Verbos irregulares

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Contenido

1 Clasificacin de los verbos irregulares o 1.1 Verbos invariables o 1.2 Verbos invariables en el pasado o 1.3 Verbos totalmente diferentes 2 Lista de verbos irregulares del ingles 3 Enlaces Externos

Clasificacin de los verbos irregulares

Estos verbos pueden ser clasificados en tres grandes grupos:

Verbos invariables
Es decir, verbos cuyos tiempos en pasado son iguales al infinitivo.

INFINITIVO (put) PRETRITO (put) PARTICIPIO PASADO (put) put: poner put: puse put: puesto

Infinitivo Pasado Participio bet burst cost bet burst cost bet burst cost apostar

Espaol

reventar, estallar costar

cut fit hit

cut fit hit

cut fit hit

cortar caber golpear

bid

bid

bid

pujar, pedir

cast

cast

cast

fundir, arrojar

forecast hurt knit

forecast forecast hurt knit hurt knit

prever, pronosticar daar, doler tejer

let put read shut spread

let put read shut spread

let put read shut spread

dejar, permitir poner leer cerrar esparcir, extender

outbid overbid

outbid

outbid

mejorar, pujar pujar, ofrecer demasiado

overbid overbid

quit set shed

quit set shed

quit set shed

abandonar, dejar situar, fijar quitarse, despojarse de, verter, derramar

shread

shread

shread

picar, desmenuzar, hacer tiras

slit

slit

slit

desgarrar, rajar

split sweat

split sweat

split sweat

hender, partir, agrietarse sudar

underbid underbid underbid ofrecer menos que

upset

upset

upset

volcar, trastornar

Verbos invariables en el pasado

Es decir, verbos cuyos tiempos en pasado y participio son iguales y diferente al infinitvo.

INFINITIVO (bring) PRETRITO (brought) PARTICIPIO PASADO (brought). bring: trae (To bring = traer ) brought: traje brought: trado.

Infinitivo Pasado Participio bend bent bent

Espaol torcer, doblar, encorvar

build burn creep

built burnt crept

built burnt crept

edificar quemar arrastrarse, gatear

deal

dealt

dealt

traficar

dream

dreamt dreamt

soar

dwell lean leap

dwelt leant leapt

dwelt leant leapt

habitar, residir apoyarse saltar

learn lend lose mean rend

learnt lent lost

learnt lent lost

aprender prestar perder significar, tener intencin rasgar

meant meant rent rent

send smell

sent smelt

sent smelt

enviar oler

spell spend spill

spelt spent spilt

spelt spent spilt

deletrear gastar derramar, verter

unbend

unbent unbent

aflojar, enderezar

Dentro de este mismo grupo pueden incluirse algunos verbos que aaden t para formar el pretrito y el participio pasado, pero que, adems, modifican su vocal tnica (aquella en la que recae el acento al pronunciarla). Entre estos verbos figuran los siguientes:

Infinitivo Pasado Participio feel keep felt kept felt kept

Espaol palpar, sentir guardar, mantener

knell leave meet sleep

knelt left met slept

knelt left met slept

arrodillarse dejar, partir encontrar dormir

sweep weep

swept swept wept wept

barrer llorar

Pueden incluirse en este grupo algunos verbos que como excepcin y adems de modificar su vocal tnica, forman el pasado terminando en d en lugar de t, como los siguientes:

Infinitivo Pasado Participio bleed feed flee bled fed fled bled fed fled sangrar

Espaol

alimentar, pacer hur

hear lead breed mislead

heard led bred

heard led bred

or conducir, guiar educar, criar, engendrar desorientar, inducir a error

misled misled

slide speed

slid sped

slid sped

resbalar, deslizarse acelerar

Verbos totalmente diferentes

Es decir, verbos cuyo infinitivo, pretrito y participio pasado se escribe y pronuncia de distinta forma.

INFINITIVO (break) PRETRITO (broke) PARTICIPIO PASADO (broken) break: romper broke: romp broken: roto

Verbos que forman el pretrito con ED y el participio pasado con N

Infinitivo Pasado Participio mow saw sew mowed mown sawed sawn sewed sewn

Espaol segar serruchar coser

show sow strew

showed shown sowed sown strewed strewn

mostrar, ensear sembrar esparcir

Verbos que forman el pretrito cambiando la vocal tnica y aadiendo N al pasado

Infinitivo Pasado shake take choose shook took chose

Participio shaken taken chosen

Espaol agitar, estremecerse tomar, coger elegir

drive ride stride

drove rode strode

driven ridden stridden

conducir cabalgar, montar andar a zancadas

write give grow

wrote gave grew

written given grown

escribir dar crecer, cultivar

know

knew

known

saber, conocer

rise

rose

risen

levantarse, salir el sol, remontarse

blow throw see

blew threw saw

blown trown seen

soplar tirar ver

bite hide draw forsake

bit hid drew forsook

bitten hidden drawn forsaken

morder esconder dibujar, arrastrar, atraer abandonar llegarle a algo (alcanzar)

overtake overtook overtaken

partake

partook

partaken

participar

undertake undertook undertaken emprender

arise

arose

arisen

surgir

overdrive overdrove overdriven excitar, apresurarse bestride bestrode bestridden montar a horcajadas.

override

overrode overriden

dominar, supeditar, pasar por encima

smite

smote

smitten

asolar, golpear

strive thrive fogive

strove throve forgave

striven thriven forgiven

esforzarse, disputar medrar, prosperar perdonar

misgive

misgave misgiven

hacer temer (o dudar), llenar de dudas

overthrow overthrew overtrhrown volcar, vencer slay foresee chide slew foresaw chid slain foreseen chidden matar, asesinar prever reir, regaar

overdraw overdrew overdrawn exagerar, girar en descubierto withdraw withdrew withdrawn retirar

Incluiremos en esta clasificacin aquellos verbos que modifican su vocal tnica en el pretrito y aaden "en" al infinitivo para formar su participio pasado. Son estos:

Infinitivo Pasado Participio Espaol eat ate eaten comer

forbid

forbade forbidden prohibir

befall

befell

befallen

acaecer

Verbos que forman el pretrito cambiando la vocal tnica y aaden al mismo "en" para formar el participio pasado

Infinitivo Pasado Participio break broke broken

Espaol romper

forget freeze speak steal

forgot froze spoke stole

forgotten frozen spoken stolen

olvidar helar hablar hurtar, robar

weave wake fall

wove woke fell

woven woken fallen

tejer, trenzar despertar caer

beat beget bespeak

beat begot

beatten begotten

golpear engendrar apalabrar, encomendar

bespoke bespoken

browbeat browbeat browbeaten intimidar

Verbos que solo aaden "n" para formar el participio pasado:

Infinitivo Pasado Participio lie swear lay swore lain sworn

Espaol echarse, tumbarse, yacer jurar

tear wear shear

tore wore shore

torn worn shorn

despedazar, desgarrar llevar puesto, usar esquilar

forswear forswore forsworn negar, perjurar, abjurar

Verbos que aaden NE para formar el participio pasado

Infinitivo Pasado Participio forbear forbore forborne

Espaol abstenerse, aguantar

do go bear

did went bore

done gone borne

hacer ir llevar, soportar

forego

forewent foregone ceder, abandonar, renunciar

outdo

outdid

outdone

sobrepasar, exceder

outgo overdo

outwent overdid

outgone

exceder, aventajar, adelantarse

overdone exagerar, exceder, extralimitarse

underdo underdid underdone hacer menos de lo debido, asar poco.

undergo underwent undergone sufrir (operacin, cambio, etc.) undo undid undone deshacer

Aadiremos a esta clasificacin tres verbos que nicamente modifican la vocal tnica en el pretrito siendo el participio pasado igual a su infinitivo.

Infinitivo Pasado Participio come become came became come become venir

Espaol

llegar a ser, hacerse

overcome overcame overcome vencer, triunfar

Verbos con los tres tiempos totalmente distintos Estos verbos nicamente cambian su vocal tnica por a para el pretrito y u para el participio pasado.

Infinitivo Pasado Participio begin began begun

Espaol empezar

drink

drank

drunk

beber

ring run shrink sing

rang ran

rung run

sonar correr encogerse cantar

shrank shrunk sang sung

sink spring stink swim outrun

sank

sunk

hundirse saltar, brotar apestar nadar adelantar, correr ms que

sprang sprung stank stunk

swam swum outran outrun

Verbos irregulares inclasificables

Infinitivo Pasado Participio

Espaol

be swell fly

was/were been swelled swollen flew flown

ser, estar hinchar, aumentar volar

tread

trod

trodden

pisar, hollar

Lista de verbos irregulares del ingles

Infinitivo Abide Arise Pasado Abode Arose Participio Abode Arisen Espaol Habitar, Soportar despertar

Awake Be Bear Beat

Awoke Was/were Bore Beat

Awaken Been Bore/Born Beaten

levantar Ser o Estar Llevar, Soportar (to be born -- nacer) Golpear

Become Begin Bend

Became Began Bent

Become Begun Bent

Llegar o Ser Empezar Doblar

Bereave Beseech Bet

Bereft/Bereaved Bereft/Bereaved Privar Besought Bet Besought Bet Suplicar (literario) Apostar

Bid

Babde

Bidden

Decir, rogar

Bid

Bid

Bid

Pujar, Ofertar

Bind Bite Bleed

Bound Bit Bled

Bound Bitten Bled

Atar/Unir Morder Sangrar

Blow Break Bring Build Burn

Blew Broke Brought Built Burnt/Burned

Blown Broken Brought Built Burnt/Burned

Soplar Romper Traer Construir Quemar

Burst Buy

Burst Bought

Burst Bought

Estallar Comprar

Cast Catch Chide

Cast Caught Chid

Cast Caught Chidden/chid

Tirar Coger o Agarrar Reprender

Choose

Chose

Chosen

Elegir

Cleave

Cleft

kleft

Hender

Cling Come Cost

Clung Came Cost

Clung Come Cost

Adherirse Venir Costar

Creep Cut Deal Dig Dive

Crept Cut Dealt Dug Dove

Crept Cut Dealt Dug Dived

Arrastrarse Cortar Tratar Cavar Sumergirse, zambullirse

Do Draw

Did Drew

Done Drawn

Hacer Dibujar

Dream Drink Drive

Dreamt/Dreamed Deamt/Dreamed Soar Drank Drove Drunk Driven Beber Conducir

Dwell

Dwelt

Dwelt

Residir

Eat

Ate

Eaten

Comer

Fall Feed Feel

Fell Fed Felt

Fallen Fed Felt

Caerse Alimentar Sentir

Fight Find Flee Fling Fly

Fought Found Fled Flung Flew

Fought Found Fled Flung Flown

Luchar Encontrar Huir Lanzar Volar

Forbid Forget

Forbad/Forbade Forbidden Forgot Forgotten

Prohibir Olvidar

Forgive Freeze Get

Forgave Froze Got

Forgiven Frozen Gotten

Perdonar Congelar Conseguir

Give

Gave

Given

Dar

Go

Went

Gone

Ir

Grind Grow Hang

Ground Grew Hung

Ground Grown Hung

Moler, triturar Crecer Colgar

Have Hear Hew Hide Hit

Had Heard Hewed Hid Hit

Had Heard Hewn Hidden Hit

Tener Oir Picar, labrar piedra (raro) Esconder Golpear

Hold Hurt

Held Hurt

Held Hurt

Sujetar Herir

Keep Kneel Knit

Kept Knelt Knit

Kept Knelt Knit

Guardar, mantener Arrodillarse Hacer Punto

Know

Knew

Known

Saber o Conocer

Lade

Laded

Laden

Cargar (raro, excepto participio)

Lay Lead Lead

Laid Led Led

Laid Led Led

Poner o Extender Dirigir Guiar

Lean Leap Learn Leave Lend

Leant Leapt Learnt Left Lent

Leant Leapt Learnt Left Lent

Apoyar(se) Saltar Aprender Dejar o Abandonar Prestar

Let Lie

Let Lay

Let Lain

Permitir Tumbarse

Lie Light Lose

Lied Lit Lost

Lied Lit Lost

Mentir Iluminar Perder

Make

Made

Made

Construir, hacer (cosas fsicas)

Mean

Meant

Meant

Significar

Meet Melt Mow

Met Melted Mowed

Met Molten/Melted Mown

Encontrase con alguien Derretir (metales) Segar

Pay Put Quit Read Rend

Paid Put Quit Read Rent

Paid Put Quit Read Rent

Pagar Poner Dejar, irse Leer Partir, despedazar

Rid Ride

Rid Rode

Rid Ridden

Librar Montar

Ring Rise Run

Rang Rose Ran

Rung Risen Run

Sonar, Tocar el timbre Elevar o Alzarse Correr

Saw

Sawed

Sawn

(a)serrar

Say

Said

Said

Decir

See Seek Sell

Saw Sought Sold

Seen Sought Sold

Ver Buscar Vender

Send Set Sew Shake Shear

Sent Set Sewed Shook Shore

Sent Set Sewn Shaken Shorn

Enviar Colocar Coser Sacudir, agitar Esquilar

Shed Shine

Shed Shone

Shed Shone

Brillar Brillar

Shoe Shoot Show

Shod Shot Showed

Shod Shot Shown

Herrar Disparar Mostrar

Shrink

Shrank

Shrunk/Shrunken encoger rehuir

Shut

Shut

Shut

cerrar

Sing Sink Sit

Sang Sank Sat

Sung Sunk Sat

Cantar Hundir(se) Sentarse

Slay Sleep Slide Sling Slink

Slew Slept Slid Slung Slunk

Slain Slept Slid Slung Slunk

Matar(literario) Dormir Deslizarse, resbalar Tirar (con honda) Escabullirse

Slit Smell

Slit Smelt

Slit Smelt

Rajar Oler

Smite Sow Speak

Smote Sowed Spoke

Smitten Sown Spoken

Golpear Sembrar Hablar

Speed

Sped

Sped

Acelerar

Spell

Spelt

Spelt

Deletrear

Spend Spill Spin

Spent Spilt Spun

Spent Spilt Spun

Gastar o Emplear Derramar Hilar,girar

Spit Split Spoil Spread Spring

Spat Split Spoilt Spread Sprang

Spat Split Spoilt Spread Sprung

Escupir Partir,Hender Estropear, mimar Esparcir Brotar, saltar

Stand Steal

Stood Stole

Stood Stolen

Estar o ponerse de pie Robar

Stick Sting Stink

Stuck Stung Stank

Stuck Stung Stunk

Pejar, fijar Picar Apestar

Strew

Strewed

Strewn

Esparcir, rociar

Stride

Strode

Stridden

Andar a zancadas

Strike String Strive

Struck Strung Strove

Struck/Striken Strung Striven

Golpear, atacar Encordar, templar un instrumento musical Esforzarse, ingenirselas

Swear Sweep Swell Swim Swing

Swore Swept Swelled Swam Swung

Sworn Swept

Jurar Barrer

Swollen/swelled Hincharse Swum Swung Nadar Balancearse

Take Teach

Took Taught

Taken Taught

Coger, llevar Ensear

Tear Tell Think

Tore Told Thought

Torn Told Thought

Rasgar Contar Pensar

Thive

Throve

Thriven

Florecer, prosperar

Throw

Threw

Thrown

Arrojar Tirar Botar

Thrust Tread

Thrust Trod

Thrust Trodden Understood

Meter, empujar insertar Pisar Entender

Understand Understood

Wake Wear Weave Weep Win

Woke Wore Wove Wept Won

Woken Worn Woven Wept Won

Despertarse Llevar puesto Tejer Sollozar Ganar

Wind Wring

Wound Wrung

Wound Wrung

Dar cuerda, enrollar Retorcer

Write

Wrote

Written

Escribir