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Explanation of used values D1 D2 p1 p2 p1 - p2 ni mi T rho R kappa diameter of tube throat diameter upstream pressure downstream pressure pressure drop through orifice kinematic viscosity dynamic viscosity upstream temperature upstream density gas constant isentropic coefficient
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Resulting values volumetric flow rate mass flow rate upstream velocity throat velocity upstream Reynolds number expansion coefficient coefficient of discharge
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Theory
Calculation of flow rate using orifice plate calculator is for incompressible flow, based on the Bernoulli principle:
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and:
where is: Q - volumetric flow rate D - diametar Pressure drop through the orifice because of velocity increase can be calculated as follows:
or:
Substituting:
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where is: beta - diameter relation D2/D1 ReD - Reynolds number which can be calculated as follows:
L1 and L2 are functions on tap type and it is: L1=L2=0 for corner taps L1=1 L2=0.47 for D & D/2 taps L1=L2=0.0254/D D[m] for 1" taps
where is: kappa - isentropic coefficient; kappa = 1.4 for air and other two atom gas molecules Other values are calculated using following equations: mass flow:
velocities:
If flowing fluid is gas, then it is considered as incompressible and ideal. Equation for ideal gas:
Appliance
Orifice plate calculator can be used for both liquids and gases. Fluid is considered as incompressible, so density (rho) and temperature (T) are constant through tube. Also, gas is considered as ideal. Units of measure are both in SI and English system. Orifice plate calculator can be used for calculation of: volumetric flow - Q mass flow - G
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velocity on inlet, bigger diameter - V1 velocity on smaller diameter - V2 Reynolds number on bigger diameter - ReD For calculation of those values, necessary values for input are: inlet, bigger diameter - D1 smaller diameter - D2 inlet pressure - p1 either pressure on smaller diameter - p2, or pressure drop p1-p2 either kinematic viscosity - ni, or dynamic viscosity - mi for gases only: either temperature - T, or density - rho gas constant - R for liquids: density - rho Beside four values (Q, G, V1, V2), which calculation is main purpose of calculator, values that are not defined by user are determined in process of calculation (for example: if pressure p1 and temperature T are specified for gas flow value for rho is calculated together with four main values (Q, G, V1, V2)). Also necessery coeffients: expansion - e and discharge - C are calculated and results are shown.
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