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Sum-of-Digits Tests
Use the divisibility tests to decide which of the numbers 2, 3, 5, 9, and 10 are factors of the following
numbers:
c. 120 , , ,
d. 102 ,
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1. ( )×( )= 2. 1959 – =d
sum difference
1959 Hawaii
1787 Delaware
3. 16 ∙ w = 4. fraction left
Multiply the loop.
Divide by the outside number.
pounds 240
____ 000
____
bowling balls 000 000
7. 8. 987,654,321
$2. 3 4
11. Divisible by 9 means the sum of the digits can be 12. Estimate the sum.
divided by 9.
396
A 365 B 1179 C 1556 197
203
1 , , , , , 12
_______
15. 24 ) 48,840 16.
678
$10.00
+ $10.00
w=
1 , 0, –2, __
1, __ 1
2 4
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m= , , , ,
12
16
+ 23
1 , , , , , 28
25. (12 × 12) – (11 × 13) = 26. Show clock divided into thirds.
– =
and
27. __ 3
2 < __ 28. a. 1 dollar = bits
3 4
b. Multiply the loop.
< bits
_______ ___ ?
__
dollars 1 _1
2
a.
29. • Here are the factors of 20. 30. Draw a . In the circle draw
• Cross off the factors that are NOT factors of 30.
ap sign.
1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20
Then draw a t sign
in the circle.
• The textbook shows how to solve fraction of a group problems with Teacher Notes:
a diagram: What number is _34 of 16? • Introduce Hint #35, “Fraction of a
Group, Part 2.”
1. Draw a rectangle and divide it into the number of equal parts
• Refer students to “Finding a Part
shown by the denominator of the fraction. (four parts) When the Whole is Known” on
page 14 in the Student Reference
2. Divide the “of” number by the denominator and write that Guide.
number in each part of the rectangle. (16 ÷ 4 = 4)
3. Count the number of parts of the rectangle shown by the
numerator of the fraction and find the answer. (4 × 3 = 12)
{ { {
_
3
of 16 _
3
of 16 is 12
4 4
3 of 12 =
a. __ 2 of $4.50 =
b. __ 4 of 60 =
c. __
4 3 5
is
__ 3
__ ?
___ is
__ 2
__ ______ is
__ 4
__ ___
of 4 12 of 3 $4.50 of 5
3. 26 mi plus 385 yd 2 of 12
4. __
3
Multiply the loop.
Multiply the loop.
Divide by the outside number.
mi
___ 1
___ 26
___
yd is
__ 2
__ ___
?
of 3
3 of 16
5. __ 3 of $3.50
6. ___
4 10
` `
is
__ 3
__ ___ is
__ 3
___ ___
` `
of 4 of 10
` `
` `
` `
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7. 600 ft 8. w – 15 = 8 w = 345
9. ___ 10. $34.09
0 = 15 $34.09
=
–100 ft + $34.09
w= w=
_________
11. ) $1 2. 4 5 12. ______ R
35 ) 1000
7 + 9 + 14 =
13. ___________ 14. 36 9×4
3
$1.24 $1.25
a. estimate
times .
Use work area.
, , , , ,
, , , , , , , , ,
4=
19. __ % 20. Use fraction manipulatives.
5
is
__ ___ ?
______ 1
__ 1
__
of 100% 3 2
A 19 B 29 C 39 – =
CM
CM
1
__ 1
__
6 5
2
27. __ 3
__ 1 of
28. __
4 5 4
is
__ ___ ___
of
1 dollar =
b. __ bits c– =
4
p+ =
a.
t+ =
23 Ratio
Rate (page 122)
Name
• Leave ratios in “top-heavy” fraction form. (Never convert a ratio to a mixed number.) _74
• A rate is a ratio of measures.
___
cars
d. How long will it take a trucker to drive 400 miles e. If a four-quart container of milk costs $2.48, what
at 50 miles per hour? is the cost per quart?
miles
______ ___ ___ quarts ___ ___
hours ? $ ?
2 of 30
1. Multiply the loop. 2. __
3
cm 1
___ 30
___ is
__ ___ ___
mm of
3 of 25
5. __ 7 of $36.00
6. ___
5 10
is
__ is
__ is
__ __ s __
is i__ is
of of of
of of of
3
__ 9 =
__
8 8
4
+ __
8
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2=
__ %
8
$3.75
that answer by 2.
$10.20 3
__ 1
4
× $13.46
m=
by .
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Fahrenheit or Celsius?
scale.
Use work area.
21. GCF of 24 and 32 22. sum of the first seven positive odd numbers
• Here are the factors of 24.
• Starting with the greatest factor cross off factors
that are NOT factors of 32.
• Circle the GCF.
1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24
B
a.
b.
1
25. ___ = __ 26. 16 on team
8 2
freestyle _______
not freestyle
27. See the Student Reference Guide. 28. Which represents a line?
A
C
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1
8 1
8
1
1 1 8
8 8
3 + 2 = 5 Ľ â
8 8 8
3 + __
a. __ 4 =
8 8
3 + __
b. __ 1 =
4 4
c. __ 1 + __
1 + __ 1 =
8 8 8
4 – __
d. __ 1 =
8 8
3 – __
e. __ 2 =
4 4
1 =
1 – __
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f. __
4 4
3 of 1 dozen
1. Multiply the loop. 2. __
4
$
__ ___ ___
$5.00 car
is
__ ___ ___
hr 1 5 $5.00 yard
of
$ 5.00 altogether
Equal g pattern; then
a pattern.
1 of 1760
3. __ 4. Use fraction manipulatives.
8
1 + __
__ 2 =
is
__ ___ ___
4 4
of
I divided by .
5. __ 4 =
7 – __ 1 + __
6. __ 1 =
8 8 2 2
7. __ 1 =
1 – __ 1 + __
8. __ 1 =
2 2 2 4 %
d by .
MI A 21 B 31 C 41
15. 1
16. __ 1
__
2 4
$350
í&
í&
í&
, , ,
w=
481
× 376
x= w=
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%ATON #HESTER -ADISON 7ILSON
Use work area.
35 =
g. ___ 49 =
h. ___ 65 =
i. ___
6 10 12
d the sum by .
, ,
5. 4 ∙ p = 6.
1 of 12
7. __ 1 of 12
__ 8. Use fraction manipulatives for help.
2 3
1=
Half of __
2
Now, half of that =
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9. Show the answer as a mixed number. 10. Use fraction manipulatives for help.
________
) 1 0 0%
a.
b.
365
13. __ 2 =
2 + __
2 + __ 14. __ 5=
6 – __
3 3 3 6 6
17.
win 000
____ 18. 10 ∙ =t
loss 000
pens 1
__ x
__
cost x ?
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, , , , , , ,
5+m=1
21. __ 144 = 12
22. ____
8 n
5
1 __
8
5
× 1__
8
m= n=
23. estimate 2 of
24. __
3
3142
6328
is
__ xx
___ xx
___
4743 xx xx
of
measure
15 =
___
4
3
__ 4
__
4 5 © 2007 Harcourt Achieve Inc.
29. Multiples: Think times table. 30. Circle the number that is divisible by 9 and 10.
Use tests for divisibility by 9 and 10.
A 910 B 8910 C 78,910
The sum of the digits is , which is
divisible by .
25, , , Use work area.
26 Using Manipulatives to
Reduce Fractions
Name
• We reduce when we use the fewest number of fraction pieces to • Review “Fraction Families
Equivalent Fractions” on page 12 in
show the amount. the Student Reference Guide.
• When adding mixed numbers:
1. Add the whole numbers.
2. Add the fractions.
3. Reduce or convert the fraction if needed. We convert when we change an improper
(top-heavy) fraction to a mixed number or a whole number.
• Simplify is another way to say convert or reduce.
2 = ___
a. __
8
6 = ___
b. __
8
c. 1%
12__ d. 2%
16__ e. 3
3__
2 3 4
+ 121 %
__ + 662 %
__ + 23
__
2 3 4
= = =
1 + 2__
f. 1__ 7 =
8 8
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2 =
g. 3 + 2__
3
3+4=
h. __
4
plus equals .
1 dozen
3. 2__ Is this enough? mc
4. ___ 1
___ 1000
_____
2 cm ?
1 dozen =
1 dozen =
1 dozen =
__
2
5. perimeter 6. __ 1
1 + __ 1 of __
__ 1
2 2 2 2
IN
1 , , , 15
13. Simplify. 2 + n = 1
14. __
3
2
__ 2
1__
5 5
2
__
4
__ + 3
+ 5
=
n=
16. 3
1 __
15. GCF of 12 and 18
4
• List (in order) the factors of the smaller number, 12. 3
– 1 __
• Starting with the greatest factor, cross off factors that are 4
NOT factors of the larger number, 18.
• The greatest factor is the GCF.
, , , , ,
17.
3
3__ 18. 2_1_
4 2
+ 33 1
__
– 22
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19. Use tests for divisibility by 2 and 3. 20. prime numbers between 30 and 40
See the Student Reference Guide.
A 4671 B 3858 C 6494
and
$ounds xx ? 3 of $30
23. _______ ___ ___ 24. __
pounds xx xx 5
is
__ xxx
____ xxx
____
of xxx xxx
a. in millimeters a.
b. in inches
b. , , , ,
• The circumference is the distance around the circle (perimeter). Teacher Notes:
• Refer students to “Circle” on
• The diameter is the distance across a circle through the center. page 17 in the Student Reference
Guide.
• The radius is the distance from the center to the circle.
• Post reference chart, “Circles.”
• The diameter is twice the radius.
• The activity in the Student Edition is
D = 2r optional.
f
C
Diameter Radius
• A compass is a tool for drawing a
e
circle.
r
e
e
• Concentric circles are circles with c n
1. ( )×( )= 3 of
2. __
4
sum difference
is
__ xx
___ xx
___
of xx xx
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a.
8. denominator
7. 10p =
See the Student Reference Guide.
lb
___ 010 ____
____ 010
23
___
$ 010 010
24
3 of 65
9. __ 2 of $15
10. __
5 3
is
__ xx
___ xx
___ is
__ xx
___ xx
___
of xx xx of xx xx
13. __ 5 =
6 – __ 5 =
2 + __
14. __
6 6 8 8
0 4 =
15. a. 1 = __ 16. __
8 6
0
1 = __
b. __
2 8
a.
b.
1 of __
17. __ 1
18. 50% =
2 4
23. (55 + 45) ÷ (55 – 45) = 24. Use tests for divisibility by 2 and 5.
25. Add the d of the number. 26. prime but NOT odd
by 9.
even 00
___
odd 00
29. 1%
37__ 30. Convert.
2
1% 1%
33 __
– 12__
2 3
+ 16 2 %
__
3
=
PERPENDICULAR OBLIQUE
LINES LINES
PARALLEL
LINES INTERSECTING LINES
The square corner fits a “cute” little angle more than a right angle
the corner of your paper.
a. With your thumb and forefinger, show an acute angle, a right angle, and try to make an obtuse angle.
Describe each angle below as acute, right, or obtuse.
b. c. d.
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e. What type of angle is formed by the hands of a clock at 4:00 o’clock? angle
f. What type of angle is formed at the corner of a door in your classroom? angle
g. Which two angles formed by these obtuse lines appear to be acute angles?
∠ and ∠ .
1. Convert. 2 of 20 million
2. __
5
1 + __
__ 3 =
2 + __
3 3 3
5. Convert. 2
1__ 7. 2
3 __
6. Convert. 3 3
2
__
23 =
___ 2
__ + 43
3 + 13
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5 2 of $24
8. 3__ 9. Reduce. 10. __
6 3
1 4
__ 4=
__ is
__ ___ ___
– 6 8 of
1 of 100% =
11. a. ___ 12. What fraction?
10
3 of 100% =
b. ___ 25% =
10
a.
b.
mi
13. ___ ___ ?
___ 1+m=1
14. __
gal 1 4
1
1__
4
1
× 1__
4
m=
a. ∠
0 3 2
w= b. ∠
, , , ,
, , ,
21. (100 × 100) – (100 × 99) = 1 =
22. ___ %
10
– =
is
__ ___ ___
5097
of
a. b.
red _____
27. Use fraction manipulatives for help. 28.
white
1 of __
__ 1
2 3
∙ ∙
29 Multiplying Fractions
Reducing Fractions by Dividing
Name
4 ÷ 2 = __
______ 2
6÷2 3
a. __ 4 =
1 of __ 1 of __
b. __ 2 = 3 =
2 × __
c. __
2 5 4 3 3 4
Multiply; then convert:
d. __ 6=
5 × __ e. Write the whole number 4 =
f. 2 × __
6 5 3
as a fraction.
2 =
5 × __ 4 =
___ × __
3 3
2 =
___ × __
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3
Reduce:
9 =
g. ___ 6 =
h. ___ 18 =
i. ___
12 10 24
j. In a class of 30, there were 20 girls. What was the ratio of boys to girls?
Reduce.
boys boys
_____ _____ =
girls girls
1. tons 1
___ 8
__ 2. beans 16
___ ?
___
pounds ? ounces 1
3. ( )–( )= 4. Reduce.
win ___ =
loss
16 =
5. ___ 6. Reduce.
24
3 =
1 + __
__
8 8
7. Reduce. 8. Reduce.
__ 2 =
1 × __ 3 =
7 – ___
___
2 3 12 12
1 of 96
9. __ 10. 1, 4, 7, 10, , , ,…
8
is
__ ___ ___
of
$3.60
50,000 18 =
_______ = ___
50,100 4
15. 15°
= 16. m + 496 + 2684 = 3217
0° =
–8°
m=
1000
× 8857
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n= x=
4963 to and r 39 to
. Then divide by .
21. __ 3
2 × __ 22. perimeter
3 2 one width
MM
both widths
1 so both lengths
one length
1 × 1 – __
1 =
23. Think! 24. __
2( 2
__
)
4
12 – 40 = 00
___ 1 =
__
–
00 4
b. obtuse angles 3
2 of __
__
3 5
$ !
a. ∠ and ∠
# "
b. ∠ and ∠
3
__ 4
__ radius ___ =
4 3 diameter
29. 2=
30. __ %
5
1 of a circle is
__ 2 is
%, so __ .
5 5
6 and 8 3 and 5
d. 6 2
e. __ 8
f. __ 1
g. __
3 5 3
Use the rule of reciprocals to find the number that goes in the box:
3 ×
h. __ = 1 i. 4 × = 1 j. 1 = 1
× __ k. 7 = 1
× __
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8 6 8
m. How many __
5
12
s are in 1?
2 hours = _
1 -hours
4
Multiply the loop.
Divide by the outside number.
popcorn 42
___ ?
___
_
1 -hours
4 12 , , ,
7. Convert. 1 =
8. 1 – ___
10
__ 2 + __
2 + __ 2 =
5 5 5 © 2007 Harcourt Achieve Inc.
___ 1 =
11 – ___ 3 × __
__ 4 =
12 12 4 3
11. ___ 3 =
5 × __ 12. Convert.
4
5 × __
__ 5 =
2 3
"
#
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500,000 ______
19. ________ = 20. 35 ) 8540
500,100
1 0 0%
3 ×
27. __ = 1 28. The only even prime number is .
8 The reciprocal of that is:
45 =
___
10
IN
3 × __ =
__
4