ECET 2310 Laboratory Exercise 2 (Revised 5/22/00) Amplifier Frequency Response and Bode Plots

In this exercise you will investigate the frequency response of two general voltage amplifiers. An input shunt capacitance and an output series capacitance dominate the frequency response of each amplifier. You will theoretically investigate the two amplifiers and summarize their predicted responses by creating gain versus frequency plots. You then will measure the actual frequency responses utilizing amplifier circuits constructed on your protoboard and compare the actual responses to the predicted responses. Table 1 - Amplifier Values Value Amplifier A Amplifier B Avo = vo/vin 4.29 7.92 10 4.7 rs (k ) 56 56 rin (k ) 470 470 ro ( ) 33 5.6 RL (k ) Cin (nF) 1 10 Co (nF) 100 100

ro
+

Co

rs
+

Cin vin

rin

vo
-

RL

vL

vs
-

Figure 1
Procedure Part A. Preliminary Calculations 1. Preliminary calculations for amplifier A (a.) Use the amplifier circuit shown in Figure 1 and the component and gain values for amplifier A as given in Table 1 and determine the following: the lower cutoff frequency: f1 = ______________ the upper cutoff frequency: f2 = ______________ the midband gain: Avs(midband) = vL/vS (midband) = _____________

ECET 2310, Lab 2, page 2/4 (b.) Utilizing 4-cycle semilog graph paper and the data determined in Part A, 1 (a.), sketch the asymptotic (straight-line) plot that will approximate the frequency response plot [magnitude of vL/vS (in dB) versus frequency (in Hz)] of amplifier A for 10 Hz f 100 kHz. Note that an asymptotic plot of the frequency response of a system is often referred to as a Bode plot.

2. Preliminary calculations for amplifier B (a.) Use the amplifier circuit shown in Figure 1 and the component and gain values for amplifier B as given in Table 1 and determine the following: the lower cutoff frequency: f1 = ______________ the upper cutoff frequency: f2 = ______________ the midband gain: Avs(midband) = vL/vS (midband) = _____________ (b.) Complete Table 2. Table 2 - Predicted Frequency Response Results for Amplifier B Frequency Magnitude of Magnitude of (Hz) vL/vS vL/vS (dB) 10 25 50 100 250 500 1000 2500 5000 10000 25000 50000 100000 f1 f2

(c.) Utilizing 4-cycle semilog graph paper and the appropriate data in Table 2, draw a frequency response plot [magnitude of vL/vS (in dB) versus frequency (in Hz)] of amplifier B for 10 Hz f 100 kHz. (Note: this is not an asymptotic or straight-line plot)

ECET 2310, Lab 2, page 3/4 Part B. Performance of the practical amplifiers 1. Performance measurements for amplifier A (a.) Construct the amplifier circuit shown in Figure 2. Set rs = 10 k , Cin = 1 nF, R1 = 8.2 k and RL = 33 k . This will create an amplifier that will have component and gain values similar to those specified for amplifier A in Table 1. (b.) Adjust two power supply voltages, one to +15 V and one to 15 V as measured from a common ground. Connect the two supply voltages to the appropriate power supply pins on the 741 op-amp. Be sure that the polarity is correct and that both supplies share a common ground. Note that pin #1, pin #5 and pin #8 of the 741 op-amp are not connected in this circuit. (c.) Adjust a sinusoidal signal source to 1 Vpp , 1 kHz and connect it to the amplifier circuit as vS. (d.) Devise a procedure so that you can measure vL/vS of amplifier A over the frequency range of 10 Hz to 100 kHz. Since you will use this data to make a frequency response plot, it is suggested that you look at semilog graph paper and carefully consider at which frequencies data should be collected. A few measurements are sufficient for most of the amplifiers frequency response range, but be sure that you collect adequate data to accurately reproduce the amplifier's response in the critical regions near the cutoff frequencies. Measure and record the magnitude of vS and vL from 10 Hz to 100 kHz. Be sure to determine the actual cutoff frequencies and the associated phase shifts at the actual cutoff frequencies. (e.) Verify that your actual data for amplifier A agrees favorably with the predicted response. 2. Performance measurements for amplifier B (a.) Modify the amplifier circuit that you constructed in Part B, 1 (a.) by changing the values of rs, Cin, R1 and RL to the following: rs = 4.7 k , Cin = 10 nF, R1 = 3.9 k and RL = 5.6 k . This will create an amplifier that will have component and gain values similar to those specified for amplifier B in Table 1. (b.) Adapt your procedure from Part B, 1 (d.), and measure and record the magnitude of vS and vL from 10 Hz to 100 kHz for amplifier B. Be sure to determine the actual cutoff frequencies and the associated phase shifts at the actual cutoff frequencies. (c.) Verify that your actual data for amplifier B agrees favorably with the predicted response.
R1 R2 27 k +15 V
(2) (7)

rs vs Cin rin 56 k

(3)

LM741
(4)

(6)

ro 470

Co 100 nF vL RL

-15 V

Figure 2

ECET 2310, Lab 2, page 4/4

Calculations and Results 1. Utilizing the data obtained in Part B, 1 (d.), prepare a table that lists the actual magnitude of vL/vS, and the actual magnitude of vL/vS (in dB) versus frequency (in Hz) for amplifier A. 2. Prepare a graph, on one sheet of 4-cycle semilog graph paper, which shows both the predicted magnitude of vL/vS (in dB) versus frequency (in Hz) and the actual magnitude of vL/vS (in dB) versus frequency (in Hz) for amplifier A from 10 Hz to 100 kHz. 3. Compare the predicted and the actual responses of amplifier A. Specifically compare the midband gains, the cutoff frequencies and the response curves. Account for any differences. 4. Utilizing the data obtained in Part B, 2 (b.), prepare a table that lists the actual magnitude of vL/vS, and the actual magnitude of vL/vS (in dB) versus frequency (in Hz) for amplifier B. 5. Prepare a graph, on one sheet of 4-cycle semilog graph paper, which shows both the predicted magnitude of vL/vS (in dB) versus frequency (in Hz) and the actual magnitude of vL/vS (in dB) versus frequency (in Hz) for amplifier B from 10 Hz to 100 kHz. 6. Compare the predicted and the actual responses of amplifier B. Specifically compare the midband gains, the cutoff frequencies and the response curves. Account for any differences. 7. Describe how the close proximity of the cutoff frequencies affects the magnitude of the midband gain of amplifier B. 8. Is it appropriate to utilize a 5 Vpp, sinusoidal value for vs in Procedure Part B, 1 (d.) with amplifier A? Explain your answer. Is it appropriate to utilize a 5 Vpp, sinusoidal value for vs in Procedure Part B, 2 (b.) with amplifier B? Explain your answer.

Approved by _______________________

date ___________

Results due _______________

Formal Report ?

Yes

No

(revised 5/22/00 - WRH)