Sr#

Words
abate

Synonyms
diminish - reduce - decrease lessen - lower - subside

Meaning
(of something perceived as hostile or negative) Become less intense or widespread. Cause to become smaller or less intense. Combine or unite to form one organization or structure: "he amalgamated his company with another". Alloy (a metal) with mercury. Make (suffering, deficiency, or a problem) less severe

amalgamate

unite - merge - combine - join - consolidate - fuse - mix

alleviate

. relieve - mitigate - ease soothe - palliate - allay

4 5

alacrity aggregate

readiness - willingness eagerness noun. total - aggregation sum - whole adjective. total - overall collective verb. assemble - gather collect - accumulate amass

Brisk and cheerful readiness. Noun A whole formed by combining several (typically disparate) elements.

Adjective Formed or calculated by the combination of many separate units or items; total: "the aggregate amount of grants made".

Verb Form or group into a class or cluster. 6 aesthetic Esthetic artful, artistic, creative, Adjective Concerned with beauty or the appreciation of beauty.

esthetc, gorgeous,inventive Noun A set of principles underlying and guiding the work of a particular artist or artistic movement. 7 adulterate falsify - counterfeit - doctor forge - fake - debase Verb Render (something) poorer in quality by adding another substance, typically an inferior one. Warn or reprimand someone firmly. Advise or urge (someone) earnestly.

admonish

warn - caution - exhort reprimand - advise

abstemious

abstinent - temperate moderate - sober - sparing

Adjective Not self-indulgent, esp. when eating and drinking.

10

abscond

flee - escape - run away elope - get away

11

abeyance

Suspension discontinuation, dormancy, inactivity, intermission, latency, postponement, quiescence, recess, remission,

Verb Leave hurriedly and secretly, typically to avoid detection or arrest. (of someone on bail) Fail to surrender oneself for custody at the appointed time. A state of temporary disuse or suspension. The position of being without, or waiting for, an owner or claimant

suspension, temporarily deferred, waiting 12 aberrant abnormal - anomalous Departing from an accepted standard. Diverging from the normal type.

13

ambiguous

equivocal - vague - uncertain - doubtful - obscure

14

ambivalence

15 16

ameliorate anachronism

confusion dilemma, doubt, fluctuation, gingerliness ,haze, hesitancy, hesitation, iffiness,inconclusiveness, indecision, irresoluteness, muddle, quandary, tentativeness, uncertainty, unsureness improve - meliorate - better mend - amend - reform chronological error, metachronism, misdate, misplacement, postdate, prolepsis, solecism

Adjective (of language) Open to more than one interpretation; having a double meaning. Unclear or inexact because a choice between alternatives has not been made mixed feelings or emotions.

Make (something bad or unsatisfactory) better A thing belonging or appropriate to a period other than that in which it exists, esp. a thing that is conspicuously oldfashioned. An act of attributing a custom, event, or object to a period to which it does not belong. Comparable in certain respects, typically in a way that makes clearer the nature of the things compared. (of structures) Performing a similar function but having a different evolutionary origin, such as the wings of insects and birds.

17

analogous

similar - like - parallel - alike - analogical

18

anarchy

chaos - misrule - anarchism

A state of disorder due to absence or

nonrecognition of authority. Absence of government and absolute freedom of the individual, regarded as a political ideal. 19 20 21 anomalous antipathy apathy irregular - abnormal anomalistic - aberrant aversion - dislike repugnance - distaste repulsion indifference - unconcern torpor - listlessness pacify - calm - soothe mollify- placate - quieten Deviating from what is standard, normal, or expected A deep-seated feeling of dislike; aversion. Noun Lack of interest, enthusiasm, or concern. Pacify or placate (someone) by acceding to their demands. Relieve or satisfy (a demand or a feeling): "we give to charity because it appeases our guilt".

22

appease

23 24

apprise approbation

apprize - inform - notify advise - acquaint - instruct approval - sanction endorsement - assent indorsement

Inform or tell (someone). Noun Approval or praise: "the opera met with high approbation".

25

appropriate

adjective. proper - suitable Adjective Suitable or proper in the circumstances. fit - fitting apposite convenient Verb verb. assign - allocate Take (something) for one's own use, typically without the owner's permission. hard - difficult - laborious tough - toilsome - severe Adjective Involving or requiring strenuous effort; difficult and tiring.

26

arduous

27

artless

simple - naive - ingenuous unsophisticated - innocent

Without guile or deception. Without effort or pretentiousness; natural and simple: "an artless literary masterpiece".

29

ascetic

adjective. austere noun. hermit - anchoret

Adjective Characterized by severe self-discipline and abstention from all forms of indulgence, typically for religious reasons. Noun A person who practices such self-discipline.

30

assiduous

diligent - sedulous industrious - studious soothe - appease - allay pacify - mitigate - calm

31

assuage

32

attenuate

dilute - weaken - thin - reduce - extenuate - rarefy

Adjective Showing great care and perseverance: "she was assiduous in pointing out every feature". Verb Make (an unpleasant feeling) less intense: "the letter assuaged the fears of most members". Satisfy (an appetite or desire): "an opportunity occurred to assuage her desire for knowledge". Reduce the force, effect, or value of: "her intolerance was attenuated by an unexpected liberalism". Reduce the amplitude of (a signal, electric current, or other oscillation). Adjective Showing a willingness to take bold risks: "an audacious takeover". Showing an impudent lack of respect: "an audacious remark" Adjective Severe or strict in manner, attitude, or appearance: "an austere man with a puritanical outlook". (of living conditions or a way of life) Having no comforts or luxuries; harsh or ascetic. (of a country or region) Having selfgovernment. Acting independently or having the freedom to do so: "an autonomous committee of the school board".

33

audacious

bold - daring - hardy impudent - brave venturesome severe - stern - strict rigorous - stringent - rigid

34

austere

35

autonomous

self-governing - independent

36

aver

affirm - assert - allege avouch - claim - declare

Verb State or assert to be the case: "he averred that he was innocent of the allegations". Allege as a fact in support of a plea. Adjective So lacking in originality as to be obvious and boring. Adjective (of a person) Generous or doing good. Resulting in good.

37 38

banal beneficent

trite - commonplace hackneyed - trivial platitudinous charitable - beneficial benevolent - salutary

39

bolster

noun. pad - pillow - cushion Noun verb. support - uphold - back A long, thick pillow that is placed under other pillows for support. Verb Support or strengthen; prop up: "the fall in interest rates is starting to bolster confidence".

40

bombastic

41

boorish

aureate, balderdash, bigtalking, declamatory, euphuistic, flowery, full of hot air, fustian, grandiose, high-flown, highfalutin, histri onic, inflated, loudmouthed, magniloquent, orotund, ostentatious, overblown, ranting, rhapsodic, rhetorical, sonorous, stuffed s hirt, swollen, tumid,turgid, verbose, windbag, windy, wordy bad-mannered, barbaric, beari sh, cantankerous,churlish, cloddish, clodhopping, clownish, clumsy,coarse, countrified, gross, gruff, ill-bred, ill-mannered, i

ostentatiously lofty in style; "a man given to large talk"; "tumid political prose"

Ill-mannered and coarse and contemptible in behavior or appearance; "was boorish and insensitive"; "the loutish manners...

42

burgeon

43

burnish

mpolite, inurbane, loud, loutish, lowbred,oafish, ornery, out-of-line, out-oforder, provincial,rough, rude, rustic, swinish, tasteless, ugly ,uncivilized, uncouth, uncultured, uneducated, ungracious, unpoised, unpolished, unrefined, vulgar bud - sprout - germinate Verb Begin to grow or increase rapidly; flourish: "manufact demand". Put forth young shoots; bud. verb. polish - furbish - buff Verb Polish (something, esp. metal) by rubbing: gloss - glaze noun. polish - sheen - gloss "burnished armor". lustre - luster Noun The shine on a highly polished surface.

44

buttress

noun. support - prop - stay abutment - shore brace verb. support - bolster brace - underpin prop up - shore

Noun A projecting support of stone or brick built against a wall. Verb Provide (a building or structure) with projecting supports built against its walls : "a buttressed wall". Given to sudden and unaccountable changes of mood or behavior a severe scolding.

45 46

capricious castigation

whimsical - wayward - fickle - freakish - crotchety accusation, animadversion, arraignment, attack,attributio n, castigation, censure, charge, chiding,complaint, criticism, denunciation, depreciation, diatrib, disapprobation, disapproval, disfavor,disparagement, expostulation, exprobation, impeachment, implication, imputation, incrimination,

47

catalyst

inculpation, indictment, invective, objurgation, obloquy, opposition, rebuke, recrimination,remonstrance, reprehension, reprimand, reproach, reprobation, reproof, repudiation, slur, tirade catalyzer - accelerator

48

caustic

mordant - biting - acrid acrimonious - sharp - pungent

Noun A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing any permanent chemical change. A person or thing that precipitates an event. Adjective Able to burn or corrode organic tissue by chemical action. Noun A caustic substance.

49 50

chicanery coagulate

chicane - deceit clot - curdle - congeal thickens

51

coda

concluding speech, conclusio n, ending,finale, follow-up, peroration, postlud e, postscript,sequel, summation, swan song convincing - persuasive conclusive - potent proportional - proportionate commensurable - adequate

The use of trickery to achieve a political, financial, or legal purpose. Verb (of a fluid, esp. blood) Change to a solid or semisolid state. Cause (a fluid) to change to a solid or semisolid state: "epinephrine coagulates the blood". The concluding passage of a piece or movement, typically forming an addition to the basic structure. The concluding section of a dance, esp. of a pas de deux or the finale of a ballet in which the dancers parade before the audience. (of an argument or case) Clear, logical, and convincing. Adjective Corresponding in size or degree; in proportion.

52 53

cogent commensurate

54

compendium

summary - abstract - epitome

A collection of concise but detailed

- synopsis - abridgment

information about a particular subject. A collection of things, esp. one systematically gathered. Adjective Willing to please others; obliging; agreeable. Adjective Inclined to agree with others or obey rules, esp. to an excessive degree; acquiescent: "good-humored, eagerly compliant girls". Meeting or in accordance with rules or standards Adjective Intended or likely to placate or pacify: "a conciliatory approach". Verb Accept and allow (behavior that is considered morally wrong or offensive) to continue. Approve or sanction (something), esp. with reluctance.

55 56

complaisant compliant

obliging - polite accommodating - courteous affable yielding - accommodating complaisant - pliable

57

conciliatory

58

condone

Placatory , appeasing, assuaging, calm, civil, disarming, irenic, mollifying, pacific, peaceable, placating, placatory, propitiative, quiet, willing forgive - pardon - remit excuse - absolve - overlook

59 60

connoisseur contention

expert - judge - adept quarrel - strife - dispute argument - contest

An expert judge in matters of taste: "a connoisseur of music". Noun Heated disagreement. An assertion, esp. one maintained in argument.

61

contentious

quarrelsome - controversial moot - litigious repentant - penitent remorseful - regretful riddle - puzzle - enigma mystery

Causing or likely to cause an argument; controversial. Involving heated argument. Adjective Feeling or expressing remorse or penitence; affected by guilt Noun A confusing and difficult problem or question. A question asked for amusement,

62 63

contrite conundrum

typically one with a pun in its answer; a riddle.

64

converge

65

convoluted

assemble, coincide, combine, come together,concenter, concentrate, concur, encounte , enterin, focalize, focus, join, meet, merge, mingle, rally,unite convolute - intricate

Verb (of several people or things) Come together from different directions so as eventually to meet. Come from different directions and meet at (a place). Adjective (esp. of an argument, story, or sentence) Extremely complex and difficult to follow. Intricately folded, twisted, or coiled.

67

craven

cowardly - lily-livered recreant - chicken-hearted

Contemptibly lacking in courage; cowardly.

68

daunt

intimidate - cow - scare discourage - frighten

Verb Make (someone) feel intimidated or apprehensive.

69

decorum

decency - propriety - etiquette

Behavior in keeping with good taste and propriety. Etiquette.

70

default

71

deference

Absence blemish, blunder, dearth, defect,deficiency, delinquenc y, dereliction, disregard, error, fault, imperfection, inadequacy, insufficiency, lack,lapse, miss, neglect, nonpayment, offense,omission, overlooking , oversight, privation, shortcoming, slight, transgression, vice, weakness, wrongdoing respect - regard - esteem reverence - obeisance

Noun Failure to fulfill an obligation, esp. to repay a loan or appear in a court of law. Verb Fail to fulfill an obligation, esp. to repay a loan or to appear in a court of law: "some had defaulted on student loans".

Humble submission and respect.

72

delineate

describe - depict - sketch outline - picture

Describe or portray (something) precisely. Indicate the exact position of (a border or boundary).

73 74 75

denigrate deride derivative

blacken - slander - defame vilify - asperse - malign mock - ridicule - scoff - jeer taunt - sneer - gibe adjective. derived noun. derivation acquired, ancestral, caused, cognate, coming from, connate, copied, evolved, here ditary, imitative, inferential, inferred, not origin al, obtained, plagiaristic, plagiarized, procured, rehashed, secondary, secondhand, subordinate, uninventive,unoriginal dry - exsiccate - drain - parch - dry up - wither

Verb Criticize unfairly; disparage: "there is a tendency to denigrate the poor". Express contempt for; ridicule. Adjective (typically of an artist or work of art) Imitative of the work of another person, and usually disapproved of for that reason. Noun Something that is based on another source.

76

desiccate

Verb Remove the moisture from (something, esp. food), typically in order to preserve it. Lacking interest, passion, or energy.

77

desultory

incoherent - disconnected disjointed - rambling

Adjective Lacking a plan, purpose, or enthusiasm. (of conversation or speech) Going from one subject to another in a halfhearted way; unfocused: "desultory conversation".

78

deterrent

bridle, check, curb, defense, determent, discouragement, disincentive, hindrance, leash, obstacle, preventative, preventive, rein, shackle

A thing that discourages or is intended to discourage someone from some act. Able or intended to deter.

79

diatribe

80

dichotomy

abuse, castigation, denunciation, disputation ,invective, jeremiad, objection , onslaught, philippic,reviling, screed, stricture, tirade, vitupe ration difference, difference of opinion, disagreement, disunion, separation, split backwardness, bashfulness, constraint, doubt, fear, hesitation, humility, insecurity , meekness, modesty,mousine ss, reluctance, reserve, selfconsciousness,sheepishness, shyness, timidity, timidness ,timorousness, unassertivenes s verb. spread - disseminate propagate - disperse distribute adjective. diffusive diffused - prolix

A forceful and bitter verbal attack against someone or something.

81

diffidence

Noun A division or contrast between two things that are or are represented as being opposed or entirely different. Repeated branching into two equal parts. lack of self-confidence.

82

diffuse

Verb Spread or cause to spread over a wide area or among a large number of people. Adjective Spread out over a large area; not concentrated.

83

digression

84

dirge

85

disabuse

apostrophe, aside, deflection, departure, detour, difference, discursion, divagation, divergence,diversion, drifting, episode, excursion, excursus ,footnote, incident, note, obiter dictum, parenthesis ,rambling, variation, wandering chant, coronach, cry, death march, death song,elegy, funeral song, hymn, jeremiad, keen, lament, march, monody, requiem, threnody undeceive - disillusion

a message that departs from the main subject

Noun A lament for the dead, esp. one forming part of a funeral rite. A mournful song, piece of music, or poem. Verb

86 87 88

discerning discordant discredit

perspicacious - acute sagacious - shrewd penetrating dissonant - inconsistent verb. disgrace noun. disrepute - distrust shame - disgrace

Persuade (someone) that an idea or belief is mistaken: "he quickly disabused me of my belief". Having or showing good judgment. Adjective Disagreeing or incongruous. Characterized by quarreling and conflict Verb Harm the good reputation of (someone or something). Noun Loss or lack of reputation or respect.

89 90 91 92

discrepancy Discrete Disingenuous Disinterested

variance - difference disagreement - contradiction separate - detached - distinct abstract insincere - false - devious hollow-hearted indifferent - uninterested unconcerned - unselfish incoherent - desultory disconnected - rambling discharge - remove depreciate - belittle - decry underestimate different - dissimilar - unlike

A lack of compatibility or similarity between two or more facts Individually separate and distinct. Not candid or sincere, typically by pretending that one knows less about something than one really does. Not influenced by considerations of personal advantage. Having or feeling no interest in something. Lacking a coherent sequence or connection. Order or allow to leave; send away. Discharge from employment or office. Regard or represent as being of little worth. Adjective Essentially different in kind; not allowing comparison. Noun Things so unlike that there is no basis for comparison.

93 94 95 96

Disjointed Dismiss Disparage Disparate

97

Dissemble

dismantle - take apart -

Take (something) to pieces.

demount - dismount 98 Disseminate spread - diffuse - propagate broadcast - distribute

Translate (a program) from machine code into a symbolic language Spread or disperse (something, esp. information) widely. Spread throughout an organ or the body.

99

Dissolution

solution - resolution The closing down or dismissal of an disintegration - decomposition assembly, partnership, or official body. 1. The action or process of dissolving or being dissolved. discord - discordance disharmony - jar

100

Dissonance

Lack of harmony among musical notes. A tension or clash resulting from the combination of tw

101

Distend

swell - expand - dilate inflate - stretch - bloat distil - distillate

Cause (something) to swell by stretching it from inside. Swell out because of pressure from inside. Purify (a liquid) by vaporizing it, then condensing it by cooling the vapor, and collecting the resulting liquid. Make (something, esp. liquor or an essence) in this way.

102

Distill

104

Diverge

deviate - differ - digress - vary (of a road, route, or line) Separate from another route, esp. a main one, and go in a different direction. Develop in a different direction: "howler and spider monkeys diverged from a common ancestor". deprive - strip - undress unclothe - disrobe Deprive (someone) of power, rights, or possessions. Deprive (something) of a particular quality: "he has divested the original play of its charm". A piece of written, printed, or electronic matter that provides information or evidence or that serves as an official record.

105

Divest

106

Document

paper - deed - record - writing - act - instrument

Verb Record (something) in written, photographic, or other form: "the photographer spent years documenting the lives of miners". 107 Dormant inactive - idle - asleep sleeping - latent (of an animal) Having normal physical functions suspended or slowed down for a period of time; in or as if in a deep sleep. (of a plant or bud) Alive but not actively growing. 108 Dupe Verb. deceive - fool - cheat bamboozle - trick befool Noun. simpleton - fool - gull Verb Deceive; trick. Noun A victim of deception. Cheerful and full of energy: "she sounded ebullient and happy". (of liquid or matter) Boiling or agitated as if boiling: "misted and ebullient seas".

109

Ebullient

exuberant - boiling

110

Eclectic

111 112

Efficacy Effrontery

all-embracing, assorted, broad , catholic,dilettantish, diverse, diversified, heterogeneous, inclusive, liberal, many-sided, mingled, mixed ,multifarious, multiform, selective, universal, varied, wide-ranging effectiveness - efficiency effect - virtue impudence - impertinence cheek - insolence - nerve

Deriving ideas, style, or taste from a broad and diverse range of sources. Noun A person who derives ideas, style, or taste from a broad and diverse range of sources. The ability to produce a desired or intended result Noun Insolent or impertinent behavior: "had the effrontery to challenge the decision"

113

Elegy

lament - dirge

A poem of serious reflection, typically a lament for the dead. A piece of music in a mournful style Evoke or draw out (a response or fact) from someone by actions or questions: "their moves elicit exclamations of approval". Draw forth (something that is latent or potential) into existence: "war elicits all that is bad in us". Make (something) more attractive by the addition of decorative details or features: "blue silk embellished with golden embroidery". Make (a statement or story) more interesting or entertaining by adding extra details, esp. ones that are not true. Adjective Based on, concerned with, or verifiable by observation or experience rather than theory or pure logic. Match or surpass (a person or achievement), typically by imitation. Imitate.

114

Elicit

extract - educe

115

Embellish

adorn - beautify - decorate ornament - garnish - deck

116

Empirical

empiric - experiential experimental

117

Emulate

imitate - compete - rival - vie - mimic

118

Endemic

local, regional

Adjective (of a disease or condition) Regularly found among particular people or in a certain area.

Noun An endemic plant or animal. 119 Enervate Verb. enfeeble - weaken debilitate - unnerve emasculate Verb Cause (someone) to feel drained of energy.

Adjective. weak - nerveless

Adjective Lacking in energy or vitality.

120

Engender

generate - produce - cause beget - create - originate increase - heighten - augment - raise - magnify - up

Cause or give rise to (a feeling, situation, or condition). Beget (offspring). Verb Intensify, increase, or further improve the quality, value, or extent of Adjective Lasting for a very short time: "fashions are ephemeral". Noun An ephemeral plant.

121

Enhance

122

Ephemeral

transitory - transient momentary - short-lived

123 124 125 126 127 128

Equanimity Equivocate Erudite Esoteric Eulogy Euphemism

composure - calmness - poise - serenity - self-possession

129

Exacerbate

Mental calmness, composure, and evenness of temper, esp. in a difficult situation prevaricate Use ambiguous language so as to conceal the truth or avoid committing oneself. learned - scholarly - lettered - Having or showing great knowledge or wise learning occult - private - mystic Intended for or likely to be understood by only a small number of people with a specialized knowledge or interest. praise - panegyric - encomium A speech or piece of writing that praises - laudation - commendation someone or something highly, typically someone who has just died. circumlocution, delicacy, A mild or indirect word or expression for floridness, grandiloquence, one too harsh or blunt when referring to inflation, pomposity, pretense, something unpleasant or embarrassing. purism aggravate - irritate Verb exasperate - sharpen Make (a problem, bad situation, or negative feeling) worse.

130

Exculpate

exonerate - acquit - excuse justify - vindicate

Verb Show or declare that (someone) is not guilty of wrongdoing An urgent need or demand. (Mathematics) calculation of the value of a function outside the range of known values. Treating serious issues with deliberately inappropriate humor; flippant Make (an action or process) easy or easier. containing or based on a fallacy; "fallacious reasoning"; "an unsound argument"

131 132

Exigency Extrapolation

133 134 135

Facetious Facilitate Fallacious

136

Fatuous

exigence - requirement - need - emergency - demand calculation, computation, estimate, estimation, extrapolation , forecast, guess, prognostication, reckoning jocose - humorous - jocular waggish - comic - funny relieve - ease - alleviate simplify - lighten beguiling, deceiving, deceptiv e, deluding, delusive, delusory, erroneous, fictitious, fishy, fraudulent,illogical, illusory, incorrect, invalid, irrational, mad,misleading, mistaken, off , phony, reasonless, sophistic, sophistical, spurious, unfounded,ungrounded, unreal, unreasonable, unreasoned, unsound, untrue, way off foolish - goofy - witless idiotic

Silly and pointless.

137

Fawning

abject, adulatory, bootlicking, bowing, brownnosing, compliant, cowering, crawling , cringing, flattering,humble, ingratiating, kowtowing, mealy-mouthed,obsequious, parasitic, prostrate, scraping, s ervile, slavish, sniveling, spineless, submissive, subservient, sycophant, sycophantic

(of a deer) Produce young. (of a person) Give a servile display of exaggerated flattery or affection, typically in order to gain favor.

138

Felicitous

happy - apt - opportune appropriate - apposite - lucky fervour - ardour - ardor fervency - zeal - heat

Well chosen or suited to the circumstances. Pleasing and fortunate. Intense and passionate feeling.

139

Fervor

140

Flag

Noun. banner - standard ensign - colors colours Verb. droop - languish

A piece of cloth or similar material, typically oblong o or rope and used as the symbol or... A plant with sword-shaped leaves that grow from a rhi

Mark (an item) for attention or treatment in a specified (of a person) Become tired, weaker , or less enthusiastic.

142

Fledgling

fledgeling - nestling greenhorn

A young bird that has just fledged. A person or organization that is immature, inexperienc democracies of eastern Europe".

143 144

Flout Foment

mock - scoff - jeer - deride gibe - scorn - taunt instigate - incite - provoke

Openly disregard (a rule, law or convention): "these same companies still flout basic ethical practices". Verb Instigate or stir up (an undesirable or violent sentiment or course of action): "they accused him of fomenting political unrest". Prevent or obstruct (an anticipated event or action) by may forestall many diseases of aging". Act in advance of (someone) in order to prevent them from doing something.

145

Forestall

anticipate - prevent

146

Frugality

avarice, avariciousness, carefulness, conservation,

prudence in avoiding waste

147

Futile

economy, forehandedness, good management,miserlines s, moderation, niggardliness, parsimoniousness, parsimony, penuriousness,providence, prudence, saving, scrimping, stinginess,thrift, thriftiness vain - useless - unavailing fruitless - idle - nugatory

Adjective Incapable of producing any useful result; pointless. Deny or contradict (a fact or statement): "the impact of the railroads cannot be gainsaid". Speak against or oppose (someone).

148

Gainsay

deny - contradict - negate disavow - disclaim

149

Garrulous

talkative - loquacious voluble - gabby - chatty

Adjective Excessively talkative, esp. on trivial matters. Noun A spiked stick used for driving cattle. Verb Provoke or annoy (someone) so as to stimulate some action or reaction

150

Goad

Noun. spur - stimulus incentive - prod impulse - inducement Verb. incite - prod - spur stimulate - provoke impel

151

Gouge

Noun. chisel Verb. hollow out channel, cut, excavation, furrow, gash, hollow, notch, scoop, score, scratch, trench

A chisel with a concave blade, used in carpentry, sculpture, and surgery.

Make (a groove, hole, or indentation) with or as if with a gouge: "a channel gouged out by water". 152 Grandiloquent bombastic - pompous magniloquent - high-flown Adjective Pompous or extravagant in language, style,

or manner, esp. in a way that is intended to impress. 153 Gregarious sociable - social companionable ingenuous - artless - innocent - naive - honest - candid (of a person) Fond of company; sociable. (of animals) Living in flocks or loosely organized communities. Adjective Devoid of guile; innocent and without deception: "his face, once so open and guileless".

154

Guileless

155

Gullible

credulous - naive - trustful

Adjective Easily persuaded to believe something; credulous. Noun A lengthy and aggressive speech. Verb Lecture (someone) at length in an aggressive and critical manner. Of the same kind; alike. Consisting of parts all of the same kind Noun Exaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally Characterized by attack on established beliefs or institutions. Worship of idols. Extreme admiration, love, or reverence for something or someone: "idolatry of art".

156

Harangue

Noun. speech - allocution address - oration Verb. make a speech speechify

157

Homogeneous

uniform - similar

158

Hyperbole

exaggeration - hyperbola overstatement dissident, individualistic, irreverent, nonconforming, radical adoration - worship

159 160

Iconoclastic Idolatry

161

Immutable

invariable - unalterable constant - changeless

Adjective Unchanging over time or unable to be changed: "an immutable fact". Verb Weaken or damage (esp. a human faculty or function): "drug use that impairs job performance". Adjective Not feeling or showing emotion. Verb Delay or prevent (someone or something) by obstructing them; hinder. Adjective Not allowing fluid to pass through: "an impermeable membrane". Not liable to be affected by pain or distress; insusceptible or imperturbable: "women who appear impermeable to pain". Adjective Unable to be upset or excited; calm. Adjective Not allowing something to pass through; not penetrable. Unable to be affected by: "impervious to the heat". Adjective Unable to be placated. Relentless; unstoppable: "implacable advances". Adjective Implied though not plainly expressed: "implicit criticism". Essentially or very closely connected with;

162

Impair

damage - weaken - injure spoil - hurt - harm - mar

163 164

Impassive Impede

impassible - stolid insensitive - unfeeling hinder - hamper - obstruct prevent - encumber - inhibit

165

Impermeable

impervious - impenetrable waterproof - tight

166

Imperturbable

unruffled - calm - composed tranquil - cool impermeable - impenetrable

167

Impervious

168

Implacable

unrelenting - inexorable relentless - irreconcilable

169

Implicit

implied - absolute - tacit

always to be found in: "the values implicit in the school ethos" 170 Implode Explode Collapse or cause to collapse violently cave in, fall down, fall in, fold inward. , fold up Utter or pronounce (a consonant) with a sharp intake of air. heedlessly, negligently, rashly , recklessly inchoative - rudimentary unwittingly: without knowledge or intention; "he unwittingly deleted the references" Adjective Just begun and so not fully formed or developed; rudimentary: "a still inchoate democracy". the quality of disagreeing; being unsuitable and inappropriate Adjective Not important or significant. Verb Put or take in (something) as part of a whole; include. Contain or include (something) as part of a whole. Adjective Not certain, known, or established: "the date of manufacture is indeterminate". Left doubtful; vague.

171 172

Inadvertently Inchoate

173 174

Incongruity Inconsequential

difference, inappropriateness, inconsistency,mismatch inconsequent - insignificant inconsistent unite - include - combine merge - embody

175

Incorporate

176

Indeterminate

indefinite - vague undetermined - uncertain

177

Indigence destitution, penury

178

Indolent

lazy - idle - sluggish - slothful - supine - slack

A state of extreme poverty or destitution; "their indigence appalled him"; "a general state of need exists among the... Adjective Wanting to avoid activity or exertion; lazy. (of a disease condition) Causing little or no pain.

180

Inert

inactive - sluggish - indolent stagnant - passive

Adjective Lacking the ability or strength to move: "she lay inert in her bed". Lacking vigor: "an inert political system". (of a person or action) Innocent and unsuspecting.

181

Ingenuous

artless - naive - candid - frank - simple - guileless

182

Inherent

innate - inborn - native intrinsic

Adjective Existing in something as a permanent, essential, or characteristic attribute: "inherent dangers". Vested in (someone) as a right or privilege: "the presid Not harmful or offensive Adjective Without one's mental faculties, typically as a result of violence or intoxication; unconscious: "insensible with drink". (esp. of a body or bodily extremity) Numb; without feeling: "the insensible tip of the beak". Verb Suggest or hint (something negative) in an indirect and unpleasant way. Maneuver oneself into (a position of favor or office) by subtle manipulation: "she insinuated herself into management". Adjective Lacking flavor: "insipid coffee". Lacking vigor or interest: "insipid, shallow books".

183 184

Innocuous Insensible

innoxious - harmless inoffensive - innocent insensitive - unconscious senseless - insensate

185

Insinuate

hint - imply - suggest intimate

186

Insipid

tasteless - vapid - flat flavourless - flavorless

187

Insularity

bias, bigotry, insularity , intol erance, prejudice

Insulation: the state of being isolated or detached; "the insulation of England was

188

Intractable

stubborn - obstinate refractory

preserved by the English Channel". a mental restriction Adjective Hard to control or deal with. (of a person) Difficult; stubborn.

189

Intransigence

190

Inundate

adamancy, bullheadedness, contumacy, die-hardism, dogg edness, grimness, implacability, implacableness, incompliance , incompliancy,indomitability, inexorability, inexorableness,i nflexibility, inflexibleness, intransigency, mulishness, obduracy, obdurateness, obstinacy, perseverance, pertinacity, pigheadedness, relentlessness, remorselessness, rigidity, rigi dness flood - deluge - overflow swamp - submerge overwhelm

intransigency: the trait of being intransigent; stubbornly refusing to compromise

Verb Flood. Overwhelm (someone) with things or people to be dealt with: "we're inundated with complaints". Accustom (someone) to something, esp. something unpleasant. Come into operation; take effect: "a release given to one of two joint contractors inures to the benefit of both" Insulting, abusive, or highly critical language Adjective (of a person) Easily made angry. Characterized by or arising from anger. Showing or feeling hesitancy; uncertain. A planned route or journey.

191

Inured

acclimate, familiarize, habituate, harden, makeready, season, toughen, train

192 193

Invective Irascible

abuse - vituperation - insult irritable - quick-tempered short-tempered - testy indecisive - hesitant undecided - undetermined Route

194 195

Irresolute Itinerary

196

Laconic

beat, circuit, course, guide, guidebook, journey,line, outline, path, program, route, run, schedule, tour, way terse - concise - brief succinct - short - curt weariness - fatigue - languor tiredness - exhaustion hidden - secret - occult delitescent - ulterior

A travel document recording these.

Adjective (of a person, speech, or style of writing) Using very few words A state of physical or mental weariness; lack of energy. Of a quality or state) existing but not yet developed or manifest; hidden; concealed. (Of a bud, resting stage, etc.) Lying dormant or hidden until circumstances are suitable for development or manifestation. Verb Praise highly, esp. in a public context. Affected by lethargy; sluggish and apathetic: "I felt tired and a little lethargic". An embankment built to prevent the overflow of a river. A reception, in particular.

197 198

Lassitude Latent

199 200 201

Laud Lethargic Levee

praise - commend - eulogize glorify - extol - exalt sleepy - drowsy - torpid lethargical dike - embankment - dam jetty

202

Levity

frivolity - lightness flippancy - giddiness

Humor or frivolity, esp. the treatment of a serious matter with humor or in a manner lacking due respect.

203

Log

block - logbook - billet timber - logarithm

A part of the trunk or a large branch of a tree that has fallen or been cut off.

Enter (an incident or fact) in the log of a ship or aircraft or in another systematic record: "the red book where we log our calls".

204 205

Loquacious Lucid

talkative - garrulous - voluble - chatty - gabby clear - bright - pellucid - plain - perspicuous

Talkative. Expressed clearly; easy to understand: "a clear and lucid style". Showing ability to think clearly, esp. in the intervals between periods of confusion or insanity. Adjective Bright or shining, esp. in the dark. (of a person's complexion or eyes) Glowing with health, vigor, or a particular emotion: "her eyes were luminous with joy". Munificence: liberality in bestowing gifts; extremely liberal and generous of spirit. someone shirking their duty by feigning illness or incapacity (of a metal or other material) Able to be hammered or pressed permanently out of shape without breaking or cracking. Easily influenced; pliable.

206

Luminous

bright - shining - lucid radiant - clear - light

207 208 209

magnanimity chivalry, philanthropy malingerer malleable dodger, goof-off, idler, loafer, shirker pliable - pliant - supple flexible - yielding - ductile

210

maverick

bohemian, dissenter, extremist An unorthodox or independent-minded , malcontent, person. nonconformist, radical Adjective Unorthodox .

211

mendacious

deceitful, deceptive, duplicito us, equivocating,

Adjective Not telling the truth; lying: "mendacious propaganda".

212

metamorphosis

transformation transfiguration metamorphose - change

(in an insect or amphibian) The process of transformation from an immature

form to an adult form in two or more distinct stages. A change of the form or nature of a thing or person into a completely different one, by natural or supernatural means.

213 214 215

meticulous misanthrope mitigate

scrupulous - precise - nice punctilious - pernickety Misanthropist Egoist, hater palliate - alleviate - allay relieve - ease - soothe

Showing great attention to detail; very careful and precise. A person who dislikes humankind and avoids human society. Verb Make less severe, serious, or painful: "he wanted to mitigate misery in the world". Lessen the gravity of (an offense or mistake). Verb Appease the anger or anxiety of (someone). Reduce the severity of (something); soften. Sullen and ill-tempered Lacking interest or excitement; dull. Of this earthly world rather than a heavenly or spiritual one Nullify; make ineffective: "alcohol negates the effects of the drug". Make (a clause, sentence, or proposition) negative in meaning. A person who is new to a subject, skill, or belief. A new convert to a religion. Stubbornly refusing to change one's opinion or course of action. Obedient or attentive to an excessive or servile degree Remove (a need or difficulty): "the Venetian blinds obviated the need for curtains".

217

mollify

appease - soften - soothe pacify - allay - mitigate

218 219

morose mundane

sullen - gloomy - surly - sulky - glum - somber worldly - temporal - earthly secular - terrestrial deny - negative - disclaim gainsay - disavow

220

negate

221

neophyte

novice - tiro - tyro - beginner

222 223 224

obdurate obsequious obviate

obstinate - stubborn headstrong - dogged pertinacious servile - subservient - slavish - menial - fawning avoid - prevent - evade - avert - eliminate - preclude

Avoid; prevent: "a parachute can obviate disaster". 225 occlude block - obturate - obstruct close - clog - plug Stop, close up, or obstruct (an opening, orifice, or passage). Shut (something) in: "they occluded the waterfront with buildings" Assertive of authority in an annoyingly domineering way, esp. with regard to petty or trivial matters. Intrusively enthusiastic in offering help or advice; interfering

226

officious

meddlesome - obtrusive intrusive

227

onerous

burdensome - heavy - weighty (of a task, duty, or responsibility) - difficult - laborious Involving a burdensome amount of effort and difficulty. Involving heavy obligations shame - disgrace - dishonour - Harsh criticism or censure. dishonor - ignominy The public disgrace arising from someone's shameful conduct swing - sway - vibrate Move or swing back and forth at a regular fluctuate - wobble - waver speed: "a pendulum oscillates about its lowest point". Waver between extremes of opinion, action, or quality: "he was oscillating between fear and bravery". display - splurge - show vaunt model - pattern - example Vulgar display, esp. of wealth, to impress A person or thing regarded as a perfect example of a particular quality. A person or thing viewed as a model of excellence. Noun A strong supporter of a party, cause, or person. Adjective Prejudiced in favor of a particular cause.

228 229

opprobrium oscillate

230 231

ostentation paragon

232

partisan

Noun. follower - adherent supporter - guerrilla partizan Adjective. partial

233

pathological

morbid - pathologic

Of or relating to pathology.

Involving, caused by, or of the nature of a physical or mental disease 234 235 236 237 238 paucity pedantic penchant penury perennial scarcity - shortage - dearth lack - want - deficiency punctilious - donnish priggish - meticulous inclination - tendency leaning - liking - propensity poverty - want - destitution need - indigence perpetual - everlasting eternal - permanent The presence of something only in small or insufficient quantities or amounts; scarcity. Of or like a pedant. A strong or habitual liking for something or tendency to do something Extreme poverty; destitution.

Adjective Lasting or existing for a long or apparently infinite tim Noun A perennial plant. Deceitful and untrustworthy. Adjective (of an action or gesture) Carried out with a minimum of effort or reflection.

239 240

perfidious perfunctory

treacherous - traitorous unfaithful - disloyal superficial - cursory - shallow - skin-deep - sketchy

241 242

permeable pervasive

pervious - penetrable penetrating - penetrative

(of a material or membrane) Allowing liquids or gases to pass through it (esp. of an unwelcome influence or physical effect) Spreading widely throughout an area or a group of people.

243 244 245

phlegmatic piety placate

stolid - phlegmatical apathetic devoutness - godliness religiousness - devotion appease - pacify - soothe propitiate - mollify

(of a person) Having an unemotional and stolidly calm disposition. The quality of being religious or reverent. The quality of being dutiful. Make (someone) less angry or hostile.

246

plasticity

elasticity, flexibility, malleability, mobility, resilience

The quality of being easily shaped or molded. The adaptability of an organism to

changes in its environment or differences between its various habitats.

247

platitude

banality - commonplace triviality - cliche - triteness

A remark or statement, esp. one with a moral content, that has been used too often to be interesting or thoughtful. The quality of being dull, ordinary, or trite An excess of. An excess of a bodily fluid, particularly blood Verb Fall or drop straight down at high speed Noun A steep and rapid fall or drop. Adjective (of a rock or other material) Having minute holes through which liquid or air may pass. Not retentive or secure: "he ran through a porous defense to score easily". Dealing with things sensibly and realistically in a way that is based on practical rather than theoretical considerations. Relating to philosophical or political pragmatism. A preliminary or preparatory statement; an introduction. The introductory part of a statute or deed, stating its purpose, aims, and justification. Adjective Not securely held or in position; dangerously likely to fall or collapse. Dependent on chance; uncertain.

248

plethora

superabundance - glut

249

plummet

plumb - lead - weight

250

porous

spongy - poriferous - cellular

251

pragmatic

businesslike, commonsensical , down-to-earth,efficient, hard , hard-boiled, hardheaded, log ical,matter-of-fact, practical, r ealistic, sober,unidealistic, util itarian preface - introduction - proem - foreword - prelude

252

preamble

253

precarious

uncertain - insecure - dubious - doubtful - unsafe

255

precipitate

Verb. accelerate - hasten - quicken - expedite

Cause (an event situation, Adjective. hasty - precipitant - precipitous - rashor - sudden typically a precipitation bad one) to happen suddenly, Noun. sediment - deposit - residue - lees unexpectedly, or prematurely. Adjective Done, made, or acting suddenly or without careful consideration.

A substance precipitated from a solution.

256

precursor

forerunner - harbinger predecessor - herald

A person or thing that comes before another of the same kind; a forerunner. A substance from which another is formed, esp. by metabolic reaction. Adjective (of a person or their behavior) Failing to observe the limits of what is permitted or appropriate. Verb Speak or act in an evasive way: "he prevaricated when journalists asked questions". Adjective In its original condition; unspoiled. Clean and fresh as if new; spotless. Noun The quality of having strong moral principles; honesty and decency.

257

presumptuous

arrogant - presuming conceited - overweening insolent evade - equivocate - lie

258

prevaricate

259

pristine

primeval - primitive - original - ancient - primaeval

260

probity

honesty - integrity - rectitude - uprightness - sincerity

261

prodigal

Adjective- wasteful - spendthrift Adjective. lavish - profuse - extravagant Spending money or resources freely and Noun. spendthrift - waster - wastrel - spender - squanderer recklessly; wastefully extravagant. Noun

A person who spends money in a recklessly extravagant way. 262 profound Adjective Adjective. deep - thorough - sound a state, quality, or emotion) Noun. profundity - depth - deep(of - abyss - chasm Very great or intense. Noun The vast depth of the ocean or of the mind.

263

prohibitive

prohibitory - interdictory

Adjective (of a price or charge) Excessively high; difficult or impossible to pay. (esp. of a law or rule) Forbidding or restricting something.

264

proliferate

breed - propagate

Verb Increase rapidly in numbers; multiply: "magazines proliferated in the 1920s". (of a cell, structure, or organism) Reproduce rapidly.

265

propensity

inclination - tendency - leaning - Noun proclivity - bent An inclination or natural tendency to behave in a particular way.

266

propitiate

placate - appease - conciliate pacify - mollify

Verb Win or regain the favor of (a god, spirit, or person) by doing something that pleases them. The state or quality of conforming to conventionally accepted standards of behavior or morals. The details or rules of behavior considered correct: "she's a great one for the proprieties".

267

propriety

decency - decorum suitability - fitness

268 269

proscribe pungent

outlaw - ban - forbid prohibit - banish - interdict sharp - acrid - poignant biting - keen - hot - mordant

Forbid esp. by law. Denounce or condemn. Having a sharply strong taste or smell. (of comment, criticism, or humor) Having a sharp and caustic quality.

270

qualified

able, skillful capable

Verb Be entitled to a particular benefit or privilege by fulfilling a necessary condition: "we qualify for compensation". Become eligible for a competition or its final rounds, by reaching a certain standard or defeating a competitor. A slight objection or criticism: "the only quibble about this book is the price".

271

quibble

Noun. pun - quip Verb. equivocate

Argue or raise objections about a trivial matter: "they are always quibbling about the amount they are prepared to pay". 272 quiescent still - quiet - calm - tranquil placid - composed Adjective In a state or period of inactivity or dormancy: "strikes were headed by groups of workers who had previously been quiescent". (of air, esp. that at high altitudes) Containing less oxygen than usual. Esoterically distant from the lives and concerns of ordinary people: "rarefied rituals" Adjective Having an obstinately uncooperative attitude toward authority.

273

rarefied

rare - tenuous

274

recalcitrant

insubordinate - contumacious - refractory - disobedient

Noun A person with such an attitude 275 recant retract - disavow - renounce repudiate - withdraw

Say that one no longer holds an opinion or belief, esp. one considered heretical: "heretics were burned if they would not recant".

276

recluse

hermit - anchorite - solitary eremite - anchoret abstruse - obscure - secret deep obstinate - stubborn pertinacious - recalcitrant

Noun A person who lives a solitary life and tends to avoid other people Adjective (of a subject or knowledge) Little known; abstruse: "recondite information". Adjective Stubborn or unmanageable.

277

recondite

278

refractory

Noun A substance that is resistant to heat. 279 refute rebut - confute - disprove deny - negative - contradict banish - exile - deport verb. reprove - upbraid blame - rebuke reprehend - chide noun. reproof - rebuke shame - disgrace reprimand - blame Prove (a statement or theory) to be wrong or false; disprove. Prove that (someone) is wrong. Consign or dismiss to an inferior rank or position Verb Address (someone) in such a way as to express disapproval or disappointment.

280 281

relegate reproach

Noun The expression of disapproval or Disappointment.

282

reprobate

scoundrel - villain

Noun An unprincipled person (Often used humorously or affectionately).

Adjective Unprincipled (often used as a humorous or affectionate reproach).

283 284 285

repudiate rescind resolution

deny - reject - refuse renounce - disclaim - disavow cancel - revoke - abrogate repeal - annul - nullify decision - determination resolve - solution

Refuse to accept or be associated with. Deny the truth or validity of Revoke, cancel, or repeal (a law, order, or agreement). A firm decision to do or not to do something. A formal expression of opinion or intention agreed on by a legislative body, committee, or other formal meeting, typically after taking... Verb Settle or find a solution to (a problem, dispute, or contentious matter).

286

resolve

verb. decide - settle - solve determine - dissolve noun. resolution - decision determination purpose

Noun Firm determination to do something. 287 288 289 roticent reverent sage taciturn - reserved - silent uncommunicative respectful - deferential reverential wise - sapient - sagacious prudent - judicious Not revealing one's thoughts or feelings readily Feeling or showing deep and solemn respect: "a reverent silence". An aromatic plant (Salvia officinalis) of the mint family, with grayish-green leaves that are used as a culinary herb, native to... A profoundly wise man. Having, showing, or indicating profound wisdom.

290

salubrious

healthy - wholesome healthful - salutary - sound

Adjective Health-giving; healthy: "salubrious weather". (of a place) Pleasant; not run-down. Noun A threatened penalty for disobeying a law or rule.

291

sanction

noun. approval approbation endorsement authorization verb. approve confirm authorize - ratify affirm - endorse

Verb Give official permission or approval for (an action).

293 294

satiate saturate

saturated - replete

Satisfied to the full; satiated

verb. impregnate - soak satiate - drench - steep Verb imbue Cause (something) to become thoroughly soaked with liquid so that no more can adjective. saturated be absorbed.

Noun A saturated fat.

Adjective Saturated with moisture. 295 savor verb. savour - taste - relish smack noun. savour - flavour flavor - taste - relish smack Verb Taste (good food or drink) and enjoy it completely.

Noun A characteristic taste, flavor, or smell,

esp. a pleasant one. 296 secrete conceal - hide - excrete mask (of a cell, gland, or organ) Produce and discharge (a substance). Conceal; hide: "the assets had been secreted in Swiss bank accounts" A piece of broken ceramic, metal, glass, or rock, typically having sharp edges: "shards of glass flew in all directions". Noun A person inclined to question or doubt all accepted opinions. A person who doubts the truth of Christianity and other religions; an atheist or agnostic. Characterized by or showing interest or concern: "a solicitous inquiry". Eager or anxious to do something.

297

shard

sherd - potsherd

298

skeptic

sceptic - unbeliever

299

solicitous

anxious - careful - concerned - eager - uneasy

300

soporific

adjective. drowsy somniferous sleepy narcotic slumberous noun. narcotic - hypnotic - drug apparent, apparently right, be guiling, captious,casuistic, col orable, deceptive, delusive, empty,erroneous, fallacious, false, flattering, hollow, idle ,illogical, inaccurate, incorrect , likely, nugatory,ostensible, ostentatious, plausible, presumable, presumptive, pretentious, probable, seeming, sophistic, sophistical, sophisti cated, spurious

Adjective Tending to induce drowsiness or sleep.

Noun A drug or other agent of this kind.

301

specious

Superficially plausible, but actually wrong: "a specious argument". Misleading in appearance, esp. misleadingly attractive: "a specious appearance of novelty".

302

spectrum

,unsound, untrue, vain, wrong spectre - specter - ghost

A band of colors, as seen in a rainbow, produced by separation of the components of light by their different degrees of refraction... The entire range of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation.

303 304

sporadic stigma

occasional

305

stint

Adjective Occurring at irregular intervals or only in a few places; scattered or isolated. brand - stain - taint Noun A mark of disgrace associated with a particular circumstance, quality, or person: "the stigma of mental disorder". (in Christian tradition) Marks corresponding to those left on Jesus body by the Crucifixion, said to have been impressed by divine... Verb - skimp - scant verb. limit - restrict - scrimp - confine Supply an ungenerous or inadequate noun. limitation - restriction - restraint - confinement amount of (something): "stowage room hasn't been stinted".

Noun A person's fixed or allotted period of work : "his varied career included a stint as a magician". A small short-legged sandpiper (genus Calidris) of northern Eurasia and Alaska, with a brownish back and white underparts. 306 stipulate provide - condition Verb Demand or specify (a requirement), typically as part of a bargain or agreement: "he stipulated certain conditions before their marriage".

Adjective (of a leaf or plant) Having stipules.

307 308

stolid striated

phlegmatic - dull - impassive band, dapple, daub, fleck, marble, slash, smear, spot, strake, stripe, variegate, vein noun. prop - support shore - stanchion brace - swagger verb. swagger - prance

(of a person) Calm, dependable, and showing little emotion or animation. Mark with striae.

309

strut

Noun A rod or bar forming part of a framework and designed to resist compression.

Verb Walk with a stiff, erect, and apparently arrogant or conceited gait. 310 subpoena noun. summons - citation - writ verb. cite - summon

Noun A writ ordering a person to attend a court : "they were all under subpoena to appear".

Verb Summon (someone) with a subpoena. 311 subside sink - abate - fall - go down recede - settle prove - corroborate - confirm - verify - establish supplant - replace - substitute - displace Verb Become less intense, violent, or severe: "I'll wait until the storm subsides". Lapse into silence or inactivity. Verb Provide evidence to support or prove the truth of. Take the place of (a person or thing previously in authority or use); supplant: "the older models have now been superseded". An uncertain belief. Adjective Understood or implied without being stated.

312 313

substantiate supersede

314 315

supposition tacit

assumption - presumption surmise - guess - conjecture silent - implicit - mum - mute - implied

316

tangential

317

tenuous

digressive, divergent, divergin Of, relating to, or along a tangent: "a tangential line". g, extraneous, unrelated Diverging from a previous course or line; erratic: "tangential thoughts". thin - slender - slight - weak - Very weak or slight: "the tenuous link between interest rates and investment". flimsy - delicate - fine Very slender or fine; insubstantial: "a tenuous cloud".

318

tirade

319 320

torpor tortuous

anger, berating, censure, condemnation,denunciation, diatribe, dispute, fulmination, harangue, invective, jeremiad, lecture, malediction, philippic, ranting, revilement, screed, sermon,tongue-lashing, vitup eration torpidity - numbness - stupor lethargy - apathy winding - sinuous - devious serpentine - crooked docile - obedient manageable - amenable pliable

A long, angry speech of criticism or accusation: "a tirade of abuse".

Noun A state of physical or mental inactivity; Lethargy. Full of twists and turns. Excessively lengthy and complex: "a tortuous argument"

321

tractable

322

transgression

323

truculence

Adjective (of a person or animal) Easy to control or Influence. (of a situation or problem) Easy to deal with. breach, breaking of the law, the act of transgressing; the violation of a contravention, crime,defiance law or a duty or moral principle; "the boy , disobedience, encroachment, was punished for the transgressions of erring, error,fault, infraction, i his... nfringement, iniquity, lapse,m isdeed, misdemeanor, offense, overstepping, sin, slip, trespass, vice, wrong, wrongdoing aggression, aggressiveness, obstreperous and defiant aggressiveness attack, backbone, bellicoseness, bellicosity,

324 325 326 327 328

vacilleto venerate veracious verbose viable

belligerence, belligerency, boldness, combativeness, contentiousness,gameness, hardihood, mettle, militancy, pluck,pugnaciousness, pugnacity, resistance, spirit, truculency waver - wobble - hesitate oscillate - fluctuate revere - respect - honour honor - esteem - worship truthful - true - veridical wordy - prolix - voluble loquacious - garrulous applicable, doable, feasible, operable, possible,usable, within possibility, workable sticky - viscid - glutinous gluey - adhesive - gummy

Alternate or waver between different opinions or actions; be indecisive. Regard with great respect; revere. Adjective Speaking or representing the truth. Using or expressed in more words than are needed Capable of working successfully; feasible: "the proposed investment was economically viable". (of a seed or spore) Able to germinate. Having a thick, sticky consistency between solid and liquid; having a high viscosity Bitter and abusive.

329

viscous

330

vituperative

331

volatile

Abusive calumniating, castigating, cen sorious, contumelious, defamatory, derisive, disparaging, insolent, insulting, invective, libelous, maligning, obloquious, offensive,opprobrious, reproachful, reviling, rude, sarcastic, scathing, scolding, scurrilous, sharp-tongued, slanderous, traducing, upbraid ing, vilifying changeable - fickle Adjective (of a substance) Easily evaporated at inconstant normal temperatures.

Noun A volatile substance. 332 warranted allowable, allowed, assured, certified, guaranteed,justified , sanctioned, secured cautious - careful circumspect - chary prudent verb. wallow roll noun. confusion - muddle mess - jumble mix-up - chaos Justify or necessitate (a certain course of action). Officially affirm or guarantee. Adjective Feeling or showing caution about possible dangers or problems: "dogs are often wary of strangers". Move in a turbulent fashion.

333

wary

334

welter

Noun A large number of items in no order; a confused mass. Playfully quaint or fanciful, esp. in an appealing and amusing way. Acting or behaving in a capricious manner. A person who is fanatical and uncompromising in pursuit of their religious, political, or other ideals. A member of an ancient Jewish sect aiming at a world Jewish theocracy and resisting the Romans until ad 70.

335

whimsical

capricious - freakish - fanciful - odd - bizarre

336

zealot

fanatic - bigot - devotee