T I B E T A N B U D D H I S T TEXTS P R I N T E D BY T H E MDZOD-DGE-SGAR-GSAR MONASTERY by LOKESH CHANDRA

New Delhi
As pointed out earlier 1 the handlists of the lamaist monastic printeries (par-tho) are a valuable peep into the vast literature of the lamaist world written in Tibetan by the numerous tribes of the Himalayan and Transhimalayan regions going up to the Siberian steppes and even to the banks of the Volga. The local printeries attain greater significance as we can glean from them the opuscules and magnum opus of the local savants besides the collected works of eminent scholars whose fame roamed over the vast expanses of Lamaism and the xylographic boards of whose opera omnia lent a special significance to even not very major monastic printeries which had the privilege of preserving them. For instance, our monastery had attained special renown by publishing ~ the complete works of A-khu-rin-po-che ges-rab-rgya-mtsho(4), who has rendered a signal service to the history of lamaist literature by his outstanding tho-yig or list of rare works classified subjectwise. It has been edited in part 3 of the author's Materials for a History of Tibetan Lite-

rature.
The title of our par-tho on the cover-page is given as Dga.h-ldan-rabrgyas-glih-gi dpar-tho bzhugs-so, while at the beginning of the text the significant appellative Mdzod-dge sgar-gsar is added to the aforesaid title which makes it possible to identify the location of the monastery with precision. In the Amdo region, down the Ang-khor Valley are the two famous Mdzod-dge lamaseries, the Old and the New, known as Mdzod-dge sgar-r~ih (Chinese: Mo-wu chiu-ssu or the Old Mo-wu Monastery) and the Mdzod-dge sgar-gsar (Chinese: Mo-wu hsin-ssu or the New Mo-Wu Monastery). 3 Our par-tho pertains to the New Mdzoddge monastery which was to the East of its old counterpart. 1 Andrew Vostrikov, "Some Corrections and Critical Remarks on Dr. Johan van Manen's Contribution to theBibliography of Tibet", in BSOS, 8, p.55; Lokesh Chandra, "Les Imprimeries Tib6taines de Drepung, Derge et Pepung", JA, 1961, p. 504. Vostrikov, p. 55 note 3.

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The par-tho is handwritten. It is divided into two parts. The first part consists of books of long format, but there is no specification to this effect. The second part pertains to xylographs of small format (snathuh-gi skor). ~ The extent of the texts is normally given in folios, and occasionally in volumes (pothis) or chapters. The long format contains works of a fairly long extent like the A.stasdhasrikd (with adnotations, 1), 5 commentary on the Ma~ju&~-Ndmasahg~ti (14), the pin..d~rtha of Bodhisattvabh~rni (13). Besides commentarial works there are historical writings like the biographies of Atiga (2) and his disciple H.brom-ston (3) well known as the Pha-chos and Bu-chos, two biographies of the Gun-thafi Bstan-pa.hi-sgron-ma (18, 19). In the Tantras, we meet with two seholia (5, 6) on the Guhyasamdja-tantra (Tohoku, 442) and Nam-mkha.h-grags' expos6 e f utpatti- and sampanna-kramas in the Guhyasamdja. Among philosophical items are zin-bris of Gufi-thafi (9) and Ri-khrod-dbafi-po (10). Guruyoga texts, which form a very fundamental part of lamaist literature, are represented by a zin-bris of Dga.h-ldan-lha-brgya-ma. This part closes with a few texts, of shorter extent, on bafi-vidhi, pratividh~na, homa and eulogia (16, 17, 20, 21, 22: these might well have been engraved on small size xylograpbs). The biggest and most important item are the collected writings of Ses-rab-rgya-mtsho or Prajfi~s~gara 6 in eight volumes. The elucidation of the Vajrdvalf and of the abhi.seka of Mitrayogin by .Hbo-ra Don-grub lends a local colour to the par-tho. The second part of the list contains xylographs of small format and as may be expected they contain works of daily recitation, ritualia and eulogia whose frequent or constant use demanded a handy size. Besides, their rather short extent also rendered the small format appropriate: most of them range between 1-23 small folios. We may draw attention to the fo~ct that texts extending over 23 folios are only those canonical works which were used for daily recitation; like the Sarheayagdthd (23), Guhyasamdja (26), Ma~ju~r?-Ndmasahgfti (28), and the Bhairavatantra 3 See J. F. Rock, The Amnye Ma-chhen Range and Adjacent Regions (Rome, 1956), p. 26, and Map 3 ( 35~ in the flap at the end. Four sizes of xylographs are distinguished: (i) long format or "arrow-length" (mda.h-tshad-ma,par rih-po) (ii) medium format (par .hbrih) (iii) short format (par thu~) (iv) very short format (gin-tu-sna-thuh) Compare Vostrikov, p. 62 note 2. 5 Figures in parantheses refer to the serial numbering of the items in the list given at the end of this article. 6 Praj~dsdgarais written as ~ with the omission of intervocalie -g- which is a common feature of Mongol pronunciation (Mong. ulaTan ~ ulaan).

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(29). The guruparampara (bla-brgyud) of the Guhyasamdja (24) and the special recitation to precede and to end this (.9) Tantra, are followed by the first and last 7 chapters of the Sarhvara-tantra (Tohoku 368) which are specially holy: ddi- and paryavasdna-kalydn, a. Two guruyoga texts are the Gurupa~cdgikd (30) from the Canon and the Gurup~tj~ by a Panchen Lama. Later guruyoga texts are listed further on, under nos. 44-49. Pra.l?ddh~nas of the Lam-rim (35), Sukh~vati (36, 37), Sarvavid (38); tea offering (39), short biographicals (41, 42), stotra (50), adhye.san.~ (51) and eulogia indicated by their opening words (52-57) are some of the types of minor texts in this part. Services to Mah~k~la (61), Devi (62) Gfian (63), Dharmar~ja and Lcam-srifi (65); bali to Vai~ravan.a (66) and Vajras~dhu (67), water-bali (69); glud for cattle (70) and an agricultural dh~ra.ni (75) - all are from the day-to-day life of the people. Finally, after leaving about three inches of blank space the par-tho lists illustrations of man..dalas and rak.s~cakras which were to be had from the printery. The par-tho seems to follow a general pattern in listing the books according to their size and concluding with the illustrations we find this pattern throughout the catalogue of the printing blocks of 31 Buddhist Transbaikalian monasteries from the archives of the N. E. Siberian Buddhist Patriarch the Pan..dita Mkhan-po, edited by Academician Rinchen in Four Mongolian Historical Records, s pp. 71-121. After these few general remarks we proceed to reproduce the par-tho in its original sequence, adding annotations to clarify the rifles. 1. Brgyad-stoh-pa mtshan-dah-bcas-pa, A.slasdhasrikd with glosses, 448 folios. 2. Bka.h-gdams-pha-chos, the biography of Ati~a, in 26 chapters. TWB, 9 7041. 3. Bu-chos in 20 chapters, the biography of .Hbrom-ston Rgyal-ba.hi.hbyufi-gnas, the "Son" (bu) i.e. disciple of Atiga. TWB, 7042. 4. H.jam-mgon Pradz~a-sdra.hi gsu~-.hbum, the collected works of Praj~dsdgara in eight volumes, complete with a dkar-chag or list of works included therein. He is A-khu-rin-po-che Ses-rab-rgya-mtsho who lived from 1803 to 1875 A.D. His works have been listed in Lokesh 7 This concept is also typified in the great s~dhana collection of Panchen Bstanpah.i-fii-ma-phyogs-las-rnam-gyal,known for short as Rin-lhan, whose first chapter aptly beginswith the adi-kalya.nadeitiesand the last chapter closeswith theparyavasanakalyd.na deities: Lokesh Chandra, "The Rin-lhan and Rin-hbyufl", Oriens Extremus, 8, 189. 8 New Delhi, 1959 (= ~atapit.akaSeries, 11, edited by Raghu Vira). 9 TWB = A Catalogue of the Tohoku University Collection of Tibetan Works on Buddhism (Sendal, 1953).

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301

Chandra, Mater&& for a History of Tibetan Literature, part I, pp. 269273. Also see Vostrikov, p. 55. 5. H.gos-lo-tsa-ba.hi: Gsah-.hdus stoh-thun, a condensed commentary on the Guhyasamdja by the .Hgos Lotsaba, in 270 folios. 6. Rgyud-chen Brtson-hgrus-.hphags-kyi Rgyud-t.ik, in 297 folios. Commentary on the Tantra (Guhyasamdja) by Brtson-.hgrus-.hphags, the Master of the Tantra (Rgyud-chen, it was a title conferred on lamas who were distinguished for the wide range of their Tantric learning, i.e. those who had obtained the luh for a vast majority of the canonical Tantras. Their esoteric biographies or gsan-yig were extensive works). 7. Dvags-po Nam-mkhah-grags-kyi Gsah-.hdus bskyed-rim, in 64 folios. The utpattikrama of the Guhyasamdja according to Nam-mkha.h-grags of Dvags-po. 8. De.hi rdzogs-rim, in 87 folios. The sampannakrama of the foregoing. For the utpatti- and sampanna-kramas, the manifestation and reabsorption of phenomenal existence see D. L. Snellgrove, The Hevajra Tantra, part I, p. 139-140. 9. Guh-thah-gsuit gras: Lta-ba.hi zin-.hbris, Thar-lam-snah-ba, in 23 folios. A r6sum6 of the philosophy [of the Gelukpas], by Gufl-thafi, entitled the That ~ (Lokesh Chandra, Materials for a History of Tibetan Literature, 3447). Ri-khrod-dbah-po Mkhas-grub-bstan-.hdzin-pa.hi gsuit-gras 1~ (nos. 10-12 have been authored by him): 10. Lam-rim zin-bris, section KA 47 folios, KHA 58 folios, GA 62 folios. A r6sum6 of Tsofl-kha-pa's Lam-rim by Mkhas-grub-bstan-.hdzin. For Ri-khrod-phur-bu-lcog Monastery see Vostrikov p. 66. 11. Dga.h-ldan-lha-brgya-ma dab skyabs-.hjug sdom-pa.hi zin-.hbris, in 20 folios. A synoptical treatment of the Dga.h-ldan-lha-brgya-ma which is a fundamental teaching of the guru-yoga in the Dge-lugs-pa sect and the vow of taking refuge in the Triple Gem. Opuscules on the Dga.h-ldanlha-brgya-ma are very popular, see for instance TWB, 6620, 6626, 6632, 6645, 6668, 6693, 6696, 6698, 6700, 6701, 6704, 6710-17, 6757, 6989, 6998, 7021, etc., etc.

lo gras "class, group" denotes that the texts mentioned hereafter are written by the
author mentioned till the next specification, In the original manuscript it is further emphasised by using the sign~ at the beginning of the grouping. In no. 9 and 15
/

too we find the use of gras though there is only a single text of an author, but there is no ambiguity in these cases as the position is clarified by the aforesaid slgn'~ and the authorship of the following item is stated.

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12. Bkah-rtsom da~-po.hi hgrel-pa, 13 folios. Commentary on the first chapter of ? Gu-~ri Chos-h.phel-pa.hi gsuh-gras (13, 14 have been written by him). 13. Byah-sa.hi bsdus-don, in 28 folios. Epitomised explanation (pin..d~rtha) of the Bodhisattvabhami by Gu-gri Chos-h.phel. Byah-sa is a short name of Rnal-.hbyor-spyod-pa.hi-sa-las Byah-ehub-sems-dpa.hi-sa (P. Cordier, Catalogue du Fonds Tibdtain de la Biblioth~que Nationale, Paris, Mdo-.hgrel, ZHI, part 3 p. 379). This abbreviated title is quoted from the original Tibetan Index under nos. 5, 6, 7 of pothi YI (Cordier p. 381-382) which are the v.rtti, bhh.sya and t.ik~ on sections of this text. 14. H.jam-dpal-mtshan-brjod-kyi .hgrel-pa, 60 folios. Commentary on the MagjugrPNdmasahg~ti. The quadrilingual (Skt., Tib., Mongolian and Chinese) edition of the text has been edited by Raghu Vira, Satapit.aka Series, vol. 18 (New Delhi, 1961).

15. H.bo-ra Don-grub-kyigsuh-gras: Rdo-rje-phreh-badab Mi-tra.hi dbah b~ad, 48 folios. An introduction to the Vajrdval~and the consecrations (abhi.seka, dbah) of Mitrayogin by .Hbo-ra Don-grub. On the location of the H.bo-ra Monastery see J. F. Rock, The Ammye Ma-chhen Range and Adjacent Regions, p. 26, and Map 3. It was in the proximity of our Mdzod-dge Sgar-gsar Monastery. The Vajrdvalfwas an oft-used abhi.seka text (Lokesh Chandra, "The Rin-lhan and Rin-.hbyufl", in Oriens Extremus, VIII, 207 note 17). A synopsis of the consecrations of Mitrayogin appears in Lokesh Chandra, The Biography of Mitrayogin (=IndoAsian Studies, II). 16. Bde-g~egs so-lha.hi cho-ga Mkhan-ehen gsuh .hgrelgtor, 11 folios.
A bali extracted (9.) from a commentary and the vidhi for the Thirty-five Buddhas of Confession, by Mkhan-chen [Nag-dbafl-mkhas-grub]. Compare the phan-yon of the 35 Buddhas by Hu-re-chen-mo.hi Mkhan-chen lqag-dbafl-mkhas-grub in Lokesh Chandra, Eminent Tibetan Polymaths of Mongolia, text p. 40 (vol. GA). For the illustrations of the 35 Buddhas see Raghu Vira and Lokesh Chandra, A New Tibeto-Mongol Pantheon, part 3 p. 9. There are several works devoted to the 35 Buddhas (e.g. Tohoku, 1142, TWB, 5366 abhisamaya and painting-manual by Tsoflkha-pa, TWB, 5429 anu~arhsg of the names by Rgyal-tshab Darma-rinchen, TWB, 6341 stotra by Dharmabhadra). 17. Sdom goit-ma gftis-kyiphyir-bcos, 6 folios. The pratividh~na of the first two safiwaras. See TWB, 6958 for aphyir-bcos(pratividhfina) ofbhik.sus. 18. Bstan-pah.i-sgron-mahi rnam-thar, 5 folios. A short biographic sketch of Gufl-thafl Bstan-pa.hi-sgron-ma, whose list of works appears in Materials for a History of Tibetan Literature, part 1, pp. 175-183.

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303

19. Yah de.hi rnam-thar, 49 folios. The biography of the foregoing Incarnate Lama. 20. Thugs-rje-chen-po.hisbyin-sreg,7 folios. The homa of Mahgk~ru.nika Avalokitegvara. 21. Chos-sku stoh-ba-ma, 2 folios. A stotra of Avalokitegvara. 22. Lcam-srih, 7 folios. A stotra to Lcam-srifi who is described in details by Ren6 de Nebesky-Wojkowitz, Oracles and Demons of Tibet, pp. 88-93. SMALL FORMAT

(sna-thuh-gi-skor-la:)
23. Mdo-sdud-pa, 90 folios. The Prajgdpdramitd-ratnagu.na-satheayagdthd (Tohoku, 13).11 Its Sanskrit and Tibetan texts have been reprinted in Indo-Iranian Reprints, V by Edward Conze from E. Obermiller's edition (The Hague, 1960). Its English translation by Edward Conze appears in Indo-Asian Studies (ed. Raghu Vira) part, 1, pp. 128-178. 24. Rgyud-gzhuh bla-brgyud, 5 folios. A prayer to the teachers transmitting the teaching of the tantras. Bla-brgyud or guruparampar~adhye.sa.nfis containing the genealogy of transmission of specific tantras, minor texts, abhi.sekas are of common occurrence. Compare, e.g., a bla-ma-brgyud-pa in TWB, 5862. 25. H.don-thabs, 3 folios. A small book of recitation. 26. Rgyud-gzhuh, 97 folios. Guhyasamdja-tantra. 27. Bde-mchog rtsa-rgyud le.hu thog mtha.h g~is, 9 folios. The first and last chapters of the Sarhvara-tantra for daily reading. 28. H.jam-dpal-mtshan-brjod, 51 folios. Ma~ju~rf-NdmasahgTti(Tohoku, 360). 29. H. jigs-byed-rtog-bdun, 39 folios; the Vajramahabhairava-tantra (Tohoku, 468). Rtog-bdun (saptakalpa "in seven chapters") to distinguish it from Tohoku, 469 in three chapters (Rtog-gsum)entitled K.r.s.nayamdri-

tantrardja Trikalpa ndma. 30. Bla-ma-lha-bcu-pa, 9 folios. Gurupagcddik~[Tohoku, 3721, TWB,

7014, 5269 (expln.), 6416 (memo)]. 31. Bla-mchod, 16 folios. It is a guru-p~j~, probably the one by Panchen Lama I Chos-kyi-rgyal-mtshan (TWB, 5892). 32. Dzam-lha, a sadhana of Jambhala in three chapters (le-tshan)consisting of 23, 20, and 10 folios. 33. Byin-bskul, 2 folios. An adhi.s~hfina-adhye.sa.ng.
11 (= A Complete Catalogue of the Tibetan Buddhist Canons), Sendal, 1934.

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34. Zhi rgyas dbah drag-ma, 1 folio. A folio on the ~finti, pau.s.tika, abhi.seka, and raudra rites (9.). 35. Lam-rim-smon-lam, 3 folios. A pran.idh~na of Tsofi-kha-pa's Lain-rim (TWB, 5392). 36. Zhih-mchog-sgo-.hbyed, 3 folios. A pran.idh~na of Sukh~vati. 37. Bde-smon, 7 folios. Sukh~vati-pran.idh~na: Bde is short for Bdeba-can "Sukhfivati" and smon for smon-lam "pra .nidh~na". It is probably by Tsofi-kha-pa [TWB, 5275 (69), 6944]. 38. Kun-rig-smon-lam, 9 folios. A pra.nidh~na of Sarvavid. 39. Yon-tan-mchog-gnas-ma da~ ja-mchod rgyas-pa g~is, 3 folios. Two short opuscules, the latter pertaining to the Tea offering. Short booklets devoted to the Tea offering have been written by Dalai Lama I (TWB, 5572), Dalai Lama V (TWB, 5660-61), Dflul-chu Dharmabhadra (TWB, 6292, 6311). 40. Rgyal-sras-mtshan-brjod, Sdig-grib-dag-byed, 5 folios. The names of Buddhas and Bodhisattvas. They correspond to the ndma genre of Sanskrit works like the Visnusahasrandma. 41. Rje.hi gsah-rnam, 8 folios. A concise esoteric biography of Tsofikha-pa. 42. Sku-.hphreh gsum-pa.hi rnam-thar, 15 folios. A biographic sketch of the Third Incarnation of ? (unspecified). 43. Thugs-rje-chen-po-.hgro-kun-gduh-sel. 6 folios. A prayer to Avalokite~vara. 44. Byams-pa .hjam-dbyahs-la brten-pah, i bla-ma.hi-rnaL.hbyor, 3 folios. Guruyoga based on Maitreya and Mafiju~ri. 45. Bskal-bzah-rgyal-sras-ma, 4 folios. A pran.idh~na. 46. Sku-.hphreh gsum-pah, i bla-ma.hi-rnaL.hbyor, 3 folios. Guruyoga based on the Third Incarnation of ? (unspecified, cf. no. 42). 47. Gsah-h.dus bla-ma.hi-rnal-h,byor, 10 folios. Guruyoga based on the

Guhyasamdja. 48. Rje Btso~-kha-pa-la brten-pa.hi bla-ma.hi-rnal-.hbyor, 9 folios.

Guruyoga based on Tsofi-kha-pa. 49. Thugs-rje-ehen-po-dah .hbreLba.hi bla-ma.hi-rnaL.hbyor, 3 folios. Guruyoga connected with Avalokite~vara. 50. H. jam-dkar-bstod-pa, 1 folio. A stotra of Sita Mafiju~ri. 51. Lho-brag-grub-ehen-gyi gsol-.hdebs, 3 folios. A pran.idh~na to Nam-mkha.h-rgya-mtsho of Lho-brag in Tibet. 52. Skal-bzah-thar-.hdod-ma, 1 folio. 53. Smad-byuh-srid-zhi-ma, 5 folios. 54. Mkha.h-khyab-bye-ba-ma, 5 folios.

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305

55. Dpal-ma~-rin-po-che.hi-bka.h-drin-rjes-ma,11 folios. 56. Skal-bzah-stobs-bcu-ma, 4 folios. 57. Srid-zhi-gtsug-rgyan-ma, 1 folio. The above six texts (nos. 52-57) are praa.lidh~nas, designated by their opening words. 58. Bden-gtam-gsal-ba.hi-me-lofi, 7 folios. It appears to be a nRi text. 59. Kha-mehu zhi-ba.hi-mdo, 5 folios. 60. YuI-khrus ehar-.hbebsg~is, 8 folios. Two texts on (i) the ceremony of sprinkling water (cf. TWB, 6022) on the yul-lha and (ii) rain-making. YuMha are local protective deities (Nebesky-Wojkowitz, esp. pp. 231252). 61. Mgon-po.hi-bskah thuh, 2 folios. Religious services to Mahfikgla, in brevior. For bskah-ba.hi-mdos and bskafi-rdzas see Nebesky-Wojkowitz, pp. 373, 395, 433. 62. Lha-mohi-bskah thufi, 7 folios. Religious services to SriDevi. 63. G~an-bska~, 3 folios. Religious services to the class of minor deities known as Gfian, on whom see Nebesky-Wojkowitz pp. 288-290. 64. Lhun-grub-bde-stoh-ma, 5 folios. It is a bskah, probably written by Chos-kyi-rgya-mtsho. 65. Chos-rgyal Leam-srih g~is, 3 folios. Bskafi services to Dharmar~.ja and Lcam-srifi. On them see Nebesky-Wojkowitz p. 82 f. and p. 88 f. 66. Rnam-sras gtor-.hbul, 1 folio. A vidhi for offering bali to Vaigrava .ha. 67. Dam-can gtor-.hbul, 5 folios. A bali-vidhi for Dam-can Rdo-rjelegs-pa or Vajrasgdhu, the samayin. For Vajrasgdhu one may consult F. D. Lessing, Yung-ho-kung, p. 17, A Grfinwedel, Mythologie des Buddhismus in Tibet und der Mongolei, p. 185 f., Raghu Vira and Lokesh Chandra, A New Tibeto-Mongol Pantheon, part 7, p. 6 and plate 508. In Kdlaeakra-tantra 3.2 (ed. Raghu Vira) dam-tshig-can corresponds to Skt. samayin. 68..Hjam-dpal zhi-khro-ma dab rluh bskyed bcas-pa, 5 folios. A bali (.9) for Mafiju~ri in its g~nta and krodha epiphanies, with a vidhi for the lu~-rta (.9) banner. 69. Chab-gtor, 7 folios. A jalabali-vidhi. In the Tanjur there are two opuscules with the title Chu-gtor-gyi cho-ga (Tohoku, 3775, 3779). S.C. Das, Tibetan-English Dictionary, renders ehu-gtor, chab-gtor as tarpan,a. TWB, 6928 is a ehab-gtor to ggkyamuni (TWB, renders ehab-gtor as arghapt~j~.vidhi). 70. Phyug-glud, 6 folios. It pertains to the rites of "substitute-offering" for averting harm to cattle (see Nebesky-Wojkowitz, pp. 361-62). For the various glud see references in Nebesky-Wojkowitz, p. 639 (index). 71. Rmad-byu~-srid-ma, 5 folios.

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72. Mtshan-shags, 1 folio. A composition eulogising the component letters of the name of a deity or guru (cf. TWB, 6482). 73. Nor-rgyun-ma, 2 folios. Vasundharg eulogium. 74. Sgrol-ljah, 11 folios. A eulogy addressed to Green Tara. 75. H.bru-h.phel-ba.hi gzuhs, 5 folios. A dh~ran.i for the increase of grain-harvest.

ILLUSTRATIONS

76. Kun-rig-gi dkyil-.hkhor dpar: A cosmographic representation or ma.n.dala-illustration of Sarvavid. 77. Bde Gsah H.jigs gsum-gyi dkyil-h, khor dpar: an illustration of the man..dala of the triad of Sarhvara, Guhyasamaja and Bhairava. 78. So-sor-h.bran-ma.hi bsruh-.hkhor: a rak.sacakra of Mahapratisara. For sruh-.hkhor see Nebesky-Wojkowitz, pp. 504-505. 79. Rnam-h.jom bsruh-.hkhor: a rak.sgcakra of Vajravidara.na. Rnam.hjoms is a short appellation of Vajrav ~ (e.g.G. de Roerich, Blue Annals, p. 538). 80. Khro-bcuh.i bsruh-.hkhor: a rak.sgcakra of the Ten Krodha Deities. On them see A New Tibeto-Mongol Pantheon, part 2, p. 5; B. Bhattacharyya, Ni.spannayogdvaI~ introd, p. 36; Raghu Vira, Kdlacakra-tantra 3.23 (krodha-v.rnda) 81. H.od-zer-can-ma.hi bsruh-.hkhor: a rak.s~cakra of M~rici. 82. Sgrol-ma.hi bsruh-.hkhor: a raks.acakra of Tara. 83. Tsakra-bcu-gsum-ma.hi bsruh-.hkhor: rak.s~cakra of the Trayodagatmaka [Vajrabhairava]. See TWB, 5100 (Bu-ston), 5518 (Mkhas-grub Dge-legs-dpal-bzafi-po), 6272 (Dharmabhadra), 6441 (Dbyafis-can-grubpa.hi-rdo-rje). 84. Thog bsruh: a protective rite, or more probably a rak.s~cakra, against-lightning. Consult Nebesky-Wojkowitz, pp. 479-480.