Prtintversion Vol 13 No 681 PDF

Volume 14 No.
681, SUNDAY, May 19, 2013
Content Matters
Thu Fri Sat
SUNDAY
27
Mon
Tue
Wed
270 130
260 130
250 140
260 130
250 130
240 130
f i v e ( 5 ) b i r r o n ly
he wave of arrests of those suspected of involvement in graft continued unabated last week, with no less than eight having been put into police custody, up until Friday afternoon. The latest to be dragged into the fiasco was Begziyabher Alebel, an architect who owns the majority share of Ultimate Plan Plc and is known to be a close friend of Melaku Fenta, director general of the Ethiopian Revenues & Customs Authority (ERCA). Also known to have developed a close relationship with many of the most senior leaders of the Amhara National Democratic Movement (ANDM) and the regional state, Begziyabher was detained by members of the Federal Police at 10 am, on Friday, May 17, 2013, at his office, according to an eye witness. Investigators were seen conducting searches at his office, in his presence, at Garads SA Building, Africa Avenue (Bole Road), on Saturday morning, with uniformed police officers securing the building. He has yet to appear before court. Suspects who were detained a week earlier had busy days, after they were brought
The wave continues

Meles Makes Africa More Secure
to the Federal High Courts Second Criminal Bench on Chad Street, in Lideta area, beginning on Monday afternoon, May 13. In the picture are police officers, ushering the suspects into the courtroom; at the front is Markneh Alemayehu, prosecutor with the ERCA, followed by Eshetu W. Semayat, chief prosecutor and, between them, is Melaku. Behind them are Ketema Kebede, of KK Plc, and Fikre Maru (MD), of Addis Cardiac Hospital. An unidentified individuals hand covers the face of Simachew K. Kassa, of Addis InterContinental Hotel. They were one of the three groups of suspects that anticorruption investigators have asked the Court to keep in custody, whilst they continue their investigations. Another group of suspects who appeared before judges, presided by Abahoy Guade, included; Gebrewahid W. Giorgis, deputy director of ERCA; his wife, Haimanot Tesfaye (Col.), and her sister, Nigisti Tesfaye, as well as prominent businessman, Nega G. Egziyabher, of Netsa Trading Plc. The number of suspects detained has now reached 32. PLEASE SEE THE FULL STORY ON PAGE 2.
As the 50th anniversary of the African Union (formerly the Organisation for African Unity) is being celebrated, the issue of peace and security, and the role played by the Organisation and its member states, continues to be a primary preoccupation. With his new perspective on peace and security, Meles Zenawi has made Africa more secure than it was previously, argues Abudul Mohammed, a close friend and chief of staff of the African Union High Level Implementation Panel on Sudan. PLEASE SEE THE FULL COMMENTARY ON PAGE 27.
Interest income (2011/12) Dashen (897.7mBr), BoA (497.5mBr), Nib (497.5mBr), United (518.6mBr), Wegagen (6.7bBr), LIB (115.7mBr), AIB (668.7mBr)
Fortune is a weekly business newspaper published and distributed by Independent News & Media Plc. Tel: 251-011 416 30 20. Fax: 251-11-416 30 39. P . O. Box: 259, Code 1110. www.addisfortune.com. Price: 5.00 Br, Djibouti 400 FD, Somaliland 3,000 SL.
Photo Credit: Fortune
Content Matters
Established in May 2000.
Volume 14, Number 681 Sunday, May 19, 2013

Fortune is a weekly business newspaper published and distributed by Independent News & Media Plc. Fortune is a registered newspaper with the Ministry of Trade and Industry under Licence Number 667/98. Independent News & Media Plc is registered by the Ministry of Trade and Industry under Registration Number 020/2/2349/97. Managing Editor Tamrat G. Giorgis tamrat@addisfortune.com Editor-in-chief Yetneberk Tadele Yetneberk@addisfortune.com Bole District Wereda 03 House Number 024 Deputy Managing Editor Hailu Wondimu hailuwondimu@addisfortune.com OP-ED Editor Getachew T. Alemu getachew@addisfortune.com Research Editor Samson Hailu samson@addisfortune.com Features Editor Elleni Araya elleni@addisfortune.com Reporter Melkeam Aschalew melkeam@addisfortune.com Senior Photographer Kalkidan Mihretu kalkidan@addisfortune.com Photographer Samuel Habtab samuel@addisfortune.com Stringers Daniel Kifle Adama (Nazareth) Ashenafe Endale Addis Ababa Columnist Girma Feyissa girma@addisfortune.com Cartoonist Henok Demessie bezeart@yahoo.com Senior Graphic Designer Daniel Amare daniel@addisfortune.com Graphic Designer Ashenafi Chekol ashenafi@addisfortune.com Exclusive Advertising Agent
Editorial The disconnect that is clearly seen between the gross policy recommendations of the EPRDF and the differing production challenges that agriculture and trade are experiencing contribute significantly to the lag in productivity and growth. The scaling-up efforts of the government is a wise approach, but it must be tailored to the individual productions challenges of sectors and the areas they are concentrated in. The one-size-fits-all approach that has been used by the EPRDFites has resulted in a general lag in export earnings, low productivity, stockpiling and lost earnings.
Fortune
Opinion The atypical internal struggles that are experienced during childhood see themselves manifest in the professional and institutional existences of ones adult life. Disengagement was and still remains a major issue in the economic and political arenas of the day, both of which are fast paced and high pressured. It can be perceived as inaction, an unwillingness to take part in group efforts, a detachment from established interests and a lack of initiative to collaborate choices. To reverse the trend, proactive engagement and leadership is a must.
Agenda
Page 30
The wave continues

With the number of detainees increasing by the day, the process looks set to be a drawn out affair. There have been numerous complaints regarding a lack of visitation rights and several health concerns. With the investigation still in full flow and arrests still being made, it may be a while before the full facts of the accusations are disclosed to the public, writes ELLENI ARAYA, FORTUNE STAFF WRITER.
The significant crowd outside the courthouse that was waiting in anticipation for the defendants to be brought to the hearings at the Federal High Court.
The size of courtroom number 223 at the Federal High Court, where the Second Criminal Bench presided on Tuesday afternoon, May 14, 2013, was hardly enough to handle even a quarter of the people standing across the street outside. The crowd knew it, the courthouse guards knew it, and so did the Federal Police officers guarding two buses full of detainees whose cases were being heard that day. People congregated outside the courtroom from half past one in the afternoon. As the crowd grew larger, they formed two lines, separated by gender. But, the line slowly became bookended, as more people came in; becoming a large disordered crowd by the time the detainees were bussed in. After Federal Police consulted amongst themselves, one officer slowly got into the Toyota pickup truck accompanying the buses and quickly swerved the vehicle towards the courtroom door. No sooner had the crowd of people heard the roaring engine that they understood the entrance into the courtroom was being blocked.
Many shoulders slumped, as most started talking about how it would be nearly impossible to get a seat inside. Family members, friends and relatives of the detainees were standing on tip-toes trying to get a glimpse of familiar faces inside the buses. Others were just curios observers, eagerly chatting about the best way to guarantee a seat inside. Such was the interest generated by the shocking arrests of several high-level government tax officials and business heavyweights; including Melaku Fenta, director general of the Ethiopian Revenues & Customs Authority (ERCA), with a ministerial portfolio, who was taken from inside his office headquarters, at around 5pm, on May 10, 2013. Also, among the list were - Melakus deputy, Gebrewahid W.Giorgis; businessmen, such as Ketema Kebede, of K.K. General Trading, the importer of equipment
machinery; and Simachew Kebede, of InterContinental Addis. The arrests were made in connection to alleged corruption that the Federal Ethics & Anti-Corruption Commission (FEACC), together with the National Security Agency (NSA), were investigating. Although they said they had been carrying on investigations for the past six months, they were hardly finished, with the headcount of people arrested still increasing by the day. When the detainees had their first court appearance on Monday afternoon, May 13, there were a total of 24 people presented to the court, with three separate files. But, the headcount did not stop there. The following Wednesday, Tewoldebistrat G. Mehdin, an ERCA investigator, who had served at the Federal Police Forensic Department
(Maekeleawi) where the detainees are now being kept was added to the roster. Seven other mid-level officials and businessmen, were brought to court on Friday. Among them was Mamo Abdi, the Tax and Customs advisor to Melaku Fenta at ERCA. On what grounds the initial 24 were detained was disclosed during the first court hearing, on Monday. Melakus file includes other ERCA officials, such as: Eshetu Woldesemayat, head of the Prosecutors Directorate, and Markneh Alemayehu, prosecutor; Asmelash Woldemariam, Kaliti Customs head; Ketema Simachew, and Fikru Maru (MD), a Swedish national who runs Addis Cardiac Hospital. Clad in casual clothing, including jackets and sportswear, they stood before judges, Abahoy Guade (centre), Berihu Tewoldeberhan and Yosef Kiros. Standing on the wooden stairs in the defendants box, they listened as investigators read out a list of what the detainees were suspected of. Melaku and other officials allegedly terminated loan-sharking investigations and charges on businessmen, whose cases they were
Commercial Information Agency Plc adfortune@yahoo.com ad@addisfortune.com Tel: 251-11-416-3020 Fax: 251-11416-3039 PO Box: 259, Code 1110 Addis Abeba, Ethiopia Sierra Leone Street (Debre Zeit Road) Next to Global Hotel, Kirkos District, Kebele 03 House No. 542 Tegene Building, 7th Floor. Email: tengirt@eudoramail.com addisfortune@hotmail.com fortune@addisfortune.com
DHL is currently negotiating with the Ethiopian Postal Service Enterprise (EPSE), to have access to each others delivery networks. Though the two mail carriers were supposed to have finished negotiations and sign a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU), on May 8, 2013, the signing did not happen as planned. Page 5
DHL
ECX
The Ethiopian Commodities Exchange (ECX) has held an exclusive auction for farmers cooperatives seats. The ECX reserved 12 seats or coffee, 10 for sesame and five for haricot bean supplying cooperatives. This is part of an effort by the organization to increase the number of cooperatives that hold seats at the exchange. Page 6
ETSwitch
EthSwitch SC a consortium of all the banks in Ethiopia, including the NBE is choosing between two companies for the award of a turnkey contract for the supply and implementation of a centralised electronic banking system. The company opened the financial proposals of two foreign companies, on May 7, 2013. Page 9
Viewpoint
Watering down development ambitions is not the answer to the upcoming end of the MDG programme that has been lagging in achievement. Instead of diluting the aspirations of developing nations, the new document that is being prepared should seek to inspire governments and the development community and the public to aim higher. Page 27
Arada
The new condominium sites that have been constructed to replace destroyed villages that were once a staple of the Addis Abeba existence, fall far short of the standards of comfort and ease. The models that were used to build these housing complexes did not take into consideration better examples like Gutenberg which would have made condominium living better. Page 35
Photo by: Fortune
Fo rt u n e Vo l . 14 No. 681 M ay 19, 2013
P ag e 3
THE NUMBERS
Coffee (Arabica) $/kg
3.07%
Oil US $/bbl
0.12%
Ethiopian Birr/US $
0.11%
2.93
handling. Debebe Degafe, Woldemichael Fetira and Belete Balema (Insp), who were the investigators representing the Commission, asked the court for 14 additional days for investigation. They stated that they wanted to complete taking the testimony of the arrested, collect documents and take statements from witnesses. They also asked that bail rights be denied, due to the influence and financial resources at the disposal of the suspects. Oral arguments proceeded after this, with Judge Berihu, for the most part, speaking for the bench. Only Melaku and Ketema were represented by lawyers. Melaku, who had a subdued demeanour most of the time, occasionally whispered to the other ERCA officials detained alongside him, during all three of his court appearances last week. Almost all of those presented complained of ill health. Melaku and Eshetu stated that they are being treated abroad for illnesses, which the government is aware of. But, the strongest in his appeal was Markneh. Being visually impaired is a natural prison on its own, he told judges. I cant get the appropriate support when using toilet facilities, nor can I tell if it is clean or dirty. It was Melaku who led Markneh in and out of the courtroom, when they appeared together on Monday and Wednesday. All the suspects stated that the Federal Police has had more than enough time to investigate, hence arguing for bail rights. Separately, Melaku also requested immunity, as he is an elected legislator for the Addis Abeba City Council. The judges deliberated until Wednesday, at which time they accepted all of the Commissions requests. The cases of the suspects were adjourned until May 27, 2013. Melakus case, however, was postponed until
96.02
18.9035
behind him, explaining to the judges that their son was detained while visiting her. He was not aware of this until the hearing. Arresting me for investigation is fine, he said. But, why my family, including my wife and now my son should be arrested is unclear. Then he added bitterly, Where is the country heading to? Gebrewahid found out, during Tuesdays hearings, that his son had been released from custody. There were major complaints surrounding the denial of visitation rights, at both Monday and Tuesdays hearings. After hearing Judge Berihus assurances that the rights of all detainees are guaranteed by the Constitution, Gebrewahids wife remarked, on Monday, As someone who has contributed to the protection of detainees, I ask that they be respected. On Tuesday, however, the retired Colonel came back with further complaints, including having to undergo a full body cavity search and being asked to jump up and down. This was denied by the Commissions investigators. Since most of the suspects, including Gebrewahid, complained of being denied access to visitation by lawyers, they were allowed a 15-minute recess to confer with their attorneys. Gebrewahid and a few others hired their lawyers during this recess, from the pool that was present in the courtroom. As the judges continuously heard complaints about visitation rights being denied, they summoned Berhanu Abebe (Com), head of the Crime Investigation Department at the Federal Police, working out of Maekelawi, for an appointment on Friday, which was heard along with Melakus case. Although the inspector, on Friday, stated that
Friday of the same week, after he was told to present proof of immunity. By Friday, Melaku himself would also be denied bail. After presenting proof of a seat in the Addis Abeba City Council, which he has held since 2008, he later waived his immunity rights. In between presenting his documents and waiving his rights, he had been whispering to the new batch of detainees. The list included his advisor, Mamo Abdi, who was not present for the court hearings, as his house was being searched at the time. Investigators said they were glad that Melaku sees that the evidence presented is expired, because a new Council was elected this year. Melaku would later counter this, stating that the 2008 Council would still convene until the end of the year. The only time he was heard speaking directly to the judges was to correct his lawyers earlier remarks that he was kept in a dark room, without access to medication. If things continue this way, his life is threatened, the lawyer told the court. My lawyer did not see me until yesterday, so perhaps he does not know of situations that have changed now, he stated. My cell has no ventilation and I am kept alone, but it is not dark. Getting medication has also proved difficult at the jails clinic, although, according to him, he was able to access some from outside. After accepting Melakus waiver, his hearing was also adjourned, along with the others, until May 19th. The judges did not comment on whether his evidence was valid or not. Gebrewahid et als hearing did not span as late as Fridays, despite the list of accusations being much longer than Melakus. On the same file as him, there are 11 other suspects, including his wife, Haimanot Tesfaye (Col.); his sister-in-law, Negesti Tesfaye; Meheretab
Begziyabher Alebel, architect and majority share of Ultimate Plan Plc
Abreha, brother of former TPLF veteran, Seeye Abreha; and Nega G. Egziabeher, who runs Netsa Trading Plc. which owns Nega City Mall, on Marshall Tito Road. The long list of accusations on this file included the alleged facilitation of the import of cement, using the prohibited franco valuta method and halting investigations for the businessmen suspected alongside them. Only Nega had legal representation on Monday, and even he was only introduced to his two-strong legal team at the hearings. The investigators asked for the same 14 days, as they did in Melakus hearing. But, since detainees were not represented, the case was adjourned until the next day. During the first hearing on Monday, Gebrewahid had an outraged expression. This became more visible after he heard his wife, standing
the Commission had been obeying court orders, the judges still found it necessary to stress that the suspects rights should be respected. During investigations, the suspects rights may have been slightly suppressed, the judge stated. The Federal Police and the Commission should pay due attention and respect rights, all of the judges commented, one by one. The visitation rights issue were also visible during the hearing of the third case of six mid-level ERCA officials, including Mohamed Aza Awol and Mareshet Tesfaye, who runs a transit company. The ERCA officials were accused of allegedly letting in contraband goods without inspection. Since they did not have a lawyer, their case was postponed until Tuesday. On Tuesday, as again many did not have their lawyers, another adjournment, until Friday was given. But, even on Friday, no oral argument was to take place, since the suspects were not brought in by the police. Commission investigators, who stated that they did not know why the suspects were not present, asked for another court date for Monday, May 20, 2013. The judges reluctantly granted this request. The new detainees, brought in on Friday, were not able to be heard, either. Two of them Mamo and businessman Mamo Kiros, were absent, as their houses were being searched, while the hearings were taking place. Even after the weeks court saga came to a close, the Commission was still busy investigating. On Saturday morning, they were searching the office of Ultimate Plan Plcs, Begziahere Alebel, located on the sixth floor of the SA Garad Mall, in his presence. How many more arrests will come out of the investigation is yet to be seen.
A d v e r t i s e m en t s
P ag e 4
Construction of Ethio-Kenyan Electric Highway to Commence
N E W S
By YETNEBERK TADELE FORTUNE STAFF WRITER The construction of the Ethiopia Kenya interconnector high-voltage electric highway line will start in September 2013. The project has secured financing from the World Bank (WB) and the African Development Bank (AfDB). Both banks will provide 80pc of the funds needed for the 1.26 billion dollar project. The WB will lend Ethiopia 243 million dollars and Kenya 441 million dollars. The AfDB is lending an additional 242.9 million dollars to the project. The Ethiopian government will contribute 21.1 million dollars with the Kenyan government contributing 88 million dollars. The project is expected to provide revenues to Ethiopia, through the export of electricity to Kenya, and increase the volume and reduce the cost of electricity supply in Kenya. It will also enable electric powersharing between the two countries and pave the way for more regional cooperation between the countries of East Africa, said Meheret Debebe, chief executive officer (CEO) of the Ethiopian Electrical Power Corporation (EEPCo). There is no
Miherete Debebe (left) CEO of EEPCo, Guang Z Chen, WB Country Director for Ethiopia, Alemayehu Tegenu, minister of Water and Energy and Lamin Barrow, resident representative of the African Development Bank after the signing ceremony at the Hilton Hotel.
doubt that cross border electricity interconnection and power trade has become a target for each country, due to its tremendous advantages to all the interconnected countries, in both economical and social aspects. The Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) of the project was signed in December 2009, between the Ethiopian and Kenyan governments. When completed, the project will
The WB will lend Ethiopia 243 million dollars and Kenya 441 million dollars. The AfDB is lending an additional 242.9 million dollars to the project.
improve the access to affordable energy to around 870,000 households in Kenya and earn 500 million dollars a year for Ethiopia, according to data from the AfDB. The power trade strategy, to be developed under the power trade program study in the region, will enable the countries from the regional energy market, supported by the Ethiopia-Djibouti, Ethiopia-
Sudan and Ethiopia-Sudan-Egypt power interconnections, said Meheret. The 1,070Km power line will run from Wolayta Sodo, in the Southern Region of Ethiopia, to Suswa, 437Km northwest of the Kenyan capital city, Nairobi. The line will have the capacity to carry 2,000Mw, with the power sources coming from hydroelectric projects in Ethiopia. The loan agreement has already been approved by the banks and the draft tender document for the design has been submitted to the project office and it is expected to be finalised by the end of May, 2013. The project is expected to be completed in 2016. To realise the scheduled completion of the project, it requires cooperation and prompt resolution from all stakeholders and decision makers, said Meheret. Ethiopia has the potential to generate 45,000Mw electric power from single source hydropower, however, currently, Ethiopia is only generating 2,100Mw. The government has envisioned increasing the present generating capacity to 10,000Mw, by the end of the 2015.
A d v e r t i s e m en t
Photo by: Samuel Habtab
Ethiopian Post to Gain Access to DHL Routes

Despite an initial delay in proceedings, a memorandum of understanding is set to be signed as early as next week
By ELLENI ARAYA FORTUNE STAFF WRITER according to the source from EPSE. It would have been sooner [the previous week], had higher officials not been busy. If the agreement is signed it will allow DHL to use the EPSEs Express Mail Service (EMS) for its local delivery chain, while EPSE would get access to DHLs international delivery channels. The Ethiopian wing of the EMS has 450 domestic service stations, according to its website. Mail and packages are delivered within two or three days. Although DHL currently uses EMS on a contractual basis, it is only limited to destinations where EMS has an airplane network. DHL, for its part, dominates the courier market internationally, reaching around 229 countries worldwide. In the US, where it was founded in 1969, it trails behind other couriers, however. Aside from mail delivery, DHL also provides logistics services. Currently, DHL has a service expansion strategy in Subsaharan Africa. In Ethiopia, it has partnered with the National Oil Company (NOC) to provide its services at certain stations. The deal with EMS may include using DHLs logistics services internationally, although this is not yet decided upon, according to the source. The MoU will be a partnership agreement for the future, according to the source from the EPSE. Later on, EMS and DPDHL, may sign a Service Level Agreement based on this MoU, the source told Fortune. The Public Relations office within the EPSE declined to comment on the issue, when approached.
N E W S
P ag e 5
Deutsche Post DHL (DPDHL) - a partnership between Deutsche Post (DP) and DHL - is currently negotiating with the Ethiopian Postal Service Enterprise (EPSE), with the view of using each others delivery networks. The pair were set to finish negotiations and sign a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU), on May 8, 2013. However, signing was cancelled at the last minute, after invitations to media members were sent out. Negotiations were not finalised on time, Essete Gabriel, CEO of DHL, told Fortune. No details were officially mentioned as to what kind of negotiations were delaying the agreement; a source from the EPSE informed Fortune, however, that there was a technicality in the agreement that the EPSE wanted to clarify with its legal department. Negotiations have thus far been positive and the agreement will be signed, sources from both sides confirmed. The signing of the MoU may even take place next week,
The deal with EMS may include using DHLs logistics services internationally
A d v e r t i s e m en t s
Close to 260 projects in Ethiopia with 110 billion Br combined capital have begun implementation within the last nine months of the current fiscal year. Although the number of projects that began implementation is less than that of the same period the last fiscal year, the amount of capital has increased by 87 billion Br. The projects that are currently in the construction, implementation and pre-implementation stages have so far created permanent and casual job opportunities for about 92,216 employees. A little more than 166 projects with a registered capital of 5.2 billion Br also begun productions between July 2012 and March 13, 2013.The investment projects have created permanent jobs for 5,139 employees. The Ethiopian Investment Agency (EIA) issued licenses to 611 investment projects worth 40.7 billion Br during the same period, which is expected to create job opportunities for 47,000 employees.
Read Less: Know More
Projects Implemented Surpass Last Year
Sub Saharan Africas Investment Rate to Rise

Most Sub Saharan Africa countries will see their investment rate rise to an average 24pc between 2010 and 2030, a rate higher than its 2005 to 2009 average of 21pc, says the report published by the World Bank (WB). Last week the Bank published the report titled Capital for the Future: Saving and Investment in an Interdependent World. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows to sub Saharan Africa, jumped from 29.5 billion dollars in 2010 to 36.9 billion dollars in 2011, a level comparable to the peak of 37.3 billion dollars achieved in 2008. FDI to Ethiopia plunged by 82 million dollars to reach 206 million dollars in 2012, according to a World Investment Report released this month by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD).
Zemenay Yilma, a young mother of two, is a regular buyer of incense, although she rarely steps foot in Etan terra - Merkatos own market for small and medium incense retailers.
N E W S
6
Vo l . 14 No. 681 M ay 19, 2013
Fortune
SMOKEY PERFUME
PAGE 18
ECX Exclusive Cooperative Auction Falls Short of Expectations

Exclusive auction for farmer cooperative seats only rejects one offer and accepts the rest
By ELLENI ARAYA FORTUNE STAFF WRITER The Ethiopian Commodity Exchanges (ECX) exclusive auction for farmers cooperatives seats attracted few and vastly differing offers, all but one of which were declared winners for the seats they sought. The Exchange has a total of 329 seats, 15 of which are held by farmers cooperatives. These cooperatives are even less significant in their trading participation, accounting for just 2.2pc of the 601,000tns traded in 2012. The reason for their low presence, according to both cooperatives and the ECX, is that they are permitted to bypass the Exchange in exporting their products. Additionally, most of them happen to have a limited financial capacity to compete with businesses for auctioned seats. ECXs seats, which were auctioned at a starting price of 50,000 Br when the Exchange was launched in 2008, reached an average of 1.35 million Br in 2012, with the highest offer being 3.5 million Br. It was during the ECXs annual meeting with cooperatives, at Ghion Hotel, availed, the remaining 18 bidders were all declared winners on May 16, 2013. Their offers, which were made with the expectancy of lesser competition, ranged from as little as 117,300 Br, by Tabor Farmers Cooperative Union, for a haricot bean seat; to 983,891.70 Br, by Burka Kaliti Farmers Cooperative Union for yet another coffee seat. This offer was even far larger than the second highest offer of 345,000 Br, by Arba Gugu Union. Ten Seasame producing cooperatives participated in the tender, offering an average of 191,000 Br. The lowest successful bidder was the haricot bean producer, Tabor Cooperatives Union, which offered 117,300Br. Four haricot beanproducing cooperatives participated in the tender, offering an average of 178,000Br. We anticipated that prices would be lower, since there was no competition from businesses, said Tilahun Assefa, general manager of Tabor Union, which has 86 cooperative unions, with one million farmers as members. The Union produces 15,000qt of haricot bean a year, and has a capital of 7.2 million Br. Previously, the individual cooperative
Antenneh Assefa (left) CEO of the Ethiopian Commodities Exchange along with Abinet Bekele (right) chief strategy officer at the auction of seats held on May 16, 2013.
in January 2013, that the Exchange announced there would be an exclusive auction for cooperatives, in order to boost their presence on its trading floors. It floated the auction for 30 seats, with a starting price of 100,000 Br, in April 2013, reserving 12 for coffee, 10 for sesame and five for haricot supplying cooperatives, with the remaining three
left open for other commodities. The seats bidders made offers on would not limit the commodities they could later trade, if they won. The exchange said that 25 cooperatives had bought the bid document, but only 19 made offers, even after the ECX had postponed the closing date, from April 31 to May 16. One cooperative, Awroplan Marefia Cooperative, was
disqualified because it offered only 20,000 Br; this bidder is a primary cooperative, not a union formed by several cooperatives, which would have given it financial leverage. ECXs executives were expecting a much higher turnout of at least 200 offers, according to Abenet Bekele, Chief Strategy Office (CSO) of the ECX. There being too few offers for the seats
Photo by: Kalkidan Mihretu
Photo: Fortune File
N E W S
P ag e 7
members used intermediaries, to which they paid a commission of 0.5 to two percent for each transaction. We will try to cut this cost when we become ECXs members, he told Fortune. A possible 20.1 million Br could have been gained, if calculated by the average price of previous ECX auctions, according to a press statement released by the ECX. The fact that the ECX floated the tender, despite the risk of attracting low prices, shows its commitment to helping small scale farmers and its determination to support the Growth and Transformation Plan, said Anteneh Assefa, CEO of the ECX, speaking at a press conference he held with Abenet. The number of cooperatives that are part of the ECX will now reach 33, which is nine percent of the total membership. But, this still remains a miniscule amount when compared to the 505 cooperative unions that exist in the country, according to 2011 figures. If member unions traded at full capacity, the representation would have been enough, Anteneh told Fortune. But, this is mostly not the case. Some cooperatives do not make a transaction for as long as six months, according to a source with close ties to cooperatives, who wished to remain anonymous. This is because harvest season is limited to a certain time of the year and the trading schedule of the ECX may not coincide. Cooperatives have permission to directly export products like coffee, sesame and haricot beans that are mandated to be traded only via ECX, Anteneh told Fortune, explaining the low participation of the unions.
Even those that bought seats at the ECX may use it only when they do not find customers using other channels, according to Alemu, from Tabor. His cooperative plans to use the ECX to access international market prices and sell commodities left over from direct exports, in addition to purchasing other commodities for its individual members. The low participation at the tender may also be explained by the low capital of the majority of cooperatives. The ECX requires that cooperatives have sufficient assets and financial
capacity to participate on the trading floor, Alemu Chane, manager of the Sesame-producing, Gozamen Cooperative Union, which won a seat at the tender, for the sixth lowest amount of 134,550 Br, told Fortune. The bid document required that trading members must have assets amounting to 500,000 Br. For intermediaries who trade for themselves as well as for clients, the requirement was raised to a million Birr. Moreover, bidders for trading and intermediary membership needed a bid bond of 200,000 and
300,000 Br, respectively. For many cooperatives with lower capital, or without products to export frequently, it could be cheaper to use intermediaries, according to an instructor at Adama University, who is doing a research on cooperatives. Larger unions benefit more from the membership, according to Alemu, from Gozamen, which has 53.3 million Br in capital and a membership of 56 cooperatives, with 91,000 farmers. The union once sold 3000qt of sesame for
eight million Br, through the ECX, which cost it 80,000 Br in intermediary fees. Since we plan to start exporting sesame next year, a seat is a viable option, Alemu told Fortune. We could also act as intermediaries and become beneficiaries. This is the third time that the ECX has made seats available for new members, since it started out with 100, back in 2008. It added an additional 150 members in 2010, when a seat was auctioned for as much as 3.2 million Br.
YES Water Sells 50pc Stake to Mauritian Investment Firm

The move will increase local mobility, open up the potential for exporting Ethiopian water
By YETNEBERK TADELE FORTUNE STAFF WRITER Catalyst Principal Partners has acquired a 50pc stake in the Yes Brands Food & Beverages Plc. Catalyst started negotiations for the deal with Yes water a year ago. The two companies finalised the talks by signing an agreement, at the Ministry of Industry (MoI), on Monday, May 13, 2013 in the presence of Tadesse Haile, state minister. The shares of the company were sold for an undisclosed amount. The move by Yes is unique to the water sector in Ethiopia, decision told Fortune. The move by the company to partner with an international firm should be lauded. The purpose of the partnership is to increase the local companys mobility in the local market and to turn its attention towards exporting Ethiopian bottled water, according to Tadesse. Ethiopia is amongst the fastest growing economies in Africa, with t h e c o n t i n e n t s second largest population, representing a compelling investment opportunity, particularly in consumer oriented sectors, Marlene Ngoyi, investment principal at Catalyst, told Fortune. Yes Water is a widely recognised Ethiopian brand, with a leading market share, as the premier mineral water company in the country, and our aim is to build upon Yes Waters strengths to support accelerated growth of the business in Ethiopia and across the region, through enhanced operational capacity, deeper distribution and product innovation, she said. Yes Natural Mineral Water is sourced from springs at Wechecha Mountain, located in Sebeta, Oromia Region. Catalyst plans to work with the brand to increase the availability of its water in the region. Catalyst, headquartered in Ebene, Mauritius, has recently invested in ChemiCotex Industries Ltd - a Tanzanian company that makes oral and personal c a r e products; and Chair Bora Ltd - a Tanzanian tea packaging company. The private equity firm manages Catalyst Fund I LLC - a 125 million dollar fund that invests in eastern Africa, including; Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda, Zambia and the Democratic Republic of Congo. The fund focuses on investments in the consumer goods, retail, financial, business services, industrials, and manufacturing, technology and telecommunications sectors. Its investments range from five to 20 million dollars. Fortunes repeated attempts to get a comment from the executives at Yes Water were not successful. The number of bottled water brands has increased to nine in Addis Abeba, in 2012, since the first introduction of the product to the country, by Highland Springs, Appex Bottling Company, in 1999. There are now also close to 21 water bottling companies throughout the country.
P ag e 8
Housing Scheme Registration to Begin

There are extensive processes in place to ensure the fair distribution of houses within the four schemes
The city expects to register 5,000 associations, each with 24 members, under which registrants must pay 50pc of the construction cost before July 22, 2013, and the rest before the construction license is issued. While the registrants are expected to place 100pc of the cost in a blocked account before the construction starts, the cost for one, two and three rooms, under this scheme, is 210,000 Br, 280,000 Br and 385,000 Br, respectively. Over 97,000 houses will be built under the scheme. In the three schemes, 10pc, 20pc and 40pc will be saved in a new account, which potential beneficiaries will have to open at the Commercial Bank of By ASHENAFE ENDALE SPECIAL TO FORTUNE Ethiopia (CBE). The remaining amount will be paid to the CBE in a new deal that the eventual beneficiaries will have with the Bank. The amount and kind of houses to be built and amount of land to be prepared will be decided according to the amount of money to be collected from these associations, said Mesfin. Adjusted for the higher income home seekers, a one, two and three room house, under the 40/60 scheme, costs 162,000 Br, 250,000 Br and 386,000 Br, respectively, with a monthly saving of 1,033 Br, 1,575 Br and 2,453 Br for five years, respectively. Ten thousand houses are already under construction at Sengatera, in Kirkos District. All the prices are to indicate where the registrants level matches and to simplify their choice. It will be re-evaluated every three months and increase according to the dynamic cost variation in the construction sector, said Mesfin. An income evaluation committee, consisting of three to five members, is already established at the 116 Weredas in the city to avoid higherincome people from registering for the 10/90 scheme, said Habtamu Gizaw, housing transfer and administration core process owner at the Addis Abeba Housing Development & Administration
N E W S
P ag e 9
Housing registration is beginning at the Addis Abeba Housing Development & Administration Agency (AAHDA) this Ethiopian calendar year, with the first beneficiaries set to be identified by a draw around the same time. Coming in four schemes, only one - the 10/90 scheme - is restricted to low income households earning 1,200 Br or less a month. Mesfin Mengistu, head of the Agency, announced the registration dates on Thursday, May 16, 2013, at a press conference called at its office, at the Addis Abeba City Administration, on Arbegnoch Street. Those eligible for houses in the 10/90 scheme will register from June 10 to 28, 2013. The 20/80 scheme will also have the same registration dates, but this and the other higher schemes do not have the income restrictions present in the 10/90 scheme. The 40/60 scheme is for those considered to be in the upper-middle class category. The registration for this scheme is from August 12 to 27, 2013. The last scheme to be beginning registration this year, is that of the associations, who will be given plots to build their own homes. The dates for this scheme are from July 22 to August 6, 2013. In addition to the 330,000 residents who registered for the 20/80 scheme in 2005, when it first started, 1.3 to three million more people are expected to register. The construction of 4,000 houses in the 10/90 scheme have already begun; that is out of a total 35,000 expected to be completed by 2013/14. The cost of a house under this scheme is 38,000 Br and each registrant has to save 187 Br a month at the CBE for two to three years, with the rest being paid over the following weeks. Under the 20/80 scheme, for which the Agency strives to transfer 75,000 houses within the next fiscal year, registrants are expected to be registered as old and new - to identify the 330,000 people that had registered in 2005, from those that will register for the first time. Priority will be given for the old registrants, Mesfin said. The cost for a studio, one, two and three room apartment, under the old version of the scheme, is 61,000 Br, 126,000 Br, 224,000 Br and 304,000 Br, respectively, for which registrants will save 151 Br, 274 Br, 561 Br and 685 Br monthly, respectively. The saving time will cover five to seven years. While it will take a monthly saving of 196 Br, 401 Br and 489 Br, over seven years, for the one, two and three room houses, for the new batch of registrants These houses are under construction at Arat Kilo, Lideta and Akaki, according to Mesfin. The first raffle for this scheme will be picked during the coming rainy season, said Mesfin. The Agency has transferred 100,000 houses over the past nine years, in addition to the 15,000 houses transferred to displaced residents, due to right of way issues in various districts in Addis Abeba.
Wereda offices across Addis Abeba were busy issuing unmarried certificates when the government first announced the 40/60 scheme
Agency. Out of the 182,000 houses to be built under the three schemes, 30pc will be given to women, 20pc to government workers and the rest will be shared between men and women, according to Mesfin. Registration for 10/90 and 20/80 will be at the 113 Weredas - folding three Weredas - out of the 116 Weredas in the city. The registration for the 40/60 houses will be handled by the Addis Ababa Housing Development Enterprise, which will also supervise the construction. In addition to the Sengatera location, there will be three additional sites - at the Lideta, Imperial Hotel and General Wingate areas. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MoFA) will also enable the Diaspora to register under any scheme, according to Mesfin. However, for the 10/90 and 20/80 schemes, registration of government workers at 137 branches of 33 federal offices in the city, including the Municipality, will be at their workplace, he said. Registrants will take codes after the registration; the system will analyse, and finger prints will be crosschecked when they win the raffle, all to close the cheating and fraud doors experienced under the 20/80 scheme previously, said Mesfin. Winners will be notified on state media and their sister websites, as well as on eight additional websites. Winners will also be notified through SMS, according to Mesfin.
EthSwitch Opens Financial Proposals of Two Firms
The development of a national Electronic Funds Transfer System will make inter-bank processes easier
By ELLENI ARAYA FORTUE STAFF WRITER
February 2012. Fourteen companies submitted bids by the bid closing date, in April 2012. A long evaluation process then ensued, conducted by a bid committee of six, with representation from shareholders, including the NBE. The Evaluation was conducted in two stages. The first was a basic evaluation of the technical proposal, using the basic tenants that are considered standard in the international tender process. None of the companies were asked to submit a financial proposal during this time. After evaluation, only four of the fourteen bidders were able to pass through to the second stage. During the second stage, the committee reviewed detailed technical proposals. After grading the technical proposals, the committee proceeded to open the financial proposal up to those companies, managing to achieve higher marks than the minimum score, according to Bezuayehu. Of the four companies, only two were able to pass the minimum score and have their financial results opened up. Founded in 1995, BPC is a leading provider of Open System, e-payment solutions for the international financial industry. It is the developer and distributor of SmartVista - a comprehensive suite of solutions, covering all aspects of electronic payments processing. BPC designed the platform as a high performance solution. BPCs client base includes leading, international financial institutions, located across 26 countries, on four continents, with several of the worlds top 100 banks as clients. Compass Plus develops and implements a range of electronic payment technologies, which power all-scale retail banking and electronic payment systems. The company provides a payment solution called Tranzware. This solution provides several billion transactions a year; drives 20,000 ATMs, 170,000 POS terminals and supports over 90 million cards. The financial offer for the banks is yet to be disclosed. The forming of EthSwitch is part of the NBEs National Payment Strategy. It requires that all banks use Centralised Online Real-time & Electronic (CORE) banking solutions, which interface with the Central Bank and clear settlements between them, without the necessity of any physical presence. The Central Bank launched the Ethiopian Automated Transfer System (EATS) in May 2011, to implement this strategy. Within EATS, there is the Real Time Gross Settlement (RTGS), for low volume high value transactions, and the Automated Clearing House (ACH), for high volume low value transactions. The National Switch is the third part of this strategy, after RTGS and ACH. Every bank in Ethiopia must be a shareholder in EthSwitch. The company has a capital of 80.5 million Br, and each member bank has 5,030 shares. Presidents of banks must have a share each and newly formed banks must join in by buying a share at 1,000 Br. Something like EthSwitch has previously been formed on a smaller scale by a consortium of three banks; Awash, Nib International and United. These banks together formed Primier Switch and have now bought a Switch system for 97 million Br from a Moroccan based company, S2M, which enables their respective clients to use any of the Automated Teller Machines (ATM) that are under the ownership of either of the three banks.
thSwitch SC is choosing between two companies BPC Banking Technologies BV and Compass Plus Limited (Great Britain) - for the award of a turnkey contract for the supply and implementation of a National Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT) Switch Clearing Settlement and Reconciliation System. It opened the financial proposals of the two companies, on May 7, 2013, and will announce the winner in a very short period of time, according to Bizuneh Bekele, Chief Executive Officer. EthSwitch SC was formed in 2011, as a consortium of all the banks that were then operational in Ethiopia, including the National Bank of Ethiopia (NBE), to provide a national switch system for financial institutions. This means that a client of a single financial institution, who is a member of EthSwitch, would be able to perform inter-bank electronic payments, including; withdrawing money from ATMs, receiving and giving money through mobile bank payments and internet banking. After it was established, the company floated a tender for the turnkey supply and implementation contract of a Switch system, and the supply and implementation of card issuance and card management systems, in
After evaluation, only four of the fourteen bidders were able to pass through to the second stage.
Photo: Fortune File
P ag e 10
F e a t u r e
Big Business In Books

P
Walking through busy intersections in Addis Abeba, pedestrians are likely to run into travelling book vendors and makeshift street bookstores that offer both local and international titles. Though the availability of books has increased and the culture of reading has become more widespread, literature and its implications have yet to find root in the Ethiopian society, writes ASHENAFE ENDALE, SPECIAL TO FORTUNE.
edestrians along Chad Street, near Mexico Square, glance at the books Belete Damte sells by the side of the road, near Bunana Shay. Some stop to take a look. They may ask the prices and some of them will make purchases, from a business that Belete has found to be more profitable, than his previous job as a barista in a cafe. The 26-year-old went for the roadside business five years ago, using savings of 1,180 Br from the cafe business. At 9am, on Tuesday May 14, 2013, he had already spread out some of his 118 books across a property wall on the sidewalk, while the rest lay on the ground, shielded from the sidewalk by a tarp. He has 3,500 Br worth of books for sale at various prices. There are a lot of book sellers on the streets today, said Belete. It wasnt like this when I first started doing this work. Many young girls enquired about the price of various books, while Fortune was talking to him, but none bought any. Some looked shocked by the prices he was quoting. The price tags on his books range from 19 Br to 65 Br. He quotes larger prices when asked, however, as much as 15pc over and above the cover price. If business is slow, he will request as little as two Br above the cover price. Sometimes people ask him for rare and old books. He goes around to his contacts and if he gets the wanted copy, it could sell for as time, and he sends money back to his parents, who live outside Addis Abeba, twice a year. I sell up to 10 books a day, but there are days when I go home without selling a single one, said Belete. I earn a decent living now, like many others that do the same thing. Natnael Girma, one of those who does the same thing, roams the streets with a stack of books piled high on a folded piece of cardboard, which he balances between his palms and his torso. He does not stay in one location, rather choosing to walk around the streets of Addis Abeba. Fortune found him on Haile Gebresellassie Street, in the area commonly known as Haya Hulet Mazoria. He feels that luck has a lot to do with success in his business. Sometimes he walks around with no sale at all and then he could find a place where there are many people who want to purchase books. Some travelling vendors like him settle for a location that they deem fit once they have managed to establish a customer base. Belete settled on his spot at Bunana Shay, after trying to sell at the Cherkos, Paulos, Bole and Arat Kilo areas. I moved around for over five years, he said. The police never used to allow us to settle in any one place; they always threatened to take our books. Some vendors have been in the business for
Some property walls across the city like the one near Bunana Shay near Mexico Square can serve as makeshift bookstores like the one Belete Damte (above) uses.
Books exhibitions that have been held in the capital for the last four years are the place where vendors have the opportunity to display their wares and get more customers than usual.
much as 250 Br. His display includes a wide variety of categories, including; fiction, educational, self help and personal development books, mostly locally published. Some of the books are translations, others whole works by foreign authors, printed locally, as is. A survey conducted by Mega Printing & Distribution Plc, two weeks ago, found that nearly half of the books in the market were educational, while 33pc were general
knowledge books, 11pc historical and 10pc fiction. The need for educational books is growing nowadays, while the trend of readers on general knowledge and entertainment is somewhat slow, said Hassiet Fisseha, general manager of Mega and an author of four books. Belete says that the number of book titles that are available for retail has also increased dramatically. The book market has improved his life; he manages to pay rent on his home on
Photo: Fortune File
C o n t i n u a t i o n
P ag e 11
over 30 years, scaling up to container and other rented shops. Some of these businesspeople have grown to become distributors as well. Aynalem Mewa, owner of Aynalem Bookstore, behind the National Theatre, has created a name for himself as one of the major retailers and distributors in Addis Abeba. He has a reputation for carrying some of the rarest titles in the city. He supplies books - both local and international titles - to small scale vendors, often at a 25pc discount. The vendors that buy from him pay upfront. I have been in this business for 22 years and although there have been significant improvements, the culture of reading is just now beginning to develop, Aynalem said. The only way to get books out there is to make sure that they are available everywhere. Right now, the only people that can do that are the small street vendors. The books do not seem to be coming by easily, however. Most of the indigenous writers in the country do not have the financial capacity to reprint their books when their titles are scarce on the market, said Hasseet. There are really no full time writers to speak of and we lack writers that write based on the needs of society, so that they could make more money. The price of books is reasonably cheap in Ethiopia, compared to other countries, he says, but still expensive compared to per capita income. Author, Bewketu Seyoum, says that he has found the cost of publishing his books with major publishing houses so expensive that he deals with the printers directly and pays for the job out of pocket. He has published five books so far, and pays 35pc of the price to distributors as commission. Most writers cant get their manuscripts published, because they cant afford to pay the costs, said It is important for Bewketu. This is the more established a serious loss for institutions, both the reader and including the writer, alike. publishers, printers He added that it was important for the and distributors, more established to find a way to improve the industry i n s t i t u t i o n s , including the and to make a publishers, printers plethora of choices and distributors, available to the to find a way to improve the reading public. industry and to make a plethora of choices available to the reading public. But, even as writers like Bewketu Seyoum go for selfpublishing, importers, such as Shama Books Plc, are facing challenges from unauthorised local prints of popular foreign titles. Shama, also a major publisher and distributor, imports books to sell through its retailer, Book World, which has six branches in Addis Abeba. Some authors and book stores buy our original copies and reprint them, said Asfeha Tesfay, head of marketing at Book World. Some people, even publishers, will go as far as downloading and printing foreign books to sell at extremely low prices, since they dont really have any costs to speak of. But, although this practice may make the latest titles and reading choices available to the reading public, Shama says it is paying dearly as a result. We incur major losses, since we import original copies at international prices, said Asfeha. Our importing capacity has been cut by more than half because of this. Yet again, local publishers, such as Aster Nega General Business Plc, are taking their materials abroad to India, where printing is cheaper. There are two reasons that we print abroad, said Zenebe Deneke, the manager of the publishing house. First, the cost is much cheaper; India has a well established print industry that can supply almost any titles at unbelievably low prices.
An Exhibition of books Let Addis Read held in Arat Kilo.
Book World sells more imported books, than it does the local ones published by Shama Books; its local books are often high priced. Our editing costs are extremely
high, says Asfeha, justifying the act. We adhere to international standards of publication, so we edit a single manuscript nine to 10 times to produce the highest
quality product. Add to that distribution and launching costs and royalty payments; its a lot easier to just import. Self published authors also find
the opportunity to make more money during reprints of their works. Some books first prints have reasonable prices and then the publishers double their rates if it becomes popular, Aynalem said. By the time it is on its fifth and sixth editions, the prices go through the roof. Hassets books include; Maebel (2008), Misterawi Mezagebt (2010), Temsalet and Kiya Tegadlo (2012). They used to sell for 18 Br on the market, when he was first published. Nowadays, however, his latest titles average 90 Br. Whatever the prices, most of the books make their ways to the readers largely through street vendors, such as Belete. Once you start selling books you can never stop, said Belete. It is like an addiction.
Photo: Fortune File
P ag e 12
Tej Thrives Locally

F e a t u r e
The traditional honey meade, Tej, has been a staple in Ethiopian celebrations since many can remember. Often considered the brew of the elite, Tej has seen resurgence in consumption even growing as far as the export market. Whether as an accompaniment to raw meat, or as the alcoholic beverage of choice for weddings and celebrations, Tej has been and continues to be the nectar of choice for most Ethiopians, writes YETNEBERK TADELE, FORTUNE STAFF WRITER.
ulumebet Gebeyehu was an accountant in a government office for 26 years, before eventually quitting to brew tej, honey meade, as a business, in a belated decision following a family party. The party was to celebrate the graduation of her daughter, last August. She prepared and served various traditional foods and tej to her guests, some of whom were very excited about her brewing ability. You are wasting your potential and the opportunity that is waiting for you out there. You should change it in to money, one of her guests had advised her. She has made tej for home consumption for years; the business side of it hadn't even crossed her mind until then. Apparently though, the time was right, and she was coaxed into it when she got an advance payment to supply for a wedding party. Things happened faster than I could imagine, she said Tej is brewed in traditional ways from honey and hop sticks (gesho), both
for home consumption and commercial purposes. With alcohol content of six to 11pc, according to various studies, this honey brew accounts for the lion's share of domestic honey consumption in Ethiopia. Ethiopia produced 50,000tns of honey in 2011/12, according to the Central Statistical Agency (CSA), only 10.7pc of their 450,000tn potential. A d d i t i o n a l l y, e x p o r t s , according to a recent study by USAID, were a minuscule 121tns and 531tns, to Norway and Sudan, respectively, in 2011. Norway started with just 40tns in 2009, reaching a new high of 200tns between January and July 2012. Norways purchase is encouraged with assistance from a Norwegian honey processor and distributor and Norways Development Agency
(NORAD) and Development Fund. Prior to that, the UK used to be the largest buyer, but its imports never surpassed 45tns for any given year, according to the study. In the Middle East, Saudi Arabia and Yemen are the top buyers, averaging 21tns and 14tns a year, respectively. Kuwait and the UAE import even less than that. The price for Ethiopian honey in the European market, where its supply is erratic, rose from 3,520 dollars to 4,033 dollars (grades unspecified) from February 2010 to May 2012, bringing in 100 dollars to 300 dollars more than Mexican honey. Practically, the whole bulk feeds into the local traditional tej industry. Mulumebet buys up to 200kgs of honey from Gojjam, in Amhara Regional State, which she says she uses to make up to 1200lt of tej each month. She sells a litre for 64 Br. She sells her tej from a small tavern, or tej bet, which she has rented at Gurd
Shola. She also entertains orders for various parties, such as birthdays and weddings. If it wasn't for the shortage of space, she is confident that her customer base would be far larger than what it is currently. Other more established tej bets also boast bigger sales and larger numbers of customers. Tobia Tej Bet, behind Axum Hotel, at Haya Hulet, in Kirkos District, has bigger space than Mulumebets, allowing patrons to consume their tej both inside the building and out in the open, in its compound. Named after its owner, Tobia Mamuye, its walls are decorated with paintings of people drinking tej. It has been around since 1999, serving tej and raw and roasted beef. Its monthly sale amounts to 3,000lt, which it sells for 70 Br a litre, according to Tigist Eshetu, manager of Tobia Tej. This is the real place for me to go back in time to the old days, thinking about my tradition, said a customer at Tobia.
(Continued on PAGE 16)
A D V E R T I S E M E N T S
P ag e 13
China Higher Dental Clinic

Dr Liu Dental Specialist
No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14 15. 16. 17. 18. Brace Upper and Lower Dental X-ray Amalgam Filling Composit Filling PIN Retention Root Canal Treatment Extraction Impact tooth Extraction Permanent teeth Bleaching Gel and Tray Scaling Full Denture of acrylic upper and lower Partial Denture + take model Partial Crown Cobalt Fixed Bridge by cementation Fixed Diamond Gold bridge Ceramic bridge(s) Gum treatment Description
Address:
Bole Ruwanda, Bole sub city Wereda 2, next to Ruwanda
/ 2 Mobile:- +251 912 17 24 63 +251 928 41 12 06 +251 118624836 e-mail:liuqing8266@yahoo.com
P ag e 14
F e a t u r e
Change Looms for Ethiopia's Ancient Salt Trade

have been extended to the town over the past four years, a new Berahile Salt Association was established in 2010 to facilitate trade and a recently built salt store is now the biggest construction in town. "Thousands of people benefit from this work as the salt here is exported throughout the country," said the head of the association, Derassa Shifa. For now, tradition and modernity coexist - the organisation buys salt from the caravans that make the four-day trek to the salt flats and back, then sells it to merchants who carry it away by truck. The salt blocks, which were once used as a unit of money, are sold across Ethiopia, many of them to farmers to provide their animals with essential minerals. Ethiopia has the largest livestock population on the African continent. Life is harsh for the thousands of camel herders and salt extractors who use traditional hoes and axes to carve the "white gold" out of the ground in the Danakil Depression. Many of the salt diggers live in HamadIle and hire out their services to different caravans. The work, however exhausting, still draws thousands onto the baking salt flats. "You forget about the sun and the heat," said Kidane Berhe, 45, a camel herder and salt merchant. "I lost a friend once on the salt desert because he was working too much with no protection from the sun. Eventually he just collapsed." (Reuters)
bdu Ibrahim Mohammed was 15 years old when he began trekking with caravans of camels to collect salt in a sun-blasted desert basin of north Ethiopia that is one of the hottest places on earth. Now 51 and retired, he has passed his camels to his son to pursue this centuries-old trade in "white gold" from the Danakil Depression, where rain almost never falls and the average temperature is 34.4 degree Celsius. But the tradition of hacking salt slabs from the earth's crust and transporting them by camel is changing as a paved road is built across the northern Afar Region. Although the road being cut through the Danakil Depression is making it easier to transport the salt, the region's fiercely independent local salt miners and traders are wary of the access it might give to industrial mining companies with mechanised extraction techniques that require far less labour. "Most of the people who live here are dependent on the salt caravans, so we are not happy with prospective salt companies that try to set up base here," said Abdullah Ali Noor, a chief and clan leader's son in Hamad-Ile, on the salt desert's edge. "Everything has to be initiated from the community. We prefer to stick with the old ways," he added. The tarmac road will link the highland city of Mekelle with the village of Dallol in the Danakil Depression, a harsh but hauntingly beautiful
geographical wonder of salt flats and volcanoes once described as "a land of death" by the famous British desert explorer Wilfred Thesiger. The road has cut from five hours to three the drive from Mekelle to Berahile, a town two days' trek by camel from the Afar salt deposits that is one of Ethiopia's main sources of the crystalline food product. New roads like these are gradually helping to transform this landlocked Horn of Africa state, which has a unique culture and history but has been racked by coups, famines and droughts, into one of the fastestgrowing economies on the continent. As Africa's biggest coffee producer, Ethiopia's economy remains based on agriculture, which accounts for 46pc of gross domestic product and 85pc of employment. But its nearly 81 million population - the second biggest in Africa - is attracting the attention of foreign investors hungry for new markets.
Everything has to be initiated from the community. We prefer to stick with the old ways, he added.
Further south in the Danakil Depression, at the salt reserve of Lake Afdera, industrial salt production is already under way. A company named Berhane & Zewdu Plc came to the desert plains near Hamad-Ile in 2011 aiming to produce salt there, according to Noor. Clan leaders saw the threat to their ancient trade and lined up to oppose the project. Fearing sabotage of its equipment, the company left the following year, local people said. But Noor still welcomed the new road. "The new highway will give easy access to the market, which will bring benefits and development to this region," Noor said. The development he talks of is visible in Berahile, where caravans from the salt pans come to drop off their cargo so it can be transported to the rest of the country. Most residents are involved directly or indirectly in the salt business. Telephone and electricity networks
P ag e 15
EMBASSY OF CANADA
DUTY FREE VEHICLE FOR SALE BY SEALED BID
1. TOYOTA LAND CRUISER 4. TOYOTA YARIS PRADO. Year of Manufacture: 2011
Year of Manufacture: 2010 Imported to Ethiopia: 2010 Contact Person: 0911-25-27-51 Imported to Ethiopia: 2011 Contact Person: 0911-21-34-28
5. TOYOTA HIGHLANDER
Year of Manufacture: 2008 Imported to Ethiopia: 2010 Contact person: 0911-22-87-94
2. TOYOTA 4 Runner
Year of Manufacture 2009 Imported in Ethiopia: 2010 Contact Person: 0911-20-29-22
3. Nissan X-trail
6. TOYOTA LAND CRUISER HARDTOP

The vehicle can be viewed at the Embassy of Canada Chancery (SARBET/old Airport area) on March 21 from 09:00 to 16:00 Bid forms will be provided at the Back gate on March 21 and should be submitted the same day. For more Information, please call: 0113-71-01-13 (Negede)
P ag e 16
Tej Thrives Locally . . .

But, he complains that the price makes it impossible to consume tej even once a month let alone during every meal. He remembers paying one Birr a litre, 20 years ago, and 10 Br just 10 years ago. This is the result of the high price of inputs we use, especially the honey, said Tigist Eshetu, manager of Tobia Tej. The honey they use to make tej at Tobia now costs 100 Br a kilo, up from 10 Br 15 years ago, according to Tigist. Aster Seyfe, owner of the Aster brand of tej, which is exported to a number of countries, says a sack of hop sticks now costs her up to 1,000 - 1400 Br. When she came into the business, this amount of hops, which can be used to make 800lts of tej, cost just 70 Br. Tobia, which sources its honey from Gojjam and Gonder, is now preparing to produce
(Cont'd from PAGE 12)
Aster Tej is one of the few places customers can buy packaged and labelled bottles of tej for home consumption.
its own honey, according to Tegest. It is starting with 50 hives in Bure, Gojjam, as a pilot project.
The small export market is also facing a fermenting problem, which the home market is immune from.
A nn o u nce m en t s
Invitation to Bid for the Construction of Mekane Yesus Guest House Phase 1 at Hawassa
1. EECMY, Board of Pension, Insurance & Investment has funds within the employers budget to be used for the construction of Mekane Yasus Guest House Phase 1 at Hawassa. 2. The employer invites sealed bids from category 2 GC/BC or above eligible bidders for the provision of the construction of Mekane Yesus Guest House at Hawassa. 3. Bidding will be conducted in accordance with the open national tendering procedures contained in the public procurement proclamation of the Federal Government of Ethiopia and is open to all bidders from eligible source countries. 4. Invited eligible bidders may obtain further information from: EECMY, Board of Pension, Insurance and Investment Bambis, Mekane Yesus Building 1st floor Room No. 107A P.O. Box 100552 Tel. +251 11 553 75 15 Fax: +251 11 552 93 55 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia And inspect the bidding documents at the address given above at (4) from 8:30 AM-12:30 in the morning and 1:30-5:30 pm in the afternoon. 5. A complete set of bidding document, in English may be purchased by interested bidders within 10 days from the date of the announcement on the newspaper at the address above and upon payment of a non-refundable fee of Ethiopian Birr 500.00 (five hundred Birr). The method of payment will be cash. 6. Bids must be delivered to the address above at before 2:00 pm of June 13, 2013. All bids must be accompanied by a bid security of Ethiopian Birr 150,000.00 (one hundred fifty thousand Birr) in the form of CPO or Bank guarantee. Late bidders shall be rejected. Bids will be opened in the presence of the bidders representatives who choose to attend at the address above at (4) at 2:30 pm on the same day of bid submission deadline.
Aster Seyfe, owner of Aster tej, which has been around for 19 years, used to export to a number of countries, including the US, Italy, Israel and South Africa. She enjoyed that business, however, for just four years. Tej does not stop fermenting, she said. She said she tried different ways of bottling her brew, but it always ended up bursting
open. She sought outside help, but did not like the chemical solutions she was offered. She wanted her tej to be as natural as possible. She says she is experimenting with different secret formulas, in order to resume exporting, hopefully by the coming Ethiopian New Year. Despite such problems, the export market is becoming alluring even for the newin-business, Mulumebet. She
says she is now in talks with a company that could help her with that. I was very late to join the business, she said. She is still happy with the incredible revenue she collected five months ago, during the celebration of the 125th anniversary of Addis Abeba, as she charts her way in business with the potent, traditional yellow drink.
Invitation for Website Designing and Developing

Ezana Mining Development Plc desires to outsource website design and development of the company. This is, therefore, to invite eligible and interested bidders fulfilling the following requirements: 1. The bidder should be licensed in the business area with renewed trade license, TIN, and current tax clearance certificates. 2. The bid document shall be obtained from Ezana Mining Dept Head office or Saba Dimensional Stones office, Bole Road, near Meskerem Supermarket, Addis Ababa, against payment of non refundable fee of 100.00 Birr for each document, during office hours. 3. The bid document shall be accompanied with bid bond amount not less than 2pc of the total bid amount made out in the name of Ezana Mining Development Plc in the form of CPO, bank, or insurance garuntees that are valid for at least 90 days after the bid opening date. 4. Bidders should submit the financial and technical offers in separate envelopes. 5. Bid documents shall be submitted on or before June 3, 2013 at 10:00 AM local time to Ezana Mining Development Plc Guna Building, 1st Floor, Office No 116 Mekelle, Tigray and the bid will be opened in Ezana Mining Development office on June 3, 2013 at 11:00 A.M local time in the presence of bidders or their representatives.
Ezana Mining Development Plc reserves the right to accept or reject any or all bids.
Contact person; Getachew Kassahun Phone: 0914753288/0118962742. Addis Ababa
P ag e 17
P ag e 18
F e a t u r e
SMOKEY PERFUME
BLURB: The thick smoke and perfumed aroma of various brands of incense can be seen and smelled as one walks through the streets of just about any town in the country. With its cultural and religious significance, incense has been a part of Ethiopian life since time immemorial. The gum that is so integral to Ethiopian traditions is slowly losing its footing writes ELLENI ARAYA, FORTUNE STAFF WRITER.
Behailu H. Giorgis is one of the vendors in the alleyway in Mercato known as Etan Terra is where customers looking for large quantities and wide varieties of incense go shopping.
The small scale retailers and the larger scale distributors are both found in the narrow section of Mercato where local and export standard incense is available for retail on a large or micro scale
emenay Yilma, a young mother of two, is a regular buyer of incense, although she rarely steps foot in Etan terra - Merkatos own market for small and medium incense retailers. For her, the use of incense is an integral part of the Ethiopian coffee ceremony, which is performed twice daily in her home. This makes the purchase of incense a weekly errand for Zemenay. Since she only uses a small amount, however, she mostly buys her incense from vendors that line the streets outside churches. But, on Wednesday May 08, 2013, she had a court appointment that took her to Merkato, where she decided to buy a larger supply of Etan. It is more expensive here, but there are many varieties, she told Fortune. But, even with the vendors near churches, prices are increasing and I get a smaller portion for the same value of money, especially over the past year.
Merkatos Etan Terra is in a small nook on a narrow and dirty alleyway, just off the main road by Merab Hotel. Unlike the bigger niche markets; Military Terra and Kimem terra, which occupy several blocks, only half of the narrow alleyway is dedicated to selling incense. But, in this narrow corner, most of Merkatos incense retailers congregate early, starting at six in the morning, to participate in a trading activity that has been common in the country, as far back as the Axumite Kingdom. Ethiopias rich natural gum resources, which include; gum Arabic (Mucha), gum olibanum (incense), myrrh (Kerbe) and opaponax (Abeked), were being transported past the Red Sea, using camels and ships, even then. Currently, 2.8 to 3.5 million hectares of land in Ethiopia, predominantly in the Northern and Eastern Part of the country, is covered by trees that produce natural gum resins.
Despite the wide use of incense and Ethiopias abundant resources, prices have progressively been increasing in a manner that hugely affects the consumers, larger retailers, suppliers and exporters.
Gum, especially incense, still remains a major export commodity, with 3,500tns, worth around 11.8 million dollars, sold in 2011/12. In the west, it has many industrial purposes, including - in the production of confectionery, food and beverages, cosmetics and pharmaceutical products. But, the commodity is widely used
locally as well, and different kinds, even those of export standard, end up at retail corners within the city. Locally, the use of incense and myrrh gums is mostly ceremonial, but also for folk medicine and home fumigation purposes. Despite its wide use and Ethiopias abundant resources, however, prices have progressively been increasing - perhaps imperceptibly for those buying in small quantities - but in a manner that hugely affects the larger retailers, suppliers and exporters. The variety can indeed be observed when passing through the market. Incense from different locations, as diverse in texture as they are in aroma, can be seen displayed in brown paper bags when walking through the alleyway. There is the pebble-like Ogaden type; the rice-like white type (nech etan); Bahir Etan, which is a mixture of bark and stones; and Lubanja, which is imported. There is also Myrrh (kerbe), which is a
different variety, but is mostly used for the same purpose. There are two kinds of traders at the Terra. The small scale street vendors can be found on the left, leaning on a cinder block wall. They lay out the incense resins on a piece of cardboard that is raised either by stones or old tyres. Perched high above this and clad in blue or khaki gowns, because of the sticky nature of the incense, these vendors - mostly middle aged and old women - buy a kilo of each variety and sell it by taking small pinches out of each and mixing them on a saucer, in accordance with the value of money. The lowest amount that they sell is five Birrs worth of incense, although for regular customers they are willing to sell three Birr sacks. We used to sell incense for a Birr or two, back in the day, but prices have increased, so selling for that amount
P ag e 19
P ag e 20
P ag e 21
P ag e 22
WATCHDOG
Airlines May Soon Seek Compensation from Boeing for 787 Mishap
Ethiopian Airlines is reportedly gearing up to begin refund talks with Boeing for the 787 battery blunder that left 50 Dreamliners on the ground for several months and stunted deliveries. The airlines CEO, Tewolde Gebremariam, told the Associated Press on Tuesday that it will soon initiate discussions with Boeing regarding compensation, finally able to focus on making up lost revenues now that the Dreamliner is back up and running. Others Airlines may also be getting in line to talk with Boeing after the jet maker hinted at 787 refunds during its earnings call last month. In reference to compensation, Boeing CEO Jim McNerney said on the call that it would work with customers to ensure that the disruption does not hurt their results and their operation more than it needs to. It is not clear whether the compensation would be purely monetary or if other factors would be considered, though McNerney said there are a variety of ways to work with customers on this issue. Agreements may vary with each customer, he said. When asked whether it has similar plans to seek compensation from Boeing, a spokesperson for United Continental, the only US carrier currently operating the Dreamliner, said it will hold those discussions directly with Boeing. Attempts to reach Ethiopian Airlines and UK-based Thomson for a comment were not immediately returned, however, Boeing said it has been in close communication with all of its customers since the issue arose. The jet maker, which has said it does not have a contractual obligation to compensate for the battery mishap, wouldnt provide details, calling talks with customers confidential. Ethiopian Airlines was forced to ground its four 787s in January after the US Federal Aviation Administration issued an airworthiness directive grounding the fleet to examine two battery meltdowns that in one case led to an emergency landing in Tokyo. The carrier resumed service of the Dreamliner on April 27, 2013, with a flight from Addis Abeba to Kenyas Nairobi after the FAA certified Boeings proposed battery fix. The fix included larger spaces between cells in a move Boeing says allows for better containment in the unlikely event the battery overheats. At the time of the April flight, Boeing thanked Africas leading carrier for its patience and support, while Ethiopian Airlines Tewolde said the company was excited to resume the Dreamliner service. During the five months our four Dreamliners were in service, we were very pleased with their performance, Tewolde said at the time. The feedback from our passengers has been overwhelmingly positive. Shares of Chicago-based Boeing closed slightly higher Tuesday at 94.79 dollars. Despite the battery woes, the company last month reported a strongerthan-expected 20pc increase in first-quarter profit as it tightened costs. (foxbusiness.com)
N E W S
P ag e 23
resenting the 10-month performance report of the Federal Ethics & Anti-Corruption Commission (FEACC) to the Parliament on Tuesday, May 14, 2013, Commissioner Ali Suleiman (left) said the Commission received over three thousand tips off and appeals within the last ten months. He also said the capacity of the institution before the court of law
has reached 87pc for all filed cases and 100pc for cases related to property. The Commissioner said that the FEACC has finalized the probes it has been undertaking into possible serious offenses related to land administration, taxation, public procurement and justice administration. Aba Dula Gemeda, right, speaker of the House facilitated the session.
P ag e 24
P ag e 25
P ag e 26
QUOTES
I still wear them.

Nick Clegg, deputy prime minister of the United Kingdom, said this when speaking about the shoes he bought from Sole Rebels, an eco-friendly Ethiopian shoe-maker. My conversation with the founder of the company during my last visit to Ethiopia has allowed me to witness the giant strides this nation is making, Clegg commented at the Africa-British Business Forum, held in London last week, wherein high-level government officials from varying African countries, including Foreign Minister Tedros Adhanom (PhD), and various businesspeople were present.
By Yohannes Abebe
the various governments and movements that now claim the Horn of Africa must relearn the lost art of compromise. In the future, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somalia, and Sudan will have only themselves to blame for their destinies because they no longer will be able to point an accusatory finger at the great powers. Historically, Ethiopia and its neighbours have lived together fruitfully when ideological or ethnic concerns have been muted. When, however, religion, politics, or economic factors have become dominating and unbalancing, the entire region has fallen into mayhem. Should the region split apart, the Era of the Mini-states will make the Age of the Princes appear as a golden epoch! It may take several generations before the logic of geography and history works to recreate the larger political and economic sphere necessary for a better future. In the end, Ethiopia will rise again. Source: A History of Ethiopia, copyright 1994, Harold G. Marcus.
Delicate Numbers
6,750,000
Procurement Retrograde
......the total donkey population in Ethiopia at the end of the 2011/12 fiscal year, of which 53.38pc are females, according to the Agricultural Sample Survey published by the Central Statistics Agency (CSA) in May 2013.
way back when . . .
Horn players (embilta) at the palace (c:1910)

Source: The City & Its Architectural Heritage, Addis Ababa 1886-1946.
INVESTMENT Nearly 1.2b Br investment Project Underway Close to 136 investors with 1.2 billion Br combined capital are undertaking various investment projects in Southern Regional State during the last nine months of the current fiscal year. The projects are in the areas of social service, agriculture and industry. Publication: The Ethiopian Herald, Saturday, May 11, 2013. 78m Br of Safe Water Projects under Construction The construction of 241 safe water projects worth 78.5 million Br is underway in Nuer Zone of Gambella Regional State. Similar projects are underway in rural and urban localities to meet the MDGs in safe water provision, according to Mekbedi Uchan, deputy head of the Regions Water Bureau. The projects include digging of water wells and development of springs, he said, adding, so far 77 of the water wells have already gone operational. The projects will benefit more than 73,000 people. Publication: The Ethiopian Herald, Monday, May 13, 2013. AGRICULTURE Farmers Secure 200m Br from Sale of Fattened Animals A little over 60,000 farmers engaged in animal fattening in Bale Zone of Oromia Region have secured 200 million Br from the sale of 84,000 fattened animals in the last nine months of the current fiscal year. The amount exceeds, by over 35 million Birr, that of same time last year, said Aschalew Tesera, animal resource extension expert of the Zonal Animal Resource Development and Health Office. The growth in revenues is attributed to the support provided by development agents and the increase in the number of farmers engaging in animal fattening. Activities are underway to supply 180,910 fattened animals to market until the end of the current fiscal year, according to documents obtained from the Office. Publication: The Ethiopian Herald, Monday, May 13, 2013. Ministry Distributes 823,000 Fuel-Efficient Biomass Stoves The Ministry of Water & Energy (MoWE) said more than 823,000 fuelefficient biomass stoves were distributed to the public in the last nine months of the current fiscal year. The stoves help protect 3,176ha of forest and also prevent 220,000tns of carbon emissions, according to Bizuneh Tolcha, Public Relation & Communication director with the Ministry.
The stoves reduce fuel consumption and time, as well as helped to prevent different diseases caused by smoke. The Ministry will distribute 9.4 million stoves to the public by the end of the plan period, he said. Publication: The Ethiopian Herald, Saturday, May 11, 2013. REVENUE Enterprise Meets 77pc Export Target The Ethiopian Grain Trade Enterprise (EGTE) earned 686 million Br from export trade in the last nine months of the current fiscal year. The Enterprise exported 217,874qls of oil seeds, pulses and coffee to secure the stated sum of revenue, according to Berhane Haile, general manager of the Enterprise. The Enterprise planned to earn 855.7 million Br by exporting 282,000qls. However, it only attained 77pc of its target. The enterprise also procured 3.45 million quintals of grain and coffee with 2.9 billion Br. Publication: The Ethiopian Herald, Saturday, May 11, 2013. State Secures 715.4m Br from Tourism Close to 715.4 million Br was secured from five million tourists, who visited tourist sites in Amhara Regional State during the last nine months of the current fiscal year. Close to 4.9 million of the total tourists are Ethiopians, according to Haileyesus Filate, head of the Amhara Culture & Tourism Bureau. He said the amount exceeded, by 492.2 million Br, that of same period last year. The number of visitors also increased by 3.8 million compared to that of same time in the previous year. Publication: The Ethiopian Herald, Saturday, May 11, 2013. EDUCATION University to Launch New Post Graduate Programs Hawassa University in Southern Region said preparations are underway to launch new post graduate programs in the coming academic year. Speaking at a relevant forum on Saturday, Social Science and Humanities College Dean with the University, Negussie Meshesha (PhD) said the new programs will be in Journalism and Mass Communication; Social Psychology and Adult Education; and Community Development. Negussie said the programs will contribute in the efforts to produce competent scholars. Each of the departments will offer two-year training to 15 students. Publication: The Ethiopian Herald, Saturday, May 11, 2013.
Until recently, the attention given to the profession of purchasing and the knowledge as to how much it affects the competitiveness of organisations and the economy as a whole was minimal. For this reason, traditionally, Ethiopian purchasers were unfairly left to perpetuate corrupt practices, without much emphasis on their knowledge and experience. Frequent purchasing was the norm and suppliers were ready to entice purchasers by providing multiple Performa invoices, adding the portion they would pay if purchases were finalised. Assessing total cost of purchasing, market situations and quality of the purchase were not considered. The situation in big projects was no different. Procuring substandard materials, long delays and even selling food and other project inputs, by unjustly accounting them as receivables, was a common occurrence. Nonetheless, the practice has improved after the proclamation for determining procedures of public procurement and establishing the supervisory agency of the federal government came to effect in 2005, later amended in 2009. Among others, the Public Procurement & Property Administration Agency (PPPAA) has made it easier for suppliers to register online, prepared standardised bid documents and played a major role in training of purchasers, which, in turn, improved the national public procurement process. In addition, the public procurement proclamation and subsequent directives by the Ministry of Finance & Economic Development (MoFED) made clear the responsibilities of the public bodies, the procurement units, procurement endorsing committee and the preference given to micro and small enterprises, to mention few. Even then, many problems have occurred in the use of these instruments by public bodies and in the adoption of the procedure by public enterprises. One problem area is the lack of understanding on the difference in responsibilities of the former tender committee and the present purchase endorsing committee. The former has been entrusted to choose purchasing methods in consultation with the procurement unit, attend bid opening and evaluate the results; whilst the latter endorses procurement plans, bid documents and the bid evaluation reports submitted to it by the procurement unit, among other things. Because of the fact that the endorsing committee in some places became involved in the responsibilities of the procurement unit, some organisations compromise the separation of duties and were faced with corrupt behaviors. Further, procurement plans are not crafted properly, considering work programs, and lack justification for bulk and prioritised purchases. Sometimes, unendorsed, rashly prepared bid documents sold in public, contain certain amendments. Obviously, all amendments are not genuine. The strait-jacket of specifications and changes in the colour and other features of items, led to withdrawals of bids and unfair competition. On the other side, it is clear that public enterprises who do not receive their budget from the federal government are not obliged to follow public procurement methods and procedures. But, by doing so, with minor changes, they have lost their flexibility as return-oriented entities. Inadequate supplier registration and ratings, inappropriate evaluation criteria for goods and services, lack of understanding in the use of the many sections of the standard bid document by both purchasers and suppliers, forced inspection of samples by untrained personnel and problems in purchase organisation, are some of the problems faced by procurement units. As one renowned writer on the subject put it - public buying is buying for the public in public. Therefore, it entails public accountability. So, at least in short-term, an all-round capacity building program should be developed, covering the responsibilities of procurement units and the purchase endorsing committee, the use of standard bid document, aspects of business law, foreign purchase, supplier registration and rating and the development of specifications by cross functional teams. Progressive consultation with suppliers is another area to improve procurement relationships, reduce mistakes in preparing bidding documents and build trust in a win-win situation. In view of their commercial nature, government enterprises and financial institutions should draw their version of procurement policy that gives them freedom to deal with volatile environment and market situations instead of copying public procurement procedures. In addition, it would be senseless to collect Performa invoices from a dozen or more suppliers registered for one transaction, without considering the time and cost factors. Instead, grouping suppliers in two or three, analysing past performances and eliminating unresponsive bidders would increases efficiency. In this time of rapid development and expansion in business, the role played by supply management is crucial. Hence, executives should refrain from placing untrained personnel for this inefficiently procedural, enormously resource-consuming and hugely demanding job. In doing so, public bodies and managers of public enterprises ought to ensure timely supplies, improve service, rekindle economic growth and protect their employees from sliding into unlawful behaviors. ................................................................................................... Yohannes Abebe is a procurement specialist. He served at the Commercial Bank of Ethiopia (CBE). He can be contacted at yohannesabebe10@yahoo.com.
C O M M E N TA R Y
P ag e 27
With his new perspective on peace and security, Meles Zenawi has made Africa more secure than it was previously, argues Abudul Mohammed, a close friend and chief of staff of the African Union High Level Implementation Panel on Sudan. Meles deserves the proper recognition for his contribution, he reflects in this commentary exclusively submitted to Fortune.
Meles Makes Africa More Secure

Shallow nationalism does not properly analyse the internal challenges of Ethiopia and instead looks at Ethiopia from the outside.
s the 50th anniversary of the African Union (formerly the Organisation for African Unity) is being celebrated, the issue of peace and security, and the role played by the organisation and its member states, continues to be a primary preoccupation. In recognition of this, a new, progressive definition of peace and security seems to have emerged. The definition takes peace and security as a foreign policy tool, contributing to the stability, security and development of Africa, and the strengthening of the continental peace and security architecture. The late Prime Minister Meles Zenawis thoughts on this issue are now, more than ever, relevant to Africas quest for peace, security and prosperity. Meles was widely recognised as a bold and innovative economic theorist and practitioner. Less known is his contribution to the theory and practice of Ethiopias national security and foreign policy. Drawing upon 21 years of engagement with Meles, his senior officials and advisers and his writings, I suggest that his theory and practice in national security, defence and foreign policy deserves greater attention. In
By Brendan Cox
the last ten years, for the first time in Ethiopias history, the country has had a comprehensive and integrated national security and foreign policy doctrine. Meles himself is widely credited with having written the 2002 white paper on national security and foreign policy, and it certainly bears the hallmarks of his writing style. The national security doctrine is the product of a thorough process of reflection and analysis, characteristic of the EPRDF under Meles leadership. It is intimately linked to the national development strategy, with the two reinforcing each other. The white paper also shows the circumstances of its origin - namely, the aftermath of the bitter war with Eritrea and the divisions within the EPRDF that surfaced during and after the war. Just as Meles writings on economic theory are, in part,
a rebuttal of prevalent neoliberal dogmas, the national security and foreign policy paper is a rebuttal of a simplistic tradition of shallow nationalism, which views Ethiopia as a land besieged by enemies, needing to invest first and foremost in a huge national army to defend its independence and territorial integrity. To the contrary, Meles argued that Ethiopia would become strong by achieving internal cohesion and broad-based development, and suggested that its security strategy should stem from a rigorous analysis of the national predicament. What we might call the Meles doctrine of Ethiopian national security is founded on the three pillars; building the developmental state, harnessing national pride in a progressive manner and recognising the reality of globalisation so as to best utilise it for Ethiopias advantage. The core of Meles argument was that, if Ethiopia is to survive, it needs to become more prosperous and better governed. Although the immediate context of the 1998 war with Eritrea was that Ethiopia had relaxed its military guard, the fundamental reason why the country remained prone to external
threats was that it was poor and underdeveloped. It was national weakness in these aspects that left the country vulnerable to external enemies; both attacks by neighbours and manipulation by global powers. Meles was anxious to rebut those who would argue that Ethiopias overriding needs were a strong national army and a fierce sense of nationalism; pointing out that the Dergues vast army collapsed and that chauvinistic pride in Ethiopias past glories could not be squared with the shame and indignity of being a beggar nation, relying on foreign handouts, with its citizens rushing abroad for even the most menial employment at the first opportunity. Meles argued that bragging and arrogant declarations of bravado by previous governments-what he dismissed as jingoism with an empty stomach-divided the citizens, left them without consciousness of their true interests in a strong and united Ethiopia, impoverished the nation and, therefore, exposed it to greater vulnerabilities. Shallow nationalism, he argued, does not properly analyse
VIEW P OIN T
n United Nations corridors, one will often hear frustrated diplomats whispering that the amount of process around an issue is inversely correlated to the likelihood of achieving anything on it. The process of replacing the UNs Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) will certainly be a long one: it does not end until September, 2015. But, despite the huge bureaucracy surrounding it, we do not have to accept an outcome based on the lowest common denominator. The high-level panel set up by the UN secretary general and cochaired by Britains prime minister David Cameron; the Liberian president, Ellen Johnson Sirleaf and the Indonesian president, Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono, which is intended to steer the process, will meet soon. The challenge for the panel is to set a new agenda, ignite passions and stimulate the drive that is so desperately needed, rather than delivering a report bogged down by political bargaining. The model the panel should seek to emulate is that of the Millennium Declaration - the springboard for the MDGs, which changed the way
Watering Down of Development Ambition Worrisome

The argument that reducing inequality is peripheral to the debate is simply wrong. Poverty could not be eradicated without tackling inequality.
governments and aid agencies work and how they measure their success. It is not an easy task. The chairs have invested significant time in steering the process and previous panel meetings in London, Monrovia and Bali have made steady progress. But, we are now at the final hurdle and this is when things get difficult. The panel has just 15 days left to make its report matter. Reports that early drafts have watered down early ambition are worrisome. The panel risks falling into the trap of including everything and prioritising nothing, as well as pre-empting the next phase of the deliberations, which will be intergovernmental negotiations lasting at least a year. There will be plenty of time for sweating the small stuff. Instead, this document needs to set the development agenda for at least the next 15 years and must, therefore, inspire governments, the development community and the public to aim higher. The smartest way to do that is by having a simple idea at the centre - that of setting zero targets. To eradicate hunger, not just halve it. To eliminate preventable deaths, not just reduce them by a fraction. To end absolute income poverty, not simply limit it. This is ambitious; and that is the point. But, for the first time, it is also achievable. Finishing the job of the MDGs should be the central idea of the report. The panels report must also maintain a focus on human development. It sounds obvious, but people must be at the heart of this process. The world is a very different place from the one in which the Millennium Declaration was negotiated. We need the new framework to tackle sustainability, reflect the new sources of finance and understand the shift in economic power. But, the needs of the poorest and most vulnerable people must still be at the centre. Improvements in their lives must be the end we seek. Finally, and crucially, the report must effectively tackle inequality. This is the greatest growing development challenge and the panel still have not got to grips with it properly. The argument that reducing inequality is peripheral to the debate is simply wrong. We cannot eradicate poverty by 2030 without tackling inequality. If we simply rely on optimistic growth patterns, 400 million people will still be living in extreme poverty by that deadline. The majority of the worlds poor now live in middle-income countries, where inequality is greatest. This challenge is not going away. Take India, home to almost a third of those living on less than two dollars a day. The country is characterised by growing inequalities of income and wealth, which map on to existing inequalities in gender, caste and religion. By 2030, if trends continue even factoring in strong growth projections India will still have 275 million people living on less than two dollars a day. With a reduction in inequality to 1990 levels, India would be on track to completely eradicate this form of income poverty by the early 2030s. Even on the much criticised 1.25 dollars a day measure of poverty, trends would mean that without addressing inequality, 16 million people in India would still be under that line by 2030. So, with two weeks to go, the panel has big issues to tackle or risk their conclusions being outdated before the framework is even agreed. To inspire a new generation they must remain bold and focused. To be relevant and effective they must tackle inequality head on. Drafts are meant to be revised, so it is not too late. But, the panel have a lot of sleepless nights ahead of them. ........................................................ Brendan Cox is director of policy and advocacy at Save the Children. This commentary first appeared on Poverty Matters , a development debate hub under The Guardian.
P ag e 28
P ag e 29
P ag e 30
Op-ed Notes
Scaling-up Policies Realise Sustainable Growth Only If Peculiarities Are Accounted For
There is little similarity, in terms of personality, that one could find between officials of the ruling EPRDF a political party that had been at the driving seat of policymaking in the country for the last 21 years. What seems to cement their presence under one umbrella is their inclination towards the guiding principles of Revolutionary Democracy. At the core of these principles lies the belief in a very strong and proactive state, dubbed the Democratic Developmental State. Even then, the EPRDFites do not completely reject technocrats, who they deem to be helpful in their job of governing the country. One such example is Mekonnen Manyzewal, the overly technocratic Minister of Industry (MoI), assigned to the post by the late Meles Zenawi who seems to have been impressed by his performance in his previous stateministerial post at the Ministry of Finance & Economic Development (MoFED). Pushy, but sufficiently diplomatic, Mekonnen is now entrusted to transform the structure of the national economy, from its mainstay agrarian bias, towards a more jobproducing industrial orientation. At the other end of the economic aisle sits Tefera Drebew, another technocratic EPRDFite, educated in agricultural economics and delegated to oversee the transformation of the agricultural sector, which has been the backbone of the national economy for many years. Teferas assignment is not only about the sector itself, which contributes close to 45pc of the gross domestic product (GDP) of the nation, but also the livelihoods of the 69.7 million people of the nation employed within it. If there is anything that separates Mekonnen from Tefera, it is political affiliation and experience. Whereas Mekonnen commands immense experience in economic planning, resource mobilisation, project designing and programme implementation, Tefera has lesser years of high-level appointments. Not least, Mekonnen is one of the few non-party member officials of the time, which gives him more operational space than Tefera, a member of the Amhara National Democratic Movement (ANDM) a member of the ruling coalition. Beyond the personal differences, however, the job of realising the structural transformation of the rather volatile economy of the nation rests on the shoulders of the two officials. There is an inherent need for the lengthy bureaucratic lines that they oversee to collaborate, in order to bring a change in the composition of the aggregate product of the economy. And, the job is very crucial for both the nation and the ruling party. At stake is the livelihood of the 80 million plus citizens of the nation, whose number is growing at an average rate of 2.7pc annually. It also involves uplifting the little over 29pc of the population currently living under absolute poverty and elevating the average per capita income of the nation from its current rate of 374.2 dollars. No doubt that the task involves bringing a progressive shift from the sector that Tefera leads to that of Mekonnens. But, eventually, this has to be done without affecting the total productivity of the agriculture sector. Total agricultural production of the nation stood at 203.5 million quintals, in 2011/2012. The average growth rate of this production has been approximately 8.7pc, between 2005/06 and 2011/12. Thus, any shift in structure should not deprive this sector of the fast growth rate that it continues to witness. A shift to industrialisation means a growing contribution of the sector that Mekonnen oversees to the GDP, from its current rate of 5.2pc. This will eventually help to expand the size of employment that the sector offers, from its current standing of 415,000. For the EPRDFites - who are slowly but surely evolving towards collective leadership, partly forced by their sensitivities after the death of Meles - the policy of scaling-up best practices is the panacea for the intended shift in economic structure. Learning from their recognised achievement in the agriculture sector, they resorted to organising developmental armies as instruments of policy implementation. Mekonnen and Tefera have taken their fair share of the challenge in the due process. For Tefera, the pertinent task has become to enhance the absorption rate of recommended rates of input supply, market linkage, extension support and productivity per hectare. For Mekonnen, on the other hand, the assignment has become to elevate the productivity of industries and reduce their wasted inefficiencies through the Japanese production philosophy, referred to as Kiezen. Efforts by both sectors seem to be based on gross recommendations, however. Agricultural extension workers, deployed under the subordinates of Teferras ministry, recommend that farmers strive to reach the level of model farmers, regardless of their peculiar production challenges. The disconnect between their gross recommendations and the differing production challenges of farmers living in different areas seems to contribute to the lag in productivity growth, observed in the last production year, which stood at 4.5pc, compared to the projected 20pc. No different is the case in the industrial sector that Mekonnen presides over. Under the Kiezen philosophy, industries are told to reduce inefficiencies and organise their production line without differentiation. The rates of reduction envisioned from them are set to be similar, even if their engagements differ massively. A partial result of the one-size-fits-all approach has been a general lag in export earnings and struggling manufacturers. Low productivity, piling stocks and lost earnings have become norms in the sector. It all seems to originate from the very policy choices of the EPRDFites. It all goes as such, even if history provides enough evidence about the costs of gross policy recommendations. A showcase to the situation could be the costs inflicted on the economy with the widespread efforts of digging ponds as water harvesting mechanisms, with no consideration to climatic variations. As much as the scaling-up effort is a wise approach in bringing a sizeable economic push - an essential element in brining structural transformation - it ought to be tailored to the production challenges of farmers living in different localities and industrialists engaged in different manufacturing ventures. It is only when the technological, financial and capacity building supports, provided by the varying government agencies, are tailored to the pertinent production challenges of producers (be it farmers or industrialists) that sustainable productivity advances could be achieved. Despite differences in their political affiliation, this seems to be how Teferra and Mekonnen ought to align their respective sectoral strategies, if their efforts are meant to bring considerable changes in the structural composition of the economy. As the end to the Growth & Transformation Plan (GTP) fast approaches, the liabilities for not doing so in time will obviously increase, which, eventually, could bring developmental results that both the nation and the ruling EPRDFites could not afford to see.
From Disengagement to Corruption

With a convergence of both personal and environmental factors, last week I was encouraged to recall my childhood. The personal side of the situation entailed my confusion, disappointment and sense of hopelessness towards the lag in professional growth. Environmentally, this was complemented by the popular exuberance witnessed at the detainment of high-level government officials accused of corruption. My childhood was filled with atypical struggles between myself - a kid who embrace peculiarity, and my parents - guardians who craved seeing their lone son become as sociable as possible. In a family, which cherishes incessant expansion, I was a kid who negated popular lines. As a typical Abyssinian senior, my father used to get endlessly frustrated with my constant reservation in treading accepted lines. He even used to denounce me with harsh words, in order to get me back on the popular trend. Unfortunately, it took me close to two decades to realise the core of my childhood struggle; disengagement. Disengagement, as it is often dubbed, remains a major issue in the fast-paced, highpressure economic and political landscape. Major institutional establishments of our fair nation suffer from the ever-growing costs associated with the very problem that, too, shrouded my childhood. As it is perceived popularly, disengagement involves - inaction, unwillingness to take part in group efforts, a lack of initiative to collaborate and a detachment from established interests. Therefore, generally it equates to a negative force regarding group effort. It holds the growth aspiration of groups back. The institutional version of this problem is seen infecting all major establishments of our contemporary political economy. Companies, political parties, state structures and religious institutions are infected with the problem, so much so that their growth is being
O
My
p i n i o
B y Getachew T. Alemu
significantly hampered. Disengaged employees are a common reality within the Ethiopian private sector. Disenfranchises with a top-down management style, uncompetitive salaries, poor working environments and carrier lags etc, means that many employees of the sector are seen being disengaged from the brands, values and visions of their companies. Their disengagement seems to make them inherently focussed on the gaps within the system. As much as most breathe disapproval, they fill the air with pessimistic talk and negative acts. The little attention that managers afford to disengaged employees worsens the case even further. Often, it is only after it is too late to reverse the damage to the working culture, values and vision of a company, that managers act, if ever, to change things. A situation that could have concluded with some sort of corrective action, is often seen transpiring into an ugly dismissal or emotional resignation. Ethiopian political parties are not new to this disengagement, either. Most have members who simply fill rosters with their profiles. They are little connected to the ideological leanings of the parties, or decisions of the higher echelons of power. One can witness the magnitude of the disengagement present within political parties, simply by considering the ratio of publicised political frictions to the size of the politically active population. Continuous frictions, fractures, disintegration and closures are all results of the unattended disengagement of members. The magnitude and cost of disengagement is even sizeable when it comes to the ruling party itself. With rising membership numbers - estimated to have reached 7.5 million - the party has grown too big to be able to effectively trace disengagements. The case has become even worse with the party doubling as the caretaker of the state structure. With the EPRDF, disengaged party
members have ample excuses to cover their failures. They have all sorts of bureaucratic deficits to attach their disengagement to. The very culture of democratic centralism practiced by the party, reduces the probability of identifying disengaged cadres at an early stage. Rather, it is often allowed to sail through the ladders of leadership, hidden under the very shells of group responsibility. Seemingly, the costs of the disengagements within the ruling party are far more than the costs in any other establishment. A disengaged ruling party official would not just settle for breathing pessimism through the corridors. Rather, they would make use of their disposable power to obtain improper benefits. Therein lays the space for corruption. As all tiers of the ruling party seem to embrace some level of disengagement, there is a progressive deviation (some call it evolution) from the core principles of accountability. This is further complicated by the decreased leverage of the chairman to purge officials identified to be disengaged, when compared to his corporate counterparts. Hence, malpractices are seen getting increasingly destructive. And, the EPRDF of old, identified by its tough evaluations and struggle for ideological purity, is shrinking into a party shrouded in complacency and corruption. Reversing the current trend of disengagement in our fair nation demands proactive leadership at different levels. All these individuals, from corporate CEOs to government officials, with the authority to make decisions, ought to have a sharp sense to signs of disengagement. It is only if they are able to identify it at an early state that they could treat it effectively and avoid its damaging impacts. No firing, purging and detainment could reverse the damage once it is done. Getachew T. Alemu is the OpEd Editor for Fortune. He can be contacted at getachew@ addisfortune.com.
................................
P ag e 31
P ag e 32
P ag e 33
P ag e 34
P ag e 35
P ag e 35
Arada
By Girma Feyissa
The city centre is meant for huge theatres, museums, monuments and business centres. The people prefer to live in the outskirts.
City life a Ethiopia is under revolution. At the base of the revolution, sits condominium apartments hosting thousands of people, vertically. As space is restricted, the way of life of residents in cities hosting these apartments is evolving. Some similarity with cities in the east and west of the developed world is also arising.
ongested villages are brought down to ruins. Basha Wolde Sefer and the likes have gone into the history books of yesteryear. Makonnen Gabre, 60, and a father of three was amongst the evacuees who were recently moved to the newly built Jamo Condominium Site, south-west of the capital. Makonnen was born and bred in the vicinity of the Ministry of Education (MoE), in what is commonly known as Sefi Sefer. He had never dreamt of being evicted from the place where he had been comfortably dwelling in his fenced, large compound for the last 60 years. But, he had to; it was for a good cause. Thousands of families who faced the same fate had no one to console them and stand by them. But, they did have the City Hall. They were given choices - like moving to the new sites or receiving compensation money and trying to find their own place to live. Makonnen opted to move to Jomo, even if his decision might entail unfavourable living conditions, like squeezing his large family into a twobed room modern apartment. Makonnen had to sell off his luxury furniture as scrap and replace it with a few makeshift convertibles, which serve as sofas during day time and as beds at night. His kitchen cabinets, which were acquired after years of savings, had to be dismantled and taken to a relatives residence to be kept as trusts. All the other junk, like firewood and sacks of charcoal, had to be sold at a nominal price. The two dogs had to
Urban Revolution
be left to fate and stray. Jomo, like other sites, is a place where thousands of families have settled in one place, ready to accept and enjoy whatever life in a concentrated dwelling infrastructure may entail. Makonnen had once visited Moscow, Russia, for a short time and had stayed in an apartment building, accommodating the Bycal Hotel, located at the outskirts the city. This was at a time when members of all like parties from across the world had come to the republic to attend the general assembly of the Communist Party. Many of them were complaining about the inhumane nature of the designs of the apartments. Everywhere one went, they stood as structures manifesting, what the West would call, totalitarianism. The heights of the buildings, 11 storeys, and the colour (grey), were the same. The elite favoured, rather, the French or Japanese architecture. They were built amidst green trees and ample breathing space. The designs had variety. Some were high rising, while many were villas or mansions. No European or Asian design equals the Swedes. I have been in Gutenberg, two years ago, and if ever someone was given the opportunity to reside anywhere, Gutenberg would definitely be the place. One would not expect to find green vegetation in between cracks of basalt rocks. Would it not be ideal to find a river winding its way through the middle of the city for the urbanites to enjoy sailing? The city centre is meant for huge theatres, museums, monuments and business centres. The people prefer to live in the outskirts. The apartments are only three-floors high. The basement is used for laundry and snoring dustbins. Every Monday, a truck comes from the municipality to collect the garbage bins. Each bloc has a watchman, alongside his hunting dog. There are stone or wooden benches placed here and there for the elderly. The middle of the compounds is a green playground criss-crossed by narrow tracks for children to ride their bicycles. Schools are located, at most, five minutes walking distance from anywhere in the City. Trams are the most favoured transport modalities. T h e S w e d e s discourage individual motorists from using private vehicles. One of the most interesting mechanisms of discouraging private vehicles is the charging system applied on every vehicle that crosses main bridges, where meters are installed. Every time a vehicle passes by, the meter records it and the driver is charged. At the end of every month, the bills come to the doors of the motorist. What this means is that the roads are less congested and almost constant throughout the day. Motorists are given other options. They can drive around the labyrinth of back roads, in order to avoid heavy charges. The money is used for maintaining the roads and other infrastructure. Gothenburg exports granite rocks to other European countries, including Belgium. At the time of my visit, I saw the port of Ostend in Belgium being reformed and rehabilitated with the granite rock shipped from Sweden. Mekonnen has been elected as a development committee member at the Jomo site. He has a number of ideas, which he hopes to introduce in his new residence. These ideas include planting trees and constructing playgrounds for the children and resting benches for the elderly. The pathways constructed by cobble stones and terrazzos are just beautiful and inviting to walk on. The new apartment sites have indeed revolutionised city life in Addis Abeba.
Condominiums, as the four-storey buildings shown in the photographs are popularly referred, have become the new additions of the ongoing urban revolution. In a very short time since their introduction, they have brought visible changes to the life styles of residents of Addis Abeba.
CITY LIFE
Photo: Fortune File
Photo: Fortune File
P ag e 36
P ag e 37
P ag e 38
INTERNATIONAL LABOUR OFFICE Addis Ababa

VACANCY ANNOUNCEMENT CO-07-2013
The ILO Country Office for Africa in Addis Ababa is seeking to recruit a highly motivated and qualified candidate for the following position for a period of twelve (12) months.
National Programme Officer (NOA)

INTRODUCTION The overall goal of the International Labour Organization (ILO) is decent work for women and men throughout the world. Decent work is central to global efforts to reduce poverty, and is a means for achieving equitable, inclusive and sustainable development. For this reason Decent Work Country Programmes (DWCPs) are the main instruments for ILO cooperation with member states and they constitute a programming tool to deliver on a limited number of national priorities over a defined period. Developed in partnership with ILO constituents at country level and drawing from national development frameworks, DWCPs aim is to tackle major decent work deficits through efficient programmes built upon the integrated strategic objectives of decent work. DWCPs also provide a framework to determine priority areas of cooperation in accordance with ILOs mandate and strategic objectives. The purpose of the Country Office (CO) Programme Unit is to provide programming support to the CO Director, Specialists and ILO constituents for the formulation, design, negotiation, implementation and monitoring of Decent Work Country Programmes (DWCPs) in the countries covered directly by the CO. Description of Duties The National Programme Officer will work under the direct supervision of the ILO Country Office Director and work closely with the Programme Officer and other Units of the office. Specifically, S/he will undertake the following duties: Provide programming support in the formulation and design of country programmes taking into account the national development objectives, strategies and partnership policies. Formulate and negotiate development cooperation programmes by providing background information and input for the drafting of project outlines and documents as part of the formulation and negotiation of programmes. Maintain liaisons with other ILO Offices under the CO and Technical Specialists in drafting work plans and requesting and revising project budgets during and after the annual Joint Programming Exercise. In the context of the United Nations Development Assistance Framework (UNDAF) and Delivering as One, ensures collaboration with UN Agencies in the Joint Programming Exercises and in the Joint Programmes. Monitor the financial management of programmes and projects, analyse relevant resources and activities, and participate in the evaluation exercise. Ensure that Programme Decision Minutes (PDMs) are issued and allocations provided are in accordance with the agreed terms of reference and approved budgets. Keep records of expenditures and allocations. Prepare implementation reports, medium-term plans and reports, and CO programme and budget proposals by drafting selected sections. Maintain and update databases and records on programming activities for programme monitoring and evaluation of project purposes. Prepare briefing notes related to programming functions and compile materials as required. Review and analyse programme and project related documents and reports, maintain reference system for these documents, and follow up on future programme and actions. Maintain and keep registers and control plans on the status of programmes and projects at formulation, implementation and operational stages. Summarize information reflecting current obligations and future programmes and budgetary implications. Provide support and facilitate the organization of seminars, workshops and meetings. Prepare cost estimates for all such events and ensure that there are funds available. Carry out other duties as may be required by the CO Director QUALIFICATION AND EXPERIENCE Education - First level University Degree in one of the Social Sciences. Completed Masters Degree in one of the Social Sciences will be considered an advantage. Experience - At least two years of professional experience at the national level in the field of programme planning, project management and resource mobilization. Languages - Excellent command of English and Amharic. Required competencies Good knowledge of programming and budgeting, project formulation, administration and evaluation techniques and practices, Good knowledge of the role and operations of UN system activities for development, Knowledge of the ILOs Decent Work Agenda and work of the ILO tripartite partners would be an advantage, Ability to perform a variety of conceptual analysis required for the formulation, administration and evaluation of projects, Excellent drafting skills. Ability to communicate effectively both orally and in writing in English and Amharic, Excellent analytical skills, Ability to justify requirements and approaches to problem resolution, and ability to negotiate, Good organizational skills. Ability to work on own initiative as well as being a team leader, Ability to deal with people with tact and diplomacy, Ability to supervise staff, and Excellent IT skills. DUTY STATION AND REMUNERATION The position will be based in Addis-Ababa (ECA). The ILO offers a competitive remuneration package in accordance with the United Nations common system of salaries, allowances and benefits.
Applications and CV must be submitted to the following address quoting job title and vacancy number. Photocopies of certificates must be enclosed. Regional HR Unit International Labour Office PO Box 2788 Addis Ababa Deadline for submitting applications: 29 May 2013
P ag e 39
Anti-Corruption Crackdown: Targeting Whom, Exactly?

recent corruption charges as a (FEACC) reports every year that it has symptom of faction, had Melaku ever secured hundreds of convictions, the been implicated with any intra-party list has hardly included any highpolitical struggle. ranking politicians for more than a decade. For careful observers, however, the surprise would only be on the Although Meleku is not member details, rather than on the of the EPRDFs executive crackdown itself. committee, he is one of Many potential suspects will As I noted last September, the top 13 officials within the Amhara National probably remain untouched, the fact that Hailemariam Democratic Movement provided they scale-back from i s p a r t o f t h e n e w (ANDM) a member of generation of leadership the EPRDF. And, the trend current levels of embezzlement. works in his favour in some for senior officials had ways. He can remove been that they would be incompetent and corrupt demoted or dismissed following a to be as powerful as Meles to lead the officials, subject to agreement of the rebuke in an intra-party evaluation, government. ruling party heavyweights, without without seeing the doorsteps of a However, the scepticism of others being afraid of getting accused of courtroom. emanates from their doubt on betraying his old friends. Not to Many are still sceptical of whether the cohesiveness and institutional forget that the current chairmen of Prime Minister Hailemariam strength of the ruling party, the four EPRDF member parties, Desalegn has the power to embark on which is often considered as the including Hailemariam, are not such a high-profile house cleaning. primary factor for the strength of a perceived by the public as corrupt. The doubt partly comes from an parliamentary government. Indeed, That gives him the political capital erroneous assumption that he needs some would have interpreted the and the moral authority to act
By Daniel Berhane - danielberhane.ethiopia@gmail.com
Capital Insight
he recent anti-corruption crackdown surprised both citizens and analysts alike. And, indeed, the surprise was not unwarranted. The list of suspects included Melaku Fenta, director general of the Ethiopian Revenues & Customs Authority (ERCA). For distant observers, his image was associated with the modernisation drive of the ERCA under his leadership. As the state media emphasises, on public revenue performance reports and tax awareness, Melaku received high publicity over the past five years. Moreover, given the relentless pressure on many businessmen to pay backlog tax liabilities, the public was justified in offering high regard to him. Of course, many doubted the ruling partys resolve to hold its top men accountable. Though the Federal Ethics & Anti-Corruption Commission
strongly. Indeed, as is the case with any new leader, Hailemariam needs a flagship project or agenda of his own and, indeed, he has been hinting that all along. In his speech during his inauguration as Prime Minister, he expressed his intent by using the phrase - officials infected by corruption, the harshest in years. Earlier this year, he called upon the public to forward tips on corrupted officials, pledging that he will personally follow up the matter. Both his wording and tone are evidently designed to emphasise the magnitude of the matter and was unusual, as the EPRDFites often decline to make personal pledges. No matter what one may wish to think of his personal power, the Prime Ministerial job is not a place where one drops words at random. No less
SME Business Plan Competition

Are you a proven entrepreneur who doesnt want your ambitions restricted by lack of capital? AgriVest is an Ethio-Dutch impact-investment fund that partners with entrepreneurs that have high growth potential and that also serve social and environmental purposes. AgriVest can support with long-term equity capital, technical & management expertise as well access to international networks. AgriVest has launched a Business Plan Competition for potential partners. We are looking for businesses that meet the following criteria: Is in the agribusiness sector or linked to agricultural value-chains Is a small to medium enterprise (SME) and profitable: minimum sales revenues of 5 million Birr in the last year Can demonstrate high growth potential for profits over the next 5-7 years Can demonstrate the social and environmental impact of the business Is driven by an entrepreneur with a proven track record
Finalists are eligible for an equity investment of up to $500,000*

To submit an application: Download the 2-page form www.firstconsultet.com/agrivestbizplan and fill it out. (incomplete forms will not be considered) Send the completed application to info@firstconsultet.com before June 3, 2013 Alternatively, you can collect or drop off a physical form at the following address: AgriVest impact investment First Consult PLC 6th floor KT 12 Building Ethio-China Avenue P.O. Box: 123385, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Tel: +251 (0)114 401 473 obomba@firstconsultet.com AgriVest is a joint venture between First Consult PLC (Ethiopia) and Incluvest BV (Netherlands). Via direct investment in companies, AgriVest aims to deliver triple-bottom-line profits: financial, social and environmental. * Equity investment is subject to a successful due diligence and valuation agreement.
P ag e 40
P ag e 41
P ag e 42
C O M M E N TA R Y
simplistic view of markets is that they exist almost in a state of nature and that the best of all worlds is one where they are free to operate without government interference. An equally simplistic view of democracy is that it is a political system in which periodic competitive elections give the winner the right to govern without constraint. The reality is far more complex, of course. Markets can function only within an institutional and legal framework - that includes; property rights, enforcement of contracts, quality and information controls and many other rules to govern transactions. Similarly, while competitive elections are essential to any democratic system, a winner-take-all attitude to electoral outcomes is incompatible with democracy in the long-term. Well-functioning democracies are embedded in complex constitutional and other laws, which separate executive, legislative and judicial power, and that protect freedom of speech, assembly and peaceful dissent by those who lose elections. Regulatory institutions, such as bank supervisory agencies and bodies that
By Judith Rodin
Politics Equilibrates Markets

The single most important institutional reform, underlying price stability throughout the world, has been the stronger independence of central banks.
The animosity between markets and politics ought to be solved by popular rules that could mainstream legitimacy and effectiveness, argues Kemal Dervis, vice president of the Brookings Institution, a think tank based in the United States, and former administrator of the United Nations Development Program (UNDP). Striking a good balance is the best alternative, he comments in this commentary submitted to Fortune by Project Syndicate.
oversee the telecommunications, food and energy industries, play a vital role by maintaining the delicate balance between free markets and the actions of elected governments and legislatures. The Central Bank is perhaps the most important of these institutions, for it conducts monetary policy (and sometimes serves as the financial-sector regulator). The policy and regulatory mistakes that contributed to the subprime mortgage crisis and, ultimately, the US financial systems near-meltdown, have brought the issue of optimal economic regulation and its relation to democracy to the fore once again. In the US, a significant share of the Republican Party favour abolishing not only the Department of Energy and the Environmental Protection Agency, but also the Federal Reserve. In their view, markets and private initiatives require no significant
regulation. The role of politics is to elect majorities that can abolish regulations and regulatory bodies. Others around the world similarly oppose regulatory institutions, but for very different reasons. They argue that politicians can regulate and supervise without intermediate bodies that have some degree of autonomy. In their minds, these bodies merely impede and constrain the realisation of the peoples will. If an elected government wants a bank to offer cheap credit to a group of enterprises so that they can hire more people, why should a supervisor be able to obstruct this democratic will? If these enterprises are told to hire the governing partys supporters as an implicit condition of obtaining subsidised credit, then that, too, is the expression of electorally legitimised popular will. At the other end of the spectrum are technocratic super-defenders of regulatory bodies who believe that politicians and electorates are hopelessly confused, uneducated and often corrupt. Management of the economy should be entrusted to competent and independent experts,
a group of Platonic Guardians empowered to act in the states higher interests, regardless of electoral outcomes or public opinion. The International Monetary Fund (IMF), the European Commission and the European Central Bank (ECB) are often viewed as such technocratic institutions, supporting the technocratic element within states and societies around the world. At the height of the Eurozone crisis, the IMF, the EC and the ECB (not to mention financial markets) warmly welcomed the economists, Mario Monti and Lucas Papademos, as highly respected technocratic prime ministers for Italy and Greece, respectively. Experience in recent decades has shown that a balanced and moderate approach is needed on these matters. Electoral cycles (and the accompanying political pressures) are such that monetary policy, banking and many other areas of policy and economic activity must be overseen by those with professional competence and a much longer time horizon than that of politicians.
Time for Impact Sourcing

rom mobile applications helping smallholder farmers to access banking, to solar innovations providing villages with energy for light and water filtration, technology has served us well to empower poor and vulnerable people in Africa. But, the potential of new technologies to impact progress and development across the continent is tempered by the reality that job opportunities are not keeping pace with the millions of young people entering the African labour market each year and the tens of millions more who never even try. That is why global policymakers must ensure that technology is not just improving lives, but also creating jobs. Now is the time to harness the explosion in technology to connect low-income, high-potential youth with employment opportunities specifically, digital jobs. The possibilities of digital jobs are staggering. Nearly two quintillion bytes of data exist in the world today 90pc of which has been created in the last two years. Businesses and organisations of all sizes and scope companies, universities, libraries and governments need workers who can curate and manage that data; from transcribing printed books into digital formats to creating databases to mine
VIEW P OIN T
Skills like computational thinking, cognitive functioning and digital media literacy will be both commonplace and critical to compete for the jobs of tomorrow. insights from consumer data. These tasks can be performed from almost any location in the world, not just onsite at a companys headquarters, and often at lower costs. What if businesses were better intentioned in seeking disadvantaged, but well-trained youth in their recruitment practices and governments sought out contractors who were serious about employing young people struggling to find employment? That is the question the Rockefeller Foundation has explored in Africa over the last three years, as we have worked to build a new field called Impact Sourcing, which seeks to promote more equitable growth by training and employing youth in information and communications processing centres located in lowincome areas. Impact Sourcing creates job opportunities from the needs of increasingly electronic and mobile government operations; from the rapidly growing technology needs of large businesses, based in Africa and multinationals with business in Africa, to the 512 billion dollar global outsourcing market providing a win-win opportunity for both businesses, which have seen costs decrease by 40pc, and for employees in developing nations. A steady income enables job-holders to reinvest money into schooling and healthcare for their family members. And, jobs create jobs. As more Impact Sourcing centres or office spaces open up to house these digital jobs, the surrounding community will see an uptick in its own economy, enabling the creation of other opportunities for small-scale food vendors, housekeeping, construction and transport, among others. Through this multiplier effect, digital job opportunities at scale could help to
improve millions of lives. And, with Africas Information & Communications Technology (ICT) sector expected to reach 150 billion dollars by 2016, due to rapid growth and adoption, now is the time to act. That is why we are launching Digital Jobs Africa, an 83 million, seven-year initiative that aims to improve the lives of one million people through job creation for high-potential youth. Our work will focus on six African countries, several of which were identified in a survey of 800 business executives as likely to be at the top of the ICT sector in the next five years. We will reach one million people through youth employment and the amplification of the impact of their incomes on their households and communities. Our work through Digital Jobs Africa will focus on three specific interventions. We will continue to work to grow digital job opportunities that meet the demands of potential employers, including in the Impact Sourcing sector, by partnering with the private sector to ensure broad adoption of its practices. We will help develop additional digital jobs in the booming ICT sector, whether through the next big discovery in mobile health or a new innovation in business that will require thousands
of digitally trained workers to support and execute. Finally, we will support organisations that provide training for the skills these jobs require transcribing, editing, even app development. These skills are not only beneficial for obtaining employment in the short-term. Skills like computational thinking, cognitive functioning and digital media literacy, will be both commonplace and critical to compete for the jobs of tomorrow. Beyond reaching one million lives in seven years, our goal is to create a flourishing ecosystem for digital jobs that can be coordinated among governments and businesses without the continued involvement of philanthropy. But, we are committed to jump-starting this effort with our governmental and corporate partners and our current and future grantees on the ground. Together, we believe that technology can do more than just indirectly improve peoples lives - it can provide them with sustainable job opportunities and skills to work with for a lifetime. ......................................................... Judith Rodin is president of The Rockefeller Foundation . This commentary is submitted to Fortune by Global Issues.
P ag e 43
UNITED NATIONS CHILDRENS FUND ETHIOPIA COUNTRY OFFICE VACANCY NOTICE NO.45ECO/VN- 45/2013
WHEN APPLYING PLEASE QUOTE THE POST TITLE AND VACANCY NOTICE No45. as follows: (Readvertisment-Programme Assistant- Gambella, ECO/VN 45/2013)
POST TITLE LEVEL DUTY STATION CONT. STATUS Post No. CLOSING DATE
Programme Assistant GS-6 Gambella Fixed Term (FT) 68220 23 May 2013
Awash International Bank S.C. Vacancy Announcement

Vacancy Announcement No.080/13 1. Position Branch Manager 4th Class Branch Qualification & Experience BA Degree in Business Administration/Management/ Accounting or related discipline plus minimum of 8 years of relevant banking experience of which 2 years are in a supervisory position. Place of Work:...........West Hararghe Zone-Mechara Branch 2. Position Cashier I Qualification & Experience BA Degree in Banking & Finance, Accounting, Management, Economics or related discipline plus minimum of 1 year of experience as a Teller or College Diploma or TVET 10+3 or Level IV in Banking & Insurance, Accounting or equivalent plus minimum of 3 years of experience as Teller Place of Work:...........Borena Zone Yabelo Branch Skills Requirement:....Knowledge of computer operations is mandatory Salary & Benefits:......As per the New Attractive Salary Scale & Benefits Package of the Bank Interested applicants are invited to send their non-returnable application with CV and copies of relevant documents through the following address within 7 consecutive days from the first date of this announcement on the newspaper. [N.B.Incomplete applications will not be considered. Awash International Bank S.C Human Resources Directorate P.O. Box: 12638 Addis Ababa
The United Nations Childrens Fund (UNICEF), the worlds leading organization working for the rights of children, is inviting applications for this position. Purpose of the post Under general supervision, performs a variety of information gathering, monitoring, technical and administrative services of moderate scope and difficulty, in support of programme activities in Gambella region. MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: Assists to collate, review and establish completeness of all program documents reports, evaluations, workplans, and agreements based on UNICEF guidelines and follow up on any inconsistencies observed with counterparts. Collects and collates information/data for all field offices and field support coordination unit projects from records and reports received from government counterparts and prepares periodic and ad-hoc reports. Drafts requisitions (cash, supplies) based on proposals and requests from government and NGO counterparts reviewed M&E section POs and prepare payment request (PRQ). Draft in VISION, TAs after approval of Manual TA on behalf of the POs and maintain and update DCTs/CAG reports and liquidations of DCTs. Keeps, updates and maintains manual and electronic programme record keeping of all M&E tasks and other programmes, documents and reports in a retrievable and user friendly manner to assist program implementation, reporting and documentation Follow up all supplies ordered for Field office and field support coordination unit with Operations to ascertain status, prepare supply release forms and assist to follow up government receipts with counterparts. Contributes to preparation of reports, project documents for use in discussion with government and other counterparts including generation of outstanding UNICEF Assistance (Cash and Supplies) and program implementation reports. Provides support for M&E and other programmes related trainings, workshop/meetings and keeps adequate record of all documentation related to the Sections. Performs other duties as required by the Supervisor or Head of Office. Education: Completion of secondary education, preferably supplemented by technical or university courses in a field related to the work of the organization. Work Experience: Six years of progressively responsible clerical or administrative work, of which at least one year is closely related to support of programme activities. Language requirement: Excellent knowledge of the local language(s) of the duty station; good knowledge and command of English Language. Competencies: Communication, Working with people, Driver for results,Analyzing, Learning and Researching, Planning and Organizing, Following Instructions and Procedures, Adapting and Responding to Change Applications must include motivation letter, an updated CV, and a completed UN Personal History Form (P-11) available at goo.gl/9mvar. Please DO NOT ATTACH COPIES OF TRANSCRIPTS, ACADEMIC DEGREES OR RECOMMENDATION LETTERS WITH THE APPLICATION. UNICEF and UN candidates must also include two recent Performance Evaluation Reports. Please deliver/send your applicationto:Human Resources Manager, U N I C E F Ethiopia, Opposite ECA Compound, and Adjacent to German House, P.O. Box 1169, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, or by e-mail to hraddisababa@unicef.org. Only shortlisted candidates will be contacted. Applications from qualified women are encouraged
GREEK COMMUNITY SCHOOL OF ADDIS ABABA
ADMISSIONS FOR SCHOOL YEAR 2013-2014

The Greek Community School of Addis Ababa has the pleasure to inform interested parents from the International Community that the School will be accepting applications for the school year 2013-2014 starting from 7th May, 2013 for: 1. PPre-KG applicants aged 3 years old 2. KG students aged 4 years old 3. Other grades Please note that all applications for grades KG and above will be processed based on availability of space. Our School caters students for Cambridge International AS and A Level Examinations (CIE, UK) equivalent to Grade 12, IB (International Baculerate) or AP (Advanced Placement). We are proud to be a party of the Cambridge learning community. Our students use AS (Advanced Subsidiary) and A (Advanced) levels to gain places at leading universities worldwide. All UK universities and over 450 US and Canadian universities accept AS and A levels as a standards. Our Office will remain open during the month of July and August 2013 for admission purposes. The Director Greek Community School Tel: (+251-115) 515870/520606/547509 Fax: (+251-115) 510274 P.O. Box 598 Addis Ababa e-mail: gcs@ethionet.et Website: www.greekcommunityschool.com
P ag e 44
P ag e 45
P ag e 46
Meles Zenawi: A Person Who Made . . .

the internal challenges of Ethiopia and instead looks at Ethiopia from the outside. In turn, this led to a siege mentality, in which Ethiopia sought only to guard itself against outside threats, rather than by transforming itself internally to truly be strong. Meles valued Ethiopian nationalism, but insisted that it must be based on real achievement; national pride is not a policy objective in itself, but must come about through realising democracy and development. Indeed, Meles recognised the reality of globalisation and sought to make it work for the Ethiopian national interest. Although Ethiopia was poor, it did not mean it should accept others prescriptions or follow others dictates. From this analysis, it followed logically that, under Meles leadership, Ethiopias security strategy had internal, regional and global dimensions, integrating development strategy, military strategy and foreign relations. The internal dimension was, first and foremost, the national objective of accelerating economic growth, in order to attain a democratic developmental state. Much has been written on Ethiopias economic policies under Meles and this is not the place to repeat these points. The key point to affirm is that sustained rapid growth not only promised to transform the lives of ordinary Ethiopians, but also to build a strong nation. In the context of a strong economy, the army could be strong. Meles argued that spending of two percent of gross domestic product (GDP) on defence was the maximum that any developing country could afford. He also argued that the backbone of the national army is not its equipment, but its human resources, and emphasised technical training and political education for members of the armed forces. In 1991, the EPRDF was both a political party and, following the dissolution of the former army, the national army. One of the most significant and unsung achievements of the early years of the EPRDF government was to create a new national defence force: its core remains the EPRDF fighters, but there is no question that today it is a national institution with high professional standing. The reputation that Ethiopian peacekeepers have secured for their conduct in United Nations peacekeeping operations in Rwanda and Sudan (Darfur and Abyei) is testament to the effective transformation of a guerrilla force into a professional military establishment. According to Meles analysis, the foundation of regional peace and security, and Ethiopias relations with its immediate neighbours, should be economic integration and stability. Meles saw the security of the Horn of Africa region as being founded on shared economic growth. Unfortunately, he saw that some of Ethiopias immediate neighbours were unlikely to move towards the model of a developmental state, because either they were following no discernible economic strategy or relying on rents or a liberalised economy, which generated highly unequal growth and created sociopolitical tensions. Ethiopias immediate interest in its neighbours was therefore focused upon peaceful access to the sea and cross-border economic activities, but Meles hoped that infrastructural integration (particularly transport and power) would cement the countries together. A particular concern was Ethiopias traditional insistence on its right to use a fair share of the Nile waters for domestic and regional development (hydropower) and the historic concern, in Egypt, that increased water usage in Ethiopia might undermine Egypts share of the Nile. Meles opinion on Egypt was that there is no clash of vital interest between the two countries on the Nile waters. In fact, it is here that we see how much the Meles doctrine is innovative and free of any traces of chauvinism or quest for one-sided advantages. He allowed for the possibility that, mistakenly, a state may feel, as Egypt has historically, that they face a threat rooted in the clash of vital interests. In reality, this is far from the truth, or at the least, any threat is not imminent. He felt that, in this instance, the task of diplomacy is not to be accusatory, but to find ways of dispelling such suspicions. Peace requires consistent communications, with regards to the mutual benefits derived from cooperating on natural resources, such as water; that is the Meles approach. Under Meles, Ethiopia put enormous effort into strengthening regional institutions; notably, the African Union (AU). The particular focus of the AU has been peace and security, and Ethiopia has been actively engaged in this, in Somalia and the Sudans. Ethiopia took the lead in military action in Somalia, in order to engage the Union of Islamic Court and AlShabab. This was a controversial operation, undertaken in large part because Ethiopia espied the hand of Eritrea in terrorist groups operating out of Somalia. Over time, this has laid the foundations for the African Mission in Somalia (AMISOM) and the reestablishment of a government there. Because of Ethiopias history, under previous governments, of meddling in Somalias internal affairs, Meles did not want to take any formal action in recognising the Somaliland Republic, but Ethiopia has been respectful of Somaliland, helping to preserve its stability and promote its prosperity. Meles saw political instability and conflict in Sudan and South Sudan as a serious threat to Ethiopia and the region. Over twenty years, Ethiopia has occasionally had difficult relations with north and south Sudan, but has consistently maintained communication with both in pursuit of a balanced strategy. Over the last few years, it has vested enormous effort in supporting the AUs efforts to resolve the Sudans crises. Meles helped establish the AU High Level Implementation Panel, headed by former President Thabo Mbeki of South Africa, and supported its efforts, to the extent of dispatching an armoured brigade to the Abyei area, on the north-south border, to

National pride is not a policy objective in itself, but must come about through realising democracy and development.
constitute the UN Interim Security Force for Abyei. Meles was acutely aware that Africa needed a coalition of progressive political parties committed to development. He saw a number of candidates across the continent and was close to South Africas African National Congress (ANC), and undoubtedly shared its thinking about the developmental state. One of his unfinished projects was building a broader understanding of the democratic developmental project in Africa. Consistent to the countrys tradition, particularly Emperor Haileselassies, who balanced Ethiopias relations among the major powers of his day and solicited assistance from diverse donors on Ethiopias terms, Meles sought to make best advantage of the global order. During the 1990s, when the Washington Consensus prevailed over all its rivals in the global policy sphere, the EPRDF leadership fought a rearguard action to preserve the policymaking autonomy of the Ethiopian state. As China and regional powers emerged
after the millennium, Meles took the opportunity to expand his options and to be more explicit about his developmental project. Most notably, Meles commissioned careful studies of the comparative advantages of different donors and selectively sought out diverse donors to contribute to different sectors of the Ethiopian development project. Despite enormous constraints on its capacity, Ethiopia has been exceptionally effective in using international assistance in support of its national development goals. Twenty five years ago, Ethiopia was not only weak and vulnerable, but was a source of instability in the region. Today, Ethiopia is a force for peace and stability in Africa, as a whole, and especially the Horn. In the last days of the Dergue, the UN was canvassing the idea of sending peacekeepers to Ethiopia with a strong mandate for using force. Today, Ethiopian peacekeepers are a model for professionalism and effectiveness in Africa. Much of the credit for this transformation belongs to the intellectual leadership of Meles Zenawi and the way in which he was able to translate his doctrine into practice.
Anti-Corruption Crackdown . . .
importantly, time is of the essence. By Hailemariams own admission, administrative injustice and corruption are the weak edges of the ruling party. Although researches indicate that the prevalence of corruption practices in Ethiopia is moderate, in relative terms, the public perception is high and remains as the main cause of dissatisfaction. Moreover, the trend continues to affect the resource allocation and utilisation for economic plans, on which the ruling partys political legitimacy highly depends. All these have to be reversed as soon as possible. The longer Hailemariam waits, the less likely that he will be able to launch a major campaign at all. But, it will be hasty to conclude that Hailemariam intends to crusade against all corrupted officials and all such practices through legal actions. To begin with, not only a few principal features of corruption in Ethiopia emanate from the cultural and institutional limitations. For example, favouritism and using public property for personal affairs are deemed to be occupational privileges that come along with being a civil servant or an official. Even private firms rarely see things differently, although, fortunately, commercial considerations force them to take restraint. If Hailemariam embarks on an allout anti-corruption crusade with purely legal perspectives, he may not see the end of it. That is as such not because every official and civil servant is intentionally engaged in corrupt practices. Certainly, many limit themselves to subsidising
Politics Equilibrates . . .
Day-to-day politics cannot dominate the regulation that markets require. The single most important institutional reform, underlying price stability throughout the world, has been the stronger independence of Central Banks. But, if independent technocrats are allowed to determine longterm policy and set objectives that cannot be influenced by democratic majorities, democracy itself is in serious jeopardy. I find it undemocratic, for example, that the ECB can set the Eurozone-wide inflation target unilaterally. How much inflation a society finds desirable or tolerable (taking into account other important variables, such as: employment, GDP growth and poverty) is an inherently political question that should be debated in parliament. The Central
Bank should be consulted, but its role should be to implement the objective without political interference: independence in terms of policy tools, not goals. Globalisation and the increasing complexity of financial and other markets make it imperative that the domains of private activity, political decision-making and regulation are clarified. The challenge is even greater because some regulatory agencies must be multilateral, or at least intergovernmental, given the global nature of much economic activity. The difference and the distance between markets and politics must be clear - and, for the sake of both effectiveness and legitimacy, it must be based on rules that are well understood and on popular consent.
modest personal needs with public resources. The main problem is the absence of sufficient manuals and lack of established precedents that put a clear delineation between favouritism and the proper scope and application of discretionary powers, which is a necessary component of any public agency. It has been observed, more often than not, that an anti-corruption crackdown in an institution literally freezes its services, as officers become too terrified to make decisions. The anti-corruption crackdown, like any other governmental plan, is subject to considerations of opportunity costs. The political and economic returns of the anticorruption campaign determine the amount of time and political capital that the ruling party will invest on it. Evidently, creating wealth by sustaining the current socioeconomic progress is of primary concern. Similarly, the need to preserve political stability is of paramount importance - a factor that forced the federal government to turn a blind eye to corruption in some regions over the past two decades. Hailemariams anti-corruption crackdown will certainly remain in the spotlight for months to come, accompanied by news of political and legal measures against corrupt officials, businessmen and institutions. But, many potential suspects will probably remain untouched, provided that they scale-back their current levels of embezzlement and keep their hands away from the kind of misconducts that sabotage key projects and counter the effort to change public perception.
P ag e 47
External Vacancy
Equatorial Business Group Pvt. Ltd. Co. invites applicants for the following Positions: 1. Position: Parts Sales Engineer Qualification: B.Sc. degree in Mechanical/Automotive Engineering or related field. Experience: 4 Years of relevant experience Duties: Under general supervision, processes spare part sales of light vehicles; provides technical advice to customers on matters related to interchangeability and usage of genuine parts. Head Count: 1 (One) 2. Position: Sales Attendant I Qualification: College Diploma (10+3) in Mechanical Engineering or Technical and Vocational Diploma (10+2) in Auto Mechanics. Experience: 0/2 years of relevant work experience. Duties: Under close supervision, identifies correct part numbers requested by customers by using the right catalogue; prepares proforma, cash and credit invoices; arranges delivery and packing of parts for issuance to customers Head Count: 1 (One). Salary: Negotiable for both positions Place of Work: Addis Ababa for both positions Interested applicants can submit or send applications with their non-returnable CVs and testimonials within 10 days from the date of this announcement. Equatorial Business Group Head Office, Human Resource Saris Road (Near Addis Tyre Sh. Co.) Room No. 203 (New Building) P.O. Box 8964, Tel 011-442-49-55 Addis Ababa
INVITATION TO TENDER
Tender No. GIZ-02/2013
The Deutsche Gesellschaft fr Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ Office, Addis Abeba) would like to purchase ICT Equipments (Computer Hardware) in the local market. The GIZ Office Addis Ababa, therefore, invites well-established and eligible bidders for the supply of the items indicated in the tender document compromising of 10 LOTS. Tender documents may be obtained from the Reception Desk of GIZ Office, Addis Ababa, whose address is Kirkos sub city Kebele 18, German Development Cooperation Office starting (at the back of Intercontinental Hotel), from May 20, 2013. The closing date for submission of bids along with a bid bond of 5% of the offer will be May 31, 2013 at 16:00hrs. The validity period of the bids should be at least fifteen (30) days following the deadline of tender submission Bidders should attach copies of their renewed Trade Licence and Testimony of good performance of this year. Bids will be opened on Monday June 03, 2013 at 16:00hrs in the presence of bidders or their legal representatives, at the GIZ Office, Addis Abeba, German Development Cooperation Office. The GIZ Office, Addis Ababa reserves the right to accept or reject any or all bids. GIZ Office, Addis Ababa. Tender No. GIZ-1/2013 P.O.Box 12631 Telephone +251-11-5180200/01 Fax +251-11-5540764
Holt International Ethiopia

VACANCY ANNOUNCEMENT
Holt International is a Child Welfare organization serving OVC and is interested in appointing a senior social worker with extensive knowledge on cross-cultural issues. Major Duties: 1. Counseling foreign families on the Ethiopian Legal System and Culture. 2. Counseling Ethiopia Parents on Alternative Child Care and ICA. 3. Supervising domestic staff on Gross Cultural Issues. Required Skills: B.A Degree or above in Social Work, Sociology or other relevant fields Proficiency in both Amharic and English language skills. Minimum of 2 years work international experience. Place of work: ................... Addis Ababa Salary: .............................. Negotiable Yeka Sub City Woreda 7 House No. 452 P.O. Box 2594 Code No. 1250 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Tel: 251 11 662 7990 Fax: 251 11 663 4886 Email:holtaddis@gmail.com Applicants who fulfill the requirements are requested to send their application. CV and copies of pertinent documents within 10 consecutive days from the date of announcement, or can personally apply at our office located near Misrak TVET collage around British Embassy. Note: Only selected candidates will be called for interviews! Holt International Ethiopia Tel: 0116627990 Fax: 0116634886 P.O. Box: 2594 Code 1250
VACANCY ANNOUNCEMENT
TRUST Protection and Personnel Services Plc invites competent applicants for the following positions: 1. Job Title: Supervisor, Database, Marketing and Contract Administration Education: ................... B.A. Degree in Management, Economics or Marketing Work Experience: ........ Minimum 2 years and above Required No: ............... one 2. Job Title: Personnel Officer Education: ................... B.A. Degree in Management Work Experience: ........ Minimum 2 years and above of relevant experience Required No: ............... one 3. Job Title: Assistant Transitor Education: ................... Diploma in any field Work Experience: ........ 3-5 years and above relevant experience at the Airport License: ....................... 3rd grade driving license is advantageous Required No: ............... one 4. Job Title: Driver Education: ................... 10th grade complete and above License: ....................... 3rd grade driving license is required Work Experience: ........ Minimum 2 years and above of relevant experience Required No: ............... one Note: The following condition works for all cases: Place of work Addis Ababa Salary is as per company scale Terms of employment is permanent Interested applicants who fulfil the above requirements can submit their applications with CVs and photocopies of testimonials within 10 days of this advertisement directly or through post office: TRUST PROTECTION AND PERSONNEL SERVICES PLC MECHARE MEDA, NEAR SAR BETOTCH, SUBCITY: NEFAS SILK LAFTO, WEREDA: 23 P. O. BOX 10 CODE 1027 ADDIS ABABA N.B. Applications will not be returned. Only short-listed candidates will be contacted.
P ag e 48
Elilly International Hotel

Elilly International Hotel, a 5 star hotel with twin towers, will be operational soon in the heart of Addis Ababa, Kassanchis Business District, on the main entrance of the United Nations Conference Center (UNCC). The Hotel hereby invites competent candidates for the following hospitality careers. Requirement No 1 Job Title Director, Food and Beverage Division Qualification and Experience BA/Diploma in Hospitality Management or related plus a minimum of 5 yrs for BA and 7 yrs experience for Diploma in highly reputable hotel. No 20 Job Title Chief Steward Requirement Qualification and Experience Diploma or equivalent in F and B Preparation or related plus 3 yrs experience in highly reputable hotel. BA/Diploma in Hospitality Management or Marketing/ Business Management plus 3 yrs of experience for BA and 5 yrs for Diploma in highly reputable hotel. BA/Diploma in Hospitality Management or related plus 2 yrs of experience for BA and 4 yrs for Diploma in highly reputable hotel. BA /Diploma in Accounting plus 3 for BA or 5 years of experience for Diploma in highly reputable hotel. 2 Chief Accountant / ACCA/MBA/MA in Accounting or Business plus 3 yrs Assistant Director relevant experience for ACCA/MBA/MA or 5 yrs of of Finance Division experience for BA in highly reputable hotel. Sales and Marketing Coordinator Sales Manager BA /Diploma plus a minimum of 3 yrs of experience for BA and 5 yrs for Diploma in highly reputable hotel. MBA/MA/BA/Diploma in Hospitality Management or Marketing/ Business Management plus at least 2 years for MBA/MA and 3 yrs of experience for BA and 5 yrs for Diploma in highly reputable hotel. BA/Diploma in Hospitality Management or Business Administration plus 3 yrs of experience for BA and 5 yrs for Diploma in International hotels. BA/Diploma In Hospitality Fields or related plus 3 yrs of experience for BA and 5 yrs for Diploma in reputable hotel. ACCA/MBA/MA in Accounting or Business plus 2 yrs relevant experience for ACCA/MBA/MA or 3 yrs experience for BA in highly reputable hotel. BA/Diploma in Hospitality fields or related plus 3 yrs of experience for BA and 5 yrs for Diploma in reputable hotel. B.A/Diploma in Hospitality or related fields plus 3 yrs experience for B.A or 5 yrs of experience for Diploma in reputable hotel. Supervisory level exposure is preferred. BA/Diploma in Purchasing and Supplies Management or related fields plus at least 4 yrs of experience for BA and 6 yrs for Diploma in highly reputable hotel. BA/Diploma in Hospitality Management or Marketing/ Business Management plus 4 yrs of experience for BA and 6 yrs for Diploma in reputable hotel. BA/Diploma in Hospitality Management or Marketing/ Business Management plus 3 yrs of experience for BA and 5 yrs for Diploma in highly reputable hotel. BA/Diploma In Hospitality Management or related plus 3 yrs of experience for BA and 5 yrs for Diploma in highly reputable hotel. BA/Diploma in Hospitality Management or related plus 3 yrs of experience for BA and 5 yrs for Diploma in highly reputable hotels. MSc/BA in Computer Science or related fields plus 3 of experience for MSc or 5 yrs for BA in hotels or related fields. B.Sc in Mechanical or Electrical Engineering plus a minimum of 6 yrs experience in highly reputable hotel. Diploma or equivalent in F and B Preparation plus a minimum of 6 yrs experience in highly reputable hotel. Diploma or equivalent in F and B Preparation plus 5 yrs of experience in international hotel. Diploma or equivalent in F & B Preparation plus 5 yrs of experience in highly reputable hotel. 21 Front Office Supervisor Bar Supervisor
22
23
Credit Supervisor
Front Office Manager Room Service Manager Revenue Manager
24
Cost Controller
BA /Diploma in Accounting plus 3 of experience for BA or 5 years for Diploma in hotel. BA /Diploma in Accounting plus at least minimum of 1 yr experience for BA or 3 yrs experience for Diploma in highly reputable hotel. BA /Diploma in Accounting plus at least minimum of 2 yrs experience for BA or 4 years for Diploma in hotels or related fields BA/Diploma in Hospitality Management or related fields plus 3 yrs of experience for BA and 5 yrs for Diploma in highly reputable hotel. B.Sc in Mechanical or Electrical Engineering plus a minimum of 3 yrs experience in highly reputable hotel.
25
Checker
26
General Cashier
Banquet Manager
27
House Keeping Supervisor/Laundry Supervisor Mechanical and Electrical Supervisor
9 Night Manager
28
10
Purchasing Manager Duty Manager
29
Restaurant Supervisor BA/Diploma in Hospitality fields or related plus 2 yrs of experience for BA and 4 yrs for Diploma in highly reputable hotel. IT Supervisor BA in Computer Science or related fields plus 3 yrs of experience in hotels or hospitality industry. BA/Diploma In Hospitality Fields or Marketing/Business Management plus at least 1 yr of experience or BA and 3 yrs for Diploma in highly reputable hotel. Diploma or technical certificate plus experience in highly reputable hotel. relevant work
11
30
12
Guest Relation Manager Restaurant Manager Bar Manager
31
Reservation Agent
13
32
Therapist, Life Saver, Stylist, Health Club Attendant Driver
14
33
12th or 10th grade completion plus valid driving license for basic and shuttle bus transportation plus 3 yrs experience in hotel. BA /Diploma in Accounting or Purchasing and Supplies Management or related fields plus at least 1 yr of experience for BA or 3 yrs for Diploma in hotels or related fields BA /Diploma in Purchasing and Supplies Management or related fields plus at least 2 yrs of experience for BA or 4 yrs for Diploma in highly reputable hotel. B.A/Diploma in Hospitality or related fields plus 2 yrs for B.A or 4 years of experience for Diploma in highly reputable hotel. Diploma or certificate in technical training plus 3 yrs of experience in intentional hotel or similar hospitality business Diploma or equivalent plus 2 yrs of experience in highly reputable hotel.
15
IT Manager
34
Account Clerk/ Receiving Clerk Store Keeper
16
Chief Engineer
35
17
Sous chef
36
Guest Service Agent
18
Demi Chef/De Partie Pastry Chef
37
Telephone Operator
19
38
Plumber, Electrician, Mechanic & Carpenter
Basic competencies: Desirable knowledge, skills, and behavioral competencies. a) Employment Condition: Permanent b) Salary and Benefit: as-per the scale of the hotel and attractive Candidates who fulfill the criteria stated above are invited to submit their Applications, Curriculum Vitae, and relevant Credentials in person along with one recent Photo to the Human Resources Division within 10 days starting from the date of the vacancy announcement till May 28, 2013. Address for submission of application is as follows: Human Resource Division Elilly International Hotel (2nd Floor) Kazanchis Business District, Kirkos Sub-city 17/18
Make Elilly International Hotel Your Hospitality Career Choice!
R a d a r
P p ag e 49
IMF Projects 5.5pc Growth Rate for Ethiopia in 2014

Following a year of strong growth in 2012 the near-term outlook for Ethiopia remains broadly positive, with growth projected to accelerate modestly to around 5.5pc in 2014, according to International Monetary Funds (IMF) Regional Economic Outlook published last week. Last year, the IMF said Ethiopia's economy is expected to maintain a growth rate of seven percent in 2012/2013, which was below the official estimates of 11.4pc. The report also reveals that Africas inflation will decline further to below six percent by end of 2014, reflecting the expectation of moderating non-oil commodity prices and maintenance of appropriate monetary policy. The Central Statistics Agency (CSA) announced two weeks ago that Ethiopia's year-on-year inflation rate dropped to 7.6pc in March 2013, from a revised 10.9pc in February, owing to slower rise in the price of food. The outlook, however, is conditional on the implementation of sound macroeconomic policies, although the necessary policy mix differs across countries, according to the report. The report also shows that economic growth in sub-Saharan Africa remained strong in 2012, with regional gross domestic product (GDP) increasing by five percent indicating that growth was particularly strong among oil exporters and low-income countries, while middle-income countries with closer ties to Europe saw a deceleration.
Tte a Tte
Ethiopia Earns $2.2b from Exports

Ethiopia secured close to 2.2 billion dollars from export during the last nine months of the current fiscal year, which only shows a 2.8pc increment compared to the same period last year. Coffee still remains the countrys main export item generating 513.8 million dollars; followed by gold, which generated 432.1 million dollars. Oilseeds came third generating 314.5 million dollars for the country. Somalia ranks first in terms of export destinations for Ethiopian products consuming 9.3pc. China and Germany consumed 8.3pc and 8.1pc, respectively, according to the data obtained from the Ministry of Trade (MoT). Export items to Somalia include live animals, fruits, vegetables, pulses and spices. During the nine months of the 2011/12 fiscal year, Ethiopia earned 2.1 billion Br from exports while 3.1 billion dollars was secured in the last fiscal year, by exporting of 1.25 million tons of products. The revenue earned in 2011/12 fiscal year was 14.8pc higher than the 2.7 billion Br generated in 2010/11. The country had projected export earnings of 4.5 billion dollars for the current fiscal year.
Swedish businesses envoys led by Gunnar Oom, left, Swedens state minister for Trade has shown an interest in engaging in trade and investment in Ethiopia. The business envoy met with the Addis Abeba Chamber & Sectoral Association (AACSA) on Wednesday May 15, 2013, to share views on trading and investment opportunities in the country. The Swedish business delegation, after the meeting, told journalists that they are interested in becoming involved in electric materials provision, information technology, infrastructure and the garment industry. Sweden is showing interest in expanding its relations with Ethiopia from education and knowledge transfer to trading and investment. Mekonen Manyazewal, right, minister of Industry and Guang Z. Chen, centre, World Bank's Country Director for Ethiopia also participated in the meeting.
Urban Mining
Allana Selects Q-Kon for VSAT Connectivity

Allana Potash selected Q-Kon, a South African based telecommunication solution provider, as the preferred provider of connectivity services to Allana Potash project in Danakil Depression located in Afar Regional State, last week. Q-Kon was contracted to provide reliable satellite communications from its intermediate band solarcell band satellite access platform to Allanas exploration site based in Afar. The solution ensures that the site is able to leverage a reliable VSAT link that can grow to high availability, high capacity links for future mine development and operation, according to the press statement issued by Q-Kon. Allana Potash is a publicly traded corporation which focuses on the acquisition and development of potash assets internationally with its major focus on a previously explored potash resource in Ethiopia. Allana controls 160SqKm of the Danakhil Depression at Dallol, the site of extensive historic potash exploration. In 2012, Allana Potash announced a potash resource of 1.3 billion tonnes at its Danakil potash project, in Ethiopia.
Nyota Minerals hired Cutfield Freeman & Co. Ltd, a global corporate finance firm that provides independent advice to companies in the mining and metals processing industries, to evaluate the options available to Nyota after the recent financing and disappointing share price performance. Nyota, which holds six exploration licences in Ethiopia totalling 3,420sqkm, announced that its Board has discussed the possibility of a strategic partner assisting with the development of Tulu Kapi project. The Company, which found a reserve in the area, has had an exploration license since May 2005. The presence of gold in Tulu Kapi has been known since the 1930s, when an Italian company conducted surface mining activities. Nyota applied, in May 2011, for a 10-year license to start mining on 11,000sqkm area. The company submitted technical feasibility study, confirming the presence of the gold reserves, and Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA). Four licences, including Tulu Kapi, Yubdo, Billa Gulliso, and Ankoreare, are located in the greater Tulu Kapi area, and two other licences, including Brantham and Towchester, covering 3,147sqkm, are located approximately 100Km north of Tulu Kapi. A month ago, the Company announced that it raised 6.1 million dollars, before expenses, by selling 200 million new ordinary shares to new institutional investors and existing shareholders.
Yassin Nur has made a business out of destruction. He rummages through demolished sites and around new construction areas to collect pieces of scrap metal. Grabbing anything from nails and old bits of window frames, or anything that is made of metal which he takes to wash off and dry. He is so diligent in his business that he even takes the time to remove rust and caked-on dirt. Yassin, seen above in the foreground, with his friends in the same business rummaging behind him, then takes the pieces he has collected and sells them at Menalesh Terra in Merkato. He retails by the kilo and his prices start from five Birr and go up, depending on the materials that are being bought.
Except Taxis
Nyota Appoints Cutfield Freeman as Strategic Advisor
Ethio Life Insurance Introduces New Product

Ethio Life & General Insurance Company will officially launch a new microinsurance product labelled Women Specific Group Credit Life Insurance on May 2013. During the occasion, the insurance company will handover certificate of insurance to the leaders of 52 womens saving and credit cooperatives organized under the umbrella of organization for Women in Self Employment. The Company was established by 117 founding registering 4.2 million Br in October 2008 to provide life policies only. Two years later, the company acquire general insurance license to expand to its business strategy. Close to 2.1 million people are expected to have some form of informal insurance cover in Ethiopia, according to the World Bank(WB). Microinsurance in Ethiopia is aimed at providing individuals and businesses with insurance against risk of property loss, including livestock, crops, homes, and family members.
The No Parking sign around Bob Marley Square, near the former Imperial Hotel, lies on the ground after an unexplained accident brought it down from its standing position. The sign is accompanied by the except taxis addendum which permits taxi cabs to park in the zone that is off limits to all other drivers. Despite the destruction of the sign, it seems that the blue and white taxi cab that is parked next to it is still paying close attention to the law. The driver has chosen to place his vehicle almost parallel to the fallen post, as if to give it the attention that it has not been getting from the responsible bodies.
P ag e 50
SMOKEY . . .
is no longer sustainable, Kedja Shemsu, who has been selling incense on this spot for the past 10 years told Fortune. These days I have to buy Baher Etan for 65 Br a kilo, she told Fortune. She remembers buying a kilo for 15 Br in her earlier days. Kedja and the other ladies buy the incense from across the alleyway, where larger scale retailers are located. These are the second kind of retailers at the market medium scale. These traders supply incense to both the small scale street vendors across the street, as well as to customers. On the right side of the alleyway, the road is lined with relatively large, high-ceilinged kiosks,furnished with rudimentary shelves and counters. These retailers buy by the quintal or sack and own large shops, which are called Asbeza suk. They sell additional merchandise, including - detergent, coffee and spices, but the centrepiece of their trade is the numerous varieties of incense displayed in brown paper bags, which cover the counters. Different customers needing incense for their restaurants and cafes, or simply as a mood-setter when they are chewing chat, come to these stores to buy a half or full kilo. Here also, the prices for incense have been gradually increasing. A kilo of Ogaden sells for 60 Br at Wondossen Berhanus store, whereas when he started the business ten years ago, a kilo cost just 24 Br. Even when compared to a year or two ago, there has been an increase. First grade white incense from Tigray used to sell for 60 Br a year ago, but is now worth 100 Br, and second grade white incense sells for 60 Br, whereas before it was 40 Br. Bahir Etan has also shown an increase to 75 Br from the 40 Br it was before. There is incense that passes the 100 Br price tag, as well. Local Myrrh sells for 140 to 150 Br a kilo and Lubanja, which is imported, sells for 80 Br a kilo if it is white and 300 Br if black. The Borena incense, called Sete Bergud, which has a sticky texture, is also very expensive, selling at 400 Br a kilo. The prices listed are not including Value Added Tax (VAT). Most of the varieties of incense displayed here are not the reject grade ones that major exporting companies supply to the local market. Rather, most look like the graded and exportable kind of incense, though they are called by a different name. Even outside Etan Terra, on the city streets of Addis Abeba, the kind of incense sold and smoked to attract the interest of buyers through its rich aroma, looks and feels like export grade material. The retailers at Etan Terra state that they get these from suppliers or from brokers that buy it at auction from primary markets and bring it to the local market. The quality of the incense has gradually decreased, because a lot of the suppliers present 15 years ago, have now moved on to the cosmetics trade and the business has been taken over by brokers, according to Fedlu Jemal, who has been selling incense
The larger store owners (top) have their major client base across the street from their location (bottom).
at one of the stores in Etan Terra for 15 years. Whereas there used to be more than ten suppliers in Etan Terra, there are now only three, according to him. Now brokers take all the good incense directly from cooperatives and what comes here are leftovers, which are not of much use, said Fedlu. The brokers that sell to the urban and export traders, buy directly from cooperatives, whose members do the striping and tapping. The monopoly-like nature of the previous system has been eliminated with the entry of regional agricultural bureaus and cooperatives into the lucrative sector. The three major suppliers that still exist are located three blocks away from Etan Terra. Two of them were not available to talk when Fortune approached their shops. Mohammed Ahmed the third supplier, who is sixty years old, was able to answer some of the questions, but not how export grade incense ends up on the local market. We supply them with reject fifthgrade Tigray Etan, which is meant for the local market. This has a cheap price of 12 Br a kilo, if a person is buying in quintals. The product also does not look like the ones that are in the retail market. But, even the supply-side has a problem these days, since, according to Mohammed, suppliers like him have been relegated further down the supply chain. Previously we used to get incense directly from producers and exporters like Dur Mucha [a public enterprise now called Natural Gum Processing and Marketing Enterprise] and Guna. But now, companies like Guna sell to the local market, through an auction, and suppliers must have the capacity to buy 1,000-2,000qt. Previously, if we were willing to take 50 quintals and 100 quintals it was enough, he told Fortune. Such auctions started around 2003, according to him.
The capital it requires to join the incense supply business has also increased, according to him. When he started twenty five years ago, it was with a capital of 25,000 Br. But now, at-least 100,000-200,000 Br is needed, he told Fortune. A majority of the incense that is produced in Ethiopia is sold to China, the Middle East and Europe. It is the leftovers from these sales that makes it onto the retail markets across the city and the country as a whole. With the decrease in productivity and price offerings that Ethiopian incense is getting on the international market, the decrease in supply and the increase in local prices that have been seen over the last five years are justifiable, according to him. The Natural Gum Processing & Marketing Enterprise (NGPME) is the major exporter of incense products. The company was formed as the Tigray Agricultural and Industrial Development LTD (TAIDEL) in 1961, with the support of the then Ministry of Finance, the Commercial Bank of Ethiopia (CBE) and seven of the then highest officials of then Tigray Region. It was established as a Share Company
with a capital of a million Br. Although, before then, gums, including incense, had been traded and used in churches for centuries, it was the first public enterprise to start an organised and formal trade of gums. It was also the only Enterprise in charge of the land where the gum resin bearing trees grow and the only one that could trade incense in the country until 1994. Since then, some of the lands have been taken by regional agricultural bureaus and some have been given to farmers cooperatives. Still, NGPME was able to keep some sites, and buys the rest of its raw material supply from cooperatives, farmers and ex-soldiers, who have been given reserve land to tap the trees. But, even now, with other players, like Guna and Ambassel in the market, the largest export value share is NGPMEs at 40pc. NGPME also supplies the local market with fifth grade reject incense. If there is no export market and a buyer is found locally, the Enterprise also sells export grade incense for the same value locally. Currently, first grade Tigray Etan sells for 5.4 dollars a kilogram and second grade Etan for 4.2 dollars. The third grade sells for 3.7 dollars a kilogram, on the international market, according to Teklehaimanot Negatu, head of the NGPME. These prices are similar to Nech Etan, which looks, upon Fortunes observations at the local market, like third grade incense, and sells for 100 Br a kilo, while the other option goes for 60 Br a kilo . Local prices started off at 6,000 Br a quintal, pre-Vat, in 2005, but have now reached around 8,000 Br, according to Teklehaimanot. The quality of supply has decreased over the past two or three years, according to Teklehaimanot. Locally, in 2010/11, NGPME supplied 6,450qt of gum, earning 1.783 million Br. This number increased
in 2011/12, when NGPME supplied 13,531qt of gum and earned 9.4 million Br - most of which came from the supply of incense. In the nine months of 2012/13, 10, 204qt have been supplied to the local market, from which 9.5 million Br was earned. It has become a trend with incense exporters to sometimes supply the local market with export standard products, when the export prices decrease, according to Teklehaimanot. But, traders and brokers have also figured out a means to bring the export items from elsewhere. First grade Tigray incense is supplied to churches locally, since it is used for religious rituals. This incense may find its way into the market, as the churches sell it, already used, in order to get revenue for the church, according to him. But soon, most sources of supply may dry up, both for exporters and local traders. The gum plants, known as papifera, are not commercially farmed, but grow and regenerate themselves naturally. The regeneration rate has decreased significantly, according to Woubalem Tadesse PHD, Director of Forestry Research at the Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research and former Program Coordinator at the Forestry Research Centre, who told Fortune that the existing natural gum resources in the country are depleting significantly, because there have been no significant measures to plant more sources, or to rest and revitalise those that already exist. Incense is tapped from the small, drought-hardy Boswellia trees, by slashing the bark, which is called striping, and allowing the exuded resin to bleed out and harden. These hardened resins are called tears and a single plant can only produce half to a kilo of incense. There are several species and varieties of incense trees, each producing a slightly different type of resin. Differences in soil and climate create even more diversity of resin, even within the same species. Some trees start producing resin when they are about eight to 10 years old, with others taking as long as 50 years to reach a striping maturity. Tapping is done two to three times a year, with the final taps producing the best tears, due to their higher aromatic terpene, sesquiterpene and diterpene content. Generally speaking, the more opaque resins are the best quality. Fine resin is produced in Yemen and along the northern coast of Somalia, from which the Roman Catholic Church draws its supplies. A policy framework document has been issued by the forestry department of the Ministry of Agriculture (MoA), with the collaboration of the Ethiopian Seed Enterprise, gum exporters and NGOs. The policy document provides directions on how to properly tap and keep papifera trees, as well as making recommendations for the development of an institute to oversee the trade and marketing of gum products. Zemenay leaves the market with a little bit more incense than she usually buys. Getting the opportunity to pick and choose from a larger variety, she buys 10 Br worth of Etan and gets more than she would in her own neighbourhood. I have enough for a couple of weeks, she told Fortune.
P ag e 51
Request for expression of interest for assessing DFID Ethiopias requirement of renovation and health and safety works
DFID Ethiopia, leading the British Governments fight against world poverty, is looking for a reputed service provider (SP) based in Addis Ababa. DFID Ethiopia intends to appoint a SP that provides assessing DFID Ethiopias requirement of renovation and health and safety works. The product of the SP will be used for inviting potential service providers to bid for implementation of the renovation and health and safety works. DFID Ethiopia, at the moment, has 20 residential properties. The contract period is expected to be 3 years subject to bi-annual revision (with an option to extend depending on performance against the service Level Agreement). The SP will be expected to provide a variety of services including but not limited to: Assessing all the electrical wiring in the whole compound. Assessing civil work both inside and outside the house. Assessing the sanitary system in the compound. Assessing health and safety issues throughout the compound. Assessing security throughout the compound. Assessing that fire and panic alarm systems are in place. The SP fulfilling the following requirements may apply: Valid licence from Ministry of Trade and VAT registered Demonstrate the appropriate level of financial capacity Minimum of 5 years working in the Electro Mechanical works Experience in providing service to international organisations CV(s) of Key Personnel Those wishing to express interest should come and collect the Application form and Terms of References from the British Embassy gate. The expressions of interest should be sent in an envelope marked Assessing DFIDEs requirement of renovation and Health and Safety Works addressed to: Procurement Officer DFID Ethiopia, British Embassy P.O. BOX 858 Addis Ababa. Tel: +251 116 18 06 01 Fax: +251-1-618 06 35 Deadline for application is 12:00 noon 30th June 2013. Late applications will not be considered. After the short-listing process, DFID Ethiopia will send the full invitation to tender documents to the qualified, shortlisted applicants. DFID Ethiopia will contact short-listed SPs only and also reserves the right not to award any contract.
Request of Expression of Interest Security Service

The British Embassy and Department for International Development (DFID Ethiopia) wish to contract a Service Provider (SP) for up to three years to provide security services to ensure that British Government international staff, their families, houses and property are safe and secure 24 hours a day. Application form and Terms of References can be accessed from the British Embassy gate as of 20 May 2013. The SP fulfilling the following requirements may apply: Valid licence from Ministry of Trade and VAT registered Demonstrate the appropriate level of financial capacity Minimum of 5 years working in provision of Security Service Experience in providing service to international organisations CV(s) of Key Personnel DFID Ethiopia and the British Embassy will follow a two stage contracting process for this particular exercise. That is short-listing the Expressions of Interests based on the above criteria and then offer the full Invitation to Tender documents to the qualified, shortlisted applicants inviting them to submit detailed technical and financial proposals. DFID Ethiopia and the British Embassy will contact short-listed SPs only and also reserves the right not to award any contract. Those wishing to express interest should come and collect the Application form and Terms of References from the British Embassy gate. The expressions of interest should be sent in an envelope marked Security Service Contract addressed to: Procurement Officer DFID Ethiopia, British Embassy P. O. BOX: 858, Addis Ababa. Tel: +251 116 18 06 01 Fax: +251-1-618 06 35 Deadline for application is 12:00 noon 30 May 2013. Late applications will not be considered.
P ag e 52
External Vacancy
Equatorial Business Group Plc. invites applicants for the following positions:
1. Position: Auto-Electrician I Qualification: ... College Diploma (10+3) in Electrical Engineering or Technical and Vocational Diploma (10+2) in Auto-Electricity. Experience: ...... 2/4 years of relevant work experience. Duties: ............. Under close supervision, undertakes electrical maintenances and repair works on light vehicles; assists senior auto-electricians in complex and difficult maintenances. Head Count: .....1(One) 2. Position: Auto-Mechanic I Qualification: ... College Diploma (10 +3) in Mechanical Engineering or Technical and Vocational Diploma (10+2) in Auto-Mechanics. Experience: ...... 2/4 years of relevant work experience Duties: ............. Under close supervision, undertakes general and minor maintenances and repair works on light vehicles; assists senior auto mechanics. Head Count: .....1(One) 3. Position: Order Handler II Qualification: ... College Diploma (10+3) in Mechanical Engineering or Technical and Vocational Diploma (10+2) in Auto-Mechanics. Experience: ...... 4/6 years of relevant work experience. Duties: ............. Under close supervision, verifies correctness of part numbers; handles and compiles spare parts orders; processes orders received and prepares purchase requisitions; handles discrepancies. Head Count: ..... 1(One) 4. Position: Tender Sales Person Qualification: ... College Diploma (10+3) in Marketing, Management or related field. Experience: ...... 4 years of relevant work experience. Duties: ............. Under supervision, prepares bid documents and follows up tenders for light vehicles. Head Count: ..... 1(One) 5. Position: Engineer, Light Vehicle Sales(Sales Engineer) Qualification: ... B.Sc. degree in Mechanical/Automotive Engineering or related field. Experience: ...... 4 years of relevant work experience. Duties: ............. Under general supervision, undertakes technical and other assessment of competitors products; assesses local market with respect to demand and supply of light vehicles; provides technical advice to customers. Head Count: ..... 2 (Two) 6. Position: Parts and Lubricants Store Person Qualification: ... College Diploma (10+3 or 10+2) in Purchasing and Supplies Management. Experience: ...... 6/8 years of relevant work experience. Duties: ............. Under close supervision, manages tools and lubricants store; ensures proper supply of parts and lubricants; makes inventory and report damages. Head Count: ..... 1(One) Salary: ..............Negotiable for all positions. Place of work: .. Addis Ababa for all positions.
Interested applicants can submit or send applications with their non-returnable CVs and testimonials within 10 days from the date of this announcement. Equatorial Business Group Head Office, Human Resource Saris Road (Near Addis Tyre Sh. (Co.) Room No. 203 (New Building) P.O. Box 8964, Tel. 011-442-49-55, Addis Ababa
Food security specialist

Chemonics seeks food security specialists to assist the National Technical Manager (NTM) and Assistant National Technical Manager (ANTM) for FEWS NET Ethiopia. The Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET III) is the worlds premier provider of high quality food security analysis and early warning. We are looking for individuals who have a passion for making a difference in the lives of people around the world. Number of Position: ........ Two Duty Station: ................... One position for Addis Ababa & the other for Jijiga The food security specialists will contribute to food security monitoring and analysis through activities including: Job Summary: Rapid rural assessments in affected pastoral areas with special emphasis on the Somali Region and whenever deemed necessary, to look at food security and livelihood situations; Monitoring food security situations across the country, in particular in pastoral areas, using indicators such as rainfall, market and price, crop and livestock, and assistance, Participating in multi-agency seasonal humanitarian needs assessment conducted in pastoral areas including the Somali region, Contributing to the regular food security outlook and scenario development, contingency planning and other similar activities, Any other relevant task assigned by the ANTM or NTM. Qualifications: At minimum, a degree in a discipline that is directly relevant to or provides central skills in food security analysis, including economics, agricultural economics, agronomy, nutrition, climatology, anthropology, or social geography; Four years of relevant country or regional experience in early warning/food security information systems, food security analysis, as well as other related fields; GIS applications and mapping skills; Excellent computer skills; Experience effectively working and coordinating with partners and stakeholders; Excellent analytical and report-writing skills; and Demonstrated leadership, versatility, and integrity Somali language speaking and knowledge and experience in rural livelihood in Somali Regional State is required for both positions Application Instructions: Send electronic submissions to FEWSFSSRecruit@chemonics.com by May 20, 2013. List the position title in the subject line. No telephone inquiries, please. Finalists will be contacted. Please also indicate clearly your preference of the duty station on your application letter.
With a fleet of VOLVO trucks that will reach 1,000, using the latest technologies, we are commencing operations in Ethiopia. Several key positions are now available for suitable and motivated candidates: Accountant Person Required: ......... 2 Qualification: BA Degree in Accounting; 4 years of relevant work experience in Accounting; of which 2 years as Senior Position is advantageous; Proven skill software application in Microsoft office, Excel and Peachtree accounting; Good English Communication Place of Work: ............. Addis Ababa IT Expert Person Required: ......... 1 Qualification: BA Degree /Diploma in Accounting and/or Information Technology 3 years of relevant work experience in Accounting software Fluent setup in English written and spoken Knowledge of Peachtree and/or Sage advantageous Place of Work: ............. Addis Ababa Data Encoder Person Required: ......... 6 Qualification: TVET Certificate or Diploma in information Technology; 0 years experience for Diploma and 1 year experience for TVET Certificate as data encoder Advanced knowledge of Excel Good English communication skill Place of Work: ............. Derba Load Controller Person Required: ......... 2 Qualification: 10 + 1 or 12th Complete 0 year work experience Place of Work: Derba Terms of Employment: ..... Permanent Salary: .............................. as per Company Scale Interested applicants who fulfill the above requirements can submit their application letter and relevant testimonial documents in person to the following address within 5 working days of this vacancy announcement. Derba Transport Plc. Nearby Bambis, NOC Building 3rd floor Tel: 011 896 5012, Addis Ababa
P ag e 53
Vacancy Announcement Department for International Development - DFID Ethiopia Climate Change Adviser
Job Title : Climate Change Adviser Background DFID Ethiopia manages the UK governments development assistance to Ethiopia. We work on a range of challenges including health, education, governance & security, wealth creation, hunger, vulnerability, women & girls and climate change. Recognising both the threat and opportunity presented by climate change, DFID Ethiopia has scaled up its engagement on this issue over the past two years. We are one of the Ethiopian Governments leading partners on the climate agenda and are also supporting civil society, academia and the private sector. Our objectives on climate change are two fold. Firstly, we are working with our partners to build Ethiopias capacity to respond to the climate change agenda. Secondly, we are investing directly to build Ethiopias climate resilience and low carbon development. This involves programmes in the key sectors of agriculture, energy and water. As part of an increasing commitment and to support our leadership role, we are looking for a dynamic and motivated climate change adviser to join our team. The post is available on local terms and conditions for Ethiopian nationals only. The postholder will work closely with the existing climate change adviser, who will continue to lead on the climate change agenda. Objective The overall objective of the post will be to help shape and support the implementation of DFID Ethiopias climate change portfolio. The specific objectives of the post are as follows; 1. Climate institutions. The postholder will support DFID Ethiopias efforts to strengthen the countrys institutional capacity to respond to climate change. This includes helping to establish the Strategic Climate Institutions Programme (SCIP) Fund Manager and Innovation Centre and managing our relationship with civil society and the private sector. 2. Climate investments. The postholder will support efforts to integrate climate change into DFID Ethiopias core development investments. This includes engaging with the food security and basic services agendas. The postholder will also help to identify those sectors which need strengthened investment in response to climate change. 3. Climate smart. The postholder will help to develop capacity building activities which will ensure that all DFID staff have the necessary knowledge and skills to act on climate change objectives. They will also help improve DFID Ethiopias business systems - including helping to introduce a new Climate & Environment Assessment and reducing our carbon footprint. 4. Climate results. The postholder will help to strengthen the evidence base for DFID Ethiopias climate activities. This will include implementing the SCIP monitoring and evaluation strategy and engaging with DFID funded research programmes operating in Ethiopia. The postholder will also participate in the DFID learning hub on climate change. SCOPE OF WORK Within the above objectives, the post involves the following roles and responsibilities. To support the design and delivery of DFID Ethiopias climate-related programming. This includes SCIP and efforts to mainstream climate change in DFIDs major programmes (including the Productive Safety Nets Programme and Protection of Basic Services). To engage with and influence the climate change agenda in Ethiopia. This includes regular dialogue with the Ethiopian Government, civil society, private sector, academia and other development partners. The postholder will help to improve co-ordination between stakeholders and thus the effectiveness of DFIDs interventions in this area. To help shape the strategic direction of DFID Ethiopias climate change activities, including possible future areas for engagement and investment. This should include identifying the macro-economic challenges and opportunities posed by a changing climate and a carbon constrained economy. RELEVANT JOB SPECIFIC SKILLS AND/OR TECHNICAL COMPETENCIES Qualifications and experience We need highly competent professionals who can work across disciplines strategically to influence national processes. We want people with strong inter-personal skills, who can effectively network and work in collaboration with a range of partners and disciplines across the UK government, within civil society and the business sector, and with Government of Ethiopia, and who can provide information and analysis in response to parliamentary and public enquiries. You will bring well-developed people management skills, as well as critical thinking, judgement, creativity and innovation. Its also important youre socially aware and committed with the right mix of abilities for facilitation, consultation, negotiation, influencing and achieving results Technical competencies required You must have a first and a higher degree in a subject area relevant to climate change (e.g. environmental management, ecology, infrastructure, energy, food security, livelihoods, agriculture, natural resources management, water resources, social protection or sustainable development). You must have proven experience of working on policy issues related to the broader sustainable development agenda and ideally climate change. Familiarity with a majority of the following issues areas; Climate science including trends, downscaling, geospatial modelling and impacts analysis. Approaches to promoting adaptation including community-based adaptation, no and low regrets adaptation strategy, adaptation cost benefit analysis and the problem of maladaptation. Approaches to building climate resilience including food security, safety nets, environmental management, soil and water conservation, forest and land management and environmental policy. Approaches to mitigation of carbon emissions, including the role and relevance of the Clean Development Mechanism, voluntary carbon markets and the REDD+ agenda. Approaches to promoting low carbon development in the key sectors of energy, infrastructure and urban planning. This should include the role of the private sector and specific opportunities for women and girls. The international negotiations process on climate change including the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change but also parallel processes such as the Major Economies Forum, the Cartegena Dialogue and the African Unions common position. Understanding of the environmental, natural resources and food security challenges faced by Ethiopia. Other competencies required You must also have experience of working as a development practitioner in a developing or transitional country on relevant policy and environmental issues, which will equip you to take up an advisory role in DFID. Some understanding of the work of international donors preferred particularly global aid architecture, aid effectiveness principles and Paris/Accra agendas. Excellent written and oral communication skills (including computer literacy) and fluency in Amharic language. Good interpersonal skills, ability to work both independently and as part of a team, and a willingness to develop your professional skills. Ability to represent DFID in meetings with Government and other donors and key partners. Required Competencies are drawn from the wider UK Civil Service Competency framework categories of Setting Direction, Engaging People and Delivering Results. Specifically you will need to Manage Quality Services through the application of strong programme and financial management skills; Deliver at Pace, meeting all delivery and portfolio quality targets on time; Demonstrate ability to Change and Improve systems and processes to maximise results; Reflect awareness of the Big Picture wider environment in which DFID works, and the impact of emerging trends on programme delivery. Collaborate, Partner and Negotiate with a range of stakeholders to establish effective professional working networks Lead and Communicate with individuals and teams to build capacity for all to maximise team and individual learning and delivery Reporting line: The job holder will report to the Wealth Creation and Climate Change Team leader.
APPLICATION INSTRUCTIONS Qualified applicants should send their detailed CV either through www.ethiojobs.net or email :dfidehr@gmail.com by clearly indicating the position title for which you are applying Application Deadline : 31st May , 2013 N.B. Only short listed candidates will be contacted
P ag e 54
UNITED NATIONS CHILDRENS FUND ETHIOPIA COUNTRY OFFICE VACANCY NOTICE NO. ECO/VN-47/2013
WHEN APPLYING PLEASE QUOTE THE POST TITLE AND VACANCY NOTICE No.47 as follows: (Advertisement Telecom Assistant, GS-6 Addis Ababa, ECO/VN 47/2013)
POST TITLE/Post No. Telecom Assistant(46878) LEVEL GS-6 DUTY STATION Addis Ababa CONT. STATUS Fixed-Term (FT) CLOSING DATE 6 June 2013
AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT BANK GROUP ETHIOPIA COUNTRY OFFICE SALE OF OFFICE FURNITURE & EQUIPMENT
1. The Ethiopia Country Office (ETFO) of the African Development Bank Group (AfDB) wishes to dispose by closed auction a number of used office furniture and equipment. 2. Interested bidders can submit their bids in a sealed envelope on or before June 10, 2013, at 14:00 hours at the Banks Offices in Addis Ababa located as follows: The Resident Representative African Development Bank 7th/ 8th Floor, Get House Building Africa Avenue (Bole Road) Tel: (+251) 115 546336 3. Interested Bidders may inspect the furniture & equipment during the office hours of ETFO, from 08:30-12:30 & 14:00-17:30 hours from Monday 20 May to Friday 07 June, 2013, to satisfy themselves about the condition of the furniture and equipment. 4. The items will be sold in their present condition on an AS IS WHERE IS basis and no guarantee or warranty is given as to their condition or usability. 5. The Bid shall be valid for a period of 90 days after bid opening and must be accompanied by a bid security in the form of CPO as follows: Lot No. Description 1 Diesel Generating Set 2 Office Furniture 3 Office Equipment Bid Bond Price 10% 10% 10%
Purpose of the post Under the direct supervision of the IT Officer (NO-B) and technical guidance of the IT Manager performs the following duties: Major Duties and Responsibilities of this post include: 1. Assist in Telecommunications within the framework of the country office ICT plan, including: Assist in overall planning, installation, maintenance and evaluation of Telecom Services in the country office and zonal offices; Assist in installation, configuration and maintenance of HF/VHF Radios (mobile and hand-held systems), Repeaters including trouble-shooting; Operation and Maintenance of PABXs, Phones, MODEMs, Satellite Phones/DSL Systems; Configuration of user accounts and maintenance of the Telephone billing systems through ECAs central PABX; Be responsible for Management of all OEM Software for Telecommunications/ Data connectivity systems. 2. Assist in ICT Infrastructure Maintenance including: Structured LAN Cabling backbone for Voice and Data in the country office and zonal offices; Ensure all ICT systems are fully functional for voice/data services and maintained as per required guidelines; Assist in extension of existing plant including trouble-shooting; Ensure all Telecommunications equipment are in good working condition. 3. Assist in Satellite Communications between UNICEF Ethiopia, Zonal office and other UNICEF Wide Area Networks(WAN). In conjunction with ECA, assist in VSAT maintenance; Install/configure Satellite Phones/Satellite DSL Systems; Maintain inventory and log of PINs and PUKs for all sets; Training user in the operation of Satellite/DSL Systems; Produce management report on the costs of services and equipment utilized and Quality of Service; 4. Assist staff skills in HF/VHF Mobile Radio Communication and ensure that: Upgrading of software and staff skills as required by IT guidelines. Organize Radio Training/Refreshers courses as required. 5. Assist in Management Reports on Usage and Billing to ensure that: Users are notified of personal calls made and bills are generated by systems. Liaise with ECA and ensure monthly usage reports are received by all users. Identify areas where management reviews and decisions will improve overall service delivery and cost effectiveness. Ensure that controls recommended are followed thoroughly. Assist in any other IT/Telecom issues as required: MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS: Educational requirements:Advanced Diploma in ICT/data, Radio and telecommunications, training in Network Cabling/Infrastructure an advantage, as below: Work Experience:Six years progressive work experience in Radio Systems, PABX systems, Satellite and Data/Telecom networking at national levels. Hardware related experience will be an asset. Experience in training, support function is necessary for a field office to function properly. Language requirement: Fluency in spoken and written English. Nationality: Candidates should be NATIONALS of Ethiopia. Competency: Communication, Working with people, Driver for results, Analyzing, Learning and Researching, Planning and Organizing, Following Instructions and Procedures, Adapting and Responding to Change Applications must include motivation letter, an updated CV, and a completed UN Personal History Form (P-11) available at goo.gl/9mvar.Please DO NOT ATTACH COPIES OF TRANSCRIPTS, ACADEMIC DEGREES OR RECOMMENDATION LETTERS WITH THE APPLICATION. UNICEF and UN candidates must also include two recent Performance Evaluation Reports. Please deliver/send your application to: Human Resources Manager, UNICEF-Ethiopia, Opposite ECA Compound, and adjacent to German House, P.O. Box 1169, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, or by e-mail to hraddisababa@unicef.org.Only shortlisted candidates will be contacted. Applications from qualified women are encouraged
6. The opening of Bids shall take place on June 10, 2013 at 14:05 hours at ETFO in the presence of bidders who choose to attend. 7. The Bidder determined to be the winner of the auction shall execute the contract agreement for the sale of the Furniture & Equipment with ETFO within seven (7) calendar days of the notification to that effect. 8. The Bidder with whom ETFO executes a contract agreement for the sale of the furniture & equipment shall make the payment of the full amount of the agreed price and remove the items from ETFO premises within 7 calendar days of signing of the contract agreement. 9. The winning Bidder shall be responsible for the cost of transportation to move the furniture & equipment from the place where it is presently kept to the place of its final destination. He/ she will also be responsible to pay any taxes and charges levied by the Government of Ethiopia in connection with the sale of the items. 10. ETFO reserves the right to reject any or all the bids and will not be under any obligation to accept any of the bids received.
P ag e 55
This column gives advice about new technologies as well as gadgets and provides information on how to use new products from the digital world. Any questions on the day-to-day operation of one's computer can be addressed by emailing Dereje who is willing to advise or assist readers whenever possible. email: d.letybelu@ethionet.et
with Dereje Letiyebelu
The most radical overhaul of Microsoft's operating system since Windows 95 came out nearly two decades ago; Windows 8 was revamped to embrace a mobile world. But it got lukewarm reception. Microsoft is not saying much about what the new Windows 8 will have, but the company is saying that it is responding to customer feedback.
icrosoft is preparing an update to Windows 8 for release later this year. It says the changes are designed to address complaints and confusion with the new operating system. Windows 8 is the most radical overhaul of Microsoft's operating system since Windows 95 came out nearly two decades ago. It was revamped to embrace the types of touch-screen controls popular on smartphones and tablet computers, devices that are siphoning sales from the desktop and laptop PCs that have been Microsoft's traditional stronghold. Windows 8 was released with much fanfare in October, but got lukewarm reception from consumers. Part of the problem is that Windows 8 tries to be all things to all people. It is designed to respond to touch-screen controls, but it also works with traditional mouse and keyboard commands. It offers a new layout that resembles tablet computers, but it also has a desktop mode that looks like previous versions of Windows. What results is confusion. In addition, many of the controls to launch programs and change settings have been tucked away. That gives Windows 8 a cleaner look, but it also requires people to do more work finding all the controls. Microsoft Corp. is not saying much about what the new Windows 8 will have, nor will it say whether it will charge for the upgrade. What the Redmond, Washington, company will say is that it is responding to customer feedback in developing the update. Here is a look at some of that feedback and possible solutions in the coming update: The Problem: There is no central place for launching programs and changing settings. Windows 8 features a new start page that takes over the entire screen. The page is filled with boxes, or tiles, for accessing your favourite programs. But to get to programs you use less often, you need to slide up a menu from the bottom, click on "All apps" and find the one you want. When you are already using a program, such as
Common Windows 8 Gripes & Possible Solutions

a Web browser, you have to switch back to this start page to launch a different one, even if it is one of your favourites. To access settings, you need to slide over a set of icons, known as charms, from the right of the screen. By contrast, past versions of Windows have a "start" button on the lower left corner, which allowed quick access to programs and settings without interrupting your workflow. That button is always there as you move from program to program. The Solution: Restore the "start" button. Do not make people figure out where everything is. Make it easy for them to see where to "start." The Problem: Microsoft is encouraging people to use the new tablet-style layout like running two different computers on the same machine, as the tile and desktop modes do not communicate well with each other. Consider Microsoft's Internet Explorer 10 browser. Web pages you open in desktop mode will not appear when you switch to the browser in the tile mode. Because many popular programs run only in desktop mode, it would make sense to do most of your computing there, but Windows 8 always forces you into tile mode when you start the
they are ready. The Problem: Those charms on the right are useful for restarting your machine, configuring your wireless connection and changing other settings. But you are left to figure out how to access them. On touch screens, you have to know to swipe a menu from the right, like opening a sock drawer. If you are using a mouse, you need to drag the cursor to the top or bottom right of the screen, and then drag it to the appropriate charm. The Solution: Besides restoring the "start" button and having those settings instantly accessible, offer an option to have that sock drawer continually appear. It is similar to how the Taskbar is always present on older versions of Windows, usually at the bottom. It is also similar to how the Dock is always there on Mac computers (though once you are used to it, you can hide the Dock until you move your cursor there). The Problem: There is no obvious way to close programs, the way you can by hitting an "x" at the corner of the program in older versions of Windows. You need to figure out how to drag the app to the bottom of the screen, and the way you do it depends on whether you are using touch or a mouse. Stray too far to the left or the right, and your computer will enter a multi-window mode instead. The Solution: Restore the "x." Do not force people to do gestures that do not seem intuitive to the task at hand. The Problem: In making it easy for touch screens, mouse and keyboard commands are more complex to use and figure out. The Solution: Do not try to be a onesize-fits-all operating system. Apple and Google have kept their systems separate for touch-screen mobile devices and for traditional computers that use mouse or track pad controls. Microsoft can improve usability by designing the operating system for one or the other. Do not expect this to change in the promised update, though.
filled with tiles, but many programs are designed for the older, desktop mode. That is the case even with Microsoft's popular Office Suite of business tools, despite the fact that the latest version of Office came out months after Windows 8 comes out. As a result, using Windows 8 feels
machine. The Solution: Allow people to enter the desktop mode automatically when they start their machines. Over time, people may get more comfortable with tile mode and may want to switch, but do not force it on them and make them resent it before
EMERGING HIGH - TECH GADGETS

he Home HeartCheck can be used to help submit your ECG readings to your physician for to get advice based on your submitted reading. All readings of your heartbeat would be instantly obtained, and it can pick up regular, slow or rapid heartbeats. Another advantage of the Home HeartCheck is small enough to be so portable, allowing you to take a reading the minute a symptom (including shortness of breath, dizziness, fainting, exerciserelated symptoms, palpitations) is felt, regardless of where you are. Just bear in mind that this is not meant to be a substitute for regular cardiac care, and neither should you use this to diagnose yourself if you have a wee bit of medical issues. It is powered by a couple of AAA batteries.
Home Heart Check
Portable Solar Powered Speaker
his is the portable solar-powered speaker that charges your music player. The speaker pairs with a Bluetooth-enabled smartphone, tablet, or other wireless music player, playing audio through a 2 1/2", 3-watt full-range speaker that provides crisp sound. Ideal for picnics or outdoor locations where AC power is not available, its rechargeable battery provides up to eight hours of operation from a five-hour charge using its built-in solar panel (or a 2 1/2-hour charge via the included AC adapter). Built with a rugged, water-resistant IPX4-rated exterior that resists shocks, the speaker also charges iPhones, iPods, iPads, or Android devices with its included micro-USB cable.
o one knows for sure how many online predators there are, but we do know that they are worth avoiding and setting up guidelines for children to follow so they can avoid them as well. For parents here are some ideas for the best ways to protect kids online. They are not an all exclusive list but are a good place to start. Part of parents responsibility is child safety, which includes Internet safety and protection from Internet predators. First of all, make children aware of the threat posed by the Internet and the anonymity that it presents for potential online dangers specifically about sexual predators and sex offenders. It may seem harmless but it is not. Many new operating systems have parental control software built-in. They can help limit what children see online. Check to see if
The Best Ways to Protect Your Kids Online

your computer has them. If the family has a computer that is connected to the Internet, make sure that it is in a common area of the house and never in a child's bedroom or any space that can be closed off. Even then, sit with the child when they are on the Internet to closely monitor what they are doing. Young children should avoid chat roomsthey are dangerous places. If they do use them, make sure that they are monitored and tell kids to never leave the public area of a chat room. All chat rooms offer private areas, which is where real trouble can start. Consider installing some software that can monitor sites visited and other information that will give a clue as to what your child is doing online. There are several tools that can help. One such tool allows you to install software using a USB port, remove it and leave. You can learn everything that occurs on a computer even when you are miles away. It does key logging, screenshot capturing and identifies the programs that have been used. It can log all websites visited and covertly send you an e-mail with all the log information. Another program allows you to monitor every website accessed and capture every sent or received e-mail. It also monitors chat rooms and every message sent or received. It can record every keystroke made on the computer, including passwords. For parents the best part is that it allows you to stop access to any websites and specific chat or instant message profiles you select. It also allows you to see all the programs that have been launched on the computer and sends you an activity report of all the data you select. The Internet is an amazing tool and can open doors that would be otherwise unimaginable. But it is fraught with dangers of Internet predators. If you are ready to make music, inudge is an awesome As parents, part of application that lets you create multi-track music for free. your responsibility The site may take a moment to load, but it is completely worth is to ensure a safe it. Once the site has loaded, the more button on the application environment for will let more directions drop down on the left side of the page. your children. Now check out the step by step directions that will tell you all you Use the tools need to know to get started creating music. available to To make music you will use your mouse to draw notes on the 16 step help you Matrix to the right. To erase notes, just click on them and they disappear. do this.
iNudge
Each track (you get to them by clicking the tabs on the matrix) has it is own volume control, and at the bottom right there is a main volume control and a pause/play button. This site can totally suck you in for hours of entertaining music making. Check it out today.
http://www.inudge.net
P ag e 56
fter proving to be a problematic fit for the grim post-apocalyptic existentialism of The Road, director John Hillcoat is back on more fertile turf with Lawless, a muscular slice of grisly Americana rooted in flavourful Prohibition-era outlaw legend. While a touch overlong and not as distinctive as his last collaboration with screenwriter Nick Cave, the Australian Western, The Proposition, the new film is more commercially accessible, fuelled by a brooding sense of dread, visceral bursts of violence, potent atmosphere and some juicy character portraits from a robust cast. The nominal lead figure in the dark ensemble drama is Jack Bondurant, probably the most standard role, but one that yields more accomplished work than pretty much anything Shia LaBoeuf has done to date. However, its the characters around Jack that supply much of the texture, notably his brothers, the taciturn, philosophizing Forrest (Tom Hardy) and hooch-swilling punisher Howard (Jason Clarke). No less vital contributions come from Guy Pearce as a corrupt, dandified lawman, who has no qualms about spilling blood so long as it doesnt splash his bespoke suits and Gary Oldman in a brief but lip-smacking turn as Chicago mobster Floyd Banner. Adding welcome softer notes are gifted up-and-comer Dane DeHaan as Cricket, a crippled kid whose magic touch produces superior moonshine; Mia Wasikowska as Bertha, a strict preachers daughter with a
LAWLESS
rebellious streak; and Jessica Chastain as Maggie, an emotionally bruised burlesque dancer looking for a quiet life away from the mean city and stumbling instead on a whole other kettle of brutality in the backwoods. Inspired by The Wettest County in the World, Matt Bondurants 2008 fictionalized account of his bootlegging ancestors exploits in 1930s Franklin, Virginia, the story puts Cave right smack in his element. An artist who has always been drawn to the romance of bloodshed, crime and death, the Goth troubadour might just as easily have plucked this tale from his brilliant 1996 album of distilled n a r r a t i v e s , M u rd e r Ballads. A prologue accompanied by copious voiceover from Jack dips into the self-styled legend of the Bondurant boys. They are believed to be indestructible, particularly Forrest, who survived the flu that killed their parents. As a lad, Jack is revealed to be the runt of the litter. His failure to comply with his tough siblings order to put a bullet in a hog unnecessarily telegraphs the task he is destined to fulfil in the final bloodbath. But Hillcoat and Cave seem happy to lift from the classics playbook. The main action begins in 1931. The nowgrown Bondurant brothers run a thriving bootlegging operation in the mountains, one of many outfits supplying quality hooch to the county -- whites, blacks, civilians and lawmen alike. But up north in gangster-land, a crime wave is sweeping the nation, its tentacles inevitably reaching Virginia. Wanting a slice of the moonshine profits, the crooked commonwealth attorney dispatches Special Deputy Charlie Rakes (Pearce), a vicious, perfumed snake who makes no effort to hide his disdain for these Running parallel to the encroaching friction with Rakes is the more prosaic strand of Jacks efforts to earn his big brothers respect and become a legitimate player in their operation. His opportunity comes while Forrest is laid up with a fresh Frankenstein scar across his throat from where Rakes goons sliced him open. Jack gets a lucky break in a near-fatal encounter with Floyd Banners men, among them a nasty stooge played by Noah Taylor. Jacks cut of the deal allows him to purchase a snazzy auto and sharp threads to help him court the pious and pretty Bertha. Meanwhile, lovely Maggie works the bar at the boys Blackwater Station, as she and Forrest shoot each other smouldering glances. Aided by fluid work from Editor Dylan Tichenor, Hillcoat punches the action along at an unhurried yet steady pace, expertly sustaining tension and a mood of impending menace. The inevitable showdown, after Jacks carelessness leads Rakes to their secret distillery location, is a little too protracted, and the coda 10 years on lingers unduly. But the film maintains its suspense and compelling character engagement throughout. Without exactly glorifying their outlaw heroes, Hillcoat and Cave definitely keep us in their corner, showing even their most violent actions to be driven by selfprotection or payback, never merely by malice. The most memorable of them is sombre Forrest, whose dialogue is
hicks. But Forrest makes it clear the Bondurants wont lie down for anybody, delivering his message with a persuasive combination of knuckleduster and contempt. That sets up him and Rakes as instant nemeses. Forrest also resists overtures from other local bootleggers to comply with the new law, insisting on staying solo. That stance combined with Crickets high-grade brew helps the brothers prosper.
delivered from somewhere way back in Hardys throat, often as barely more than an inarticulate rumble. But, from in amongst those animal growls, spout occasional pearls of outlaw wisdom, such as It is not the violence that sets a man apart, its the distance he is prepared to go. Benoit Delhommes widescreen visuals have a handsome epic sweep. The earthy sepia tones and shadowy interiors are shuffled with crisp skies and green forestland covered with vines and tangled willows. The evocative feel for time and place is furthered by Chris Kennedys rustic period production design and Margot Wilsons sharp costumes. As in The Proposition, Caves contribution extends to an indispensable score, cowritten with Warren Ellis. (The team also provided music for Andrew Dominiks The Assassination of Jesse James by the Coward Robert Ford, a film that some will no doubt say the less nuanced Lawless aspires to be.) Their score here mixes rootsy bluegrass, gospel, country and contemporary songs reinterpreted by Emmylou Harris and Ralph Stanley, among others. If Lawless doesnt achieve the mythic dimensions of the truly great outlaw and gangster movies, it is a highly entertaining tale set in a vivid milieu, told with style and populated by a terrific ensemble. For those of us who are suckers for blood-soaked American crime sagas from that era, those merits will be plenty. (The Hollywood Reporter)
P ag e 57
P ag e 58
Arms Embargo Lifted, but Somalia Cannot Afford Weapons

omalia's armed forces have not received "a single bullet" despite the partial lifting of a United Nations (UN) arms embargo because the East African country lacks funds, its defence minister said on Wednesday, may 15, 2013. Somalia's new leaders aim to train and equip a professional army of around 28,000 soldiers within three years but are hamstrung by a lack of cash, Abdihakim Fiqi said during a trip to London to drum up donor support. "The arms embargo was lifted almost two months ago and we haven't received a single bullet or one single AK-47 or gun. Nothing. Because of lack of resources," Fiqi told the Royal United Services Institute, a defence think tank in London. The Horn of Africa nation is only just emerging from two decades of civil war, and is struggling to rebuild a country riven by clan divisions and whose infrastructure and institutions are in tatters. A newly appointed parliament last year elected a new president, the first vote of its kind since the toppling of
A soldier from the Somali National Army (SNA) uses a belt acting as a weapon during a training exercise in Mogadishu March 28, 2013 in this picture provided by the AU/UN Information Support Team.
former military dictator Mohamed Siad Barre in 1991. In recognition of the legitimacy of Somalia's new leadership, the UN, in March, partially lifted an arms embargo on Somalia, allowing it to buy light weapons.
Somali forces currently number in the low thousands, and are a poorly equipped and fragmented mixture of state troops and militias struggling to battle al Shabaab Islamist militants, who want to impose their brand of Islamic law on Somalia.
"For the last four months our soldiers are just sitting back not doing anything. Al Shabaab are fighting them, engaging them, and attacking them. They are just in the defence position ... due to a lack of weapons and ammunition," Fiqi said.
African Union (AU) peacekeepers have been largely responsible for pushing al Qaeda-linked al Shabaab out of the capital Mogadishu and other urban centres in the past two years, but the group is still able to launch major attacks, including a suicide bombing on Sunday, May 12, 2013, that killed at least eight people. Fiqi declined to give an estimate for the number al Shabaab fighters remaining, but said due to a lack of funding the group was mired in "leadership wrangles, and was "increasingly weakening, contained and losing ground every day". However, al Shabaab is highly mobile, a reason why Somalia aims to build an army made up of agile light infantry units. "Our national security stabilization plan indicates up to 28,000 soldiers within three years," Fiqi said, putting the cost of raising such an army at about 160 million dollars. The Minister is part of a Somali delegation that includes President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud, which attended a conference on Somalia in London on Tuesday, May 15, 2013, to drum up donor funding. (Reuters)
Djibouti to Raise $5.9B from Investors for Infrastructure

2005, Ahmed Osman Ali, governor of Djiboutis Central Bank, said at the conference. The country plans to create six ports to handle commodity exports, according to Hadi. In addition to the expansion of Doraleh, Djibouti plans to build a facility at Tadjourah, with the first phase being funded by the Saudi Fund for Development and the Arab Leagues Kuwait- based Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development at a cost of 80 million dollars. A second phase of development will begin in 2015 and cost 90 million dollars, the government said. Last month, construction began on another port at Ghoubet that will provide for the export of salt and gypsum deposits from Lake Assal. The lake is the site of the worlds largest undeveloped salt reserve, according to Salt Investment SA, a unit of Washington-based Emerging Capital Partners. Chinese funding of 64 million dollars has been secured for the port, the government said. Talks are under way for 600 million dollar oil refinery that will allow for the import of crude oil from South Sudan by pipeline, the government said. The finished products will be sold in East Africa. South Sudan signed an agreement with Ethiopia and Djibouti to build an oil pipeline that would reduce its dependence on crude shipments via neighbouring Sudan. The two Sudans came to the brink of war last year amid a dispute over processing and transport fees. Plans for a 2.6 billion dollar liquefied natural gas terminal in Djibouti, including a liquefaction plant and a pipeline, will enable the export of 10 million cubic meters of gas from Ethiopia to China annually from 2016, the government said. Brazil and Russia are mainly interested in financing the oil pipeline from South Sudan, a gas pipeline and rail links with Ethiopia, Hadi said. Negotiations have started with the two nations for concessional loans of about a billion dollars to be repaid at an annual interest rate of three percent over 25 years, Hadi said. Brazils commitment is not yet finalized, he said. (Bloomberg)
jibouti is in talks with India, China, Brazil, Russia and Arab investors to finance infrastructure projects worth 5.9 billion dollars, the head of the countrys Ports Authority said. The Horn of Africa nation, which is seeking to become a middle-income nation by 2035, plans to develop rail links, Ports, and oil and gas pipelines, Djiboutian Ports and Free Zones Authority Chairman Aboubaker Omar Hadi said in an interview Wednesday, May 15, 2013 . Commitments for close to 57pc of the project costs have already been received from China, India, a Saudi Arabian fund and other investors, he said in London. The projects include a doubling of capacity at the Doraleh Container Port to three million containers a year by 2015, according to documents distributed by the Djiboutian government at a conference in London. That would rank it as the continents biggest such facility, it said. Djibouti, which hosts about 2,500 U.S. military personnel at the Camp Lemonnier Military Base, has a 1.1 billion dollar economy with fewer than one million people. The economy relies on services related to the countrys strategic location on the Red Sea, one of the worlds busiest shipping lanes. Economic growth in Djibouti averaged five percent from 2006 to 2012, compared with 2.5pc from 2001 and
ain, Kuwait's leading telecoms operator, reported a 27pc fall in first-quarter net profits, missing analysts' estimates, due to a steep devaluation in the Sudanese pound and loss-making unit Zain Saudi. The former monopoly, whose domestic rivals include Wataniya, a unit of Ooredoo and Viva, an affiliate of Saudi Telecom Co, made a net profit of 182.6 million dollars in the three months to March 31, down from 245 million dollars a year ago. Analysts polled by Reuters had, on average, forecast a net profit of 195.7 million dollars.
Zain Blames Profit Drop on Sudan, Saudi Ops

The slump cost Zain the equivalent of 179 million dollars in revenue and 44 million dollars in profit in the first quarter
Sudan accounts for nearly a third of Zain's customer base and a fifth of Groups revenue last year, but the country has been mired in economic turmoil following South Sudan's succession in 2011. In July, Sudan devalued its currency to 4.4 pounds to the dollar from 2.6, while the black market rate hit a record low of 7.1 in December. The slump cost Zain the equivalent of 179 million dollars in revenue and 44 million dollars in profit in the first quarter, the company said on Wednesday. "Operationally our group companies are performing well in local currency terms," Chief Executive Scott Gegenheimer said in a statement. "The adverse effect (from) ... the devaluation of the Sudanese pound ... is unavoidable as there is no effective hedge on the currency." In local currency, Zain's Sudan operations increased first-quarter revenue by 25pc and net profit by 57pc. Zain, whose group revenue fell to a billion dollars from 1.2 billion a year ago, increased its stake in affiliate Zain Saudi to 37pc from 25pc in July as part of the latter's capital restructuring. The company said this had pressured group operating results, but did not give further details. Zain has undergone a major managerial reshuffle, in December appointing ex-Wataniya chief Gegenheimer as CEO, while his deputy Hisham Akbar quit in March. (Reuters)
P ag e 59
D
I
Ex-IMF Boss Attends South Sudan Bank Opening

"Of course you have a lot of problems to solve, of course the future is not going to be easy, but you have a lot of resources, not only natural resources but also human resources," Strauss-Kahn told a crowd of several hundred people. South Sudan split from Sudan in 2011, but its attempt to establish itself has been hampered by lingering crossborder tensions, not least a dispute over transit fees that prompted it to stop pumping oil, the lifeblood of its economy, for more than a year. In a video interview distributed by the bank's PR representative, Strauss-Kahn noted that South Sudan was "really starting from scratch", and urged it to avoid a distorting over-reliance on oil and to work for food security and political stability. Strauss-Kahn, tipped before the scandal as a French presidential candidate, still faces possible trial in France in an investigation into a alleged prostitution network. The sexual assault charges that brought his IMF career crashing down, made by a New York hotel maid originally from Guinea, were dismissed by a US court. He has always said their sex was consensual, and settled with her in a civil court. Since separating after the scandal, from his wife Anne Sinclair, a wealthy art heiress and well-known journalist, Strauss-Kahn has set up a one-man business consultancy. The former IMF chief told the French weekly Le Point last year that he was potentially interested in participating in "international projects", but he declined to give interviews to international media in Juba. Few in the crowd seemed to know of Strauss-Kahn's past as a global financial seer, or his spectacular fall from grace. "Dominique was ... er ... I don't know exactly," said Justin James, manager of the local band playing at the event. "I think he wanted to change his image and help a newborn country that needs investors." Organizers of the bank's inauguration described it as a venture involving Israeli, Romanian and Sudanese partners, but gave no more details. (Reuters)
ominique Strauss-Kahn helped to open a new bank in the world's youngest nation, South Sudan, on Tuesday, May 14, 2013 a low-key return to the international stage for the former IMF chief brought down by a sex scandal. The former French finance minister, who has battled a blizzard of lurid allegations over his private life since the 2011 scandal, was a guest speaker at the opening of the National Credit Bank in South Sudan's capital, Juba.
Sudanese Pack Up Tired of at Home Economic Crisis

also makes it hard to find work - jobs in the public sector, the biggest employer, often go to people with the right connections, known as wasta, they say. "You cannot find a job without wasta," said Hisham Hassan, who graduated in civil engineering from the Sudanese university of Atbara in 2008 but has yet to find work. "I can't afford to get married or anything," he said after receiving his exit permit at the visa office. He has landed a job at a Saudi builder paying him a monthly salary of 3,000 riyals - in Qassim, one of the most conservative regions of Saudi Arabia. "It will be fine. I have no choice anyway," he said. Concerns about personal freedom in Sudan are also encouraging emigration. Security agents have cracked down hard on small street protests organized mainly by students dreaming of an "Arab spring". Divisions in the weak opposition and the army's support for President Omar Hassan al-Bashir mean Sudan has avoided the uprisings seen in Egypt or Tunisia. Sudanese professionals have a tradition of going overseas to gain experience and make money. In the 1960s and 70s, they flocked to the Gulf as those economies took off. Opportunities dried up after the 1991 Gulf war when President Bashir failed to back the UN-led military operation to end Saddam Hussein's occupation of Kuwait. In retaliation, Gulf countries deported thousands of Sudanese once Kuwait was liberated. With governments in the Gulf spending billions of dollars on roads, schools and universities again, Sudanese are back in demand although prospects in Saudi are dampened by a crackdown on illegal workers and policies to replace foreigners with locals. Sudanese are also looking further afield. At the Goethe Institute in Khartoum, run by the German government, there's a waiting list of up to three months to enrol in German classes. Ahmed Shamun is making a living from the rise in migration. Having worked in Abu Dhabi as an English translator for 13 years, he returned in 1993 and now runs an employment agency in Khartoum, fixing up Sudanese with jobs in the Gulf. Yet, he still laments the trend. "It's not just doctors or engineers leaving, most of them are workers," he said, sitting in his small office next to a travel agent selling air tickets to Saudi Arabia. "I don't like it but what else can young people do? There are no jobs here." (Reuters)
n a cramped government office in Khartoum, engineer Ahmed Taha and dozens of other Sudanese, lured by local newspaper adverts for jobs in the Gulf, sit waiting to get a permit to leave the country and work abroad. "I've had enough of Sudan and will go to Saudi Arabia," said Taha. "I am so tired of this country, the (economic) crisis, the corruption." Taha, who has been working in an office accounts department for two years because he could not find a professional post, has just been hired as an engineer by a construction firm in Saudi Arabia - a move that will increase his salary sevenfold to 2,500 Saudi riyals (670 dollars) a month. "I also want to find my wife a job as a teacher in Saudi Arabia because she makes only 600 Sudanese pounds (95 dollars) a month here. We cannot live on our salaries." Like thousands of other Sudanese, Taha is escaping a country gripped by economic crisis since losing 75pc of its oil production, its lifeline, when South Sudan seceded in July 2011. Analysts estimate unemployment is running at between 20 and 30pc, although there is no official data. Annual inflation topped 41pc in April and the Sudanese pound has more than halved in value against the dollar since South Sudan's independence, making life unbearable for many. Nearly 95,000 Sudanese, from labourers to teachers, nurses and engineers, left the country last year compared to only 10,032 in 2008, according to official data. Some analysts say the number is even higher because travel movements are hard to monitor. Net migration contrasts with some other African countries, including South Sudan, that are seeing skilled professionals return home as the continent's economic development and increasing foreign investment create career opportunities. For Sudan, struggling with a high budget deficit and a shortage of foreign currency needed to pay for imports, migration has economic benefits. The World Bank (WB) estimates migrant workers remitted 1.13 billion dollars to Sudan last year, up from 442 million dollars in 2011. That helped to offset the country's goods and services trade deficit, estimated at 6.7 billion dollars by the International Monetary Fund (IMF). The exodus of workers should also help reduce unemployment. A prolonged "brain drain" of professionals, however, would put further pressure on the country's
An officer delivers passports to Sudanese migrants at the Secretariat for Sudanese Working Abroad in Khartoum, May 13, 2013. deteriorating public services, adding to the country's economic problems. "We are suffering under the economic hardship," said Omar El Fadli, who left Sudan in 1974 to study in Britain and then worked in France and the United States before coming back in 2005 to buy a restaurant in central Khartoum. "To be honest with you we have been trying to sell (the restaurant) for over two years ... It's not profitable anymore." At the visa office in Khartoum, women in dark blue robes, representatives from government-approved employment agencies, are on hand to help applicants fill in the required paperwork. "We sort out the paperwork for doctors going to the Gulf, especially Saudi Arabia which is requesting a large number of Sudanese doctors to work there," says Hamda Kassem, one of the employment agency staff. While the Sudanese government allows labour agencies to arrange work contracts for doctors heading to the Gulf, a government-commissioned study published in January also expressed concern about the exodus of healthcare professionals. More than 6,000 Sudanese doctors left for Saudi Arabia alone between 2009 and 2012, according to the government study, commissioned to assess the reasons for dying in Sudan hospitals after being misdiagnosed by ill-qualified doctors are not uncommon. "There is a very bad effect on medical services," the government study says. "The emigration to Saudi Arabia will result in the loss of specialists which will be felt directly ... in the provinces." Sudanese medical colleges pump out up to 4,000 doctors annually but some colleges use textbooks that are more than 10 years old and have no surgical equipment. The study forecasts that emigration from Sudan will continue to increase in the next few years due to economic, social, security and political reasons. Sudan has been plagued by insurgencies. Long confined to remote regions such as Darfur, rebels struck a central region last month, triggering fears they might attack Khartoum again like in 2008. Few western engineering firms operate in Sudan due to a US embargo in place since 1997, making the country reliant on mostly Chinese companies to build infrastructure and they tend to import their own workers. Sudanese government efforts to combat unemployment by hiring more young people for public sector jobs and starting infrastructure projects have been hampered by the budget crisis. Young people complain that corruption
The study forecasts that emigration from Sudan will continue to increase in the next few years due to economic, social, security and political reasons.
migration. Around another 1,000 doctors have gone to Libya since the ousting of ruler Muammar Gaddafi in 2011, it says. That is leaving health services in Sudan vulnerable as countries in the Gulf and elsewhere snap up the country's leading specialists. Newspaper reports of patients
P ag e 60
LEISURE
PART THREE
PROTECTION OF CONSUMERS
24. LABELS OF GOODS
i) The name and address of the factory, packer and the importer; j) Expiry date of the goods; k) Manufacturing date of the goods; l) Indication that the goods have fulfilled requirements set in Ethiopian standards; and m) Other details published in public notices by the Ministry when deemed necessary to safeguard public interest.
N.B. Basic goods or services mean goods or services related to the daily need of consumers, the shortage of which in the market may lead to unfair trade practice. Basic public utilities means utilities such as water, electricity, telephone and the like and Unfair Trade Practice means any act in violation of provisions of trade related Laws.
Proclamation No. 685/2010.
Aries People in the fashion business will really have a great week as they will do roaring business. It is a good time to pursue higher studies, especially for medicine and engineering students and to chase your dreams and ambitions. For people who want to get into a teaching career this is a good time to begin. You need to be fast on your feet or else the opportunities that you have now will be lost. Taurus If you have been thinking lately of starting a new business, do it this week as it will be an excellent week. This might be the start of a brilliant career and financial gain for you. With the use of your excellent diplomatic and communication skills, you will be able to pull yourself out of any difficult situations easily. This week will bring you many great options and good fortune. Gemini Any changes that take place in your career this week are definitely positive. Students looking to study overseas might get a suitable opportunity. Even those who are looking to work abroad might get an excellent opportunity this week. You will be able to achieve your targets and get everything done in time. This week you will have some good news coming your way on the career front. Cancer The planets Venus, Mars and the Moon have a positive impact in your life and help you achieve what you have been trying hard to, for a long time now. Your workload may be heavy but you`ll be able to deal with it and not find it stressful at all. Partnerships do extremely well for you and you find that you are gaining a lot, and that your business is moving at a very fast pace. Leo This is one of the best weeks for those of you who are in a creative field. Your creativity is at its best at this time. You are likely to be in the limelight for your unique creations. Hard work and sincerity will take you much ahead of your peers. Business professionals will impress their seniors with their leadership skills. A promotion or a raise is also expected for some of you around this time.
Virgo This week you may need to work a bit harder to achieve your aims. You may also find it difficult to express your ideas to your superiors. Your career graph may not rise as quickly as you expect. You need to be patient and work on improving your skills. Business professionals may experience some delay in their work. Handle all matters with care this week. Libra For those looking for a job in government, it is not likely to happen this week but this does not mean that you should stop trying. Continue to put in your efforts and your time will definitely come. People planning to open their own business should go ahead with their plan. Those in creative fields like fashion designing, music and arts will do really well. Scorpio Things are likely to go your way on the career front. That much-awaited promotion is likely to come through this week. You make a good impression on your boss with your efficient work and out of the box thinking. Some of you are likely to see an increase in your workload and find it a bit harder to complete your projects on time. Your hard work will pay off soon and your career will get a big boost as well. Sagittarius For those in a professional job, this week is really good in terms of finances. People in the communication business like media companies, call centres and journalism will see a rapid growth in their career. Accountants and people dealing with numbers in their field of work should do really well. If you are looking for an avenue for investing shares are a viable option for you. Capricorn This week, you will be able to make huge impressions on your seniors and your boss with brilliant ideas. Satisfied with your performance, they might give you extra responsibilities which might totally affect your work schedule. You need to show some urgency as you might lag behind in meeting deadlines. This will ultimately pay off for you and will be a great boost to your career. Aquarius This week, you will regain your lost confidence and alluring charm. Youll come out from the depression that youve been in, in the last few weeks about your career. Make sure you are driven enough to go after your goals with focus and determination. This week, you will have your priorities right and realize what is important. The week will offer you a lot, just grab the opportunities. Pisces This week, you can move ahead and think about a career change if you have been planning to go in a different direction. If you are looking to work abroad or study overseas, then it is time you go ahead with your ideas. Any new business started in the field of import or export is bound to do well and gain huge profits. Seeking advice from some experts or seniors will be of great aid to you.
o doubt, people were stunned by the national security agency's swiftness in putting to jail prominent businessmen and some of most powerful government The officials, accused of corruption. Their action has ignited several speculations throughout the citys gossip corridors, capturing the imaginations of many, with the main discussion revolving around whether it was prompted by political motives and comes as a result of party bigwigs infighting and, additionally, if more arrests are yet to come. Names have been flying around at liberty, never mind the fact that many of the individuals, from the political and business environment, were enjoying their freedom at the same time as being talked about as potential suspects. Indeed, there were several more arrests made in subsequent days, in connection with those put in police custody a week earlier. Nonetheless, determining who the powers are behind such a move, largely perceived by the public as bold and long overdue, has remained a matter of interest to those at the gossip corridors. Seeing Prime Minister Hailemariam Desalegn as a leader whose political power is yet to be consolidated, many are of the view that he does not have the leverage that his predecessor enjoyed in exercising his personal clout, whether to order the arrests or the release of individuals, gossip observed. Some seem to have concluded that there are other powers at play, who have masterminded the downfall of such connected people. These are not ordinary people, who can simply be dismissed as low ranking officials found in graft and pursued by anticorruption Czars, or businessmen who were found committing fraud. The politicians are high ranking party and government officials, with enormous - and near Napoleonic - power over the fate of many taxpayers. They are strongly connected to people who continue to hold powerful government and party positions, gossip claims. The businessmen, too, are wealthy and with huge resources under their command, including assets in transport, commercial real estate and manufacturing sectors. Obviously, law enforcement agents cannot possibly arrest people of such stature without the head of the government ordering them to do so, or at least giving his blessing. Not only was there
fine ine
a meeting by senior government officials prior to the arrests, but Hailemariam also consulted the heads of the three main regional states, gossip disclosed. Unlike his predecessor, the Prime Minister has developed a culture of giving a heads up and seeking the consent of Abay Woldu, of Tigray; Ayalew Gobeze, of Amhara; and Alemayehu Atomsa, of Oromia regional states, before he makes executive decisions on issues of national sensitivity, gossip disclosed. Aside from the not so surprising conspiracy theory that the recent arrests are motivated by EPRDF infighting, Hailemariams administration has opened a Pandora's Box that gossip foresees will be difficult to close. Despite major bewilderment, reservation and a wait and see attitude by many at the gossip corridors, when it comes to some of the suspects allegations (Melakus in particular), the overall move by the administration remains very popular among members of the public. Yet, some are apprehensive over the a public that has passed its verdict and convicted the suspects as guilty. All the suspects have a constitutional rights to be presumed innocent until such time that they guilt is established in an open court where they have stood up to their accusers in their own defence, says gossip. It would be fateful and self defeating if Hailemariam's administration fails to live up to this standard, claims gossip. Despite such note of caution, an excited public that sees an administration, which has finally reared its head against those who are taught to act with impunity inside the government or those perceived to be untouchable from the private sector, wants this to continue, gossip observed. It wants to see many more in the city administration, defence department and the telecom sector held accountable for their alleged misdeeds, or wealth, which the public knows they have accumulated improperly, claims gossip. It is largely seen as a political suicide for Hailemariams administration to undercut its latest undertakings and retreat from the fight against grand graft, gossip claims. What is more anticipated though is how those behind this move have planned to wind this up, gossip observed.
Test 1
What number should replace the question mark? 7 17 8 1/2 14 1/4 10 11 1/2 ?
Answers from last week:

Test 1
f) INTAGLIO (gem). The others are: a) NIZAM, b) SIRDER, c) GALIPH, d) MULLAH e) WAZIR
Test 2
What is the meaning of MANTILLA? a) TROUSERS b) SHIP c) DRESS d) LOGANBERRIES e) SCARF
Test 3
There are only five regular solids with symmetrical faces. Which one of these has twenty faces?
a) icosahedron b) DODECAHEDRON c) CUBE d) TETRAHEDRON e) OCTAHEDRON
Test 2
IGNOMINY, HONOR
Test 3
KENNEL
Answers next week...
Do you believe in life after death?" the boss asked one of his employees. "Yes, sir," the clerk replied. "That's good," the boss said. "After you left early yesterday to go to your grandmother's funeral, she stopped in to see you."
ECONOMIC AND INVESTMENT INDICATORS
P ag e 61
Exchange Rates for Transactions Transaction May 16, 2013

For the supply of torquiae, starch based glue and plastic band. Address: Muger Cement Enterprise. Tel: 011-442-0216. Closing Date: June 22, 2013. Publication: The Ethiopian Herald, May 11, 2013. For the supply of chromium copper arsenic. Address: Wanza Furnishing Industry Plc. Tel: 011-551-7999. Closing Date: May 25, 2013. Publication: The Ethiopian Herald, May 14, 2013. For the supply of 45 office tables, 45 swivel chairs, 360 guest chairs and 90 medium tables. Address: Federal Micro & Small Enterprises Development Agency. Tel: 011 -553-0427. Closing Date: June 07, 2013. Publication: The Ethiopian Herald, May 14, 2013. For the construction and completion of dormitory blocks. Address: Hawassa University. Tel: 046-221-2126. Closing Date: May, 31 2013. Publication: The Ethiopian Herald, May 14, 2013. For the construction of primary school library. Address: Semin Shoa Tesfa Berhan Child & Family Development Association. Tel: 011-656-0155. Closing Date: May 27, 2013. Publication: The Ethiopian Herald, May 12, 2013. For the construction and completion of excavation, back filling and construction of masonry. Address: Jimma City Administration. Tel: 047111-1169. Closing Date: May 29, 2013. Publication: The Ethiopian Herald, May 14, 2013.
Currency Buying 18.5328 28.1439 23.8221 19.0373 2.7727 3.1603 3.1965 0.1061 0.1805 18.1498 0.3383 0.2212 18.3011 27.620358 1.9937 Selling 18.9035 28.7068 24.2985 19.3990 2.8254 3.2204 3.2573 0.1081 0.1841 18.4947 0.3447 0.2254 18.6489 28.145145 2.0316
Exchange Rates for Cash Notes

Cash May 16, 2013
Last updated on May 6 , 2013.

VESSEL VOY. LATEST POSITION EXPECTED POSITION
BLACK SEA PORTS SERVICES
Union Trade Zena C ESTR84 ESTR83 At Aliga At Djibouti Apr 18 Apr 26 ETA Djibouti ETC Djibouti May 24 - May 25 May 11 - May 12
DESTINATION
FAR EAST PORTS SERVICES
Birr is expressed in terms of one unit of each foreign currency applicable on May 16, 2013.
Source: National Bank of Ethiopia.
Assosa Gambella Harar
01WB Median Median
At Djibouti At Djibouti At Huanghai
May 04 Apr 28
ETA Jebel Ali ETA Jebel Ali ETA Qingdao ETA Shanghai ETA Tianjin
May 17 - May 18 May 12 - 130-05 May 09 - May 10 May 15 - May 16 May 23 - May 24 ETA Djibouti Jun 18 - Jun 19
Shebelle
27EB
At Bintulu
Apr 29
GULF and INDIAN PORTS SERVICES Admas Andinet Finfine 129WB At Mumbai 146EB
01EB At Dubai At Sea At Djibouti At Djibouti At Djibouti May 05 Jan 17 Mar 01 Apr 22 ETA Sharjah May 09 - May 10 May 03 Apr 22 ETA Shihu ETA Mumbai ETD Djibouti ETD Djibouti May 14 - May 19 May 11 - May 12 May 15 May 15 Dry Dock ETA Djibouti May 17 - May 18 Dry Dock Shanghai May 24 - May 26
Benchmark Currency Rates

CURRENCY EUR-USD GBP-USD USD-JPY AUD-USD USD-CAD USD-CHF VALUE 1.2884 1.5240 102.5300 0.9821 1.0189 0.9654 CHANGE -0.0003 +0.0006
+0.2800 -0.0077 +0.0032 +0.0006
% CHANGE (0.02%) (0.04%) (0.27%) (0.78%) (0.32%) (0.06%)
Source: www.bloomberg.com.
May 16, 2013
Gibe Mt Bahir Dar Mt Hawassa Netsanet Tekeze
21WB
Median Median
his chart displays the exchange rates of eight major world currencies. Scan across the chart to find the rate of exchange between any two of the currencies.
150WB At Dubai 65EB

At Sea
Source: Ethiopian Shipping Lines.
International Hard and Soft Commodity Prices

COMMODITY GRAINS Coffee 'C' Future (Usd/Lb.) Corn Future (Usd/Bu.) Soybean Future (Usd/Bu) Wheat Future (Cbt) (Usd/Bu) LIVESTOCK Live Cattle Future (Usd/Lb) MINERALS Gold 100Oz Future Usd/T Oz) SOFTS Sugar No. 11 (World) (Usd/Lb) INDUSTRIALS Cotton No. Two Future (Usd/Lb) Price Change % Change 5 5 141.00 649.50 1,416.00 695.75 120.00 1,375.17 16.91 85.77 +0.45 -1.25 +3.25 +2.00 +0.15 -17.86 -0.04 -0.68 +0.32% -0.19% +0.23% +0.29% +0.13% -1.28% -0.24% -0.79%
ECX

Coffee Type Washed Export Coffee Limmu Sidama Yirgachefe Unwashed Export Coffee Bale Forest Harar Jimma Keffa Nekemete Sidama Bale Washed Specialty Coffee Bench Maji Unwashed Specialty Coffee
Symbol
(Birr/Feresula)
WLM WSD WYC UBL UFR UHR UJM UKF ULK USD UBL WBMQ
892 866 1,211 869 727 1,532 819 735 827 846 869 740 1,300 735 444 904 971 3,368 3,608
Please send us your events for next week by email to theweekahead@addisfortune. com. We will print your information in this corner of our publication for free. Use the opportunity to promote your big events.
23 May - 26 May 2013
Business Calender 2013
Good Food & Wine Show-Cape Town Good Food and Wine Show
Business sectors:
Food, Beverages, Wine,
Cape Town, South Africa
These international commodity prices are indicative of future prices as speculated by market analysts. They are, therefore, subject to change. They are in US dollars, and the prices recorded are those of May 16 , 2013.
Importer
NILE WATERPROOFING PRODUCTS (BITUNIL) Country: Egypt Sector of interest: produce waterproofing membrane and interested in having local distributors in Ethiopia, especially companies involved in the import of building materials, Contact person: Eng. Ahmed Aglan, Bitunil Export manager Tel: 00201006784669 E-mail: regionxb@bitunil.com Website: www. bitunilegypt.com KLG Intrnational USA. Inc, Seeking Distributors & Retailers World Area of interest: Frozen food, cheeses, extended life milk, health & beauty, supplements, warehouse club products (Costco/Sams) and foodservice (hotel & restaurant) Tel: 916-482-2072 Fax: 916-482-2070 Eamil: Vanessa@klginternationalusa. com
ALJALAL ELECTRICAL TRADING Country: sharjah, UAE Sector of Interest: Cable Accessories, Fans, flexible Cables, Generator Glands, and Connectors, Isolators, Light Fitting, LV Switch Dears, Power Caples & Building Wires, Transformer, Contact person: Mr. Umashankar, product manager, Mr. Imran Baig, Sales Engineer Tel: +971 6 5549593 Fax: +971 6 5549592 Mobile +971 50 5397663, +971 55 8125242 E-mail: Shankar.rk@aljalal.ae, baig@ aljalal.ae Website: www.aljalal.ae Susan browns Baby Inc Seeking Distributors & Retailers Area of interest: Natural Skin Care for baby and Mom. Botanically based ingredients, developed especially of sensitive babies and moms. Exceptionally soothing, highly effective, dermatologist tested. Tel: 480-212-0049 Fax: 480-212-0039 Email: susan@susanbrownbaby.com Website: www.susanbrownsbaby.com
Viniculture
23 May - 26 May 2013
GelanaAbaya UGAQ Local Coffee Washed LW Unwashed LU White Pea Bean - RD Pea Beans Symbol Pea Beans -FT White Pea Bean - RD Pea FWPA Pea Beans -RD Wellega Sesame Whitish Wollega Sesame Seed Humera Sesame Whitish Humera/Gondar Sesame Seed Reddish Sesame Mixed Reddish Sesame FWPA RWPA WWSS WHGS
THERMAL CLIM-Regional Air-Conditioning and Cooling Technology Exhibition
Biskra, Algeria
Business sectors: Heating, Sanitation, Refrigeration, Air-Conditioning
21 May - 23 May 2013
AIOGACE-Angola International Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition

Business sectors: Petrochemistry
Luanda, Angola
MRSS
2,610
Last updated on Mar 17, 2013.
Most of the important things in the world have been accomplished by people who have kept on trying when there seemed to be no hope at all.
Dale Carnegie
P ag e 62
CLASSIFIED ADVERTS
Fortune Classified
t is a condition of the acceptance of advertisement orders that the proprietors of Fortune do not guarantee the insertion of any particular advertisement on a specific date or at all, although every effort will be made to meet the wishes of advertisers. Furthermore, we do not accept liablity for any loss or damage caused by an error, inaccuracy in the printing, non-appearance of any advertisment, editing or deletion of any objectionable wording, or the rejection of any advertisment. Although every advertisement is carefully checked, occasionally mistakes do occur. We, therefore, ask advertisers to assist us by checking their advertisement carefully and advising us immediately so that an error will not occur. We regret that we cannot take responsibility for more than ONE INCORRECT insertion and that no republication will be granted in the case of typographical or minor changes that do not affect the value of the advertisement. Fortune will not assume any liability for the content of advertisements. The advertiser is responsible for any material he or she publishes in our paper. Fortune Management.
BAMBIS NEWS
Fresh Cheese :
Just arrived !!!
Fresh Delicasies from France Brie President nCamembert nRondele Preside w/ Garlic & Herbs n Emmental Bloc & Tranche 250g. n Caprice des Dieux Bleu 125g.
n Goat Cheese Soignon 120g . - Gatinais 180g. n Emmental Grated 100g. Hams & others: nCooked ham n Pate Terrine Duck Le Mousson Specialties : Sausages : B a c o n : Cheddar: n Leerdamer n Philadelphia Nature 150gr. n Gruyere Le Comte n Roquefort Societe n Danish Blue n Salted & Unsalted butter President Farmer'S Choice from Kenya n Meaty Beef 400gms. n Beef Boerewors n Pork Chipolates 200gms. n Pork Boerewors 500gms.
n Beef Viennas 250 & 500gms.n Poultry Viennas 250 & 500gms. n Frankfurters 250 & 500gms. nLiver pate(leberwurst)125gms n Streaky Bacon 200 & 400 gms. n Back Bacon 200 & 400 gms. n Doinyo Lessos quality & taste !!!!
BAMBIS : The Real Shopping Experience!!!

Information: 011 - 5521104/05 or 5505584
CLASSIFIED ADVERTS
P ag e 63
Nexus Investment Solution PLC

Nexus is a consulting company that provides the following services:
Investment Advisory Services Feasibility Study Business Plan Market Study Project Management Services Company Formation Environmental Impact Assessment
Contact Address: Ethio-China Friendship Avenue

Wengelawit Building 6th Floor, Room No. 1 Tel: +251-911-611370, +251-114-406622 Email: info@nexus-invest.com www.nexus-invest.com
Training - TREG Consult PLC

Gender and Development Leadership Confidence Building Communication Skills Assertiveness skills Certificate of participation will be provided Please register with the following address: Mob: Tel 0911 24 37 39, Office: 0114 66 06 98, Email: Yelfign@ gmail.com TREG Consult PLC : is working mainly in the areas of Training, Education and Gender and has so far provided various training for national and international Organizations by well qualified professionals. Established in April 2003 Certified by Ethiopian Management Institute and MoFED License from Ministry of Trade and Industry.
P ag e 64

Prtintversion Vol 13 No 681 PDF

Загружено:

Сведения о документе

Оригинальное название

Авторское право

Доступные форматы

Поделиться этим документом

Поделиться или встроить документ

Параметры публикации

Этот документ был вам полезен?

Это неприемлемый материал?

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

Prtintversion Vol 13 No 681 PDF

Загружено:

Авторское право:

Доступные форматы

Volume 14 No.

681, SUNDAY, May 19, 2013

The wave continues

Photo Credit: Fortune

Established in May 2000.

Volume 14, Number 681 Sunday, May 19, 2013

The wave continues

Photo by: Fortune

Fo rt u n e Vo l . 14 No. 681 M ay 19, 2013

Coffee (Arabica) $/kg

Begziyabher Alebel, architect and majority share of Ultimate Plan Plc

Construction of Ethio-Kenyan Electric Highway to Commence

Fo rt u n e Vo l . 14 No. 681 M ay 19, 2013

Photo by: Samuel Habtab

Fo rt u n e Vo l . 14 No. 681 M ay 19, 2013

Ethiopian Post to Gain Access to DHL Routes

Read Less: Know More

Projects Implemented Surpass Last Year

Sub Saharan Africas Investment Rate to Rise

ECX Exclusive Cooperative Auction Falls Short of Expectations

Photo by: Kalkidan Mihretu

Photo: Fortune File

Fo rt u n e Vo l . 14 No. 681 M ay 19, 2013

YES Water Sells 50pc Stake to Mauritian Investment Firm

Fo rt u n e Vo l . 14 No. 681 M ay 19, 2013

Fo rt u n e Vo l . 14 No. 681 M ay 19, 2013

Housing Scheme Registration to Begin

EthSwitch Opens Financial Proposals of Two Firms

Photo: Fortune File

Fo rt u n e Vo l . 14 No. 681 M ay 19, 2013

Big Business In Books

Photo: Fortune File

Photo by: Kalkidan Mihretu

Fo rt u n e Vo l . 14 No. 681 M ay 19, 2013

An Exhibition of books Let Addis Read held in Arat Kilo.

Photo: Fortune File

Tej Thrives Locally

Fo rt u n e Vo l . 14 No. 681 M ay 19, 2013

Photo by: Samuel Habtab

Fo rt u n e Vo l . 14 No. 681 M ay 19, 2013

China Higher Dental Clinic

Bole Ruwanda, Bole sub city Wereda 2, next to Ruwanda

/ 2 Mobile:- +251 912 17 24 63 +251 928 41 12 06 +251 118624836 e-mail:liuqing8266@yahoo.com

Fo rt u n e Vo l . 14 No. 681 M ay 19, 2013

Change Looms for Ethiopia's Ancient Salt Trade

Fo rt u n e Vo l . 14 No. 681 M ay 19, 2013

6. TOYOTA LAND CRUISER HARDTOP

Tej Thrives Locally . . .

Fo rt u n e Vo l . 14 No. 681 M ay 19, 2013

(Cont'd from PAGE 12)

Invitation for Website Designing and Developing

Photo by: Samuel Habtab

Fo rt u n e Vo l . 14 No. 681 M ay 19, 2013

Fo rt u n e Vo l . 14 No. 681 M ay 19, 2013

Photo by: Samuel Habtab

Photo by: Samuel Habtab

Fo rt u n e Vo l . 14 No. 681 M ay 19, 2013

Fo rt u n e Vo l . 14 No. 681 M ay 19, 2013

Fo rt u n e Vo l . 14 No. 681 M ay 19, 2013

Fo rt u n e Vo l . 14 No. 681 M ay 19, 2013

Fo rt u n e Vo l . 14 No. 681 M ay 19, 2013

Fo rt u n e Vo l . 14 No. 681 M ay 19, 2013

Fo rt u n e Vo l . 14 No. 681 M ay 19, 2013

By Yohannes Abebe