International Refereed Journal of Engineering and Science (IRJES)

ISSN (Online) 2319-183X, (Print) 2319-1821

Volume 2, Issue 5(May 2013), PP.08-15
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On A Class Of Valent Functions Involving Generalized

Hypergeometric Function
Chena Ram And Saroj Solanki
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Jai Narain Vyas University Jodhpur, (Rajasthan), India.

Abstract: Invoking the Hadamard product (or convolution), a class of p-valent functions has been introduced.
The coefficient bounds, extreme points, radii of close-to-convex, starlikeness and convexity are obtained for the
same class of functions. Distortion theorem and fractional differ-integral operators are also obtained.
Key words: -valent function; Analytic function; Hadamard product; Generalized hyper-geometric functions;
Linear operator; Starlike function; Convex function; Fractional differential and integral operator.

I.
Introduction
Let (, ) denote the class of functions () of the form

= +

+ + , , N = 1,2, ,

(1.1)

=1

which are analytic and valent in the unit disk = { < 1}.
A function () (, ) is said to be valent starlike of order (0 < ) if and only
if
Re

()

> , ; 0 < .

( )

(1.2)

We denote by , the subclass of (, ) consisting of functions which are valent starlike of order .
Also a function (, ) is said to be in the class , if and only if
Re 1 +

()
( )

> , ( ; 0 < ).

(1.3)

A function , is called -valent convex function of order (0 < ), if

, () , , .
For a function () is given by (1.1) and () , is given by

(1.4)

+ + ,

= +

, N ,

(1.5)

=1

we define the Hadamard product of and as

+ + + ,

= +

(1.6)

=1

Let the subclass A , is denoted by consisting of functions of the form

+ + ,

, N; 0 .

(1.7)

=1

Invoking the Hadamard product, a linear operator , , () is defined as

, , = ( 21 , ; ; ; )

() + + +

+
!

+ + ,

(1.8)

=1

(1.9)

=1

where 21 , ; ; is generalized hypergeomertric function defined by Virchenko, Kalla and Al-Zamel [6]
as,

() +
,
, > 0, < 1,
(1.10)
2 1 , ; ; ; =

+
!
=0

where () is the pochhammer symbol defined as

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On A Class Of Valent Functions Involving Generalized Hypergeometric Function

() =
and
=

1,
+ 1 + 1 ;

() +
+

=0

(1.11)

If we set = 1 in (1.8), then the linear operator

, , reduces to the linear operator , ,
defined (cf. [5]) as

() () + +

, , =
= 21 , ; ; .
(1.12)
() !
=1

In particular, if we set = 1, then linear operator , , reduces to Carlson-Shaffer

operator , defined as

() + +
, 1, = , =
()
=1

= , ; ,
where ; ; is incomplete beta function defined as

(1.13)

, ; =2 1 , 1; ; =

n 0

()

()

For detail, one can see [1, 4].

A function , for 0 and 0 < is said to be in the class (, ) if it satisfies the following
relation
Re

,,

>

,, ()

,,

+.

,,

(1.14)

For detail, one can see [7].

Coefficient Bounds for Function () in (, )

II.

Theorem 2.1. Let the function () defined by (1.7) be in the class (, ) if and only if

1+ +
+ < 1,

=1

(2.1)

where 0 < , 0 and is defined by (1.11).

Proof. Let (, ). By using Re > + , if and only if, Re 1 +
for real and letting
=

, ,
, ,

>

(1.14) reduces to
Re

, ,

(1 + ) p

, ,

> ,

or, equivalently,

Re

+ +

n 1

n 1

> 0.

(2.2)

n 1

The inequality (2.2) must hold for all in . By letting 1 , we have

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On A Class Of Valent Functions Involving Generalized Hypergeometric Function

+ +

n 1

Re

n 1

> 0,

n 1

by means of mean value theorem, we get

=1

Therefore,

0.

=1

1+ +

(2.3)

=1

Conversely, we assume that (2.1) hold. We are to show that (1.14) is satisfied and so
(, ). By using Re > if and only if +
< +
that

, ,

, ,

<

, ,

, ,

, ,

, it is sufficient to show

, ,

, ,

, ,

Let
,,

,,

then,

,,

E=

, ,

,,

,,

, ,

, , ,,

( ,, )

,,

2 + (1) ( ) +

n 1

>

,,

(2.4)

and
F =

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

,,

[ (1+) ] + ( )

n 1

>

(2.5)

,,

if (2.1) holds, then it is easy to show that E F > 0. So the proof is completed.

III.
Theorem 3.1. Let 1 =

Extreme Points for the class (, )

(3.1)

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On A Class Of Valent Functions Involving Generalized Hypergeometric Function

+ ,
1 + + ()
where , then () (, ), if and only if, () can be expressed as
and =

(3.2)

() =

(3.3)

=1

where

1 +

= 1 ,

1 0; 0;

(3.4)

=1

and is defined by (1.11).

Proof. Invoking (3.1), (3.2) and (3.3), we get

= 1 +
=1

+
1 + + ()

+ + ,

(3.5)

=1

where

1+ + ( )

+ =

By using (3.4), we get

1 + + ()
+ = 1 1 < 1,

(3.6)

=1
(, ).

hence
Conversely, if , , then by using theorem 2.1, we get

+
, ,
1 + + ()
then

(3.7)

1 + + ()
+ < 1,

(3.8)

and 1 = 1

.
=1

i.e.

=
=1

+ +
=1

+
1+ +

Using (3.2) and (3.4), we get

() =
=1

+
=1

.
=1

Theorem is completely proved.

IV.

Distortion Bounds , ,

Theorem 4.1. Let the function defined by (1.7) be in the class (, ). Then

1+

Proof. Let

1+ +
(, ).

1+

1+ +

(4.1)

Then by using theorem 2.1, we have

+
=1

, ,

, ( 1)
1+ +

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(4.2)

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On A Class Of Valent Functions Involving Generalized Hypergeometric Function

now by using (1.9), we get

, ,

=1

1+ +

and

+
1+

, ,

+
=1

1+ +

1+

Theorem is completely proved.

V.
Radius of close to- convexity, starlikeness and convexity
Theorem 5.1. Let the function defined by (1.7) be in the class (, ). Then is valently close to
convex of order (0 < ) in < 1 , , where
1

( ) 1+ + ()

1 , = inf

+ ( )

, 1

(5.1)

and () is defined by (1.11).

Proof. It is sufficient to prove that
()
1

, for < 1 , ,

we have
()

1

( + ) + .
=1

()
Thus 1 if

+ +

( )

1,

=1

but by theorem 2.1, above inequality hold true if

+
1+ +

,
( )
()

( ) 1+ +

+ ( )

, 1

or
1 , = inf

( ) 1+ + ( )
+ ( )

, 1.

The Theorem is completely proved.

Theorem 5.2. Let the function defined by (1.7) be in the class (, ). Then is
valently starlike of order (0 < ) in < 2 , , where
2 , = inf

() 1+ + ()
+ ( )

, 1

(5.2)

and () is defined by (1.11).

Proof. It is sufficient to prove that
()
( )

, (0 < )

we have

()

()

n 1

n 1

Thus

()
if
()

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On A Class Of Valent Functions Involving Generalized Hypergeometric Function

+ +

( )

=1

1,

but by theorem 2.1, above inequality hold true if

( ) 1+ +

+ ( )

, 1

or
1

( ) 1 + + ()
2 , = inf
, 1.

+ ( )
The Theorem is completely proved.
Corollary 1. Let the function defined by (1.7) be in the class (, ). Then is
valently convex of order (0 < ) in < 3 , , where
3 , = inf

( ) 1+ + ( )

+ + ( )

, 1

(5.3)

and () is defined by (1.11).

VI.

Fractional integral operator

The following definition given by Srivastava and Owa [2] are required to prove the results in this section:
Definition 1. The fractional derivative of order for a function is defined by
1
()
= (1) 0 ; 0 < 1,
(6.1)
where the function is analytic in simply-connected region of the -plane containing the origin and
multiplicity of is removed by requiring log( ) to be real when ( ) > 0.
Definition 2. The fractional integral of order is defined , for a analytic function by

1
()
= () 0 1 ; > 0 ,
(6.2)
where the analytic function is in a simply-connected region of the -plane containing the origin and
multiplicity of 1 is removed by requiring log( ) to be real when ( ) >0.
Definition 3. By the hypothesis of definition 1, the fractional derivative of function for order +
is defined by

+ = , (0 < 1; 0 ).
(6.3)
We also need the following definition of fractional integral operator given by Srivastava, Saigo and Owa [3]
defined as
,,
Definition 4. The fractional operator 0, for real numbers > 0 , is defined by
,,

0,

()

21 + , ; ; 1 ,

(6.4)

where the function is analytic in simply-connected region of the -plane containing the origin with order
= O , 0 and > max 0, 1,

() ()

,
;
;

=
,
2 1
() !
=0

where () is the Pochhammer symbol and multiplicity of

real when ( ) > 0.
Lemma 1. If > 0 and > 1, then
+1 ++1
,,
0, =
.
+1

(, )

(6.5)

for > 0, < 2, then

+1 ++1
+1

and
, ,
0,

is removed by requiring log( ) to be

+ ++1

Theorem 6.1. Let defined by (1.7) be in the class

, ,
0,

++ +1

+1

+1 +

+1 +1++

+1+ + c

(6.6)

+1 ++1

+1

+ + +1

1+

+1

+1 +

+1 +1+ +

+1+ + c

(6.7)

Proof. By using lemma 1, we get

,,
0,

+1 + +1

= +1

++ +1

n 1

++1 ++ +1
+ +1

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+++ +1

+ + 6.8

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On A Class Of Valent Functions Involving Generalized Hypergeometric Function

+ 1 + + + 1 , ,
0,
+1 ++1

++1 +++1
+1 +++1
=
+ + ,
++1 ++++1
+1 + +1
=1

let
+ 1 + + + 1 ,,
() =
0, =
+1 + +1

+ + ,

(6.9)

=1

where
=

++1 +++1
+1 +++1
++1 ++++1
+1 ++1
+1 +1+
=
, 1 ,
+1 +1++

we can see that h() is decreasing for 1, thus we get

+1 1 +1 + 1
+1
0 < () 1 =
=
+1 1 +1++ 1

( +1 + )

6.10

(6.11)

+1 (+1+ +)

now, by using equation (2.1) and (6.11 ) in (6.9), then we get

()

(1)

1+

+ , 1
=1

+1 +1+
+
,
+1 +1++ +1+ + c

and

()

+ 1

1+

+ , 1,
=1

1+

+1 +1+
+
,
+1 +1+ + +1+ + c

therefore,
+1 ++1
1
+1 ++ +1
+1 +1+
+

+1 +1++ +1+ + c
,,

0,

+1 + +1
+1

+++1

1+

+1

+1 +

+1 +1++

+1+

+ c

Theorem is completely proved.

Corollary 2. If = = in theorem 6.1 and let the function () defined by (1.7) be in the
class (, ). Then we have
+1
+1
+

+ 1

++1
+1+ +1+ + c
and

(6.12)

+1
+1
+
+ 1 +
. (6.13)
++1
+ 1 + + 1 + + c
Corollary 3. If = = in theorem 6.1 and let the function () defined by (1.7) be in the
class (, ). Then we have
+1
+1
+

1

(6.14)
+1
+1 +1 + c
and
+1
+1
+

1 +
.
(6.15)
+1
+1 +1 + c

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On A Class Of Valent Functions Involving Generalized Hypergeometric Function

References
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]

B. C. Carlson and S. B. Shaffer (2002): Starlike and prestarlike hypergeometric functions, SIAM J. Math. Anal., 15, 737745.
H.M. Srivastava and S. Owa (1984): An application of the fractional derivative, Math. Japonica, 29, 383-389.
H.M. Srivastava, M. Saigo and S.Owa (1988): A class of distortion theorem of fractional calculus, J. Math. Anal. Appl.,
131, 412-420.
J.L. Liu and H.M. Srivastava (2001): A linear operator and associated families of meromorphically multivalent functions, J.
Math. Anal. Appl., 259, 566-581.
J.L. Liu and H.M. Srivastava (2004): Classes of meromorphically multivalent functions associated with generalized
hypergeometric functions, Maths. Comput. Modelling, 39, 21-34.
N. Virchenko, S.L. Kalla and A. Al-Zamel (2001): Some results on generalized hypergeometric function, Integral
Transforms and Special Functions, 12 (1), 89-100.
S.P. Goyal and R. Goyal (2005): On a class of multivalent functions defined by generalized Ruscheweyh derivatives
involving a general fractional derivative operators, J. Indian Acad. Math., 27(2), 439-456.

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