NORMAL VALUES IN OPHTHALMOLOGY

PARAMETER Diameter of eye ball Antero posterior Lateral (horizontal) Vertical Axial length of eye ball At birth At 3 yrs age At 14 yrs age Circumference of eye ball Volume of eye ball Weight of eye ball Diameter of ant horizontal surface of cornea vertical Diameter of posterior surface of cornea Thickness of cornea In the centre In periphery Radius of curvature of anterior central cornea posterior Refractive index of cornea Refractive power of As a whole cornea Anterior surface Posterior surface Corneal endothelial At birth cell density Young adults decompensation Thickness of sclera Posteriorly -thickest EO muscle insertion At equator Near limbus Width of ciliary body Ant part- pars plicata Post part- pars plana Central depth of ant. Chamber Volume of aqueous humour in anterior chamber Volume of aqueous humour in posterior chamber Rate of formation of aq. humour Refractive index of aqueous humour pH of aq. humour in ant chamber Normal range of IOP Equatorial diameter At birth of lens In 2nd decade for life VALUES 24 mm 23.5 mm 23 mm 18 mm 23 mm 24 mm 75 mm 6.5 ml 7 gm 11.75 mm 11 mm 11.5 mm 0.52 mm 0.67 mm 7.8 mm 6.5 mm 1.376 + 43 D + 48 D -5D 6000 /mm2 2400-3000 /mm2(parson 2800 /mm2) <500 /mm2 ( 75% loss) 1 mm 0.3 mm 0.4 0.6 mm 0.8 mm 2 mm 5 mm temporally and 3 mm nasally 3 mm (Parson 2.5 mm) 0.25 ml 0.06 ml 2.3 l/min (1% of ant ch. vol.) 1.336 7.2 (acidic) 10.5- 20.5 mm Hg (15.5+/- 2.57) 6.5 mm 9-10 mm

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Thickness of lens Weight of lens Radius of curvature of ant surface of lens

At birth At extreme of age

Without accommodation With accommodation Radius of curvature of post surface of lens Refractive index of lens Refractive power of lens Accommodative At birth power of lens At 25 yrs of age At 50 yrs of age Near point At 10 yrs At 30 yrs age At 40, 45 yrs age Weight and volume, refractive index of vitreus Thickness of retina at post pole, equator, ora serrata Diameter of Optic disc Macula lutea Fovea centralis Foveola Foveal avascular zone Thickness of ora serrata nasally and temporally Distance of ora serrata from limbus Total number of rods and cones Density of cones, length of cone cells in fovea Length of optic nerve Total Intraocular Intra orbital Intracanalicular Intracranial Total number and thickness of fibres of optic nerve Size of optic chiasma Visible portion of EM radiation spectrum Dark adaptation time- cone and rod adaptation Light adaptation time EO muscle insertion Medial rectus distance from limbus Inferior rectus by Fuchs, 1884, length Lateral rectus of contact arc at Superior rectus

3.5 mm 5 mm 135- 255 mg 10 mm 6 mm 6 mm 1.39 (nucleus 1.42, cortex 1.38) 16-17 D 14-16 D 7-8 D 1-2 D 7 cm 14 cm 25, 33 cm 4g, 4cc, 1.3349 0.56 mm, 0.18- 0.2 mm, 0.1 mm 1.5 mm 5.5 mm / 15o of visual field 1.85 mm / 5o of visual field 0.35 mm (2 DD from disc edge) 0.8 mm (P) 0.7- 0.8 mm and 2.1 mm 6mm nasally, 7 mm temporally 120 million and 6.5 million 1,99,000 /mm2, 80 m 47- 50 mm 1 mm 30 mm 6-9 mm 10 mm 1.2 million, 2-10 m 12 mm horizontal, 8 mm AP 400 (violet)- 750 (red) 5 min (cone) 30 min (rod) 5- 10 min 5.5 mm, 6 mm, 40 mm, 3.7 mm 6.5 mm, 9 mm, 40 mm, 5.5 mm 6.9 mm, 15 mm, 48 mm, 8.8 mm 7.7 mm, 8.4 mm, 42 mm, 5.8

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primary gaze, length Superior oblique of muscle and tendon Inferior oblique length Centre of rotation of eye ball in primary position Angle between muscle Sup and inf recti plane and visual line Sup and inf oblique Angle between axis of eye ball and orbit Number of cell layer Marginal of different parts of Tarsal conjunctival Fornix and bulbar epithelium Limbal Number of glands of Krause in the fornices Number of glands of Wolfring in the tarsal border Distance of puncta from inner canthus Lacrimal canaliculus- diameter Length of canaliculus Vertical part Horizontal part Lacrimal sac- length Total Fundus Body Lacrimal sac breath and capacity Length of NLD Total Intraosseous Intra meatal Diameter of NLD Rate of secretion of tear Refractive index and pH of tear Normal BUT, height of marginal tear strip Length of palpebral Horizontal fissure Vertical in the centre Length of LPS muscle and tendon Size of tarsus- length, thickness Height of tarsus Upper lid Lower lid Number of meibomian glands Number of glands of Zeis Number of glands of Moll (modified sweat) Normal rate of blinking Depth of orbit- along medial and lateral wall 1 mm change in axial length gives ametropia of 1 mm change in radius of curvature of cornea gives ametropia of

16.3 mm, 5 mm, 60 mm, 20 mm 18.4 mm, 17 mm, 37 mm, 1-2 13.5 mm behind apex of cornea 23o in primary position of gaze 51o 23o 5 2 3 8-10 40-42 upper and 6-8 lower 2-5 upper, 2-3 lower Upper- 6 mm, lower- 6.5 mm 0.5 mm 2 mm 8 mm 15 mm 3-5 mm 10-12 mm 5-6 mm, 20 c. mm 18 mm (12-24 mm) 12.5 mm 5.5 mm 3 mm (upper end is narrowest) 1.2 l/ min or 10 cu ml/24 hrs 1.357, 7.4 (7.3-7.7) in sleep > 10 sec, 0.5 mm 18-21 mm at birth, 28-30 mm adult 8 mm at birth, 9-11 mm adult 40 mm, 15 mm 29 mm,1 mm 10-11 mm 4-5 mm 20-30 in each lid, single row 2 glands associated with each cilia Between the cilia, LL>UL 12- 20 times/min 42 mm and 50 mm 3D 6D

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Hypermetropia at birth Listings reduced eye Total dioptric power Principal point Nodal point Anterior focal point Posterior focal point Ant & post focal length

2.5 D + 60 D 1.5 mm behind ant. surface of cornea 7.2 mm behind ant surface of cornea 15.7 mm in front of ant surf of cornea 24.4 mm behind ant surf of cornea 17.2 (15.7+1.5) & 22.9 (24.4-1.5)

Compiled by: Dr Sarbani Roy, MS

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