana amhana tattha gamane ka tassa dasa bhave. vundeO Vnd; mahumagalenaby Madhumagala; vaddhid increased; ukkantholongings; pi-adear; va-assofriend; maggam the path; jje-acertainly; pekkhantoseeing; cittha-istands; ta therefore; nanot; janeI know; akidaunfulfilled; atthanam purpose; amhanamof us; tatthathere; gamanein the journey; ka what?; tassaof Him; dasacondition; bhavemight be. Subala: Vnd, there is Ka gazing at the path. Madhumagala is increasing His desire to meet Rdh. I do not know what will be His response when He learns that our mission has failed? Text 18 (ii) vnd: subala satya bravisi. pasyaya punnaga-taror upakanthe samutkanthate kamsari. subalaO Subala; satyamthe truth; bravisiyou speak; pasya look!; ayamHe; punnaga-taroa punnaga tree; upakanthenear; samutkanthatelongs; kamsa-ariKa, the enemy of Kamsa.

Vnd: Subala, you speak the truth. Look! There is Ka standing under a punnaga tree and anxiously waiting for Rdh. Text 18 (jj) subala: vunde bhanami. cintehi juttim vundeO Vnd: bhanamiI say; cintehiplease think; juttimof a remedy. Subala: Vnd, think of a solution. Text 18 (kk) vnd: (vimraya) subala govindasya kana-vinodaya cintitopayasmi. tad ehi, tan-nispattaye vesa bhajava. (iti nikrntau). vimrsyathinking; subalaO Subala; govindasyaof Ka; kana for a moment; vinodayafor happiness; cintitathought; upayathe remedy; asmiI am; tatof that; nispattayefor the accomplishment; vesamcostume; bhajavalet us accept; itithus; nikrntauthey exit. Vnd: (Thinking) Subala, I know how we may cheer up Govinda for a moment. Come. To do this we must first disguise ourselves. (The both exit). Text 18 (ll) (tata praviati madhumagalenopasyamana kah). ka: (sautsukyam) rdh pura sphurati pascimatas ca rdh rdhdhisavyam iha dakinatas ca rdh rdh khalu kiti-tale gagane ca rdh rdh-mayi mama babhuva kutas tri-loki tatathen; praviatienters; madhumagalenaby Madhumagala; upasyamanafollowed; kaKa; sawith; autsukyamlonging; rdhRdh; purain front; sphuratiis

manifested; pascimatabehind; caalso; rdhRdh; caand; rdhRdh; rdhRdh; adhisavyamon the left; ihahere; dakinataon the right; caalso; rdhRdh; rdhRdh; khaluindeed; kitiof the earth; taleon the surface; gaganein the sky; caand; rdhRdh; rdhof Rdh; mayiconsisting; mamaof Me; babhuvahas become; kutawhere?; tri-lokithe three worlds. (Followed by Madhumagala, Ka enters). Ka: (filled with longing) In front of Me is Rdh. Behind Me is Rdh. To My left is Rdh. To My right is Rdh. On the earth is Rdh. In the sky is Rdh. How is it that the three worlds have suddenly become Rdh? Text 19 (a) madhumagala: pi-a-va-assa bha-avadi-e ahisarida dani jevva pekkhissasi rhi-am. pi-adear; va-assaO friend; bha-avadi-eby the noble Paurams; ahisaridambrought here; danimnow; jjevva certainly; pekkhissasiYou will see; rhi-amRdhik. Madhumagala: Soon the noble Paurams will bring Rdhik here. Soon You will see Rdhik. Text 19 (b) ka: karenantas tustya sa-lalitm avastabhya lalitkarangustha rdh bhrsam abhisaranti sa-rabhasam kim adya smeraki smara-parimalollasi-valayadhvanir ma nirmasyaty anupama-camatkara-catulam karenaby the hand; antawithin; tustyawith satisfaction; sa with; lalitmplayfulness; avastabhyaresting; lalitof Lalit; karaangusthamon the thumb; rdhRdh; bhrsamgreatly; abhisarantigoes to the rendezvous; sawith; rabhasameagerness; kimwhether?; adyatoday; smerasmiling; akiwhose eyes; smaraof cupid; parimalawith the scent; ullasiglistening; valaya of bracelets; dhvanithe sound; mamMe; nirmasyatiwill make;

anupamaincomparable; camatkarawith wonder; catulam trembling. Ka: Will smiling eyed Rdh, happy at heart, playfully holding Lalit's thumb in Her hand as She eagerly walks to the rendezvous, and tinkling sound of Her bracelets bearing the fragrance of conjugal desire, soon make Me tremble with unparalleled wonder? Text 20 (a0 madhumagala: bho bho ma uttammassa. kankana-jhanakaro succa-i. bhoOh!; bhoOh!; madon't; uttammassadespair; kankana of ankle-bells; jhanakarothe sound; succa-iis indicated. Madhumagala: Oh! Oh! Don't despair. I hear the tinkling of anklebells. Text 20 (b) (nepathye) hala lalide pekkha. sa eso punna-a-rukkho disa-i. (punas tatraiva) sahi rahe dhittha-bhamara-jampida pekkha nam. ta kkhanam idha jjevva citthamha. nepathyefrom behind the scenes; halaO; lalideLalit; pekkha look!; sa esoHe; punna-apunnaga; rukkhotree; disa-iis seen; punaagain; tatrathere; evacertainly; sahiO friend; rahe Rdh; dhitthabold; bhamaraof a bee; jampidamtalking; pekkha look; namat this; tatherefore; kkhanamfor a moment; idha here; jjevvacertainly; citthamhalet us stop. A Voice From Behind the Scenes: Lalit, look! Here is a punnaga tree. Look at the agressive, buzzing bees. Let us stop here for a moment. Text 20 (c)

madhumagala: (sa-capalam) bho pi-a-va-assa vamado ki na pecchasi. esa lalida-e saddha rhi-a sama-ada. sa-capalamrestless; bhoO; pi-a-va-assadear friend; vamado out of crookedness; kiwhat?; nanot; pecchasiYou see; esa She; lalida-eLalita; saddhawith; rhi-aRdh; sama-adahas arrived. Madhumagala: (restless) O dear friend, do You not see? Rdhik has come here with Lalit. Text 20 (d) ka: (sotkantham) distya sakad adya mad-ikanayo saukhya vistaryate sakhya. sawith; utkanthamlonging; distyaby good fortune; sakat directly; adyanow; matMy; ikanayoof the eyes; saukyamthe happiness; vistaryateis expanded; sakhyaby the gopi-friend. Ka: (With feelings of longings) How fortunate I am. My gopifriend now brings great happiness to My eyes. Text 20 (e) madhumagala: (sa-garvam) bho kisa na vittharidavva jattha aha vi-addho dudo mhi. sawith; garvampride; bhoah; kisawhy?; nanot; vittharidavvamto be manifested; jatthawhere; ahamI; vi-addho expert; dudomessenger; mhiam. Madhumagala: (Proud) Why should You not become happy? After all, I am the most expert of messengers. Text 20 (f) ka: sakhe purah-sthayor mat-priyayor avyalikata nadyapy avadharita. yad abhya ne sannidhiyate.

sakheO friend; purain the presence; sthayostaying; api although; matto Me; priayyodear friends; avyalikata affectionateness; nanot; adyanow; apieven; avadharitais considered; yatbecause; abhyamby them; nanot; sannidhiyate in approached nearby. Ka: My beloved Rdh and Lalit no longer love Me. Although they both stand before Me they remain at a distance and will not approach Me. Text 20 (g) madhumagala: pi-a-va-assa sutthu pasanna rhi janahi. ja sadi-acala-jhampida murali jhalakka-i. pi-adear; va-assafriend; sutthuclearly; pasannampleased; rhimRdh; janahiYou should know; jambecause; sadiof Her sari; acalain the corner; jhampidahidden; muralithe flute; jhalakka-iis manifested. Madhumagala: My dear friend, You should know that Rdh is definitely pleased with You. She holds Your flute in the corner of Her sari. Text 20 (h) ka: (sa-sneham) vidhur eti div virpat ata-patra bata arvar-mukhe iti kena sad riyojjvala tulanm arhati mat-priynanam (iti sa-kautukam anusarpati). sawith; snehamlove; vidhuthe moon; etibecomes; divby daytime; virpatmfaded away; ata-patramthe lotus flower; bata alas; arvar-mukhein the beginning of evening; itithus; kena with what; sadalways; riy-ujjvalambrilliant with beauty; tulanm comparison; arhatideserves; matof Me; priyof the dear one; nanamthe face; sawith; kautukameagerness; anusarpati approaches.

Ka: (With love) "` Although the effulgence of the moon is brilliant initially at night, in the daytime it fades away. Similarly, although the lotus is beautiful during the daytime, at night it closes. But, O My friend, the face of My most dear rmat Rdhr is always bright and beautiful, both day and night. Therefore, to what can Her face be compared?' (He eagerly approaches). Text 21 (a) (nepathye) varisahana-i lacchi i-a puro ra-ini samuggama-i canda-ali-kutumhaaca-ora ma dha-a suppasaham nepathyefro behind the scenes; varisahana-ithe daughter of Maharaja Vrsabhanu; lacchithe goddess of fortune; i-amShe; puro in the presence; ra-iniaffectionate; samuggama-iapproaches; canda-alion the moonlight of Candravali; kutumbamaintaining Yourself; aca-oracakora bird; madon't; dha-arun; suppasaham enthusiastically. A Voice From Behind the Scenes: Translations 1 The reddis splendor of the sun resting in the constellation Taurus now rises in the sky. O cakora bird who lives by drinking the moonlight of Candravali, do not run so hastily to this risin sun. Translation 2 The goddess of fortune who is the daughter of Maharaja Vrsabhanu, and who dearly loves You has now come to this place. O cakora bird who lives by drinking the moonlight of Candravali, do not run so hastily to Vrsabhanu's daughter. Translation 3 The goddess of fortune who is the daughter of Maharaja Vrsabhanu, and who is now angry with You. has come to this place; O cakora bird who lives by drinking the moonlight of Candravali, do not run so hastily to Vrsabhanu's daughter. Note: In this verse the word "varsabhanavi" may mean "the sun (bhanu) who rests in the constellation Taurus (vrsa)", or it may also

mean "the daughter of Maharaja Vrsabhanu". "Ragini" may mean "red", "red with anger", or "filled with love". Text 22 (a) madhumagala: lalide bhamidasi. na kkhu ca-oro. pekkha eso rahangiramano jena varisahana-i lacchi kamijja-i. lalideO Lalit; bha idasiYou are mistaken; nanot; kkhu indeed; ca-oroa cakora bird; pekkhalook!; esohe; rahangiramano a cakravaka bird; jenaby whom; varisahana-iof the sun in the sign Taurus; lacchithe beauty; kamajja-iis desired. Madhumagala: Lalit, you are mistaken. it is not the cakora. It is the cakravaka bird that yearns after the beauty of the sun shining in the sign Taurus. Note: The cakora birs maintains itself by drinking moonlight, and therefore the cakora yearns to see the moon and not the sun. The amorous cakravaka birds separate at night and reunite in the morning when the sun rises. For this reason the cakravakas yearn to see the sun. Madhumagala rebukes Lalit for using the wrong bird in her metaphor. Text 22 (b) (nepathye punar anyatah). bho kanha sunahi. nepathyebehind the scenes; punaragain; anyatahanother; bho kanhaO Ka; sunahilisten. Another Voice From a different place behind the scenes: O Ka, listen! Text 22 (c) madhumagala: (vilokya sa-sankam) esa dahine visalassa bahini sarangi nama bali-a.

vilokyalooking; sawith; sankamfear; esashe; dahineon the right; visalassaof Visala; bahinithe sister; sarangiSarangi; nama named; bali-agirl. Madhumagala: (Fearfully looking) Coming on the right is Visala's sister named Sarangi. Text 22 (d) ka: sakhe ma sankistha. susthu balikeyam. sakheO friend; madon't; sankisthabe afraid; susthuclearly; balikaa girl; iyamthis. Ka: Friend, don't be afraid. It is only a young girl. Text 22 (e) (praviya) sarangi: bho kanha sunahi. vuddhi-a muhala bhanadi kisa tu-e mama nattini ali-a dusi-jja-i. ja tujjha vamsi-a amhehi kakkhali-ahatthe dittha ta ma gohi na ti. praviyaentering; bhoO; kanhaKa; sunahilisten; vuddhi-a the elderly lady; muhalaMukhara; bhanadisays; kisawhy?; tu-e by You; mamamy; nattinigranddaughter; ali-amfalsely; dusi-jjaiis defamed; jambecause; tujjhaYour; vamsi-aflute; amhehim by us; kakkhali-aof the monkey Kakkhati; hatthein the hand; dittha seen; tatherefore; madon't; gohidefame; namHe; tithus. (Sarangi enters). Sarangi: O Ka, please listen. Elderly Mukhara speaks to You the following words: "Why do You falsely defame my granddaughter. We have personally seen Your flute in the hand of the monkey Kakkhati. Do not accuse Rdh of stealing Your flute". Text 22 (f) ka: sarangike vijpaya mukhara yad aha labdha-muraliko 'smi.

sarangikeO Sarangi; vijpayaplease inform; mukharam Mukhara; yatthat; ahamI; labdhafound; muralikathe flute; asmi I am. Ka: O Sarangi, please tell Mukhara that I have found My flute. Text 22 (g) (nepathye) hala pacchanna hohi. nepathyefrom behind the scenes; halaAh!; pacchannaclear; hohiplease be. A Voice From Behind the Scenes: Be clear. What do You mean? Text 22 (h) sarangi: (nepathyabhimukham avalokya. serasyam). hala rhi-e cecca-rukkhassa tale tuma vidudi a-aledi me bhadu-o. ta tattha ki ti na gadasi. nepathyaof behing the scenes; abhimukhamin the direction; avalokyalooking; sawith; irsyamanger; halaAh!; rhi-e Rdhik; cecca-rukkhassaof a caitya tree; taleat the base; tumam You; vidudi ; a-aledisummons; memy; bhadu-obrother; tatherefore; tatthathere; kimwhy?; tithus; nanot; gadasYou have gone. Sarangi: (Looking in the direction of the behind-the-scene voice, she angrily says:) Ah! Rdh! My brother Abhimanyu called You to meet him under the caitya tree. Why have You not gone there? Text 22 (i) hadase saha-saraga-mukhi sarangi-e tuma pi dudi-a jadila samvutta. ta vuddha-saddulassa tunda-kodare padehi.

nepathyefrom behind the scenes; hadadestroyed; asehope; saha-saragaof monkeys; mukhiO best; sarangi-eO Sarangi; tumamyou; apialso; dudi-aa second; jadilaJatila; smavutta are; tatherefore; vuddhaold; sa dulassaof a tiger; tunda-kodare in the jaws; padehiyou should fall. A Voice From Behind the Scenes: O unfortunate Sarangi, O queen of the monkeys, you are a second Jatila. You should go fall in the jaws of some old tiger. Text 22 (j) sarangi: (samarsam) lalide ullatti-a ma jevva tuma tajjasi. ta aha gadu-a ma-usi-a-e jadila-e vinnavissam. (iti nikrnt). sawith; amarsamanger; lalideO Lalit; ullatti-aoffending; mamme; jevvacertainly; tumamyou; tajjasirebuke; ta therefore; ahamI; gadu-ahaving gone; ma-ui-a-eto Your aunt; jadila-eJatila; vinnavissamI shall inform; itithus; nikrntaexits. Sarangi: (Angry) Lalit, you have offended and insulted me. I shall go to Your aunt Jatila and tell her what You have said. (She exits). Text 22 (k) madhumagala: (savajm) jadu na bali-a-palave kassa visambho. sawith; avajmcontempt; jaduever; namindeed; bali-aof a girl; palavein the words; kassaof whom?; visambhotrust. Madhumagala: (With contempt) Who can believe the words of a girl? Text 22 (l) (nepathye) sakhi rahe munca munca. sakhiO friend; raheRdh; muncalet go; muncalet go.

A Voice From Behind the Scenes: Friend Rdh, let go! Let go! Text 22 (m) madhumagala: sunahi sankidena ki bhanedi lalida. sunahilisten; sankidenain Sanskrit; kimwhat?; bhanedisays; lalidaLalit. Madhumagala: Listen. What does Lalit say now is Sanskrit? Text 22 (n) (punar nepathye) ki taskari yuvati-mana-dhanasya vamsim anke karosi vikira tvaraya vidure esa prayatu vanitambara-taskaraya yogyena sagam iha gacchatu vastu yogyam punaagain; nepathyefrom behind the scenes; kimwhy?; taskarimflute; yuvatiof young girls; manaof the respectability; dhanasyaof the wealth; vamsimthe flute; ankeon the lap; karosi You do; vikirathrow; tvarayaquickly; vidurefar away; esait; prayatushould go; vanitaof girls; ambaraof the garments; taskarayato the thief; yogyenawith appropriateness; sagam association; ihahere; gacchatushould go; vastuthing; yogyam suitable. The Voice Behind the Scenes Again Says: This flute is a thief who steals the wealth of the respectability of young girls. Why do You hide it in Your lap? Throw it far away. Let is go to Ka, the thief who stole the gopis' garments. They are both thieves; It is proper that they should be together. Text 23 (a) ka: (smitv) sakhe pasyeyam acalad vamsi balad ivakraya purastac cikepa. tad ima grhana.

tvsmiling; sakheO friend; pasyalook; iyamthis; acalat from the corner of the sari; amsimthe flute; balatviolently; ivaas if; akrsyapulled; purastatin the presence; cikepatossed; tat therefore; imamit; grhanagrab. Ka: (Smiling) Friend, look! She pulled the flute from the edge of Her sari and tossed it before us. Grab it! Text 23 (b) (madhumagala karoti). madhumagalaMadhumagala; karotidoes it. (Madhumagala does it). Text 23 (c) (nepathye duratah) amma sarangi-e asacca na bhanidam. nepathyefrom behind the scenes; duratafrom far away; amma ah!; sarangi-eby Sarangi; asaccamuntruth; nanot; bhanidam is spoken. A Voice From Far Away Behind the Scenes: Ah! Sarangi has not spoken a lie. Text 23 (d) ka: (sa-vyatham) sakhe pasya. puro nisthureya upasthita jarati. sawith; vyathamanxiety; sakheO friend; pasyalook!; pura before us; nisthuracruel-hearted; iyamshe; upasthitastands; jaratithe old lady. Ka: (Anxious) Friend, look! The cruel-hearted old-lady is here.

Text 23 (e) madhumagala: hanta sa-ana-kasuna-bhu-angiva kura-muhi esa rosa-vesena latthi khivanti parusa gajja-i jadila. hantaindeed; sa-anain the month of Sravana; kasunaa black; bhujangisnake; ivalike; kuracruel; muhimouth; esashe; rosavesenawith anger; latthimcane; khivantitossing; parusam harshness; garjatiroars; jadilaJatila. Madhumagala: Cruel-mouth Jatila appears like a black snake in the month of Sravana. She angrily mover her cane and she roars very ferociously. Text 23 (f) (nepathye) bho dukulagara-dhuma-leha paccaha vancesi dani ka pa-tti. nepathyefrom behind the scenes; bhoO; dukulagaraO wicked boy who ruins the reputation of Your family; dhuma-lekhasmoke; paccahamevery day; vancesiYou cheat; danimnow; kawhat?; pa-uttimay be done. A Voice From Behind the Scenes: O smoking cinder that has burned down the good reputation of Your family, every day You cheat someone. What can be done to stop You? Text 23 (g) madhumagala: haddhi ka-aliva kampa-i rhi-a. haddhialas!; ka-alia plantain trees; ivalike; kampa-i trembles; rhi-aRdhik. Madhumagala: Alas! Rdhik trembles like a plantain tree in the wind. Text 23 (h)

(nepathye) ajje pasida. na kkhu amhe abarajjhamha. nepathyebehind the scenes; ajjeO noble lady; pasidabe kind; nanot; kkhuindeed; amhewe; abarajjhamhaare offended. A Voice From Behind the Scenes: O noble lady, please be kind. We do not feel offended. Text 23 (i) madhumagala: pekkha rhi-a hatthe ghettuna lalida-e sama vuddhi-a. pekkhalook!; rhi-amRdhik; hatthein the hand; ghettuna taking; lalida-eLalit; samamwith; patthidaset out; vuddhi-athe old lady. Madhumagala: Look! Taking Rdh by the hand, and accompanied by Lalit also, the old lady is walking away. Text 23 (j) ka: (sa-khedam) sakhe na jane kim adya pratipadyate kathoreya jatila. tad upastya tattvam avadharyatam. sawith; khedamunhappiness; sakheO friend; nanot; janeI know; kimwhat?; adyanow; pratipadyatedoes; kathoracruel; iyamshe; jatilaJatila; tattherefore; upastyafollowing; tattvam the truth; avadharyatamshould be learned. Ka: (Unhappy) My friend, I do not know what cruel Jatila will do now. Please follow her and learn what happens. Text 23 (k) (madhumagalo nikrntah). madhumagalaMadhumagala; nikrntaexits.

(Madhumagala exits). Text 23 (l) ka: (nihavasya) vyakti gate mama rahasya-vinoda-vtte rusto laghistha-hrdayas tarasabhimanyu rdh nirudhya sadane viniguhate va ha hanta lambhayati va yadu-rajadhanim nihsvasyasighing; parafor others; krauryatbecause of cruelty; yathajust as; vidagdha-madhavein Vigaddha-madhava; vyaktim manifestation; gateattained; mamaof Me; rahasyaconfidential; vinoda-vttepastimes; rustaangry; laghisthalight; hrdyaya heart; tarasaquickly; abhimanyuAbhimanyu; rdhmRdhrani; nirudhyastopping; sadaneat home; viniguhatehides; vaor; ha ah!; hantaalas!; lambhayaticauses to attain; vaor; yaduof the Yadu dynasty; rajadhanimthe capital. Ka: (sighing) "Learning of My confidential pastimes with Her, this fool Abhimanyu must have forced Rdhrani to stay at home, or else he may have taken Her to Mathura, the capital of the Yadu dynasty." Text 24 (a) madhumagala: bho pi-a-va-assa accari-am. nuna rhi-a kampi vijja jana-i. bhoO; pi-adear; va-assafriend; accari-amit is wonderful; nunamis it not?; rhi-aRdhik; kampisomething; vijjam knowledge; jana-iknows. Madhumagala: O dear friend, it was very wonderful. Rdhik must know some secret science. Text 24 (b)

ka: kathyata kidi vidya. kathyatamshould be spoken; kidiwhat kind?; vidyascience. Ka: What kind of secret science? Tell Me. Text 24 (c) madhumagala: kula-vuddhahiri-mandale nivittha-e bha-avadi-e aggado vikkosanti jadila rhi-a nida. kularespectable; vuddhaelderly; ahiriof gopis; mandalein the circle; nivittha-eentered; bha-avadi-ethe noble lady; aggado before; vikkosanticrying; jadilaJatila; rhi-amRdhik; nida brought. Madhumagala: Loudly condemming Her, Jatila went among the elderly gopis and placed Rdhik before Paurams. Text 24 (d) ka: tatas tata. tatathen; tatathen. Ka: Then? Then? Text 24 (e) madhumagala: tado dittha ma-e sinehena vikkhuhidasu tasu savvasu rhi-a-oggunthana utsari-a hasanto su-alo samvutto. tadothen; ditthamseen; ma-eby me; snehenawith love; vikkhuhidasuagitated; tasuamong them; savvauall; rhi-aof Rdhik; oggunthanamthe veil; utsari-alifting; hasantolaughing; su-aloSubala; samvuttawas manifested. Madhumagala: Then I saw what happened. In the midst of all the very affectionate elderly gopis Jatila lifted the veil covering Rdh's

face, and then, from under the veil came, not Rdhik, but laughing Subala. Text 24 (f) ka: (smitv) tatas tata. smitvsmiling; tatathen; tatathen. Ka: (Smiling) Then? Then? Text 24 (g) madhumagala: tado hasa-kolahale ubarade rutthahi savvahi nibbhacchida lajja-e nada-muhi jadila pala-ida. tadothen; hasaof laughter; kolahalein the uproar; ubarade ceased; rutthahimangry; savvahimby all the gopis; nibhacchida rebuked; lajja-ewith embarrassment; nadawith bowed; muhiface; jadilaJatila; pala-idafled. Madhumagala: Then, when the uproarious laughter finally ended, all the gopis were very angry. They loudly rebuked Jatila. Jatila bowed her head in shame and fled from their midst. Text 24 (h) ka: kathyatam. tayor dvitiya katham abhut. kathyatamlet it be told; tayoof the two; dvitiyathe second girl; kathamhow; abhutwas. Ka: Tell me, what happened to the second girl? Text 24 (i) madhumagala: rhi-a-e kanne padhidena kena bi mantena padha jevva sa vunda kida.

rhi-a-eby Rdhik; kannein the ear; padhidenarecited; kena bisome; mantenaby a mantra; padhamfirst; jevvacertainly; sa she; vundaVnd; kidabecame. Madhumagala: Rdhik wispered a magical mantra in her ear and the girl became transformed into Vnd. Text 24 (j) ka: sakhe na rdhikya khalv iya vidya. kintu ta abhimanyuna samahrta avadharya mad-vinodaya yad vndya pranita ida kautuhalam. sakheO friend; nanot; rdhikyaof Rdhik; khaluindeed; iyamthis; vidyamagic; kintuhowever; tamHer; abhimanyuby Abhimanyu; samahrtamcalled; avadharyaknowing; matof Me; vinodayafor the pleasure; yatwhich; vndyaby Vnd; pranitam fashioned; idamthis; kautuhalampastime. Ka: Friend, this is not Rdhik's knowledge of magical science. Knowing that Abhimanyu had called Rdh away, Vnd arranged these wonderful pastimes to amuse Me. Text 24 (k) madhumagala: (satta-hasam) bho sacca vi-a kahesi. dittha ma-e- punobi vunda-e. nimmida-raha-veso su-alo muhara-ghare pavittho. sawith; atta-hasamloud laughter; bhoO; saccamthe truth; vi-aindeed; kehesiYou speak; ditthamseen; ma-eby me; punobi also; vunda-eby Vnd; nimmidadone; rahaof Rdh; veso the garment; su-aloSubala; muharaof Mukhara; ghareat the homel pavitthoentered. Madhumagala: (With a loud laugh) Aha! You speak the truth. Vnd and I have both seen Subala enter Mukhara's house disguised as Rdh. Text 24 (l)

(nepathye) dadhana madhyahna-jvalad-aruna-kanta-pratimaya vapus tulya ganda-sthala-tulita-karandava-ruci krsangiya nidra-parimala-daridraki-kavala sakhi-badha rdh hari-viraha-khinna prathayati dadhanaplacing; madhya-ahnamidday; jvalatblazing; arunakantaof suryakanta jewels; pratimayaas a statue; vapuform; tulyamequality; ganda-sthalacheeks; tulitaequal; karandavaof ducks; rucisplendor; krsaslender; angilimbs; iyamShe; nidraof sleep; parimalafragrance; daridrapoor; akieyes; kavalaa mouthful; sakhiof Her gopi-friends; badhamsuffering; rdh Rdh; harifrom Lord Ka; virahafrom the separation; khinna distressed; prathayatiextends. A Voice From Behind the Scenes: Her form burning like a statue of suryakanta jewels ablaze at midday, Her cheeks as pale as white ducks, and Her pain-filled eyes devoured by the fragrance of sleep, slender Rdh tormented by separation from Lord Hari, brings great suffering to Her friends. Note: The suryakanta jewels bursts into flame when placed before the midday sun. Text 25 (a) ka: (sa-di-kepam) sakhe distya kirenamuna samasvasito 'smi. sawith; diof a glance; kepamthe casting; sakheO friend; distyaby good fortune; kirenaparrot; amunaby this; samasvasitacomforted; asmiI am. Ka: (Glancing in that direction) O friend, this parrot brings Me some comfort. Text 25 (b) madhumagala: nuna vunda-bhasida anukaredi kiro.

nunamis it not so?; vundaof Vnd; bhasidamthe words; anukarediimitates; kirothe parrot. Madhumagala: Is it not that this parrot repeats the words spoken by Vnd? Text 25 (c) ka: sakhe draum icchmi tadau vnd-subalau. tatas tvaryatam. sakheO friend; draumto see; icchamiI wish; tadaulike this; vndVnd; subalauand Subala; tatatherefore; tvaryatam it should be hurried. Ka: Friend, I wish to see Vnd and Subala in this way. Hurry! Text 25 (d) (madhumagalo vamsi ka-kare nikipya parikramati). madhumagalaMadhumagala; vamsimthe flute; kaof Ka; karein the hand; nikipyaplacing; parikramatiwalks. (Madhumagala places the flute in Ka's hand and then starts to walk). Text 25 (e) ka: su-vicyuta vamsim upalabdho 'smi. tad ena purayami. (iti tatha karoti). su-vicyutamlost; vamsimflute; upalabdhaobtained; asmiI have; tattherefore; enamit; purayamiI shall fill with music; iti thus; tathain that way; karotiHe does. Ka: I have found My lost flute. Let Me fill it with music. (He does that).

Text 25 (f) madhumagala: (kanam utkarno bhavan, sansktena) manohari ko 'pi pratimukha-visari mrdutaya viravo 'ya varya sravana-pari carya racayati tata karnottamsi-kta-catula-vamsi kala-rutir niratanka sanke milati kalavinkavalir ita kanamin a moment; utkarnawith raised ears; bhavan becoming; sansktenain Sanskrit; manoharibeautiful; kah api something; pratimukhain all directions; visarigoing; mrdutaya with sweetness; viravasound; ayamthis; varyambest; sravana of the ears; paricaryamservice; racayatidoes; tatathen; karna of the ears; uttamsiearrings; ktamade; catulabeautiful; vamsi of the flute; kalasweet; ruti music; niratankafearless; sankeI think; milatimeets; kalavinkaof sparrows; avalimultitude; ita from there. Madhumagala: (Listening with attentive ears. he says in Sanskrit:) The beautiful, sweet sound of the flute flows in all directions, becoming an earring ornamenting the ears of it's listeners. I think that sweet sound is now causing the suddenly fearless cataka birds of the gopis to quickly assemble at this place. Text 26 (a) (punar vilokya) hi hi. sadda-sadhammena padarido mhi. kankanasinjidam kkhu edam. punaagain; vilokyalooking; hiah!; hiah!; saddaof sound; sadhammenaby the similarity; padaridotricked; mhiI am; kandanaof bracelets; sinjidamthe tinkling sounds; kkhuindeed; edamthis. (Looking again) Ah! Ah! This is the tinkling sound of bracelets. It is so much like the sound of the flute that I was tricked into thinking it was the flute. Text 26 (b)

rdhik: ami-a pi-asi su-mahura vamasi ru-a vissamohana visama tujjha na dusana adhava murali jado darunasi kida aminectar; pi-asiyou drink; suvery; mahuramsweet; vamasi you spit;ru-ama sound; vissathe world; mohanambewildering; visamamdangerous; tujjhaof You; nanot; dusanamcriticism; adhavaor; muralithe flute; jadofrom which; darunacruel; asi you are; kidadone. Rdhik: O flute, even though you drink the sweetest nectar, still you spit out a sound so poisonous it makes the entire world faint unconcious. The cruel, hard-hearted flute does not say anything to rebuke you. Still, you are not at fault. It is just your nature to be cruel and ruthless. Text 26 (c) lalit: hala purado punna-assa mule kanho rehadi. halaah!; puradoin the presence; punna-assaof a punnaga tree; muleat the base; kanhoKa; rehadiis manifested. Lalit: Ah, here is Ka under this punnaga tree. Text 26 (d) madhumagala: (vilokya sa-harsam) dure magganijjo attho kaha sa-a jevva hatthe ubatthido. (iti paravtya) pi-a-va-assa pekkha. vunda-e saddha subalo tujjha samnihi laddho. vilokyalooking; sawith; harsamjoy; durefor a great distance; magganijjoto be sought; atthopurpose; kahamwhy?; sa-amof its own accord; jevvaindeed; hatthein the hand; ubatthido manifested; itithus; paravtyaturning; pi-adear; va-assafriend; pekkhalook!; vunda-eVnd; saddhamwith; subaloSubala; tujjhaof You; samnihimnearness; laddhoobtained. Madhumagala: (Looks ahead and becomes happy) Why should one search far and wide for something that falls into the hand of its

own accord? (Turning to Ka) Dear friend, look! Subala and Vnd are approaching You. Text 26 (e) ka: (sa-sneham alokya) hanta priya-sakhyau pravita me di prakamam amodate. (iti parikramya) bho sakhina sikhamane tarasa sannidhiyatam. sawith; snehamlove; alokyalooking; hantaindeed; priya dear; sakhyaufriends; pravitaentered; meMy; diglance; prakamamgreatly; amodatedelights; itithus; parikramya walking; bhoO; sakhinamof gopi-friends; sikhacrest; maneO jewel; tarasaat once; sannidhiyatammay be approached. Ka: (With love) O My friends, I am so happy to see you both, (Walking) O crest jewel of all My friends, come here at once. Text 27 (e) rdhik: (sa-smitam apavarya) hala lalide ma kkhu su-alam jevva janadi de va-asso. sawith; smitama smile; apavaryaconcealing; halaO; lalide Lalit; mamMe; kkhuindeed; su-alamSubala; jevvaindeed; janadithinks; deyour; va-assofriend. Rdhik: (Concealing a smile) Lalit, your friend Ka thinks I am Subala in disguise. Text 27 (f) ka: sakhe madhumagala pasya samvidhanakasya sausthavam asau sakad agrato rdhikiva sa-vayasya pratibhati. sakheO friend; madhumagalaMadhumagala; pasyalook; samvidhanakasyaof unusual occurrences; sausthavamexcellence; yatwhich; asauthis; sakatdirectly; agratain the presence; rdhikRdhik; evacertainly; sawith; vayasyaHer friend; pratibhatiis manifested.

Ka: Friend Madhumagala, look! it is certainly very wonderful that Rdhik has come here with Her friend. Text 27 (g) lalit: hala rhi-e pariphullo eso sura-vallaho. halaO; rhi-eRdhik; pariphulloblossomed with happiness; esoMe; sura-vallahopunnaga tree. Lalit: O Rdhik, this punnaga tree is certainly blossomed with happiness. Note: Lalit here refers to Ka. Text 27 (h) madhumagala: (sersyam) thaggini vunde ajja bi ki ti amhana purado rhi rhiti bhanami. su-ala tti ujju-a kahehi. sawith; irsyamanger; thaggini ; vundeO Vnd!; ajja now; bieven; kimwhy?; tithus; amhanamof us; puradoin the presence; rhiRdh; rhiRdh; itithus; bhanasiyou say; sualaSubala; ttithus; ujju-amhonestly; kahehisay. Madhumagala: (Angry) Vnd, even now in our presence you repeat "Rdh" "Rdh". This is actually Subala. Speak the truth. Text 27 (i) ka: sakhe malam eva bravi. prakamam rdhbhidhana dhinoti mam. tad anenaham apy amantrayisye. (iti sannidhaya) sakhi rdhe parisvajasva mam. kanam aha tad eva priyabhimarsasaukhyam anubhavami. sakheO friend; madon't; alamso much; evamin this way; bravitalk; prakamamgreatly; rdhof Rdh; abhidhanamthe name; dhinotipleases; mamMe; tattherefore; anenaby this; ahamI; apialso; amantrayisyeI shall say; itithus; sannidhaya coming close; sakhiO friend; rdheRdh; parisvajasvaembrace;

mamMe; kanamfor a moment; ahamI; tatthat; evacertainly; priyaof the beloved; abhimarsaof the touch; saukhyamthe happiness; anubhavamishall experience. Ka: Friend, don't talk in this way. The sound of the name Rdh brings Me great pleasure. I also like to speak the name Rdh. (Coming close) Friend Rdh, embrace Me. For a moment let Me experience the bliss of touching My beloved. Text 27 (j) lalit: (rdh prathata ktv) na-ara tattha gadu-a su-ala jevva alingehi. alam imina dambha-muddaa-u-ena. rdhmRdh; prathatafrom the back; ktvdoing; na-ara O lover; tatthathere; gadu-agoing; su-alamSubala; jevva certainly; alingehiembrace; alamwhat is the use?; iminaof this; dambha-mudda-pa-u-enacheating. Lalit: (Emerging from behind Rdh) O lover, go there and embrace Your Subala. What is the use of trying to cheat You? Text 27 (k) madhumagala: (sa-rosam) vunde tuma pa-idi-ebi nuna lalida samvutta ja pajjussu-a pi-a-assa varesi. sawith; rosamanger; vundeO Vnd; tumamyou; pa-idi-ebi by nature; nunamis it not so?; lalidaarrogant and independent; samvuttaare; jamwhich; pajjussiu-amamorous; pi-adear; vaassamfriend; varesiyou check. Madhumagala: (Angry) Vnd, You are naturally arrogant and independent. That is why you try to thwart my amorous friend. Text 27 (l) (praviya) vnd: sakhi rdhe tvad-bhuja-vallari-sparsa-kamo 'ya purastad punnaga. tad ena dohada-danenotphullaya.

praviyaentering; sakhiO friend; rdhRdh; tvatof You; bhujaof the arms; vallariof the creepers; sparsathe touch; kama desiring; ayamHe; purastatin the presence; punnagathe punnaga tree; tattherefore; enamit; dohadaof desiring; danena by granting; utphullayamake blossom. (Vnd enters). Vnd: Friend Rdh, this punnaga tree yearns to touch the creepers of Your arms. Fulfill its desire and make it blossom with happiness. Text 27 (m) madhumagala: (sa-vismayam) va-assa dittha vunda-e indajalam. (iti sa-kautuka avekya) indajalini vunde ghana-idi bi dhuma-leha vi-addha-saraga akatthidu narihadi. sawith; vismayamastonishment; va-assaO friend; dittham seen; vunda-eof Vnd; indajalamthis magic powers; itithus; sa with; kautukamwonder; avekyalooking; indajaliniO magician; vundeVnd; ghana-idiin the form of a cloud; bieven; dhumalekhasmoke; vi-addhaof intellegent men; saragamthe best; akatthidumto bewilder; nanot; arhadideserves. Madhumagala: (Astonished) Friend, this is the magic power of Vnd. (Gazing with wonder) O magician Vnd, even a great cloud of smoke cannot confuse the supremely intelligent Ka. Text 27 (n) vnd: arya tadid-dama-kanthiya kadambini pratiyatam. aryaO noble sir; taditof lightning; damawith a garland; kanthi around the neck; iyamthis; kadambinigroup of clouds; pratiyatam is believed. Vnd: Noble sir, I think this is a dark cloud garlanded with lightning flashes. Note: Ka is the cloud and Rdh the lightning.

Text 27 (o) ka: (nibhalya. sa-vismayam) katha satya evanaya raganamalikaya dustyaja-kasthiya priya me varsabhanavi. nibhalyalooking; sawith; vismayamwonder; kathamis it?; satyamtruth; evacertainly; anayaby her; ragana-malikayaa garland of ragana flowers; dustyajadifficult of leave; kanthi necklace; iyamShe; priyathe beloved; meMy; varsabhanavi Rdh, the daughter of Maharaja Vrsabhanu. Ka: (Gazing with wonder) Is it true that this is My beloved Rdhrani, who is like a garland of ragana flowers I wear around My neck, and whom I am very reluctant to abandon. Text 27 (p) madhumagala: a-i de-i vunde pasida. ma kkhu buddhi mohehi. ja raha caicca-rukkha-mule patthida. a-iO; de-inoble; vundeVnd; pasidaplease be kind; ma don't; kkhuindeed; buddhimintelligence; mohehibewilder; jam because; rahaRdh; caicca-rukkhaof the caitya tree; muleat the root; patthidahas gone. Madhumagala: O noble Vnd, be merciful to me. Please don't bewilder me in this way. The real Rdh is under the caitya tree. Text 27 (q) ka: (rdhm alokya) tavanukarat subala didrksuna maya tvam apta purata sudurlabha sadyata kacam ivabhilasyata premagra-bhumir vanija harinmani rdhmRdh; alokyaseeing; tavaof You; anukaratfrom imitation; didrksunadesiring to see; mayaby Me; tvamYou; pata attained; puratain the presence; sudarlabhadifficult to attain;

sadyatafrom similarity; kacamglass; ivalike; abhilasyata desiring; premaof love; agra-bhumithe place; vanijaby a merchant; harinmania sapphire. Ka: (Gazing at Rdh) I wished to see Subala disguised as You, but now I see You, who are very difficult to attain, standing before Me. I am like a merchant who goes in search of broken pieces of glass, but finds instead rare sapphire that is the abode of transcendental love. Text 28 (a) rdhik: cittha. vinnado si. citthastop!; vinnadoknown; siYou are. Rdhik: Stop! I know You. Text 28 (b) lalit: jala-i sahi maha raha manda jam ho-i nilini-ra-a kanha tuma nandasi ja dhanno halidda-ra-o si jala-iburns; sahifriend; mahamy; rahaRdh; manda unfortunate; jambecause; ho-iis; niliniblue, or steady; ra-acolor, or love; kanhaKa; tumamYou; nandasienjoy; jambecause; dhannofortunate; haliddayellow, or unsteady; ra-ocolor, or love; siare. Lalit: Because She wears the blue emblem of constant love for You, my unfortunate friend Rdh burns with pain. O Ka, You are not suffering. Because You wear the yellow emblem of fickleness and indifference You remain always happy. Text 29 ka: rohiny-adhara-sobhaya viharase jyesthasi vama-bhruva vanya rajasi citraya parijanesv ardra dhiya yacchasi rdhe tva sravanottareti paritas tarodayollasini

naslesarpana-dikite mayi katha dakinyam athsithasi rohinired; adharaof the lips; sobhayawith the beauty; viharase You shine; jyesthathe best; asiYou are; vama-bhruvamof the beautiful-eyebrowed gopis; vanyawith words; rajasiYou shine; citrayawonderful; parijanesuto Your friends; ardram dhiyam happiness; yacchasiYou give; rdheO Rdh; tvamYou; sravana ears; uttaraabove; itithus; paritaeverywhere; tara-udayawith a necklace of pearls; ullasinidecorated; nanot; alsesaof embraces; arpanato giving; dikitevowed; mayito Me; katham why?; dakinyamfriendliness; atisthamYou accept. Ka: O Rdh, Your red lips are very beautiful. You are the best of all the beautiful-eyebrowed gopis. Your words are wonderfully eloquent. You bring great happiness; to the hearts of Your friends. The sound of Your name is always in everyone's ears. You are beautifully decorated with a necklace of pearls. O Rdh, I yearn to embrace You. Why are You not friendly to Me? Note: In this verse Lord Ka used words that, aside from their usual meaning. are also names of stars. Rohini, Jyestha, Citra, Sravana, Tara, and Aslesa are names of constellations. Text 30 vnd: mudha manonnahad glapayasi kim agani kathine rusa dhatse ki va priya-parijanabhyarthana-vidhau prakama te kujalaya-grhapatis tamyati pura krpa-laksmivanta catulaya drg-anta kanam iha mudhauselessly; manaof jealous anger; unnahatfrom the increase; glapayasiYou torture; kimwhy?; aganibodily limbs; kathineO harsh girl; rusamanger; dhatseYou place; kimwhy?; vaor; priyadear; parijanaof the friend; abhyarthana-vidhauin the prayers; prakamamgreatly; teof You; kuja-alayain the forest grove; grhapatilover; tamyatipines with love for You; purain the presence; krpaof mercy; laksmithe opulence; vantam possessing; catulayaplease move; drkof the eye; antamthe corner; kanamfor a moment; ihahere.

Vnd: O hard-hearted girl, why do You torture Your own body with this violent jealous anger? Why are You angry to hear the prayers of Your very dear friend? Your lover stands before You in this forestgrove. He is overwhelmed with love for You. For a moment give Him a merciful glance from the corner of Your eye. Text 31 ka: nisthura bhava mrdvi va pranas tvam asi rdhike asti nanya cakorasya candra-lekha vina gati nisthuraharsh; bhavaYou may be; mrdvigentle; varo; prana life breath; tvamYou; asiare; rdhikeO Rdhik; astithere is; nanot; anyaanother; cakorasyaof the cakora bird; candra-lekham the moonlight; vinawithout; gatigoal. Ka: You may be cruel, or You may be kind. O Rdhik, whatever You do, You are always My life and soul. Just as the cakora bird depends only on the moonlight and does not take shelter of anything else, in the same way I take shelter only of You. Text 32 (a) rdh: sacca ma-ina bi tuma mohano si. (iti sa-sabda kranadati). saccamin truth; ma-inamof magician; bieven; tumamYou; mohanothe bewilderer; siYou are; sawith; sabdama sound; krandatiShe cries. Rdh: In truth You are able to bewilder even the greatest of magicians. (She cries out loud). Text 32 (b) lalit: (sanktena)

dhara baspamayi na yati virati lokasya nirmitsata premasminn iti nanda-nandana-rata lobhan mano ma ktha ittha bhuri nivaritapi tarale mad-vaci saci-ktabhru-dvandva na hi gauravam tvam akaro ki nadya rodisyasi tatrain this connection; laghuthe laghu-sakhi; prakharaharsh; yathajust as; vidagdha-madhavein Vidagdha-madhava; dharaa stream; baspaof tears; mayiconsisting; nadoes not; yatiattain; viratimcessation; lokasyaof the world; nirmitsatadesiring to created; premalove; asminin this; itithus; nanda-nandanato Lord Ka, the son of Maharaja Nanda; ratamdevoted; lobhatout of greed; manamind; mado not; kthado; itthamin this way; bhurigreatly; nivaritarestrained; apialthough; taraleO fickle girl; matmy; vaciin the words; saci-crooked; ktadone; bhruof eyebrows; dvandvawith a pair; nanot; hiindeed; gauravam serious; tvamyou; akarodo; kimwhether; nanot; adyanow; rodisyasiYou will cry. Lalit: (In Sanskrit) "Many times You warned me, saying: 'Do not allow your heart to fall in love with Nanda's son Ka, for those who love Him shed a stream of tears that never stops. 'My dear fickle girl, all of a sudden you are knitting Your eyebrows. You seem to give no importance to my words. I ask You- Will You not now cry forever?" Note- Lalit say that Rdhrani has fallne in love with Ka, and therefore (as She Herself has said), She is now eligible to cry forever. Text 33 (a) (ka kararavindena rdhiksru-bindun apasarayati). kaKa; karahand; aravindenawith the lotus flower; rdhikof Rdhik; asrutear; bindumdrops; apasarayati removes. (With His lotus hand, Ka wipes away Rdhik's tears). Text 33 (b) rdhik: muddha-jane bi vanka vavaharanto kisa na lajjasi.

muddhabewildered; janeto a person; bieven; vankam crooked actions; vavaharantoperforming; kisawhy?; nanot; lajjasi You are ashamed. Rdhik: Why is it that You are not ashamed to act in this crooked way to an innocent, helpless, bewildered young girl? Text 33 (c) ka: smara-krida-lubdha pasupa ramanisu sphutam aha tathapy aksnor vartis tvam asi mama divyajanamayi tapadya ki bhrnga prthula rtu-laksmir na bhajate rasollasad ena tad api hi madhu-srir madayti smaraamorous; kridafor pastimes; lubdhagreedy; pasuparamanisuamong the gopis; sphutamclearly; ahamI am; tatha api nevertheless; aksnoof the eyes; vartisplendid; ajana-mayi ointment; tapasummer; adyabeginning with; kimis it?; bhrngam the bumble-bee; prthulamgreatly; rtuof the season; laksmithe beauty; nanot; bhajateis; rasa-ullasatfrom the abundance of nectar; enamthis; tat apithat; hiindeed; madhuof spring; sri the beauty; madayatidelights. Ka: I do yearn to enjoy conjugal pastimes with the other gopis. Still, You are the ointment that decorates My eyes. The summer and other seasons may display their beauties to the bumble-bee. Still it is the springtime that it intoxicates him with bliss. Text 34 (a) vnd: sakhi yathartha vakti-vanamali. sakhiO friend; yatha-arthaappropriate; vaktispeaking; vanamaliKa, who wears a garland of forest flowers. Vnd: Friend, Ka speaks the truth. Text 34 (b)

ka: priye tvaya sahacarya vana-viharam angi-kartum icchami. priyeO beloved; tvayawith You; sahacaryaas My companion; vanain the forest; viharampastimes; angi-kartumto accept; icchamiI desire. Ka: Beloved, I wish to enjoy pastimes in the forest with You as My companion. Text 34 (c) vnd: tenaha sakhi vndm apadhapayami. (iti parita pasyanti). smita vitasu madhavi prathaya malli hasodgama muda vikasa patale purata-yuthi nidra tyaja prasida sata-patrike bhaja lavaga-valli sriya dadhara saha rdhya harir aya vihara-sprham tenaby this; ahamI; sakhiO friend; vndmthe host; apadhapayamishall arrange; itithus; paritain all directions; pasyantilooking; smitama smile; vitanuplease exhibit; madhavi O madhavi creeper; prathayaplease manifest; malliO jasmine creeper; hasa-udgamama laugh; mudawith happiness; vikasa please blossom; pataleO patala flowers; purata-yuthiO golden yuthi flower; nidramsleep; tyajaplease abandon; prasidabe kind; satapatrikea hundred petaled lotus; bhajamanifest; lavaga-valliO lavaga creeper; sriyambeauty; dadharamanifested; sahawith; rdhyaRdh; hari Ka; ayamHe; viharaof pastimes; sprhamthe desire. Vnd: I shall Friend, I shall make the arrangements. (Looking in all directions) Madhavi creeper, I order you to smile. Jasmine creeper, you please show some laughter. Patala creeper, you blossom wih happiness. Golden yuthi creeper, give up your sleeping. Satapatrika creeper, please be kin to us. Lavaga creeper, please show us your beauty. Ka now wishes to enjoy pastimes with Rdh in the forest. Text 35 (a)

madhumagala: hi hi. kaha kantara-jakkhinni-e va-a-matta-ena upphulli-ki-a valli-mandalam. hiah!; hiah!; kahamhow is it?; kantaraof the forest; jakkhinni-eby the goddess; va-aby words; matta-enaonly; upphilli-kidamblossomed; valliof creepers; mandalamthe host. Madhumagala: Ah! Ah! Simply by speaking some words this demigoddess of the forest has made all the creepers blossom. Text 35 (b) ka: sakhe cittam amodayanti puspamodavatyo virudha. sakheO friend; cittamthe heart; amodayantidelight; puspaof flowers; amodavatyawith the fragrance; virudhithe creepers. Ka: O friend, these fragrant flowering creepers delight My heart. Text 35 (c) madhumagala: va-assa tumhana savva-o citta amodenti lada. mama una ekka hema-juhi jjeva ja gokulesari-e sakhi agabba-dhi-a dhore-i. va-assaO friend; tumhanamof You; savva-oall; cittamthe heart; amodentipleases; ladathe creepers; mamaof me; una again; ekkaone; hemagolden; juhi-yuthiflowers; jjevacertainly; jawhich; gokulesari-eby the queen of Gokula; sakkifashioned; agabba-dhi-amat the time of churning butter; dhore-icaused to wear. Madhumagala: Friend, all the flowering creepers please Your heart. For me the only nice flowers are golden yuthi flowers that Gokula's queen Yasoda wore while churning butter. Text 35 (d) lalit: (smitv) ajja tado kkhu pa-adida de rasannada.

smitvsmiling; ajjaO noble sir; tadotherefore; kkhuindeed; pa-adidais manifested; deof you; rasannadaexpertness at enjoying transcendental mellows. Lalit: (Smiling) O noble sir, you are expert at relishing transcendental mellows. Text 35 (e) madhumagala: (sersyam) va-assa pekkha. ima-o ratta abi vanka-kimsu-a-la-i-a-o go-i-a vi-a ma na suhavedi. sawith; irsyamanger; va-assafriend; pekkhalook!; ima-o these; rattared; abialso; vankacrooked; kimsu-akimsuka; la-i-aocreepers; go-i-athe gopis; vi-alike; mamme; nado not; suhavediplease. Madhumagala: (Angry) Friend, look. These red kimsuka flowers do not please me at all. They are like the gopis, who also do not please me in the slightest way. Text 35 (f) lalit: vunde ede valla-a vi-a- pekkhi-antu java tthava-a- ja kkhu loana-lohanijja bi namoda vittharenti. vundeO Vnd; edethese; valla-agopas; vi-aindeed; pekkhiantushould be seen; javaof java flowers; tthava-aclusters; ja which; kkhuindeed; loa-anby the eyes; lohanijjato be desired; bi indeed; nanot; amodama sweet fragrance; vittharentispreads. Lalit: Vnd, look at these gopas! They are just like java flowers that look nice, but have no scent. Text 35 (g) madhumagala: (sa-rosam) janamha tumhana go-i- ana kamma ja-o rasa-kumbha bi didha nimmanthi-a sineha kaddhanti.

sawith; rosamanger; janamhaI know; tumhanamof you; go-ianamgopis; kammathe activity; ja-owhich; rasaof nectar; kumbhama pot; biindeed; didhamfirmly; nimmanthi-achurning; sinehambutter; kaddhatiextracting. Madhumagala: (Angry) I know what you gopis do! You vigorously churn the cream-pot and take all the butter from it. Note: If the word "sineham" is interpreted to mean love instead of cream, and if the word rasa means nectar instead of milk, then this verse may be interpreted to mean: "I know what you gopis do! Even though you vigorously churn the nectar-pot of transcendental pastimes, still you have no love for Lord Ka." Text 35 (h) vnd: (smitv) sakhi lalite ye danda-pasa-bhaja sphuta vahanto mana silakalpam kantaram asrayante tebhyo va kemam ullasatu smitvsmiling; sakhiO friend; laliteLalit; yethose who; dandasticks; pasaand ropes; bhajapossessing; sphutam clearly; vahantacarrying; manahearts; silastone; akalpam like; kantaramthe dense, dark forest; asrayantetake shelter; tebhyato them; vaof you; kemamkindness; ullasatushould be manifested. Vnd: (Smiling) Friend Lalit, these boys have hearts as hard as stone. Armed with sticks and ropes they lurk in the dense dark forest. You should be more polite to them. Note: The boys carry the sticks and ropes to help them protect and take care of the surabhi cows in the forest. If the words mana silakalpam is joined into the compound word manah-sila-akalpam (decorated with the manah-sila mineral pigment), and if the word kantaram is interpreted to mean "the forest path traversed by the cows", the verse may be interpreted to mean the following:

"Friend Lalit, these boys are nicely decorated with the colorful mineral pigment manah-sila. Carrying their sticks and ropes they follow the surabhi cows on the forest-path to the pasture. You should be more polite to them". Text 35 (i) ka: (smitv) vnde jta jtam. buddhi murchayata kurcika lobhena gopikacala-grhini tva ktasi. smitvsmiling; vndeO Vnd; jtamunderstood; jtam understood; buddhimintelligence; murchayatabewildering; kurcika of kurcika o yogurt; lobhenawith the desire; gopikaof the gopis; acala-grhinitaking the side; tvamyou; kta asiare. Ka: (Smiling) Vnd, I know. I know. You wish to drink kurcika yogurt. This desire bewilders your intelligence and makes you take the side of these of gopis. Text 35 (j) (nepathye) kasturikeva duravacchada-sagameya gopi-tatir madamayi kila picchila ca dakinyatas tanubhrtam anurajano 'ya vasanta-vayur iva hanta murantakari nepathyefrom behind the scenes; kasturikamusk; duravacchada-sagamadifficult to attain; iyamthis; gopiof gopis; tatihost; madamayiintoxicating; kilaindeed; picchilaslippery; caalso; dakinyatafrom the south (or gently); tanubhrtamof the living entities; anurajana delighting; ayamHe; vasanta springtime; vayubreeze; ivalike; hantaindeed; mura-anta-kari Ka, the killer of the Mura demon. A Voice From Behind the Scenes: These gopis are like troublesome, slippery, intoxicating black musk, whereas Lord Ka is like the gentle springtime southern breeze that pleases all living entities. Text 35 (k)

ka: (prsthato di kiptv) sahu bho kira-raja sadhu. prsthatafrom behind; dimglance; kiptvcasting; sadhu well spoken; bhoO; kiraof parrots; rajaO king; sadhuwell spoken. Ka: (Glancing backwards) Well spoken, king of parrots. Well spoken. Text 35 (l) madhumagala: vihaga-punga-a ca-uddaha-vijja-vi-akkhano dihau hohi. vihagaof birds; punga-aO best; ca-uddahafourteen; vijja arts; vi-akkhanoexpert; diha-ulong life; hohimay you have. Madhumagala: O best of birds, O learned scholar in the fourteen arts and sciences, long life to you. Text 37 (c) lalit: hande candala-kira pa-anda-sasa-ana-tunda-rahuno pahuno hodu de pinda-sasi. handeO; candalaoutcaste; kiraparrot; pa-andaferocious; sasa-anaof a hawk; tundaof the beak; rahunoof the Rahu planet; pahunoa guest; hadumay become; deof you; pindaof the body; sasithe moon. Lalit: O candala parrot, may the moon of your body become the guest of the Rahu planet of the beak of a ferocious hawk. Note: The Rahu planet sometimes swallows the moon. Lalit here says that the male parrot should become swallowed by a ferocious hawk. Text 37 (d)

ka: sakhe turnam asmai samarpaya pakimani dadimi-bijani. sakheO friend; turnamat once; asmaito him; samarpaya give; pakimaniripe; dadimipomegranate; bijaniseeds. Ka: Friend, give this male parrot some ripe pomegranate seeds at once. Text 37 (e) madhumagala: bho vindavana-bihappa-e dadimi-bi-a-hindobi susthu kanta lalida-e danta-patti de da-issam. bhoO; vindavanaof Vndvana; bihappa-eO Brhaspati; dadimi pomegranate; bi-a-hinobifor seeds; susthunicely; kantam beautiful; lalida-eof Lalit; dantaof teeth; pattimthe row; deto you; da-issamI shall give. Madhumagala: O Brhaspati of Vndvana forest, for pomegranate seeds I give you Lalit's beautiful teeth. Note: In demigod society Brhaspati is the leading intellectual. Text 37 (f) (punar nepathye) cacala-sajhaghana vi-a muhutta-ra-a tanodi de smi vaha-i sinehi rhi ke-ala na-ani-a-puttivva punaagain; nepathyefrom behind the scenes; cacalaO restless one; sajhaghanaat sunrise; vi-aas; muhuttafor a moment; ra-amred; tanodidoes; deof you; samithe master; vaha-icarries; sinhetimthe oil of love; rhiRdh; ke-alamonly; na-ani-aof butter; puttithe daughter; ivvalike. Again A Voice From Behind the Scenes: O fickle male parrot, your master Ka does not really love Rdh. His love is only for a moment, just as the rising sun is red for only a moment. Only Rdh loves. Rdh's love is constant. Just as butter always retains its nature, in the same way Rdh is eternally anointed with the oil of love for Ka.

Text 38 (a) lalit: (sanandam) sahi sari-e sohaggavadi dohi. ja paccutarena nijjido tu-e dummaho kiro. sawith; anandambliss; sahiO friend; sari-efemale parrot; sohaggavadifortunate; dohimay you become; jambecause; paccutarenawith this reply; nijjidodefeated; tu-eby you; dummahobad-mouthed; kiromale parrot. Lalit: (Blissful) O female parrot friend, blessing on you. With this reply you have defeated this foul-mouthed male parrot. Text 38 (b) ka: (svagatam) dhruva vndvyedam adhyapita-kausala vihagayor dvandvam. svagatamaside; dhruvamcertainly; vndyaby Vnd; idam this; adhyapaitainstructed; kausalamin expert words; vihagayo of birds; dvandvamthe pair. Ka: (Aside) It is Vnd who has taught these two birds to speak so eloquently. Text 38 (c) madhumagala: (sa-krodham) hajje bhajjemi de tikka-jappina cancu-pudam. sawith; krodhamanger; hajjeO wretch; bhajjemiI shall break; deyour; tikkasharp; jappinamspeaking words; cancu-pudam beak. Madhumagala: (Angry) Wretch! I shall break your beak that speaks such sharp words. Text 38 (d)

(iti sa-vyaja danda kipati). itithus; sawith; vyajammalice; dandama stick; kipati thrown. (He maliciously thrwos a stick). Text 38 (e) rdhik: hanta kadham uddina vavadu-a vihaga-mihunam. hantaalas!; kadhamhow is it?; uddinamflown away; vavaduameloquent; vihagaof birds; mihunamthe pair. Rdhik: Alas! The two eloquent birds have flown away. Text 38 (f) ka: (rdhm avekya) sevante taru-gehina sumanasa vndir madhu-syandibhir yatrotphulla-lata-vadhubhir abhita sagatya bhrngatithin samvita pasubhis tatha khaga-kulai kheladbhir avyahata na syat kasya sukanthi seyam adhikanandaya vndtavi rdhmat Rdh; avekyaglancing; sevanteserve; taruof the trees; gehinathe householder men; sumanasamof sumanasamof sumanah flowers; vndiwith multitudes; madhu with honey; syandibhidripping; yatrawhere; utphullablossoming; lataof creepers; vadhubhiby the wives; abhita embraced; sagatyameeting; bhrngaof bumble-bees; atithinthe guests; samvitasurrounded; pasubhiby animals; tathain that way; khagaof birds; kulaiby the hosts; kheladbhiplaying; avyahatam without obstruction; nanot; syatmay be; kasyaof whom?; sukanthiO girl with the beautiful neck; sa iyamthis; adhikafor great; anandayabliss; vnd-ataviforest of Vndvana. Ka: (Glancing at Rdh) Embraced by their blossoming creeper wives, the householders trees offer many flowers, trickling with honey, to their bumble-bee guests. Everywhere many birds and forest

animals frolic without restraint. O girl with the beautiful neck, who is not delighted by this Vndvana forest. Text 39 athava harinir vidambayasi netra-khelaya lalitir lata-pika-kula kalotibhi sikhinas ca kuntala-kalapa-vibhramair iti te pura kim iva me vana-sriya atha vaor; harinithe does; vidambayasiYou mock; netraof the eyes; khelayawith the pastimes; laliti graceful; lataon the creepers; pikaof cuckoos; kulamthe multitude; kalasweet; uktibhiwith words; sikhinathe peacocks; caalso; kuntalaof curling locks of hair; kalapaof the host; vibhrmaiawith the beauty; itithus; teof You; purain the presence; kimhow?; ivaas if; me to Me; vanaof the forest; sriyawith the beauty. With the playful glances of Your eyes You mock the beauty of the eyes of the does. With Your graceful limbs You mock the beauty of the creepers. With Your sweet words You mock the cooing of the cuckoos. With Your beautiful hair You mock the peacock. How can this forest appear beautiful as long as You are present before Me? Text 40 vnd: pasya pasya viratormir iya su-niraja dhrta-suddhojjvala-sattva-santati sphuta-ka-rucir yamadrta muni-gosthiva cakasti bhanuja pasyalook!; pasyalook!; viratastopped; urmiwaves; iyam this; su-nirajawith beautiful lotuses; dhrtaheld; suddhapure; ujjvalasplendid; sattvnatures; santatai multitude; sphuta manifested; kadark; ruciluster; yamaby Yamaraja; adrta honoured; muniof sages; gosthian assembly; ivalike; cakastiis manifested; bhanujathe Yamuna River, daughter of the sun-god.

Vnd: Look! Look! Its still, pure, splendid dark waters filled with beautiful lotus flowers, the Yamuna River, the daughter of the sun-god and the honoured sister of Yamaraja, appears like an assembly place of great sages. Text 41 ka: priye pasya pasya smita-ruci-virajita te mukham iva nirajayaty adhiraki niraja-bandhava-duhitur niraja-raji marud-bhramita smitasmile; rucicharming; virajitasplendid; teYour; mukhamface; ivalike; nirajayatioffers arati; adhirakirestless eyes; nirajaof the lotus; bandhavafriend; duhiturof the daughter; nirajalotuses; rajiseries; marudin the wind; bhramitatossed. Ka: Beloved, look! Look! O restless-eyed one, as they move in the breeze, the lotus flowers in the Yamuna seem to be offering arati to Your beautiful smiling face. Text 42 (a) vnd: (parikramya. nirajany ahrtya ca). pundarikaka stokotphullam ida grhana lila-pundarikam. tathavatamsocita kokanada-dvandvam. parikramyawalking; nirajanilotuses; ahrtyapicking; caalso; pundarikalotus; akaeyes; stokaslightly; utphullamblossomed; idamthis; tathain this way; avatamsafor earrings; ucitam suitable; kokanadaof red kokanada lotuses; dvandvamthe pair.

Vnd: (She walks and picks some lotus flowers) Lotus-eyed Ka, please take this slightly blossomed white lotus as a toy, and these two red lotuses as earrings. Text 42 (b)

ka: (sa-harsam adaya) vnde raktotpale rdh-karnayor adhanena sriya labhatam. (iti tatha ktva. sa-kautukam) hanta pundarika-kose cacariko vartate. sawith; harsamhappiness; adayataking; vndeO Vnd; raktared; utpalelotuses; rdhof Rdh; karnayoon the ears; adhanenaby the taking; sriyambeauty; labhatammay attain; iti thus; tathain that way; ktvhaving done; sawith; kautukam surprise; hantaah!; pundarikaof the white lotus flower; kosein the whorl; cacarikaa bumble-bee; vartateis. Ka: (Happily taking them) Vnd, these two red lotuses will beautify Rdh's ears. (He does that. He then expresses surprise). Ah! There is a bumble-bee in the whorl of this white lotus. Text 42 (c) vnd: madhupa kamalena sardham udyanmakarandena mukundam asasada sarasesu vinirmito hi saga paramananda-bharonnati tanoti madhupathe humble-bee; kamalenathe lotus; sardhamwith; udyatrising; makarandenawith honey; mukundamKa; asasada approached; sarasesuamong the lotus flowers; vinirmitadone; hi indeed; sagacontact; paramasupreme; anandaof bliss; bhara abundance; unnatimgreat; tanotidoes. Vnd: This humble bee was very happy to stay among the lotus flowers. When this honey-filled lotus was given, this bee was also able to approach Lord Mukunda (Ka). Text 43 ka: priye pasya pasya asmin madiya-kara-sangini pundarikakose kana kila vilambya silimukho 'yam karnavalambya tava kokanada prapede ka va balan na hi haraty anuraga-laksmi

priyeO beloved; pasyalook; pasyalook!; asminin this; madiyaMy; karaof the hand; sanginiin contact; pundarikaof the white lotus flower; kosein the whorl; kanamfor a moment; vilambyaresting; silimukhabee; ayamthis; karnaon the ear; avalambiresting; tavaof You; kokanadamred lotus; prapede attained; kamwho?; vaor; balatby force; nanot; hiindeed; haratitakes; anuragaof the redness; laksmithe beauty. Krnsa: Beloved, look! Look! The bumble-bee in the whorl of the white lotus-flower in My hand has now landed on the red lotus flower on Your ear. Who would not be attracted to the red beauty of that flower? Text 44 (a) (rdhik sambhrama natayanti bhuja-lata kipati). rdhikRdhik; sambhramamagitation; natayanti representing dramatically; bhujaof Her arms; latamthe creeper; kipatitosses. (Rdhik becomes agitated and begins to move the creepers of Her arms). Text 44 (b) ka: (sphuta vihasya) karnottamsita-rakta-pankaja-juso bhrngi-pater jhankriya bhrantenadya drg-acalena dadhati bhrngavali-vibhramam trasandolita-dor-latanta-vicalac-cuda jhanat-karini rdhe vyakulata gatapi bhavati modam mamadhyasyati sphutamopenly; vihasyalaughing; karna-uttamsitaearring; raktared; pankajato the lotus flower; jusa devoted; bhrngiof the bumble bee; pateof the leader; jhankriyabuzzing; bhrantena restlessly moving; adyanow; drkof the eyes; acalenaby the corners; dadhatiplaces; bhrngaof bees; avaliof a host; vibhramamthe illusion; trasawith fear; andolitaswinging about; doof arms; lataof the creepers; antaat the ends; vicalat

moving; cudabracelet; jhanat-karinijingling; apialthough; bhavati You; modamdelight; mamaof Me; adhyasyatiestablish. Ka: (Openly laughing) "Attracts by Your red lotus flower earrings, the best of the bumble-vee hovers aroung You, followed by Your restless sidelong glances like a swarm of bumble-bees. Jingling Your bracelets, You wave Your creeper like arms to chase him away. O Rdhrani, (I must say that) Your fear of this bee brings Me great delight". Text 45 (a) rdhik: (sa-trasam celacalam udacayanti) katha ajjabi na caladi dhittho. sawith; trasamfear; celaof the garment; acalamthe edge; udacayantiraises; kathamwhy?; ajjnow; bieven; nadoes not; caladigo; dhitthothe arrogant one. Rdhik: (With fear She moves the edge of Her sari) Why will this insolent fellow not go away? Text 45 (b) ka: madhuraki mudhatha sambhramena kipa celacalam ajasa na bhuya pibatu sravanotpalodgata te madhupo 'ya madhu-magala krsangi madhurasweet; akiwhose eyes; mudhain vain; athathen; sambhramenawith agitation; kipatoss; celaof the garment; acalamthe edge; ajasaquickly; nanot; bhuyaagain; pibatu may drink; sravanaon the ear; utpalaon the lotus flower; udgatam manifested; teof You; madhupabee; ayamthis; madhuof honey; magalamthe auspiciousness; krsaslender; angiwhose limbs.

Ka: O sweet girl, don't uselessly wave Your sari. O slender girl, let the bumble-bee drink the pleasent honey of the lotus flowers on Your ear. Note: The word "madhumagala" in the last line is, of course the name of Lord Ka's friend. Interpreted in that way if the word is interpreted in that way the verse becomes: "O sweet-eyed girl, don't uselessly wave Your sari. O slender girl, let the bumble-bee sting Madhumagala when he approaches the lotus flower in Your ear." Text 46 (a) madhumagala: bho va-assa kisa bamhana ma mahubena vibaesi. (iti dandena bhramara tadayati). bhoO; va-assafriend; kisawhy?; bamhanama brahmana; mamme; mahubenaby a bumble-bee; viba-esiYou cause to be drunk; itithus; dandenawith a stick; bhramaramthe bee; tadayati hits. Madhumagala: O friend, why do You make this bee drink me, a brahmana? (He strikes the bee with his stick). Text 46 (b) rdhik: (sa-slagham) ajja pi-ankaro mamasi samvutta. sawith; slaghampraise; ajjaO noble sir; pi-ankarokind; mamato Me; asi-samvuttayou are. Rdhik: (Praising) O noble sir, you are very kind to Me. Text 46 (c) madhumagala: kaha mahusu-ano takkala jevva tirohido ja kudo bi na lakkhi-adi. kahamhow is it?; mahusu-anothe bee; takkalaat this time; jevvaindeed; tirohidohas disappeared; jamwhich; kudo bi anywhere; nanot; lakkhi-adiis seen.

Madhumagala: How did that bee disappear? I don't see him anywhere? Note: If the word "mahusu-ano" is interpreted to mean Lord Ka, the killer of the Madhu demon, the meaning of this statement becomes: "How did Ka disappear? I don't see Him anywhere". Text 46 (d) rdhik: (sa-vyamoham) haddhi haddhi. kahi gado mahumahano. (iti sansktena) samajani davad vitrastana kim arta-ravo gira mayi kim abhavad vaigunya va nirakusa ikitam vyaraci nibhrtam, ki va huti kayacid abhistaya yad iha sahasa mam atyakid vane vanajekana (ka samjya sarvan nivarya smita karoti). sawith; vyamohambewilderment; haddhialas!; haddhialas!; kahimwhere?; gadohas gone; mahumahanoKa, the killer of the Madhu demon; itithus; sansktenain Sanskrit; yathajust as; vaor; vidagdha-madhavein Vidagdha-madhava; samajani manifested; davatfrom the forest-fire; vitrastanamfrightened; kim why?; artaof pain; ravacalls; giramof words; mayiin Me; kim whether?; abhavatwas; vaigunyama fault; vaor; nirankusam free; ikitamis observed; vyaracicreated; nibhrtamunseen; kim whether?; vaor; huticalling; kayacitsomeone; abhistaya desired; yatbecause; ihahere; sahasaat once; mamMe; atyakit abandoned; vanein the forest; vanaja-ikanalotus-eyed Ka; kaKa; samjyawith a signal; sarvaneveryone; nivarya wards off; smitama smile; karotidoes. Rdhik: (Bewildered) Alas! Alas! Where has Ka gone? (In Sanskrit) "Where is Lord Ka, who responded to the pained cries of the gopas frightened of the forest-fire? Have I offended or avoided Him? Is it because some desired gopi called Him to a secluded place that lotus-eyed Ka has so quickly abandoned Me in this forest?" (With a gesture Ka wards off everyone. He smiles) Text 47

rdhik: hanta (sansktena) vasantibhir aya na me kaca-bhara kamsarinottamsitas tasyora-sthala-cumbi-campaka-mayair nagumphi malya maya mallibhis ca nirargala parihasan naya balat tadita prarambhe 'dya vanotsavasya viraha-cchadmad aya prodagat hantaindeed; sansktenain Sanskrit; vasantibhiwith vasanti flowers; ayamthis; nanot; meMy; kaca-bharahair; kamsa-arina by Ka, the enemy of Kamsa; uttamsitacrowned; tasyaof Him; ura-sthalathe chest; cumbi-kissed; campaka-mayairwith campaka flowers; nanot; agumphistrung; malyama garland; mayaby Me; mallibiwith malli flowers; caalso; nirargalam without restraint; parihasanjoking; balatforcibly; taditastruck; prarambhein the beginning; adyanow; vana-utsavasyaof the a forest fire; vraha virahaof separation; chadmaton the pretext; aya prodagatis manifested. Rdhik: Ah! (In Sanskrit) Now Ka will not decorate My hair with vasanti flowers. Now the garland of campaka flowers I have strung will not kiss His chest. Now I will not be able to jokingly strike Him with a cluster of malli flowers. Appearing in the disguise of separation from Ka, a grear forest-fire is now burning around Me. Text 48 (a) vnde: (apavarya) kamam andhakarini prema-bandha-kandali ya khalu vispastam api nanusandhapayati. apavaryaaside; kamamgreatly; andhakariniblinded; prema of love; bandhaof the bondage; kandalithe abundance; yawhich; khaluindeed; vispastamclearly; apieven; nanot; anusandhapayatiallows to see. Vnd: (Aside) The bonds of love have blinded Her and now She can no longer see. Text 48 (b) rdhik: sahi vunde rakkhehi mam. (iti trasa natayanti).

sappa sappa-i bhinga-panti-misado kali rasalankure rattaso-a-sire vireha-i tadha puppha-cchalado sihi singe kesu-a-sahino a kali-a-dambhena sambhedini ma bhettu kusuma-uhassa vala-i kkuraddha-canda-ali (iti vaivasya natayati). sahiO friend; vundeVnd; rakkhehiplease protect; mamMe; itithus; trasamfear; natayantirepresenting dramatically; sappaa snake; sappa-islithers; bhingaof bees; pantiof a line; misadoon the pretext; kaliblack; rasalaof a mango tree; ankureon the blossoming branch; rattared; aso-aof the asoka tree; sireon the top; vireha-iis manifested; tadhain that way; pupphaof flowers; chaladoon the pretext; sihifire; singeon the top; kesu-aof the kimsuka; sahinotree; aand; kali-aof new buds; dambhenaon the pretext; sambhedinithe destroyer; mamMe; bhettumto cut into pieces; kusuma-uhassaof cupid, who shoots arrows of flowers; vala-i is; kkuracruel; addha-canda-alicrescent-moon shaped arrows; iti thus; vaivasyambeing overwhelmed; natayatirepresents dramatically. Rdhik: Friend Vnd, protect Me! (Frightened) Disguised as an swarm of bees, a black serpent slithers on the blossoming branch of that mango tree. Disguised as red flowers, flames shoot from the branches of that asoka tree. Disguised as new buds on that kimsuka tree, the cruel half-moon arrows of the archer cupid are aimed at Me to cut Me to pieces. (She becomes overwhelmed). Note: The word "candravali" in this verse is, of course, also the name of the gopi who is Rdh's chief rival. "Candravali" also means "a host (avali) of moons (candra)." Text 49 ka: (sambhramad abhyupetya pani grhnann uccaih) sukumari kim akande katarasi. yata tvan-mukha-laksmi-glapita candravalir iha bibheti purnapi pranayad ye tava kartu kim ardha-candravali kamate sambhramatquickly; abhyupetyaapproaching; panimthe hand; grhnantaking; uccaiin a loud voice; sukumariO beautiful,

delicate girl; kimwhy?; akandewithout a reason; katara distressed; asiYou are; yatabecause; tvatof You; mukhaof the face; laksmiby the beauty; glapitawilted; candravaliCandravali; ihahere; bibhetifears; purnafull; apieven though; pranayato do; kimwhat?; ardhahalf; candravaliof Candravali; kamateis able. Ka: (Quickly approaches Her, takes Her hand, and loudly proclaims) O beautiful, delicate girl, why are You distressed for no reason? Even a whole Candravali wilts with fear at the sight of Your beautiful face. O girl blinded with love, what then can half a Candravali do to You? Note: In His reply Ka, of course interprets the word "candravali" in a way different from Rdh's original intention. If the word "candravali" is interpreted to mean "a host of moons", Ka's reply would then read: "O beautiful, delicate girl, why are You distressed for no reason. Even a host of full moons wilts with fear at the sight of Your beautiful face. O girl blinded with love, what then can a host of half moons do to You?" Text 50 (a) rdhik: (sa-dhairya lajja natayanti svagtam) kadha acchilagga cce-a harida mananti khinnamhi. Rdhik: (Regaining composure, She becomes embarrassed and says to Herself) Oh! I thought Ka was taken away from My eyes. For that reason I was distressed. Text 50 (b) ka: priye pasya pasya parinata-vara-bija-spardhi-dantoru-bhasa kusumam upahasantyas tanvi danta-cchadena phala-vijayi-kucayas tvad-bhayad dadimiya mrdula-pavana-dola-dambhata kampate 'dya

priyeO beloved; pasyalook!; pasyalook!; parinataripe; vara excellent; bijaseeds; spardhirivalling; dantaof the teeth; uru great; bhasaluster; kusumamthe flower; upahasantyalaughing; tanviO slender girl; danta-chadenawith the lips; phalathe fruits; vijayidefeating; kucayawhose breasts; tvatof You; bhayat because of fear; dadimipomegranate tree; iyamthis; mrdula gentle; pavanain the breeze; dolaswaying; dambhataon the pretext; kampatetrembles; adyanow. Ka: Beloved, look! Look! Its ripe seeds, rivalled by the splendor of Your teeth, its flowers mocked by Your lips, and its fruit defeated by Your breasts, this pomegranate tree, on the pretext of swaying in the gentle breeze, now trembles in fear of You. Text 51 (a) vnd: sakhi nirvarnaya tava karnikocita-koraka karnikaram amum. sakhiO friend; nirvarnayalook!; tavaof You; karnikafor the earrings; ucitasuitable; korakambud; karnikaramkarnikara; amumthis. Vnd: Friend, look! This karnikara bud would be perfect for Your earring. Text 51 (b) rdhik: na-a-kanni-ara-kusume bhasalo rasa-loha-niccalo bhedi. na-afresh; kanni-arakarnikara; kusumeon the flower; bhasalo bumble-bee; rasanectar; lohagreedy; niccalomotionless; bhedi is. Rdhik: Greedy after honey, a bumble bee stands motionless on this fres karnikara flower. Text 51 (c) ka: kacana-maca-nivisto rasa-rajo 'ya saririva.

kacanaon a golden; macathrone; nivistaentered; rasaof nectar; rajathe king; ayamhe; sariripersonified; ivalike. Ka: He looks like the personified king of the nectar seated on a golden throne. Text 52 rdhik: pekkha pekkha, (sansktena) uddhura-maranda-matta ruddhe sarena gandha-visarena iha sundara-malli-gane rolamba hanta gujanti pekkhalook!; pekkhalook!; uddhuraabundant; marandaby the honey; mattamaddened; ruddhefilled; sarenawith excellent; gandhaof a sweet fragrance; visarenawith the expansion; iha here; sundarabeautiful; malliof jasmine flowers; ganein the multitude; rolambathe bees; hantaindeed; gujantibuzz. Rdhik: Look! Look! (In Sanskrit) Intoxicated by the sweet honey, many bees among the very fragrant and beautiful jasmine flowers. Text 53 (a) ka: uddhara-maranda-ity-adi pathati. uddhara-maranda-iti-adithe verse beginning with the words "uddhara-maranda"; pathatirecites. (Ka recites the previous verse). Text 53 (b) vnd: pitati-suksma-sikhara campaka-kalikeyam abhati.

pitayellow; ativery; suksmafine; sikharapoint; campaka campaka; kalikabud; iyamthis; abhatiis manifested. Vnd: This delicate yellow campaka bud is very beautiful. Text 53 (c) ka: manavati-hrn-mathini haimi kamasya saktir iva manavatiof proud girls; hrtthe hearts; mathinichurning; haimi golden; kamasyaof cupid; saktithe power; ivalike. Ka: This campaka bud is like cupid's golden sakti (Potency) which agitates the hearts of proud girls. Text 54 (a) madhumagala: bho va-assa esa kamassa satti na ho-i. pekkha jadila-khitta sa hari-ala-gori la-udi-a. bhoO; va-assafriend; esathis; kamassaof cupid; satti potency; nanot; ho-iis; pekkhalook; jadilaby Jatila; khitta dropped; sathis; hari-ala-goriyellow; la-udi-acane. Madhumagala: O friend, this is not cupid's sakti. Look! Here is the yellow cane Jatila has left behind. Text 54 (b) (praviya) jatila: are jamha bamhana ettha lagudi ma-e visumarida. praviyaentering; areO; jamhacrooked; bamhanabrahmana; etthahere; lagudicane; ma-eby me; visumaridawas forgotten. (Jatila enters). Jatila: O crooked brahmana, I have forgotten my cane in this place. Text 54 (c)

rdhik: (apavarya. sa-bhayam) sahi parittahi parittahi. esa kalarattiva daruna vuddhi ma ditthavadi. (iti lalit-vndbhya nikrnt). apavaryaaside; sawith; bhayamfear; sahiO friend; paritthahi protect; praittahiplease protect; esathis; kala-rattithe time of cosmic destruction; ivalike; darunafierce; vuddhiold lady; mam Me; ditthavadisees; itithus; lalitwith Lalit; vndbhyamand Vnd; nikrntaShe exits. Rdhik: (Aside, frightened) Friend, protect Me! Protect Me! This fierce old lady looks at Me as if she were the dark night in which the universe will be destroyed. (Accompanied by Lalit and Vnd, She exits). Text 54 (d) ka: (apavarya) mama sagamamrta-rasa na jighrkati na ca jihasati prakatam jatila-vyagri-cakita trsita rdh-kurangiyam apavaryaaside; mamaMy; sagamaassociation; amrtarasam nectar; nanot; jighrkatidesires to drink; nanot; caand; jihasatidesires to abandon; prakatamclearly; jatilaof Jatila; vyaghriby the tigress; cakitafrightened; trsitathirsty; rdhof Rdh; kurangidoe; iyamthe. Ka: (Aside) Thirsting to drink the nectar of My company, and not at all willing to leave, the doe of Rdh has now been frightened away by the tigress Jatila. Text 55 (a) madhumagala: bho sarama-langula-kutile gheppa appano juttim. bhoO; saramadog's; langulatail; kutilecrooked; gheppa take; appanoyour; juttimcane.

Madhumagala: O crooked dog's tail, take your cane. Text 55 (b) jatila: (yastim adaya) are su-ala, kisa tuma bahudi-avesena sada vidambesi. yastimthe stick; adayataking; areO; su-alaSubala; kisa why?; tumamyou; bahudiof a girl; avesenain the disguise; sada always; vidambesimock. Jatila: (Taking the cane) O Subala, why do you repeatedly make fun of me by dressing up like a girl in this way? Text 55 (c) ka: (svagatam) distya subalataya jtam abhut. (prakasam. sa-narma-smitam) jatile gurubhya sapamano 'smi. rdhikiva sadhayati. na khalv asau subala. svagatamaside; distyaby good fortune; subalatayaas Subala; jtamunderstood; abhuthas been; prakasamopenly; sawith; narmaplayfulness; smitama smile; jatileO Jatila; gurubhyato My superiors; sapamanavowing; asmiI am; rdhikRdhik; eva certainly; sadhayatigoes; nanot; khaluindeed; asauthis; subalais Subala. Ka: (Aside) Fortunately she thinks Rdh is Subala in disguise. (Openly, with a playful smile). I swear by all My superiors: It is Rdhik who walks there. That is not Subala. Text 55 (d) jatila: re dhutta-vi-akkhana ha savva parikkhidu khamamhi. ta ala ettha thaggattanena. (iti nikrnt). reO; dhutta-vi-akkhanafool; hamI; savvameverything; parikkhidumto see; khamamhiam able; tatherefore; alamwhat

is the use?; etthahere; thaggattanenaof pacifying; itithus; nikrntaexits. Jatila: O fool, I can see everything. What is the use of trying to convince me? (She exits). Text 55 (e) ka: sakhe samagaccha. gokulam eva praviama. (iti nikrntau) (iti nikrnta sarve). sakheO friend; samagacchacome; gokulamGokula; eva certainly; praviamalet us enter; itithus; nikrntauthey both exit; itithus; nikrntaexit; sarveeveryone. Ka: Friend, come. Let us go to Gokula. (They both exit). (Everyone exits).

Act Six arad-vihra Autumn Pastimes Text 1 (a) (tata praviati jail). jail: suda ma-e- ajja pi-a-padena kid uttari-a vahu ghare cittha-i. ta gadu-a jahattha niddhari-assam. (parikramya payanti). kadha esa visaha ghummi-a ghummi-a alinde pada-i. ta sadda-issam. (ity upastya) visahe jado ekka-paharo tahabi ghummasi. tatathen; praviatienters; jailJail; gudamheard; ma-e by me; ajjatoday; pi-ayellow; padenawith the cloth; kid uttari-a wearing the upper garment; vahumy daughter-in-law Rdh; ghare in the house; cittha-iis; tatherefore; gadu-ahaving gone; jahatthamthe truth; niddhari-assamI shall determine; parikramya walking; payantilooking; kadhamwhy?; esashe; visaha Vikh; ghummi-awandering; ghummi-aand wandering; alinde on the porch; pada-ifalls; tatherefore; sadda-issamI shall make

her explain; itithus; upastyaapproaching; visaheO Vikh; jado manifested; ekkathe first; praharohour; tahabinevertheless; gummasiYou wander about. (Jail enters). Jail: I have heard that today my daughter-in-law Rdh is wearing a yellow upper garment. I shall go and see if it is true. (She walks and looks) Why does Vikh wander and wander? Why has she fainted on the porch? I shall ask her to tell me. (Approaching) O Vikh. it is only the first hour of the morning, and still You aimlessly wander like this. Text 1 (b) (praviya) vikh: (svagatam) sampada rasa-mahusava-gabbhasu savvarisu kudo nidda-gandhobi amhanam. ta jutta jevva ghummanam. (iti hathad dau vikasya. prakam). ajje ajja bhaavadi-e nidesena de-ada-adane amhe dinna-ja-aramha. praviyaentering; svagatamaside; sampadamnow; rasaof the rasa dance; mahusavathe festival; gabbhasuin; savvarisuin the nights; kudowhere?; niddaof sleep; gandhothe scent; amhanamof us; tatherefore; juttamappropriate; jevvacertainly; daueyes; vkasyaopening wide; prakamopenly; ajjeO noble lady; ajjatoday; bha-avadi-eof the noble Paurnamasi; nidesenaby the order; de-ada-adanein the temple; amhewe; dinnaja-aramhahave stayed awake all night. (Vikh enters). Vikh: (Aside) We have spend the entire night in the great festival of the rasa dance. Where have we been able to find the slightest fragrance of sleep? It is quite appropriate that we stagger about like this. (She forced her eyes open and says openly) O noble lady, by the order of the noble Paurnamasi we have stayed awake all night in vigil at the temple. Text 1 (c) jail: (svagatam) aho jevva padose vahu-e sejja suna asi. (prakam) visahe a-arehi vahu-am.

svagatamaside; ahoah! jevvacertainly; padoseat night; vahu-eof my daughter-in-law; sejjathe bed; sunaempty; asiwas; prakamopening; visaheO Vikh; a-arehiplease call; vahu-am my daughter-in-law. Jail: (Aside) Aha! That's why my daughter-in-law's bed was empty last night. (Openly) Vikh, please call my daughter-in-law. Text 1 (d) vikh: hala rahe ido ido. halaO; raheRdh; idohere; idohere. Vikh: O Rdh, come here! Come here! Text 1 (e) (praviya) rdh: (caksusu vimrjya. sa-jrmbham) visahe badha niddaulamhi. (iti di darodghatya sa-saka svagatam) kadha idha jjevva ajja. caksusieyes; vimrjyawiping; sawith; jrmbhama yawn; visahe O Vikh; badhamcertainly; niddaby sleep; a-ulamhiI am agitated; itithus; dimeyes; daraa little; udghatyaopening; sawith; sakamfear; svagtamaside; kadhamhwo is it?; ida here; jjevvacertainly; ajjathe noble lady. (Rdh enters). Rdh: (wiping Her eyes and yawning) O Vikh, I am very sleepy. (Opening Her eyes a little, She becomes frightened, and says to Herself) Why has noble Jail come here? Text 1 (f) jail: (rdh nirvarya. svagatam) haddhi haddhi. sacca jjevva eda pi-ambaram.

rdhmat Rdh; nirvaryalooking; svagatamaside; haddhi alas!; haddhialas!; saccamin truth; jjevvaindeed; edamthis; pi-a yellow; ambaramgarment. Jail: (Gazing at Rdh, Jail says to herself) Alas! Alas! It is true! It is a yellow garment! Text 1 (g) rdhik: (janantikam) hala suda ma-e sarangi-muhado ja nisidhe buddhi-a-e tassi vilasa-puline gada asi. ta nuna mhe tattha ditthamhi. jana-antikamaside to Vikh; halaOh!; sudamheard; ma-e by Me; sarangiof Sarangi; muhadofrom the mouth; jamthat; nisidhein the middle of the night; buddhi-a-eby an elderly lady; tassimin this; vilasaof pastimes; pulineshore; gadamgone; asi had; tatherefore; nunamis it not so?; mhewe; tatthathere; ditthamhiwere seen. Rdhik: (Aside to Vikh) From the mouth of Sarangi I heard that the old lady went, in the middle of the night, to the river's shore where we were enjoying pastimes. Is it not true that she must have seen us there? Text 1 (h) vikh: na hu na hu. ja kadhida vunda-e- tuma dhettuna tirohide kanhe tatha amhesu dosu sahisu sa-saka tuha uddesassa gadasu esa buddhi uvatthida. nanot; huindeed; nanot; huindeed; jambecause; kadhidamspoken; vunda-eby Vnd; tumamYou; dhettuna taking; tirohidedisappear from that place. On Your order, we two friends met the old lady when she came. ******************** add translation *******************

Text 1 (i) rdhik: tado kisa i-a koha-bha-akari-e ma pekkhanti citthadi. tadothen; kisawhy?; i-amshe; kohawith anger; bha-akari-e fearful; mamat Me; pekkhantistaring; citthadistands. Rdhik: Then why does she look at Me with this frightening stare? Text 1 (j) jail: (sersyam) miccha-jappini visahe ki nama andhasi tumam. sawith; irsyamanger; nicchaof lies; jappiniO speaker; visahe O Vikh; kimwhether; namaindeed; andhablind; asihave become; tumamyou. Jail: (Angry) Lier Vikh, have you become blind? Text 1 (k) vikh: (rdh vilokya. sa-khedam, janantikam) a-i vilasavimhale ki kkhu idam. rdhmat Rdh; vilokyaglances; sawith; khedam unhappiness; jana-antikamaside to Rdh; a-iO; vilasaby transcendental pastimes; vimhaleagitated; kimwhether?; kkhu indeed; idamthis. Vikh: (Glances at Rdh. Despondent, she speaks an aside to Rdh) O girl agitated to enjoy transcendental pastimes, is it this? Note: the "this" is Rdh's yellow upper garment. Text 1 (l) rdhik: (sva vakso nirkya sa-sambhramam) hala tuma jevva saranam.

svamown; vakachest; nirkyaglancing; sawith; sambhramamagitation; halaO; tumamyou; jevvacertainly; saranamshelter. Rdhik: (Glances at Her own chest) Oh! You are My only shelter now. Text 1 (m) vikh: (jailm avekya. sansktena) muda kipati parvottarala-hrdayabhir yuvatibhi payah-purai piti-ktam ati-haridra-drava-mayai dukula dor-mulopari paridadhana priya-sakhi katha rdhm arye kutilita-drg-anta kalayasi jailmat Jail; avekyaglancing; sansktenain Sanskrit; mudawith happiness; kiptaithrown; parvaby the jubilant festival; uttaralaagitated; hrdayabhiwhose hearts; yuvatibhiby the young girls; payaof water; puraiwith floods; pitiyellow; ktammade; ati-haridra-drava-mayai mixed with yellow dyes; dukulamgarment; doh-mula-uparion the shoulders; paridadhanam placing; priyadear; sakhimfriend; kathamwhy?; rdhmat Rdh; aryeO noble lady; kutilitacrooked; drkof the eyes; antam from the corner; kalayasiyou stare. Vikh: (Glancing at Jail, she says in Sanskrit) With jubilant hearts the young gopis playfully threw water-mixed-with-yellow-dye on each other. This colored water has made the given a yellow color to the cloth over Rdh's shoulder. O noble lady, why do you stare at my dear friend Rdh from the corners of these crooked eyes? Text 1 (n) jail: (sa-visrambham) visahe tu-e jjevva cancala-e mama puttaghara vinasida ja jovvanandhana go-ina majjhe vahudi-a nijja-i. sawith; visrambhamfaith; visaheO Vikh; tu-eby you; jjevvacertainly; cancala-ereckless; mamamy; puttaof the son; ghanamthe home; vinasidamdestroyed; jambecause; jovvana by youthfulness; andhanamblinded; go-inamof gopis; majjhein the midst; vahudi-amy daughter-in-law; nijja-iwas brought.

Jail: (Believing the story) Vikh, because you are so restless you brought my daughter-in-law among these gopis into blinded by their youthfulness. In this way you almost destroyed my son's home. Text 1 (o) vikh: ajje ki ti ma uvalahesi. na uvasanna diva-mali-apabba-lacchi uvalahedi ja-e savva a-bala-vuddha go-ula jjevva ummadidam. ajjeO noble lady; kimwhy?; tithus; mamme; uvalahesido you rebuke; mamthis; uvasanamobtained; diva-mali-aDiwali; pabbafestival; lacchimthe glory; uvalahehiyou may criticize; ja-e by which; savvamall; afrom; balachildren; vuddhamto elders; go-ulamGokula; jjevvacertainly; unmadidamis maddened. Vikh: O noble lady, why do you criticize me? You may just as soon criticize the glory of the Diwali festival, which is coming soon, and which maddens all of Gokula from the small children to the elderly. Text 1 (p) jail: vatse sacca kahesi. ajja rattimi diththa ma-e savva-o goula-kisori-o tattha puline ummatti-bhavi-a ki pi ki citthandi. vatseO child; saccamthe truth; kahesiyou speak; ajjanow; rattiniat night; diththamwas seen; ma-eby me; savva-oall; goulaof Gokula; kisorithe young girls; tattthathere; pulineon the river bank; ummattimaddened; kim pisomething; kim pi something; citthandido. Jail: Child, you speak the truth. Last night I saw all the young girls of Gokula madly doing something like that on the river bank. Text 1 (q) (vikh sa-drg-bhaga rdhikm kate).

vikhVikh; sawith; drkof the eye; bhagama crooked gesture; rdhikmat Rdhik; katelooks. (With a crooked eye Vikh glances at Rdhik). Text 1 (r) jail: (sa-dainyam) a-i visahe pasida pasida. esa anguli-sihara muhe nikkhivi-a abbhatthemi. ta ma-i ekka anuggaha karehi. sawith; dainyamhumbleness; a-iO; visaheVikh; pasida be merciful; pasidabe merciful; esathis; anguliof the finger; siharamthe tip; muhein the mouth; nikkhivi-aplacing; abbhatthemiI beg; tatherefore; ma-ito me; ekkamone thing; anuggahammercy; karehiplease do. Jail: (Humbly) O Vikh, be merciful to me. Be merciful. I place the tip of my finger in my mouth and I beg you. Please be merciful to me. Text 1 (s) vikh: (saprasrayam) ajje ki ti evva bhanasi. nikama anavehi. sawith; prasrayamhumbleness; ajjeO noble lady; kimwhy?; tithus; evamin this way; bhanasido you speak; nikamamas you wish; anavehiyou may order me. Vikh: (Humbly) O noble lady, why do you speak in this way? I am your servant. You may order me as you wish. Text 1 (t) jail: vacche tuma visuddhasi. ta kanha-hatthado rakkhehi vahudi-am. vaccheO child; tumamyou; visuddhapure; asiare; ta therefore; kanhaof Ka; hatthadofrom the hand; rakkhehi please protect; vahudi-ammy daughter-in-law.

Jail: Child, you are very pure at heart. For this reason I ask you: Please protect my daughter-in-law from the hand of this Ka. Text 1 (u) vikh: ajje niccinta hohi lalida kkhu ettha dakkha vi-akkhana a. ajjeO noble lady; niccintafree from anxiety; hohiplease become; jambecause; lalidaLalit; kkhuindeed; etthain this matter; dakkhaexpert; vi-akkhanaintelligent; aand. Vikh: O noble lady, please be free from all worries. Lalit is very intelligent and expert in these affairs. Text 1 (v) jail: kahi gada lalida. kahimwhere?; gadagone; lalidais Lalit. Jail: Where is Lalit now? Text 1 (w) vikh: pekkha. pa-uma-e sama ido jevva esa a-acchadi. pekkhalook!; pa-uma-ePadm; samamwith; idofrom there; jevvacertainly; esashe; a-acchadicomes. Vikh: Look! Accompanied by Padm, she has now come here. Text 1 (x) (praviya padmaya saha). praviyaentering; padmayaPadm; sahawith.

(Accompanied by Padm, Lalit enters). Text 1 (y) lalit: sahi pa-ume kudo a-acchasi. sahiO friend; pa-umePadm; kudofrom whence?; a-acchasi have you come. Lalit: Friend Padm, from where have you come? Text 1 (z) padma: hala kanhassa sa-asado. halaOh!; kanhassaof Ka; sa-asadofrom the presence. Padm: I have come from Ka. Text 1 (aa) lalit: kahi kanho. kahimwhere?; kanhois Ka. Lalit: Where is Ka now? Text 1 (bb) padma: malati-vati-a-perante. malatiof malati flowers; vati-aof the garden; peranteon the boundary. Padm: He is at the boundary of the garden of malati flowers. Text 1 (cc)

lalit: ki kunadi. kimwhat?; kunadiis He doing. Lalit: What is He doing? Text 1 (dd) padma: mahumagala-dudi-o viharadi. mahumagalawith Madhumagala; dudi-oas a second; viharadi enjoys pastimes. Padm: He is performing pastimes with Madhumagala. Text 1 (ee) lalit: (sa-parihasa-smitam) hala ki nama sampuridahitthasi). sawith; parihasaa joking; smitamsmile; halaah!; kim whether?; namaindeed; sampuridafulfilled; ahitthadesires; asi you are. Lalit: (With a jokin smile) Ah! Has He fulfilled all your desires then? Text 1 (ff) padma: (vihasya) ma annadha sambhavehi. ma-e maladi-seharo ekko ganthi-a tassa uvahari-kido. (smrtim abhiniya) hala kadhida me kanhena pa-ume tuma jadha santada mala samappesi evva lalida vi me vicitta-da-u-lacchim. ta esa leha-patti-a tu-e tissa hatthe de-a tti. (iti patrikam arpayati). vihasyalaughing; madon't; annadhaotherwise; sambhavehi think; ma-eby me; maladiof malati flowers; seharoa crown; ekko one; ganthi-astringing; tassaof Him; uvahari-kidooffered; smrtimremembering; abhiniyarepresenting dramatically; hala

indeed; kadhidamsaid; meto me; kanhenaby Ka; pa-umeO Padm; tumamyou; jadhaas; santadamalways; malamgarlands; samappesioffer; evvamin the same way; lalidaLalit; viindeed; meto Me; vicittawonderfully colorful; da-uof mineral pigments; lacchimthe splendor; tatherefore; esathis; mefrom Me; lehapatti-aletter; tu-eby you; tssaof her; hatthein the hand; de-a should be given; ttithus; patrikamthe letter; arpayatigives. Padm: (laughing) Don't think otherwise. I made a crown of flowers and gave it to Ka. (Remembering) Ka said to me, "Padm, you always give Me flower-garlands. In the same way Lalit always gives Me wonderfully colorful mineral pigments. Please place this letter in her hand". (She gives her the letter). Text 1 (gg) lalit: (grhitv svagatam) kada vi kanhassa ma-e da-u-ra-o na samappidotthi. ta ettha avarena kenavi rahassena hodavvam. grhitvtaking; svagatamaside; kada viever; kanhassaof Ka; ma-eby me; da-uof minerals; ra-ocolors; nanot; samappidotthiwas given; tatherefore; etthahere; avarenawith some other; kenaviwith some; rahassenasecret meaning; hodavvammust be. Lalit: (Taking the letter, she says to herself) I have never given mineral pigments to Ka. There must be some other, some secret meaning in these words. Text 1 (hh) (iti praka patrika vacayati) tvaya mukta-giri panau mamatuccha-pada-sthiti nidhiyatam adhiraki ragi-dhatu-paricchada itithus; prakamout loud; patrikamthe letter; vacayati reads; tvayaby you; muktataken from; girithe mountain; panau in the hand; mamaof Me; atuccha-sthiti abundant; nidhiyatam

should be placed; adhirarestless; akiwhose eyes; ragipigments; dhatumineral; paricchada covering. (She reads the letter aloud). "O restless eyed girl, please place in My hand a large quantity of mineral pigment from the mountain" Text 2 (a) (iti kaa vimrsya svagatam) rdh mama panau nidhiyatam. evva sankedena imina anattam. (prakam) sahi tatha karissa ta aggado rahi-a apucchi-a sahehi. itithus; kaamfor a moment; vimrsyareflection; svagatam aside; rdhRdh; mamaMy; panauin the hand; nidhiyatam should be placed; evvamin this way; sankedenaby a meeting; iminaby this; anattamis ordered; prakamopenly; sahiO friend; tathain that way; karissamI shall act; tatherefore; aggado in the presence; rahi-amRdhik; apucchi-aenquiring; sahehi please satisfy. (Reflecting for a moment, she says to herself) These words actually mean "Please place Rdh in My hand". This is a request for a meeting with Rdh. (Openly) O friend, I shall certainly do that. Now you please go to Rdhik, ask about Her welfare, and try to please Her. Text 3 (b) padma: (rdhik upetya sa-narma-smitam) hala rahe ditthi-a nivvivada jadam. jadha go-ulinda-nandanena amhana amsu-a-i avaharida-i tadha amhehi pi tassa ida pidamsu-am. rdhikmRdhik; upetyaapproaching; sawith; narmaa playful; smitamsmile; halaO; raheRdh; ditthi-aby good fortune; nivvivadamundisputed; jadammanifested; jadhaas; goulaof Gokula; indaof the king; nandanenaby the son; amhanam of us; amsu-a-imgarments; avaharida-imstolen; tadhathen; amhehimby us; pieven; tassaof Him; idamthis; pidayellow; amsu-amgarment. Padm: (Approaches Rdh, and says with a playful smile) O Rdh, by good fortune there is no rivalry or dispute between us.

Formerly the Ka, the prince of Gokula, stole our garments, but now You Yourself have stolen His own yellow garment. Text 3 (c) lalit: (smitv) a-i nillajji kukuma-paka-pinjarida pi-a-sahi-e uttari-a pekkhi-a ki ti anattha asakasi. smitvsmiling; a-iO; nillajjishameless girl; kukumakukuma; pakamixed with water; panjaridammade yellow; pi-adear; sahi-e of the friend; uttari-amthe upper garment; pekkhi-aseeing; kim why?; tithus; anatthamsomething improper; asakasiyou suspect. Lalit: (Smiling) O shameless girl, my friend's upper cloth is dyed yellow with kukuma. When you see it, why do you suspect my friend of doing something improper? Text 3 (d) padma: (sa-smitam) hala rahe anujanihi mam. turi-a sahitthali gadu-a kanhassa lila ga-anti pi-a-sahi canda-ali suhava-issam. sawith; smitama smile; halaO; raheRdh; anujanihi please give permission to depart; mamto me; turi-amquickly; sahitthalimto Sakhistali village; gadu-ahaving gone; kanhassaof Ka; limathe pastimes; ga-antimglorifying; pi-adear; sahim friend; canda-alimCandrval; suhava-issamI shall please. Padm: (Smiling) O Rdh, please give me persmission to depart. I shall quickly go to Sakhisthali village and bring pleasure to my dear friend Candrval, who sings the glories of Lord Ka. Text 3 (e) vikh: (vihasya) pa-ume dhanna-o tumhe. jahi adamsane vi kanhassa vilasa-gidihi ni-a-sahi canda-ali suhavi-adi. Vikh: (Laughing) Padm, you are fortunate. Your dear friend Candrval can remain happy simply by singing about Ka, even thoug she does not get the opportunity to see Him.

Text 3 (f) padma: visahe tumhehi kisa tatha na kijja-i. visaheO Vikh; tumhehimby you; kisawhy?; tathain that way; nanot; kijja-iis done. Padm: Vikh, why do you not also act in that way? Text 3 (g) vikh: a-i kudo amhana idi sambhavve-am. a-iO; kudohow?; amhanamfor us; itiin this way; sambhavveamis possible. Vikh: Ah, how will we become able to act like that? Text 3 (h) padma: hala kadha natthi. halaOh!; kadhamwhy?; natthinot. Padm: Why not? Text 3 (i) vikh: muddhe kanhassa nama-mette patthude sahi rahi-a vikkhubbhadi. muddheO charming girl; kanhassaof Ka; namaby the name; matteonly; patthudespoken; sahifriend; rahiaRdhik; vikkhubbhadibecomes agitated. Vikh: O charming girl, my friend Rdhik becomes agitated simply by the sound of the name Ka.

Text 3 (j) padma (svagatam) sapakkhe pemukkariso ima-e vikkhavido. hodu. (prakam) visahe tumhe jjevva sutthu suhini-o. amhana kkhu kavi dukkha-dasa anuvattadi. svagatamaside; sapakkheamong Her own friends; pemof love; ukkarisothe excellence; ima-eby her; vikkhavidois proclaimed; hoduso be it; prakamopenly; visaheO Vikh; tumheyou all; jjevvacertainly; sutthugenuinely; suhini-oare happy; amhanam of us; kkhuindeed; kavisomething; dukkhaof unhappiness; dasa the condition; anuvattadiis. Padm: (Aside) She praises the glory of her friend Rdh's love for Ka. So be it. (Openly) Vikh, you are genuinely happy. I and my friends are actually unhappy. Text 3 (k) lalit: pa-ume kkhu tumhana ki pi dukkha sambhavi-adi. pa-umeO Padm; nanot; kkhucertainly; tumhanamof you; ki pisomething; dukkhamunhappiness; sambhavi-adiis possible. Lalit: Padm, you do not suffer at all. Text 3 (l) Padm: lalide ma evva bhana. ja hara-ganthana-kesa-pasahanabimbahara-ranjana-pahudi-e canda-ali-e nevaccha-i savvada kunantina amhana dukkha jalassa anto natthi. lalideO Lalit; madon't; evvamin this way; bhanaspeak; jam because; haraof garland; ganthanastringing; kesaof hair; pasahanaarranging; bimbabimba fruit; aharaof lips; ranjana anointing with red cosmetic; pahudi-ebeginning with; canda-ali-eof Candrval; navaccha-imin the dressing room; savvadaalways; kunantinamdoing; amhanamof us; dukkhaof suffering; jalassa of the network; antoan end; natthiis not.

Padm: Lalit, don't speak in this way. We are constantly in the dressing room stringing garlands for Candrval, arranging her hair, anointing her bimba-fruit lips with red cosmetics, and decorating her in many ways. Our suffering is a great network that has no end. Text 3 (m) vikh: (vihasya) hala pa-ume sacca tumhana bahu-i dukkhaim. amhana una ekka jjevva. vihasyalaughing; halaO; pa-umePadm; saccamin truth; tumhanamof you; bahu-immany; dukkha-imsufferings; amhanam of us; unaagain; ekkamone; jjevvacertainly. Padm: (Laughing) O Padm, it is true. You and your friends have many sufferings. I and my friends have only one. Text 3 (n) padma: hala ki tat. halaOh!; kimwhat?; tatis that. Padm: Oh! What is that? Text 3 (o) vikh: pa-ume ja kavi macca-dullaha agasatara papphuradi tattha jadahilasassa kassavi kalindi-kula-nandino samadassa gandhakala-hindassa savvada abbhatthana-kadatthanam. pa-umeO Padm; jawhich; kavisomething; maccaby a human being; dullahadifficult to attain; agasain the sky; taraa star; papphuradishining; tatthain that way; jadamanifested; ahilasassaof the desire; kassavisomething; kalindiof the Yamuna; kulaon the shore; nandinoenjoying pastimes; samadassa intoxicated; gandha-kalahindassaof the regal young elephant; savvadaalways; abbhatthanaof yearning; kadatthanamthe torture.

Vikh: For Rdh, Ka is like an unreacheable star shining in the sky. Rdh is continually tormented by the desire to attain this unattainable Ka, who is like a regal young maddened elephant enjoying pastimes on the shore of the Yamuna. Text 3 (p) lalit: (smitv) visahe anna pi ekka garu-a dukkha tu-e kadha visumaridam. smitvsmiling; visaheO Vikh; annamanother; piindeed; ekkamone; garu-amsevere; dukkhamsuffering; tu-eby you; kadhamhow is it?; visumaridamis forgotten. Lalit: (Smiling) O Vikh, there is one more very severe suffering. How have you forgotten it? Text 3 (q) vikh: lalide ki ta sumaravehi. lalideO Lalit; kimwhat?; tamthat; sumaravehiplease remind. Vikh: Lalit, what is it? Please remind me. Text 3 (r) lalit: a-i rjju-e raha-e pa-a-palla-ammi java-a-ra-assa kkhane kkhane vira-anam. a-iOh!; rjju-eO simple girl; rahe-eof Rdh; pa-afeet; pallaammion the blossoms; java-ayavaka; ra-assacosmetic; kkhane moment; kkhaneby moment; vira-anamapplication. Lalit: O simple girl, it is that moment by moment we must continually apply yavaka cosmetics to the flower blossoms of Rdh's feet.

Text 3 (s) vikh: (sa-hasam) ali-a-sankini lalide viramehi viramehi. kanhassa uttamage da-u-ra-o jjevva rehadi na kkhu java-anam. sawith; hasamlaughter; ali-a-sankiniO crooked lier; lalideO Lalit; viramehistop; viramehistop; kanhassaof Ka; uttamangeon the head; da-umineral; ra-aopigment; jjevva certainly; rehadiis manifested; nanot; kkhuindeed; java-anamof yavaka. Vikh: (Laughs) O crooked lier, Lalit, stop! Stop! Rdh's feet are anointed with the mineral pigment from Ka's head. They are not anointed with yavaka. Text 3 (t) rdhik: (sa-lajjam) hala pa-ume imana dummuhina palava ana-ani-a tunna pi-a-sahi canda-ali jjevva jahi. sawith; lajjamembarrassment; halaO; pa-umePadm; imanamof these; dummuhinambad-mouthed girls; palavanthe talking; ana-ani-awithout listening; tunnamat once; pi-adear; sahimfriend; canda-alito Candrval; jjevvacertainly; jahiplease go. Rdhik: (embarrassed) Padm, don't listen to the words of these foul-mouthed girls. Just go at once to your dear friend Candrval. Text 3 (u) padma: jadha adisadi pi-a-sahi. (iti nikrnta). jadhaas; adisadiorders; pi-adear; sahithe friend; itithus; nikrntaexits. Padm: As my dear friend orders. (She exits). Text 3 (v)

lalit: (svagatam) enhi kanhassa anna karissam. (prakam) hala rahe ehi. puppha avacini-a bha-avanta sura pu-emha. svagatamaside; enhimnow; kanhassaof Ka; annathe order; karissamI shall execute; prakamopenly; halaO; rahe Rdh; ehicome here; pupphamflowers; avacini-acollecting; puemalet us worship. Lalit: (Aside) How I shall fulfill Ka's request. (Openly) O Rdh, come here. Let us pick some flowers and then offer the in worship to the sun-god. Text 3 (w) rdhik: (svagatam) ditthi-a hi-a-a-tthido jjevva me kamo ima-e uvanido ja kanhassa damsana ettha sambhave. (prakam) jadha hi ro-adi pi-asahi-e. (iti nikrnta). svagatamaside; ditthi-aby good fortune; hi-a-ain the heart; tthidosituated; jjevvacertainly; meMy; kamodesire; ima-eby her; uvanidois fulfilled; jambecause; kanhassaof Ka; damsanamthe sight; etthahere; sambhavemay be; prakam openly; jadhaas; hiindeed; ro-adiit pleases; pi-aMy dear; sahi-e friend; itithus; nikrntaexits. Rdhik: (Aside) Now, by good fortune, she may fulfill the desire within My heart. In this place it may be possible for Me to see Ka. (Openly) As it pleases My dear friend. (They exit). Text 3 (x) (tata praviati madhuna galenopasyamana kah). tatathen; praviatienters; madhumagalenaby Madhumagala; upasyamanafollowed; kaKa. (Accompanied by Madhumagala, Ka enters). Text 3 (y)

ka: tava stabaka-vallari-catula-gandha-bandi-ktabhramad-bhramara-jhankti-plutam udagra-gunjarbudam sarat-krsa-kalindaja-pulina-vnd-samvardhita parisphurati candraka-sthagitam adya vndvanam tavaof you; stabakaclusters of flowers; vallaricreepers; catula beautiful; gandhafragrance; bandi-ktabecome prisioner; bhramatwandering; bhramaraof the bees; jhanktithe buzzing sounds; plutaminundated; udagragreat; gunjaof the gunja berries; arbudammany millions; saratin autumn; krsathin; kalindajaof the Yamuna River; pulinaof shores; vndthe group; samvardhitamincreased; parisphuratiis manifested; candraka peacock tails; sthagitamcovered; adyanow; vndvanam Vndvana. Ka: Now that autumn has come the Yamuna River has become thin and the sandy beaches on the river shore have increased. The forest of Vndvana is filled with a extended peacock tails, billions of gunja berries, and buzzing bees flying within the boundaries of creepers bearing many clusters of fragrant flowers. Text 4 (punar nibhalya. sanandam). saradi mukharitasas tara nadavalibhir valad-avicala-netra paya vndvane 'dya vidadhati rana-raga vasita-saga-heto sa-rabhasa-guru-srngai sagave pungavendra punaagain; nibhalyalooking; sawith; anandambliss; saradi in autumn; mukharitafilled with sound; asathe directions; tara loud; nadaof sounds; avalibhiwith multitudes; valatmoving; avicalasteady; netrawhose eyes; payalook!; vndvanein Vndvana; adyanow; vidadhatiplaces; rana-ragamthe batle; vasitawith a cow; sagaof union; hetofor the purpose; sarabhasapowerful; gurularge; srngaiwith horns; sagavein the morning; pungava-indrathe great bliss.

(Looking again. Blissful) Now that it is autumn all directions in Vndvana forest are filled with loud sounds. Look! For the sake of a cow in heat, the powerful bulls are dueling with long horns. Text 5 madhumagala: (sarvato vilokya) tuha sagamena nuna mu-unda vunda-da-i ghana-cchaya u-a dambhena kuranta-a-bharassa pidambara dhara-i sarvatain all directions; vilokyalooking; tuhawith You; sagamenaby contact; nunamis it not so?; mu-undaO Ka; vundada-iVndvana; ghanadense; chayashade; u-aindeed; dambhenaby a trick; kuranta-aof yellow kurantaka flowers; bharassaof the abundance; pidayellow; ambaramgarments; dhara-iwears. Madhumagala: (Looking in all directions) O Mukunda, has this Vndvana forest become pleasantly shady because of Your touch? On the pretext of bearing these many blossoming yellow kurantaka flowers, the forest is now dressed in yellow garments. Text 6 ka: (svagatam) kim adya nistankita-sanketa-lekharthaya purna-manorathi-karisye 'ha lalitya. hanta sarada-madhuri-sandohasandanitapi vndtavi-kaka khanjanaki-viprakarsad ananda-bindum api na me sandadhati. tad venu-sanketa sancarayami. (iti tatha kurvan) svagatamaside; kimwhether?; adyanow; nistankita understood; sanketaof the rendezvous; leghaof the letter; arthaya the meaning; purnafulfilled; manorathidesires; karisyeshall become; ahamI; lalityaby Lalit; hantaindeed; saradaof autumn; madhurithe sweetness; sandohaby the abundance; sandanitabound; apialthough; vndtaviof Vndvana forest; kakathe interior; khanjana-akifrom Srimati Rdhrani, who restless eyes resemble agile khanjana birds; viprakarsadbecause of separation; anandaof happiness; binduma drop; apieven; na not; meto Me; sandadhatigives; tattherefore; venuof the flute; sanketama signal; sancarayamiI shall give; itithus; tathain that way; kurvandoing.

Ka: (aside) Did Lalit understand the hint in My letter? Will she fulfill My desire? Alas! Now that I am separated from Rdh, whose restless eyes are like playful khanjana birds, even this Vndvana forest, which is now filled with the sweet beauty of autumn, does not give Me even a drop of happiness. I shall send a signal with My flute. (He does that). Text 6 (b) divyo rathangi samaya sakhi sagamasya jajne varangi tarasa kuru paka-patam adhvanam ardha-nayanena vilokamana sokad aya sahacaras tava rauraviti divyasplendid; rathangiO cakravaki bird; samayathe time; sakhiO friend; sagamasyaof meeting; jajneis manifested; varaangiO beautiful-limbed girl; tarasaat once; kuruplease do; paka to the side; patamgoing; adhvanamthe path; ardhahalf; nayanenawith eyes; vilokamanagazing; sokatfrom grief; ayam He; sahacarathe friend; tavaof You; rauraviticontinually cries. O cakravaki, now the auspicious time to meet Your lover has come. O beautiful girl, please quickly come to My side. Your friend is gazing at the path with half-open eyes. He constantly cries in grief. Text 7 (a) madhumagala: bho va-assa kim eda apuvva vadidam. bhoO; va-assafriend; kimwhat?; edamthis; apuvvam unprecedented; vadidamsound. Madhumagala: O friend, what was that wonderful, unprecedented sound? Text 7 (b) ka: sakhe kurangi-lokanartha mamayam udyama.

sakheO friend; kurangia doe; lokanafor looking; arthamfor the purpose; mamaof Me; ayamthis; udyamaendeavor. Ka: Friend, that was My effort to find a doe. Text 7 (c) madhumagala: sacca kadhidam. ki tu ekka akkhara annadha ki-am. saccamthe truth; kadhidamis spoken; kimwhy?; tuhowever; ekkamone; akkharamsyllable; annadhaotherwise; ki-amis done. Madhumagala: The truth is spoken. What is the need of speaking even one syllable more? Text 7 (d) ka: sakhe sadhu vadita kurangi-locanartham eva. sakheO friend; sadhuwell; vaditamspoken; kurangia doe; locanaseeing; arthamfor the purpose; evacertainly. Ka: Well said, My friend. This is to find a doe. Note: The word "locana" may mean either "seeing" or "eye". If interpreted to mean "eye", the word "kurangi-locana" may be interpreted to mean "doe-eyed Rdh". In this way Ka's statement may mean "This is for the doe-eyed Rdh". Text 7 (e) (nepathye) pibantina vamsi-rava iha gava karna-culukai payah-pura durad disi disi tatha susruvur ami akale puspadbhis tarubhir abhita sobhitam ida yatha vndranya dadhi-maya-nadi-matrkam abhut

nepathyebehind the scenes; pibantinamdrinking; vamsiof the flute; ravamthe sound; ihahere; gavamof the cows; karnaof the ears; culukaiwith cupped hands; payaof milk; purafloods; duratfrom a great distance; disi disiin all directions; tathain that way; susruvuflowed; amithey; akaleout of season; puspadbhi flowering; tarubhiby trees; abhitaeverywhere; sobhitam beautified; idamthis; yathaas; vnd-aranyamforest of Vndvana; dadhiof yogurt; mayaconsisting; nadia river; matrkamlike; abhutbecame. A Voice From Behind the Scenes: As, with the cupped hands of their ears, the surabhi cows drink the sound of the flute, they fill all directions with a great flood of milk. Even though it is not the season for them to bloom, all the trees have suddenly opened with many flowers, beautifying the forest of Vndvana. These newly blossomed flowers have curdled the flood of milk from the surabhi cows, and now a great flood of yogurt flows in Vndvana forest. Text 8 ka: sakhe dakinata paya paya. tugas tamroru-srnga sphurad-aruna-khuro ramya-pingekaa-r kaha-vyalambi-ganto dharani-vilulitoccanda langula-danda so 'ya kailasa-pandu-dyutir atula-kakun-mandalo naicikina cakre bhati priyo me parimala-tulitotphulla-padma kakudmi sakheO friend; dakinaafrom the right; payalook!; paya look!; tugatall; tamrared; urugreat; srnga horns; sphurat manifested; arunared; khurahooves; ramyabeautiful; pinga reddish; kaaeyes; rbeauty; kahaon the neck; vyalambi hanging; gantaa bell; dharanion the earth; vilulitarolling; uccandagreat; langula-dandatail; sah ayamthis; kailasaof Mount Kailasa; panduwhite; dyuti splendor; atulapeerless; kakut of humps; mandalathe host; naicikinamof surabhi cows; cakre in the circle; bhatiis splendidly manifest; priyafavorite; meMy; parimala-tulita-utphulla-padmanamed Padmgandha; kakudmi bull. Ka: Friend, on the right, look! Look! There is My pet bull Padmgandha among the surabhi cows. He is very tall and he has great red horns. His hooves and his beautiful and handsome eyes are also red, a bell hangs from his neck, his long tail moves on the ground,

he is very tall, he possesses an incomparable hump, and he is the same white color as Mount Kailasa. Text 9 (a) (tata praviati sakhibhyam anugamyamana rdh). tatathen; praviatienters; sakhibhyamby two friends; anugamyamanafollowed; rdhRdh. (Accompanied by two gopi-friends, Rdh enters). Text 9 (b) rdh: (svagatam) jado disado venu-saddo a-ado sa disa mohida-e ma-e sambhavida. svagatamaside; jadofrom this; disadodirection; venuof the flute; saddothe sound; a-adohas come; sathis; disadirection; mohida-emistaken; ma-eby Me; nanot; sambhavidais possible. Rdh: (Aside) A flute sound came from this direction. I must be mistaken. It is not possible. Text 9 (c) lalit: (sotrasa-smitam) hala rahi-e kisa akande harina-kanni tuma jadasi. sawith; utprasasatire; halaO; rahi-eRdhik; kisawhy?; akandesuddenly; harinaof a doe; kanniwith ears; tumamyou; jada asihave become. Lalit: (With a satiric smile) O Rdhik, why have You suddenly prick up Your ears like the ears of a doe? Text 9 (d)

rdhik: lalide ki ti appano dhamma parassa appesi. sacca tuma jjevva harini ja kala-saddena harijjanti disani. lalideO Lalit; kimwhy?; tithus; appanoof the self; dhammamnature; parassaof another; appesiyou place; saccam in truth; tumamyou; jjevvaindeed; harinithe doe; jambecause; kalasweet; saddenaby the sound; harijjantienchanted; disasi you are seen. Rdhik: Lalit, why do you attribute your own qualities to others? In truth you are like a doe by because it is easy to see how you are enchanted by the sound of the flute. Text 9 (e) lalit: rahe tuma kkhu harini ja rangini nama harini tumha sahi. raheO Rdh; tumamYou; kkhuindeed; harinia doe; jam because; ranginiRangini; namanamed; harinithe doe; tumhaof You; sahiis the friend. Lalit: Rdh, You are the doe. After all, the doe named Rangini, is Your friend. Text 9 (f) rdhik: (svagatam) ditthi-a esa kavi sorabha-dhara-vadi-a dodudivva ma a-atthadi. (iti sa-vyaja pura prayati). svagatamaside; ditthi-aby good fortune; esathis; kavi something; sorabbhaof sweet fragrance; dharathe flood; vadi-a garden; dodudia messenger; ivvalike; mamMe; a-atthadipulls; itithus; sawith; vyajama trick; puraahead; prayatigoes. Rdhik: (Aside) The flood of sweet fragrance coming from the forest-garden tugs at me as if it were a gopi-messenger. (With a trick She walks ahead). Text 9 (g)

vikh: (smitv) hala rahi kisa tuma bhangiva gandha sappasi. smitvsmiling; halaO; rahiRdh; kisawhy?; tumamYou; bhangia bee; ivalike; sappasiYou go. Vikh: Friend Rdh, how have You become like a bumble-bee, attracted by a sweet fragrance? Text 9 (h) rdhik: visahe aggado phulla-i kusuma-i disanti. ta eda-i ghettuna ta mitta pu-a-issam. visaheVikh: aggadobefore us; phulla-imblossomed; kusuma-imflowers; disantiare visible; tatherefore; eda-im ; ghettunataking; tamhim; mittamthe sun-god; pu-a-issamI shall worship. Rdhik: Vikh, many blossoming flowers may be seen before us. I shall pick some and use them in the worship of the sun-god. Text 9 (i) lalit: sacca mittasya anura-a tuma taraledi. bho dava gahanacarassa jjevva na kkhu ga-ana-carassa. saccamin truth; mittasyaof the sun-god; anura-amlove; tumamYou; taraledicauses to tremble; bhoO; davain that way; gahanain the forest; carassamoving; jjevvacertainly; nanot; kkhuindeed; ga-anain the sky; carassamoving. Lalit: You are actually trembling with love for the sun-god. This must be love for the sun-god who moves in the forest, and not the sungod who moves in the sky. Note: The forest sun-god is Ka. Text 9 (j)

rdhik: (sa-pranaya-rosam) a-i adakkhine kamala-bandhu kadhemi. sawith; pranayaof love; rosamthe anger; a-iO; adakkine uncivilized girl; kamalaof the lotus flowers; bandhumthe friend; kadhemiI speak. Rdhik: (In the anger of love) O uncivilized girl, I speak of the moon who is the friend of the lotus flowers. Note: The sunlight causes the lotuses to bloom, and therefore it is considered the lotus' friend. In these words Rdh denies that She trembles with love for the sun who moves in the forest (Ka). She affirms that She feels affection for the sun who travels in the sky. Text 9 (k) lalit: sahi kisa a-ara sangovesi. sahiO friend; kisawhy?; a-aramactual purpose; sangovesi You conceal. Lalit: Friend, why do You hide Your actual purpose? Text 9 (l) vikh: lalide savatti-ba-ena isa cce-a sangovedi. na una pi-asahi. lalideO Lalit; savattiof a rival; bha-enawith the nature; isa angry; cce-aas if; sangovediShe conceals; nanot; unaagain; piadear; sahifriend. Vikh: Lalit, She is angry because She thinks you have become Her competitor. For this reason She conceals Her actual intention. She is no longer your dear friend. Text 9 (m)

rdh: (sa-bhru-bhagam) a-i vame attano hi-a-tthida attha para-munde kisa padesi. ta tuvarehi. ja nadi-dure jjevva so tumhana bimbahara-kandu-khandano. sawith; bhruof the eyebrows; bhagamknitting; a-iO; vame contrary girl; attanoown; hi-a-ain the heart; tthidamsituated; atthampurpose; para-mundeO fool; kisawhy?; padesiyou reveal; tatherefore; tuvarehihurry; jambecause; nanot; adi very; durefar away; jjevvaindeed; soHe; tumhanamof you; bimbabimba fruit; aharaof the lips; kanduof the itching; khadano the destroyer. Rdh: (Knitting Her eyebrows) Treacherous girl! Fool! Why do you reveal the actual desire in your heart? Hurry! Your lover Ka, who relieves the itching sensation of Your lips, is not far from you. Text 9 (n) lalit: rahe akomara amhe na akkhudida kulagana-vvada vundavana-lada-o jjevva janeneti. ta attano muhena ki kadhaissamha. raheO Rdh; akomaramfrom childhood; amhanamof us; akkhudidamunbroken; kulaganaof chastity; vvadamthe vow; vundavanaof Vndvana; lada-othe creepers; jjevvacertainly; janentiunderstand; tatherefore; attanoown; muhenawith the mouth; kimwhat?; kadha-issamhashall we say. Lalit: O Rdh, the creepers of Vndvana forest know that since childhood my vow of chastity has never been broken. What shall I say with my mouth? Text 7 (c) rdhik: (vihasya) a-i pa-ivvade janenti janenti. tado jjevva kalle tuha bhu-a-vallino anke sakamida dittha ma-e ma-ara-kundalalanchanam. tadha jjevva visana-e-tattha tuli-ovari kkhudida sihandakiridam. vihasyalaughing; a-iO; pa-ivvadechaste girl; janentithey know; tadothen; jjevvacertainly; kalleat dawn; tuhaof you; bhuaof the arm; vallinoof the creeper; ankein the lap; sakamidam

transfered; ditthamseen; ma-eby Me; ma-arashark; kundalaof earrings; lanchanamthe mark; tadhathen; jjevvacertainly; visahaeof Vikh; tatthathere; tulikathe bed; uvarion; kkhudidam fallen; sihandapeacock feather; kiridamcrown. Rdhik: (Laughing) O chaste girl, they know. They know. At dawn I personally saw the mark of Ka's shark-shaped earring imprinted on the creeper of your arm. In the same way I also saw Ka's peacock feather crown on Vikh's bed. Text 7 (p) lalit: (smitv) para-parivadini avehi avehi. smitvsmiling; parasupremely; parivadiniscandalous girl; avehigo!; avehigo! Lalit: (Laughing) Scandalous girl, go away! Go away! Text 7 (q) vikh: rahe kittiya jhampissasi. na kkhu candalo-e candakantasila appasinna hodu pahuvadi. raheO Rdh; kittiyamhow much?; jhampissasican You conceal; nanot; kkhuindeed; candalo-eon the moon; candakanta a candrakanta jewel; apasinnawithout perspiring; hodumto be; pahuvadiis able. Vikh: Rdh, how much can You hide? A candrakanta jewel on the moon cannot avoid melting away. Note: When exposed to moonlight the candrakanta jewel melts. Just as a candrakanta jewel on the moon cannot avoid melting away, in the same way Rdh cannot conceal Her love for Ka. Text 7 (r) rdhik: (puro sa-camatkaram) lalide tunna anujanehi. palaissam. (ity utkampate)

puraahead; dvlooking; sawith; camatkaramwonder; lalideO Lalit; tunnamat once; anujanehiplease excuse Me; palaissamI am running away; itithus; utkampateShe trembles. Rdhik: (Looking ahead. Astonished) Lalit, please excuse Me. I am going to run away. (She trembles). Text 7 (s) lalit: (sasakam) rdhe kisa bha-esi. sawith; asakamfear; rdheO Rdh; kisawhy?; bha-esiare You afraid. Lalit: (Frightened) Rdh, whast has frightened You? Text 7 (t) rdhik: (sabhyasuyam) a-i vanke ala imina ujju-attanena. nuna imassa lampadassa hatthe pekkhedu ma dure anidasi. sawith; abhyasuyamenmity; a-iO; vankecrooked girl; alam what is the use?; iminaof this; ujju-attanenaof the simpleness; nunamis it not so?; imassaof this; lampadassadebauchee; hatthe in the hand; pakkhedumto place; mamMe; durefrom far away; anidasiyou have brought. Rdhik: (Enimical) O crooked girl, what is this use of this pretended innocence? Is it not true that you have brought Me here from far away simply to place Me in the hand of this debauchee? Text 7 (u) lalit: (nipuna nibhalya svagatam) nuna durado vilo-ijjanta tamala jjevva i-a kanha mannedi. (prakam) hu dani kadha pala-issasi. laddho ma-e osaro. (iti rdhm akarsati). nipunamcarefully; nibhalyalooking; svagatamaside; nunam is it not?; duradofro far away; vilo-ijjantambeing seen; tamalama

tamala tree; jjevvacertainly; i-amShe; kanhamKa; mannedi considers; prakamopenly; humOh?; danimnow; kadham why?; pala-issasishould You run away; laddhoobtained; ma-eby me; osarothe opportunity; itithus; rdhmRdh; akarsatipulls. Lalit: (Carefully looking, she says to herself) Is it not that this girl sees a tamala tree from a distance and She thinks the tree is Ka? (Openly) Why should You run away? You have this opportunity because of me. (She pulls Rdh). Text 7 (v) rdhik: (sa-kataryam) sahi visahe parittahi parittahi. saranaadamhi. sawith; kataryamtorment; sahiO friend; visaheVikh; parittahiprotect; parittahiprotect; sarana-adamhiI take shelter of you. Rdhik: (Tormented) Friend Vikh, protect Me! I run to you for shelter. Text 7 (w) visakhe: a-i pemm-ubbhamide kadha tilloka jjeva de kanha-edi. pekkha eso pals na kj kkhu jjevva vilasi. a-iO; pemmby love; ubbhamidebewildered; kadhamhow is it?; tillokamthe three worlds; jjevacertainly; defor You; kanha-edi have become Ka; pekkhalook!; esothis; palasia tree; na not; kkhuindeed; jjevvacertainly; vilasithe playful Ka.

Vikh: O girl bewildered by love, how is it that, for You, all the three worlds have become transformed into Ka? Look! This is a tree. It is not the playful Ka. Text 7 (x)

ka: katha nedanim api pratyasanna tanv-angi. tan muralim irayami. (iti tatha kurvan). kathamhow is it?; nanot; idanimnow; apieven; pratyasanna arrived; tanu-angithe slender girl; tattherefore; muralimthe flute; irayamiI shall cause to speak; itithus; tathain that way; kurvandoing. Ka: How is it that the slender Rdh cannot yet come? I shall play My flute. (He does that). Text 7 (y) ayi sudhakara-mandali mandaya tvam atavi mrdu-pada-visarpanai udaya-saila-tati-nihitekao nanu cakora-yuva paritapyate ayiO; sudhakara-mandalimoon; mandayaplease decorate; tvamYou; atavimthe forest; mrdugentle; padaof steps; visarpanaiwith movements; udaya-saila-tation the eastern horizon; nihitaplaced; kaaglance; nanuis it not so?; cakora cakor bird; yuvayoung; paritapyateis distressed. O moon, please decorate this forest with your soft footsteps. Anxiously waiting for you, a young cakora bird stares at the eastern horizon. Text 10 (a) Vikh: (svaya dhairyam avastabhya) hala rahe kisa tuma bhamanti kalamba olambesi. svayamown; dhairyampeaceful composure; avastabhya resting; halaO; raheRdh; kisawhy?; tumamYou; bhamanti reeling about; kalambaon this kadambe tree; olambesiYou rest. Vikh: (Peaceful and sober) O Rdh, why did You reel about and fall on this kadamba tree? Text 30 (b)

lalit: sahi vamsi-e vara vara tuma vandemi. ja ugghadidarahassa tu-e rahi kida. sahiO; vamsi-eO flute; varamagain; varamand again; tumamto you; vandemiI offer my respectful obeisances; jam because; ugghadidamanifested; rahassasecret; tu-eby you; rahi Rdh; kidais done. Lalit: O friend the flute, again and again I bow down to offer respects to you. You have openly revealed the great secret kept within this Rdh. Text 10 (c) (rdhik sa-lajjam avahittha natayati). rdhikRdhik; sawith; lajjamembarrassment; avahittham concealment; natayatirepresents dramatically. (Rdhik tries to hide the outward expression of Her love for Ka). Text 10 (d) lalit: (sansktena) visadbhi karnante tava visrmarair adya muralikalair uru-sthambho gurur ajani rambhoru tarasa viluptabhud dir nayana-jala-vrsti-vyatikarai pranitabhir yatnat tad alam avahittha-laharibhi sansktenain Sanskrit; visadbhientering; karnaof the ears; antethe corner; tavaof You; vismaraimoving; adyanow; murali of the flute; kalaiby the sweet music; uruof the thighs; stambhathe pillar; gurustunned; ajanihave become; rambhauruO girl whose thighs are as beautiful as banana trees; tarasaat once; viluptabroken; abhuthas become; disight; nayana-jala of tears; vrstiof rain; vyatikaraiby the abundance; pranitabhi brought; yatnatwith great effort; tattherefore; alamwhat is the use?; avahitthaof concealment; laharibhiof these waves.

Lalit: (In Sanskrit) O girl whose thighs are as beautiful as plantain trees, the sweet sound of the flute have now are now gliding into Your ears. That flute music have has made the pillars of Your thighs stunned and motionless, and it has also blinded You with a monsoon of tears. What is the use of this great endeavor to hide Your emotion with these waves of concealment? Text 11 (a) vikh: lalide ko dani avahittha-e osaro. lalideO Lalit; kowhat?; danimnow; avahittha-aof concealment; osaroopportunity. Vikh: Lalit, now what chance does She have to conceal Her actual emotions? Text 11 (b) (sansktena) trapabhicarana-krame parama-siddhir atharvani amaranala samindhane sapadi samidheni-dhvani tathatma-paramatmanor upanisan-mayi sagame vilasa-murali-bhava virutir adya vairayate sansktenain Sanskrit; trapashyness; abhicaranaa charm to exorcise; parama-siddhiperfect; atharvania mantra from the Atharva Veda; smaraof amorous love; analathe fire; samindhane in igniting; sapadiat once; samidheni-dhvanithe sacred mantra for igniting the sacrificial fire; tathain that way; atmaof the individual soul; paramatmanoand of the Supersoul; upanisat-mayithe mantra of the Upanisads; sagamein union; vilasapastime; murali of the flute; bhavanature; virutithe sound; adyanow; vairayate has become Your enemy. (In Sanskti) The playful of the flute has now become Your enemy. That flute music is the mantra from the Atharva Veda to exorcise Your shyness. It is the sacred mantra to ignite the sacrificial fire of amorous

pastimes. It is the "tat tvam asi" mantra of the Upanisads to proclaim Your conjugal union with Lord Ka. Text 12 (a) rdhik: (sa-ksobham) sahi sacca kadhesi. mahana va-irini samvutta daruno vamsi-a. ta uvala-issam. sawith; ksobhamagitation; sahiO friend; saccamthe truth; kadhesiyou speak; amhanamof us; va-irinithe enemy; samvutta has become; darunothe cruel; vamsiflute; tatherefore; uvalaissamI shall rebuke. Rdhik: (Agitated) Friend, you speak the truth. This cruel flute is now My enemy. I shall now rebuke it. Text 12 (b) (iti sansktena) sutis te dhanusas ca vamsa-varato vande tayor antima viddho yena janas tanu viharayan nantas cira tamyati viddhana hrdi mara-patri-visamair dhvanesubhir mas tvaya krure vamsi na jivana na ca mrtir ghoravirasid dasa itithus; sansktenain Sanskrit; sutibirth; teof you; dhanusaof the bow; caand; vamsavaratafrom the excellent bamboo; vandeI offer my respectful obeisances; tayoof both; antimamthe end; viddapierced; yenaby which; janaa person; tanumthe body; viharayangiving up; nanot; antawithin; ciram for a long time; tamyatisuffers; viddhanamof those who are pierced; hrdiin the heart; maraof cupid; patrithan the arrows; visamaimore terrible; dhvanasound; isubhiby the arrows; na of us; tvayaby you; krureO cruel; vamsiflute; nanot; jivanam life; nanot; caand; mrtideath; ghorahorrible; avirastiis manifested; dasathe condition. (In Sanskrit) O flute, although both you and the bow are born from the great bamboo cane, still it is to the bow that I offer My respectful obeisances and not to you. When a person is wounded by arrows from the bow, a person quickly gives up his body without suffering for a long time. However, when a person is pierced by the musical arrows of the

flute, which are more terrible even than the arrows of cupid, O cruel flute, when pierced by your musical arrows, which are more terrible and dangerous than even the arrows of cupid, a person attains a very horrible situation where he remains neither dead or alive. Text 13 ka: (puro vilokya sanandam) bhavita savidhe 'tra rdhik yad iya ringati rangini pura mrga-lanchana-lekhayeva ya mrga-murtir na taya viyujyate puraahead; vilokyalooking; sawith; anandambliss; bhavita will be; savidhanear; atrahere; rdhikRdhik; yatwhich; iyamShe; ringatimoves; ranginithe doe name Rangini; purain the presence; mrga-lanchanaof the moon; lekhayawith the mark; ivaas if; yawho; mrgaof the deer; murtithe form; nanot; taya by her; viyujyateabandoned. Ka: (Looking ahead, He becomes blissful) Here is Rdh's pet doe Rangini. Because just as the moon never leaves its deer-like markings, Rdhik never leaves the company of Rangini, Rangini's presence means that Rdhik will soon appear in this place. Note: In the convention of Sanskrit poetry, the shadows of the moon are said to resemble the shape of a deer's justas in the west the moon's shadows are said to resemble the face of a man. Text 14 (a) (punar nirupya) sakhe jnata jnatam. nasau rdhik-nyanku. yad niranko nediyan indu. (iti vismayam abhiniya). punaagain; nirupyalooking; sakheO friend; jnatamit is understood; jnatamit is understood; nanot; asauthis; rdhikof Rdhik; nyankuthe doe; yatbecause; ayamthis; niraka spotless; nediyanapproaching; induthe moon; itithus; vismayam wonder; abhiniyarepresenting dramatically.

(Looking again) Friend, I understand. I understand. This is not Rdhik's pet doe. It is a spotless moon approaching us. (He is struck with wonder). Text 14 (b) akat parityajya pura kuraga sanke sudhamsur bhuvam asasada (punar nibhalya) a jnatam utphulla-vilasa-vndir anandi rdh-vadana cakasti (ity agre sarati). akatfrom the lap; parityajyaabandoning; purain the presence; kuragamthe deer; sankeI think; sudha-amsuthe nectar moon; bhuvamto the world; asasadahas come; puna again; nibhalyalooking; amyes; jnatamunderstood; utphulla blossomed; vilasaof pastimes; vndiwith hosts; anandi delightful; rdhof Rdh; vadanamthe face; cakastiis manifested; itithus; agrebefore; saratigoes. I think the moon has left its deer and descended to this earth. (Looks again) Ah! Now I understand. This is Rdh's delightful face, which is filled with blossoming, playful pastimes. (He approaches). Text 15 (a) madhumagala: (sa-parihasam) bho va-assa ma dhava. lahu jahi. ahava tuma ki ti dusijjasi ja dhutta-kisorihi duttha-mantena ummadidosi. ta imassi jogge osare tuma nivari-a sinhehassa nikida karissam. (iti panim adadhati). sawith; parihasamjoking; bhoO; va-assafriend; madon't; dhavarun; lahuslowly; jahigo; ahavaotherwise; tumamYou; kimwhether; itithus; dusijjasiYou are polluted; jambecause; dhuttarascal; kisorihimby these girls; dutthabad; mantenaby the advise; ummadidosiYou have become maddened; tatherefore; imassimin this; joggeproper; osareoccasion; tumamYou; nivariarestraining; sinehassaof love; nikidamthe requital; karissamI shall do; itithus; panimhad; adadhatitakes.

Madhumagala: (Joking) O friend, don't run. Walk slowly. How have You become so bewildered? You must have become mad by listening to the bad advise of these rascal girls. At the right time I will make all the arrangements. I will arrange that Your love is requited. (He takes Ka's hand). Text 15 (b) ka: sakhe sadhu cestase yad adya rdhikopasarpane kampena kta-vighnasya me datta-hastavalambo 'si. (iti parikramya) sakheO friend; sadhuwell; cestaseyou do; yatbecause; adya now; rakhikaof Rdhik; upasarpanein the approaching; kampenaby trembling; ktadone; vighnasyaimpediment; meof Me; dattagiven; hastaof the hand; avalambaresting; asiyou are; itithus; parikramyawalking. Ka: Friend, you do well. I tremble as I approach Rdhik. It is difficult for Me to proceed. It is good that you are holding My hand. (He walks). Text 15 (c) iyam ati-trsita varanuragojjvala-sumana kamaniya-patra-lekha mama vara-tanur acakarsa citta madhupam asoka-lateva puspitagra iyamShe; ativery; trsitamthirsty; varaexcellent; anuraga with love; ujjvalasplendid; sumanawhose kind heart; kamaniya beautiful; patratablet; lekhadecorated with lines; mamaof Me; varabeautiful; tanuwhose form; acakarsaattracted; cittamthe heart; madhupama bumble-bee; asokaan asoka; latacreeper; iva like; puspitawith blossoming flowers. Her heart resplendent with transcendental love, and Her face beautifully decorated with ornamental lines drawn with various cosmetics, this beautiful girl attracts My heart and makes Me thirsty to

attain Her. She attracts Me just as a blossoming asoka creeper attracts a bumble-bee. Note: If the word "anuraga" is taken it to mean "reddish", and "sumanah" is taken to mean "the sumanah flower", then the verse may be interpreted in the following way: "Her complexion is splendid as beautifully reddis sumanah flowers, and Her face beautifully decorated with ornamental lines drawn with various cosmetics, this beautiful girl attracts Me just as a blossoming asoka creeper attracts a bumble-bee". Text 16 rdhik: (kam apangena vilokya. svagatam. sansktena) nava-manasija-lila-bhranta-netranta-bhaja sphuta-kisalaya-bhangi-sangi-karnancalasya milita-mrdula-mauler malaya malatina madayati mama medha madhuri madhavasya kamKa; apangenafrom the corner of Her eye; vilokya seeing; svagatamaside; sansktenain Sanskrit; navanew; manasijaof love; lilapastimes; bhrantabewildered; netraof the eyes; antathe corners; bhajapossesing; sphutablossomed; kisalayatwigs; bhangibeding; sangitouching; karnaof the ears; ancalasyathe edge; militanot; mrdulagentle; mauleof the crown; malayaby the garland; malatinamof the crown; malayaby the garland; malatinamof jasmine flowers; madayatimaddens; mamaMy; medhamintelligent; madhurithe sweetness; madhavasyaof Ka. Rdhik: (Gazes at Ka from the corner of Her eyes, and then says to Herself in Sanskrit:) The corner of His eyes are overwhelmed with ever-fresh amorous pastimes, an a blossoming twig decorates His ear, and a garland os malati flowers crowns His head. The sweetness of Madhava (Ka) maddens My intelligence. Text 17 vikh: (vihasya sansktena) vasi-cakre kas tava parimalair eva balibhir

vialsana vnd katham iva mudha kandalayasi jaye panau datte rana-patubhir agre sarbhatai svaya ko vikranti punar iha jigisu pranayati vihasyalaughing; sansktenain Sanskrit; vasi-cakrebrought under control; kaKa; tavaof You; parimalai by the fragrance; evacertainly; balibhipowerful; vilasanamof pastimes; vndmthe host; kathamwhy?; ivaas if; mudhauselessly; kandalayamido You manifest; jayevictorious; panauin the hand; datteplaced; ranain battle; patubhiexpert; agrein the presence; sarbhataiby the soldiers; svayampersonally; ka who?; vikrantimvalor; punaagain; ihahere; jigisuone desiring victory; pranayatidoes. Vikh: (Laughing, she says in Sanskrit:) The sweet fragrance of Your body now brought this Ka completely under Your dominion. Why do You uselessly play in this way? When the strong warrior expert in battle already place victory in the one'hand, what general would engage in any further fighting to gain the conquest? Text 18 (a) rdhik: a-i dummuhi patti-amsi sakade ma srovi-a ajjavi na vissantasi. ta nikkiva-hi-a-a tuma ujjhi-a aha siniddha-pi-sahi lalida carana pavisami. (iti tatha ktv sansktena). a-iO; dummuhifull-mouthed girl; patti-ammiattained; sakade nearness; mamto Me; arovi-aattained; ajjavieven now; nanot; vissantasiyou are peaceful; tatherefore; nikkivawithout mercy; hi-a-amwhose heart; tumamyou; ujjhi-aabandoning; ahamI; siniddhaaffectionate; pi-adear; sahimfriend; lalidamLalit; saranamshelter; pavisamiI shall enter; itithus; tathain that way; ktvdoing; sansktenain Sanskrit. Rdhik: O foul-mouthed girl, you shall not stay in My company. There is no mercy in your heart. I shall abandon you and take shelter of My dear, affectionate friend Lalit. (She does that, and then says in Sanskrit:) Text 18 (b) atrayanta calam api hari lokayanti balistha

tvam alambya priya-sakhi ghane nasmi kunje nilina atrahere; ayantamcoming; calamrestless; apialso; harim Ka; lokayantiseeing; balisthamvery powerful; tvamof you; alambyataking shelter; priyadear; sakhiO friend; ghanedense; nanot; asmiI am; kunjein the forest; nilinaentered. I see the restless Ka approaching. O dear friend, you are very strong. I take shelter of you. I shall no longer stay in this dense forest. Text 18 (c) lalit: (sa-narma-amitam. sansktena). asman mugdhe hrdaya-nihitad adya pitambarat te sakto nanya kuca-paricaye mat-puro ma vyathistha sawith; narmaa playful; smitamsmile; sansktenain Sanskrit; asmatfrom this; mugdheO charming girl; hrdayaon the chest; nihitatplaced; adyanow; pitayellow; ambaratthan the garment; teof You; saktais able; nanot; anya anyone; kuca of the breasts; paricayein intimacy; matof me; purain the presence; madon't; vyathisthabecome agitated. Lalit: (With a playful smile, she says in Sanskrit:) As long as I am present only Your yellow upper garment will touch Your breasts. No one will touch them. O charming, bewildered girl, do not fear. Note: If the word "pitambara" is interpreted to mean "Lord Ka, who wears yellow garments", then the verse reveals the following hidden meaning: "As long as I am present only Lord Ka, who wears yellow garments, will touch Your breasts. No one else will touch them. O charming, bewildered girl, do not fear". Text 19 (a) ka: (sanandam) kalyani kale labdhasi. (iti rdhm upasarpati).

sawith; anandambliss; kalyaniO beautiful girl; kalein the time; labdhaattained; asiYou are; itithus; rdhmRdh; upasarpatiapproaches. Ka: (Blissful) O beautiful girl, now I have You. (He approaches Rdh). Text 19 (b) lalit: (satopa parikramya ka varayanti) cha-illa na hu esa tumha parihasa-jogga amhana pi-a-sahi ta avehi. sawith; atopamarrogance; parikramyawalking; kamto Ka; varayantistopping; cha-illaO expert debauchee; nanot; hu indeed; esaShe; tumhaof You; parihasafor joking; joggathe proper object; amhanamof us; pi-athe dear; sahifriend; ta therefore; avehigo away. Lalit: (Indignantly approaches Ka and stop Him) O expert debauchee, our dear friend Rdh is not the proper object of Your jokes. Go away. Text 19 (c) ka: (sa-smitam) lalite neda gosthaganam. paya vndtavikuskir asau. tan neha va prabhavisnuta. sawith; smitama smile; laliteO Lalit; nanot; idamthis; gostha-aganamVraja Village; payalook!; vnd-ataviof Vndvana forest; kuskithe belly; asauthis is; tattherefore; na not; ihahere; vaof you; prabhavisnutais thre power. Ka: (Smiling) Lalit, this is not Vraja Village. Look! This is the belly of Vndvana forest. You have no power here. Text 19 (d) lalit: kanha assa-o ta-o kkhu muddhi-a-o ja-o tu-atto vi sutthu bhaenti. esamhi pasiddha lalida.

kanhaO Ka; assa-oamong us; ta-othey; kkhuindeed; muddhi-a-ofoolish; ja-owho are; tu-attoof You; viindeed; sutthu clearly; bha-entiare afraid; esashe; amhiI am; pasiddhathe famous; lalidaLalit. Lalit: Ka, those among us who are very foolish fear You. I do not fear You. I am the famous Lalit. Text 19 (e) (rdhik calapangena ka vilokya kampa natayati). rdhikRdhik; calarestless; apangenafrom the corner of Her eye; kamKa; vilokyaseeing; kampamtrembling; natayati represents dramatically. (Casting a sidelong glance at Ka, Rdhik trembles). Text 19 (f) lalit: rahe kisa sajjhasena kampasi ja esa ji-adi lalida. raheO Rdh; kisawhy?; sajjhasenawith fear; kampesiYou tremble; jambecause; esashe; ji-adilives; lalidaLalit. Lalit: Rdh, why do You tremble with fear while Lalit stays by You? Text 19 (g) rdhik: lalide gahi-da-i bandhuga-puppha-im. ta ehi. kalinditira gacchamha. lalideO Lalit; gahi-da-imtaken; bandhugabandhuka; pupphaimflowers; tathen; ehicome; kalindiof the Yamuna; tiramto the bank; gacchamhalet us go. Rdhik: Lalit, come. Let us take the bandhuka flowers we have collected and let us go to the bank of the Yamuna.

Text 19 (h) ka: kathire katha ahta-bandhujiva vidura gantum udyuktasi. (iti panthanam avrnvan). kathoreO hard-hearted girl; kathamwhy?; ahtataken; bandhujivawith bandhujiva flowers; viduramfar away; gantumto go; udyuktaengaged; asiYou are; itithus; panthanamthe path; avrnvanblocking. Ka: O hard-hearted girl, how can You take these bandhujiva flowers and go far away? (He blocks the path). Note: If the word "bandhujiva" is interpreted to mean "the life (jiva) of a friend (bandhu)", then the words reveal the following hidden meaning: "O hard-hearted girl, how can You take away the very life of Your friend Ka and then go far away?" Text 19 (i) parita srngena sphuta-tara-sila-syamala-ruca valad-vetra vamsa-vyatikara-lasan-mekhalam amum atikramyo ttuga dharani-dharam agre katham itas tvaya gantu sakya tarani-duhitus tira-sarani paritamendowed; srngenawith a lofty peak; sphuta-taraclearly manifested; silarocks; syamaladark; rucamsplendor; valat moving; vetramwith canes; vamsawith bamboo; vyatikarafilled; lasatglistening; mekhalambase; amumthis; lasatglistening; mekhalambase; amumthis; atikramyapassing through; uttugam lofty; dharani-dharammountain; agrebefore; itathen; tvaya by You; gantumto go; sakyaable; tarani-duhituof the Yamuna river, the daughter of the sun-god; tiraby the shore; saranithe path. How will You be able to cross the base of Govardhana Hill, filled with covered with splendid black pebles, and filled with bamboos and other canes moving in the wind? How will You be able to climb

Govardhana Hill's tall summit? (Don't take this path. Take) the path that goes by the Yamuna's shore. That path You can (easily) traverse. Note- If the word "srngena" is taken to mean "with a buffalo-horn bugle", "sila-syamala" to mean "sapphire", "vetram" to mean "stick", "vamsa" to mean "bamboo-flute", "mekhalam" to mean "belt", "uttugam" to mean "exalted", and "dharani-dharam" to mean "The Supreme Personality of Godhead", who maintains the entire world", then the verse reveals the following meaning"The exalted Supreme Personality of Godhead, who maintains the entire world, now stands before You. His bodily luster is the color of sapphire. He holds a staff and He carries a bamboo-flute tucked in His glistening belt. How will You be able to pass through His roadblock? (Instead You should take) the path that goes by the Yamuna's shore. That path You will be able to traverse". Text 20 (a) rdhik: (vakra vilokya hu kurvati). na-ara mama doso natthi. dani esa go-ulasari anusarissam. vakramin a crooked manner; vilokyalooking; hummenacing words; kurvatidoes; na-araO debauchee; mamaMy; dosofault; nanot; atthiis; danimnow; esashe; go-ulesarimto the queen of Gokula; anusarissamI shall go. Rdhik: (Casting a crooked glance, she says in a menacing tone:) Debauchee, I am not at fault for this. Now I shall go to complaint to Yasoda. the queen of Gokula. Text 20 (b) ka: rdhe ki vibhisikaya. kama gamyatam. tad-bhuja-mulastha pita-dukulam eva mamanukulam. (iti rdh didhirsati). rdheO Rdh; kimwhat is the need; vibhisikayaof this fear; kamamvoluntarily; gamyatamshould be gone; tatthis; bhujaof the arms; mulaat the roots; sthamsituated; pitayellow; dukulam cloth; evacertainly; mamaMy; anukulambeautiful; itithus; rdhmRdh; dhidhirsatitries to attack.

Ka: Rdh, why are You afraid. Give up this fear. Ah! the beautiful yellow cloth covering Your shoulders is actually My property. (He attacks Rdh). Text 20 (c) rdhik: (bhru-kutim abadhya. sansktena). sadhvina dhuri dharya lalit-sangena garvita casmi hitam alapami madhave pathi madya bhujagata racaya bhruof the eyebrows; kutimknitting; abadhyabinding; sansktenain Sanskrit; sadhvinamof chaste girls; dhuriat the summit; dharyaconsidered; lalitof Lalit; sangenaby the association; garvitaconfident; caalso; asmiI am; hitamgood advise; alapamiI speak; madhavaO Ka; pathion the path; ma don't; adyanow; bhujagatamthe condition of a snake or a debauchee; racayado. Rdhik: (Knitting Her eyebrows, She says in Sanskrit:) I am the most chaste of all chaste girls. Now that I am in the company of Lalit, I feel very confident. I give You this good advise: O Madhava, do not become a snake in My path. Note: If the word "ma" is interpreted to mean "to Me", and the word "bhujagatam" to mean "the condition (tam) of placing "ga" Your arm "bhujam", then the verse reveals the following hidden meaning: I am the most chaste of all chaste girls. Now that I am in the company of Lalit, I feel very confident. I give You this good advise: O Madhava, please embrace Me in Your arms". Text 22 (a) ka: lalite ki asravi vag-bhangir asyah. tad aha napardhyami. (iti bhuja-dandav uddandayati). laliteO Lalit; kimwhat?; asraviheard; vakof words; bhangi the crookedness; asyaof Her; tatthen; ahamI; nanot;

apardhyamshall become an offender; itithus; bhuja-dandauboth arms; uddanyatiraises. Ka: Lalit, did I hear Rdh speak those crooked words? I shall not become an offender by disobeying Her request. (He raises both arms). Text 21 (b) lalit: (rdh prsthata ktv) kanha savva-lo-a-sahalanijjagunovi tuma go-ulindassa nandanosi. ta neda de dullilatana amhesu joggam. rdhmRdh; prathatafrom behind; ktvdoing; kanhaO Ka; savvaall; lo-aby the world; sahalanijjaworthy to be glorified; tumamYou; go-ulindassaof the king of Gokula; nandanosi You are the son; tathen; nanot; idamthis; deof You; dullalitnamwicked thing; amhesuamong us; joggamis proper. Lalit: (Stands in front of Rdh) Ka, even though Your transcendental qualtities are worthy to be glorified by the entire world, and even though You are the son of the king of Gokula, You should not do this wicked thing to me. Text 21 (c) madhumagala: a-i gavvide ki ti vunda-ana viddhamsi-a tumhehi amha pi-a-va-assa puppha-i harissanti. a-iO; gavvidearrongant girl; kimwhy; tiindeed; vunda-anam Vndvana forest; viddhamsi-adestroying; tumhehimby you; amhamy; pi-adear; va-assaof the friend; puppha-imflowers; harissantiare stolen. Madhumagala: O arrogant girl, why do you steal these flowers that are the property of my dear friend? You are ruining this forest of Vndvana. Text 21 (d)

ka: sakhe turna ganayasa puspani yatha tutsankhyaya kahato hara-manin aharami. sakheO friend; turnamquickly; ganayaplease count; asamof them; puspanithe flowers; yathaas; tuindeed; utsankyayaby the enumeration; kahalafrom the necks; haraof the necklaces; maninthe jewels; aharamiI shall take. Ka: Friend, quickly count the flowers they have taken so I can take from their necklaces an equal number of jewels. Text 21 (e) madhumagala: pi-a-va-assa ki-a gananam. ta rattana pupphana parivatthena pa-uma-raga-i genha. pandarana una hiramautti-a-im. pi-adear; va-assaO friend; ki-amcompleted; gananamthe counting; tatherefore; rattanamof jewels; pupphanamand of flowers; parivatthenaby exchange; pa-uma-imrubies; genhaYou may take; pandaranamof white flowers; unaagain; hiradiamonds; mautti-a-imand pearls. Madhumagala: Dear friend, I have finished counting. Now, in exchange for the red flowers You may take rubies, and for the white flowers pearls and diamonds. Text 21 (f) ka: sakhe paryalocayam. namuni puspa-mulya-tulyani. tata katibhir eva paryapti. sakheO friend; paryalocayamlet Me consider; nanot; amuni these; puspaof the flowers; mulyafor the value; tulyaniequal; tatatherefore; katibhiby how many?; evacertainly; paryapti is sufficiency. Ka: Friend, I am thinking. These jewels are not as valuable as the flowers. How many jewels should I take for each flower? Text 21 (g)

madhumagala: (sa-kaku-prapancam) va-assa eso anugga-ido bamhano abbhatthedi. ta imehi jjevva santuttho hohi. sawith; kakuof plaintive words; prapancammanifestation; vaassaO friend; esothis; anugga-idothankful; bamhanobrahmana; abbhatthedibegs; tatherefore; imehimwith these; jjevva certainly; santutthosatisfied; hohiplease become. Madhumagala: (With plaintive words) Friend, this humble brahmana begs: Please be satisfied with an equal number of jewels. Text 21 (h) ka: yatha braviti vyasya. yathaas; bravitispeaks; vaysayathe friend. Ka: As My friend says (I shall do). Text 21 (i) lalit: (vihasya) ajja samino joggo jjevva amaccosi. vihasyalaughing; ajjaO noble sir; saminoof the master; joggo proper; jjevvacertainly; amaccosiyou are a councellor. Lalit: (Laughing) Noble sir, you are a counselor who gives good advise to your master. Text 21 (j) vikh: (alika-sambhramam) kanha dure citthehi. alika-sambhramamagitated; kanhaKa; durefar away; citthehistand. Vikh: (Agitated) Ka, stand back!

Text 21 (k) ka: kutile kim iti. kutileO crooked girl; kimwhy?; itithus. Ka: Crooked girl, why? Text 21 (l) vikh: pekkha. samrambhena sagara gamida canda-hasa ullasedi amha pi-a-sahi raha. pekkhalook!; samrambhenawith anger; sagarama battle; gamidawill attain; candamoon; hasamsmile; ullasediis causing to shine; amhaof us; pi-athe dear; sahifriend; rahaRdh. Vikh: Look! With a moonlike smile, our dear friend Rdh is preparing to violently fight with You. Note: If the word "samrambhena" is interpreted to mean "with amorous passion", these words reveal the following hidden meaning: "Look! With a moonlike smile, our dear friend Rdh is preparing for a passionate amorous battle with You". Text 21 (m) ka: (smitv) mugdhe paya. aha ca prapancita-gadharomanca-kancuko 'smi. tad ayatna rama-ratna harisyami. (iti rdhm upasarpati). smitvsmiling; mugdheO charming girl; payalook; ahamI; caalso; prapancitamanifested; gadhagreatly; romancahair standing erect; kancukawearing the garment; asmiI am; tat therefore; ayatnamwithout effort; ramaof a beautiful girl; ratnam the jewel; harisyamiI shall take; itithus; rdhmRdh; upasarpatiapproaches.

Ka: (Smiling) O charming girl, look! My body is also decorated with hairs standing erect with amorous passion. I now I shall easily take this jewel of all beautiful girls. (He approaches Rdh). Text 21 (n) lalit: (samrambham abhiniya) kanha pekkhami de sahasam. rahiaccha-a pi tuma phamsehi. samrambhamangry; abhiniyarepresenting dramatically; kanha O Ka; pekkhamiI see; deYour; sahasamrash action; rahiof Rdh; accha-amthe shadow; pieven; tumamYou; phamsehi may try to touch. Lalit: (Furious) Ka, I see the reckless act You are about to perform. Just try to once touch Rdh's shadow! Text 21 (o) ka: sakhe nuna lalit-rupena maha-bhairaviya pradurbhuta. sakheO friend; nunamis it not so?; lalitof Lalit; rupenain the form; maha-bhairavithe goddess Durga; iyamshe; pradurbhuta has appeared. Ka: Friend, has the goddess Durga now appeared in the form of this Lalit? Text 21 (p) rdhik: hala kallani hohi. (iti lalit sakutam alingati). halaO; kallanipeaceful; hohiplease become; itithus; lalitmsawith; akutamemotion; alingatiembraces. Rdhik: Become calm! (She affectionately embraces Lalit). Text 21 (q)

ka: (janantikam) lalite vimunca kathinyam. jana-antikamaside; laliteO Lalit; vimuncagive up; kathinyam Your hardness. Ka: (Aside to Lalit) Lalit, give up your harsh opposition. Text 21 (r) lalit: ukko-a me dehi. ukko-ama bribed; meto me; dehigive. Lalit: Give me a bribe. Text 21 (s) ka: (smitv) lalite satya te bravimi rdhm api vipralambhya sayam anaga-sagare tvam eva pratirirayisye. smitvsmiling; laliteO Lalit; satyamthe truth; teto you; bravimiI speak; rdhmRdh; apieven; vipralambhya abandoning; sayamat night; anagaof amorous pastimes; sagare in the duel; tvamyou; evacertainly; pratirirayisyeI shall fight. Ka: (Smiling) Lalit, to you I speak the truth. I shall abandon Rdh, and tonight I shall fight a duel of amorous pastimes with you. Text 21 (t) lalit: (sa-rosa paravrtya) avehi vidusaka avehi. sawith; rosamanger; paravrtyaturning; avehigo!; vidusaka clown; avehigo! Lalit: (Angrily turning to Him) Go away, clown! Go! Text 21 (u)

ka: kathayotkoca yatra te tustih. kathayaplease tell; utkocamthe bribe; yatrawhere; teof you; tustithe satisfaction. Ka: You tell Me what bribe will please you. Text 21 (v) lalit: na-ara puppha-maggana-rangena vundavana bhammatti dumedi me sahi. ta divva-pupphehi na alakadu-a suhavehi. na-araO debauchee; pupphafor flowers; magganasearching; rangenawith the pastimes; vundavanamin Vndvana forest; bhammattiwandering; dumediis blasphemed; memy; sahi friend; tatherefore; divvasplendid; puphehimwith flowers; nam Her; alakadu-adecorating; suhavehiYou should please. Lalit: O debauchee, You have blasphemed my friend simply because She enjoyed wandering in Vndvana forest looking for flowers. You shoul satisfy Her by decorating Her with these splendid flowers. Text 21 (w) ka: (smitv) yathabhirocate tubhyam. (iti parikramya darparabhati natayan). lalite badha vikrusyatam. na tva trnaya manye. (iti rdhik-hara akrastu kara prasarayati). smitvsmiling; yathaas; abhirocateit pleases; tubhyamyou; itithus; parikramyawalking; darpawith pride; arabhathim boldness; natayanrepresenting dramatically; laliteO Lalit; badham certainly; vikrusyatamlet there be anger; nanot; tvamyou; trnayaa blade of grass; manyeI consider; itithus; rdhikof Rdhik; haramthe necklace; akrastumto pull; karama hand; prasarayatiextends. Ka: (Smiling) Whatever pleases you. (He walks with proud boldness) Lalit, be angry with Me. I do not consider you as important as a blade of grass. (He extends His hand to take Rdhik's necklace).

Text 21 (x) lalit: (vama vilokya. sa-smitam) cha-illa sura-de-a-pu-a kide kida sinana pi-a-sahi akida-sinano kkhu tuma ma phamsehi. vamamcrookedly; vilokyaglancing; sawith; smitama smile; cha-illaO clever Ka; sura-de-aof the sun-god; pu-a-kidefor the worship; kidasinanam ; kidaperformed; sinanambathing; pi-a dear; sahimfriend; akidanot performed; sinanobathing; kkhu indeed; tumamYou; madon't; phamsehitouch. Lalit: (With a crooked glance and a smile) O clever Ka, my dear friend has bathed so She can worship the sun-god. You have not bathed, and therefore You must not touch Her. Text 21 (y) ka: ayi madandhe samantad ullasini prakhedambu-pure mayi katha kta-mahabhiseka na payasi. ayiO; madaby folly; andheO girl who is blinded; samantat completely; ullasinisplendid; prakheda-ambuof perspiration; pure in the flood; mayiin Me; kathamwhy?; ktaperformed; maha great; abhisekambath; nanot; payasiyou see. Ka: I have already bathed in the splendid waters of My own perspiration. O foolish girl, why do you not see it? Text 21 (z) lalit: (rdhm antarayanti sa-mantharyam) hala uddanda-kalatamala-gholena vana-khandena imassa pa-andada dusaha kida. ta amhe hara rakkhidu kkhana somma homha. rdhmRdh; antarayantitaking aside; sawith; mantharyam slowness; halaO; uddandaterrible; kaladark; tamalathe tamala tree; ghorenaterrible; vanathe forest; khandenaby this part?; imassaof Him; pa-andadaanger; dusahaunbearable; kida is done; tatherefore; amheof us; haramthe necklace; rakkhidum

to protect; kkhanamfor a moment; sommagentle; homhalet us become. Lalit: (Taking Rdh aside, she slowly says:) This gloomy forest filled with terrible dark tamala trees has made Ka very angry. In order to protect our necklaces, we should be very kind and polite to Him. Text 21 (aa) madhumagala: hihi nijjida-o gavvida-giovi-a-o. (iti nrtyati). hihiaha!; nijjida-odefeated; gavvidaarrogant; govi-a-othe gopis; itithus; nrtyatihe dances. Madhumagala: Aha! Aha! The proud gopis are now defeated! (He dances). Text 21 (bb) rdhik: a-i muddhe lalide bha-avantassa uvasana tu-e ajja ki visumaridam. a-iO; muddhebewildered girl; lalideO Lalit; bha-avantassa of the sun-god; uvasanamthe worship; tu-eby you; ajjanow; kim whether?; visumaridamis forgotten. Rdhik: O bewildered Lalit, have you forgotten that now is the time to worship the sun-god? Note: If the word "bha-avantassa" is interpreted to mean Lord Ka, the words reveal the following hidden meaning: "O bewildered Lalit, have you forgotten that now is the time to worship Lord Ka?" Text 21 (cc) madhumagala: ehi rahi-e ke-ala tumhe jjevva uvasana kurdh tti ma gavva-evva ja amhepi uvasana karemha.

de-iO goddess; rahi-eRdhik; ke-alamonly; tumheyou; jjevvacertainly; uvasanamworship; kurdhdo; ttithus; mado not; gavva-evvabecome proud; jambecause; amhepieven we; uvasanamworship; karemhado. Madhumagala: O goddess Rdh, do not become proud, thinking that you alone are engaged in the worship of the sun-god, for even Ka and I are also engaged in that worship. Text 21 (dd) vikh: ajja kidisa tam. ajjaO noble sir; kidisamlike what?; tamthat. Vikh: O noble sir, how do you worship? Text 21 (ee) madhumagala: bhodi visahe sunahi. gandha-puppha-purassara ni-unja-vedi-a-majjhe ujja-arana-bhu-ittha tad ekagga-cittada-e kakanana saddovasanam. bhodiyou; visaheO Vikh; sunahiplease listen; gandhapuppha-purassaramwith fragent flowers; ni-unjain the forest-grove; vedi-aof altar; majjhein the middle; ujja-arana-bhu-itthamstaying awake; tatthen; ekagga-vicittada-ewith single-pointed concentration; kakananamof ankle-bells; saddaof the sound; uvasanamthe worship. Madhumagala: O noble Vikh, please listen. In a forest temple decorated with flowers I keep a midnight vigil as I meditate on the sound of ankle-bells. Text 21 (ff) (sarva smayante). sarvaeveryone; smayantesmiles.

(Everyone smiles). Text 21 (gg) madhumagala: (sa-slagham. sansktena). adambarojjvala-gatir vara-kunja-baddha svairi parisphurita-puskara-caru-hasta dhanyasi sundari yaya mrdula hasantya vandi-ktas tarala-ballava-kunjaro 'yam sawith; slaghampraise; sansktenain Sanskrit; adambaraof pride; ujjvalawith the splendor; gatiwhose gait; varaexcellent; kunjain the grove; baddhabound; svairiindependent; parisphuritablossomed; puskaralotus flower; carubeautiful; hastawhose hand; dhanyafortunate; asiYou are; sundariO beautiful girl; yayaby which; mrdulamgentle; hasantyasmiling; vandi-krtahbound; taralarestless; ballavagopa; kunjarah elephant; ayamthis. Madhumagala: (With praise, in Sanskrit) Holding a beautiful, blossomed lotus flower in His hand, the restless elephant of Sri Ka has entered this lovely forest grove with graceful and bold stpes. O beautiful girl, You are very fortunate. Simply with a gentle smile You have captured that elephant and bound it up. Note: The word "ujjvala" may also be interpreted to mean "conjugal love". In this way the first sentence of this verse may be interpreted: "Holding a beautiful, blossomed lotus flower in His hand, the bold, amorous, restless elephant of Sri Ka has entered this lovely forest grove". The word "vandi-ktah" may also be interpreted to mean "glorified". If this meaning is accepted, then the last sentence becomes: "With Your gentle smile You sing the praises of that elephant". Text 22

ka: priye rucira sahacarina vithibhi sevyamana mada-mrdula-marali-ramya-lila-gati-r sasimukhi gata-nidra kurvati mam idani sarad iva bhavatiya loka-laksmin tanoti priyeO beloved; rucirabeautiful; sahacarinamof friends; vithibhiby a host; sevyamanaserved; madahappy; mrdula delicate; maraliof swans; ramyabeautiful; lilapastimes; gati gestures; rbeauty; sasi-mukhiO moon-faced girl; gatagone; nidramsleep; kurvatidoing; mamMe; idanimnow; sarat autumn; ivalike; bhavatiYou; iyamthis; lokaof the eyes; laksmin beauty; tanotigives. Ka: Beloved served by a host of beautiful gopi-friends, and Your gestures as graceful as the delicate, happy swans, You fill My eyes with the sight of Your beauty just as the autumn season fills them. O moonfaced girl, You have robbed Me of My sleep. Note: If the word "sahacari" is interpreted to mean "sahacari flowers", the first part of the verse may be interpreted "Beloved, decorated with many beautiful sahacari flowers". If the word "loka" is interpreted to mean "world", the last part of the verse may be interpreted: "You fill the world with beauty, just as the autumn season also fills it". Text 23 (a) tad arvacinena hari-lavanya-srngarena bhavatim alankurvana saradi ryam avadnhyayami. tattherefore; arvacinenanew; hari-lavanyabeautiful; srngarena with decorations; bhavatimYou; alankurvanadecorating; saradimof autumn; ryamthe beauty; avandhyayamiI shall make fruitful. By decorating You with these newly blossomed flowers, I shall make the beauty of this autumn season fruitful. Text 23 (b)

madhumagala: (sansktena) balanuja kalapinam avakalayya kala-jnata mana kila baliyasi mama bibharti vismeratam yad adya sarad-agame tava vilokya lilotkata kiranti ruci-mandali-jusam ami sikhandavalim sansktenain Sanskrit; balaof Balarama; anujaO younger brother; kalapinamof peacocks; avakalayyaseeing; kalathe proper time; jnatamundertanding; manathe heart; kilaindeed; baliyasimstrong; mamamy; bibhartiholds; vismeratamwonder; yatbecause; adyanow; saratof autumn; agameon the arrival; tavaof You; vilokyaseeing; lilatranscendental pastimes; utkatam eagerness; kirantiscatters; ruciof splendor; mandalithe circle; jusampossessing; amithey; sikhandaof peacock feathers; avalim a host. Madhumandala: (In Sanskrit) Now that the autumn has begun, the peacocks, seeing Your eagerness to enjoy transcendental pastimes, respond by dropping many splendid peacock feathers for Your use. O Ka, my heart becomes struck with wonder when I see how these peacocks understand when it is the proper time for them to act. Text 24 (a) ka: sakhe sadhu lakita tan-mauli-kalpanaya candrakan aharami. (iti batuna saha tatha karoti). sakheO friend; sadhunicely; lakitamobserved; tatthis; mauliof crowns; kalpanayafor making; candrakanpeacock feathers; aharamiI shall gather; itithus; batunathe brahmacari; sawith; tathain that way; karotiacts. Ka: Friend, you have seen the truth. I shall go to collect peacock feathers for My crown. (Ka and the brahmacari Madhumagala do that). Text 24 (b)

rdhik: sahi lalide jattha dinna-bhara aha niccidamhi sa tuma ja-i sommasi tado java kanho dure gado tava kankelli-kudaga pavesissam. (iti tatha isthita). sahiO friend; lalideLalit; jatthawhere; dinnaput down; bharaburden; ahamI; niccidamhiam free from anxiety; sashe; tumamyou; ja-iif; sommasiare kind-hearted; tadothen; javat as long as; kanhoKa; durefar away; gadohas gone; tava then; kankelliof asoka trees; kudagamthe grove; pavesissamI shall enter; itithus; tathain that way; sthitasituated. Rdhik: Friend, that burden is now gone, and now I feel free from all My worries. If you are actually kind to Me, then keep Ka far away, while I enter the grove of asoka trees. (She does that). Text 24 (c) ka: sakhe nirmita pracalaka-salakabhi kirita khanjaritanetraya simanta-simani vinyasa-suabhagyam alambatam. (iti parikramya). lalite kva sa te priya-sakhi. sakheO friend; nirmitamfashioned; pracalaka-salakabhiwith peacock feathers; kiritama crown; khanjarita-netrayaof Rdh whose eyes are like khanjana birds; simanta-simanion the parted hair; vinyasaof placing; saubhagyamthe beauty; alambatammay be placed; itithus; parikramyawalking; laliteO Lalit; kva where?; saShe; teyour; priyadear; sakhifriend. Ka: Friend, now this crown of peacock feathers may beautify the parted hair of Rdh, whose restless eyes are like two graceful khanjana birds. (He walks). Lalit, where is your dear friend? Text 24 (d) lalit: attano ghara gada. attanoown; gharamto the home; gatagone. Lalit: She has gone home. Text 24 (e)

ka: nisthure tistha. turnam asau te dhurtata-garvam apaharami. (iti samantat payan sa-harsam). vayasya paya. sahaseyam avapta gaurangi priya. (ity upasarpati). nisthureO cruel woman; tisthastay; turnamat once; asau this; teof you; dhurtataof rascaldom; garvamthe pride; apaharamiI shall remove; itithus; samantatin all directions; payanlooking; sawith; sahasaat once; iyamShe; avapta attained; gaura-angithe fair-complexioned girl; priyaMy beloved; iti thus; upasarpatiapproaches. Ka: Cruel woman, stop! I shall at once remove all the pride of Your rascaldom. (He looks in all directions, and says in with happiness:) Friend, look! All at once I have again attained My faircomplexioned beloved. (He approaches). Text 24 (f) madhumagala: (vihasya) bho va-assa cakkavadena tinavattena bhamidassa de ajjavi nuna bhamo na gado. pekkha esa pida-para-apunja-pinjarida thala-nalini. bhoO; va-assafriend; cakkavadenaby the whirlwind; tinavattenaTrnavarta; bhamidassawhirled about; deof You; ajjavi even now; nunamis it not so?; bhamobewilderment; nanot; gadoattained; pekkhalook!; esathis; pidayellow; para-aof pollen; punjaby an abundance; pinjaridamade yellow; thala-nalini the land-growing lotus flower. Madhumagala: (Laughs) O friend, are You not still dizzy form the time when the Trnavarta whirlwind spun You around? Look! This is a land-growing lotus flower covered with yellow pollen. Text 24 (g) ka: (nirupya) sakhe satya bravisi. (ity anyato gatv). bho sakhe paya kukumangi nistankitam idanim eva labdha. (iti didhirsuh prdhvati).

nirupyalooking; sakheO friend; satyamthe truth; bravisiyou speak; itithus; anyatato another place; gatvhaving gone; bho O; sakhefriend; payalook!; kukumadecorated with kukuma; angithe girl whose limbs; nistankitamwithout doubt; idanimnow; evacertainly; labdhais attained; itithus; didhirsudesiring to hold; prdhvatiruns. Ka: (Lookign) Friend, you speak the truth. (He goes to another place). O friend, look! Without doubt I have now attained Rdh, whose limbs are anointed with kukuma. (Desiring to embrace Her, He runs). Text 24 (h) madhumagala: (sa-hasta-talam uccair vihasya) bho va-assa ettha tujjha avaraho natthi. kintu pema-lahari-e jjevva. ja-e savva vundata-i rahi-a nimmide. sawith; hasta-talamclapping the hands; uccailoudly; vihasya laughing; bhoO; va-assafriend; etthain this; tujjhaof You; avarahooffense; nanot; atthiis; kintuhowever; pemaof love; lahari-eby the waves; jjevvacertainly; ja-eby which; savvaall; vundata-iof Vndvana forest; rahi-aof Rdhik; nimmidais constructed. Madhumagala: (Loudly clapping his hands and laughing) O friend, this is not Your fault. Drowning in the waves of love, You now think that this entire Vndvana forest is actually Rdhik. Text 24 (i) ka: (sa-vailakyam. vilokya). katham utphulleya sahacari. (parsvato vilokya). lalitngi lalite ito vamya-parvatad avarohanti kantaram itasya dadasva me hastavalambam. sawith; vailakyamwonder; vilokyalooking; kathamwhy; utphullaneglected; iyamshe; sahacarithe gopi friend; parsvata to the side; vilokyalooking; lalitbeautiful; angiwhose limbs; lalite O Lalit; itafrom that; vamyaof contrariness; parvatatfrom the mountain; avarohantidescending; kantaramto the forest; itasya come; dadasvaplease give; hastaof the hand; avalambham extension.

Ka; (Struck with wonder, He looks about). Where is our gopifriend? (Looking to the side) O beautiful Lalit, please come down from the great mountain of your contrariness and extend your hand to help Me in this dense forest. Text 24 (j) lalit: (smitv) sundara visaha pucchehi. esa kkhu na janadi. (iti samjna natayati). smitvsmiling; sundaraO handsome boy; visahamVikh; pucchehiYou should ask; esashe; kkhuindeed; namHer; janadi knows; itithus; samjnama signal; natayatirepresents dramatically. Lalit: (Smiling) O handsome boy, You should ask Vikh. She knows where Rdh has gone. (Lalit sends a signal to Vikh). Text 24 (k) ka: (sa-harsam apavarya) sakhe paya vikhya paroka kincit tiro 'valambanti lalit bhru-samjnaya kadamba-kunja sucayati. tad atra nasti manag api sandigdhata. (iti parikramya sa-darpasmitam). priye vilokitasi. nirgamyatam. (ity udgrivika ktv sahasam). lalite sadhu sadhu. jata tava dhurtata-latikaya saphalyam idam. sawith; harsamhappiness; apavaryaaside; sakheO friend; payalook!; vikhyaVikh; parokamsecret; kincit something; tirasecretly; avalambantiresting; lalitLalit; bhru of the eyebrows; samjnayawith a signal; kadambaof kadamba trees; kunjama grove; sucayatiindicates; tatthere; atrain this; nanot; astithere is; manakslightly; apieven; sandigdhata doubt; itithus; parikramyawalking; sawith; darpaof pride; smitama smile; priyeO beloved; vilokitaseen; asiYou are; nirgamyatamcome out; itithus; udgrivikamraised neck; ktv doing; sawith; hasama laugh; laliteO Lalit; sadhuwell done!; sadhuwell done!; jatammanifested; tavaof you; dhurtataof the rascaldom; latikaya of the creeper; saphalyamfruitfulness; idam this.

Ka: (Happy, aside to Madhumagala). Friend, look! To Vikh Lalit signals with her eyebrows. She points to the grove of kadamba trees. There is not the slightest doubt she is doing that. (With a proud smile He walks there). O beloved, I see You. Come out! (He waits with raised neck and then laughs out loud). Lalit! Well done! Well done! The vine of your rascaldom has now borne its fruit. Text 24 (l) madhumagala: va-assa esa mae jjevva laddha tuha rdh. va-assaO friend; esaShe; ma-eby me; jjevvacertainly; laddhaobtained; tuhaYour; rdhRdh. Madhumagala: Friend, I have Your Rdh. Text 24 (m) ka: (sa-kautukam) vayasya laliteva kaccid avisrambhaniyabhanitir nasti. sawith; kautukamjoy; vayasyaO friend; lalitLalit; ivalike; kaccitsomething; avisrambhaniyauntrustworthy; bhaniti statement; nanot; astiis. Ka: (Joyful) Friend, you are not like Lalit. I can trust that you speak the truth. Text 24 (n) madhumagala: ga-atti-e savami. ga-atti-eon the Gayatri mantra; savamiI swear. Madhumagala: I swear on the Gayatri mantra that I speak the truth. Text 24 (o)

ka: (sa-visrambham) sakhe kva sa darsaya sighram. sawith; visrambhamtrust; sakheO friend; kvawhere?; sais She; darsayashow Her. Ka: (With trust) Friend, where is She? Show Her to Me. Text 24 (p) madhumagala: tumha hattha-gada jjevva na karemi. ta dehi me paritosi-am. tumhaof You; hatthainto the hand; gadamgone; jjevva certainly; namHer; karemiI shall do; tatherefore; dehiplease give; meto me; paritosi-ama reward. Madhumagala: I shall place Her in Your hand, but first You must give me a reward. Text 24 (q) (ka sa-slagha malati-malaya mandayati). kaKa; sawith; slaghampraise; malatiof malati flowers; malayawith the garland; mandayatidecorates. (Ka respectfully decorates him with the garland of malati flowers). Text 24 (r) madhumagala: gheppijja-u esa. (iti rdh iti vara-dvayi-bhaja patra-lekham arpayati). gheppi-ha-umay be taken; esaShe; itithus; rdhRdh; iti thus; varasyllables; dvayitwo; bhajampossessing; patraon a leaf; lekhamwriting; arpayatigives.

Madhumagala: Now You may take Her. (He gives Ka a leaf on which the word "Rdh" is written). Text 24 (s) ka: (smitv) sakhe satyam anenapi bhavad-arpitena tarpito 'smi. yata. smitvsmiling; sakheO friend; satyamin truth; anenaby this; apieven; bhavatby you; arpitenagiven; tarpitapleased; asmiI am; yatabecause. Ka: (Smiles) Friend, I am pleased by your gift. Text 24 (t) kramat kakam aksno parisara-bhuva va sravanayor manag adhyarudha pranayi-jananam akara-padam kam apy antas tosa vitarad avalambad anupada nisargad visvesa hrdaya-padavim utsukayati kramatin due course; kakamthe middle; aksnoof the eyes; parisara-bhuvamthe vicinity; vaor; sravanayoof the ears; manak slightly; adhayrudhamentered; pranayi-jananamof lovers; akara-padamthe syllable; kam apisomething; antain the heart; tosamsatisfaction; vitaratgranting; avalamvatfrom resting; anupadamat every moment; nisargatnaturally; visvesamof everyone; hrdayaof the heart; padavimthe pathway; utsukayati fills with love. When the syllables of the beloved's name even momentarily enter the eyes or ears of the lover, at every moment they bring great satisfaction to the lover's heart. What to speak of the lover's heart, they fill these syllables fill the hearts of the entire world with transcendental love. Text 25 (a) (iti paravrtya dakinato vikasantam asokam avalokya savismayam).

itithus; paravrtyaturning; dakinatafrom the right; vikasantamblossoming; asokaman asoka tree; avalokyaseeing; sawith; vismayamwonder. He turns and becomes struck with wonder as He notices a blossoming asoka tree on the right). Text 25 (b) sanke sankulitantar adya nibida-kridanu bandhecchaya kunje vanjula-sakhina sasimukhi lina varivarti sa no ced esa tad-anghri-sagama-vinabhavad akale katha puspamoda-ninamtritali-patali-stotrasya patri-bhavet athanow; kunjain the grove; adibeginning with; linatahiding; yathajust as; vidagdha-madhavein Vidagdha-madhava; sankeI think; sankulitabewildered; antawithin; adyanow; nibida intense; kridapastimes; anubandhain relation; icchayawith the desire; kunjein the grove; vanjulaof asoka; sakhinatrees; sasimukhimoon-faced Rdhrani; linahas disappeared; varivarti chooses; saShe; nanot; uindeed; cetif; esathis; tatof Her; anghriof the feet; sagamathe touch; vinawithout; abhavat became; akaleat the improper time; kathamhow?; puspaof the flowers; amodathe fragrance; ninamtritaproclaimed; aliof bumble-bees; pataliof the multitude; stotrasyaof the prayers; patri the proper object; bhavetmay become. "I think moon-faced Rdhrani may have entered this grove of asoka trees with a desire to enjoy transcendental pastimes here. If this were not so, then how, when it is not the proper season, could the bumble-bees proclaim the glories of the fragrant (blossoming) asoka flowers, if Rdhrani had not touched them with Her feet?" Note: It is said that if a young girl touches an asoka tree with her foot, the tree will immediately blossom. in this verse Lord Ka thinks that because the asoka tree are blooming at the wrong time of the year because Srimati Rdhrani must have stepped on them as She walks through the forest. Text 26 (a)

(iti parikramyan udgrivikaya rdh dv sanandam). priye kathyatam idani ka va varta. itithus; parikramyanwalking; udgrivikayawith raised neck; rdhmRdh; dvseeing; sawith; anandambliss; priyeO beloved; kathyatamlet it be said; idanimnow; kawhat?; vaor; vartais the news. (He walks. Lifting His neck, He sees Rdh. He becomes blissful). Beloved, please tell Me: What has happened? Text 26 (b) rdhik: (sa-pranayersyam) tu-atto bha-ena jevva pala-edamhi. ettha vi ma vidambedu laddhosi. sawith; pranayaof love; irsyamthe anger; tu-attoof You; bhaenawith fear; jevvacertainly; pala-edamhiI fled; etthahere; vi even; mamMe; vidambedumto mock; laddosiYou have come. Rdhik: (With the anger of love) I fled out of fear of You. Even here You have come to mock Me. Text 26 (c) ka: (satma-slagham) da me patavarabhati, yatas tirodhana-vidyapaharena nirjita yuyam. sawith; atmaof the self; slaghampraise; daseen; me My; patava-arabhatiexpertness; yatabecause; tirodhanaof disappearance; vidyathe science; apaharenaby removing; nirjita defeated; yuyamYou are. Ka: (Praising Himself) See how expert I am. By preventing You from hiding from Me I have defeated You. Text 26 (d) lalit: (sansktena) hanto bho van matra-jita-kasin

asminn eka-sarojasambhava-kta-stotro 'si vndvane rdh bhuri-hiranyagarbha-racita-pratyaga-kanti-stava hastodasta-mahidharas tvam asakrn netranta-bhangi-cchatakrstoccair dharanidhara mama sakhi tad vira mahanktha sanktenain Sanskrit; hantaindeed; bhoO; vakby words; matraonly; jita-kasindefeated; asminin this; ekaby one; sarojasambhavaBrahma; ktaoffered; stotraprayers; asiYou are; vndvanein Vndvana; rdhRdh; bhuriby many; hiranyagarbhaBrahmas; racitafashioned; pration each; aga limb; kantiof the beauty; stavaprayers; hastaby the hand; udasta lifted; mahidharaGovardhana Hill; tvamYou; asaktat once; netraof the eyes; antafrom the corners; bhangiof crooked glances; chataeffulgence; aktaattracted; uccaigreatly; dharanidharathe great mountain of Ka; mamamy; sakhi friend; tattherefore; viraO hero; nado not; ahankthabecome proud. Lalit: (In Sanskrit) O expert boaster, in this Vndvana forest only one Brahma offers prayers to You, although many Brahmas offer prayers glorifying the beauty of each of Rdh's transcendental limbs. You may lift Govardhana Hill with a single hand, but my friend Rdh pulls the great mountain of Sri Ka with a single sidelong glance. O hero Ka, do not be so proud. Text 27 (a) ka: lalite niline mayi vilokite natathyam tava vikatthana bhavatina vidakaravani. laliteO Lalit; nilinedisappeared; mayiwhen I have; vilokite seen; nanot; atathyamfalse; tavayour; vikatthanamboasting; bhavatimof you; vidakaravaniI shall do. Ka: O Lalit, I shall disappear. In this way I shall remove your false boasting. Text 27 (b) sarva: evva hodu. evvamin that way; hoduact.

Everyone: Do it! Text 27 (c) ka: iyam uttaras cancarika-sancaya-rocir ullasi-symala-palasaguluchha duratas tapiccha-viccholi. tad esa savarataya sakhi-bhavam apanna mam atra sangopayisyati. (iti sa-vayasyo nikrntah). iyamthis; uttarain the north; cancarikaof black bees; sancayaof a swarm; rocithe splendor; ullasisplendid; syamala black; palasaof wood; gulucchaan abundance; duratafar away; tapiccha-viccholia grove of kadamba trees; tattherefore; esathis; savaratayaby being the same color; sakhiof being a friend; bhavamthe nature; apannahaving attained; mamMe; atrahere; sangopayisyatiwill conceal; itithus; sawith; vayasyaHis friend; nikrntaexits. Ka: Far to the north is a grove of tamala trees as dark as a swarm of black bees. Because those trees and I are the same color We are close friends. Those trees will certainly give Me a good hiding place. (Accompanied by His friend Madhumagala, Ka exits). Text 27 (d) lalit: hala rahe kanhassa adamsanena ma uttamma. na dittha jevva janehi. ta vijutta asavvado upasappamha. halaO; raheRdh; kanhassaof Ka; adamsanenaby not seeing; madon't; uttammabecome unhappy; namHim; dittham seen; jevvacertainly; janehiYou should know; tatherefore; vijutta separated from Him; asavvadoeverywhere; upasappamhawe shall go.

Lalit: O Rdh, do not be unhappy because Ka is no longer in Your sight. You shall see Him again. Now that we are separated from Him we shall go everywhere to find Him. Text 27 (e)

rdhik: jadha bhanadi pi-a-sahi. jadhaas; bhanadispeaks; pi-adear; sahiMy friend. Rdhik: As My dear friends speaks. Text 27 (f) (iti tisra tatha kurvanti). itithus; tisrathe three girls; tathain that way; kurvantiact. (The three girls do that). Text 27 (g) rdhik: (uttara vana-lekha asadya sa-vimarsam). nuna kanho ettha patto huvissadi ja me pekkhanto dakkhina pa-ittho. uttaramin the north; vana-lekhamthe forest; asadyaentering; sawith; vimarsamreflection; nunamis it not?; kanhothat Ka; etthahere; pattoobtained; huvissadiwill be; jambecause; me Me; pekkhantoseeing; dakkhinamthe south; pa-itthowill enter. Rdhik: (She goes to the northern forest, and then pauses to reflect) Is this not the place where Ka will be found? If He sees Me He will escape and go to to south. Text 27 (h) sa hariti bhavatibhi svanta-hari harinyo harir iha kim apagatithya-sangi vyadhayi yad anuranita-vamsi-kakalibhir mukhebhya sukha-trna-kavala va sami-lidha skhalanti saHe; haritiin this direction; bhavatibhiby you; svanta-hari handsome; harinyaO does; hariKa; ihahere; kim whether?; apagaof the corners of the eyes; atithyaa guest; sangi touching; vyadhayihas placed; yatbecause; anuranitasounded;

vamsiof the flute; kakalibhiby the sweet sounds; mukhebhya from mouths; sukhahappy; trnaof grass; kavalamouthfuls; va of you; sami-lidhahalf-chewed; akhalantifall. O does, has handsome Ka come to this place and become the guest of the corners of your eyes? I can see that because you must have heard the sweet music of Ka's flute, the grass is now falling, half-chewed, from your mouths. Text 28 (puro 'bhyupetya samantat payanti. sansktena). yad agalita-maranda vartate sakhi-vnd milati ca yad alabdha-prema-ghurna khagali tad iha na hi sikhandottamsini sa pravita nikhila-bhuvana-ceto-harini kapi vidya puraahead; abhyupetyaapproaching; samantatin all directions; payantilooking; sansktenain Sanskrit; yatbecause; agalitawithout trickling down; marandamhoney; vartateremain; sakhiof trees; vndmthe host; milatimeet together; caalso; yatbecause; alabdhanot attained; premaof love; ghurna agitation; khagaof birds; alithe flocks; tattherefore; ihahere; na not; hicertainly; sikhanda-uttamsiniof Ka, who wears a crown of peacock feathers; sathat; pravitaentered; nikhilathe entire; bhuvanaworld; cetathe hearts; harinienchanting; ka api something; vidyaknowledge. (She walks ahead, looks in all directions and says in Sanskrit:) Because the trees have become stunned and stopped oozing honey, and because the birds have all assembled together as if stunned with transcendental love, I think they must all be aware of the presence of Lord Ka, who wears a crown of peacock feathers, and who enchants the hearts of the entire world. Text 29 (iti savyata parikramya. sansktena). vighurnanta pauspa na madhu lihate 'mi madhuliha suko 'ya nadatte kalita-jadima dadima-phalam

vivara-parnagra carati hariniya na harita pathanena svami tad ibhavara-gami dhruvam agat itithus; svayatafrom the left; parikramya ; sansktena in Sanskrit; vighurnantaagitated; pauspamclusters of flowers; na not; madhuhoney; lihatelicks; amithese; madhulihabees; sukaparrot; ayamthis; nadoes not; adattetake; kalita manifested; jadimathe condition of being stunned; dadima-phalam pomegranate; vivaraturned color; parnaof leaves; agramthe tip; caratigoes; harinidoe; iyamthis; nanot; haritamgreen; patha the path; anenaby Him; svamithe master; tatthat; ibhaof elements; varathe best; gamigait; dhruvamindeed; agat attained. (She walks to the left, and then says in Sanskrit:) These restless bumble-bees fly to and from without drinking the nectar of these flowers. This parrot has become stunned, and will not eat the pomegranate near him. This doe has become pale and declines to eat the green grass beneath her. These are certain symptoms of the fact that Sri Ka, who walks like the best of graceful elephants, must have travelled down this path". Text 30 (puro gatv) esa vamado kali tamala-ali disa-i. (iti saci-kandhara nibhalya. sansktena). naisargikany api nirargala-capalani hitvadya sankula-tanu pulakankurena di cirena parirabdha-tamala-sakha sakha-mrgi-tatir iya kim adhas tanoti puraahead; gatvgoing; esathis; vamadoon the left; kali black; tamalaof tamala trees; aligroup; disa-iis seen; itithus; sacitilted; kandharamneck; nibhalyalooking; sansktenain Sanskrit; naisargikaninatural; apialso; nirargalauncheckable; capalatanirestlessness; hitv abandoning; adyanow; sankula filled; tanubody; pulaka-ankurenawith hairs standing upright; dimglance; cirenafor a long time; parirabdhaembraced; tamalaof the tamala trees; sakhathe branches; sakha-mrgiof monkeys; tati troop; iyamthis; kimwhy; adhadownwards; tanotiplace.

(Goes ahead) On the left I see a grove of black tamala tree. (Tilting Her neck, She looks at the trees and says in Sanskrit:) Why have the monkeys in the branches of the tamala trees given up their natural restlessness? Why to their bodily hairs stand upright in ecstasy, and why do they stare at the ground in this way? Text 31 (a) ta esa manjula tavincha-ni-unja-sali-a pekkhidavva. tain this way; esathis; manjulabeautiful; tavinchaof tamala trees; ni-unjaof the grove; sali-athe branches; pekkhidavvamay be seen. In this way the branches of the tamala trees appear very beautiful. Text 31 (b) (praviya) ka: (svagatam) satyam asya citta-catvara-saga-tvari premavalir eva mad-uddesa-duti. yad alambita vijnata-bhuyistho 'smi samvrtta. tata sthanur iva niscala tisthami. (iti tatha sthitah). praviyaenters; svagatamaside; satyamin truth; asyaof Her; cittaof the heart; catvarain the courtyard; sagatouching; tvariquickly going; premaof love; avalithe abundance; eva certainly; matto Me; uddesain relation; dutithe messenger; yat because; alamitamstaying; vinnataknown; bhuyisthagreatly; asmiI am; samvrttaengaged; tata therefore; sthanua pillar; ivalike; niscalamotionless; tisthamiI shall stand; itithus; tatha in that way; sthita stands. (Ka entes). Ka: (Aside) The great love that Rdh bears for Me in the courtyard of Her heart has become the messenger to quickly guide Her to Me. She can easily find Me now. I shall stand as still and motionless as a column. (He does that). Text 31 (c)

rdhik: (murdhanam anamayya ka payanti. sa-vyajam). ettha kanho natthi. murdhanamHer head; anamayyalowering; kamKa; payantiseeing; sawith; vyajama trick; etthahere; kanho Ka; nanot; atthiis. Rdhik: (Lowering Her head, She sees Ka. As a trick, She says:) Ka is not here. Text 31 (d) ka: (svagatam) distya na do 'smi. svagatamaside; distyaby good fortune; nanot; daseen; asmiI have been. svagatamaside; distyaby good fortune; nanot; daseen; asmiI have been. Ka: (Aside) Fortunately She did not see Me. Text 31 (e) rdhik: (sa-smitam) eso nilo mani kilo jjevva rehadi. sawith; smitama smile; esothis; niloa blue; manijewelled; kilocolomn; jjevvacertainly; rehadistands. Rdhik: (Smiling) Here is a blue column studded with jewels. Text 31 (f) ka: nuna ghanandhakarato naha pratyabhijnata. nunamis it not so?; ghanadense; andhakaratabecause of the blinding darkness; nanot; ahamI am; pratyabhijnatarecognized.

Ka: Is it not so that because of the dense, blinding dakness She cannot recognize Me? Text 31 (g) rdhik: amhahe ujjalada indanila-kilassa. amhaheaha!; ujjaladathe splendor; indanilaof sapphires; kilassaof the column. Rdhik: Ah, the splendor of this sapphire column! Text 31 (b) ka: (sa-harsam apavarya) re dhvanta-mandala sakhe saranagato 'smi vistarayasva tarasa nija-vaibhavani abhyasam abhyupagatapi muhur yatha sa navaiti ma nava-kuraga-tarangi-netra sawith; harsamjoy; apavaryaaside; reO; dhvanta-mandala darkness; sakheO frien; saranaat the shelter; agataarrived; asmiI am; vistarayasvaplease extend; tarasaat once; nijayou; vaibhavanipotency; abhyasamnearby; abhypagataapproached; apialthough; muhurepeatedly; yathaas; saShe; nanot; avaiti understand; navayoung; kuragadeer; tarangiwith waves; netra whose eyes. Ka: (With happiness, He says to Himself:) O darkness, My friend, I take shelter of you. Please extend your influence at once, so that even though this girl, whose restless eyes are like the eyes of a doe, stares at Me at close range and for a long time, She will not understand who I am. Text 32 (a) rdhik: (smitv) accari-a accari-am. imassa nilovalassa antarale padibimbida canda-ali lakkhi-adi.

smitvsmiling; accari-amwonderful; accari-amwonderful; imassaof this; nilovalassasapphire; antaralain the middle; padibimbidareflected; canda-alia row of moons; lakkhi-adiis seen. Rdhik: (Smiles) Wonderful! Wonderful! I see a line of moons reflected on this sapphire column. Note: Candrval is, of course, the name of Rdh's rival, and therefore the sentence may also be interpreted: "Wonderful! Wonderful! I see My rival Candrval reflected in this sapphire column". Text 32 (b) ka: (smita ktv svagatam) katha samvidana khalu narmatanoti. (ity utthaya. prakam). priye satyam attha. yad aya tvad-asyacandro me hrd-vrtti-tarangesu bimbitas candravali babhuva. smitama smile; ktvdoing; svagatamaside; kathamhow is it?; samvidanaunderstanding; khaluindeed; narmaa joke; atanoti does; itithus; utthayarising; prakamopenly; priyeO beloved; satyamthe truth; atthaYou speak; yatbecause; tvatof You; asyaof the face; candrathe moon; meof Me; htof the heart; vrttiof the activities; tarangesuon the waves; bimbitais reflected; candraof moons; avalia series; babhuvahas become. Ka: (Smiles, and says to Himself:) How does She understand who I am that She can joke in this way? (He rises ans says openly) Beloved, You speak the truth. When the moon of Your face is reflected on the many waves of the thoughs in My heart, the reflection is broken into many moons. Text 32 (c) rdhik: amhahe. katha tuma jevva. tado neda accari-am. mahaheAh!; kathamhow is it?; tumamYou; jevvacertainly; tadothen; nanot; idamthis; accari-amwonderful.

Rdhik: Oh! Is it You? Then it is not wonderful. Text 32 (d) ka: vilasini kim anena vislesa-sampadyena keli-narmana. tad ehi. dana-gandhina kusuma-vrndesu purna-murdhani saptaparnakunje kaa visrama-sakukhyam anubhavama. (iti tatha sthitau). vilasiniO playful girl; kimwhat is the use?; anenaof this; vislesawith puns; sampadyenaenriched; keliplayful; narmana joking; tattherefore; ehicome here; dana-gandhinavery fragrant; kusumaof flowers; vrndenawith a multitude; purnafilled; murdhanito the top; saptaparnaof saptaparna trees; kunjein the grove; kaamfor a moment; visramaof pastimes; saukhyamthe happiness; anubhavamalet us both experience; itithus; tathain that way; sthitausituated. Ka: O playful girl, what is the need for all these punning jokes? Come here. For a moment let us both enjoy transcendental pastimes in this saptaparna grove filled to the brim with the sweet fragrance of hosts of flowers. (They both do that). Text 32 (e) lalit: visahe pekkha. kanhena sagada pi-a-sahi. ja tassa padehi sammissida-i eda-e pada-i disanti. visaheO Vikh; pekkhalook!; kanhenaby Ka; sagada accompanied; pi-adear; sahithe friend; jambecause; tassaof Him; padehimwith the footprints; sammissaida-immixed; eda-eof Her; pada-imthe footprints; disantiare seen. Lalit: Vikh, look! Our dear friend Rdh has gone with Ka. Here we can see Her footprints mixed with Him. Text 32 (f) vikh: (padakan anustya sansktena). priya-sakhi parirambhan anumukhyanubandhad asada-vinivesan narma-laulyorjitani

iyam avisama-manda-nyasato jalpa-gosthi pada-tatir iha rdh-kayor atanoti pada-akanthe footprints; anustyafollowing; sansktenain Sanskrit; priaydear; sakhifriend; parirambhanembraces; anumukhya-anubandhatbecause of facing each other; asada disimilar; vinivesanentrances; narma-laulya-urjitaniplayfulness; iyamthis; avisamasmooth; mandagentle; nyasatafrom the placement; jalpa-gosthimconversation; padaof footprints; tati the series; ihahere; rdh-kayoof Rdh and Ka; atanoti is places. Vikh: (Following the footprints, she says in Sanskrit:) Here Rdh and Ka's footprints face each other, showing that here they must have embraced. Here the footprints are uneven, showing that They must have enjoyed playful pastimes. Here the footprints are soft and regular showing that They mush have had a long talk. Text 33 (a) ka: priye nati-dure komalo 'ya kanci-dhvanir udacati. tatas tusni srnuva. priyeO beloved; nanot; ativery; durefar away; komala delicate; ayamthis; kanciof te sash of bells; dhvanithe sound; udancatiarises; tatatherefore; tunimsilence; srnuvalet us listen. Ka: Beloved, not very far away is the soft sound of a tinkling sash of bells. Let us become silent, and listen. Text 33 (b) vikh: hala vitthinna-valli-mandala-kundalide vi vana-khande pia-sahi-e kadha kanho turi-a laddho. halaah!; vitthinnaextended; valliof creepers; mandalawith circle; kundalideencircled; iindeed; vana-khandein this forest; piadear; sahi-eby the friend; kadhamhow?; kanhoKa; turi-am so quickly; laddhowas obtained.

Vikh: This Ah! How was our dear friend Rdh able to find Ka so quickly in this part of the forest so much overgrown with creepers? Text 33 (c) lalit: garu-a rama-i jahi jo na tassa so ho-i dullaho bhuvane maulantammi-rasale kalakahi takkhana mila-i garugreatly; rama-iplay; jahimwhere; jowho; nanot; tassa of Him; saHe; ho-iis; dullabodifficult to attain; bhuvanein the world; ma-ulantammibudding; rasalein a mango tree; kalakahi cuckoo; takkhanamat that moment; mila-imeets. Lalit: Here that person who is difficult to find in this world enjoys transcendental pastimes. For a moment a sweet-throated cuckoo stays on a budding mango tree. Text 34 (a) ka: priye pratyasanne tava sakhyau. tad ubhe parihasisyann antarito bhavami. (iti tatha sthitah). priyeO beloved; pratyasannearrived; tavaYou; sakhyautwo friends; tatthen; ubhewith them; parihasisyanjoking; antarita hidden; bhavamiI shall become; itithus; tathain that way; sthita is situated. Ka: Beloved, here come Your two friends. I shall play a joke on them by hiding. (He does that). Text 34 (b) lalit: (parikramya puro rdhm alokya ca sa-harsam). hala kudo so na-aro. parikramyawalking; puraahead; rdhmRdh; alokya seeing; caalso; sawith; harsamhappiness; halaah!; kudo where; soHe; na-arothe lover.

Lalit: (Walking ahead, she sees Rdh, and happily says:) Oh! Where is Your lover? Text 34 (c) rdhik: (sa-smitam) ka kkhu ta janadi. sawith; smitama smile; kawho?; kkhuindeed; tamHim; janadiknows. Rdhik: (With a smile) Who knows? Text 34 (d) lalit: (sa-narma-smita sansktena artya). kaca mukta muktavalir api yayau nirguna-dasa visuddha te dantacchada-yugam abhud danta-hrdaye abandhasit kanci tad iva sakhi yuktasi harina satina va ktya kim ucitam ida gokula-bhuvam sawith; narmaa playful; smitamsmile; sansktenaof Sanskrit; artyataking shelter; kacahair; mukta dishevelled; muktaof pearls; avalithe string; apieven; yayauhas attained; nirgunaof being without a string; dasamthe condition; visuddham free from red betel-nut stains; teof You; dantacchadaof lips; yugam the pair; abhuthas become; dantascratched; hrdayewhose chest; abandhauntied; asithas become; kancithe belt; tat therefore; ivaas if; sakhiO friend; yuktaunited; asiYou have been; harinawith Ka; satinamchaste girls; vaof us; ktyam to be done; kimwhether?; ucitamproper; idamthis; gokulabhuvamof the residents of Gokula. Lalit: (With a playful smile, she says in Sanskrit:) Your hair is dishevelled, Your pearl necklace broked, Your teeth are no longer reddened with betel-nuts, Your breasts bear many scratch marks, and Your belt is untied. O friend, it appears that You have enjoyed conjugal union with Ka. Is this proper for us chaste girls of Gokula? Text 35 (a)

ka: (puro 'nustya) lalite naham apardhyami sakhyai. vane sangopito 'smi. purain front; anustyaapproaching; laliteO Lalit; nanot; ahamI; apardhyamihave offended; sakhyaiyour friend; vanein the forest; sangoptitahidden hidden; asmiI have been. Ka: (Approaches) Lalit, I have not done anything bad to your friend. I have been hiding in the forest the entire time. Text 35 (b) lalit: ki ti pi-a-sahi-e sangovinijjo tumam. kimwhy?; tiin this way; pi-adear; sahi-eby my friend; sangovinijjoto be hidden; tumamYou. Lalit: What did my dear friend do to make You hide in the forest? Text 35 (c) ka: sundari nija-kandarpa-kala-pragalbhyasyapalapaya. (ity angulya darsayan). paya paya. sundariO beautiful girl; nijaown; kandarpaamorous; kalaof pastimes; pragalbhyasyaof the boldness; apalapayacausing to flee; itithus; angulyawith a finger; darsayanindicating; payalook!; payalook! Ka: O beautiful girl, Her bold amorous advances made Me flee. (Pointing with His finger). Look! Look! Text 35 (d) kathoragrair bhuyo vranam ajanayad vakasi nakhair balad akramanti vyakirad api ma piccha-racanam vikrsya chinnangim akta-vana-mala ca ruciram idani janite na kim api puras te priya-sakhi

kathorahard; agraiwith tips; bhuyarepeatedly; vranama wound; ajanayatproduced; vakasion the chest; nakhaiwith nails; balatviolently; akramantiattacking; vyakiratscattered; api evenp mamMe; piccha-racanamcrown of peacock feather; vikrsya pulling; chinnabroken; angimwhose body; aktaundone; vana of forest flowers; malamthe garland; caalso; rucirambeautiful; idanimnow; janiteknows; nanot; kim apianything; purain the presence; teyour; priyadear; sakhifriend. She wounded My chest with the hard tips of Her fingernails. She violently attacked Me and scattered My peacock feather decorations. She pulled apart My beautiful garland of forest flowers. Even though She did all these things, your dear friend now stands before you and says that She knows nothing about it. Text 36 (a) rdh: (sapatrapam) hu appana kadu-a para dusedu pandidosi. sawith; apatrapamembarrassment; humindeed; appanaby Yourself; kadu-ahaving done; paramanother; dusedumto lay the blame; pandidosiYou are expert. Rdh: (Embarrassed) You are expert at blaming others for what You have done Yourself. Text 36 (b) (nepathye) jail-puda-manjarihim. (ity ardhokte). jailyogs with matted locks of hair; pudaopened; manjarihim with blossoms; itithus; ardhahalf; uktespoken. A Voice From Behind the Scenes: Jail, with the ones whose blossoms have opened (The sentence is half-finished). Text 36 (c)

rdhik: (sa-trasam) accahida accahidam. bha-akari buddhi-a. ta turi-a pala-emha. (iti sakhibhya saha nistranta). sawith; trasamfear; accahidamvery inauspicious; accahidam very inauspicious; bha-akarifrightened; buddhi-athe old lady; ta therefore; turi-amquickly; pala-emhalet us flee. Rdhik: (Frightened) A calamity! A great calamity! It is the terrible old lady. Let us flee at once. (With Her two gopi-friends, She exits). Text 36 (d) (nepathye) vihudimanto para-a-punjena hara-bhatta vi-a sava-e pphuranti satta-cchada-ppa-ara. vuhudimantoopulent; para-aof pollen; punjenawith an abundance; haraof Lord Siva; bhattathe devotees; vi-alike; savaein autumn; pphurantiblossoming; sattacchadathe saptaparna trees; ppa-araexcellent. Again the Voice From Behind The Scenes: Covered with pollen, in autumn, these beautiful saptaparna trees look like jail-yogis. the devotees of Siva who wear matted locks of hair. Text 36 (e) ka: (sa-vailakyam) hanta sapteparna varayata jatileti katudgarena batuna kadarthito 'smi. tad agre suhrn-mandalam eva prayami. (iti nikrnta sarve). sawith; vailakyamunhappiness; hantaindeed; saptaparnam a saptaparna tree; varayataby describing; jailjail; itithus; katubitter; udgarenaby words; batunaby the brahmacari; kadarthitaundone; asmiI am; tattherefore; agrein the presence; suhtof friends; mandalamthe circle; evacertainly; prayamiI shall go; itithus; nikrnta exits; sarveeveryone.

Ka: (Distressed) Ah! The brahmacari Madhumagala used the word "jail" to describe the saptaparna trees. Jail is not coming now. These bitter words of his have ruined Me. Now let Me go to My gopa-friends. (Everyone exits).

Act Seven Gaur-trtha-vihra Pastimes at Gaur-trtha Text 1 (tatah pravisati vnd). vnd: (samantad avalokya) kadambali jrmbha-bhara-parimalodgari-pavana sphutad-yuth yuthi-krta-madhupa-gana-pranayini matat-keki-stoma mrdula-yavasasya malina-bhus tapante 'dya svantam mama ramayati dvadasa-vani tatahthen; pravisatienters; vndVnd; tatahthen; samantatin all directions; avalokyalooking; kadambaof kadamba; alithe host; jrmbhayawning; bharaabundance; parimala fragrance; udgariemitting; pavanabreeze; sphutatblossoming; yuthiyuthi flowers; yuthi-krtaassembled; madhupaof bees; gana songs; pranayiniaffectionate; natatdancing; kekiof peacocks; stomathe host; mrdulatender; yavasasyawith grass; malina darkened; bhuhthe earth; tapa-antein autumn; adyanow; svaantaheart; mamamy; ramayatidelights; dvadasa-vanithe twelve forests of Vndvana. (Vnd enters). Vnd: (Looking in all directions) The breeze carries the sweet aroma scent of the bloming kadamba flowers, the jubilantly buzzing bees assemble on the yuthi flowers, the peacocks dance, and the earth is green with grass. Now that it is autumn, these twelve forests of Vndvana delight my heart. Text 2 (a)

(nepathye drstim niksipya) katham asau paurnamasi nija-parnakutiropanta-vatikayam abhimanyuna sankathayanti vartate. tad aham ksanam atraiva tistheyam. nepathyebehind the scenes; drstima glance; niksipyacasting; kathamwhy?; asaushe; paurnamasiPaurams; nijaown; parnaof leaves; kutirathe cottage; upantanearby; vatikayamin the garden; abhimanyunawith Abhimanyu; sankathayantitalking; vartateis; tattherefore; ahamI; ksanamfor a moment; atra here; evacertainly; tisthayamshall stay. (Glancing behind the scenes) Why is Paurams talking with Abhimanyu in the garden by her cottage of leaves? Let me wait here a moment. Text 2 (b) (pravisya tatha-bhuta paurnamasi). paurnamasi: vatsabhimanyo kim artham pratar evaham upasaditasmi. pravisyaentering; tatha-bhutain that way; paurnamasi Paurams: vatsaO child; abhimanyoAbhimanyu; kim artham why?; pratahearly in the morning; evacertainly; ahamI; upasadita approached; asmiam. (Enter Paurnmasi, as described) Paurams: Abhimanyu, my child, why have you come to me so early in the morning. Text 2 (c) abhimanyu: tujjha anam gahidum. tujjhaof you; anamthe permission; gahidumto take. Abhimanyu: To ask your permission. Text 2 (d)

paurnamasi: kasminn arthe. kasminnin what?; arthematter. Paurams: For what? Text 2 (e) abhimanyu: varisahanavi-e mahura-patthano. varisahanavi-eof Rdh, the daughter of Maharaja Vrsabhanu; mahurato Mathura; patthanoin the journey. Abhimanyu: To take Rdh to Mathura. Text 2 (f) paurnamasi: (sa-vyatham) kas tatra hetuh. sawith; vyathamanxiety; kahwhat?; tatrain that; hetuhis the cause. Paurams: (Anxious) Why? Text 2 (g) abhimanyu: donham raha-mahavanam capalam jevva. donhamof the couple; raha-mahavanamRdh and Ka; capalamthe amorous pastimes; jevvacertainly. Abhimanyu: There is a love affair between Rdh and Ka. Text 2 (h) paurnamasi: vira kena tavedam varnitam.

viraO hero; kenaby whom?; tavaof you; idamthis; varnitam was described. Paurams: O hero, who told you such a thing? Text 2 (i) abhimanyu: pi-a-va-assena govaddhanena. pi-adear; va-assenaby the friend; govaddhanenaGovardhana. Abhimanyu: My dear friend Govardhana. Text 2 (j) paurnamasi: vatsabhimanyo caturan-manyo 'pi tvam anaryabuddhir asi. yena bhojendra-vallabhasya kautilya-cakrena vibhramyase. vatsaO child; abhimanyoO Abhimanyu; caturamintelligent; manyahconsidering yourself; apialthough; tvamyou; anaryanot good; buddhihwith intelligence; asiyou are; yenaby which; bhoja of the Bhoja dynasty; indraof the king; vallabhasyathe beloved (Kamsa); kautilyaof crookedness; cakrenaby the wheel; vibhramyasespun around. Paurams: Child Abhimanyu, although you think that you are very clever, your intelligence is not very good. The whirlpool of Kamsa's crookedness has spun you around in circles. Text 2 (k) abhimanyu: adipasiddha esa pa-utti kena va na kahijja-i. adivery; pasiddhafamous; esathis; pa-uttiactivity; kena why?; vaor; nanot; kahijja-iis spoken.

Abhimanyu: Their conduct is very well known. Why should I not accuse Them? Text 2 (l) paurnamasi: putra nunam karnejapanam upajapena lupta-viveko 'si. tad akarnaya. putraO son; nunamis it not so?; karnejapanamof gossipers; upajapenaby the gossip; luptaremoved; vivekahdiscrimination; asiyou are; tattherefore; akarnayaplease listen. Paurams: Son, is it not that your discrimination has been stolen by the tales of these gossipers? Please listen. Text 2 (m) abhimanyu: anavehi. anavehiplease instruct. Abhimanyu: Please instruct me. Text 2 (n) paurnamasi: vatsa yena lavanya-gandha-lava-lubdhena kamsasardulena svayam eva rdh-mrgi mrgyate. tasya darunasya kamsasardulasya hastopari nyayyah katham asyah praksepah. vatsaO child; yenaby whom; lavanyaof the beauty; gandha of the fragrance; lavafor a fractional part; lubdhenagreedy; kamsa of Kamsa; sardulenaby the tiger; svayampersonally; eva certainly; rdhof Rdh; mrgithe doe; mrgyateis sought; tasya of him; darunasyathe cruel; kamsaof Kamsa; sardulasyatiger; hasta-upariinto the hand; vyayyahto be placed; kathamwhy?; asyahof Her; praksepahplacing. Paurams: Aroused by a whiff? of the sweet fragrance of Her beauty, the tiger Kamsa is hunting the doe Rdh. Why should you place Her in the hand of this cruel tiger Kamsa?

Text 2 (o) abhimanyu: bha-avadi tattha cinta. so kkhu kusali suhittamo govaddhano jena vijja-mahurihim mahurindo vasi-ki-o. bha-avadiO noble lady; tatthathere; nanot; cintaanxiety; so he; kkhuindeed; kusalifavorable; hodumay be; suhittamodear friend; govaddhanoGovardhana; jenaby who; vijjaof knowledge; mahurihimby the sweetness; mahurindothe king of Mathura; vasiki-ois controlled. Abhimanyu: O noble lady, what anxiety need there be in that? With the sweetness of this great learning, my dear friend Govardhana keeps Kamsa under his control. Text 2 (p) paurnamasi: (sa-khedam. ksanam anudhyaya). hamho dhanyanam murdhanya govinda-matur matuleyo 'si. katham alpayusam gokula-dvesinam mandala-patitam alambase. tad adya kayapi maryadaya tvam paryapayitum icchami. sawith; khedamunhappiness; ksanamfor a moment; anudhyayareflecting; hamhoah!; dhanyanamof those who are fortunate; murdhanyaO most important one; govindaof Ka; matuhof the mother; matuleyahthe cousin; asiyou are; katham why?; alpashort; ayusamof those whose lives; gokulaof Gokula; dvesinamof the enemies; mandalain the circle; patitamfalling; alambaseYou have attained; tattherefore; adyanow; kaya api with a certain; maryadayarestriction; tvamyou; paryapayitumto the place; icchamiI wish. Paurams: (Broods for a moment) O most fortunate one, you are the cousin of Ka's mother. How is it that you have fallen into the circle of the short-lived enemies of Gokula village? Today I wish to place some restrictions on you. Text 2 (q) abhimanyu: anavedu tattha-hodi.

anavedumay order; tattha-hodithe noble lady. Abhimanyu: The noble lady may order me. Text 2 (r) paurnamasi: vatsa sa kacin matsara-kalpitapi kim-vadanti yadi tvaya natathyataya pratiyate tatah svayam eva caksusor aparoksikrtya yathestam cestaniyam. vatsaO child; sathis; kacitsomething; matsarawith malice; kalpitaconcieved; apieven; kim-vadantirumor; yadiif; tvayaby you; nanot; atathyatayaas a lie; pratiyateis believed; tatah then; svayampersonally; evacertainly; cuksusorin the eyes; aparoksi-krtyaseeing; yathaas; istamdesired; cestaniyammay be performed. Paurams: Child, if you actually do not accept that this malicious rumor is a lie, then at least investigate the matter, and when with your own eyes, you see that it is true, then you may do as you wish. Text 2 (s) abhimanyu: (sa-prasrayam) bha-avadi siro-gahidam de nidesakusumam. sawith; prasrayamhumbleness; bha-avadiO noble lady; siro on the head; gahidamtaken; deof you; nidesaof the instruction; kusumamthe flower. Abhimanyu: (With humbleness) O noble lady, I place the flower of your words upon my head. Text 2 (t) paurnamasi: (sanandam) somanana goman atra bhuyah. sawith; anandamhappiness; somamoon; ananaface; go-man the master of many cows; atrahere; bhuyahmay be.

Paurams: (happily) O moon-faced one, may you become the master of many cows. Text 2 (u) abhimanyu: bha-avadi amba mam puno puno bhanadi putta canda-ali-candi-accanena go-addhano jahattha-nama samvutto. ta vahudiya vitattha dikkhavijja-utti. bha-avadiO noble lady; ambamother; mamto me; puno again; punoand again; bhanadisays; puttoO son; canda-aliof Candravali; candiof Durga; accanenaby the worship; go-addhano Govardhana-gopa (the master of cows); jahatthaappropriate; nama-a whose name; samvuttohas become; tatherefore; vahudiyawife; vitatthain that; dikkhavijja-uttishould become initiated. Abhimanyu: O noble lady, my mother tells me again and again my mother tells me: "Son, because Candravali worships goddess Durga, Govardhana-gopa name has become very appropriate for him. For this reason your wife Rdh should also become initiated into the worship of Durga. Note: The word "govardhana" means "master of many cows". Govardhana-gopa has become the master of many cows, because of Candravali's worship, and therefore his name is now very appropriate. Text 2 (v) paurnamasi: mangala-mate sarva-mangalardhne diksitam avilambam eva varsabhanavim viddhi. mangalaauspicious; matewhose heart; sarvaall; mangala auspicious; ardhnein the worship; diksitaminitiated; avilambam without delay; evacertainly; varsabhanavimRdh, the daughter of Maharaja Vrsabhanu; viddhiplease know. Paurams: O auspicious-heart, please know that very soon Rdh will be initiated into the worship of a deity who is all-auspicious. Text 2 (w)

abhimanyu: bha-avadi anukampido mhi. (iti niskrantah). bha-avadiO noble lady; anukampidothe object of kindness; mhi I am; itithus; niskrantahexits. Abhimanyu: O noble lady, you are very kind to me. (He exits). Text 2 (x) vnd: (parikramya) vande bhagavatim. parikramyawalking; vandeI offer respects; bhagavatimto the noble lady. Vnd: (Walking) I offer my respects to the noble lady. Text 2 (y) paurnamasi: (vilokya subhasirbhir abhivandya ca). vatse kamam krtarthasi. tad avedaya rdh-madhavayor nikunja-keli-madhurim. vilokyalooking; subhaauspicious; asirbhihwith benedictions; abhivandyagreeting; caalso; vatseO child; kamamto your heart's content; krtaattained; arthaobject; asiyou are; tat therefore; avedayaplease describe; rdh-madhavayohof Rdh and Ka; nikunjain the forest-groves; keliof the amorous pastimes; madhurimthe sweetness. Paurams: (Noticing her, she greets her with words of benedictions) Child, you possess all good fortune. Please tell me of the sweetness of Rdh and Ka's pastimes in the forest-grove. Text 2 (z) vnd: sarvasvam prathama-rasasya yah prathiyan kamsarer udayati rdhya vilasa

vaktum ko viramati tam janah samantad anandas tirayati ced giram na vttim sarvasvamthe great treasure; prathama-rasasyaof amorous love; yahwhich; prathiyanexpanding; kamsa-arehof Lord Ka, the enemy of Kamsa; udayatimanifests; rdhyawith Rdh; vilasahthe pastimes; vaktumto describe; kahwho; viramati ceases; tamthem; janaha person; samantatcompletely; anandah bliss; tirayatistops; cetif; giramof words; nanot; vttimthe action. Vnd: The pastimes of Rdh and Ka are the great treasure of transcendental conjugal love. Who would stop describing them as long as transcendental bliss does not stop His voice? Text 3 paurnamasi: (sanandam) putri vrnde harir ea na ced avtariyan mathury madhurki rdhik ca abhaviyad iya vth visir makarkas tu vieatas tadtra sawith; anandambliss; putriO daughter; vrndeVnd; hari Lord Ka; eathis; cetif; avtarisyatwould have descended; mathurymMathur; madhura-akiO lovely-eyed (Paurams); rdhikrmat Rdhk; caand; abhaviyatwould have been; iyamthis; vthuseless; visithe whole creation; makara-aka the demigod of love, Cupid; tuthen; vieataabove all; tad then; atrain this. Paurams: (Blissful) O daughter Vnd, "O Paurams, if Lord Hari had not descended in Mathur with rmat Rdhr, this entire creation-and specially Cupid, the demigod of love-would have been useless." Text 4 (a) tad adya gostha-madhye tavopasattir mam vismaprayati.

tattherefore; adyanow; gosthaof Vraja; madhyein the midst; tavaof you; upasattihthe entrance; mamme; vismarayati surprises. For this reason I am surprised that at this time you have come into Vraja village. Text 4 (b) vnd: bhagavati tavarate ko 'pi gariyan arthah. tad atra lalitam apeksamanasmi. bhagavatiO noble lady; tvaratehastens; kah apisomething; gariyansignificant; arthahpurpose; tattherefore; atrahere; lalitamfor Lalit; apeksamanawaiting; asmiI am. Vnd: O noble lady, there is something very serious. For this reason I am waiting here for Lalit. Text 4 (c) paurnamasi: kidrso 'yam. kidrsahlike what?; ayamthis. Paurams: What is it? Text 4 (d) vnd: purve-dyur adistasmi govindena. yatha ahara gauri-tirtham madhura-sriyam tatra rantum icchami padmavalambi-karaya priyaya padmavatamsikaya purve-dyuhyesterday; adistainstructed; asmiI was; govindena by Ka; yathaas; aharaplease bring; gauri-tirthamto Gauritirtha; madhuraof sweetness; sriyamthe beauty; tatrathere; rantumto enjoy pastimes; icchamiI desire; padmaa lotus;

avalambiholding; karayain Her hand; priyayawith My beloved; padmaof lotuses; avatamsikayawith garlands. Vnd: Yesterday I received an request from Ka. He said: "Please give very sweet beauty to the place Gauri-tirtha. In that place I wish to enjoy pastimes with My beloved, who will wear garlands of lotus flowers and hold a lotus in Her hand. Text 5 paurnamasi: yuktam adistam yad adya saubhagya-purnima. tatha hi prasunair adbhutaih kanta kantena sravani-dine prasadhita prasiddhena saubhagyena vivardhate yuktamappropriate; adistamrequested; yatbecause; adyato today; saubhagyaof auspiciousness; purnimathe full-moon day; tatha hifurthermore; prasunaihwith flowers; adbhutaihwonderful; kantathe beloved; kantenaby the lover; sravani-dineon the fullmoon day of the month of sravana; prasadhitadecorated; prasiddhenacelebrated; saubhagyenaby the good fortune; vivardhateis increased. Paurams: This is a very appropriate request, for today is the auspicious day known as saubhagya-purnima. A famous verse says: "A woman decorated by her lover with many wonderful flowers on the full-moon day of the month of sravana attains great good fortune". Text 6 (a) tatas tatah. tatahthen; tatahthen. Then? Then? Text 6 (b)

vnd: tatas ca tad-vtte sarika-mukhatah sakhi-samsadi sancarite yatharthatas tarkita-rdhrtha-siddhir api padma lalitam kataksayanti hathad avadit. tatahthen; caalso; tat-vttein the verse; sarikaof a female parrot; mukhatahfrom the mouth; sakhiof gopi-friends; samsadiin the assembly; sancariterecited; yatha-arthatahappropriately; tarkitalogically considered; rdhof Rdh; arthaof the meaning; siddhihthe perfection; apialthough; padmaPadma; lalitamat Lalit; kataksayantiglancing from the corner of her eyes; hathat vehemently; avaditsaid. Vnd: A female parrot recited that verse in the assembly of gopis. Even though she knew that the verse actually referred to Rdh, Padma glanced at Lalit from the corner of her eyes, and vehemently said: Text 6 (c) utphulla-murteh samam ullasantyas candravales candraka-mandalena mlasyanti saubhagya-bhara-prabhabhir garvandha-gopi-vadanambujani utphullablossomed; murtehwhose form; samamwith; ullasantyahglittering; candravalehof Candravali; candrakaof moonlight; mandalenawith the circle; mlasyantiwill cause to wilt; saubhagyaof good fortune; bharaof the abundance; prabhabhih with the splendor; garvawith pride; andablinded; gopiof the gopis; vadanaof the faces; ambujanithe lotus flowers. Her trasncendental form glittering with happiness as she enjoys transcendental pastimes with Lord Ka, the full moon of Candravali, shining with the moonlight of her great good fortune, will wilt the ambuja lotus faces of the gopis blind with pride. Note: The ambuja lotus opens during the day and closes with the moonrise at night. Text 7 (a)

paurnamasi: tatas tatah. tatahthen; tatahthen. Paurams: Then? Then? Text 7 (b) vnd: (vihasya) tatas ca smeraya drsti-mudrayaiva tam adhiram avadhirayanti lalita maya saha rdhm upasadya kalye prasthanaya tam ati-sambhramam lambhayam asa. paya vtte 'dya yame seyam najagama. vihasyalaughing; tatahthen; caalso; smerayasmiling; drsti of a glance; mudrayawith the sign; evacertainly; tamto her; adhiramfool; avadhirayantitreating with contempt; lalitaLalit; mayame; sahawith rdhmto Rdh; upasadyawent; kalyeat the proper time; prasthanayafor departing; tamHer; atiwith great; sambhramamhaste; lambhayam asawent; payalook!; vtteattained; adyanow; yamethe period of three hours; sa ; ayamShe; nanot; ajagamahas come. Vnd: (Laughing) Then, with a smiling glance Lalit showed her contempt for the fool Padma. Early in the morning Padma and I went to find Rdh to arrange for Her to go and meet Ka. Look! Even at this hour She still has not come. Text 7 (b) lalita: sahi vunde juttam gavva-idam pa-uma-e. danim janidam. tattha patthane kudo amhanam joggada. pravisyaentering; sahiO friend; vundeVnd; juttam properly; gavva-idambeing proud; pa-uma-eby Padma; danim now; janidamit is understood; tatthathere; patthanein the journey; kudowhere?; amhanamof us; joggadathe appropriateness. Lalit: Friend Vnd, Padma had reason to be proud. Now I understand. How can we go there?

Text 7 (c) paurnamasi: putri katham evam. putriO daughter; kathamhow?; evamin this way. Paurams: My daughter, what do you mean? Text 7 (d) lalita: bha-avadi tumha purado amhanam tinna-dohagga-sallena kim ugghadidena. bha-avadiO noble lady; tumhaof you; puradoin the presence; amhanamof us; tinnasharp; dohaggaof misfortune; sallenaby the arrow; kimwhat is the need; ugghadidenaof pulling up. Lalit: O noble lady, what is the use of our showing to you the sharp arrow of our misfortune? Text 7 (d) paurnamasi: vatse susrusur asmi. varnyatam. vatseO child; susrusuheager to hear; asmiI am; varnyatam let it be described. Paurams: Child, I am very eager to hear it. Tell me. Text 7 (e) lalita: (sasram) ajje gora-patta-suttena ganthide ekka divva-mala pi-a-sahi-e kanhassa dinna; sa amhehim pa-umi-a-dhammille takkalam jjevva dittha. sawith; asramtears; ajjeO noble lady; goragolden; patta silk; suttenawith a thread; ganthidastrung; ekkaone; divva splendid; malaflower garland; pi-adear; sahi-eby our friend; kanhassato Ka; dinnawas given; sathat; amhehimby us; pa-

umi-aof Padma; dhammillein the braided hair; takkalamat that time; jjevvacertainly; ditthawas seen. Lalit: (With tears) O noble lady, our dear friend Rdh strung a splendid flower garland on a gold silk thread and gave it to Ka. We later saw that same garland decorating Padma's braided hair. Text 7 (f) paurnamasi: sthane glanir iyam. badham asampraptam etad govindasya. sthaneproperly; glanihunhappiness; iyamthis; badham certainly; asampraptamimpropriety; etatthis; govindasyaof Ka. Paurams: Your unhappiness is natural. It was not proper for Ka to do that. Text 7 (g) vnd: santam amangalam. santampacified; amangalamthe inauspiciousness. Vnd: Now the trouble is ended. Text 7 (h) paurnamasi: vrnde kathyatam kim namedam. vrndeO Vnd; kathyatamlet it be told; kimwhat?; nama indeed; idamthis. Paurams: Vnd, tell us how. Text 7 (i)

vnd: varnitam me manysya-vakyaya taya kakkhatikaya kadamba-sakhayam malam alambya kalindim avagadhe vana-malini sampravtte ca ketaki-paraga-cakra-cande marun-mandale padma kilemam jahara. marutas tu muddha kalankam jagameti. varnitamdescribed; meto me; manusyaof human beings; vakyayawith the words; tayaby her; kakkhatikayaby Kakkhatika; kadambaof a kadamba tree; sakhayamon the branch; malamthe garland; alambyaresting; kalindiminto the Yamuna; avagadhe entering; vanaof forest flowers; maliniwearing a garland; sampravttebeing so; caalso; ketakiof ketaki flowers; paragaof pollen; cakra-candein the whirling circle; marutof the wind; mandalein the circle; padmaPadma; kilaindeed; imamthe garland; jaharatook; marutahthe wind; tuindeed; muddha uselessly; kalankamfault; jagamaattained; itithus. Vnd: Speaking in human words, the old monkey Kakkhatika told me what happened: Ka placed the garland on the branch of a kadamba tree, and then went to bathe in the Yamuna. While He was bathing the wind blew circle of ketaki pollen. During that whirlwind Padma stole the garland. Later Padma blamed the wind for blowing the garland away. Text 7 (j) lalita: dhutte munca nam vancanam. dhutteO rascal; muncaabandon; namthis; vancanam cheating. Lalit: Rascal, give up your cheating. Text 7 (k) vnd: puspa-manjaribhyah sape. puspaof flowers; manjaribhyahby the blossoms; sapeI swear. Vnd: By the blossoming flowers, i swear it it true. Text 7 (l)

lalita: (visrabhya) hala saccam saccam. amha purado appano sohaggam vikkheventi pa-umi-a malam vivaredi. kanha-mittanam aggado una nam samvaredi. visrabhyawith faith; halaah! it is; saccam-it is true; saccamit is true; amhaof us; puradoin the presence; appanoof herself; sohaggamthe good fortune; vikkheventidisplaying; pa-umi-a Padma; malamthe garland; vivaredishows; kanhaof Ka; mittanamof the friends; aggadoin the presence; unaagain; nam this; samvarediconceals. Lalit: (Believing) Ah! It is true! It is true! Padma shows the garland to us and proclaims her good fortune, but then she hides it from Ka's friends. Text 7 (m) paurnamasi: putri lalite sphutam atra purnimayam yusmakam anudyamaya padmaya tam chadma-caturim prasarya gauri-tirtham candravali lambhita. putriO daughter; laliteLalit; sphutamclearly; atrahere; purnimayamon the full-moon day; yusmakamof you; anudyamaya for undoing the plans; padmayaby Padma; tamthis; chadmaof deception; caturimexpertise; prasaryamanifesting; gauri-tirtham Gauri-tirtha; candravaliCandravali; lambhitahas attained. Paurams: Daughter Lalit, Padma is using her skill at deception. She has taken Candravali to Gauri-tirtha on this full-moon day just to undo your plan. Text 7 (n) vnd: yuktam aha bhagavati. tad adya gauri-tirthe rdhikopanitih kalyani me na pratibhati. yuktamproperly; ahahas spoken; bhagavatithe noble lady; tat therefore; adyatoday; gauri-tirtheat Gauri-tirtha; rdhikof Rdhik; upanitihtaking; kalyaniauspicious; meto me; nanot; pratibhatiappears.

Vnd: The noble lady speaks the truth. To take Rdhik to Gauritirtha today seems inauspicious to me. Text 7 (o) (pravisya) visakha: vunde kalyani padibhadi tti bhananhi. pravisyaentering; vundeO Vnd; kalayaniauspicious; padibhadiit appears; ttithus; bhanadiyou should say. (Vikh enters). Vikh: Vnd, you should say "it seems auspicious". Text 7 (p) vnd: katham evam. kathamwhy?; evamin this way. Vnd: Why is that? Text 7 (q) visakha: go-ullesari-muhado ajja sohagga-punnimam suni-a karalae canda-ali appa-bhattuno mallassa pase patthavi-adi. go-ulaof Gokula; isariof the queen; muhadofrom the mouth; ajjatoday; sohagga-punnimamthe auspicious full-moon day of saubhagya-purnima; suni-ahearing; karala-eby Karala; canda-ali Candravali; appaown; bhattunaof the husband; mallasssaof the wrestler; paseby the side; patthavi-adiis placed. Vikh: Hearing from the moth of Gokula's queen Yasoda that today is the auspicious full-moon day of Saubhagya-purnima, Karala has arranged that Candravali spend the entire time by the side of her wrestler husband.

Text 7 (r) lalita: (sa-harsam) visahe ittha-de-o saro-anaho de pasidadu. ta tuvari-adu. sawith; harsamjoy; visaheO Vikh; itthaworshipable; de-o deity; daro-anahothe sun-god; deto you; pasidadumay be merciful; tatherefore; tuvari-adulet there be haste. Lalit: (With happiness) Vikh, may your worshipable deity, the sun-god, be merciful to you. Hurry! Text 7 (s) paurnamasi: putri vrnde kam apy adyatanim abhimanyor darunam durmantri-mudram rdhyam avedya mayapy asyah sanka-pankavalisankalanaya gauri-tirthe bhavitavyam. putriO daughter; vnrdeVnd; kam apisomething; adyatanim present; abhimanyohof Abhimanyu; darunamterrible; durmantri of a bad advisor; mudramthe mark; rdhyamRdh; avedya after informing; mayaby me; apialso; asyahof Her; sankaof fear; pankaof mud; avalithe abundance; sankalanayafor washing away; gauri-tirtheat Gauri-tirtha; bhavitavyamshoul be. Paurams: Daughter Vnd, I shall inform Rdh of Abhimanyu's present fearful plan given to him by a wicked councelor, and then I shall stay with Her at gauri-tirtha to wash away the mud of the all Her fears. Text 7 (t) vrnde: bhagavati purvena gauri-tirtham lavanga-kudungasya prangane sa-visakhaya rdhya sardham sadhayatu tatra-bhavati. tavad avam madhavam asadayavah. bhagavatiO noble lady; purvenaeast; gauri-tirthamto Gauritirtha; lavangaof clove trees; kudungasyaof the grove; prangane in the courtyard; sawith; visakhayaVikh; rdhyaRdh; sardhamwith; sadhayatushould go; tatra-bhavatiYou; tavat then; avamwe both; madhavamto Ka; asadayavahshall bring.

Vnd: O noble lady, you should go with Rdh and Vikh to the grove of lavanga trees east of Gauri-tirtha. In the meantime, the two of us will bring Ka. Text 7 (u) (paurnamasi visakhaya saha niskrantah). paurnamasiPaurams: visakhayaVikh; sahawith; niskrantahexits. (Paurams exits with Vikh). Text 7 (y) lalita: (vndya saha parikramya) hala pekkhi-adu dahine esa durado sevva-e samam jappanti pa-uma. vndyaVnd; sahwith; parikramyawalking; halaah!; pekkhi-adushould be seen; dehineto the south; esashe; durado from faw away; sevva-eSaibya; samamwith; sappantitalking; paumaPadma. Lalit: (walks with Vnd) Ah! Look! Way over there in the south Padma is talking with Saibya. Text 7 (w) vnd: sakhi nasangatam vyahared visakha. (ity agrato gatva savimarsam). sakhi paramautsukya-sambhutena bhurina sambhramena sambhedite rdhik-vinayam anirdharya turnam avam viduram agate. tad atra ganga-pare paurnamasim ksanam pratipalayavah. (iti niskrante). sakhiO friend; nanot; asangatama lie; vyaharetwill speak; visakhaVikh; itithus; agratahahead; gatvagoing; sawith; vimaramreflecting; sakhiO friend; paramasupreme; autsukyaof eagerness; sambhutenamanifested; bhurinawith great; sambhramenaexcitement; sambheditebewildered; rdhikof

Rdhik; vinayamthe going; anirdharyawithout understanding; turnamquickly; avamwe both; viduramfar away; agatehave come; tattherefore; atrahere; gangaof the river; pareon the farther shore; paurnamasimPaurams; ksanamfor a moment; pratipalayavahlet both wait; itithus; niskrantethey both exit. Vnd: Friend, Vikh will not lie. (Goes ahead, and then reflects) Friend, we were so excited and eager that even without knowing whether Rdh will come we have quickly gone a great distance. Let us wait here for a moment on the farther shore of the Yamuna. (They both exit). Text 7 (x) (tatah pravisatah padma-saibye). tatahthen; pravisatahenter; padmaPadma; saibyeand Saibya. (Padma and Saibya enter). Text 7 (y) padma: sahi sevve ma kkhu dummana hohi. sahiO friend; sevveSaibya; madon't; kkhuindeed; dummana unhappy; hohibe. Padma: Friend Saibya, don't be unhappy. Text 7 (z) saibya: pa-ume paramahitthassa alahena salahavam cittam samadhatum na kkhamamhi. pa-umeO Padma; paramasupreme; ahitthassaof the desire; alanhenaby the non-attainment; salahavamunhappy; cittam heart; nanot; kkhamaable; amhiI am.

Saibya: Padma, because I was not able to attain my greatest desire, I am not able to pacify my unhappy heart. Text 7 (aa) (nepathye) pa-ume canda-ali anijja-u go-addhanassa pasammi jhatti. nivvatta-i vaccha jaha kusumehim sunevaccha. nepathyebehind the scenes; pa-umeO Padma; canda-ali Candravali; anijja-ushould be taken; go-addhanassaof Govardhana Hill; pasammito the side; jhattiat once; nivvatta-imay be; vaccha the child; jahaas; kusumehimwith flowers; sunevacchanicely decorated. A Voice From Behind the Scenes: Padma, Candravali should at once be taken to the slope of Govardhana Hill, there my child may be nicely decorated with flowers. ******************** what happened to Text 7 (bb)????? ***************** ****************** Text 7 (cc) saibya: pa-ume sudam jam ajji-a karala tam jjevva jappa-garalam puno uggiradi. pa-umeO Padma; sudamheard; jamwhat; ajji-athe noble lady; karalaKarala; tamthat; jjevvacertainly; jappaof words; garalampoison; punoagain; uggiradispits. Saibya: Padma, now we have heard the noble Karala again spitting out poison words. Text 7 (dd) padma: hala ami-am kkhu edam jam pivi-a uvaladdha-balamhi jada.

halaah!; ami-amnectar; kkhuindeed; edamthis; jamwhich; pivi-adrinking; uvaladdhaattained; balastregnth; amhiI am; jadamanifested. Padma: Ah, this is nectar. Drinking it, I have regained my stregnth. Text 7 (ee) saibya: (sa-vailaksyam) hala kadham vi-a. sawith; vailaksyambewilderment; halaah!; kadhamhow?; vialike that. Saibya: (Bewildered) How is that? Text 7 (ff) padma: muddhi-e go-addhanassa girino pase jevva tam gauritittham. muddhi-eO bewildered girl; go-addhanassaof Govardhana; girinoHill; paseon the side; jevvacertainly; tamthat; gaurititthamGauri-tirtha. Padma: O bewildered girl, Gauri-tirtha is by the side of Govardhana Hill. Text 7 (gg) saibya: (sa-harsam) sa-alattha-pandidasi. ta utthehi. canda-aliam tattha nemha. sawith; harsamhappiness; sa-alaof all; atthapurposes; pandidaa learned schorlar; asiyou are; tatherefore; utthehirise; canda-ali-amCandravali; tatthathere; nemhawe shall bring.

Saibya (With happiness) In understanding how to achieve one's desires you are the most learned scholar. Arise! Let us both bring Candravali to that place. Text 7 (hh) padma: padhamam cce-a canda-ali ma-e calida. ta tuvarehi. nam anusaramha. padhamamat first; cce-acertainly; canda-aliCandravali; ma-e by me; calidawas sent; tatherefore; tuvarehihurry; namHer; anusaramhalet us both follow. Padma: I already sent Candravali there. Hurry! Let us follow her. Text 7 (ii) (ity ubhe parikramatah). itithus; ubheboth; parikramatahwalk). (They both walk). Text 7 (jj) saibya: pa-ume gauri-kide jo kkhu sampadido so kahim uvaharo. pa-umeO Padma; gauriof Gauri; kidefor the sake; jowhich; kkhuindeed; sampadido so kahim uvaharo. pa-umeO Padma; gauriof Gauri; kidefor the sake; jowhich; kkhuindeed; sampadidoprepared; sothat; kahimwhere; uvaharo the offering. Saibya: Padma, where is the offerings prepared for Gauri? Text 7 (kk) padma: mahumangala-hatthe samappidotthi.

mahumangalaof Madhumangala; hatthein the hand; samappidotthiwas placed. Padma: It was placed in the hand of Madhumangala. Text 7 (ll) saibya: vivakkah-ulassa ukkarisam takki-a uttamami. vivakkhaof our rivals; ulassaof the community; ukkarisamthe superior position; takki-aconsidering; uttamamiI become despondent. Saibya: When I consider the better position of our rivals, I wilt with despair. Text 7 (mm) padma: ma kkhu uttamma. jam eta-e mala-e damsida-e nirajjhavasa-o kido ma-e vivakkha-pakkho. madon't; kkhuindeed; uttammabecome unhappy; jam because; eta-ewith this; mala-egarland; damsida-eshown; nirajjhavasa-odisheartened; vivakkhaof rivals; pakkhaothe party. Padma: Don't be unhappy. By showing them this garland, I have completely disheartened our rivals. Text 7 (nn) (saibya sa-harsam padmam alingati). saibyaSaibya; sawith; harsamjoy; padmamPadma; alingati embraces. (Saibya jubilantly embraces Padma). Text 7 (oo)

padma: sauhagga-punnimahe gauri-titthamhi phullide mahuna ajja ramantim harina suhena canda-alim pekkha sauhagga-punnimaheon Saubhagya purnima; gauri-titthamhiat Gauri-tirtha; phullidefilled with blossoms; mahunawith sweetness; ajjanow; ramantimenjoying pastimes; harinawith Ka; suhena happily; canda-alimCandravali; pekkhalook! Padma: On Saubhagya-purnima, at Gauri-tirtha filled with sweetly blossoming flowers, look at Candravali happily enjoying transcendental pastimes with Lord Ka. Text 8 (a) (nepathye sauhagga-punnimahe ity adi pathyate). nepathyebehind the scenes; sauhagga-punnimahe iti adithe verse beginning with the words "sauhagga-punnimahe"; pathyateis recited. (From Behind the Scenes this verse, beginning "sauhaggapunnimahe", is recited). Text 8 (b) saibya: (sadbhutam vilokya) hala ima-e muham vanki-kadu-a biaccha-sarena pathanti-e kakkhadi-a-e amhe uvahasijjamha. sawith; adbhutamwonder; vilokyalooking; halaah!; ima-e by this; muhammouth; vanki-kadu-amaking crooked; bi-accha hideous; sarenawith a voice; pathanti-ereciting; kakkhadi-a-eby Kakkhatika; amhawe both; uvahasijjamhaare mocked. Saibya: (Struck with wonder, looks). Aha! Making her mouth crooked, the old monkey Kakkhati recites this verse in a hideous voice. In this way she is mocking us.

Text 8 (c) padma: (sa-smitam) dutthe makkadi tundam de dahissam. sawith; smitama smile; dutthewicked; makkadimonkey; tundammouth; deyour; dahissamI will burn. Padma: (With a smile) Wicked monkey, I will set fire to your mouth! Text 8 (d) (nepathye) pa-umi-e cittha cittha. sunnam tujjha gharam gadu-a na-ani-a-im gilissam. nepathyebehind the scenes; pa-umi-ePadma; citthamstay; citthastay; cunnamempty; tujjhayour; gharamhouse; gadu-a going; na-ani-amfresh butter; gilissamI will eat. A Voice From Behind the Scenes: Padma, stay right there! Stay right there! No one is at your house. I'm going there, and I'll eat all the fresh butter. Text 8 (e) saibya: hala saccam gilissadi jam esa tam cce-a padhanti dhavida. halaah!; saccamtruth; saccamtruth; gilissadiwill eat; jam because; esashe; tamthis; evacertainly; pathantireciting; dhavitawill run. Saibya: Ah! It's true! It's true! She runs even as she speaks. Text 8 (f) padma: ma cintehi, ghare ajji-a karala citthadi. (iti parikramya sanskrtena). paya paya

saci-krtangam iha savya-karena yastim vistabhya vtta-saralam upakaksa-kupam tisthann adho vitapinah pasu-vnd-cari rariti gitim adhuna subalas tanoti madon't; cintehiworry; ghareat home; ajji-athe noble Karala; karalaKarala; citthadistays; itithus; parikramyawalking; sanskrtenain Sanskrit; payalook!; payalook!; saci-krtatilted; angambody; ihahere; savyaleft; karenawith the hand; yastim on the staff; vistabhyaresting; vtta-saralamstraight; upakaksakupamarm; tisthanstanding up; adhahbeneath; vitapinaha tree; pasuof cows; vndthe multitude; cariherding; ra-rira-ri; itithus; gitima song; adhunanow; subalahSubala; tanotidoes. Padma: Don't worry, noble Karala is at home. (Walks and then says in Sanskrit:) Look! Look! His body leaning on the straight staff pressed against His left a right arm and left hand, Subala stands beneath a tree, herding the cows, and singing "ra-ri". Text 9 (a) saibya: (parikramya) hala puvvena sankarisana-kudam canda-ali disa-i. parikramyawalking; halaah!; puvvenain the east; sankarisanakundamSankarsana-kunda; canda-aliCandravali; disa-iis seen. Saibya: (Walking) I see Candravali to the east of Sankarsanakunda. Text 9 (b) padma: (sa-harsam sanskrtena). ayam purah smera-mukharavinda prayana-lila-krta-kumbhi-ninda kalevara-dyoti-hrtaksi-tandram candravalim vindati kacandra sawith; harsamhappiness; sanskrtenain Sanskrit; ayamHe; purahin the presence; smerasmiling; mukhaface; aravindah lotus flower; prayanaof walking; lilaby the pastimes; krtadone;

kumbhiof the elephant; nindahcriticism; kalevaraof the body; dyotiby the luster; hrtastolen; aksiof the eyes; tandrah sleepiness; candravalimCandravali; vindatifinds; kacandrah the moon of Ka. Padma: (With happiness, in Sanskrit) His smiling face as beautiful as a lotus flower, His playful steps criticizing the gracefulness of the elephants, and the splendor of His bodily luster robbing the eyes of their fatigue, the moon of Ka has now found the many moons of Candravali. Text 10 (a) (tatah pravisati kam candravali ca). tatahthen; pravisatienters; kahKa; candravali Candravali; caand. (Ka and Candravali enter). Text 10 (b) ka: (vartmarvarudhya) priye distyadya saundaryamakaranda-bhrngarayitasi mamaksi-bhrngayoh. vartmathe path; avarudhyablocking; priyeO beloved; distya by good fortune; adyanow; saundaryaof beauty; makarandaof the honey; bhrngarayitabecome a pitcher; asiyou have; mamaof Me; aksiof the eyes; bhrngayohfor the two bumble-bees. Ka: (Blocking the path) O beloved, you have kindly assume this form of a pitcher of the honey of beauty for the two bumble-bees of My eyes. Text 10 (c) candravali: munca maggam. jam gauri-tittham gadu-a kacca-aniam accissam.

muncagive up; maggamthe path; jambecause; gauri-tittham to Gauri-tirtha; gadu-agoing; kacca-ani-amDurga; accissamI shall worship. Candravali: Get out of my way! I am going to Gauri-tirtha where I shall worship Goddess Durga. Text 10 (d) ka: (sa-smitam) labdham mam avalokya tanvi purato romalir abhyudgata netre padya-vidhim ksaraj-jala-bharaih prityarpayam cakratu vaksas ca skhalad-uttariyam adisad divyasanam sambhramad vamayas tava daksinah parikaro distyadya vtto mayi sawith; smitama smile; labdhamobtained; mamMe; avalokyaseeing; tanviO slender girl; puratahin the presence; romaof hairs; alihthe series; abhyudgatastands up; netrethe eyes; padya-vidhimwater for washing the feet; ksaratstreaming; jalaof water; bharaihwith an abundance; prityawith love; arpayam cakratuhoffer; vaksahthe chest; caalso; skhalat slipping; uttariyambodice; adisatshows; divyasplendid; asanam a seat; sambhramatfrom excitement; vamayahcontrary; tavaof you; daksinahfriendly; parikarahfollowers; distyaby good fortune; adyanow; vttahengaged; mayitowards Me. Ka: (Smiling) Seeing Me, the hairs of your body rise out of respect, your eyes affectionately offer many tears as padya to wash My feet, and your breasts allow their bodice to slip a little to show Me a splendid place to sit. O slender girl, even though you are crooked and hostile, your friends have been very polite and kind to Me. Text 11 (a) sakhya: (upasrtya) sahi santi bhurino magga. ta ekassim niruddhe niruddha na homhi. sakhyauthe two gopi-friends; sahiO friend; santithere are; bhurinomany; maggapaths; tatherefore; ekassimwhen one; niruddheis blocked; niruddhastopped; nanot; homhido we become.

The two Gopi-friends: (Approaching) Friend, there are many paths. When one is blocked we are stopped from taking the others. Text 11 (b) candravali: (saci-grivam alokya) hala ditthi-a tumhehim sahidamhi samvutta. sacitilting; grivamneck; alokyalooks; halaah!; ditthi-aby good fortune; tumhehimby you; sahidamhiassisted; amhi samvutta I am. Candravali: (Tilting her neck, she looks) Ah! Fortunately you are helping me. Text 11 (c) ka: (svagatam) katham adya rdhbhisisarayisor mamantike candravalir upasthita. svagatamaside; kathamhow is it?; adyanow; rdhwith Rdh; abhisisarayisohdesiring to meet; mamaof Me; antika nearby; candravalihCandravali; upasthitastands. Ka: (Aside) How is it that even though I yearn to meet with Rdh, it is Candravali who has come to Me? Text 10 (d) padma: (janantikam) candamuha pa-umavalambi-kara-e tti tuha manordhm suni-a chalena ma-e canda-ali lambhide. janathe person; antikamnear; candamuhaO moon-faced one; pa-umaof Padma; avalambiresting; kara-ein the hand; ttithus; tuhaof You; manordhmthe desire; suni-ahearing; chalenaby a trick; ma-eby me; canda-aliCandravali; lambhidabrought.

Padma: (Aside to Ka) When I heard You say "The girl who holds Padma's hand" I could undertand Your desire, so by a trick I have brought Candravali to You. Text 11 (e) ka: (svagatam) am jnatam. padma-mandanam abhilasyatah mayaiva dattantarasi. kim te dusanam. (prakasam) sakhi prasiddhaiva padmayah padmanabha-paksa-patita. svagatamaside; amyes; jnatamunderstood; padmaof a lotus flower; mandanaman ornament; abhilasyatadesiring; mayaby Me; evacertainly; dattagiven; antarawith an opportunity; asi you are; kimwhat?; teof you; dusanamthe fault; prakasam openly; sakhiO friend; prasiddhafamous; evacertainly; padmayah of Padma; pradmanabhaof Ka; paksa-patitafriendship. Ka: (Aside) Yes. I understand. I wished to have a padma-lotus ornament, and you misunderstood what I had said. Is that your fault? (Openly) Friend, Padma's friendship for Ka is very famous. Text 11 (f) padma: aho turidam gauri-tittham lambhehi canda-ali-am. adonow; turidamquickly; gauri-titthamto Gauri-tirtha; lambhehitake; canda-ali-amCandravali. Padma: Now quickly take Candravali to Gauri-tirtha. Text 11 (g) ka: (svagatam) candravaler agatir eva rdhikodyamapratibandhini vtta. tad enam eva nirvyalika-bhavam tavat pramodayan svam mano vinodayami. svagatamaside; candravalehof Candravali; agatihthe arrival; evacertainly; rdhikof Rdhik; udyamathe effort; pratibandhini thwarting; vttais; tattherefore; enamher; evacertainly; nirvalikasincere; bhavamwhose love; tavatthen; pramodayan pleasing; svamown; manahheart; vinodayamiI shall please.

Ka: (Aside) The arrival of Candravali will certainly check Rdh from coming here. Candravali's love for Me is sincere. Let Me give pleasure to My own heart by making her happy. Text 11 (h) (prakasam) dhrta-padmotsava-santatir alabdha-dosodaya sada sphurati sakhi ka-paksa-purna candravlir adbhuta tvam asi prakasamopenly; dhrtabelt; padmaof Padma; utsavaof jubilant festivals; santatiha multitude; alabdhanot attained; dosa of faults; udayathe arisal; sadaalways; sphuratiis manifested; sakhiO friend; kaof Ka; paksaat the side; purnafull; candravalihCandravali; adbhutawonderful; tvamyou; asiare. (Openly) O friend, You give a great festival of happiness to Padma. You are always faultless, and You are filled with happiness to remain at Ka's side. O Candravali, you are wonderful. Note: If "padma" is interpreted to mean "lotus flowers", "kapaksa" to mean "the dark fortnight", and "candravali" to mean "a row of moons", then the verse reveals the following meaning: "O friend, you are a wonderful row of faultless, wonderful moons that bring a great festival of happiness to the lotus flowers, and that always remain full, even during the dark fortnight". Text 12 (a) (ity agre parikramya) kurangaksi paya kananasya kamaniyatam. itithus; agreahead; parikramyawalking; kuranga-aksiO doeeyed girl; payalook; kananasyaof the forest; kamaniyatamat the beauty. (Walking ahead) O doe-eyed girl, look at the beauty of the forest.

Text 12 (b) padma: hala eso purado suranga-nama kanhassa kurango. jassa gharini sa kidatthi rangini nama kurangi. halaah!; esohe; puradoin the presence; surangaSuranga; namanamed; kanhassaof Ka; kurangothe pet deer; jassaof him; gharinithe wife; sashe; kidatthiis; ranginiRangini; nama named; kurangithe doe. Padma: Ah! Here is Ka's pet deer, whose name is Suranga. His wife is the doe name Rangini. Text 12 (c) ka: (sa-cakitam nepathye karnam dattva svagatam) nunam agata rdh yad ayam rangini-kantha-dhvanir darodancati. sawith; cakitamapprehension; nepathyein the direction of behind the stage; karnaman ear; dattvaplacing; svagatamaside; nunamis it not?; agataarrived; rdhRdh has; yatbecause; ayamthis; ranginiof Rangini; kanthaof the throat; dhvanihthe sound; darafaintly; udancatiarises. Ka: (Apprehensively) points an ear in the direction of behind the stage, and says to Himself:) Soft sounds from the throat of Rangini now arise. Does this not mean that Rdh has also come? Text 12 (d) padma: kadham eso surango dakkhinahimuham dha-ido. kadhamwhy?; esohe; surangoSuranga; dakkhina-ahimuham in the sourthern direction; dha-idoruns. Padma: Why is Suranga suddenly running to the south? Text 12 (e)

ka: (punar atma-gatam) nistankitam eva rangini-kanthasabdenayam akrstah kurango gauri-tirtham jagama. sankarsanatirtha-tira-vana-lekhayam vilambamanah ksanam udarkam yami. punahagain; atma-gatamto Himself; nistankitawithout fear; evacertainly; ranginiof Rangini; kanthaof the throat; sabdenaby the sound; ayamhe; akrstahattracted; kurangahthe deer; gauritirthamto Gauri-tirtha; tiraby the shore; vana-lekhayamin the grove of trees; vilambamanahresting; ksanamfor a moment; udarkamto the future; yamiI shall go. Ka: (Again to Himself) Attracted by the sound of Rangini's voice, the deer has now gone to Gauri-tirtha. I shall wait for a while in the forest by Sankarsana-tirtha. Text 12 (f) padma: na-a-pa-umini-sahassam ahamana-rasuttaranga-vitthari u-a go-ulam vi-a puro saro-aram rehadi ppharam na-anew; pa-uminihosts of lotus flowers; sabassamthousands; ahamanapurifying sins; rasanectar water; uttarangawith waves; vittharifilled; u-alook!; goof cows; kulama herd; vi-alike; puro in the presence; saro-aramthe lake; rehadiis manifested; ppharamlarge. Padma: Filled with thousands of new lotus flowers, and nectar waves that wash away all sins, this beautiful large lake appears like a great herd of surabhi cows. Note: If the word "ahamana" is interpreted to mean "Of Ka, the killer of Aghasura", "pa-umini" to mean "lotus-like girls", "rasa" to mean "the nectar of transcendental mellows", and "gokula" to mean "Gokula village", then the verse may be interpreted in the following way. "This beautiful large lake appears like Gokula village, which is filled with thousands of lotus like beautiful girls, and tossed about by the waves of nectarean transcendental love for Lord Ka".

Text 13 ka: priye paya paya mitre vicitram anuraga-bharam vahanti samvardhitali-nikara sva-rasodayena sat-karnikojjvala-rucir bhuvane samantal laksmin tanoti bhavativa sarojiniyam priyeO beloved; payalook!; payalook!; mitreto the sun; vicitramwonderful; anuragaof love; bharaman abundance; vahanticarrying; samvardhitaincreased; aliof bumble-bees; nikarathe swarms; svaown; rasanectar; udayenaby the arisal; satbeautiful; karnikaof the whorl; rucihthe splendor; bhuvanein the lake or world; samantatin all directions; laksminbeauty; tanoti manifests; bhavatiyou; ivalike; sarojinilotus; iyamthis. Ka: Beloved, look! Look! Bearing great and wonderful love for the sun, delighting the bumble-bees with its nectar, this lotus flower that has such a lovely whorl displays its beauty throughout the entire lake, just as you manifest your beauty throughtout the entire world. Note: If "mitre" is interpreted to mean "friend", "ali" to mean "gopi-friend", "karnika" to mean "earring", and "sarojini" to mean "lotuslike girl", the verse may be interpreted in the following way: "Beloved, look! Look! Bearing great and wonderful love for your intimate friend Ka, delighting your gopi-friends with the nectar of your friendship, you and are a lovely girl decorated with splendid earrings, you are a lotuslike girl displaying transcendental beauty throughtout the entire world". Text 14 (a) saibya: nam manoharam pa-uminim kisa kalanihi-malanam karedi. namthis; manoharambeautiful; pa-uminimlotus flower; kisa why?; kalanihithe moon of Ka; malanamwilting; karedidoes. Saibya: Why does the moon of Ka make this beautiful lotuslike girl with unhappiness.

Note: The padma lotus blooms in the moonlight, and closes its petals in the sunlight. Text 14 (b) padma: (candram upadisya sakutam) suranuratta-hi-a i-am pa-umini pasaridamo-a iha na tumam kkhana-ra-o tarahisa kkhivehi karam candramthe moon; upadisyaindicating; sawith; akutam meaning; surafor the sun; anurattawith love; hi-a-ain the heart; iamthis; pa-uminilotus flower; psaridamanifests; amo-a fragrance; ihahere; nanot; tumamyou; kkhanafor a moment; ra-oreddish; tarahisaO moon; kkhivehiextend; karamrays of light. Padma: (Pointing to the moon, she speaks the following meaningful words:) This fragrant lotus bear love in her heart for the sun. O moon who is red for only a moment, don't cast your moonlight upon here. Note: If "sura" is interpreted to mean "hero", "pa-umini" to mean "lotuslike girl", "amo-a" to mean "happiness" "ra-o" to mean "love", "tarahisa" to mean "O Lord of Rdh", and "karam" to mean "hand", then the verse may be interpreted in the following way: "This delightfully beautiful lotuslike girl bears sincere lover in her heart for the hero Ka. O Lord of Rdh, O Ka whose love for Candravali lasts for only a moment, don't place Your hand upon her". Text 15 (a) ka: padme natra tarapatir apardhyati. yad iyam padmini cancalaya padmaya sayam mucyamana mlayati. padmeO Padma; nanot; atrahere; apardhyatioffends; tarapatihthe moon; yatbecause; iyamthis; padminilotus flower; cancalayafickle; padmayagoddess of fortune Laksmi-devi; sa ayam she; mucyamanaabandons; mlayatiwilts.

Ka: O Padma, the moon is not at fault here. This lotus flower wilts because the fickle goddess of fortune, Laksmi-devi has abandoned her. Note: If "tarapatih" is interpreted to mean "Ka, the husband (pati) of Rdh (ara)", then the word "padmini" to mean "lotuslike girl", and the word "padma" to mean "Padma-gopi", then the verse may be interpreted in the following way: "O Padma, Ka is not at fault here. This lotuslike girl wilts with unhappiness because the fickle Padma has abandoned her". Text 15 (b) candravali: (sa-smitam puro vilokya sanskrtena) samada-madhupa-laulyotsekam alokya sanke vihasati latikali puspa-sobha-bharena visrjati makaranda-cchadmana baspa-bindun iyam ati-mrdur eka snehatah svarna-yuthi sawith; smitama smile; purahahead; vilokyalooking; sanskrtenain Sanskrit; sa-with; madaintoxication; madhupaof the bees; laulyaof greed; utsekamoverflowing; alokyaof creepers; alithe host; puspaof flowers; sobhaof beauty; bharenawith the abundance; visrjatiabandons; makarandaof honey; chadmanaon the pretext; baspaof tears; bindundrops; iyamthis; ativery; mrduhdelicate; ekaone; snehatahout of love; svarnagolden; yuthiyuthi flower. Candravali: (Smiling, she looks ahead, and says in Sanskrit:) I think the creepers have noticed the overflowing greed of the intoxicated bumble-bees, and the creepers are now laughing with the great beauty of their flowers. On the pretext of dripping honey, this one delicate golden yuthi flower sheds tears of love. Text 16 ka: priye paya paya ayam ucca-sirah kadamba-raja sphurad-indidira-vnd-vandi-gita

surabhi-kula-puccha-camaralimarudavijita-vigrahas cakasti priyeO beloved; payalook!; payalook!; ayamthis; ucca raised; sirahwhose head; kadambaof kadamba trees; rajahthe king; sphuratmanifested; indindiraof bumble-bees; vnrdaof the host; vandiby the poets; gitahglorified is song; surabhiof the surabhi cows; kulaof the herd; pucchaof the tails; camaraof camara wisks; aliof the multitude; marutby the breeze; avijita fanned; vigrahahwhose form; cakastiis manifest. Ka: Beloved, look! Look! Glorified by the songs of the bumblebee poets, and fanned by the camara wisks of the tails of the surabhi cows, the regal kadamba tree stands with head held high. Text 17 (a) candravali: amhahe lalida vundavana-lacchi. amhaheah!; lalidacharming; vundavanaof Vndvana; lacchi the beauty. Candravali: Ah! How enchanting is the beauty of Vndvana forest. Note: The word "lalita" here means "enchanting". If the word "lalita" is interpreted to mean "the gopi Lalit" and the word "laksmi" is interpreted to mean "goddess of fortune", then statement becomes: "Ah! Lalit-gopi is the beautiful goddes who presides over Vndvana forest." Text 17 (b) (tatah pravisati lalita vnd ca). tatahthen; pravisatienters; lalitaLalit; vndVnd; ca and. (Lalit and Vnd enter). Text 17 (c)

lalita: (puro drstva sa-vyatham) kakkhadam purado sankadam eso. purahahead; drstvalooking; sawith; vyathamagitation; kakkhadamhard; puradoahead; sankadamdifficulty; esothis. Lalit: (Looking ahead, she becomes disquieted) This is a great calamity. Text 17 (d) vnd: hanta durlanghya-sasana kila karala. tat katham adya padmayatra candravalir upanita. hantaindeed; duhdifficult; langhyato jump over; sasana order; kilaindeed; karalaKarala; tattherefore; kathamhow is it?; adyanow; padmayaby Padma; atrahere; candravalihCandravali; upanitawas brought. Vnd: It is not easy to jump over Karala's order. How then has Padma been able to bring Candravali here? Text 17 (e) lalita: hala sa-ala-vijja-vi-addhasi. ta kaddhehi ido kanham. halaaha!; sa-alaall; vijjaof mystic sciences; vi-addha-learned; asiyou are; tatherefore; kaddhehiplease pull; idofrom this place; kanhamKa. Lalit: Ah! You know all the mystic sciences. Pull Ka out of this place. Text 17 (f) vnd: svasya prema-maninam gaurava-bhajam iyam vara yatri

harina pariharaniya katham nu candravali bhavita svasyaown; premaof love; maninamof the jewels; gaurava greatness; bhajampossessing; iyamthis; varaexalted; yatri receptacle; harinaby Ka; pariharaniyato be removed; katham how is it?; nuindeed; candravaliCandravali; bhavitawill be. Vnd: Candravali is a treasure chest of the most valuable jewels of love for Lord Ka. How shall we convince Lord Ka to leave her? Text 18 lalita: (sanskrtena) yasyopalabhya gandham gaurava-kulam asu cauravad bhramati udbhatam anuraga-bhatam tam ranjita-nagaram naumi sanskrtenain Sanskrit; yasyaof whom; upalabhyaperceiving; gandhamthe fragrance; gauravaof importance; kulamthe abundance; asuat once; cauraa thief; vatlike; bhramatigoes; udbhatamexcellent; anuragaof love; bhatamthe warrior; tamto him; ranjitapassionate; nagaramhero; naumiI offer my respectful obeisances. Lalit: (In Sanskrit) I offer my respectful obeisances to the powerful warrior that is Rdh's love for Ka. The slightest scent of the presence of that warrior makes the elder of modesty and morality flee as if they were so many thieves. Text 19 (a) vnd: sakhi yuktam bravisi. kintu daksinya-mudreyam candravalya kasya tatah khalv amum durakarsam kathayami. sakhiO friend; yuktamrightly; bravisiyou speak; kintu however; daksinyaof politeness; mudrathe mark; iyamthis; candravalyawith Candravali; kasyaof Ka; tatahtherefore; amumthis; duh-akarsamdifficult to pull out; kathayamiI say.

Vnd: Friend, you speak rightly. Still, Ka is now showing kindness to Candravali. Therefore I say it will be difficult to pull Him away from her. Text 19 (b) lalita: vunde saccam bhanasi. ta imassim accahide kim saranam. vundeO Vnd; saccamthe truth; bhanasiyou speak; ta therefore; imassimin this; accahidecatastrophe; kimwhat?; saranamis the shelter. Lalit: Vnd, you speak the truth, What will be our shelter in this calamity? Text 19 (c) vnd: prathamam gosthim avisya tattvam avadharayavah. prathamamfirst; gosthimthe group; avisyaentering; tattvam the truth; avadhayavahwe shall determine. Vnd: First let us enter their circle, then we may understand the truth of what has happened. Text 19 (d) (ity ubhe parikramatah). itithus; ubheboth; parikramatahwalk. (They both walk). Text 19 (e) saibya: (vilokya janantikam) hala pa-ume hanta nunam gauri-titthe rahi sangada. pekkha tad disado lalida miladi.

vilokyaseeing; jana-antikamto a single person; halaah!; paumePadma; hantaindeed; nunamis it not?; gauri-tittheat Gauritirtha; rahiRdh; sangadais met; pekkhalook!; tattherefore; disadofrom that direction; lalidaLalit; miladimeets. Saibya: (Looks, and says to Padma) Ah! Padma! Is it not so that Rdh has gone to Gauri-tirtha? Look! Lalit is coming from that direction. Text 19 (f) padma: ka no hani jam harina dupparihara pi-a-sahi. kawhat?; nofor us; hanithe harm; jambecause; harinaby Ka; duppariharadifficult to be abandoned; pi-adear; sahiour friend. Padma: What harm is there for us? Ka will find it very difficult to leave our dear friend Candravali. Text 19 (g) lalita: (upasrtya) hala canda-ali vallaha-sinehanahinassa kurangisangha-bhu-angassa kurangassa ghare na kkhu amhehim ranginivasanijja. jam imina masabbhantare vi sa kala-sara-kumari na sumariadi ta ettha tumam sakkhinim kadum a-adamhi. upasrtyaapproaching; halaO!; canda-aliCandravali; vallaha of the lover; sinehaof the love; anahissaignorant; kurangiof does; sanghato the flock; ghareat home; nanot; kkhuindeed; amhehimby us; ranginiof Rangini; vasanijjacould stay at home reside; jambecause; iminaby him; masaa month; abbhantare within; vieven; sashe; kala-sara-kumarithe young black doe; na not; sumari-adiis remembered; tatherefore; etthahere; tumam to you; sakkhinima witness; kadumto make; a-adamhiI have come.

Lalit: (Approaching) O Candravali, that stag ignores the love of his beloved. And He has become a debauchee who loves all the does.

We should not allow the doe Rangini to stay in his house. I have come to you to bear witness that that stag has not remembered his beloved for an entire month. Text 19 (h) (candravali smayate). candravaliCandravali; smayatesmiles. (Candravali smiles). Text 19 (i) ka: (svagatam) hanta mad-artham agata lalita. (candravalim alokya chalam alambate. prakasam). lalite hrdayengitam avijnaya mudha surangam upalabhase. tad esa sandesas tvaya tasyam avedyatam. svagatamaside; hantaindeed; mat-arthamfor My sake; agata has come; lalitaLalit; candravalimat Candravali; alokya glancing; chalamof a trick; alambatetakes shelter; prakasam openly; laliteO Lalit; hrdayaof the heart; ingitamthe emotion; avijnayanot understanding; mudhauselessly; surangamSuranga; upalabhaseyou critise; tattherefore; esahthis; sandesah message; tvayaby you; tasyamto her; avedyatamshould be caused to be known. Ka: (Aside) Lalit has come for Me. (Glancing at Candravali, He decides to resort to a trick. He then says openly:) Lalit, you criticise Suranga unfairly. You do not know the actual desire within his heart. Please give this message to the doe Rangini: Text 19 (j) harinabhilasyamana saranga-ramani sada tvam atrasi tad amum tvad-vasa-hrdayam hrdayangama-locane viddhi

harinaby the deer; abhilasyamanadesired; sarangaof Saranga; ramaniO lover; sadaalways; tvamyou; atrahere; asiare; tat therefore; amumhim; tvatof you; vasaunder the dominion; hrdayamwhose heart; hrdayamto the heart; gamagoing; locane whose eyes; viddhiplease know. "O lover of the Saranga, the stag always desires you. O doe whose eyes penetrate the heart, please know that Suranga's heart is in your power. Note: If the words "harina" and "saranga" are interpreted to be names of Ka, then the verse may become: "O lover of Ka, Ka always desires you. Please know O girl whose eyes penetrate the heart, please know that Ka's heart is in Your power". Text 20 (a) padma: (janantikam) kanha appaano pi-a-janam laddhosi. ta juttam ajo-a-jogganam amhanam visajjanam. janathe person; antikamnear; kanhaO Ka; appanoof the sledge; pi-a-janambeloved; laddhosiYou have attained; ta therefore; juttamit is proper; ajo-a-jogganamwho are not qualified to associate with You; amhanamof us; visajjanamabandonment. Padma: (Only to Ka) Ka, now You have attained Your beloved. Now You may abandon us, who are not qualified to associate with You. Text 20 )b) ka: karavani hanta divyam divyangi madonnatasu gopisu anuragitam sakhi dadhe rdh-gandhisu na vamasu karavaniI do; hantaindeed; divyama vow; divyasplendid; angiwhose limbs; madawith pride; unnatasuraised; gopisu

among the gopis; anuragitamlove; sakhiO friend; dadheI place; rdhof Rdh; gandhisuwho bear the fragrance; nanot; vamasu contrary. Ka: O splendidly beautiful girl, friend, I vow that I have no love for the proud, crooked gopis who bear the fragrance of Rdh. Note: This verse may also be interpreted: "O splendidly beautiful friend, I vow that I love the jubilant gopis who bear the fragrance of Rdh. I have no love for Rdh's enemies". Text 21 (a) padma: (sa-darpa-smitam) sahi lalide accari-am accari-am. tumam kkhu anuraha bhanijjasi. ta kisa ajja raha-e u-a-am vina uidasi. sawith; darpapride; smitamsmiling; sahiO friend; lalide Lalit; accari-amwonderful; accari-amwonderful; tumamyou; kkhuindeed; anurahaAnuraha; bhanijjasiare called; tatherefore; kisawhy?; ajjanow; raha-eof Rdh; u-a-amthe appearance; vinawithout; u-idasiyou have appeared. Padma: (With a insolent smile) Friend Lalit, this is wonderful. Wonderful. You are called Anurdh because you always accompany Rdh-gopi. How is it that today you have come here without Rdh? Note: "Rdh" and "Anurdh" are also names of stars. Anurdh always follows the star Rdh. Text 21 (b) lalita: (sanskrtena) rolambi-nikurambam cumbati gandam pipasaya tasya sarati trsarta sarasim sa karindram tam punar na hi sa sanskrtenain Sanskrit; rolambiof bees; nikurambamthe swarm; cumbatikisses; gandamthe cheek; pipasayawith a desire to drink; tasyaof him; saratigoes; trsawith thirst; artahpained;

sarasimto the lake; sahhe; kariof elephants; indrahthe king; tamto him; punahagain; nanot; hiindeed; sathe lake. Lalit: (In Sanskrit) With great thirst the bumble-bees kiss the regal elephant's cheek. The thirsty elephant goes to the lake, but the lake does not to him. Note: In this little allegory Ka is the regal elephant, Candravali's friends are the bees, and Rdh is the lake. The kisses of Candravali's friends are simply an annoyance to the elephant Ka, who thirsts after Rdh. He pursues Rdh, but She does not pursue Him. Text 22 padma: ekkam dhimadi sevve paheli-am me saheli janehi citta-phala-ammi lihid ka reha-i mahavassa sada ekkamone; dhimadiO intelligent girl; sevveSaibya; paheli-am riddle; mefrom me; saheliO friend; janehiplease know; cittaof the heart; phala-ammion the drawing surface; lihidadrawn; ka what girl?; reha-iis manifested; mahavassaof Ka; sadaalways. Padma: O intelligent Saibya, hear this one riddle from me: What girl is always painted on the canvass of Ka's heart? Text 23 (a) saibya: sahi canda-ali. sahiO friend; canda-aliCandravali. Saibya: Friend, it is Candravali. Text 23 (b) vnd: (sa-smitam) sadhu vijnatam. candra-mandalavalimandanena citram khalu mapateh phalakam sata-candram acaksate.

sawith; smitama smile; sadhuwell; vijnatamunderstood; candraof moons; mandalaof circles; avaliwith a host; mandanena with the decoration; citramthe picture; khaluindeed; mapatehof Lord Visnu, the husband of the goddess of fortune; phalakamthe shield; sataa hundred; candrammoons; acaksatethey call. Vnd: (With a smile) You have understood perfectly. They call Visnu's shield is decorated with the pictures of many moons. For this reason they call His shield ("Satacandra (A hundred moons)". Note: Saibya said that Candravali is painted on the canvass of Ka's heart, although Vnd took "candravali" to mean merely "a host (avali) of moons (candra)", Vnd also interpreted the word "phalaka" to mean "shield" instead of "canvass". Text 23 (c) ka: (svagatam) avadata-sileyam. svagatamaside; avadatepure; silawhose character; iyam she. Ka: (Aside) This girl is very pure at heart. Text 23 (d) (candravali sa-lajjam apasavye prayati). candravaliCandravali; sawith; lajjamshyness; apasavyeto the left; prayatigoes. (Candravali shyly walks to the left). Text 23 (e) lalita: mama vaharehi vunde paheli-am dippa-heli-vinnane pi-a-sahi kim ahikkha-e likkhijja-i mahavo bhu-ane

mamamy; vyaharaplease do; vundeO Vnd; paheli-am riddle; dippabrilliant; heliin riddles; vinnaneO learned one; pi-a dear; sahifriend; kimwhat?; ahikkha-eby the name; likkhijja-iis perceived; mahavoKa; bhu-anein the world. Lalit: O dear friend Vnd, O brilliant unraveller of riddles, tell the meaning of my riddle: By what name if Madhava (Ka) known in this world? Text 24 (a) vnd: sakhi rdhbhikhyaya. sakhiO friend; rdhRdh; abhikhyayaby the name. Vnd: O friend, He is known by the name Rdh. Text 24 (b) ka: yuktam idam yad vaisakah-paryayau madhava-rdhu. yuktamcorrect; idamthis; yatbecause; vaisakhaof the month Vaisakha; paryayautwo synonyms; madhavaMadhava; rdhu and Rdh. Ka: This is correct. Madhava and Rdh are both synonyms for the month of Vaisakha. Text 24 (c) padma: sevve alam paheli-a-pasangena. suhavehi kamalikkhanarasehim attana-am. sevveO Saibya; alamenough!; paheli-a-sangenawith these riddles; suhavehifind happiness; kamalikkhanaof lotus-eyed Ka; rasehimwith the transcendental mellows; attana-amyourself.

Padma: Saibya, what is the need for all these riddles? Now you may taste the happiness of nectarean transcendental pastimes with lotus-eyed Ka. Text 24 (d) saibya: (kamalakaram vilokya) bhamarassa tava pamadam padosa-mudita kumuddadi kuna-i java i-am pa-umali vinda-i na hu ditthim edassa kamala-akaramat the pond of lotus flowers; vilokyalooking; bhamarassaof the bumble-bee; tavathen; pamadamhappiness; padosaat evening; muditablossoming; kumuddadithe water lily; kurutedoes; javauntil; i-amthis; pa-umalithe hosts of lotus flowers; vinda-ifinds; nanot; huindeed; ditthimthe glance; edassaof him. Saibya: (Looking at the lotus pond) Only as long as he does not notice the hosts of lotus flowers is the bumble-bee pleased by the water-lilies blooming in the evening. Note: If the word "kumuddadi" is interpreted as a name of Rdh, if "mudita" is interpreted to mean "jubilant", and if "padmali" is interpreted to mean "Candravali, the friend of Padma-gopi", and if the "bhramara" is interpreted to refer to Ka, then the verse may be undertood to mean: "Only as long as He does not notice Padma's friend Candravali is Ka pleased by jubilant Rdh in the evening". Text 25 padma: hala saccam bhanasi. tatha hi vijjodanti raha pekkhijja-i tava tara-alihim ga-ane tamala-same na java canda-ali phura-i halaah!; saccamthe truth; bhanasiyou speak; tatha hi furthermore; vijjodantishining; rahathe star Rdh; pekkhijja-iis seen; tavathen; tara-alihimwith the stars; ga-anein the sky; tamalaas a tamala tree; samedark; nanot; javaas long as; canda-alia host of moons; phura-iis manifested.

Padma: Ah! You speak the truth. Only as long as a host of moons do not rise in the sky as dark as a tamala tree, does the star Rdh and the other stars appear the shine brightly. Note: If "rdh" is taken to refer to Rdh-gopi, "candravali" to Candravali-gopi, tara-alihim to Taraka and other gopis" and "tamalasame" to Ka, whose complexion is dark as a tamala tree, the verse may be understood to mean: "Ah! You speak the truth. Only as long as Candravali does not appear before Ka, whose complexion is dark as a tamala tree, does Rdh, accompanied by Taraka and Her other gopi-friends, appear very beautiful". Text 26 lalita: (visasya. sanskrtena). sahacari vrsabhanujaya pradurbhave vara-tvisopagate candravali-satany api bhavanti nirdhuta-kantini vihasyalaughing; sanskrtenain Sanskrit; sahacariO friend; vrsabhanujayathe sun in Taurus; pradurbhavein the manifestation; varabeautiful; tvisawith bodily luster; upagatearrived; candravali of moons; satanihundreds; apieven; bhavantiare; nirdhuta eclipsed; kantinisplendor. Lalit: (Laughing, she says in Sanskrit:) My friend, the splendor of the sun in Taurus eclipses the shining of even hundred of moons. Note: If "vrsabhanuja" is interpreted to mean "Rdh, the daughter of Maharaja Vrsabhanu", and if "candravali" is interpreted to mean "Candravali", then the verse means: "My friend, the beauty of Rdh eclipses the splendor of hundreds of Candravalis". Text 27 (a)

ka: (smitva) kim vacatataya. sannikrstasya surabheh saurabhyam anubhuyatam. smitvasmiling; kimwhat is the use?; vacatatayathis abundant talking; sannikrstasyanearby; surabhehof springtime; saurabhyam the sweet fragrance; anubhyatamshould be experienced. Ka: (Smiling) What is the need for all these words? Let us simply enjoy the sweet fragrance fo the spring season. Text 27 (b) vnd: (sa-smitam) ullasati phulla-gatri ka valli natra madhave 'bhyudite tan-namatah prasiddham tathapi tam madhavim naumi sawith; smitama smile; ullasatiopens; phullablossoming; gatriwhose limbs; kawhat?; vallicreeper; nanot; atrahere; madhavewhen spring; abhyuditeappears; tatof him; namatah from the name; prasiddhamfamous; tatha apistill; tamto her; madhavimthe madhavi creeper; naumiI offer my respectful obeisances. Vnd: (With a smile) What creeper does not burts into flower when springtime appears? I bow down to offer my respectful obeisances to the madhavi creeper, which is personally named after spring (madhava). Note: If "madhava" is interpreted to be a name of Ka, and "madhavi" is interpreted to be a name of Rdh, and if "valli" is interpreted to mean "a beautiful girl as delicate as flowering creeper", then the verse may be interpreted to mean: "What beautiful girl as delicate as a flowering creeper does not feel her limbs blossom with happiness when Madhava (Ka) appears? I bow down to offer my respectful obeisances to Madhavi (Rdh), who is personally named after Lord Ka". Text 28 (a)

padma: (sa-vaimanasyam parikramyoccaih). hala canda-ali dhuttagotthi-range sangami-a vigghesa-janani-pu-ane kisa sidhilasi. sawith; vaimanasyamunhappiness; parikramyawalking; uccaih in a loud voice; halaah; canda-aliCandravali; dhuttos dhuttaof rascals; gotthi-rangein the company; sangami-aassociating; vigghesaof; jananiof Durga-devi, the mother of Ganesa; pu-anein the worship; kisawhy?; sidhilasislackened. Padma: (Unhappy, she walks and loudly exclaims) Ah! Candravali! Why have you given up the worship of goddess Durga, the mother of Ganesa? Why do you keep company with these rascals? Text 28 (b) ka: (sopalambham) candravalim mam anurudhyamanam runaddhi padme bhavati balena mallim tamalabhimukham milantim himsreva valli puratah karala sawith; upalambhamcensure; candravalimCandravali; mam Me; anurudhyamanamclinging; runaddhiyou stop; padmeO Padma; bhavatiyou; balenaforcibly; mallimjasmine creeper; tamalaa tamal tree; abhimukhamfacing; milantimmeeting; himsaraviolently; ivaas if; vallicreeper; puratahin the presence; karalakarala. Ka: (As a rebuke) Candravali loves Me, and you try to prevent her from approaching Me. O Padma, you are like a karala weed that prevents a jasmine creeper from approaching a tamala tree. Text 29 (a) (pravisya) karala: citthadha re citthadha. ditthi-a magge cce-a laddhattha. pravisyaenters; citthadhastop!; reOh!; citthadhastop!; ditthi-aby good fortune; maggeon the path; cce-acertainly; laddhatthaobtained.

(Enters) Karala: Stop! Oh, stop! By good fortune I have found you on this path. Text 29 (b) (sarvah paravtya sambhramam natayanti). sarvaheveryone; paravtyaturning; sambhramamagitation; natayantidisplay dramatically. (Everyone turns. They are fustrated). Text 29 (c) saibya: (apavarya) pa-ume haddhi haddhi. kadham ettha amhe vinnada buddhi-a-e. apavaryaaside; pa-umePadma; haddhialas!; haddhialas!; kadhamhow.; etthahere; amhewe; vinnadawe known; buddhia-eby the old woman. Saibya: (Aside) Padma! Alas! Alas! How did the old woman know we were here? Text 29 (d) karala: ammo saccam cce-a- jappidam ta-e nava-ni-a-lampada-e vuddha-makkadi-e. ammoaha!; saccamthe truth; cce-acertainly; jappidamwas spoken; ta-eby her; nava-ni-afor butter; lampada-egreedy; vuddhaold; makkadi-eby the monkey. Karala: Aha! The old monkey greedy after butter spoke the truth! Text 29 (e)

(padma sa-khedam saibya-mukham iksate). padmaPadma; sawith; khedamunhappiness; saibyaof Saibya; mukhamat the face; iksatelooks. (Padma unhappily glances at Saibya). Text 29 (f) lalita: (svagatam buddha-makkadi kakkhadi-e sakkaramakkhidam makkhanam de da-issam. svagatamaside; buddhaold; makkadimonkey; kakkhadi-e kakkhatika; sakkarawith sugar; makkhidammixed; makkahanam butter; deto you; da-issamI shall give. Lalit: (Aside) Old monkey Kakkhatika, I shall give you butter mixed with sugar. Text 29 (g) ka: (apavarya) priye tirodhanaya sthanam api te na payami. yata savye girih sphurati durgama-tunga-srngo gah palayaty ahaha daksinatas tatharya bhuh prsthato virahita vtibhih purastat krura vivesa jarati katamatra yukti apavaryaaside; priyeO beloved; torodhanayafor disappearing; sthanama place; apieven; tefor you; nanot; payamido I see; yatahbecause; savyeon the left; girihGovardhana Hill; sphurati is manifested; durgamadifficult of climb; tungalofty; srngahwith summits; gahthe cows; palayatiprotects; ahahaaha!; daksinatah on the right; tathain thay way; aryahthe noble person; bhuhthe earth; prsthatahbehind; virahitawithout; vtibhihbushes; purastat ahead; kruracruel; vivesahas entered; jaratithe old lady; katamawhat?; atrahere; yuktihsolution.

Ka: (Aside) Beloved, I don't see any place for hiding. On the left is Govardhana Hill, whose tall peaks are difficult to scale. On the right your noble husband is engaged in herding the cows. Behind us there are no bushes suitable for hiding. In front of us is this cruel old lady. What is the solution? Text 30 (a) candravali: (svagatam) hanta hanta. akande kakkhasa-e bhavidavvada candali-e candima. svagatamaside; hantaalas!; hantaalas!; akandesuddenly; kakkhasa-eharsh; bhavidavvathere may be; candali-eof the candala woman; candimaferocity. Candravali: (Aside) Alas! Alas! All of a sudden this harsh candala woman has become ferocious. Text 30 (b) karala (samrambham abhiniya) pecchadha bho pecchadha imassa kusuma-tella-kajjalajalakassa kala-bhu-anga-bha-ankara loanancalassa sancalassa bhu-angattanam. jam varaha-maggam gamido imina sa-alanam go-ula-kulangananam mangalo kula-dhammo. (iti sa-sirah-kampam drsau vispharya). are samala-a kassa esa ja-atti janasi. sunahi re nisankam sunahi. jo kkhu bho-indassa dudi-u-appa tassa maha-mallassa. samrambhamanger; abhiniyarepresenting dramatically; pecchadhalook!; bhoOh!; pecchadhalook!; imassaof Him; kusummafrom flowers; tellaof the oil; kajjalaja-alakassaof black mascara; kalaa black; bhu-angasnake; bha-ankarafearful; lo-ana of the eyes; ancalassaof the corners; sancalassamoving; bhuangattanamthe snakelike lust; jambecause; varaha-maggamto destruction; gamidobrought; iminaby Him; sa-alanamof all; goulaof Gokula; kula-angananamof the chaste girls; mangalo auspicious; kula-dhammochastity; itithus; sawith; sirahof the head; kampamshaking; drsaueyes; vispharyaopening wide; are O; samala-alusty girl; kassaof whom?; esathis; ja-atiwife; janasi you know; sunahilisten; reO; nisankamwithout doubt; sunahi listen; jowho; kkhuindeed; bho-indassaof Kamsa, king of the Bhojas; dudi-u-appathe second self; tassaof him; mahathe great; mallassawrestler.

Karala: (Angry) Look! Oh, look at the snakelike lust of this debauchee whose complexion is as dark as kusuma-taila mascara, and whose sidelong glance is as fearful as the glance of a black snake, He has destroyed the auspicious chastity of all the pious girls in Gokula. (Shaking her head and opening her eyes wide). O black boy, whose wife is this? Do You know? Listen! Carefully listen. This girl's husband is a great wrestler. He is the intimate friend of Kamsa, the king of the Bhojas. Text 30 (c) ka: karalike tatah kim. karalikeO Karala; tatahthen; kimwhat? Ka: Karala, so what? Text 30 (d) karala: (sa-krodham) saccam saccam tumam vana-majjhe appanam dudi-am ra-anam janasi. so cce-a ra-a-ula-gami gotthanaho appano laladam tadissadi. sawith; krdohamanger; saccamtruth; saccamtruth; tumam You; vanaof the forest; majjehin the middle; appanamself; dudiama second; ra-anamking; janasiYou think; sohe; cce-a certainly; ra-aof the king; kulainto the assembly; gamigoing; gotthanahothe king of the cowherds; appanohis own; laladam forehead; tadissadiwill strike. Karala: (Angry) Yes. Yes. In the middle of the forest you think that You have become another king. When He enters the assembly of the actual king, the king of the cowherds will strike His brow with regret. Text 30 (e) ka: karale tubhyam sape. candravalim vilokya sadhvasam gato 'ham udvegam asadayami.

karaleO Karala; tubhyamto you; sapeI swear; candravalim Candravali; vilokyaseeing; sadhvasamfear; gatahattained; aham I; udvegamtrembling; asadayamiattain. Ka: Karala, I swear to you: The sight of Candravali makes Me tremble with fear. Note: If "sadhvasam" is interpreted to mean "the state of not meeting", and "udvega" to mean "unahappiness", then the statement becomes: "Karala, I swear to you: When I gaze at Candravali I become unhappy that I cannot remain in her association". Text 30 (f) karala: (candravalim vilokya. samarsam) ha ni-unjojjarini akomara-sikkhida-kanhahisara-kosale samrambhonnaddha-govi-asahassocchitthahara-bimba-tinha-metta-viddhamsida-kulavvade cittha cittha. kim danim bha-esi. candravalimat Candravali; vilokyalooking; sawith; amarsam anger; haah!; ni-unjain the forest; ujjariniwho stays awake at night; akomarasince childhood; sikkhidataught; kanhawith Ka; ahisararendezvous; kosaleexpert; samrambhawith agitation; unnaddhafilled; govi-aof gopis; sahassaof thousands; ucchittharemnants; aharaof lips; bimbaof bimba fruits; tinha straw; mettaonly; viddhamsidadestroyed; kulavvadewhose chastity; citthastop! citthastops; kimwhether?; danimnow; bhaesiyou are afraid? Karala: (Looking at Candravali, she angrily says:) O girl who spends sleepless nights in the forest, O girl who since childhood has been expert at secretly meeting with Ka, O girl whose chastity has been destroyed simply by your thirst for Ka's bimba-fruit lips, which have already been tasted by thousands of gopis filled with amorous passion, stop! Stop! Have you become frightened? Text 30 (g)

lalita: ajje ko kkhu doso ji-ana-nahanugada-e paccima-disa-e. ko va dosavaharino surassa; kintu edanam arudha-ra-anam donam ra-am uspadi-a sangama-karini-e sanjha-kuttini-e cce-a- padosanubandhida ajjeO noble lady; kowhat?; kkhuindeed; dosofault; ji-ananahaof the lover, who is the lord of life; anudgada-eof the follower; pascima-disa-eof the western direction; kowhat?; vaor; dosa fault; avaharinofree from; surassaof the sun; kintuhowever; edanamof them; arudharisen; ra-anamredness; donamof them both; ra-amredness; upasadi-amanifesting; sangamatogether; karini-ebringing; sanjhaof sunset; kuttiniby the matchmaker; cceacertainly; padosathe evening; anubandhidarelationship. Lalit: O noble lady, what fault is there for the western horizon, who simply desired to follow the lord of her life, her husband Varuna? What fault is there for the sun, who personally removes the fault of the darkness of night? It is the sunset who has become the matchmaker bringing them both together and making them both red, who is at fault. Note: In this little allegory the western horizon is Candravali, the sun is Ka, and the sunset is Padma. The meeting of CandravaliKa is not be blamed on either Candravali or Ka. The blame goes to the matchmaker Padma. Text 30 (h) karala: jade saccam kadhesi. (iti praudham atopam natayanti). hanje pa-umi-e para-ghara-virahini kuttini-kamma-lampade ghantimandala-cakkavattini maha hatthado kaham mukkissasi. (iti yastim udyacchati). jadeO daughter; saccamthe truth; kadhesiyou speak; iti thus; praudhamgreat; atopampride; natayantirepresenting dramatically; hanjeO maidservant; pa-umi-ePadma; paraof others; gharathe homes; virahinibreaking up; kuttiniof a matchmaker; kammathe activities; lampadegreedy; ghantiof unchaste women; mandalaof the circle; cakkavattiniO queen; maha of me; hatthadofrom the hand; kahamhow?; mukkissasiyou will become freed; itithus; yastimthe staff; udyacchatiraises. Karala: Daughter, you speak the truth. (Showing great pride) O maidservant Padma, O girl expert at breaking up the homes of others,

O eager matchmaker, O queen of unchaste woman; How will you escape from my hand? (She raises her staff). Text 30 (i) padma: (paravtya) ajje na jane kisa kkhijjasi. amhehim tujjha sasanam ce-a kijjantam atthi. paravtyaturning; ajjeO noble lady; nanot; janeI understand; kisawhy?; khijjasiyou are unhappy; amhehimby us; tujjhaof you; sasanamthe order; ce-acertainly; kijjantambeing done; atthiis. Padma: (Turning from her) O noble lady, I do not understand why you have become so unhappy. We were simply following your orders. Text 30 (j) vnd: (svagatam) nunam dhurtaya sabda-cchalam alambitam padmaya. (prakasam) arye saila-mallayor namadvaitena bhranteyam mugdha bala. tad adya ksamyatam. svagatamaside; nunamis it not sot?; dhurtayaby the rascal; sabdaof words; chalama trick; alambitamrested upon; padmaya by Padma; prakasamopenly; aryeO noble lady; sailaof the hill; malayohand of the wrestler; namaof the names; advaitenaby being not different; bhrantabewildered; iyamthis; mugdhafoolish; balagirl; tattherefore; adyanow; ksamyatamshould be forgiven. Vnd: (Aside) Now the rascal Padma is speaking this tricky lie. (Openly) O noble lady, this foolish girl became bewildered because both the wrestler and the hill have the same name. For now, please forgive her. Note: Candravali's husband is named Govardhana. The hill in Vraja near Gauri-tirtha is also named Govardhana Hill. Karala told Padma to bring Candravali to Govardhana (The husband), but Padma broght her to Govardhana Hill instead. Text 30 (k)

(karala yastim vimuncati). karalaKarala; yastimthe staff; vimuncatiabandons. (Karala gives up teh staff). Text 30 (l) padma: (svagatam) lalide cittha cittha. tuha nikkidam kadum esa jadilam gacchanti mhi. (iti niskranta). svagatamaside; lalideO Lalit; citthastay; vitthastay; tuha of you; nikkidampayment in return; kadumto do; esathis girl; jadilamto Jail; gacchanti-going; mhiI am; itithus; niskranta exits. Padma: (svagatam) Lalit, you wait! You wait! Now I am going to Jail to pay you back. (She exits). Text 30 (m) karala: (candravalim alokya) ehi bho kudunga-kudumbgini. ehi. (iti candravalim adaya saibyaya saha niskranta). candravalimat Candravali; alokyaglancing; ehicome here; bho O; kudungain the forest; kudumbiniO housewife; ehicome; iti thus; candravalimCandravali; adayataking; saibyayaSaibya; saha with; niskrantaexits. Karala: (Glancing at Candravali) Come on, O housewife who goes to the forest,come on. (Taking Candravali with her, and accompanied by Saibya, she exits). Text 30 (n) ka: (socchvasam) vunde nunam sadhitarthasi. sawith; ucchvasama sigh; vundeO Vnd; nunamis it not so?; sadhitaaccompanied; arthayour purpose; asiyou are.

Ka: (sighs) Vnd, is it not that you have now achieved your aim? Text 30 (o) vnd: madhava rupini madhava-laksmir gauri-tirthe khelati. taya copadhautikam sarvasvam idam daronmudritam gandhaphalidvandvam. madhavaO Ka; rupinibeautiful; madhavaof springtime; laksmihthe goddess; gauri-tirtheat Gauri-tirtha; khelatienjoys pastimes; tayaby her; caalso; upadhaukitamoffered; sarvasvam the treasure; idamthis; daraslightly; unmudritambloomed; gandhaphaliof campaka flowers; dvandvampair. Vnd: O Ka, the graceful beauty of spring is now enjoying pastimes at Gauri-tirtha. She presents before You this gift of two very valuable, slightly blossomed campaka flowers. Note: If the word "madhava-laksmih" is interpreted to mean, "Rdh, the goddess who is the personified opulence of Lord Ka", then the statement reveals the following meaning: "O Ka, Sri Rdh, the beautiful goddess who is the personified opulence of and Lord Ka is now enjoying transcendental pastimes at Gauri-tirtha. She presents before You this gift of two very valuable, slightly blossomed campaka flowers". Text 30 (p) ka: (sanandam adaya) vunde yavad gavam carane vayasyan avadharya tatranusarami tavad bhavatibhyam agratah prasthiyatam. (iti niskrantah). sawith; anandamhappiness; adayataking; vundeO Vnd; yavatwhile; gavamof the cows; caranein the herding; vayasyan friends; avadharyaperceiving; tatrathere; anusaramiI shall follow; avatthen; bhavatibhyamof you both; agratahin the presence; prasthiyatamwill be situated; itithus; niskrantahexits.

Ka: (Happily takes the flowers). Vnd while I see how My friends are protecting the cows, you two go ahead. I shall follow there. Text 30 (q) vnd: (parikramya) lalite purah sambhavaya kadamba-samrajam. (ity upetya) hanta hanta sanke pankaja-sambhavo 'pi bhavatah saubhagya-bhangi-bharam vaktum na ksamate kadamba-nrpate vndtavi-dyotina puspair yasya rama-sahodaratayapy udbhasuram kaustubham durlilair avahelayadbhir abhitah saurer uras chadyate parikramyawalking; laliteO Lalit; purahahead; sambhavaya look; kadambaof kadamba trees; samrajamking; itithus; upetya approaching; hantaindeed; hantaindeed; sankeI think; pankajasambhavahthe demigod Brahma, who is born from a lotus flower; api even; bhavatahof you; saubhagya-bhangi-bharamthe great good fortune; vaktumto describe; nanot; ksamateis able; kadambaof kadamba trees; nrpateO king; vnd-ataviin the forest of Vndvana; dyotinahshining; puspaihwith the flowers; yasyaof whom; ramaof the goddess of fortune Laksmi; sahodaratayawith the status of being the brother; apieven; durlilaihmischievous; avahelayadbhihmocking; abhitahin all respects; saurehof Ka; urahthe chest; chadyateis covered. Vnd: (Walking) Lalit, look at the regal kadamba tree ahead. (Approaching) Ah! Ah! O regal kadamba tree, even the demigod Brahma, who is born from a lotus flower, cannot adequately describe your great good fortune. You beautiful this forest of Vndvana. Your flowers cover the chest of Lord Ka. Those mischievous flowers mock even the effulgent Kaustubha jewel, the brother of the goddess of fortune. Note: The Goddess of Fortune, and the Kaustubha jewel, were both from the ocean of milk, and therefore they are brother and sister. Text 31 (a) lalita: (puro vilokya) vunde i-am visaha-dudi-a bha-avadi ma-andakunje pracchannam citthadi.

purahahead; vilokyalooking; vundeO Vnd; i-amthis; visahaof Vikh; dudi-athe second; bha-avadithe noble Paurams; ma-andaof mango trees; kunjein the grove; pracchannamhidden; citthadistays. Lalit: (Looking ahead) Vnd, there is the noble Paurams, hidden in that grove of mango trees with Vikh. Text 31 (b) vnd: (lavanga-latantike rdhm vilokya) lalite paya paya kim itah susama vapusmati kim abhivyaktir alam guna-sriya athava pranayabhisampada kim iyam murtir udeti rdhik lavangaclove; latacreeper; antikenear; rdhmRdh; vilokyaseeing; laliteO Lalit; payalook!; payalook!; kim whether?; itahhere; susamabeauty; vapusmatipersonified; kimwhether?; abhivyaktihmanifestation; alamgreatly; gunaof transcendental virtues; sriyahthe opulence; athavaor; pranayaof love; abhisampadahthe opulences; kimwhether?; iyamthis; murtihmanifested; rdhikRdhik. Vnd: (Noticing Rdh by the clove creeper) Lalit, look! Look! Is this beauty personified? Is this the glory of transcendental virtue personified? Or is this Rdhik, the personification form of the greatness of transcendental love? Text 32 (punar nirupya) karnalankrta-kamala kuntala-veni-sikhac calat-kamala kara-kamalasrita-kamala vidambayaty alam asau kamalam punahagain; nirupyalooking; karnaear; alankrtadecorated; kamalalotus; kuntalahair; venibraids; sikhatfrom the top; calat moving; kamalalotuses; karain the hand; kamalalotus; asrita

resting; kamalalotus; vidambayatimocks; alamgreatly; asau She; kamalamLaksmi-devi. (Looking ahead) Her ears decorated with lotus flowers, a lotus swinging at the end of Her braided hair, a lotus resting in Her lotus hand, she puts even the goddess of fortune, Laksmi, to shame. Text 33 (nepathye) karnandolita-mugdha-puspa-kalika-dvandvah kadamba-sraja samvito murali-karambita-karas cudancale candrika durad esa manahsila-tilakina bhalena bibhrad dyutim murtah khelati hanta nanda-grhini-vatsalya-laksmi-rasa nepathyefrom behind the scenes; karnaon the ears; andolita swinging; mugdhacharming; puspaof flowers; kalikaof buds; dvandvaha pair; kadambaof kadamba flowers; srajawith a garland; samvitahendowed; muraliwith the flute; karambita mixed; karahwhose hand; cuda-ancalein His crown; candrikathe moonlight; duratfrom far away; esahHe; manahsilawith the red pigment manahsila; tilakinawith tilaka markings; bhalenawith the forehead; bibhratmanifesting; dyutimsplendor; murtah personified; khelatienjoys transcendental pastimes; hantaindeed; nandaof Nanda Maharaja; grhiniof the wife; vatsalyaof parental love; laksmiof the opulence; rasahthe nectar. A Voice From Behind the Scenes: Decorated with a garland of kadamba flowers, the flute in His hand, two charming flower-bud earrings swinging on His ears, tilaka drawn in the red pigment manahsila beautifying His forehead, and the moon shining in His hair, Sri Ka, the personified sweet nectar of Yasoda's great motherly love enjoys transcendental pastimes in the distance. Text 34 (a) lalita: nunam bha-avadi-e dure dittho kanho jam vanni-adi. nunamis it not so?; bha-avadi-eby the noble Paurams; dure from far away; ditthoseen; kanhoKa; jambecause; vanni-adi He is described.

Lalit: Has noble Paurams not seen Ka from far away? She is describing Him. Text 34 (b) vnd: lalite satyam avidura-varti madhuvairi. tatha hi sakhi kundali-krta-sikhanda-mandalo natatiha tandavika-dutir andaja na kadapi kamudireksanam vina mudireksane ksanam api svasity asau laliteO Lalit; satyamin truth; avidura-vartinot very far away; madhuvairiKa, the enemy of Madhu; tatha hifurthermore; sakhi O friend; kundali-krtacircled; natatidances; ihahere; tandavika Tandavika; hutihnamed; andajahthe bird; nanot; kada apiat any time; kaof Ka; mudirakhanjana birds; iksanewhose eyes; ksanamfor a moment; apieven; svasitibreathes; asauhe. Vnd: Lalit, in truth Ka is not far away. O friend whose eyes are restless are like khanjana birds, the peacock named Tandavika spreads his tail feathers and dances. Without seeing the dark cloud of Sri Ka, that peacock cannot bear the breathe and live for even a moment. Text 35 (a) lalita: sakhi dakkhinena punna-a-sandam pekkha punda-amandape nam. sakhiO friend; dakkhinenaon the south; punna-aof punnaga trees; sandamat the grove; pekkhaplease look; punda-ampundrakaof pundraka; mandapein the cottage; enamHim. Lalit: Friend, look at the grove of punnage trees by the cottage of madhavi creepers in the south. Text 35 (b)

vnd: (vilokya. sa-harsam). cakram vasi-krtavatah kila naicikinam vamsi-ninada-madhuna madhusudanasya abhira-sekhara-gatim pratipadayanti sobha babhuva parama paramasya yasti vilokyalooking; sawith; harsamhappiness; cakramthe circle; vasi-krtavatahcaptivating; kilaindeed; naicikinamof surabhi cows; vamsiof the flute; ninadaof teh sounds; madhunawith the honey; madhu-sundanasyaof Lord Ka, the killer of the Madhu demon; abhiraof cowherds; sekharaof the crown; gatimthe destination; pratipadayantiestablishing; sobhabeauty; babhuvais; parama supreme; paramasyaof the Supreme Personality of Godhead; yastih the staff. Vnd: (Looking, she happily says) With the honey of His flute music, the Supreme Lord Ka charms the surabhi cows. His supremely splendid staff is the sceptor that establishes His role as the king of the cowherd boys. Text 36 (a) lalita: na vuttam danim pi donam annonna-damsanam. ke-alam rangini-am pekkhi-a la-anga-kudangam pavisadi kanho. nanot; vuttamdone; danimnow; pieven; donamof the two; annonnaof each other; damsanamseeing; ke-alamonly; ranginiamRangini; pekkhi-aseeing; la-angaof clove creepers; kudangam the grove; pavisadienters; kanhoKa. Lalit: The two still have seen each other. Seeing only the doe Rangini, Ka enters the grove of clove creepers. Text 36 (b) vnd: paya paya vismaram parito hari-murtita parimalan upalabhya kalavati iyam itah sakhi pundraka-mandape smita-mukhi tanu-vallim apavrnot

payalook!; payalook!; vismaranemanating; paritahin all directions; hariof Ka; murtitahfrom the transcendental form; parimalanthe sweet fragrance; upalabhyaperceiving; kalavati intelligent Rdh; iyamShe; itahthere; sakhiO friend; pundraka of madhavi creepers; mandapein the cottage; smitasmiling; mukhi whose foul-mouth; tanubody; vallimcreepre; apavrnothid. Vnd: Look! Look! O friend, perceiving the sweet fragrance flowing from Ka's trasncendental body in all directions, intelligent Rdh, with a smile on Her face, hides the creeper of Her transcendental form in the cottage of madhavi creepers. Text 37 (punar nirupya. sa-kautukam). vyaktim gatabhir abhito bhuvi pamsulayam sadyah padanka-tatibhih kathitadhvano 'yam pascad upetya nayane kila rdhikya kamprena pani-yugalena harir dadhara punahagain; nirupyalooking; sawith; kautukamhappiness; vyaktimmanifestation; gatabhihattained; abhitahthere; bhuvion the earth; pamsulayamin the dust; sadyahimmediately; padaof the feet; ankaof the marks; tatibhihby the multitude; kathita described; adhvanahthe path; ayamHe; pascatfrom behind; upetyaapproaching; nayanetrembling; paniof hands; yugalena with the pair; harihKa; dadharaheld. (Again looking, she jubilantly says:) Rdhik's footprints in the dust announced to Lord Ka the direction She had taken. Approaching from behind, Ka covered Rdh's eyes with His trembling hands. Text 38 (a) lalita: hanta hanta esa pula-idangi vama lila-kamalena tadedi kamalekkhanam. hantaindeed; hantaindeed; esaShe; pula-idangithe hairs of Her body standing upright in ecstasy; vamathe crooked girl; lilatoy;

kamalenawith the lotus flower; tadedistrikes; kamala-ikkhanam lotus-eyed Ka. Lalit: The hairs of Her body standing erect in transcendental bliss, this crooked girl is now stricking lotus-eyed Ka with Her toy lotusflower. Text 38 (b) vnd: paya paya bhru-bhedah smita-samvto na hi na hity uktir madenakula visrantoddhati pani-rodha-racanam suskam tatha krandanam srsto yah sakhi rdhya muhur ayam sangopanopakramo bhavas tena hrdi sthito murabhidi vyaktah samantad abhut payalook!; payalook!; bhruof the eyebrows; bhedah knitting; smitaby a smile; samvtahcovered; nanot; hiindeed; nano; hiindeed; itithus; uktihstatement; madenaby happiness; akulaagitated; visranta-uddhatiweak; paniof the hands; rodhaof the obstruction; racanamcreation; suskamdry; tathain that way; krandanamcrying tears; srstahcreated; yah who; sakhiO friend; rdhyaby Rdh; muhuhrepeatedly; ayam this; sangopanaof concealment; upakramahthe attempt; bhavah love; tenaby this; hrdiin the heart; sthitahsituated; mura-bhidi for Ka, the killer of the Mura demon; vyaktahmanifested; samantatcompletely; abhutwas. Vnd: Look! Look! O friend Her frown revealing smiles, Her words of "No! No!" spoken with great happiness, weak resistance from Her hands, and, Her dry tears, although She repeatedly tries to conceal Her actual feelings, only clearly reveal the great love that Rdh bears for Lord Ka in Her heart. Text 39 lalita: pratikulyam iva yad vivrnvati rdhik-rada-nakharpanoddhura keli-karmani gata pravinatam tena tustim atulam harir yayau

pratikulyamhostility; ivaas if; yatwhich; vivrnvatidoing; rdhikSrimati Rdhrani; radawith Her teeth; nakhaand nails; arpanaplacing; uddhuravictorious; keliof amorous pastimes; karmaniin the activity; gataattained; pravinatamexpertise; tena by this; tustimpleasure; atulamincomparable; harihLord Ka; yayauattained. Lalit: Experty enjoying amorous pastimes, Srimati Rdhrani bites Lord Ka with Her teeth and scratches Him with Her nails,as if She has become His enemy. These activities bring Lord Ka incomparable pleasure. Text 40 Vnd: (vihasya) nairanjanyam upeyatuh parigalan modasruni locane svedodbhuta-vilepanam kila kuca-dvandvam jahau ragitam yugautsukyam agad urah sphurad iti preksyodayam sanginam rdhe nivir iyam tava slatha-guna sanke mumuksam dadhe vihasyalaughing; nairanjanyamwithout mascara; upeyatuh attain the condition; parigalattrickling down; modaof joy; asruni tears; locanein the eyes; svedaperspiration; udbhutamanifested; vilepanamwithout kunkuma; kucaof breasts; dvandvampair; jahaugave up; ragitamred color; yogato touch; autsukyam eagerness; agatattained; urahthe chest; sphuratmanifested; iti thus; preksyaseeing; udayammanifestation; sanginamof those that touch; rdheO Rdhrani; nivihundergarment; iyamthis; tavaYour; slathaloosened; gunastring; sankeI think; mumuksamthe desire for becoming free; dadheattained. Vnd: (Laughing) O Rdhrani, (Now that You have met Lord Ka) Your eyes are full of tears of joy that have washed away Your black mascara. (You have become so excited) that perspiration has washed away the red kunkuma adorning Your breasts. As You gaze at Lord Ka's chest. You yearn to embrace it. Your undergarment has also become loosened. I think it wishes to become untied altogether". Text 41 (a)

lalita: kadham edam vi-addha-mi-unam mahavi-kudangantaridam samvuttam. kadhamhow?; edamthis; vi-addhaexpert; mi-unamcouple; mahaviof madhavi creepers; kudangathe grove; antaridahidden; samvuttamis. Lalit: How has this expert couple become hidden in the grove of madhavi creepers? Text 41 (b) vnd: rdh-madhavayor medhyam keli-madhvika-madhurim dhayan nayana-bhrngena kas trptim adhigacchati rdh-madhavayohof Rdh and Ka; medhyampure; keliof amorous pastimes; madhvikaof the madhvika nectar; madhurimthe sweetness; dhayandrinking; nayanaof the eyes; bhrngenawith bumble-bee; kahwhy?; trptimsatiation; adhigacchatiattains. Vnd: When the bumble-bees of his eyes drink the sweet, pure, sacred madhvika nectar of the amorous pastimes of Sri Sri Rdh and Ka, what person becomes satiated? Text 42 (a) lalita: hala ede galana-marandam pi mahavi-puppha-sandoham mukki-a kisam bhinga puvvahimuham dha-anti. halaaha!; edethey; galantatrickling; marandamhoney; pi even; mahavimadhavi; pupphaof flowers; sandohamthe multitude; mukki-aabandoning; kisamwhy?; bhingathe bees; puvvathe eastern direction; ahimuhamfacing; dha-antifly. Lalit: Ah! Why have these bees abandoned these madhavi flowers dripping with honey, and instead hurried to the east?

Text 42 (b) vnd: sakhi vimucya madhavi-mandapam nagaramandalottamsau prasthitau tayor amodam anusarpantah satpada dhavanti. tad ehi lata-mandiralokanena nandayavas caksusi. (iti parikramya) lalite paya paya. sakhiO friend; vimucyaabandoning; madhaviof madhavi creepers; mandapamthe cottage; prasthitausituated; tayohof Them; amodamthe sweet fragrance; anusarpantahfollowing; satapadahthe bumble-bees; dhavantirun; tattherefore; ehi come; lataof creepers; mandirathe palace; alokanenaby seeing; nandayavahlet us delight; caksusithe eyes; itithus; parikramya walking; laliteO Lalit; payalook!; payalook! Vnd: Friend, Rdh and Ka, the two crown of all amorous couples, have left the cottage of madhavi creepers, and the bumblebees are hurriedly following Their sweet fragrance. Come, let us delight our eyes by looking at the palace of creepers. (They walk). Look! Look! Text 42 (c) manohari hara-skhalita-manibhis tara-taralai parimalayn-malyo milita-puratalankrti-kana ayam kunjas talpi-krta-kusuma-punja-pranayavan samantad uttungam pisunayati rangam murabhida manoharicharming; harafrom the necklace; skhalitafallen; manibhihwith jewels; taraof pearls; taralaihwith the middle of the necklace; parimlayatwilted; malyahgarland; militamet; purata golden; alankrtiof ornaments; kanahfragments; ayamthis; kunjah forest grove; talpithe bed; krtafashioned; kusumaof flowers; punjaan abundance; pranayavanplaced; samantaton all sides; uttungamgreat; pisunayatiindicates; rangampleasure; murabhidahof Lord Ka, the killer of the Mura demon. This charming grove , there are scattered jewels and pearls from broken necklaces, wilted garments, fragments of golden ornaments, and a bed fashioned from many flowers, clearly shows that Ka enjoyed very blissful pastimes here.

Text 43 lalita: (nipunam nirupya. sanskrtena). kanga-sangama-milad-ghusrnanga-raga rdh-pada-skhalad-alaktaka-rakta-parsva sindura-bindu-cita-gharma-jaloksiteyam dhuna dhinoto nayane mama puspa-sayya nipunamexpertly; nirupyalooking; sanskrtenain Sanskrit; kaof Ka; angathe limbs; sangamatouching; milat meeting; ghursrnasaffron; anga-ragaointment; rdhof Rdh; padafrom the feet; skhalatfalling; alaktakalac; raktared; parava side; sinduraof sindura; binduwith drops; citacollected; gharma-jalawith perspiration; uksitasprinkled; iyamthis; dhuna broken; dhinotidelights; nayaneeyes; mamamy; puspaof flowers; sayyabed. Lalit: (Looking closely, she says in Sanskrit:) Smeared with saffron from Ka's limbs, and red lac fallen from Rdh's feet, and sprinkled with perspiration mixed with drops of red sindura, this broken bed of flowers delights my eyes. Text 44 vnd: (sa-vismayam) cakrida ya rajasi ranjita-sutra-baddhagokarna-matra-cikura nava-viddha-karna seyam kutah pravara-vibhrama-kausalani rdhdhyagista bata vairajitam jigaya sawith; vismayamwonder; cakridaplayed; yawho; rajasiin the dust; ranjitacolored; sutraby a string; baddhabound; goof a cow; karnaas the ear; matraonly as long; cikurawhose hair; nava newly; viddhapierced; karnawhose ear; sa iyamShe; kutah where? pravaraexcellent; vibhramain amorous pastimes; kausalani expertise; rdhRdh; adhyagistahas learned; bataindeed; vairajitamunconquerable Lord Ka.

Vnd: (Struck with wonder) As a child She played in the dust, Her ears newly pierced, and Her hair, only as long as a cow's ear, tied with a colored ribbon. Where has this Rdh so expertly learned the art of amorous pastimes that She has defeated unconquerable Lord Ka? Tex 45 (a) lalita: (purvatah preksya) vunde pekkha nadi-dure sa-raho mahavo. purvatahto the east; preksyalooking; vundeO Vnd; pekkha look; nanot; adivery; durefar away; sawith; rahoRdh; mahavoKa. Lalit: (Looking to the east) Vnd, look! Not very far away are Rdh and Ka. Text 45 (b) vnd: srnuvah kim aha. srnuvahlet us listen; kimwhat?; ahasays. Vnd: What is She saying? Let us listen. Text 45 (c) rdh: (sanskrtena) kuru kuvalayam karnotsange lavangam abhanguram vikira cikurasyantar malli-srajam ksipa vaksasi anagha jaghane kadambim me pralambaya mekhalam kalayati na mam ali-vndm hare niralankrtam nepathyebehind the scenes; sanskrtenain Sanskrit; kuru please do; kuvalayama kuvalaya lotus flower; karnaof the ear; utsangeon the top; lavangama lavanga flower; abhanguram unblossomed; vikiraspread; cikurasyaof the hair; antahwithin; malliof malli flowers; srajama garland; ksipaplease place; vaksasi on the chest; anaghaO supremely pure one; jaghaneon the hip; kadambimof kadamba flowers; meof Me; pralambayaplease place; mekhalama belt; kalayatumay see; nanot; mamMe; ali

of gopi-friends; vndmthe multitude; hareO Ka; niralankrtam undecorated. (From behind the Scenes). Rdh: (In Sanskrit) Place a kuvalaya lotus flower on My ear. Put a lavanga in My hair. Place a garland of malli flowers on My chest. Place a garland of kadamba flowers around My hips. O supremely pure Ka, My gopi-friends should not see Me undecorated. Text 46 vnd: (smitam krtva) vahanti manjistharunita-tanu-sutrojjvala-rucin nakhankan khelormi-skhalita-sikhi-paksavalir iyam sphuram-mukta-tulyair alaghu-ghana-gharmambubhir alam samrddha me medham madhumathana-murtir madayati smitama smile; krtvadoing; vahanticarrying; manjisthaas manjistha; arunitaas red; tanuslender; sutrathreads; ujjvala splendid; rucinluster; nakhaof fingernails; ankanmarks; khelaof pastimes; urmiby the waves; skhalitafallen; sikhipeacock; paksa of feathers; avalihhost; iyamthis; sphuratglistening; mukta pearls; tulyaihlike; alaghu-ghanaabundant; gharma-ambubhih with perspiration; alamgreatly; samrddhaenriched; meof me; medhamthe mind; madhu-mathanaof Ka, the killer of the Madhu demon; murtihthe transcendental form; madayatidelights. Vnd: (Smiling) Marked with fingernails scratches as brilliant as threads dyed with manjistha, it's peacock feather ornaments washed away bythe waves of many amorous pastimes, and decorated with many drops of perspiration like glistening pearls, the transcendental forms of Sri Ka delights my mind. Text 47 (a) (tatah pravisati kah prasadhitangi rdh ca). tatahthen; pravisatienters; kaKa; prasadhita decorated; angiwhose body is; rdhRdh; caand.

(Ka enters, accompanied by Rdh, whose body is decorated). Text 47 (b) ka: nitam te punar-uktatam bhramarakaih kasturika-patrakam netrabhyam vikali-krtam kuvalaya-dvandvam ca karnarpitam haras ca smita-kanti-bhangibhir alam pistanupesi-krta kim rdhe tava mandanena nitaram angair asi dyotita nitambrought; teto you; punah-uktatamto the condition of being redundant; bhramarakaihby curling locks of hair; kasturikaof musk; patratamdesigns and picture; netrabhyamby the eyes; vikali-krtamwithered; kuvalayaof lotus flowers; dvandvamthe pair; caalso; karnaon the ears; arpitamplaced; harahthe necklace; caand; smitaof the smile; kantiby the beautiful splendor; bhangibhihby the waves; alamgreatly; pista-anupesikrtahcrushed; kimwhat is the use?; rdheO Rdhrani; tava Your; mandanenawith the ornaments; nitaramgreatly; angaihby Your onw bodily limbs; asiYou are; dyotitasplendidly beautified. Ka: Your curling locks of hair make these tilaka decorations drawn in musk useless and redundant. Your eyes are so beautiful that they make the two lotus flowers on Your ears wilt by comparison. The waves of the beauty of Your splendid smile has crushed Your necklace into dust. O Rdhrani, what is the use of You wearing all these decorations? You are already splendidly decorated by the beauty of Your limbs. These other decorations are simply a useless waste of time. Text 48 (a) ubhe: (upasrtya) sundara idam parama-manjulam vasanti-kusumamandanam. upasrtyaapproaching; sundaraO handsome one; idamthis; paramasupremely; manjulambeautiful; vasantimadhav; kusuma flowers; mandanamdecoration. Both Gopis: (Approaching) O handsome one, these decorations os madhav flowers are very beautiful.

Text 48 (b) ka: (stabakta-dvandvam adaya sa-harsam). dhyeyena mukta-vndsya kamyamana muhur maya yukta tvam atimuktanam srenya su-sroni sevitum stabakaclusters of flowrs; dvandvamthe pair;s adayataking; sawith; harsamjoy; dhyeyenathe object of meditation; muktaof liberated souls; vndsyaof the multitudes; kamyamanadesired; muhuhat every moment; mayaby Me; yuktaproper; tvamYou; atimuktanamof madhav flowers; srenyaby hosts; su-sroniO girl with the beautiful hips; sevitumto be served. Ka: (Taking the two clusters of flowers, He says with happiness) I am the object of the meditation for the hosts of liberated souls, and You are the constant object of My desire. O girl with the beautiful hips, it is proper that You be decorated with these madhavi flowers. Note: If the word "atimukta" is interpreted to mean "the souls who have attained the ultimate stage of liberation", then the verse may be undertood in the following way: "I am the object of meditation for the hosts of liberated souls, and You are the constant object of My desire. O girl with the beautiful hips, it is proper that You also be served by those souls who have attained the ultimate stage of liberation". Text 49 (a) (iti rdhm avatamsayati). itithus; rdhmRdh; avatamsayatidecorates. (He decorates Rdh). Text 49 (b)

(nepathye) anuparamati yame kamam ahnas trtiye jalada-samaya-laksmir yauvanojjrmbhane 'dya nava-yavasa-kadambais tarpitanam kadamba kalayati surabhinam gokulayabhimukhyam nepathyefrom behind the scenes; anuparamatinot over; yame quarter; kamamgreatly; ahnahof the day; trtiyethe third; jaladasamayaof the time of clouds; laksmihthe beauty; yauvanaof youth; ujjrmbhanein the yawning; adyanow; navanew; yavasa of grasses; kadambaihwith multitudes; tarpitanamsatisfied; kadambahthe multitude; kalayatidoes; surabhinamof surabhi cows; gokulaof Gokula; abhimukhyamin the direction. A Voice From Behind the Scenes: The monsoon season now displays its youthful beauty. Even though the third quarter of the day is not yet over, the surabhi cows, satisfied by the abundant new grasses, are now moving towards Gokula Village. Text 50 (a) lalita: rahe anujanehi. ratti-mandana-ttham dullaham vasantakususmam gehnissam. (iti niskranta). raheO Rdh; anujanehiplease give permission to depart; ratti at night; mandanadecoration; tthamfor the purpose; dullaham rare; vasantaspring; kusumamflowers; gehnissamI shall gather; itithus; niskrantahexits. Lalit: O Rdh, please give me permission to depart. I shall gather rare spring flowers to decotate You tonight. (She exits). Text 50 (b) ka: (smitva. janantikam) vrnde kincid vinodam vidhatu-kamo 'smi. tad atra priyayah pratyayiteyam puro drumadhirudha kakkhati tvaya mat-paksa-grahini kriyatam. smitvasmiling; jana-antikamaside; vrndeO Vnd; kincit some; vinodampastime; vidhatuto perform; kamahdesiring; asmi I am; tattherefore; atrahere; priyayahof My beloved; pratyayita

the confidential friend; purahin the presence; drumaa tree; adhirudhaclimbed; kakkhatiKakkhati; tvayaby you; matof Me; paksathe part; grahinitaking; kriyatammay be. Ka: (Smiling, aside) Vnd, I wish to play a certain game. In this tree before us is Rdh's confidential friend Kakkhati. You please arrange that Kakkhati take up My cause. Text 50 (c) vnd: bhavatu yatisye. bhavatuso be it; yatisyeI will try. Vnd: So be it. I will try. Text 50 (d) ka: (rdhm avetya) priye candra (ity ardhokte krtrimasambhramam natayati). rdhmRdh; avetyaapproaching; priyeO beloved; candra Candra; itithus; ardhahalf; uktespoken; krtrimaartificial; sambhramambewilderment; natayatirepresents dramatically. Ka: (Approaching Rdh) My dear Candra.... (He stops in the middle of the word and pretends to become bewildered). Text 50 (e) rdhik: (sa-khedam) haddhi haddhi. kadham evvam sunantam vi na me phudidam kanna-ju-alam. sawith; khedamgrief; haddhialas!; haddhialas!; kadham why?; evvamin this way; sunantamhearing; vialthough; nanot; meMy; phudidamburst; kannaof ears; ju-alamthe pair. Rdhik: (Aggrieved) Alas! Alas! Why is it that, even though they hear these words, My two ears do not burst apart?

Text 50 (f) vnd: (svagatam) picchika-bhramanena kakkhatikam unmadya harer abhistam vyaharayisye. (ity alaksitam tatha krtva prakasam). sakhi range ma bhaja vaimukhyam. svagatamaside; picchikaof a bunch of peacock feathers; bhramanenaby waving; kakkhatikamKakkhati; unmadya enchanting; harehof Ka; abhistamthe desire; vyaharayisyeI shall cause to speak; itithus; alaksitahunobserved; tathain that way; krtvahaving done; prakasamopenly; sakhiO friend; range in these happy pastimes; madon't; bhajabecome; vaimukhyam averse. Vnd; (Aside) By waving this bunch of peacock feathers I shall cast a spell over Kakkahti and force her to speaks according to Ka's desire. (Unobserved, she does that, and then she openly says:) Friend, don't become hostile on this happy occasion. Text 50 (g) ka: priye candranane kim ity akande vimanaskasi. priyeO beloved; candramoon; ananewhose face; kimwhy?; itithus; akandesuddenly; vimanaskamorose; asiYou are. Ka: O moon-faced beloved, why are You suddenly morose? Text 50 (h) (nepathye) samini imina tujjha muddhattanena lalida na jivissadi. nepathyebehind the scenes; saminiO mistress; iminabecause of this; tujjhayour; muddhattanenafoolishness; lalidaLalit; na not; jivissadiwill live. A Voice From Behind The Scenes: O Mistress, because of Your foolishness Lalit will not be able to remain alive.

Text 50 (i) rdhik: (urdhvam alokya. svagatama). nisandehamhi kida kakkhadi-a-e. (prakasam) pa-andam kkhu kulisa-vipphujjidam kadham dindimadambarena samvaranijjam hodu. (iti paran-mukhi bhavati). urdhvamupwards; alokyalooking; svagatamaside; nisandeha freed from doubt; amhiI am; kidabecome; kakkhadi-a-eby the monkey Kakkhati; prakasamopenly; pa-andamviolent; kkhu indeed; kulisa-vipphujjidamthunder; kadhamhow is it?; dindimaof small dindima drums; dambarenaby a single; samvaranijjam covered; hodumay be; itithus; parat-mukhiturning the face in aversion; bhavatibecomes. Rdhik: (Looking up, She says to Herself:) Kakkhati has dispelled My doubts. (Openly) Is it possible for a single small dindima drum to drown out the sound of violent thunder? (She turns Her face in aversion). Text 50 (j) ka: (apavarya) samaroddhura-kama-karmuka-srivijayi-bhru-yugam akulaksi-padmam vidhuri-krtam apy ati-krudhagre mama rdh-vadanam mano dhinoti apavaryaaside; samarain battle; uddhuraraised; kamaof cupid; karmukaof the bow; srithe beauty; vijayidefeating; bhru of eyebrows; yugamthe pair; akulaagitated; aksiof eyes; padmamlotus flowers; vidhuri-krtamcontorted; apieven; ati great; krudha-agrein anger; mamaof Me; rdhof Rdh; vadanamthe face; manahthe heart; dhinotidelights. Ka: (Aside) With eyebrows that defeat the beauty of cupid's bow raised in battle, and with agitated lotus eyes, even though contorted in great anger, the face of Rdh delights My heart. Text 51 (a)

(iti rdh-patancalam uccalya) sundari madhurena samapyatam madhu-vihara-kautukam). itithus; rdhof Rdh; pataof the sari; ancalamthe edge; uccalyalifting; sundariO beautiful girl; madhurenawith a sweet; samapyatamshould be concluded; madhuof springtime; viharaof pastimes; kautukamthe happiness. (Lifting the edge of Rdh's sari) O beautiful one, the happiness of these springtime pastimes should be concluded with sweetness). Text 51 (b) (punar nepathye) haddhi haddhi. bho pa-uma-sikkhe duttha-sarasi tumam pi mam kadakkhasi. ta kisa paranam dharemi. punahagain; nepathyefrom behind the scenes; haddhialas!; haddhialas!; bhoOh!; pa-umaof Padma; sikkhestudent; duttha wicked; sarasiO sarasi bird; tumamyou; pieven; mamat Me; kadakkhasigaze from the corner of the eye; tatherefore; kisa why?; paranamlife-breath; dharemido I maintain. Again a Voice From Behind The Scenes: Alas! Alas! O wicked sarasi-bird, O student of Padma, even you stare at me from the corners of your eye! Why should I continue to maintain my life-breath? Text 51 (c) rdhik: (nisamya sa-rosam apasarpanti). vunde param ketti-am vidambidamhi. ta jhatti varehi nam kavada-paripadi-nata-asuttadharam bhu-ana-mararambhi-murali-sikkha-nisankam karali-anatti-kila-kurangam. nisamyalistening; sawith; rosamanger; apasarpantimoving away; vundeO Vrnde; paramfurther; ketti-amhow much?; vidambidamocked; amhiI will be; tatherefore; jhattiat once; varehiplease stop; namhim; kavadatricks; paripadimanifesting; nata-aof the drama; suttadharamthe stage manager; bhu-anaof the world; maraof death; arambhibeginning; muraliof the flute;

sikkhainstruction; nisankamwithout doubt; karali-a-nattiof Candravali, the granddaughter of Karala; kilafor pastimes; kurangam a deer. Rdhik: (Listening, She draws back). Vnd, how much further am I to be ridiculed? At once stop the stage-manager who is the director of this drama. He simply teaches the flute how to kill the entire world. He is simply a pet deer who plays in the hands of Karala's granddaughter Candravali. Note: If the word "mara" is taken the mean "cupid", then the second sentence of these words becomes: "He simply teaches the flute how to fill the world with amorous desires". Text 51 (d) ka: (sananda-smitam) sakhi vrnde prasadaya rdhm. sawith; anandaof bliss; smitama smile; sakhiO friend; vrnde Vnd; prasadayaplease pacify; rdhmRdh. Ka: (With a blissful smile) Friend Vnd, please pacify Rdh. Text 51 (e) vnd: priya-sakhi rdhe vidagdha-vadhunam murdhanyasi. tad akande kathora-mana-kandena napasaraya vallabha-kasaram. priyadear; sakhiO friend; rdheRdh; vidagdhaexpert; vadhunamgirls; murdhanyathe greatest; asiYou are; tat therefore; akandesuddenly and for no good reason; kathoraharsh; manajealous anger; kandenawith the stick; nado not; apasaraya drive away; vallabhaof Your beloved; kasaramthe black deer. Vnd: Dear friend Rdh, You are the greatest of all expert and intelligent girls. Please don't suddenly and for no good reason chase away the staff with the hard staff of Your jealous anger the black deer that is Your beloved Ka.

Text 51 (f) rdhik: (badham avajnam abhiniya) ettha avatthadum na juttamhi. (iti niskranta). badhagreatly; avajnamcontempt; abhinyarepresenting dramatically; etthahere; avasthatumto stay; nanot; jutta proper; amhiI am; itithus; niskrantaexits. Rdh: (Very contemptuous) It is not proper for Me to stay here. (She exits). Text 51 (g) ka: vrnde baliyasi rosanale sama-madhvikam uddipanayaiva. tad alam atranuyatraya. vrndeO Vnd; baliyasipowerful; rosaof anger; analein the fire; samaof words conciliation; madhvikammadhvikammadhvika nectar; uddipanayafor inflaming; evacertainly; tattherefore; alam what is the use?; atrahere; anuyatrayaof following Her. Ka: The madhvika nectar of sweet words will only inflame the great fire of Her anger. What is the use of following Her? Text 51 (h) vnd: kim atra yuktam. kimwhat?; atrahere; yuktamis proper. Vnd: What should be done? Text 51 (i) krdha: vrnde vara-varni-nivesena rdhm prasadhayitum icchami. tad atra bhavatya samadhana-madhya-vasiyatam.

vrndeO Vnd; varabeautiful; varninifair-complexioned girl; vesenawith the disguise; rdhmRdh; prasadhayitumis conquer; icchamiI desire; tatthis; atrain this; bhavatyayou; samdhana-madhya-vasiyatamshould be agreed to help. Ka: Vnd, I desire to conquer Rdh by disguising Myself as a beautiful fair-complexioned girl. Please help Me in this. Text 51 (j) (vnd sangi-karam smitam karoti). vndVnd; sawith; angi-karamassent; smitama smile; karotidoes. (Vnd smiles in assent). Text 51 (k) ka: sakhi gauranga-raga-sangatam varanganave sasadhanam katham atrabhilipsye. sakhiO friend; gaurangagolden; ragacosmetic; sangatamin contact; varabeautiful; anganaof a girl; vesa-sadhanamgarments; kathamhow; atrahere; abhilipsyemay be obtained. Ka: Friend, how may I get some golden cosmetics and clothing suitable for a beautiful girl. Text 51 (l) (pravisya) madhumangala: pi-ava-assa atthi gauri-ghare taha-viha-vesasamaggi ja pa-uma-e mama hatthe samappide. pravisyaentering; pi-adear; va-assafriend; atthithere is; gauriof Gauri; gharein the temple; tahain this; vihaway; yesa garments; samaggia collection; jawhich; pa-uma-eby Padma; mamaof me; hatthein the hand; namappidaplaced.

(Enters) Madhumangala: Friend, Padma placed all these things in my hand, and they are now in the temple of Gauri. Text 51 (m) ka: (sa-harsam) vrnde gauri-grha-gambhirikayam bhavisayami. tad atma-bhagini-bhavena sambhavaniyo 'ham. (iti savayasyo niskranta). sawith; harsamhappiness; vrndeO Vnd; gauriof Gauri; grhaof the temple; gambhirikayamin the inner room; bhavisyamiI shall be; tatthen; atmaown; bhaginiof the sister; bhavenawith the nature; sambhavaniyahshall be conceived; ahamI; itithus; sa accompanied by; vayasyahHis friend; niskrantahexits. Ka: (Jubilant) Vnd, I shall be in the inner sanctum of the temple of Gauri. You act as if I am your sister. (He exits with His friend Madhumangala). Text 51 (n) vnd: (parikramaya. dure drstim ksipanti). campaka-lavanga-bakulany avacinvantyor vayasyayor atra sphutam idam eva sa-lajjam rdh-vttam nivedayati parikramyawalking; durefar away; drstimglance; ksipanti casting; campakacampaka; lavangalavanga; bakulaniand bakula flowers; avacinvatyohpicking; vyasyayohof the friends; atrahere; sphutamclearly; idamthis; evacertainly; sawith; lajjam embarrassment; rdhRdh; vttamactivity; nivedayatiinforms. Vnd: (Walks, and then gazes into the distance) As Her two friends pick campaka, lavanga, and bakula flowers, an embarrassed Rdh tells then everything that has happened. Text 52 (a)

(pravisya tatha-vidha rdh). pravisyaentering; tathain that; vidhaway; rdhRdh. (In that way Rdh enters). Text 52 (b) Rdh: sahi tado ham anunedum pa-uttam mam avahiri-a ettha pattamhi. sahiO friend; tadotherefore; hamI; anundenato pacify; pauttamengaged; namHim; avahiri-aseeing; etthahere; pattamhi I have come. Rdh: Friend, then seeing that He wished to pacify Me, I came here. Text 52 (c) lalita: rahe na kkhu tumamhi kanhassa gotta-skhalidam sivine vi sambhavi-adi. ta pa-iti-pamattanam pasunam palave kida-visambha tumam vancidasi. raheO Rdh; nanot; kkhuindeed; tumamhito You; kanhassa of Ka; gottathe name; akhalidamfalling; sinivein dream; vi even; sambhavi-adiis possible; tatherefore; pa-itiby nature; pamattanambewildered; pasunamanimals; palavein the talking; kidadone; visambhatrust; tumamYou; vancidacheated; asi are. Lalit: O Rdh, in Your presence Ka cannot even utter the name of another woman, even in His sleep. You have believed the words of an animal, by nature bewildered and foolish, and as a result You have been cheated. Text 52 (d)

visakha: haddhi haddhi. lalide pekkha ajja sohagga-punnimahe araddha-sangharisa balino padipakkha. ta vidambida mha devena. haddhialas!; haddhialas!; lalideO Lalit; pekkhalook!; ajja now; sohagga-punnimaheon Saubhagya-purnima; araddhabegun; sangharisarivalry; balinopowerful; padipakkharivals; ta therefore; vidambidamocked; mhaI am; devenaby fate. Vikh: Alas! Alas! Lalit, look! On this Saubhagya-purnima day our formidable rivals have begun their battle with us. Fate is now mocking me. Text 52 (e) lalita: visahe saccam kahesi. ettha mahusave ja-i amhanam muhamalinnam savvatti-o pekkhissanti tado solluntham kadukkhanti-o hasissanti. visaheO Vikh; saccamthe truth; kahesiyou speak; ettha in this; mahusavegreat festival; ja-iif; amhanamof us; muhaof the face; malinamdistress; savvatti-orivals; pekkhissantiwill see; tadothen; sawith; ullunthamsarcasm; kadukkhanti-ocasting sidelong glances; hasissantiwill laugh. Lalit: Vikh, you speak the truth. If our rivals see unhappiness on our faces during this great festival, they will sarcastically stare at us from the corners of their eyes and they will laugh. Text 52 (f) rdhik; (svagatam) sahu sahi-o mantenti. ta kim ettha saranam. svagatamaside; sahunicely; sahi-oMy friends; mantenti advise; tatherefore; kimwhat?; etthain this matter; saranamis the shelter. Rdhik: (Aside) My friends give good advise. What shelter is there in this difficulty? Text 52 (g)

vnd: (upasrtya) lalite ramanujasya nidesena ramam upanetum prasthitasmi. upasrtyaapproaching; laliteO Lalit; rama-anujasyaof Ka, the younger brother of Balarama; nidesenaby the request; ramam Balarama; upanetumto bring; prasthitadeparting; asmiI am. Vnd: (Approaching) Lalit, on Ka's request I shall now go to bring Balarama. Text 52 (h) lalita: kim tti. kimwhy?; ttithus. Lalit: Why? TExt 52 (i) vnrda: vasanta-sri-darsanaya. vasantaof spring; srithe beauty; darsanayafor showing. Vnd: To show Him the beauty of spring. Text 52 (j) visakha: sahi vunde kkhanam vilambi-a kuna sandhim. sahiO friend; vundeVnd; kkhanamfor a moment; vilambi-a resting; kunaplease do; sandhimmeeting. Vikh: Friend Vnd, please stop for a moment for a meeting. Text 52 (k) vnd: satyam janihi maya duskaro 'dya sandhih.

satyamthe truth; janhihiplease know; mayaby me; duskarah difficult to arrange; adyanow; sandhiha meeting. Vnd: You should know the trut: At this time it is very difficult for me to arrange a meeting between You and Ka. Note: Vikh asked Vnd to meet (sandhi) with her, and Vikh interpreted the meeting to refer to a meeting with Ka. Text 52 (l) visakha: kadham vi-a. kadhamwhy?; vi-alike that. Vikh: Why is that? Text 52 (m) vnd: prcchatam atma-sakhi yayadya katuktibhir aparanjitah kanjeksanah. prcchatamshould be asked; atmayour; sakhifriend; yayaby whom; adyatoday; katuharsh; uktibhihwith words; aparanjitah displeased; kanja-iksanahlotus-eyed Ka. Vnd: Ask your friend who today hurt lotus-eyed Ka with many harsh words. Text 52 (n) rdhik: (nihsvasya) hala vunde tumam cce-a gadi. nihsvasyasighing; halaO; vundeVnd; tumamyou; cce-a certainly; gadidestination. Rdhik: (Sighing) O Vnd, you my only hope. Text 52 (o)

vnd: (sa-vyaja-rosam) asuya candali hrdi padam ita candi vivisur na vacas te pathyah sruti-carani-simancalam api idanim audasyam vasaga-madiraksi-tatir agan mukundo nirdvandvi-bhava sakhi mudha nihavasisi kim sawith; vyajapretended; rosamanger; asuyajealousy; candalithe candala girl; hrdiin the heart; padamplace; itagone; candiO passionate one; vivisuhentered; nanot; vacahwords; te of you; pathyahbeneficial; srutiof the ears; saraniof the path; simaof the boundary; ancalamthe edge; apieven; idanimnow; audasyamindifference; vasagasubmission; madira-iksanaof girls with bewitching eyes; tatiha host; agatattained; mukundah Ka; nirdhvandvifree from duality; bhavabecome; sakhiO friend; mudhauselessly; nihsvasisisigh; kimwhy? Vnd: (With pretended anger) O passionate girl, the candala girl of jealousy entered your heart, and good advise was not able to even approach the edge of the path of Your ears. Now Ka, who has a host of beautiful-eyed girls under His dominion, has become indifferent to You. O friend, please become free from the dualities of happiness and distress. Why do You uselessly sigh in this way? Text 52 (p) lalita: kahim so kkhu mohano. kahimwhere?; soHe; kkhuindeed; mohanothe enchanter. Lalit: Where is that enchanter Ka? Text 52 (q) vnd: gauri-sadmani. gauriof Gauri; sadmantiin the temple. Vnd: In the temple of Gauri.

Text 53 (b) lalida: kim haredi. kimwhat?; karediis He doing. Lalit: What is He doing? Text 53 (c) vnd: nikujavidyya sardham gosthim tanoti. nikujavidyyaNikujavidy; sardhamwith; gosthim conversation; tanotidoes. ******************* translation????? ***************** Text 53 (e) tisra: sahi ka kkhu ni-unja-vijja. tisrahthe three girls; sahiO friend; kawho?; kkhuindeed; niunja-vijjais Nikujavidy. The Three Girls: Friend, who is Nikujavidy? Text 53 (f) vnd: (sphutam vihasya) aho maugdhyam kisorinam yad amur ati-prasiddham api nikujavidym na vidanti. sphutamout loud; vihasyalaughing; ahoah!; maugdhyamthe ignorance; kisorinamof these young girls; yatbecause; amuhthey; atithe very; prasiddhamfamous; apieven; nikujavidym Nikujavidy; nado not; vidantiknow.

Vnd: (Laughing out loud) Aha! The ignorance of these girls! They don't even know about the very famous Nikujavidy! Text 53 (g) tisra: (sa-lajjam) sahi kadhehi saccam. na janimha. sawith; lajjamembarrassment; sahiO friend; kadhehiplease tell; saccamthe truth; nanot; janimhawe know. The Three Girls: (Embarrassed) Friend, tell us. We really don't know. Text 53 (h) vnd: hanta bho visuddhah ka nama sa gokule ballava-balikastu ya khalu svasaram me bhantira-devatam na janite. hantaindeed; bhohOh!; visuddhahpure girls; kawhat?; nama indeed; sashe; gokulein Gokula; ballavacowherd; balikagirl; astumay be; khaluindeed; svasaramsister; memy; bhnadiraof Bhandiravana forest; devatamthe goddess; nadoes not; janite know. Vnd: O chaste girls, what cowherd girl in Gokula does not know my sister, the goddess of Bhandiravana forest? Text 53 (i) lalita: vunde dehi tumam mantam jena edam vesammam suhodakkam bhave. vundeO Vnd; dehiplease give; tumamyou; mantam advise; jenaby which; edamthis; vesammamcalamity; sukha happiness; udarkamat the end; bhavemay become. Lalit: O Vnd, please give us now advise that will make this calamity have a happy ending.

Text 53 (j) vnd: sakhi gokulananda-nigudha-visrambha-mani-manjuseyam nikujavidy. tad enam bhajema. sakhiO friend; gokula-anandaof Ka, the bliss of Gokula; nigudhahidden; visrambhaof secrets; maniof the jewels; manjusa the jewel-chest; iyamshe is; nikujavidyNikujavidy; tat therefore; enamto her; bhajenalet us go. Vnd: Friends, Nikujavidy is a treasure-chest where the jewels of Ka's most hidden secrets are kept. Let us go to her. Text 53 (k) (iti sarvah parikramanti). itithus; sarvaheveryone; parikramantiwalks. (Everyone walks). Text 53 (l) rdhik: vunde edam cce-a gauri-mandavam; ta ettha pavisi-a sannae kaddhe ni-unjavijjam. vundeO Vnd; edamthis; cce-acertainly; gauriof Gauri; mandavamthe temple; tatherefore; etthahere; pavisi-a entering; sanna-ewith a signal; kaddhepull; ni-unjavijjam Nikujavidy. Rdhik: Vnd, this is the temple of Gauri. Please enter, and, with a signal bring Nikujavidy outside. Text 53 (m)

vnd: (krtodgrivikam alokya svagatam) hanta gaurim iva kisorim dvarim payami. (prakasam) sakhyah kevalam ekatra bhandiradevataiva sikhandena kundalam kurvati vartate. krtadone; udgrivikamraised neck; alokyalooking; svagatam aside; hantaindeed; gaurimwith a fair complexion; ivalike; kisorima girl; dvarimat the entrance; payamiI see; prakasam openly; sakhyahO friends; kevalamonly; ekaalone; atrahere; bhandiraof Bhandirava forest; devatathe goddess; evacertainly; sikhandenawith a peacock feather; kundalaman earring; kurvati making; vartatestays. Vnd: (Raising her neck and looking, she says to herself:) In the doorwayI see Ka disguised as a fair-complexioned girl. (Openly) O friends, is here alone, makin an earring from a peacock feather. Text 53 (n) tisra: asacca-samsini cittha cittha. jam eso tandavi-a-sihandi pangane citthadi. asaccaof untruth; samsiniO speaker; citthastop!; cittha stop!; jambecause; esohe; tandavia-aTandavika; sihandithe peacock; panganein the courtyard; citthadistays. The Three Girls: O lier, stop! Stop! Ka's peacock Tandavika is in the courtyard. Text 53 (o) vnd: hanta bho daksinya-sunyah svayam agatya samiksyatam. kim atranumanena. hantaindeed; bhohO; daksinyaof civility; sunyahdevoid; svayampersonally; agatyacoming; samiksyatammay be seen; kimwhat?; atrain this; anumanenais the use of speculation. Vnd: O uncivilized girls, go and see for yourselves. What is the use of speculating? Text 53 (p)

lalita: hala phudam tanda-ulada canda-ino jada jam nikkamanto canda-a-ma-uli imina na lakkhido. halaah!; phudamclearly; tandaby sleepiness; a-ulada overwhelmed; canda-inothe peacock; jadamanifest; jamwhich; nikkamantoleaving; canda-a-ma-uliKa, who wears a crown of peacock feathers; iminaby him; nanot; lakkhidowas seen. Lalit: Clearly the peacock was overcome by sleepiness and did not notice when peacock-feather crowned Ka left. Text 53 (q) rdhik: hala gharam pavisi-a ni-unjavijjam puchamha. halaah!; gharamthe temple; pavisi-aentering; ni-unjavijjam Nikujavidy; puchamhalet us ask. Rdhik: Let us enter the temple and ask Nikujavidy. Text 53 (r) (iti sarvah pravesam natayanti). itithus; sarvaheveryone; pravesanentrance; natayanti represent dramatically. (Everyone enters). Text 53 (s) (pravisya) jatila: bhanidamhi pemmena pa-uma-e ajje jadile ditthi-a vaddhasi. go-addhano vi-a tumha putto vi go-kodisaro huvissadi. jam dittham ma-e ajja gauri-titthe rahi-e gauri arahi-adi ti. ta gadu-a vahudiham asisahim vaddhayissam. (iti parikramya ranginim angane drstva sanandam). sahu pa-ume sahu. asacca-bhasini nasi. (punar nibhalya.

sa-khedam). haddhi haddhi. kaham gauri-simhassa sire tandavi-o cittha-i. ta paravatti-a puttam anissam. (iti dhavanti niskranta). pravisyaentering; bhanidaaddressed; amhiI was; pemmena with love; pa-uma-eby Padma; ajjeO noble lady; jadileJail; ditthi-aby good fortune; vaddhasiyou will prosper; go-addhano Govardhana-gopa; vi-alike; tumhayour; puttoson; viindeed; go of cows; kodiof millions; isarothe master; huvissadiwill become; jambecause; ditthamseen; ma-eby me; ajjatoday; gauri-titthe at Gauri-tirtha; rahi-eby Rdhik; gaurigoddess Gauri; arahi-adi worshipped; tithus; tatherefore; gadu-agoing; vahudiham daughter-in-law; asisahim vaddhayissamI will bless; itithus; parikramyawalking; ranginimthe doe Rangini; anganein the courtyard; drstvaseeing; sawith; anandamjoy; sahuwell done; pa-umeO Padma; sahuwell done; asaccaof lies; bhasinia speaker; nanot; asiyou are; punahagain; nibhalyalooking; sa with; khedamunhappiness; haddhialas!; haddhialas!; kaham why?; gauriof Gauri; simhassaof the lion; sireon the head; tandavi-othe peacock Tandavika; cittha-iis perched; tatherefore; paravatti-areturning; puttammy son; anissamI shall bring; iti thus; dhavantirunning; niskrantaexits. (Enters) Jail: Padma affectionately told me: "O noble Jail, you are very fortunate. Like Govardhana-gopa, your son will soon become the master of millions of cows, for today I saw Rdh worshipping goddess Gauri at Gauri-tirtha". Now I shall go there and give blessing to Her. (Walking, she sees the doe Rangini in teh courtyard. She happily says:) Well done, Padma! Well done! You do not speak lies. (Looking again, she becomes unhappy) Alas! Alas! Why is Ka's peacock Tandavika now perched on the head of Gauri's lion? I shall go back and bring my son. (She exits running). Text 53 (t) rdhik: (janantikam) sahi-o pekkhadha lo-ottaram kim pi gauri-e saundaram. jana-antikamaside; sahi-oO friends; pekkhadhalook; loottaramextraordinary; kim pisomething; gauri-eof Gauri; saundaramat the beauty.

Rdhik: (Aside) O friends, look at the extraordinary beauty of Gauri. Text 53 (u) sakhyau: hala saccam saccam. thane kanhassa pemma-visamhasambhavida esa. halaOh!; saccamtruth; saccamtruth; thaneit is proper; kanhassaof Ka; pemmalove; visamhaand trust; sambhavida is; esashe. The two Gopi-friends: Oh! True! True! It is right that she is so beautiful for Ka has placed both love and trust in her. Text 53 (v) rdhik: nam adittha-puvvam sambhasidum sa-sambhamamhi. (ity apatrapam natayati). namto her; aditthanot seen; puvvambefore; sambhasidumto speak; sa-sambhamavery eager; amhiI am; itithus; apatrapam shyness; natayatirepresents dramatically. Rdhik: Even though I have never seen her before I am still very eager to speak with her. (She becomes shy). Text 53 (w) (nepathye) yami vrnde nunam rdhya naham pariciye. maya tu sahasrdheyam anubhuyamanasti. yamiO sister; vrndeVnd; nunamis it not?; rdhyaby Rdh; nanot; ahamI am; pariciyerecognized; mayaby me; tu but; sahasrdhthousands of times; iyamShe; anubhuyamana seen; astihasd been. A Voice From Behind the Scenes: Sister Vnd, is it not that Rdh does not recognize Me? Still, I have seen Her thousands of times.

Text 53 (x) vnd: (svagatam) citram saksad angana-kantha-dhvanir evayan. svagatamaside; citramwonderful; saksatdirectly; anganaof a girl; kanthaof the throat; dhvanihthe sound; evacertainly; ayam this. Vnd: (Aside) Amazing! This is truly the voice of a woman. Text 53 (z) rdhik: vunde na jane kisa pasaham ni-unjavijja-e sinijjhadi me hia-am. vundeO Vnd; nanot; janeI know; kisawhy?; pasaham intensely; ni-unjavijja-efor Nikujavidy; sinijjhadiloves; meMy; hia-amheart. Rdhik: Vnd, I do not know why My heart feels such intense love for Nikujavidy. Text 53 (aa) vnd: sakhi tattvam jane. na citram idam yad asav api ciram tvayy anurajyati. sakhiO friend; tattvamthe truth; janeI understand; nanot; citramsurprising; idamthis; yatbecause; asaushe; apieven; ciramfor a long time; tvayiYou; anurajyatiloves. Vnd: Friend, I know why. It is not surprising She has loved You for a long time. Text 53 (bb) rdhik: (sanandam anusrtya) hala ni-unjavijje kahim so tuha niunja-na-aro.

sawith; anandamjoy; anusrtyaapproaching; halaO; niunjavijjeNikujavidy; kahimwhere?; sohe; tuhaof you; ni-unja in the forest-groves; na-arolover. Rdhik: (Joyfully approaching) O Nikujavidy, where is your Nikunjanagara (Lover who meets you in these forest groves?) Text 53 (cc) (nepathye) sakhi kas tam jano janati. sakhiO friend; kahwhat?; tamhim; janahperson; janati knows. A Voice From Behind the Scenes: Friend, what person knows him? Text 53 (dd) lalita: sahi ni-unjavijje muncehi parihasa-cchalam. appavaggo de mahariso jano. sahiO friend; ni-unjavijjeNikujavidy; muncehiplease give up; parihasaof joking; chalamthe trick; appa-vaggoon the same side; deYou; amharisolike us; janoperson. Lalit: Friend Nikujavidy, please don't joke like this. We are your friends. Text 53 (ee) (nepathye) badham tattvam avijnaya tapyamanah krsanuna katham sarada-padmaksi paradah parilabhyate

badhacertainly; tattvamthe truth; avijnayanot understanding; tapyamanahbeing heated; krsanunaby fire; kathamhow; sarada autumn; padmalotus; aksieyes; paradahmercury; parilabhyate is obtained. A Voice From Behind the Scenes: O girl whose eyes are like autumn lotus flowers, without understanding the actual truth, how will You attain the Supreme Personality of Godhead, who is like gold created by heating mercury in the fire. Text 54 vnd: (janantikam) smera kapola-pali samsati dutyam nikujavidyya rdhe mrdulaya tad imam snehenabhyajya bhavyena jana-antikamaside; smerasmiling; kapolaof the cheek; pali on the edge; samsatideclares; dutyamthe role of a messenger; nikujavidyyahof Nikujavidy; rdheO Rdh; mrdulayasoften; tattherefore; imamher; snehenawith the oil of love; abhyajya anointing; bhavyenaexcellent. Vnd: (Aside) The smile on Nikujavidy's cheek declares that she will be Your messenger. O Rdh, now You should soften her by anointing her with the excellent oil of Your love. Text 55 (a) rdhik: hala ni-unjavijje kisa vundevva nanubandhanasi sinehabandham. halaO; ni-unjavijjeNikujavidy; kisawhy?; vundaVnd; ivva like; nanot; anubandhanabound; asiyou are; sinehaof love; bandhamthe bonds. Rdhik: O Nikujavidy, why are you not bound to Me as Vnd is, with the bonds of love?

Text 55 (b) (nepathye) vidhih padme padau nava-kadalike sakthi-yugalim mrnale dor-dvandvam tava sasinam apadya vadanam mrdunam arthanam na kathinam avastambhakas rte sthitih syad ity ara vyadhita hrdayam nunam asanim nepathyebehind the scenes; vidhihLord Brahma; padmetwo lotus flowers; padaufeet; navayoung; kadalikeplantain trees; sakthiof thighs; yugalimpair; mrnaletwo lotus stems; dohof arms; dvandvamthe pair; tavaof You; sasinamthe moon; apadya obtaining; vadanamface; mrdunamof soft; arthanamthings; na not; kathinamsomething hard; avastambhakamas a pillar for support; rtewithout; sthitihsteadiness; syatmay be; itithus; atra here; vyadhitacreated; hrdayamheart; nunamindeed; asinam a thunderbolt. A Voice From Behind the Scenes: Making Your feet lotus flowers, Your thighs yourn plaintain trees, Your arms lotus stems, Your face the moon, and understanding that these soft things cannot stand without a hard pillar to support them, the creator Brahma made Your heart a thunderbolt. Text 56 (a) rdhik: vunde pekkha sanura-a-hasam parihasijjami ni-unjavijja-e. ta gadu-a milissam. (iti niskranta). vundeO Vnd; pekkhalook!; sawith; anura-aof love; hasam a smile; parihasijjamiI am smiled upon; ni-unjavijja-eby Nikujavidy; tatherefore; gadu-agoing; milissamI shall meet; iti thus; niskrantaexits. Rdhik: Vnd, look! Nikujavidy is affectionately smiling upon Me. I shall go and meet her. (She exits). Text 56 (b) vnd:

gokula-rama-preyasi nikunjavidye kathora-dhis tvam asi yat-pravanam api purata parirabhya sakhim na ranjayasi gokula-of Gokula; ramaof the girls; preyasivery dear; nikunjavidyeO Nikujavidy; kathorahard; dhihheart; tvayou; asiare; yatto whom; pravanamvery friendly; apieven; puratah in the presence; parirabhyaembracing; sakhimthe gopi-friend; na not; ranjayasiyou please. Vnd: O Nikujavidy, O beloved of the beautiful girls of Gokula, Your heart is very hard. Even though this girl is your affectionate friend, still you do not please Her with an embrace. Text 57 (a) visakha: i-am rahi ni-unjavijjam pariraddhum bhu-a-vallim ullasenti pemma-visaddham jappadi. hala bhandira-de-ade pekkha. gokulapavesa-vela paccasi-adi. ta karijja-u amhesu lila-ranga-sangamido kanhassa pasa-o. i-amthis; rahiRdh; ni-unjavijjamNikujavidy; pariraddhum to embrace; bhu-aof arms; vallimthe creeper; ullasantiextending; pemmaof love; visaddhamtrust; jappaditalking. Vikh: Rdh is now talking with Nikujavidy with the trust of love. Rdh is extending the creepers of Her arms to embrace her. Text 57 (b) (nepathye) hala bhandira-de-ade pekkha. gokula-pavesa-vela paccasi-adi. ta karijja-u amhesu lila-ranga-sangamido kanhassa pasa-o. nepathyebehind the scenes; halaO; bhandiraof Bhandiravana forest; de-adeO goddess; pekkhalook!; gokulato Gokula; pavesa of entrance; velathe time; paccasi-adiapproaches; tatherefore; karijja-ushould be done; amhesuamong us; lilaof pastimes; ranga arena; sangamidomeeting; kanhassaof Ka; pasa-omercy.

A Voice From Behind the Scenes: O goddess of Bhandiravan, look! The time for going to Gokula is now approaching. Please bestow your mercy on us so we may meet Ka in the arena of pastimes and enjoy with Him there. Text 57 (c) lalita: vunde esa tujjha bahini rahi-am parirambhi-a cumbadi. vundeO Vnd; esaShe; tujjhaof you; bahinithe sister; rahiamRdhik; parirambhi-aembracing; cumbadikisses. Lalit: Vnd, your sister is now embracing Rdhik and kissing Her. Text 57 (d) visakha: (sa-sankam) dittha nillajji-a-e tujjha ni-unjavijja-e purisadhamma-luddhada. jam esa raha-vakkhoruhe naharankuram appedi. sawith; sankamanxiety; ditthaobserved; nillajji-a-e shameless; tujjhayour; ni-unjavijjaby Nikujavidy; purisamale; dhammonature; luddhadagreed; jambecause; esashe; rahaof Rdh; vakkhoruheon the breasts; naharankuramfingernail scratch markings; appedigives. Vikh: (Anxious) I can see that your Nikujavidy is shameless. She is very eager to assume the role of a male, because she is now scratching Rdh's breasts with her fingernails. Text 57 (e) vnd: (sa-smitam) sakhi mabhyasuyam krthah. premotkarsavilaso 'yam. sawith; smitama smile; sakhiO friend; madon't; abhyasuyamanger; krthahdo; premaof love; utkarsaexcellence; vilasahpastimes; ayamthis.

Vnd: (With a smile) Friend, don't become angry. This is simply the pastime of great love. Text 57 (f) (pravisya sotkampa). rdhik: (sa-bhru-bhangam) vunde juttam juttam amhesu tumha jimhattanam. pravisyaentering; sawith; utkampamtrembling; sawithj; bhruof the eyebrows; bhangamknitting; vundeO Vnd; juttam good; juttamgood; amhesuon us; tumhaof you; jimhattanam trickery. (Entering and trembling). Rdhik: (Knitting Her eyebrows) Vnd! Good! A good trick you have played on us! Text 57 (g) vnd: (vihasya) sakhi na vedmi kim tavakutam. vihasyalaughing; sakhiO friend; nanot; vedmiI understand; kimwhat?; tavaof You; akutamthe intention. Vnd: (laughing) Friend, I don't understand. What do You mean? Text 57 (h) sakhyau: (sa-smitam) vunde vinnada de mohini-bhuda ni-unjavijja. sawith; smitama smile; vundeO Vnd; vinnadaunderstood; deby you; mohinia charming girl; bhudamanifested; ni-unjavijja Nikujavidy. The Two Gopi-friends: (With a smile) Vnd, now you can understand what a charming girl Nikujavidy is. Text 57 (i)

(tatah pravisati sa-putra jatila). tatahthen; pravisatienters; sawith; putraher son; jatila Jail. (Jail enters with her son). Text 57 (j) jatila: vaccha ahimanno pekkha pangane rangini taha tandavi-o vi sihandi cittha-i. vacchaO child; ahimannoAbhimanyu; pekkhalook!; pangane in the courtyard; ranginithe doe Rangini; tahain the same way; tandaviTandavika; vialso; sihandithe peacock; cittha-istays. Jail: Child Abhimanyu, look! In this courtyard are both Rdh's pet doe Rangini and Ka's peacock Tandavika. Text 57 (k) abhimanyu: amba saccam kahesi. jam dittham ma-e go-govamandalena saddham ekko jjevva go-ulam pa-ittho. ambaO mother; saccamthe truth; kahesiyou speak; jam because; ditthamobserved; ma-eby me; goof the cows; gova and cowherd boys; mandalenathe circle; saddhamwith; ekko alone; jjevvaindeed; ramoBalarama; go-ulamGokula; pa-ittho entered. Abhimanyu: Mother, you speak the truth. I saw Balarama enter Gokula village accompanied by the cows and cowherd boys, but without Ka. Text 57 (l) jatila: vaccha esa visarini kavi sorabbha-dhara jjevva tam sahasi-amihunam ettha kahe-i.

vacchaO child; esathis; visarinispreading; kavisomething; sorabbhaof sweet fragrance; dharaflood; jjevvacertainly; tam this; sahasi-aoutlaw; mihunamcouple; etthahere; kahe-i proclaims. Jail: Child, this overflooding stream of sweet fragrance announces the presence of that illicit couple. Text 57 (m) abhimanyu: amba bhavadi-e nideso vi ma-e padivalido ajja samvutto. ta danim rahi-am mahura-pure na-issam. ambaO mother; bhavadi-eof the noble Paurams; nidesothe instructions; viindeed; ma-eby me; padivalidofollowed; ajja now; samvuttogone; tatherefore; pureto the city; na-issamI shall bring. Abhimanyu: Mother, today I shall no longer follow Paurams's instructions. Now I shall take Rdhik to Mathura City. Text 57 (n) ***************** add prakrit *************** jatila: putta ditthi-a ekkaone; du-aramdoor; gharamthe building; tatherefore; du-ara-bhitti-eby the door panel; lagga touched; bhavi-ahaving become; sunamhalet us listen; patthavam to the topic of the conversation. Jail: Son, fortunately the temple has only one door. Let us stay by the door and eavesdrop on the conversation. Text 57 (o) (iti tatha sthitau).

itithus; tathain that way; sthitaustanding. (They both do that). Text 57 (p) (pravisya) ka: (sa-smitam) rdhe ma sma karsir ati-durlabhe 'sminn arthe prarthanam. pravisyaenters; sawith; smitama smile; rdheO Rdh; ma don't; smaindeed; karsihdo; ativery; durlabhedifficult to attain; asminin this; artherequest; prarthanambeg. (Enters) Ka: (With a smile) Rdh, please do not request something that is so difficult to grant. Text 57 (q) rdhik: (sa-narma-smitam) a-i de-i pasida pasida. sawith; narmaa playful; smitamsmile; a-iO; de-igoddess; pasidabe merciful; pasidabe merciful. Rdhik: (With a playful smile) O goddess, have mercy! Have mercy! Text 57 (r) abhimanyu: (grham pravisya) hum sahasini paccakkham hatthatthi gahidasi. grhamthe temple; pravisyaentering; humaha!; sahasini outlaw!; paccakkhambefore my eyes; hattha-ahatthihand-to-hand; gahidataken; asiYou are. Abhimanyu: (Entering the temple) Aha! Outlaw! I have caught You red-handed!

Text 57 (s) ka: (svagatam) hanta svarad abhimanyum abhijnaya katareyam priya yastivad bhumau nipapata. svagatamaside; hantaindeed; svaratfrom the sound; abhimanyumAbhimanyu; abhijnayarecognizing; kataradistressed; iyamShe; priyaMy beloved; yastia stick; vatlike; bhumauon the ground; nipapatafell. Ka: (Aside) Alas! Recognizing Abhimanyu from the sound of his voice, My beloved has become terrified and at once fainted, falling like a stick to the ground. Text 57 (t) jatila: (sa-vismayam angulya darsayanti), vaccha lo-ottarena laanna-bharena ka esa gauri gharam ujjale-i. sawith; vismayamastonishment; angulyawith a finger; darsayantipointing; vacchaO child; lo-ottarenaextraordinary; laannaof beauty; bharenawith the abundance; kawho?; esathis; gaurifair-complexioned girl; gharamthe temple; ujjale-i illuminating. Jail: (Struck with wonder, she points with her finger) O child, who is this fair-complexioned girl that illuminates this temple with her extraordinary beauty? Text 57 (u) abhimanyu: (vimrsya) amba de-i pasida pasida tti bhani-a rahi-e danda-ppanamo kidatthi. ta esa divva-rupa mahesa-mahisi phudam padubbhuda. vimrsyareflecting; ambaO mother; de-iO goddess; pasida have mercy; pasidahave mercy; ttithus; bhani-aspeaking; rahi-e by Rdh; dandalike a stick; ppanamoobeisances; kidatthi performed; tatherefore; esashe; divvasplendid; rupawhose

form; mahesaof Lord Siva; mahisithe queen; phudam padubbhuda is manifested. Abhimanyu: (Reflecting) Mother, Rdh said "O goddess, have mercy! Have mercy!" and then She at once bowed down, falling like a stick to the ground. Clearly this girl si the goddess Gauri, the splendidly beautiful queen of Lord Siva, who has now appeared here. Text 57 (v) ka: (sa-harsam atma-gatam) gauri-nepathyam mama susthu pathyam babhuva. sawith; harsamhappiness; atma-gatamto Himself; gauriof Gauri; nepathyamthe attire; mamaof Me; susthuvery; pathyam helpful; babhuvahas become. Ka: (He joyfully says to Himself:) This disguise of a faircomplexioned girl has been very helpful to Me. Text 57 (w) sankhyau: (sanandam) govuttama tumhanam ambedidena amhehim arahijjanti gauri padimado nikkamida. sawith; harsamhappiness; atma-gatamto Himself; gauriof Gauri; nepathyethe attire; mamaof Me; susthuvery; pathyam helpful; babhuvahas become. Ka: (He joyfully says to Himsef) This disguise of a faircomplexioned girl has been very helpful to Me. Text 57 (w) sakhyau: (sanandam) govuttama tumhanam ambedidena amhehim arahijjanti gauri padimado nikkamida. sawith; anandambliss; govuttamaO best of the cowherds; tumhenamof you; ambedidenaby the request; amhehimby us;

arahijjantiworshipped; gauriGauri; padimadofrom the deity; nikkamidahas come out. The Two gopi-friends: (With happiness) O best of the cowherd men, on your request we worshipped the goddess Gauri, and now the goddess herself has emerged from her her statue. Text 57 (x) abhimanyu: visahe kim danim de-i-pade su-dullaham rahi-e abbhatthidam. visaheO Vikh; kimwhat?; danimnow; de-iof the goddess; padeat the feet; su-dullahamvery difficult to achieve; rahi-eby Rdh; abbhatthidamwas requested. Abhimanyu: Vikh, what difficult-to-attain object was Rdh praying for at the feet of the goddess? Text 57 (z) abhimanyu: (sa-sankam) bha-avadi kerisam tam. sawith; sankamfear; bha-avadiO noble goddess; kerissam like what?; tamthat. Abhimanyu: (Frightened) O noble goddess, what kind of calamity? Text 57 (aa) ka: vrnde tad-abhivyaktaya sankucanti me vacanani. tatas tvaya kathyatam. vrndeO Vnd; tatof that; abhivyaktayefor the revelation; sankucantishrinking; memy; vacananiwords; tatahtherefore; tvayaby you; kathyatamlet it be said. Ka: Vnd, my words shudder to reveal it. You tell him.

Text 57 (bb) vnd: maninn abhimanyo para-svas tvam bho jesvarena bhairavaya sayam upahari-kartavyo 'si. maninproud; abhimanyoO Abhimanyu; parathe day after; svah tomorrow; tvamyou; bhoja-isvarenaby Kamsa, the king of the Bhojas; bhairavayato Lord Siva; sayamin the evening; upaharikartavyahto be offered in sacrifice; asiyou. Vnd: O proud Abhimanyu, two evenings from now Kamsa, the king of the Bhojas, will offer you in sacrifice to Lord Siva. Text 57 (cc) (sa-vaiklavyam) de-i pasida pasida ji-a-putti-am me mam karehi. sawith; vaiklavyamalarm; de-iO goddess; pasidahave mercy; pasidahave mercy; ji-aliving; putti-amwith a son; mam me; karehiplease make. Jail: (Alarmed) O goddess, have mercy! Have mercy! Let my son live! Text 57 (dd) rdhik: (sa-harsam utthaya) de-i pasida pasida. sawith; harsamhappiness; utthayarising; de-iO goddess; pasidahave mercy; pasidahave mercy. Rdhik: (Happily rising) O goddess, have mercy! Have mercy! Text 57 (ee) ka: (smitva) rdhe varnitam eva te. yad adya durnivaram idam.

smitvasmiling; rdheO Rdh; varnitamdescribed; eva certainly; teto You; yatbecause; adyanow; durnivaramdifficult to stop; idamthis. Ka: (Smiling) Rdh, I have already told You. For now it will be very difficult to stop this calamity. Text 57 (ff) rdhik: (sa-kaku-bharam pranamya) hanta ballavi-ula-de-ade kim pi asakkam de natthi. ta tu-e nahena avippa-o-am pasadi-kadu-a anugehi-adu eso jano. sawith; kakuof plaintive words; bharaman abundance; pranamyaoffering obeisances; hantaO!; ballaviof the gopis; ula of the community; de-adeO goddess; kim pisomething; asakkam impossible to perform; defor you; nanot; atthiis; tatherefore; tu-eby you; nahenawith My lord; avippa-o-amnot suffering separation; pasadi-kadu-abecoming merciful; anugehi-adumay become to object of mercy; esothis; janoperson. Rdhik: (Bowing down and speaking many plaintive words) O goddess of the gopis, nothing is impossible for you. Please be merciful to this person. Let Me not be separated from My lord. Text 57 (gg) ka: (smitva) vasi-krtatmasi vasindra-duskarais tavadya rdhe nava-bhakti-damabhi tad-ista-siddhim krta-gokula-sthiti sada mad-ardhna tvam apsyasi smitvasmiling; vasi-krtaconquered; atmaself; asiYou are; vasi-indrafor great sages and ascetics; duskaraihdifficult to perform; tavaof You; adyatoday; rdheO Rdh; navafresh; bhaktiof devotion; damabhihwith the ropes; tatof this; ista request; siddhimthe success; krtadone; gokulain Gokula; sthitih residence; sadacontinually; matof me; ardhnatahfrom the worship; tvamYou; apsyasiwill attain.

Ka: (Smiling) O Rdh, You have conquered Me. You have bound me with the ropes of ever-fresh devotion, which even great sages and ascetics cannot attain. By always staying in Gokula and always worshipping Me, You will attain the fulfilment of Your request. Text 58 (a) abhimanyu: (socchvasam) a-i bhatta-jana-vacchale kada vi mahurahimuhi ma-e na rahi-a kadavva. ta iha vasanti tumam esa arahedu. sawith; ucchvasama sigh; a-iO; bhatta-janato the devotees; vacchalekind; kada viat any time; mahurato Mathura City; ahimuhieager to go; ma-eby me; nanot; rahi-aRdhik; kadavvashall be; tatherefore; ihahere; vasantiresiding; tumam you; esaShe; arahedushall worship. Abhimanyu: (Sighing) O goddess who is very kind to her devotees, I shall never take Rdhik to Mathura. She shall always stay here and worship you. Text 58 (b) jatila: (rdhm alingya) a-i go-ula-nandini rakkhidamhi. rdhmRdh; alingyaembracing; a-iO; go-ulaof Gokula; nandinidelight; rakkhidasaved; amhiI am. Jail: (Embracing Rdh) O girl who brings happiness to Gokula, I am saved! Text 58 (c) vnd: (abhimanyum aveksya). vidhvamsayati hi pumsam sadhvi parivaditayumsi para-devatatra gauri bhava-grahiny asau vadatu

abhimanyumat Abhimany; aveksyaglancing; vidhvamsayati destroys; hiindeed; pumsamof men; sadhvia chaste girl; parivaditainsulted; ayumsithe span of life; para-devatathe supreme goddess; atrahere; gauriGauri; bhavathe love of the devotees; grahiniwho accepts; asaushe; vadatumay speak. Vnd: (Glancing at Abhimanyu) A chaste girl will destroy the lifespan of men who insult her. The supreme goddess Gauri, who responds to the love of her devotees, will now give us her opinion. Text 59 (a) ka: dhanyabhimanyo kalyana-sadhika te rdhik. tad asyam navisrabdhena bhavitavyam bhavata. dhanyaO fortunate; abhimanyoAbhimanyu; kalyana auspiciousness; sadhikabringing; teof you; rdhikRdhik; tat therefore; asyamin Her; nanot; avisrabdhenawithout trust; bhavitavyamshould be; bhavataby you. Ka: O fortunate Abhimanyu, Rdhik is the source of your good fortune. Do not ever loose faith in Her. Text 59 (b) abhimanyu: de-i rahi-vesam kadu-a su-alena amba me parihasijjai. tam pekkhi-a macchari anahinno micchahisattim uppavedi. de-iO goddess; rahias Rdh; vesamthe dress; kadu-adoing; su-alenaby Subala; ambamother; memy; parihassija-iis ridiculed; tamhim; pekkhi-aseeing; maccharienvious; anahinno ignorant; micchafalse; ahisattimscandal; uppavedicreate. Abhimanyu: O goddess, Subala dresses up like Rdh and makes fun of my mother. When envious ignorant people see Him, they gossip about this mythical scandal. Text 59 (c) lalita: ahimanno ditthi-a sa-am ce-a visatthosi.

ahimannoAbhimanyu; ditthi-aby good fortune; sa-am personally; ce-acertainly; visatthosiyou have trust. Lalit: Abhimany, fortunately you yourself have confidence in Her. Text 59 (d) abhimanyu: amba ehi mama gharam. savvassa-im mahura-pure nedum nijuttam janam nivaremha. (ity ambaya saha harim pranamya niskrantah). ambaO mother; ehicome; mamamy; gharamto the house; savvassa-imall the household goods; mahura-pureto Mathura City; nedumto take; nijuttamengaged; janama servant; nivaremha let us stop; itithus; ambayamother; sahwith; harimKa; pranamyabowing down; niskrantahexits. Abhimanyu: Mother, come with me to my house. We shall stop the servant I have engaged to carry all my household goods to Mathura City. (With his mother he bows down before Ka and tehn exits). Text 59 (e) sakhyau: (rdhm aslisya sasram) ha pi-a-sahi kadham pamarehim tumam mahura-pure nedum niccidasi. rdhmRdh; aslisyaembracing; sawith; asramtears; ha O; pi-adear; sahifriend; kadhamwhy?; pamarehimby this wretched people; tumamYou; mahura-pureto Mathura City; nedum to take; niccidadecided; asiYou are. The Two Gopi-friends: (Embracing Rdh, with tears) O dear friend, why did these wretched people want to take You to Mathura City? Text 59 (f) (pravisya) paurnamasi: (sananda-smitam)

angaragena gaurangi hiranya-dyuti-harini mam agre ranjayaty esa nikunja kula-devata pravisyaentering; sawith; anandaof bliss; smitama smile; angaragenawith cosmetics; gaurayellow; angiwhose limbs; hiranyaof gold; dyutithe splendor; hariniremoving; mamme; agrein the presence; ranjayatidelights; esashe; nikunjaof the forest-grove; kulaof the multitude; devatathe goddess. (Enters) Paurams: (With a jubilant smile) This goddess who rules over these forest-groves, and whose yellow complexion, even though created by cosmetics, eclipses the splendor of gold, brings me great delight. Text 60 (a) ka: (parikramya) bhagavati vande. parikramyawalking; bhagavatiO noble lady, I offer My respectful obeisances. *************** translation???? **************** Text 60 (b) paurnamasi: asih-satam. hanta yasoda-matah distya bhavatadya samvardhitasmi yad aham rdhik-vislesa-vedananam anabhijni-krta. asihof blessings; satamhundreds; hantaindeed; yasoda Yasoda; matahmother; distyaby good fortune; bhavataby You; adyatoday; samvardhitablessed; asmiI am; yabecause; aham I; rdhikof Rdhik; vislesaof separation; vedananamof the sufferings; anabhijni-krtaignorant.

Paurams: Hundreds of blessings upon You. O son of Yasoda, today You have blessed Me with all good fortune, for today I have remained without knowledge of Rdhik's sufferings in separation from You. Text 60 (c) ka: uttirna parama-bhayad babhuva rdh nirbadhajani bhavati gatadhi-suci nihsankam pramadam itas tathadya sakhya kartavyam bhagavati kim priyam tavasti uttirnalifted; paramasupreme; bhayatfrom fear; babhuvahas become; rdhRdh; nirbadhafreed from all obstacles; ajanihas become; bhavatiYou; gatagone; adhiof anxiety; sucihthe sharp point; nihsankamfree from fear; pramadamhappiness; itah attained; tathain that way; adyanow; sakhyahgopi-friends; kartavyamshould be done; bhagavatiO girl full of all transcendental opulences; kimwhat?; priyamfavor; tavaof you; astiis. Ka: Rdh is now rescued from the great fear. Now the sharp point of Her anxiety is removed. Now her gopi friends are also delighted and free from all fear. O girl who possesses all transcedental opulence, what else may I do tp please you? Text 61 (a) paurnamasi: (sanandasram). gokula-bandho badham avandhyajanmasmi krta. tathapi kincid abhyarthaye. sawith; anandaof bliss; asramtears; gokulaof Gokula; bandhoO friend; badhamcertainly; avandhyanot barren; janma with a birth; asmiI am; krtadone; tatha apinevertheless; kincit something; abhyarthayeI request. Paurams: (With tear of joy). O friend of Gokula, now my birth is fruitful. Still, there is one thing further that I request. Text 61 (b)

prathayan guna-vnd-madhurim adhi-vndvana-kunja-kandaram saha rdhikya bhavan sada subham abhyasyatu keli-vibhramam prathayanexpanding; gunaof transcendental qualities; vnd of the host; madhurimthe sweetness; adhi-vndvanaof Vndvana; kunjathe groves; kandaramin the recesses; saha with; rdhikyaRdhik; bhavanYou; sadaeternally; subham auspicious; abhyasyatumay perform; keli-vibhramamamorous pastimes. Displaying the sweetness of a host of transcendental qualities, may You eternally enjoy auspicious amorous pastimes with Rdhik in the groves of Vndvana forest. Text 62 (a) kim ca antah-kandalitadarah sruti-putim ugdhatayan sevate yas te gokula-keli-nirmala-sudha-sindhuttha-bindum api rdh-madhavika madho madhurima svarajyam asyarjayan sadhiyan bhavadiya-pada-kamale premormir unmilatu kim cafurthermore; antahin the heart; kandalitasprouted; adarahdevotional faith; srutiof the ears; putimthe opening; ugghatayanopening wide; sevateserves; yahone who; teof You; gokulain Gokula; keliof amorous pastimes; nirmalapure and splendid; sudhaof the nectar; sindhufrom the ocean; utthaarisen; bindunthe drops; apieven; rdhof Rdh; madhavaikaof the madhavi creeper; madhoO springtime; madhurimsweetness; sadhiyatmay attain; bhavadiyaof You; padafeet; kamalefor the lotus flower; premaof love; urmihthe waves; unmilatumay become manifest. O Ka who is the springtime that makes the madhvika vine of Rdh blossom with happiness, may that person whose loving devotion with happiness, may that person whose loving devotion for You has already sprouted in his heart, and who, opening his ears, serves and worships the drops of nectar from the splendid and pure nectar ocean of Your amorous pastimes in Gokula, attain the kingdom of Your

transcendental sweetness. May he swim and float in the waves of pure love for Your lotus feet. Text 62 (b) ka: (smitva) bhagavati tathastu. tad ehi. go-dohavasane mam apreksya cintayisyantau pitarav avilambam gokulam pravisya nandayavah. (iti niskrantah). (iti niskrantah sarve). smitvasmiling; bhagavatiO noble lady; tathain that way; astu may it be; tatthen; ehicome; goof the surabhi cows; dohaof milking; avasaneat the time; mamMe; apreksyanot seeing; cintayisyantaumay worry; pitarauparents; avilambamwithout delay; gokulamGokula; pravisyaentering; nandayavahlet us delight; itithus; niskrantahexits; itithus; niskrantahexit; sarve all. Ka: (Smiles) O noble lady, so be it. Come here. Not seeing Me at the time of milking the cows, My parents will become very worried. Without delay let us go to Gokula village and give them pleasure. (He exits). (Everyone exits).

Grantha-samapti (Epilogue) Text 1 rdh-vilasam vitankam catuh-sasti-kala dharam vidagdha-madhavam sadhu silayantu vicaksana rdhof Rdh; vilasamwith the pastimes; vitacompleted; ankamthe final act; catuh-sasti64; kalaarts; dharam manifesting; vidagdha-madhavamthis Vidagdha-madhava; sadhu nicely; silayantumay study; vicaksanahthe learned.

This Vigdha-madhava, which contains the transcendental pastimes of Rdh and the 64 transcendental arts, is now completed. May those who are learned and intelligent carefully study it. Text 2 nanda-sindhu-banendu sankhye samvatsare gate vidagdha-madhavam nama natakam gokule krtam nandanine; sindhueight; banafive; induone; sankhye bearing the numbers; samvatsarein the year; gategone; vidagdhamadhavamVidagdha-madhava; namanamed; natakamthe play; gokulein Gokula; krtamcreated. This play named Vidagdha-madhava was written in Gokula in the year 1589 Saka (corresponding to A. D.) Text 3 santa-sriyah parama-bhagavatah samantad dvai-gunya-punjam api sad-gunatam nayanti dosavalim aparitapitaya mrduni jyotimsi visnu-pada-bhanji vibhusayanti santapeaceful; sriyahand full of transcendental opulences; paramatranscendental; bhagavatahthe devotees of the Lord; samantahin all ways; dvai-gunyadoubling; punjammany times; apieven; sat-gunatamthe state of having good qualities; nayanti lead; dosaof faults; avalimthe host; aparitapaitayawith coolness; mrdunigentle; jyotimsithe stars; visnuof Lord Visnu; padaof the feet; bhanjipossessing; vibhusayantidecorate. The peaceful, saintly devotees of the Lord repeatedly double the value of the good qualities of this book. The dark sky of the faults in this book they cool and decorate with the twinkling stars of the remembrance of Lord Visnu's lotus feet.