Name: Hannah Christy U.

Benologa & Milcent Roy Cuizon Pascal

Section: IV

1.7 Enthalpy of Formation

I. Introduction: Standard enthalpy of formation is a measure of the energy released or consumed when one mole of a substance is created under standard conditions from its pure elements. Standard Conditions are as follows: 1. For a gas: standard state is a pressure of exactly 1 bar 2. For a substance present in a solution: a concentration of exactly 1 M at a pressure of 1 bar 3. For a pure substance in a condensed state (a liquid or a solid): the pure liquid or solid under a pressure of 1 bar 4. For an element: the form in which the element is most stable under 1 bar of pressure and the specified temperature. (Usually 25 degrees Celsius or 298.15 K) One exception is phosphorous: most stable under 1 bar is black phosphorous, but white phosphorus is used as the reference for zero enthalpy of formation. The symbol of the standard enthalpy of formation is Hf

= A change in enthalpy o = A degree signifies that it's a standard enthalpy change. f = it is a reaction from a substance that's formed from its elements

For most chemistry problems, you will need the equation for the standard enthalpy change of formation: Ho reaction=Hof (products) Hof (Reactants) It basically states that the standard enthalpy change of formation is equal to the sum of the standard enthalpies of formation of the products subtracted by the sum of the standard enthalpies of formation of the reactants.

II. Objectives: Define HfO or fHO and write formation reactions for compounds Being able to define Hesss Law in your own words

III. Activity: Use a standard enthalpies of formation table to determine the change in enthalpy for each of these reactions.

Compound

Compound

(kJ/mol)

(kJ/mol)

CH4(g) CO2(g) NaCl(s) H2O(l) H2S(g) H2SO4(l) MgSO4(s) MnO(s) MnO2(s) NaCl(s) NaF(s) NaOH(s) NH3(g)

-74.8 -393.5 -411.0 -285.8 -20.1 -811.3 -1278.2 -384.9 -519.7 -411.0 -569.0 -426.7 -46.2

HCl(g) H2O(g) SO2(g) NH4Cl(s) NO(g) NO2(g) SnCl4(l) SnO(s) SnO2(s) SO2(g) SO3(g) ZnO(s) ZnS(s)

-92.3 -241.8 -296.1 -315.4 +90.4 +33.9 -545.2 -286.2 -580.7 -296.1 -395.2 -348.0 -202.9

a) NaOH(s) + HCl(g) ----> NaCl(s) + H2O(g) b) 2 CO(g) + O2(g) ---> 2 CO2(g) c) CH4(g) + 2 O2(g) ---> CO2(g) + 2 H2O(l) d) 2 H2S(g) + 3 O2(g) ---> 2 H2O(l) + 2 SO2(g) e) 2 NO(g) + O2(g) ---> 2 NO2(g)

IV. Evaluation:

Not yet done Find activities that deal with enumeration and try to rephrase the intro, most likely I just copy pasted itmilcent. Daniel is needed? Aside from the obvious evaluation. Is something to be changed?..is hesss law included ?(not sure.its in my objectives.) Try checking out this link http://en.inforapid.org/index.php?search=Standard%20enthalpy%20of%20formation

Heelllppp!!!! HELP!!!