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Artifact 1 Preparedness, Discussion Board Question, Week 2, Emergency Planning, SMGT 420

PART II Choose and fully answer and discuss one of the end of chapter Self-Check Questions listed at the end of each Introduction to Emergency Management chapter. Chapter 4, Question 9 What are the four types of disaster exercises? What does each involve? According to Coppola, FEMA defines an exercise as a controlled, scenario-driven, simulated experience designed to demonstrate and evaluate an organizations capability to execute one or more assigned or implicit operational tasks or procedures as outlined in its contingency plan. These are the common categories of emergency management exercises (as cited in Haddow, Bullock and Coppola, 2011, p.112): - Drill. A controlled, supervised method by which a single disaster management operation or function is practiced or tested. - Tabletop exercise. Designed to allow officials to practice components of or the full activation of the emergency response plan within the confines of a controlled, low stress discussion scenario. - Functional exercise. Tests and practices response capabilities by simulating an event to which responsible officials must respond. Unlike a drill, which tests one function or activity, the functional exercise tests a full range of associated activities that together fulfill a greater overall response purpose. - Full-scale exercise. A scenario-based event that seeks to create and atmosphere closely mimicking an actual disaster. All players required to act during a real event, as outlined in the emergency operations plan (EOP), are involved in the full-scale exercise, working in real time and using all of the required equipment and procedures. From a military point of view, I find table top exercises very effective and conduct them frequently. There are no expenditures, disruptions, or possibility of injury or accidents. Our tabletop exercises ensure each participant in the response understands the capabilities and responsibilities of the other responders piece of the pre-planned response (contingency plan) to different types of incidents. Following the domestic terrorist attacks in 1993, 1995, and 2001 and the establishment of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) in 2002, FEMA established the Homeland Security Exercise and Evaluation Program (HSEEP). The purpose of (HSEEP) is to provide common exercise policy and program guidance that constitutes a national standard for exercises. HSEEP includes consistent terminology that can be used by all exercise planners, regardless of the nature and composition of their sponsoring agency or organization. The five volumes also

provide tools to help exercise managers plan, conduct, and evaluate exercises to improve overall preparedness (Homeland Security Exercise and Evaluation Program, 2007). The volumes are organized as follows: HSEEP Volume I: HSEEP Overview and Exercise Program Management provides guidance for building and maintaining an effective exercise program and summarizes the planning and evaluation process described in further detail in Volumes II through V. HSEEP Volume II: Exercise Planning and Conduct helps planners outline a standardized foundation, design, development, and conduct process adaptable to any type of exercise. HSEEP Volume III: Exercise Evaluation and Improvement Planning offers proven methodology for evaluating and documenting exercises and implementing an Improvement Plan (IP). HSEEP Volume IV: Sample Exercise Documents and Formats provides sample exercise materials referenced in HSEEP Volumes I, II, III, and V. Readers with Internet connectivity may click on exercise materials referenced in this volume to link to HSEEP Volume IV. HSEEP Volume V: Prevention Exercises (Draft) contains guidance consistent with the HSEEP model to assist entities in designing and evaluating exercises that validate pre-incident capabilities such as intelligence analysis and information sharing (Homeland Security Exercise and Evaluation Program, 2007).

References: Haddow, G.D., Bullock, J.A., and Coppola, D.P. (2011). Introduction to Emergency Management (4th ed.). Burlington, MA: Butterworth-Heinemann. Homeland Security Exercise and Evaluation Program. (2007, February). Retrieved November 16, 2011, from FFederal Emerency Management Agency: https://hseep.dhs.gov/support/VolumeI.pdf

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