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ASPEN Simulation
Scenarios-Based Tutorial 1 Physical Properties
Cheng-Liang Chen
LABORATORY
PSE
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Outline
Part 1:
Start-up ASPEN Plus Physical Properties of Pure Components (Benzene and Toulene) Binary Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium (Benzene and Toulene)
Part 2:
Distillation Short-cut Design: DSTWU (Benzene and Toulene) Rigorous Distillation Simulator: RadFrac
Ex: Benzene and Toluene Separation Ex: Propane and iso-Butane Separation
Part 3:
Simulation of Multicomponent Nonideal Systems
Ex: Methyl Acetate / Methanol / Water Ex: Ethanol Dehydration Ex: Heat-integrated Columns (Methanol / Water)
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Start Up
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Start Up
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Int. system units (SI); English eng. units (ENG); Metric eng. units (MET)
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References K.C. Chao and J.D. Seader, A General Correlation of Vapor-Liquid Equilibria in Hydrocarbon Mixtures, AIChE J., Vol. 7, (1961), p. 598.
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Temperature
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ln P
D =C+ T
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Hi Hi ,l ,ig Hi Hi ,s ,ig Hi Hi v ig Hm Hm l ig Hm Hm s ig Hm Hm ,v ,v Hi (p) Hi (p i) ,l ,l Hi (p) Hi (pi ) ,s ,s Hi (p) Hi (p i) ,v ,ig i i ,l ,ig i i ,s ,ig i i ig Gv m Gm ig Gl m Gm ig Gs m Gm ,v ,v i (p) i (p i) ,l ,l i (p) i (p i) ,s ,s i (p) i (pi ) ,v ,ig si si ,l ,ig si si ,s ,ig si si
,v
Vapor pure component molar enthalpy departure Liquid pure component molar enthalpy departure Solid pure component molar enthalpy departure Vapor mixture molar enthalpy departure Liquid mixture molar enthalpy departure Solid mixture molar enthalpy departure Vapor pure component molar enthalpy departure pressure correction Liquid pure component molar enthalpy departure pressure correction Solid pure component molar enthalpy departure pressure correction Vapor pure component molar Gibbs energy departure Liquid pure component molar Gibbs energy departure Solid pure component molar Gibbs energy departure Vapor mixture molar Gibbs energy departure Liquid mixture molar Gibbs energy departure Solid mixture molar Gibbs energy departure Vapor pure component molar Gibbs energy departure pressure correction Liquid pure component molar Gibbs energy departure pressure correction Solid pure component molar Gibbs energy departure pressure correction Vapor pure component molar entropy departure Liquid pure component molar entropy departure Solid pure component molar entropy departure
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Default values are zero for C3i, . . . , C8i; 1000 for C9i
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+ A pure component equation of state model calculates: PHIL,PHIV,DHL,DHV,DGL,DGV,DSL,DSV,VL,VV ++ A mixture equation of state model calculates: PHILMX,PHIVMX,DHLMX,DHVMX,DGLMX,DGVMX,DSLMX,DSVMX,VLMX,VVMX +++ DHLMX,DHVMX,DGLMX,DGVMX,DSLMX,DSVMX,VLMX,VVMX
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+ A pure component equation of state model calculates: PHIL,PHIV,DHL,DHV,DGL,DGV,DSL,DSV,VL,VV ++ A mixture equation of state model calculates: PHILMX,PHIVMX,DHLMX,DHVMX,DGLMX,DGVMX,DSLMX,DSVMX,VLMX,VVMX +++ DHLMX,DHVMX,DGLMX,DGVMX,DSLMX,DSVMX,VLMX,VVMX
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+ A pure component equation of state model calculates: PHIL,PHIV,DHL,DHV,DGL,DGV,DSL,DSV,VL,VV ++ A mixture equation of state model calculates: PHILMX,PHIVMX,DHLMX,DHVMX,DGLMX,DGVMX,DSLMX,DSVMX,VLMX,VVMX +++ DHLMX,DHVMX,DGLMX,DGVMX,DSLMX,DSVMX,VLMX,VVMX
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Phase Diagram
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Vapor Pressure
Vapor pressure is a physical property of a pure chemical component. It is the pressure that a pure component exerts at a given temperature when both liquid and vapor phases are present. Vapor pressure depends only on temperature. Figure 1.1a gives vapor pressure curves for benzene and toluene. ( P S : mmHg; [T ] : Kelvin)
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Vapor Pressure
Vapor pressure is a physical property of a pure chemical component. It is the pressure that a pure component exerts at a given temperature when both liquid and vapor phases are present. Vapor pressure depends only on temperature. Figure 1.1a gives vapor pressure curves for benzene and toluene. ( P S : mmHg; [T ] : Kelvin)
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VLE Nonideality
Liquid-phase ideality (activity coecients j = 1) occurs only when the components are quite similar. The benzene/toluene system is a common example. If components are dissimilar, nonideal behavior occurs. Consider a mixture of methanol and water. Water is very polar. Methanol is polar on the OH end of the molecule, but the CH3 end is nonpolar. This results in some nonideality.
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VLE Nonideality
Consider a mixture of ethanol and water. The CH3-CH2 end of the ethanol molecule is more nonpolar than the CH3 end of methanol.
Note that the activity coecient of ethanol at the x = 0 end (pure water) is very large (EtOH = 6.75) and also that the xy curve crosses the 45o line (x = y ) at 90 mol% ethanol. This indicates the presence of an azeotrope. Note also that the temperature at the azeotrope (351.0 K) is lower than the boiling point of ethanol (351.5 K).
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VLE Nonideality
The ethanol/water azeotrope is a minimum-boiling homogeneous azeotrope. Step 1: Setup Property Analysis, Property Estimation (UNIFAC)
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VLE Nonideality
The ethanol/water azeotrope is a minimum-boiling homogeneous azeotrope. Step 2: Components Specication (nd Water and Ethanol)
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VLE Nonideality
The ethanol/water azeotrope is a minimum-boiling homogeneous azeotrope. Step 3: Tools Conceptual Design Azeotrope Search
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VLE Nonideality
The ethanol/water azeotrope is a minimum-boiling homogeneous azeotrope. Step 4: Azeotrope Report
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