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Utilization of Annatto Seeds Extract (Bixa Orellana) in the Production of Organic Batik Dye

Introduction Background of the Study Nowadays, batik shirts are commonly sold quite

expensive in the local market. Despite of its artistic and unique designs, batik shirts are at the top of in demand fabrics of the fashion industry. Teenagers also crave for such fashionable shirts. Batik dyes are commonly expensive. The materials used in its manufacturing are usually imported from other

countries. Thus, the chemical components present from it, maybe dangerous or can harmful to humans especially to

children 3 years old below and to the environment. This erect shrub with large, glossy green, prominently veined leaves that can become a small tree several feet tall. It is grown as a garden ornamental less for its pale pink flowers, which last only one day, than for its highly decorative two-valve seed pods, covered with soft, deep red hairs. The seeds inside are surrounded by orange red arils, which yield a dye called Annatto that can be used in small quantities margarine; to the color dried lipstick seeds and food are like cheese and in

pods

also

effective

Organic flower arrangements.

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b. General Objective Generally, this study aims to determine the effect of Annatto Seeds Extract in the production of Batik Dyes.

c. Specific Objectives Specifically, questions: 1. What is the effect of using Annatto Seeds Extract in the production of Batik Dye? it sought to answer the following

2. What color is produced when using Annatto Seeds Extract in the production of Batik Dye?

3. Is there a difference in the color produced when Annatto Seeds Extract are used as Batik Dye?

d. Hypotheses Based on the problems presented, the following

hypotheses were assumed: 1. Annatto Seeds Extract does not have the ability produced color in terms of undergoing utilization. to

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2. There is no difference in terms of color produced by Annatto Seeds Extract when mixed with different amount of water (H2O)

3. Annatto Seeds Extract does not have enough consistency to be used as an Organic Batik Dye.

e. Significance of the Study Teenagers, housewives, t-shirts printing business and the fabric industry will completely benefit from study by having natural and readily dyes which absolutely cheaper. The result of the study will also encourage younger ones to appreciate the art of Batik and also housewives who can make their own business at home and earn without any stress.

f. Scope and Limitations of the Study This study is limited only to the use of Annatto Seeds in the production of Batik Dye. Four treatments were use in extracting color which will be added with different amount of water. The following treatments were as follows:

Treatment A - 20mL Annatto Seeds Extract + 2ml Rock Salt + 3mL Vinegar (PURE)

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Treatment B - 20mL Annatto Seeds Extract + 2ml Rock Salt + 3mL Vinegar + 25mL water (50% PURE and 50% H2O)

Treatment C - 20mL Annatto Seeds Extract + 2ml Rock Salt + 3mL Vinegar + 6mL water (75% PURE and 25% H2O)

Treatment D - 20mL Annatto Seeds Extract + 2ml Rock Salt + 3mL Vinegar + 75mL water (75% H2O and 25% PURE)

g. Definition of Terms Annatto sometimes called roucou or achiote, is derived from the seeds of the achiotetrees of tropical and subtropical regions around the world. The seeds are sourced to produce a carotenoid-based yellow to orange food coloring and flavor. Its scent is described as "slightly peppery with a hint of nutmeg" and flavor as "slightly nutty, sweet and peppery". (http://en..wikipedia.org/wiki/AnnattoEncyclopedia of Spices 2011)

Dye is generally

colored substance which in it is an aqueous

that

has

an affinity to The and dye is requires

the substrate to

being

applied.

applied

solution,

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a mordant to improve the fastness of the dye on the fiber. (http://enne.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dye- Balter M. 2009)

Batik is a cloth that is traditionally made using a manual waxresist dyeing technique. (http://enne.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batik2003) Doellah, H.Santosa.

Consistency a contradiction.

is

one

that

does

not

contain

(http://enne.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consistency- Stephen Kleene, 1952)

Utilization

is

the

primary

method

by

which

asset

performance is measured and business success determined. (http://enne.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utilization- Utilization is key to rental business)

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Review of Related Literature

Annatto

is

commonly as both

used a

in Latin coloring and

American and Caribbean cuisines

flavoring agent. Central and South American natives use the seeds to make body paint and lipstick. For this reason, the achiote is sometimes called the "lipstick-tree". Achiote originated in South America and has spread in popularity to many parts of Asia. It is also grown in other tropical or subtropical regions of the world, including Central

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America, Africa and Asia. The heart-shaped fruit are brown or reddish brown at maturity, and are covered with short, stiff hairs. When fully mature, the fruit splits open,

exposing the numerous dark red seeds. The fruit itself is not edible, however the orange-red pulp that covers the seed is used to produce a yellow to orange food coloring.
(http://enne.wikipedia.org/wiki/AnnattoSmith, James 2006)

Review of Related Studies Annatto, (Bixa orellana), tree native to the New World tropics and the only species of the family Bixaceae. Annatto grows up to 9 metres (30 feet) tall and has rosepink flowers about 5 cm (2 inches) wide and ovate leaves about 8 to 18 cm (3 to 7 inches) long. The brown fruits, about 5 cm (2 inches) long, yield a reddish or yellowish powder that is used in a dye for butter, cheese, and oleomargarine. The plant is cultivated in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. Annatto contains amino acids, calcium, iron and phosphorus, as well as vitamins B-2 and B-3. Annatto also contains beta-carotene and vitamin C, which are both potent antioxidants that help to prevent free-radical induced damage to your cells and DNA. In addition, annatto contains the phytochemicals cyanidin, ellagic acid, salicylic acid, saponins and tannins. Phytochemicals are compounds found naturally in plants that help to prevent and treat disease in humans. Annatto seeds and leaves have diuretic, antibacterial and astringent properties. (http://malaria.ws/annatto/- Divine Grace2011)

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Materials and Methods Materials The materials used in the study: 1 bundle of Annatto fruit, 12mL Vinegar, 8mL Salt, 103 mL Water.

Figure 1. Measuring device used in the conduct to the study

Tools The tools used in the study: mortar and pestle, beaker, wire gauze, kerosene lamp with tripod, measuring cup, medicine dropper and scissors.

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Figure 2. Tools used in the study. Procedural Design Experimental Design The completely Randomized Design (CRD) was used. General Procedure: Preparation of the Annatto Seeds Extract A bundle of Annatto Fruit was gathered and its seeds inside were scrape using a spoon. The seeds were placed in the mortar and pounded with The the pestle to was produce strained the to extract from the seeds. extract

separate the residue from its filtrate. The extract was placed in the beaker and boiled for 20 min. the salt, H2O and vinegar were added during boiling.

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Figure 3. A bundle of Annatto Fruit were gathered

Figure 4. The seeds were scraped and pounded.

Gathering of. the materials needed mixture

Figure 5. Filtering the

Figure 6. Boiling of extract while adding salt, H2O and vinegar

Preparing of the materials

Pounding of Seeds to get its extract

Boiling of the filtrate while adding water, salt and vinegar Recording the data using a piece of cotton cloth

Statistical tool The mean was computed to determine the difference among the three treatments.

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Results The following data are the results of this study.

Table 1- Consistency of Organic Batik Dye produced by the different treatments. RESULTS

TREATMENTS A B C D Legend: Consistency

CONSISTENCY 4 2 3 1

COLOR 1 3 2 4

4 VERY GOOD 3 GOOD 2 POOR 1 VERY POOR

COLOR

Discussion

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Table 1 shows that Treatment A got a very good consistency which can be equated to color scheme No. 4.

Conclusion and Recommendation

Conclusion After careful and thorough results, the researcher were following conclusion. analysis of the gathered able to come up with the

1. Annatto Seeds Extract have the ability to produced color in terms of undergoing utilization. 2. There is a difference in terms of color produced by Annatto Seeds Extract when mixed with different amount of water. 3. Annatto Seeds Extract have the enough consistency to be used as an Organic Batik Dye. Recommendation Though the researchers had proved that the Annatto

(Bixa Orellana) has a potential to be an Organic Batik Dye, the researchers recommended the following:

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1. Further study along this line for future studies of improvement of the organic liquid dye. 2. Determine the potential of Annatto Seeds Extract for other uses of it. 3. Have an application to my product Annatto Seeds Extract Dye to be an organic nail polish.

Bibliography Google.com (http://en..wikipedia.org/wiki/Annatto- Encyclopedia of Spices 2011) (http://enne.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dye- Balter M. 2009)

(http://enne.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batik- Doellah, H.Santosa. 2003)

(http://enne.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consistency- Stephen Kleene, 1952)

(http://enne.wikipedia.org/wiki/UtilizationUtilization is key to rental business)

(http://enne.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annatto2006)

Smith, James

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(http://malaria.ws/annatto/- Divine Grace2011)