TIME

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE

CONTENT

TEACHING & LEARNING ACTIVITY TEACHER LEARNER

A.V AIDS

EVALUATION

1 min

INTRODUCTION As a nurse while providing care to a patient we have to follow the steps of assessment, objective, nursing diagnosis, planning, implementation,and evaluation. For writing assessment we have to collect objective and subjective datas. So for this physical examination is to be performed. Define the term, DEFINITION physical Physical assessment includes head to toe examination assessment of child involving inspection, palpation, percussion and auscultation The teacher Students will will explain listen carefully. the definition on the blackboard. White board Define the term, physical examination?

1 min

2 min

List the general principles of physical assessment

GENERAL PRINCIPLES: Establish the order of all data collection according to the needs of the patient. If the parent has come in with more than one child, try to organize some supervision of other children so that you can have a little time with the parents alone. Remember that the safest place for a young child is on the parent`s knee. Attempt to develop rapport with the young patient from the movement you first see or meet him/her. Explain to the school aged child or teenage what you are looking for as you proceed with your examination.

The teacher will list the general principles.

Students will respond well.

White Board

List the general principles of physical assessment.

Examine painful area last-get general impression of overall attitude Be honest. If something is going to hurt, tell them that in a calm fashion. Doesnt lie or you lose credibility! Teacher listed the equipments required for physical assessment. Students contributed their points Enist the equipments required for physical assessment.

1 min

Enlist the equipments required for physical assessment.

EQUIPMENTS FOR GENERAL PHYSICAL ASSESSMENT: * Measurement ruler to obtain length or height. * Weighing Scale to obtain weight. * Measuring tape to obtain head, chest and abdominal circumference. * Thermometer to obtain a child`s temperature. * Watch to count pulse and respiration. * Stethoscope and sphygmomanometer to check the blood pressure.

Articles

2 min

Demonstration of general physical examination of child.

VISUAL INSPECTION OF THE CHILD The general physical description of a child`s health status is based on: Facial activity or expression: indicates possible pain, fear, happiness, dyspnoea or illness. Posture: Hearing or vision loss may cause the child to tilt the head. Activity level: indicates the degree of fatigability. Personal Hygiene: includes the degree of cleanliness of the child`s body and clothing and may indicate the level of care the child receives. Type of clothing: may indicate the financial status of the family or the degree of interest parents have in the child.

Teacher will demonstrate the general physical examination of child. .

Students will carefully watch the demonstration.

Demonstrate the Demonstration measurement of head circumference?

MEASUREMENTS Length or height: Until the child can stand steadily, generally before the age of 5 years, the height is taken as length while the child is lying on a firm table. The length is obtained by placing the feet flat against a fixed upright surface at the zero mark of the rule and measuring from that point to the vertex, against which a flat movable surface is placed. The child`s body is fully extended by flattening the knees and maintaining the head in a midline position. Assistance may be needed to obtain an accurate measurement. When the child can stand straight and tall and can hold the head so that the line of vision parallels the floor surface, a standing height can be measured. The child stands in bare feet against a wall on which there is a ruler; the child`s occiput, upper back, buttocks, and heels touch the wall. The older child may stand on a scale. Weight: The infant is weighed on an infant scale, the older child on an upright platform scale. The scale is balanced before the weight is read. Te scale is protected by a clean sheet of impervious paper for each child. The room must be warm, because infants are weighed undressed and other children usually wear only underpants. Head, Chest and Abdominal Circumference: Head CircumferenceIt is measured until the child is 3years of old. The maximal circumference of the head`s measured by placing a measuring tape anteriorly over the supraorbital ridges and posteriorly over the occipital

protuberance. Chest CircumferenceAt midrespiration, the circumference of the chest is measured at the level of the nipple line. The measuring tape is placed at right angles to the vertebral column. Abdominal CircumferenceThe measurement is made on a recumbent infant at the level of umbilicus, with the measuring tape at right angles to the vertebral column.

SUMMARY: I would like to conclude my topic by asking some questions. 1. Define the term, physical examination? 2. List the principles of physical examination? 3. What are the articles required for performing general physical examination? CONCLUSION: So whatever we learned today everyone should practice during clinical posting according to the general principles. RECAPITULATION Encouraged the students to clarify their doubts regarding this topic.

ASSIGNMENT Write an assignment on general principles of physical examination in adults. Date of submission:

BIBLIOGRAPHY: STUDENTS 1. Dorothy R. Marlow, Barbara A Redding, Textbook of Paediatric Nursing, 6th edition, pg no. 84-88 2. Ghai OP, Essential Text book of Paediatrics, Jaypee brothers, 45-89 TEACHERS 1. Jacob Annamma.[2007] Clinical Nursing Procedures: The Art of Nursing Practice, 1st edition, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers Ltd, New Delhi, page no.265-268 2. Dorothy R. Marlow, Barbara A Redding, Textbook of Paediatric Nursing, 6th edition, pg no. 722-888 3. Ghai OP, Essential Text book of Paediatrics, Jaypee brothers, 45-89