HEMODYNAMIC MCQ 1. Generalized edema results from all the following EXCEPT: A A. B. C. D. E. Systemic hypertension. Congestive heart failure.

Liver cirrhosis. Nephrotic syndrome. Hyperaldesteronism.

2. Disorders that predispose to thrombosis include all of the following EXCEPT: C A. B. C. D. E. Pancreatic carcinoma. Pregnancy. Vitamin K deficiency. Sickle cell anemia. Oral contraceptive pills.

3. Which of the followings is the mechanism of edema in patients with congestive heart failure? C A. B. C. D. E. Decreased plasma oncotic pressure. Endothelial damage. Increase hydrostatic pressure. Increase vascular permeability. Lymphatic obstruction.

4. What is the most common site of origin of thrombotic pulmonary emboli? B A. B. C. D. E. Lumen f left ventricle. Deep leg veins. Lumen of right ventricle. Mesenteric veins. Superficial leg veins.

5. Dependent edema found in congestive heart failure is most likely due to: B A. B. C. D. E. Lymphatic obstruction. Increase hydrostatic pressure. Arteriolar dilatation. Reduced plasma oncotic pressure. Endothelial injury.

6. Which of the following statements regarding pulmonary emboli is incorrect? A. Most pulmonary emboli are clinically silent. B. Sudden death can result from obstruction of main pulmonary trunck. C. Most cases are derived from superficial veins of the legs and periprostatic veins. D. Pulmonary infarction can occur in patients who have congestive heart failure. E. Paradoxical emboli may occur in patients with atrial septal defect. 7. Reduced plasma oncotic pressure is the most important mechanism of edema in: D A. B. C. D. E. Congestive heart failure. Edema of leg affected by venous thormbosis. Edema of the arm in breast cancer patients. Nephrotic syndrome. Brain trauma.

8. Infarcts tend to be hemorrhagic when they occur in: B A. B. C. D. E. Kidney. Lungs. Spleen. Heart. Brain.

9. The most common site of venous thrombosis is: C A. B. C. D. E. Brain. Kidney. Legs. Liver. Lung.

10. Nutmeg Liver is seen in: C A. B. C. D. E. Liver cirrhosis. Liver necrosis. Chronic passive congestion. Thrombosis of the portal veins. Hemorrhage due to liver trauma.

11. Petechiae is best defined as: C A. B. C. D. E. Subcutaneous hemorrhage measuring 1-2 cm. Subcutaneous edema in association with heart failure. Skin hemorrhages appearing as minute spots measuring 1-2 mm. Hemorrhage into the thoracic cavity. Bleeding inside the pericardial cavity.

12. Which of the following is FALSE regarding anti-phospholipid syndrome? C A. B. C. D. E. Can be seen in association with systemic lupus erythematosus. Patients at risk of repeated miscarriages. Patients at risk of abnormal bleeding. Patients are at risk of recurrent venous thrombosis and pulmonary emboli. Can have false positive serological test for syphilis.

13. Endothelial cell injury is the principal mechanism for production of thrombosis in case of: C A. B. C. D. E. Thrombosis occurring in post-partum women. Thrombosis associated with pancreatic cancer. Thrombosis of atherosclerotic coronary arteries. Protein C deficiency. Left atrial dilatation.

14. Line of Zahn is seen in: D A. B. C. D. E. Venous thrombi. Pulmonary congestion. Postmortum clot. Arterial Thrombi. Amniotic fluid embolism.

15. Mural thrombi is the term used to define thrombi of: E A. B. C. D. E. Thrombi of heart valve. Venous thrombi of the legs. Thrombi of atherosclerotic coronary arteries. Thrombi of ovarian venous plexus. Thrombi occurring in the heart chambers.

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