CHAPTER 8

GENERATION OF ELECTRICITY Name: .. Class: ............

1. Diagram 1 shows a simple transformer which is made of two coils of wire wrapped around an iron core. S

Q: P: Diagr am 1

(a) What type of transformer is this? .. [1 mark] (b) What is the use of this transformer? .......... [1 mark] (c) Label coil P and coil Q on Diagram 1. [2 marks] (d) Compare the brightness of bulb R and bulb S. [1 mark] (e) What will happen to the brightness of bulb R and bulb S if coil P and coil R are reversed? .......... [1 mark]

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2. Diagram 2 shows the structure of a 3-pin plug Q: .. P: .. Diagram 2 S R: ..

(a) On Diagram 2, label structure P, Q and R using the following words. Live wire Earth wire Neutral wire [3 marks] (b) Draw line to show the correct match between the wires and their functions Wire Function Carry electric current back to the Carry leaked mains current to the Earth Carry electric current to the electrical appliance

Q R

[3 marks]

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(c) Draw line to show the correct match between the wires and their colours. Wire P Colour Blue Brown Yellow with green stripes

Q R

[3 marks] (d) (i) Name the component labelled S. [1 mark] (ii) State the function of the component labelled S .. [1 mark] 3. Diagram 3 shows two commercial methods of generating electricity commonly used in Malaysia. P Q

Diagram 3

(a) Name the type of electric generator shown in Diagram 3. P :....... Q: ... [2 marks]

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(b) State the energy change that takes place in Q. .. [1 mark] (c) State one disadvantage of using P to generate electricity. [1 mark] (d) State one advantage of using Q to generate electricity. [1 mark] (e) Apart from P and Q, name another type of electrical generator used in Malaysia. [1 mark] 4. Diagram 4.1 shows the electrical wiring system in the house. Q: .. P: Diagra m 4.1

R:

(a) On Diagram 4.1, label P, Q and R with the following words. Fuse box Main fuse Electric meter [3 marks] (b) What is the function of (i) P? (ii) Q? .. [2 marks]

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(c) Why are the lights in the lighting circuit connected in parallel? [1 mark] (d) Diagram 4.2 shows the readings of an electric meter for a household. Previous Reading 0 2 4 6 5 5
k W h

Current Reading 0 2 4 9 3 8
k W h

DIAGR AM 4.2

(i) Calculate the number of electrical energy units used by the household.

[2 marks] (ii) Table 4.3 shows the rate of electrical energy charged by the electrical power supplier. Charge First Consecutive Unit 200 500 Table 4.3 Calculate the cost of electrical energy used by the household in (d)(i). Rate RM 0.32 RM 0.38

[2 marks]

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5. Diagram 5 shows the electrical energy transmission and distribution system. P: .. M N R: Q: ..

Diagr am 5

(a) Label P, Q and R on Diagram 5 using the following words. Switch zone Power station Main substation [3 marks] (b) What is the function of Q? [1 mark] (c) What is the difference between M and N? [1 mark] (d) State one advantage of the National Grid Network. [1 mark]

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6.

Diagram 6 shows the set-up apparatus to study the short circuit and its effect on a fuse.

Given that the two bulbs are identical and the resistance of each bulb is 2 . (a) When the switch is on, (i) state the observation on the bulbs, [1 mark] (ii) calculate the reading of the ammeter.

[2 marks] (b) A piece of thick copper wire is connected across two points, X and Y. State the observation on, (i) the bulbs (ii) the fuse :.. : .

(iii) the ammeter : . [3 marks]

(c) Explain your answer in 6(b). . . [1 mark]

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7.

Figure 7.1 shows the distribution system of electrical supply. P,Q,R and S are transformers

P o w er st at io n

11 P kV

Q P Lig ht ind ust ry

132 R kV P Cit y

He av y ind ust ry

Divi 66 kV sion al Sub stati Ho on use s

11 kV

11 kV

FIGURE 7.1 a) Based on Figure 7.1, state two step-down transformers and . [1 mark] b) Draw the number of turns for primary coil and the number of turns for secondary coil respectively to show a step-up transformer on Figure 7.2 . Input voltage Output voltage

FIGURE 7.2

c)

In the electricity transmission and distribution system a step-up transformer is placed in the field zone. Give your reason. . .. [1 mark]

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d)

A group of student carried out an experiment in which the number of turns in primary coil was kept constant while the number of turns in secondary coil was increased . The respective coil and output voltage are shown in table 7.3

Number of turns in secondary coil 8 10 12 14 Table 7.3 i)

Output voltage 40 50 60 80

Estimate the output voltage if the number of turns in secondary coil are 13 .. [1 mark]

ii)

State the relationship between the number of turns in secondary coil and the output voltage ... ... [1 mark]

e)

Parts of electrical wiring system at home consists of circuit breaker, main switch, electrical meter and main fuse. Arrange the component of wiring system at home in correct sequence in Figure 7.4 m Ci

Figure 7.4 [2 marks] f) Ali watched television from 8 p.m to 10.00 p.m. After that he used computer for one hour. If television and computer have 100W power respectively, calculate the total cost for both appliances. (Cost for one unit is RM0.20)

[2 marks]

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