DT126/3

Third Year Civil Technician Diploma- Reinforced Concrete Design

RC Beam Design Procedure Section Design for Moment

Initial Design: Choose the initial section dimensions. Factors to be considered are the basic span/depth ratio, the minimum requirements for durability and fire resistance. Remember to take account of cover and the size of the shear links in determining the overall depth, h, and the effective depth, d. A rough guide for the width of the section is about half the depth. Analysis: Analyse the structure using standard structural analysis techniques. Choose the location of the section to be designed and read the moment, M, that the section must resist from the bending moment diagram. Design Procedure: 1. Calculate K = M / fcubd2 2. Check K: K design as singly reinforced section (K = 0.156) > K design as doubly reinforced section Singly Reinforced Section Design: 1. Calculate z = d [ 0.5 + (0.25 K / 0.9)]. If K 0.043 then z = 0.95d 2. Calculate As = M / 0.95fyz Doubly Reinforced Section Design: 1. Calculate z = d [ 0.5 + (0.25 K / 0.9)] 2. Calculate x = (d z) / 0.45 3. Check d / x: 0.43 > 0.43 continue on to stage 4 compression reinforcement elastic

4. Calculate As = (K K)fcubd2 / 0.95fy(d d) 5. Calculate As = Kfcubd2 / 0.95fyz + As Choosing Reinforcement: Select the number & diameter of bars to provide an area not less than, and as close as practicable to, the calculated values of As and As. Specific Detailing Requirements: Check these requirements are met: 1. Min & max areas of rebar. 2. Number of bars in a bundle 4. 3. Spacing between bars.
Lecturer: Colin Caprani

DT126/3

Third Year Civil Technician Diploma- Reinforced Concrete Design

Bar Area Tables:

Cross Sectional areas of groups of bars (mm ) Bar Size (mm) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Circumference Number of bars 6 28 57 85 113 141 170 198 226 254 283 18.8 8 50 101 151 201 251 302 352 402 452 503 25.1 10 79 157 236 314 393 471 550 628 707 785 31.4 12 113 226 339 452 565 679 792 905 1018 1131 37.7
2 2

16 201 402 603 804 1005 1206 1407 1608 1810 2011 50.3

20 314 628 942 1257 1571 1885 2199 2513 2827 3142 62.8

25 491 982 1473 1963 2454 2945 3436 3927 4418 4909 78.5

32 804 1608 2413 3217 4021 4825 5630 6434 7238 8042 100.5

40 1257 2513 3770 5027 6283 7540 8796 10053 11310 12566 125.7

Cross Sectional areas of bars per metre width (mm ) Bar Size (mm) 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300 6 377 283 226 188 162 141 126 113 103 94 8 670 503 402 335 287 251 223 201 183 168 10 1047 785 628 524 449 393 349 314 286 262 12 1508 1131 905 754 646 565 503 452 411 377 16 2681 2011 1608 1340 1149 1005 894 804 731 670 20 4189 3142 2513 2094 1795 1571 1396 1257 1142 1047 25 6545 4909 3927 3272 2805 2454 2182 1963 1785 1636 32 10723 8042 6434 5362 4596 4021 3574 3217 2925 2681 40 16755 12566 10053 8378 7181 6283 5585 5027 4570 4189

Percentages of Reinforcement for Rectangular Beams and fy = 460 N/mm2: Action Tension Compression Percentage 100 As / bd 100 As / bd Minimum 0.13 0.2 Maximum 4 4

Spacing Requirements (to control cracking): 1. Minimum requirements, between bundles of bars (hagg = max. aggregate size): Vertically: 2 hagg / 3 mm Horizontally: hagg + 5 mm 2. Maximum requirements: Horizontally (fy = 460 N/mm2): Diagonally (from corner of beam): Vertically (d 750 mm only): s1 160 mm s2 s1 / 2 mm s3 250 mm (sides of beam only)
Lecturer: Colin Caprani

Pitch of bars

DT126/3

Third Year Civil Technician Diploma- Reinforced Concrete Design

RC Beam Design Procedure Section Design for Shear

Initial Design: Mostly determined by deflection/ durability considerations, however, make sure that the maximum shear stress (vmax = V/bvd) at the support does not exceed 0.8fcu or 5 N/mm2. If these values are exceeded alter the section so as to meet these comfortably. Analysis: Establish the shear force diagram using usual techniques. Design Procedure: 1. At the given section calculate the shear stress, v: v = V / b vd Check v 0.8fcu or 5 N/mm
2

2. Calculate the design concrete shear stress, vc, from: vc = 0.79(fcu /25)1/3 (100As /bvd)1/3(400/d)1/4/m Where: 100As /bvd 3 400/d 1 fcu /25 1 and fcu 40 N/mm2 3. Enhance the design concrete shear capacity for sections 2d to the support: enhanced vc = 2vcd/av 4. Calculate the required area of vertical shear links Asv, from: Asv = bvsv(v vc)/0.95fy Or calculate the maximum spacing for a given bar size (or Asv) from: sv = 0.95fy Asv / bv(v vc) Choosing Reinforcement: T or R bars may be used. Usual bar sizes are 8, 10, 12. Link spacing, sv, should be a multiple of 25 mm. Use the same bar size in a beam, just alter the spacing to accommodate differing strength requirements. Links can be provided across the full width of the beam, they do not have to be concentrated in the perimeter. Specific Detailing Requirements: Minimum area of shear links to be provided anywhere in a beam: Asv = 0.4bvsv / 0.95fy. Spacing of links 0.75d. Spacing of links should not be less than 100 mm, or 75 mm in exceptional circumstances for poker access to the concrete.

Lecturer: Colin Caprani