a users guide to the fall kill creek

Prepared by the Columbia University Urban Landscape Lab, PAUSE, Landmine Studio and eDesign Dynamics for Hudson River Sloop Clearwater and the Fall Kill Watershed Committee, with support from the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Hudson River Estuary Program.

a users guide to the fall kill creek

Copyright 2012 Hudson River Sloop Clearwater, Inc., Janette Kim, Alice Feng, and Matthew Slaats. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any manner without written permission from the authors. This guide was created as a part of the Fall Kill Plan, a master plan for transforming the Fall Kill Creek into a vibrant community resource. For more information see http:// fallkill.org. Organizer: The Fall Kill Plan was initiated and organized by the Hudson River Sloop Clearwater, Inc. and the Fall Kill Watershed Committee. Coordinator: Ryan Palmer, Green Cities Department at Clearwater. Committee Members: Andrew Sawtelle (Hudson River Housing), Bob Mallory (City of Poughkeepsie Common Council, 3rd Ward), Ed Glisson (Mid Hudson Childrens Museum), Elizabeth Celaya (Hudson River Housing), Harvey Flad (Vassar College), Jeff Anzevino (Scenic Hudson), Joe Chenier (City of Poughkeepsie Engineering Department), Nancy Cozean (Upper Landing Committee), Roy Budnik (Mid Hudson Heritage Center), John Mylod (City Resident, Fisherman). Sponsor: The Fall Kill Plan is supported by a New York State Hudson River Estuary Program grant: Assessing Watershed Restoration Opportunities in the Fall Kill Watershed.

Design Team: This guide was conceived of and created by the design team for the Fall Kill Plan: Janette Kim, team coordinator Urban Landscape Lab, Columbia University www.urbanlandscapelab.org Matthew Slaats, Poughkeepsie-based community outreach leader PAUSE www.matthewslaats.com Alice Feng, landscape designer Landmine Studio www.alicefeng.net Eric Rothstein, habitat and hydrology specialist eDesign Dynamics www.edesigndynamics.com Research and design fellows: Eliza Montgomery, Marianne Koch, Caroline Ellis, John Buonocore, Sydney Talcott, and Meg Kelly.

Table of Contents
02 Introduction to the Fall Kill Creek 08 How to Use this Guide 20 The Fall Kill Plan 22 Design Catalog Parks Public Infrastructure Institutions Industrial Businesses Commercial Businesses Residents 49 Bibliography

The Fall Kill Creek runs through the heart of Poughkeepsies north side neighborhoods. It has defined the economic, environmental and historical life of the city. Yet in the past 50 years, it has been forgotten, neglected and hidden from residents and neighborhoods in need of vibrant public space.

Today, the creek is a dumping ground for refuse, and supports few animal species. Its poor water quality not only threatens the health of all Poughkeepsie residents, but affects the Hudson Valley region downstream. The creeks New Deal era stone walls are decaying, and flooding has threatened many properties.

How can the creek can be an asset to the city, not a liability?

City residents, businesses and institutions can make use of this extraordinary natural resource. Public access to the creek could initiate opportunities for the creation of new neighborhood centers. A greenway along the creek could link historic landmarks, urban trails such as the Walkway Over the Hudson, the train station, and the city center. Green infrastructure practices and the construction of wetland and riparian habitat can improve water quality and aid in the control of flooding and erosion.

This guidebook offers ideas for Poughkeepsie citizens to get involved in revitalizing the creek. Ideas range from small to large, from individual to collective, from temporary to permanent, from cheap to expensive, and from private to public. Even the smallest action can make a difference if it is tied to a larger, shared idea.

We invite you to adopt and customize these ideas. Discuss them with your neighbors, and see how together we can make the Fall Kill into a vibrant public resource.

WHO IS THIS BOOK FOR?

How to Use This Guide

Shown in this guide are design ideas that Poughkeepsie citizens can adopt to create unique spaces along the creek that support users activities and green infrastructure practices at the same time. In each case, readers should consider the following questions, and ask how these are suited to their needs, budget, space available, and the conditions of their property along the creeks edge. How do you want to use the creek? How can you improve water quality and habitat? How can you manage erosion? What kind of site do you have? While some ideas involve simple, do-it-yourself strategies, others suggest significant changes to the creeks edge. These more complex approaches will require consultation with the City of Poughkeepsie Planning Division, an architect or landscape architect, a hydrology engineer, a habitat restoration specialist, and/or a licensed contractor. In addition, readers are also encouraged to use this guide to ask how the creek can be used in a broader sense. You might, for example, host activities such as a block party or a workshop researching the creek with a school, church, or youth group. You might join a local non-profit and participate in creek clean-up events. You might record an audio tour of the creek including stories of residents along the creek for others to enjoy. Or you might join a local institution and work together to organize, fundraise and build a pocket park in your neighborhood.

CITY AGENCIES At a large scale, the city and its community partners can direct initiatives throughout the creek. This can include signage and infrastructural changes, or planning and regulatory changes that can help set up public rights-of-way agreements with private landowners.

COMMUNITY INSTITUTIONS Community centers, schools, public service agencies, after-school programs, and other community institutions can play a central role in creating pocket parks and public access to the creek. These areas can provide event space for these institutions, and attract new people to their neighborhoods.

businesses and retail districts Improved access areas along the creek can provide space for outdoor dining, marketplaces, picnic areas, and other functions for retail districts. Pocket parks and walkways along the creek can help to foster a vibrant and safe street life during both day and night, and help to invite visitors from the region.

homeowners and tenants Homeowners and tenants can implement changes on their private property. Changes to the backyard can transform homes into creekfront properties, and attract tenants to multifamily residences.

HOW d0 YOU WANT TO USE THE CREEK? Today, the creek is often neglected and used as a dumping ground. It is a liability for land-owners, and is often fenced off. Despite these challenges, many people still explore its persistent beauty. Some fish or walk along the waterfront. Organizations host trash cleanup events and engage students in citizen science programs exploring the creeks ecosystems. Improved public access to the creek can support a multitude of uses, and build on existing urban activities to enliven neighborhoods. The creek can provide event space and attract new audiences for local institutions. Similar waterfront projects have also proven to boost real estate values and attract tenants to adjacent neighborhoods.

Outdoor classroom + citizen science programs

Pocket parks + Playgrounds + After-school programs

Fishing, bird-watching, + nature-trail activities

Ampitheater + Performances + Film Screenings

Business District picnic areas and gathering spaces Backyard and Community Gardens Playing Fields Bike and walking paths for recreation and commuting

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How can you improve water quality and habitat? A primary objective of this guide is to foster a deeper relationship with the creek among the people of Poughkeepsie. We want residents to see and admire the creeks potential, and believe that resident participation is vital to the successful revitalization of the creek and its neighboring communities. Water quality and habitat can improve if citizens take ownership of the Fall Kill, enjoy the creek through walking and playing, and integrate it as part of our everyday experience. The Fall Kill Creek is featured on the New York State Priority Waterbodies List as a Class C stream, meaning it is safe for fishing but not for swimming. Significant problems in the creek include high

fecal coliform counts, high contaminant and nutrient levels (nitrate, phosphate, sulfate, heavy metals, hydrocarbons), high temperatures due to a sparse tree canopy, and deficient oxygen levels. The creek is also littered with sizable debris, from shopping carts to discarded bicycles. Poor water quality adversely impacts wildlife habitat and decreases recreational use of the waterway. At a large scale, improvements to water quality and habitat demand the development of a Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4) that can separate stormwater from the citys sewage system; the identification and mitigation of point sources of sewage spills and leaks upstream; and the creation and preservation of habitats around the creek. At medium and small scales, community groups and residents can adopt green infrastructure practices to treat stormwater and create habitat. The DEC defines green infrastructure as the network of naturally occuring and engineered systems in the environment, generally vegetated, that provide ecosystem services. Green infrastructure practices manage stormwater runoff while maintaining or restoring natural hydrology. Green Infrastructure practices can recharge groundwater, filter pollutants through soil and vegetation, and control flooding and stream bank erosion. At the same time, the restoration and cultivation of new habitats such as wooded or wetland riparian buffers at the edge of the creek can support endangered, rare, and well-populated species.

Rainwater

Combined Sewage Overflow

Drinking Water

Existing Combined-Sewer Overflow (CSO) infrastructure

Restored Riparian Buffer Rainwater Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4)

Ground Water Recharge Drinking Water

Recommended Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4) + Green Infrastructure

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Potential Fall Kill habitat

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Green Infrastructure practices can be adopted throughout the Fall Kill Creek watershed:

Green roofs: Layers of soil and vegetation installed on rooftops that capture runoff, and encourage the evaporation and evapotranspiration of stormwater.
http://www.dec.ny.gov/lands/58930.html

Rain barrels: A container that captures and stores stormwater runoff to be reused on site.
New York State Stormwater Management Design Manual

Vertical garden: Vegetation grown directly on retaining walls or building facades adjacent to the creek.
New York State Stormwater Management Design Manual

Creek daylighting: The removal of culverts to restore natural habitats, better attenuate runoff by increasing the storage size, promoting infiltration, and help reduce pollutant loads.
New York State Stormwater Management Design Manual

Porous pavers: Permeable pavement surface with a stone reservoir underneath designed to allow stormwater to infiltrate through the surface.

Street tree network: A system of connected street trees designed to reduce stormwater runoff, increase nutrient uptake, and provide bank stabilization.
New York State Stormwater Management Design Manual

Rip rap: A layer of stone designed to protect and stabilize areas subject to erosion.
http://www.dec.ny.gov/docs/water_pdf/sec5bperm11.pdf

Riparian buffer restoration: A healthy vegetated buffer that can filter and slow polluted runoff.
http://www.dec.ny.gov/lands/58930.htm

Rain gardens: Planted areas of wetland vegetation allow stormwater runoff to be absorbed into the ground.

Bioswale: Natural drainage paths or vegetated channels used to transport water instead of underground storm sewers or concrete open channels.
http://www.dec.ny.gov/lands/58930.html

Wall patch: The reinforcement of an existing creek wall with stone.

Bio-technical erosion control: The use of live, woody, and herbaceous plants to stabilize or protect creek banks.
Site Engineering for Landscape Architects

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How can you manage erosion? The Fall Kill was channelized through a series of stone walls in the New Deal Era. The embankments were designed to direct water away from the watershed as quickly as possible, but have destroyed the creeks riparian habitat. Walls currently line approximately 2.5 miles of the creeks length. Many areas are buckling and bending into the creek, and the foundations of many walls have been eroded away. Where they are necessary to protect existing structures along the creek, walls can be repaired by reinforcing the foundation, patching the masonry wall, or by building vertical planted surfaces.

It is also vital to understand that while erosion is most apparent at the creek side, areas adjacent to the creek greatly impact the Fall Kill. Collection of rainwater and use of permeable surfaces in neighborhoods away from the creek would minimize effects downstream.

Existing Channelized Wall

Riparian Edge
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WHAT KIND OF SITE do you have? Listed here are erosion control strategies for conditions commonly seen along the creek. Sites not adjacent to the creek: Erosion is not a direct concern here, but sites within the watershed can adopt Green Infrastructure practices to impact water quality. Buried creek: The creek should be daylighted, or uncovered, wherever possible. (see Green Infrastructure practices above). Narrow sites: Where they are necessary to protect existing structures along the creek, walls can be repaired by reinforcing the foundation, patching the masonry wall, or by building vertical planted surfaces. Wide sites: The Fall Kill Management Plan of 2006 recommends that failing stretches of the wall be allowed to crumble wherever possible.

Anywhere inside the creek watershed

Culvert

High embankment with stone wall

With wall embankment

Bridge Crossing

Bi-level embankment with stone wall

Soft riparian edge

Other soft edge

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This guide is part of a larger initiative called the Fall Kill Plan, a master plan for the creek aimed at transforming the waterway into a vibrant community resource. The plan encourages city officials, organizations, businesses and homeowners in the City of Poughkeepsie to work together to activate and revitalize the creek. The purpose of the Plan is to create active public spaces along the creek, support city residents and institutions, improve creek water quality, and restore habitat for plants and animals. The Plan consists of a research report, a phased master plan, pilot site designs for pocket parks, and a guide for Poughkeepsie citizens. To see the Fall Kill Plan and comment on it: http://fallkill.org.

WALKWAY CORRIDORS

WALKWAY CORRIDORS

FALL KILL WATERSHED

rnpik

P Salt =POCKET PARKS

FALL KILL CREEK

CRICKET PITCH

Tu oint

St

INNIS CORRIDOR

UNDERWEAR FACTORY PUBLIC SAFETY BUILDING

Man

sion

Mansion

We st

St (E

ast-

Brookside Av

VERRAZANO BLVD

Mill

VERRAZANO BROOKSIDE

azan Verr

d o Blv

DONGAN PARK

Mid-Hudso

n Bridge

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Walkway Over the Hudson

HUDSON RIVER CORRIDOR

CHILDRENS MUSEUM

TRAIN CORRIDOR STATION PARKING LOT

UPPER LANDING

Dongan Pl

Chu rch S

t (Ea

st-W est A

rteri

al)

Cath

arin

eS

Marke t St

Colum

bus Dr

N Brid

ge St

Water St

Garden

St

Corridors,or continuous walkways accessible to the public. Zones marked here could be created along city-owned land, and by forming public rights-of-way easements with individual land owners. While this Plan seeks the eventual creation of a continuous walkway from the Hudson River to Val-Kill, these zones have been selected as high priority areas. They have been identified based on their ability to activate new neighborhood centers, and connect areas of public significance. They include sites designated in the citys land use plan as public, service, commercial and industrial uses.

Arte

St

rial)

CROSSROADS MILL, MAIN AND CLINTON STREETS

Clinton St

Pocket Parks, or parks integrated into the street life of each neighborhood. The locations highlighted here can be designated as future pocket parks sites. Sites have been chosen for their potential to act as new neighborhood centers. Here, the creek connects to spaces of public significance, corridors for bikes and pedestrians, and institutions that provide public or retail services to Poughkeepsies communities. High priority sites noted here include areas already accessible the public or under public ownership that can feasibly be developed as pocket parks.

MANSION SQUARE CORRIDOR

FAMILY PARTNERSHIP CENTER

MALCOLM-X PARK + BEULAH BAPTIST

CATHARINE ST COMMUNITY CENTER

Main

Sm

St

ith

St

The Plan focuses on two main strategies:

MIDDLE MAIN CORRIDOR

Persh

ing S

Innis Av

the fall kill Plan

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parks

Design Catalog
Design suggestions are shown here according to common land use types, but they can be adapted for a broad range of activities. including: Parks Public infrastructure Institutions Businesses Residents

garden path

EXISTING CONDITION: bilevel edge with wall

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE: wall patch

URBAN IMPACT: neighborhood park

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parks

parks

basking beach

playing field

EXISTING CONDITION: wide site with wall

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE: bio-technical erosion control

URBAN IMPACT: neighborhood park

EXISTING CONDITION: wide site with a culvert

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE: creek daylighting

URBAN IMPACT: linear greenway

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PUBLIC infrastructure

PUBLIC infrastructure

THEATER + event space

BLOCK PARTY

EXISTING CONDITION: Bridge crossing

URBAN IMPACT: bridge crossings

EXISTING CONDITION: Bridge crossing

URBAN IMPACT: bridge crossings

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PUBLIC infrastructure

INSTITUTIONS

business district streetscape

COMMUNITY GARDEN

EXISTING CONDITION: street and bridge

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE: street tree network

URBAN IMPACT: street tree corridor

EXISTING CONDITION: narrow site with a wall

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE: bioswale

URBAN IMPACT: networked stormwater

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INSTITUTIONS

INSTITUTIONS

parking lot + event space

tidal pool + outdoor classroom

EXISTING CONDITION: narrow site with a wall

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE: permeable pavers

URBAN IMPACT: distributed improvement

EXISTING CONDITION: narrow site with a soft slope

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE: riparian buffer restoration

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INSTITUTIONS

BUSINESSES

greenhouse + winter garden

wetland NATURE TRAIL

EXISTING CONDITION: wide site with a wall

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE: rain barrels

URBAN IMPACT: distributed improvement

EXISTING CONDITION: wide site with a soft slope

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE: riparian buffer restoration

URBAN IMPACT: linear greenway

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BUSINESSES

BUSINESSES

INDUSTRIAL history tour

TIME SHARE MARKET

EXISTING CONDITION: wide site with a soft slope

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE: bioswale

URBAN IMPACT: linear greenway

EXISTING CONDITION: wide site with a wall

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE: permeable pavers

URBAN IMPACT: timeshare event space

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BUSINESSES

BUSINESSES

art installation event

beer garden

EXISTING CONDITION: wide site with a wall

URBAN IMPACT: timeshare event space

EXISTING CONDITION: bilevel edge with a wall

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE: vertical garden

URBAN IMPACT: distributed improvement

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BUSINESSES

BUSINESSES

SIDEWALK SALE

grEENWAY + TO GO WINDOW

EXISTING CONDITION: wide site with a wall

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE: permeable pavers

URBAN IMPACT: timeshare event space

EXISTING CONDITION: wide site with a wall

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE: riparian buffer restoration

URBAN IMPACT: commuter pathway

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BUSINESSES

RESIDENTS

PICNIC AREA

PLAYGROUND + PARKING LOT TIMESHARE

EXISTING CONDITION: wide site with a wall

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE: rip rap

URBAN IMPACT: business district

EXISTING CONDITION: narrow with with a wall

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE: permeable pavers

URBAN IMPACT: distributed improvement

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RESIDENTS

RESIDENTS

no mow lawn + bird habitat + cat run

day care deck

EXISTING CONDITION: wide site with a soft slope

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE: riparian buffer restoration

URBAN IMPACT: distributed improvement

EXISTING CONDITION: narrow with with a wall

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE: rain garden

URBAN IMPACT: distributed improvement

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RESIDENTS

RESIDENTS

shared backyard + hot tub

deck

EXISTING CONDITION: narrow with with a wall

URBAN IMPACT: communal backyard

EXISTING CONDITION: wide site with a soft slope

GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE: bio-technical erosion control

URBAN IMPACT: distributed improvement

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About the Authors:

Project Coordinator: Hudson River Sloop Clearwater Ryan Palmer, Green Cities Project Coordinator and Fall Kill Watershed Coordinator 724 Wolcott Ave, Beacon, NY 12508 (845) 265 - 8080 x 7114 Ryan Palmer is a Hudson Valley native who first joined the Clearwater team in 2004 as an Environmental Associate, where he spent 3 years developing early watershed protection initiatives: serving as the original coordinator of the Hudson River Watershed Alliance and the Fall Kill Watershed Committee. He holds BS in Environmental Science and Wildlife Biology from the University of Rhode Island and has training in Land Use Law, Stream Monitoring, Biodiversity Assessment, Watershed Management, and Energy Efficiency Auditing. Ryan returned to the Clearwater team in 2011 as the first Green Cities Project Coordinator, leading their watershed protection, green infrastructure, and environmental justice projects in Poughkeepsie, and providing strategic planning and capacity building support for their regional Green Cities, Clear Waters Initiative. For over 40 years, Hudson River Sloop Clearwater has been at the forefront of the environmental movement as champion of the Hudson River, working to pass landmark legislation like the Clean Water Act, providing innovative educational programs, environmental advocacy, and musical celebrations, including the renowned annual Clearwater Festival, to inspire, educate, and activate millions of people. Founded by music legend and environmental activist Pete Seeger, the organization began with the launch of the sloop Clearwater in 1969 a majestic replica of the sloops that sailed the Hudson in the 18th and 19th centuries. Listed on the National Register of Historic Places, the 106-foot-long sloop is among the first vessels in the U.S. to conduct science-based environmental education aboard a sailing ship, creating the template for environmental education programs around the world. More than half a million young people and hundreds of thousands of adults have experienced their first real look at an estuarys ecosystem aboard Clearwater. The organizations strong connection to youth, environmental education, and its agenda to create the next generation of environmental leaders, are all part of building and strengthening a Green Cities Initiative for a green economy and a more inclusive and diverse environmental movement. Utilizing the greatest natural resource in the region, the Hudson River, Clearwater has become the grassroots model for producing positive changes to protect our planet. Design Team Coordinator: Urban Landscape Lab, Columbia University Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation Janette Kim, Director www.urbanlandscapelab.org 46

Janette Kim teaches at the Columbia University Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation. She is director of the Urban Landscape Lab, an inter-disciplinary applied research group at GSAPP. Janettes work focuses on design and ecology in relationship to public representation, interest, and debate. The lab and Kims design practice, All of the Above, have worked with the Metropolitan Transit Authority in New York and the City of Newark, as well as non-profit advocacy groups. Janette has been awarded by the Van Alen Institute New York Prize Fellowship. And as partner of Town/ Kim studio, she won an international design competition to design the AIDS Memorial in San Francisco. Janettes work has been featured on NPRs Brian Lehrer Show, Artforum, Architect, and other journals including Volume, which recently published her article Biosphere 2s Contested Ecologies. Janettes work has been exhibited on the New York City subway system and galleries including Artists Space, Eyebeam, and the Storefront for Art and Architecture. Janette holds a Masters of Architecture from Princeton University and a Bachelor of Arts from Columbia University. Community Outreach Leader: PAUSE Matthew Slaats ,founder www.matthewslaats.com A native of Wisconsin, Matthew completed his MFA and MA from the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 2005 and his BA in Archaeology from the University of Evansville in 1999. His artistic career has a vast array of interests focusing around community engagement, performance, installation, video, and sound. This has led him to pursue various media based projects that explore the relationship between people and place. In 2009 he completed a community image archiving project in Hyde Park, NY and a mobile gaming project in Poughkeepsie, NY. In 2010 he started working with Middle Main Revitalization to support the development of cultural assets in Poughkeepsie. This has lead him to start PAUSE, a non profit that partners artists, local organizations and residents to collaborate on rebuilding decaying communities Landscape Designer: LandMINE Alice Feng, principal www.alicefeng.net Alice is a landscape designer with a professional focus on ecologically engaged projects in the public realm that deal with issues relating to environmental stewardship, economic regeneration, and public/private interests. She is currently working with a multidisciplinary team at AECOM on New York Citys East Midtown Waterfront Esplanade which seeks to transform the waters edge between 37th street and 61st street along the East River into an attractive recreational thoroughfare, involves numerous infrastructural and cultural complexities, and includes a major focus on urban aquatic 47

habitat restoration. Also at AECOM, she has been project designer on the World Trade Center Memorial District, which includes streetscape design, campus security planning, an elevated park and transportation hub plaza designs. Alice previously worked at Balmori Associates where she was project lead on numerous international competitions, helping the firm win 1st Prize for Darat King Abdullah II House of Culture & Art in Amman, with work commissioned by Zaha Hadid Architects. Also at Balmori Associates, she was project designer for several public and private green infrastructure projects including Duke Universitys Central Campus Masterplan which was designed to attain Silver LEED rating, storm water management for the Headquarters for the Botanical Research Institute of Texas, and repurposing of old infrastructure in the Farmington Canal Greenway. Alice has also worked at Scape Studio where she collaborated in a multidisciplinary team on a design proposal that incorporated bio-ecological processes to manage projected rising sea levels, which was exhibited at the Museum of Modern Art in New York and P.S.1 in Brooklyn (Rising Currents: Projects for New Yorks Waterfront, Oyster-tecture). Alice Feng holds a Master of Landscape Architecture from Harvard University and a Bachelor of Fine Arts from Parsons School of Design. Habitat and Hydrology Engineer: eDesign Dynamics Eric Rothstein, Managing Partner and Engineer www.edesigndynamics.com Eric Rothstein is a hydrologist with fifteen years of experience working on a variety of sustainability projects. Mr. Rothsteins career has focused on ecosystem restoration and water resources planning within urban centers. He currently leads the team investigating the sustainable water resource planning for the proposed 60-acre development at Willets Point, Queens, New York. His international work includes water resource and ecosystem planning in Sao Paulo, Brazil, rural Rwanda, and the Aegean coast of Turkey. Mr. Rothstein previously worked as a project manager for New York City for over seven years. In that capacity, he managed ecological restorations including salt marshes, fresh water wetlands, grasslands, and forests and developed naturalized stormwater management structures. Examples of Mr. Rothsteins built work can be found in all five boroughs of New York City and beyond. He has also worked for a national ecological restoration firm where he worked on master planning of ecological, stormwater management and soil components for large scale developments. Mr. Rothstein has lectured on wetland restoration and stormwater management issues at the graduate level at Harvard, Columbia, and The University of Pennsylvania. He teaches continuing education courses to professionals through the State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry. Mr. Rothstein holds an M.S. in Soil and Water Engineering /Hydrology from Cornell University and a B.S. from the University of Wisconsin, Madison. Research and Design Fellows: Eliza Montgomery, Marianne Koch, Caroline Ellise, John Buonocore, Sydney Talcott, and Meg Kelly. 48

Bibliography
Fall Kill Plan http://fallkill.org Fall Kill Environment and Ecology A Watershed Management Plan for the Fall Kill, Dutchess County, New York, prepared by the Fall Kill Watershed Committee, October 2006. http://www.hudsonwatershed.org/plans09/Fall Kill.pdf Dutchess Watersheds Fall Kill Creek general information: http://www.dutchesswatersheds.org/Fall Kill-creek-information A Rapid Trash Assessment of the Fall Kill, Conducted, by Jennifer Rubbo, et. al. (http://dutchesswatersheds.org/images/dwp/Fall Kill/fall_kill_trash_report-final.pdf) Fall Kill Creek Biological Assessment. by Bode, R.W., Noval, M.A., and Abele, L.E., NYS Department of Environmental Conservation, Division of Water, Stream Biomonitoring Unit, Albany, NY. 1998. Hudsonia.org Center for Watershed Protection: http://www.cwp.org/ Fall Kill Documentation Resources City of Poughkeepsie documentation: http://www.cityofpoughkeepsie.com/downloads Federal Emergency Management Area: Flood Insurance Rate Map 1984: http://gis1. msc.fema.gov/Website/newstore/Viewer.htm Green Infrastructure Resources Hudson Valley Regional Council Green Infrastructure Planning: http://sites.google. com/site/greeninfrastructureplanning/ New York State Association of Regional Councils (NYSARC) Water Resource Program: http://www.cnyrpdb.org/nysarcwater/ Site Engineering for Landscape Architects, by Steven Strom, Kurt Nathan, Jake Woland, 2009. New York State Stormwater Management Design Manual: http://www.dec.ny.gov/ chemical/29072.html New York State Department of Environmental Conservation: Green Infrastructure Examples for Stormwater Management in the Hudson Valley: http://www.dec.ny.gov/ lands/58930.html Fall Kill history Main Street to Mainframes: Landscape and Social Change in Poughkeepsie (Suny Series, an American Region: Studies in the Hudson Valley) Harvey K. Flad (Author), Clyde Griffen (Author Poughkeepsie: Halfway up the Hudson, by Joyce C. Ghee, Joan Spence Poughkeepsie, 1898-1998 (Images of America: New York), by Joyce C. Ghee, Joan Spence 49

Legal Resources Charter and Codes of the City of Poughkeepsie NY, v9 (Updated through L.L. No. 2-2010, Ord. No. O-10-17) Local Waterfront Revitalization Plan (1998) General Code: http://generalcode.com/ Land Use Law Center: http://landuse.law.pace.edu/

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