THEORIES Cultural Rituals, custom, traditions, language, celebrations (important events), norms of the society System kasta, kaya

vs miskin Sejarah of the place, penjajahan, sejarah pemerintahan Feminism, Masculinity, Queer (both positive and negative aspects) Breaks the tradition - dulu was rejected, now accepted Class struggle - i) social, ii) economic Economic issues - only one person has absolute power

Socialism Historical Gender Po-Mo Marxism Capitalism

POETRY Lyrical Poem Sonnet - Shakespearean, Italian Limericks Ballads Epic Haiku

Write about? characteristics Main theme Effect of poem on reader Form of poem Language used and its impact Persona and targeted group of reader

PLAYS i) SYSTEM OF PROFESSOR TUKO - Al Santos THEME - patriotism and love of country - authoritarian educational system - classroom as microcosm of the larger society CHARACTERS - Tuko (the dictactor) - Bodyok (the rebel) - Kiko (the follower the rebel) - Bodying (the scaredy cat the rebel) CONFLICTS - crisis identity (Phillipines vs Western) - economical crisis - Self-pride SETTINGS - Philippines - classroom situation - Marcos regime IMPORTANT SCENES - daily hygiene check-up routine - teach nationalism, hero is Jose Rizal - remind to bring art materials - sambut delegacies from outside (western) - Romeo Juliet VS Philippine love poem - Act out history lesson - tuko disapproves - student questions - use Martial Law - break mirror - beats student up - perform exorcism - thinks that he killed the kids - regret - kids still alive - tells real story - no money - work as waiter - no time to update syllabus - kids understand - happy ending

ii) The Coffin is too Big for The Hole - Kuo Pao Kun THEME - Modernism vs Cultural - Priority to the living over the dead - Rigid law system CHARACTERS - Grandson - Funeral manager CONFLICTS - extended family breaking up - Showing off richness - lack of land - dead vs living SETTING - modern Singaporean IMPORTANT SCENES - extremely big coffin - rarely sees one - funeral was filled with people - heavy coffin - but still feels proud - coffin could not fit - one man, one grave, one plot - fights with manager - finally allowed a bigger plot - funeral filled with media

NOVEL VILLAGE BY THE SEA - ANITA DESAI THEME - hardship in life - realization of responsibility - love of family CONFLICTS - Hari vs himself (Bombay or stay at THUL) - Hari vs situation (no work in Bombay, no work in Thul, no education, black dark future) - Hari vs family (lila urges to him to get a job, mother needs money, siblings need money, to pay off debt, needs food) IMPORTANT SCENES - Lila went to pray at the rocks - Hari doubt if he can get a job at the factory because no education - Biju builds boat - Pinto was killed by debtors - Hari joined the protestors to Bombay - stay there - meet Jagu, get a job, get to know Mr Panwallah CHARACTERS - Hari - Lila - Father - Biju SETTING - Thul - Bombay

- Mr Panwallah - de Silvas - Jagu (restaurant owner)

- Lila stay at home, take care of mother - Lila work with de Silvas - Hari gained mew skill - as a watchmender - misses family - gets sick during monsoon, worries about family, worries about villagers - Bijus boat save some fishermen - de Silvas took mother to hospital - father changes, no more a drunkard - takes care of mother - Hari get back - wants to open watch shop at the village - happy ending - mother healthy, father came back - brighter future