Completing the Square

I. Perfect Square Trinomials

Name_______________________

Complete each rectangular diagram so that it is a square, and then write the resulting quadratic equation in standard and factored form. The first one has been done for you. 1. x 4
standard form: factored form:

x x2 4x

4 4x 16

2. x

x x2 3x x2 + 6x + ( )( x = ___ =0 )=0 3x

3. x

x x2 5x x2 + 10x + ( )( x = ___ =0 )=0

5x

x2 + 8x + 16 = 0 ( x + 4 )( x + 4 ) = 0 x=-4

4.

x x2 7x 7x

5. x

x x2 -2x -2x

6.

x x2 1x 1x

standard form: factored form:

x2 + 14x + ( )( x = ___

=0 )=0

x2 - 4x + ( )(

=0 )=0

x2 + 2x + ( )( x = ___

=0 )=0

x = ___

7. In the table below, write each quadratic equation from problems 1-6 in standard form, and fill in the remaining columns with the indicated values. The first one has been done for you. # 1 2 3 4 5 6 ax2+ bx + c x2 + 8x + 16 = 0 b 8 4 c 16 How are the b values and the c values related?

________

II. Completing the Square 8. Sometimes you wont be able to factor a quadratic equation. Suppose you are given the following quadratic equation to solve. How would you do it? x2 + 8x 1 = 0

9. The quadratic equation from #8 has been solved using the method of completing the square. Write a verbal description of each step. Step 1 2 3 4 Equation x + 8x 1 = 0 x2 + 8x = 1 x2 + 8x + 16 = 1 + 16 (x + 4)(x + 4) = 17 (x + 4)2 = 17 5 6 x + 4= x = -4 { III. Practice Guided Practice Solve each quadratic equation by completing the square. Leave your answer in simplified radical form. 1. x2 + 6x 1 = 0 2. x2 + 10x - 9 = 0 3. x2 + 14x = 6 }
2

Description The original equation.

4. x - 4x 4 = 1

5. x + 2x 1 = 5

Challenge: 6. 5x2 - 20x - 10 = 0

Partner Practice Complete each problem with a partner. One person will solve each quadratic equation by completing the square, while the other will solve using the quadratic formula:

. Compare answers

once youve both completed the problem and then switch roles. Make sure to simplify radicals! Solve by completing the square 1. x2 + 4x + 1 = 0 Solve using the quadratic formula 1. x2 + 4x + 1 = 0

2. x2 + 6x + 2 = 0

2. x2 + 6x + 2 = 0

3. x2 8x = -2

3. x2 8x = -2

4. x2 12x - 24 = 0

4. x2 12x - 24 = 0

Individual Practice / Homework Solve each by completing the square. 1. x2 + 14x = -39 2. x2 + 10x 11 = 0

3. t2 + 18t = -79

4. p2 + 4p 12 = 0

5. 3x2 + 12x + 3 = 0 (Hint: Like #6 on Guided Practice)

6. 4x2 + 40x - 300 = 0

Explanation can be found at:

http://tinyurl.com/aoectw2

7. Jaime owns a business making decorative boxes to store jewelry, mementos, and other valuables. The function y = x2 + 50x + 1800 models the profit y that Jaime has made in month x for the first two years of his business. a) Write an equation representing the month in which Jaimes profit is $2400.

b) Use completing the square to find out in which month Jaimes profit is $2400.