Object relations theory Date of last revision September 2, 2011 Introduction

Object relations theory is a psychodynamic theory. Ronald Fairbairn coined the term "object relations and Melanie Klein is most commonly identified with the term "object relations theory" It describes the process of developing a mind as one grows in relation to others in the environment. The theory may be defined as a system of psychological explanation based on the premise that the mind comprises elements taken in from outside, primarily aspects of the functioning of other persons." The theory emphasizes interpersonal relations, primarily in the family and especially between mother and child. Major proponents are o Melanie Klein o D.W. Winnicott o Margaret Mahler

Major Concepts

Theory guides inner world exploration and recognizes the introjected persons of the past living within the patients mind, comprising the persons psychic structure (Mohl PC, 2008).

Introjects

Introjects refers to the internalized images of others within the patient. Focus of attention of the theory.

Objects

The "objects" of the theory are both real others in one's world, and one's internalized image of others. Objects are usually persons, parts of persons, or symbols of one of these.

Object relations

object relations refers to interpersonal relations or specific intrapsychic structures.

Representation

refers to the way the person has or possesses an object.

Psychological Positions

Klein explains two two psychological positions during the first year of life. o paranoidschizoid position - during the first 6 months of life o depressive position - during the second 6 months. Paranoidschizoid position is characterized by the defenses of projection, introjection, projective identifi cation, splitting, idealization, omnipotence, and denial. Depressive position is characterized by d epressive anxiety.

Implications to Nursing

The object relations theory helps understanding of children's behaviour and guides nursing practice. The theory provides conceptual model for practicing psychodynamic family.

Refrences 1. Psychiatry, Third Edition. Edrs. Allan Tasman, Jerald Kay, Jeffrey A. Lieberman, Michael B. First and Mario Maj.John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2008.