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TITLE PAGE

OIL & GAS REGISTERED CONTRACTOR SATISFACTION AND WHETHER COLLABORATION AND PARTNERING ARE HAPPENING IN A BESPOKE CONTRACT

MOHD. NORIZAM BIN MD. SALLEH

A Masters Project submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master Project Management Centre for Graduate Studies Open University Malaysia 2012

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OIL & GAS REGISTERED CONTRACTOR SATISFACTION AND WHETHER COLLABORATION AND PARTNERING ARE HAPPENING IN A BESPOKE CONTRACT MOHD. NORIZAM BIN MD. SALLEH October 2012 ABSTRACT This dissertation shall spell out some definitions and the differences between the standard contract and bespoke contract. Most researches that had been conducted in the past were more focused on the issues faced by the client/project providers with their registered contractors e.g. qualities of works, reasons of being late, disputes, variation orders, poor management and planning, voidable of construction contract, extension of time claims and etc. All those studies were normally concentrating on standard contract which are widely used in our country e.g. PWD 203a/b (rev. 2007), PAM, CIDB, IEM and etc. Therefore the author felt there is a need to carry out a study to find out whether bespoke contract which are commonly used by the oil and gas and telecommunication sectors can offers better relation between client and the contractors, towards modern approach such as win-win strategy instead of win-lose, smart partnering, collaboration, cooperative, shared risk and etc. This study shall concentrate on whether the registered contractors involved in this kind of contract trully understood and are satisfied with the Condition of Contract, which bind their construction works. A set of questionnaire will be distributed among the respondents which consist of the companys owner and the contractors management staffs e.g. their project managers, contract managers, engineers, quantity surveyor and construction manager. The questionnaires and the survey are designed to measure and identify the level of satisfaction of the targeted group of a Natural Gas Providers Condition of Contract and whether collaboration and partnering are practised. Collected data from the questionnaires will be examined, analysed and is expected to be able to determine the level of satisfaction of the targeted group and conclusion will later be made. The findings and conclusions will be able to advise us whether or not the contractors understand the Condition of Contract correctly, whether it offers a good relationship between client and contractors towards achieving smart partnership, win-win approach, long-term relationships, cooperative, collaboration, shared risk and etc. From the questionnaires gathered and analysed, conclusions and suggestions may further strengthen the bond between client and the contractors will be made. At the end of the report, recommendations will be made on what are the requirements for future studies. (Keywords: Oil & Gas Registered Contractor Satisfaction, Collaboration, Partnering and Bespoke Contract)
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KEPUASHATIAN KONTRAKTOR GAS & MINYAK BERDAFTAR DAN SAMADA USAHA-SAMA DAN PERKONGSIAN BERLAKU DALAM KONTRAK BESPOK MOHD. NORIZAM BIN MD. SALLEH Oktober 2012 ABSTRAK Penulisan ini akan menyentuh sedikit definisi dan perbezaan di antara kontrak standard dan kontrak bespok. Kebanyakkan penyelidikan yang dilakukan terdahulu lebih terarah kepada masalah-masalah yang dihadapi oleh pihak pemberi kontrak dengan kontraktorkontraktor berdaftar mereka seperti kualiti kerja, sebab kelewatan, pertikaian, variasi kerja, pengurusan dan perancangan yang lemah, kontrak yang terbatal, tuntutan tambahan masa dan lain-lain. Kebanyakkan kajian tersebut lebih menjurus kepada kontrak standard yang digunakan dengan meluas di negara ini seperti JKR 203a/b (versi 2007), PAM, CIDB, IEM dan lain-lain. Jestru penulis merasakan satu keperluan untuk menjalankan kajian untuk mengenal-pasti samada kontrak bespok yang digunakan dengan meluas oleh sektor minyak dan gas serta telekomunikasi menawarkan hubungan yang lebih baik di antara pihak pemberi kontrak dengan para kontraktor di dalam mencapai pendekatan moden seperti strategi menang-menang, perkongsian, kolaborasi, kerja-sama, berkongsi risiko dan lain-lain. Kajian ini akan mengkaji adakah kontraktor minyak dan gas berdaftar yang terlibat dalam kontrak sebegini lebih memahami dan berpuas-hati dengan Kondusi Kontrak yang memeterai kerja-kerja pembinaan mereka. Satu set soalan soal-selidik akan diagihkan kepada responden yang terdiri daripada pemilik syarikat dan staf pengurusan seperti pengurus projek, pengurus kontrak, jurutera, jurukur bahan dan pengurus pembinaan. Soalan soal-selidik dan kaedah pemeriksaan telah direka khas agar ianya dapat menilai dan mengenal-pasti tahap kepuasan kelompok sasaran terhadap Kondusi Kontrak yang digunakan oleh sebuah syarikat Pembekal Gas Asli, juga samada kolaborasi dan usaha-sama dipraktikkan. Data-data yang dikumpul akan diperiksa, dianalisis dan dijangka akan membolehkan tahap kepuasan kumpulan sasaran dikenal-pasti dan keputusanya diketahui. Keputusan yang diperolehi akan mengenal-pasti samada pihak kontraktor memahami Kondusi Kontrak sepenuhnya, samada ianya menawarkan hubungan yang baik di antara pihak pemberi kontrak dan kontraktor di dalam mencapai kerja-sama bijak, pendekatan menang-menang, hubungan jangka-panjang, usaha-sama, kolaborasi, perkongsian risiko dan lain-lain. Daripada soal-selidik yang dikumpul dan telah dianalisis, kesimpulan di ikuti dengan cadangan akan diberikan yang mungkin boleh mempereratkan lagi hubungan di antara pihak pemberi kontrak dengan kontraktor. Pada penghujung laporan, cadangan akan keperluan terhadap kajian lanjutan akan diberikan. (Kata kunci: Kepuashatian Kontraktor Minyak & Gas Berdaftar, Usaha-sama, Perkongsian dan Kontrak Bespok).
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to thank Allah the Almighty for giving me the strength to complete this study. To my supervisor Ir. David Lee Seng Thean, I would sincerely express my gratitude for all the guidance and thoughts that he had given me from the beginning until the final stage in order to complete this research.

Many thanks to all the respondents who had assisted me in the surveys carried out for my research and all the CGS staff that had directly or indirectly assisted me too. Not forgetting my beloved wife, my son other members of my family and friends who had motivated me throughout the research. Last but not least, I would also like to thank everyone who had contributed to the success of my research.

DECLARATION

Name: Mohd . Norizam Bin Md. Salleh Matric Number: CGS 00534317 I hereby declare that this Masters Project is the result of my own work, except for quotations and summaries which have been duly acknowledged.

Signature:

Date: 12th October 2012

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER PAGE AND SPINE .................................................................................................. i TITLE PAGE ......................................................................................................................... ii ABSTRACT.......................................................................................................................... iii ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................................ iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ..................................................................................................... v DECLARATION .................................................................................................................. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS..................................................................................................... vii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ............................................................................................... xi CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background Study ........................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Problem Statement ....................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Objective of the Study .................................................................................................. 3 1.4 Key Questions .............................................................................................................. 4 1.5 Scope of Study.............................................................................................................. 4 1.6 Significance of Study ................................................................................................... 6 1.7 Assumption and Limitation .......................................................................................... 7 1.8 Dissertation Structure ................................................................................................... 8 1.8.1 Chapter 1: Introduction .......................................................................................... 8 1.8.2 Chapter 2: Literature Review ................................................................................. 9 1.8.3 Chapter 3: Research Methodology ......................................................................... 9 1.8.4 Chapter 4: Data Collection and Analysis ......................................................... 10 1.8.5 Chapter 5: Conclusion and Recommendations .................................................... 10 CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................................. 13 2.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 13 2.2 Registered Contractors Satisfaction .......................................................................... 13 2.3 Bespoke Contract........................................................................................................ 16 2.4 Collaborative Approach.............................................................................................. 18 2.5 Partnering ................................................................................................................... 25 2.6 Research Instrument ................................................................................................... 32 2.7 Summary..................................................................................................................... 33 CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ................................................................. 35 3.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 35 3.2 Research Design ......................................................................................................... 36 3.3 Survey Method ........................................................................................................... 37 3.3.1 Questionnaires ...................................................................................................... 38 3.3.2 Semi Structures Interview .................................................................................... 40 3.3.3 Pilot Study ............................................................................................................ 41 3.4 Sampling Method ....................................................................................................... 41 3.4.1 Respondents ......................................................................................................... 42 3.4.2 How to Distribute the Questionnaires Forms. ...................................................... 42 3.5 Likert Scale ................................................................................................................. 43 3.6 Data Analysis.............................................................................................................. 43 3.6.1 SPSS to Analyse Data and Identify Their Reliability .......................................... 44 3.6.2 Average Index (AI) .............................................................................................. 45
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TABLE OF CONTENT, continued


3.6.3 Validation of the Research Instrument ................................................................. 46 3.7 Research Framework .................................................................................................. 48 3.8 Summary..................................................................................................................... 50 CHAPTER 4: DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS .................................................. 51 4.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 51 4.2 Findings ...................................................................................................................... 52 4.2.1 Result from the Pilot Study .................................................................................. 52 4.3 Result from Data Collection ....................................................................................... 53 4.3.1 Demographic of the Respondents ........................................................................ 55 4.3.1.1 Question no 1 ................................................................................................. 55 4.3.1.2 Question no 2, How long the respondent company was already in the industry? ................................................................................................................... 56 4.3.1.3 Question 3: Respondents Age ...................................................................... 57 4.3.1.4 Question 4: Respondents Gender ................................................................. 58 4.3.1.5 Question 5: Respondents Marital Status....................................................... 58 4.3.1.6 Question 6: Respondents Education Background ........................................ 59 4.3.1.7 Question 7: Respondents Current Position ................................................... 60 4.3.1.8 Question 8: Respondents Number of Years in the Company ....................... 61 4.3.1.9 Question 9: Respondents Number of Years Working in the Industry .......... 62 4.3.1.10 Question 10: Respondents Total Number of Years of Working Experiences ................................................................................................................ 62 4.3.1.11 Question 11: Whether Respondents Know What is a Bespoke Contract? . 63 4.3.2 Findings From the Key Questions........................................................................ 64 4.3.2.1 Registered Contractor Satisfaction on the Bespoke Form of Contract Used ........................................................................................................................... 65 4.3.2.2 Establishment and communication of conflict resolution strategy ................ 68 4.3.2.3 Commitment to Win-win Attitude ................................................................. 70 4.3.2.4 Regular Monitoring of Partnering and Collaboration Process....................... 72 4.3.2.5 Clear Definition of Responsibilities .............................................................. 73 4.3.2.6 Mutual Trust .................................................................................................. 74 4.3.2.7 Willingness to Eliminate Non-value Added Activities.................................. 75 4.3.2.8 Early Implementation of Partnering Process ................................................. 76 4.3.2.9 Willingness to Share Resources among Project Participants......................... 77 4.3.2.10 Ability to Generate Innovative Ideas ........................................................... 78 4.3.2.11 Frequency for Subcontractors Involvement ............................................... 79 4.4 Testing Goodness of Data .......................................................................................... 79 4.4.1 Reliability Statistics ............................................................................................. 80 4.5 Summary..................................................................................................................... 80 CHAPTER 5: DISCUSSION, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION.................. 87 5.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................ 87 5.2 Summary of Main Findings ........................................................................................ 87 5.2.1 Research Objective no. 1...................................................................................... 87 5.2.2 Research Objective no. 2...................................................................................... 88 5.2.3 Research Objective no. 3...................................................................................... 89 5.3 Limitations .................................................................................................................. 90 5.4 Conclusion .................................................................................................................. 91
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TABLE OF CONTENT, continued


5.5 Recommendations for Future Studies ........................................................................ 91 REFERENCES .................................................................................................................... 93 APPENDIX A COVER LETTER TO THE RESPONDENT .......................................... 99 APPENDIX B THE QUESTIONNAIRES ..................................................................... 101

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1. 1: Research Flow Chart (Adapted from: Chong, 2008)........................................ 12 Figure 2. 1: Summary of significant factors affecting from partnering success. ................. 31 Figure 3. 1: Five (5) Category Scale to Show the Levels of a Person According to a Question Asked. ................................................................................................ 43 Figure 3. 2: Framework for Research Methodology............................................................ 49 Figure 4. 1: Number of Years the Present Company in the Industry. .................................. 56 Figure 4. 2: Respondents Age. ........................................................................................... 57 Figure 4. 3: Respondents Gender. ...................................................................................... 58 Figure 4. 4: Respondents Marital Status............................................................................. 59 Figure 4. 5: Respondents Education Background. ............................................................. 60 Figure 4. 6: Respondents Current Position. ........................................................................ 60 Figure 4. 7: Respondents Number of Years Working in Current Company. ..................... 61 Figure 4. 8: Respondents Number of Years Working in Oil & Gas Industry. ................... 62 Figure 4. 9: Respondents Total Number of Years Working Experiences. ......................... 63 Figure 4. 10: Whether Respondent Know What Bespoke Contract is? ............................... 64

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LIST OF TABLES
Table 4. 2: Results on the Questions Under Registered Contractor Satisfaction on the Bespoke Form of Contract Uses ....................................................................... 66 Table 4. 3, continued............................................................................................................ 67 Table 4. 4: Frequency for Establishment and communication of conflict resolution strategy .............................................................................................................. 68 Table 4. 5: Results on the Questions under Establishment and Communication of Conflict Resolution Strategy ............................................................................. 69 Table 4. 6: Frequency for Commitment to Win-win Attitude ............................................. 70 Table 4. 7: Results on the Questions under Commitment to Win-win Attitude .................. 71 Table 4. 8: Results on the Questions under Regular Monitoring of Partnering and Collaboration Process ....................................................................................... 73 Table 4. 9: Frequency for Clear Definition of Responsibilities ........................................... 73 Table 4. 10: Results on the Questions under Clear Definition of Responsibilities ............. 74 Table 4. 11: Frequency for Mutual Trust ............................................................................. 74 Table 4. 12: Results on the Questions under Mutual Trust ................................................. 75 Table 4. 13: Frequency for Willingness to Eliminate Non-value Added Activities ............ 75 Table 4. 14: Willingness to Eliminate Non-value Added Activities ................................... 76 Table 4. 15: Frequency for Early Implementation of Partnering Process ........................... 76 Table 4. 16: Results on the Questions under Early Implementation of Partnering Process 77 Table 4. 17: Frequency for Willingness to Share Resources among Project Participants ... 77 Table 4. 18: Results on the Questions under Willingness to Share Resources among Project Participants ........................................................................................... 78 Table 4. 19: Frequency for Ability to Generate Innovative Ideas ....................................... 78 Table 4. 20: Results on the Questions under Ability to Generate Innovative Ideas ............ 78 Table 4. 21: Frequency for Subcontractors Involvement ................................................... 79 Table 4. 22: Results on the Questions under Subcontractors Involvement ........................ 79 Table 4. 23: Reliability Statistics ......................................................................................... 80

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

% & / APM CGS CIDB Dr DOSH e.g. EC EOT et al. FIDIC GLCs ICE IEM ISO JCT JKR KL LAD MBAM MCMC MPM NEC NO OUM PAM PMC PWD SPSS SOR VO

percentage and Or Association for Project Management Centre of Graduate Studies Construction Industry Development Board Doctor of Philosophy Department of Safety and Health Example Energy Commissions of Malaysia Extension of Time et al. also known as and others International Federation of Consulting Engineers Government Linked Companies Institution of Civil Engineer The Institution of Engineers Malaysia International Organisation for Standardization Joint Contract Tribunal Jabatan Kerja Raya Kuala Lumpur Liquidated Ascertain Damage Master Builders Association Malaysia Malaysia Communications and Multimedia Commission Master of Project Management New Engineering Contract Number of Open University Malaysia Persatuan Arkitek Malaysia Project Management Company Public Road Work Statistical Package the Social Sciences for Windows Standard of Rates Variation Order Cronbachs Alpha

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CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background Study

There are various types of contracts for construction business in Malaysia. For governmental, government linked companies (GLCs) and private contracts standard form (PWD 203a/b - revision 2007, PAM, CIDB or IEM) are used. For international contracts, standard contract forms such as the JCT, APM, ICE, FIDIC, NEC and etc. might be used depending on the country of origin of the project providers and the consultant or the project management company (PMC) involved. In some industries such as Oil and Gas and Telecommunications, a modified type of contract derived from any existing standard form of contract will be used.

Standard form of contract is always labelled as a traditional contract strategy that was blamed for the edgy relationship between the project provider and the contractors in achieving a common desired outcome or in other words led them to later fail to perform as a team. A good thing about standard form of contracts is that they have endured years of test, were designed by experts in the field, provide a representative viewpoint of the industry they served and therefore will normally be a fair contract. The standard form of contract should represent both parties on an equal and a fair share basis and not onesided which are sometimes found in a bespoke contract. Standard forms of contract normally express the obligation of all the parties involved and clarify the scope of the project well.

In Malaysia a bespoke contracts are commonly used in the Oil and Gas and Telecommunication sectors. As the works that to be carried out are specialist jobs, the clients normally choose to have their own group of registered contractors to do the job. Although a bespoke contract is often labelled as one-sided contract but with a good payment term, safeguard given by the project providers, modern contract strategies such as win-win approach, partnering, joint decisions, collaboration, rewards, cooperation, trusts and etc., may help in meeting the common project objectives which is to complete the project within or ahead of time, within budget and at an acceptable quality, safety and sustainability.

1.2 Problem Statement

In the past, researches were more concentrated on the issues faced by the client/project providers with their contractors. However, the scope of studies is mainly covering other subjects for instance, the qualities of works, reasons for being late, disputes, variation orders, poor management and planning, void construction contract, extension of time claims, acceleration claims and etc. But all these studies were only concerned and related to the standard form of contract that are widely used in our country e.g. PWD 203a/b (revision 2007), PAM (with quantities), CIDB, IEM and etc.

Traditional contract strategies were always identified as a hindrance to a good working relationship between the client and the contractors. On the other hand, the modern contract strategies which encourage the client and contractors to work as a team, work collaboratively, smart partnering, win-win approach, trust, cooperative, trust, shared

risk, reward and etc. are encouraging the client and the contractors to work together towards achieving the common goals which are to complete the project/task on or ahead of schedule, within budget and at acceptable or as stipulated quality.

There are few studies related to a bespoke contract. Therefore the author felt that there is a need to fill up this void. Among the problems to be addressed in this study are as follows;

i) Are the registered contractors to a bespoke contract satisfied with the form of contract used and how it is managed by the client?

ii) Whether the modern contract strategy is being practised in a bespoke contract.

1.3 Objective of the Study

In order to achieve the purpose of the study, the following objectives have been suggested:

i) To identify whether the registered contractors fully understand the form of contract they use, specifically the bespoke form of contract.

ii) To identify whether the registered contractors are satisfied with the bespoke contract that were commonly used in the Oil & Gas and Telecommunication Sectors.

iii) To identify whether the modern contract strategies such as collaboration and partnering are being practiced in their contract.

1.4 Key Questions

About 80% of the key questions which are later adopted into research questionnaires are adapted from Chan A. P. C. et al. (2004) and they are as follows:

i) ii) iii) iv) v) vi)

Registered contractor satisfaction on the bespoke form of contract uses; Establishment and communication of conflict resolution strategy; Commitment to win-win attitude; Regular monitoring of partnering and collaboration process; Clear definition of responsibilities; Mutual trust;

vii) Willingness to eliminate non-value added activities; viii) Early implementation of partnering process; ix) x) xi) Willingness to share resources among project participants. Ability to generate innovative ideas; Subcontractors involvement;

1.5 Scope of Study

The scope of this study is focused on the followings:

a) Whether the registered contractors fully understand the form of contract they use especially the bespoke form of contract.

b) Whether the registered contractors are satisfied with the bespoke contract that is commonly used in the Oil & Gas and Telecommunication sectors.

c) Whether the modern contract strategies such as collaboration and partnering are being practiced in their contract.

A set of questionnaire will be distributed to the respondents which include the companys owner and the contractors management staff for instance their project managers, contract managers or engineers. The survey & questionnaires were designed to identify all the issues which were stated in the problem statements and aimed to a Natural Gas Operators/Supplier.

Both standard forms of contract and bespoke contract have clauses provided for employers to determinate the contract according to the reasons as stated. Not all contractors are familiar with the clauses provided under the form of contract either due to their background, years of experiences in the fields, the level of academic possessed, job position and etc. Therefore the study on contractors satisfaction in the form of contract, the contract strategies, and etc. shall also cover the demographic and personality profiling patterns of the contractors.

1.6 Significance of Study

There are few studies related to bespoke contract. Therefore the author felt that there is a need to carry out a study to find out whether bespoke contract that are commonly used in the oil and gas and telecommunication sectors offers better relation between client and the contractors, whether the modern approach such as win-win strategy instead of win-lose that have been practiced in the traditional contract are being practised in these fields, whether a good relation between the client and the contractors via smart partnering, collaboration, cooperative, shared risk and etc. are practised.

This study will concentrate on whether the registered contractors have fully understood and satisfied with the form of contract used works and whether the modern contract strategies as mentioned above are being practised.

This study can also be used as a basic guide for those who are involved in the industries that are using a bespoke form of contract. Once a problem statement is clearly understood towards achieving smart partnering, collaboration, win-win strategy, cooperative, and etc., other construction industries may also benefited.

1.7 Assumption and Limitation

This study shall be limited to the bespoke form of contract used by a Natural Gas Operator/Supplier. A set of questionnaire will be distributed to the respondents (the registered contractors) which include the companys owner and the contractors management staff for instance their project managers, contract managers or engineers. Among the reasons are because the duration of the study is very short in which is only roughly about 6 months.

Being among of the pioneer studies in registered contractor satisfaction and its relation to the modern contract strategies, this literature might be very useful as a point of reference and comparison. Therefore the survey that is to be carried out within the same group of people should contribute to a good result. Although managing contracts among the client and contractors will include the scope of constructions and form of contract used, this study will not discuss the details of these areas.

This study will not touch on the comparisons between the bespoke form of contract used by the company studied in this study and the standard form of contract that are broadly used in Malaysia such as PWD 203a/b (revision 2007), PAM, CIDB and IEM and the international standard form of contracts such as JCT, APM, ICE, FIDIC, NEC and etc.

1.8 Dissertation Structure

This project paper will be presented in five chapters starting with an introduction, literature review, research methodology, data collections and analysis and concluded with the conclusion and recommendations.

The chapters are briefly explained as follows:

1.8.1 Chapter 1: Introduction

This chapter will present the background of the dissertation in general. Research issue pertaining to this study were gathered from intensive reading of books, academic journals, referred conferences, reports, dissertations, articles, trade journals, handbooks, and dictionaries which can easily be extracted from the Open University library. It was based on this information that the problem statement and the objectives were then identified and clearly explained

This research is carried out to review whether the registered contractors to a bespoke form of contract uses by a Natural Gas Provider/Supplier fully understood the form of contract used especially the bespoke form of contract; To identify whether the registered contractors are satisfied with the bespoke contract that is commonly used in the Oil & Gas and Telecommunication Sectors; and to identify whether the modern contract strategies such as collaboration and partnering are being practised in their contract.

1.8.2 Chapter 2: Literature Review

When the Research Issues and objectives have been determined, various documentations and literature reviews regarding to the research field will be collected to achieve the research objectives.

Generally, secondary data are collected from the latest printed reading materials such as journals, books, research papers, reports, newspapers and from the internet as well. It is important to identify the determination, background and definition concerning the subject areas such as the bespoke contract, satisfaction, modern contract strategies e.g. collaboration, partnering and etc.

1.8.3 Chapter 3: Research Methodology

This chapter reviews on the research design and methodologies used in this research. Questionnaire and case study by means of semi-structured interviews are applied to fulfil the research objective within the time frame provided. The structures of research design and questionnaire construction are clearly elaborated in this chapter.

A set of questionnaire will be designed to meet the study objectives and will be distributed among the respondents ranging from the companys owner and the contractors management staffs including their project managers, contract managers, quantity surveyors and engineers.

The survey & questionnaires are designed to measure and identify all the issues in the problem statement and the key questions. The questionnaires will be distributed to the targeted group who are belongs to the registered contractors to a selected Natural Gas Operators/Supplier.

1.8.4

Chapter 4: Data Collection and Analysis

Collected data from the questionnaires will be stored, examined and analysed using Statistical Package the Social Sciences for Windows (SPSS). This software will assist the author in analysing the data gathered using statistic and graphs. The results will enable the author in determining and making the conclusion whether the problem statements and the research objectives are met.

1.8.5 Chapter 5: Conclusion and Recommendations

Finally, the whole process of the study will be reviewed with the intention to determine whether or not the problem statements are solved and the research objectives have been achieved. Collected data from the questionnaires will be examined, analysed and are expected to be able to determine the level of satisfaction of the dedicated group, their understandings on the stipulated contracts, number of years serviced in the industry, background and etc.

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The conclusion of these findings will later be concluded. There are a few conclusions that are anticipated in this dissertation that would be able to advise us whether the registered contractors fully understood the form of contract they use especially the bespoke form of contract, whether they are satisfied with the bespoke contract that is commonly used in the Oil & Gas and Telecommunication sectors and whether the modern contract strategies such as collaboration and partnering are being practised in their contract.

Conclusions followed by suggestions are made towards further strengthening of the relationship between the client and the contractors and how to improve the practices of the new contract strategies in a project that may benefit the industry. At the end of the report, recommendations shall be made on what are the requirements to be considered for future studies.

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Identify Area of Study Stage 1: Preliminary Study & Topic Selection Problem identification and topic selection

Literature Review Development of research objectives, questions and scope Formation of Research Methodology Stage 2: Research Proposal Decision on Instruments to Use

Data Collection

Primary Data Semi-structured interview Questionnaires

Secondary Data Articles Journals Books Website Data Analysis and Findings Validation

Stage 3: Data Collection & Analysis

Stage 4: Conclusion

Conclusion & Recommendations

Figure 1. 1: Research Flow Chart (Adapted from: Chong, 2008)

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Achrol, R. S. (1997). Changes in the Theory of Inter-Organizational Relations in Marketing: Toward a Network Paradigm. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, (25(1)). American Arbitration Association. (1993). Construction Industry Dispute Avoidance: The Partnering Process. American Arbitration Association: NCDRC, New York. Ashworth, A. (2006). Contractual Procedures: In the Construction Industry (5 ed.). Harlow, England: Pearson Prentice Hall. Asmah, M. I. (2012). Masalah Kontraktor Dorman Yang Berdaftar di Lembaga Pembangunan Industri Pembinaan Malaysia (cidb). Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. Bell, J. (1993). How to Complete Your Research Project Successfully: A Guide for First-Time Researchers. New Delh: UBS Publishers Distributors Ltd. Bell, J. (1996). Doing Your Research Project: A Guide for First Time Researcher in Education and Social Sience. Bennett, J., and Jayes, S. (1995). Trusting the Team: The Best Practice Guide to Partnering in Construction. Bennett, J., and Jayes, S. (1998). The seven pillars of partnering: A guide to second generation partnering. London: Thomas Telford. Betts, M., and Smith, D. (1999). Strategic Management of IT in Construc tion. Oxford, U.K.: Blackwell Science. Beyerlein, M. M., Freedman, S., McGee, C., & Moran, L. (2003). Beyond teams: Building the Collaborative Organization. San Francisco: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Bishop, D., Felstead, A., Fuller, A., Jewson, N., Unwin, L., & Kakavelakis, K. (2009). Constructing learning: adversarial and collaborative working in the British construction industry. Journal of Education and Work, 22(4), 243-260. doi:10.1080/13639080903290355 Bresnen, M., and Marshall, N. (2000a). Partnering in Construction: A Critical Review of Issues, Problems and Dilemmas. Constr Manage. Econom., (18), p 229237. Bresnen, M., and Marshall, N. (2000b). Motivation, commitment and the use of incentives in partnerships and alliances. Constr. Manage. Econom, (18), p 587 598. Carlile, P. R. (2004). Transferring, translating, and transforming: An integrative framework for managing knowledge across boundaries. Organization Science, 15(5).

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