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TECHNOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT AT GOVERNMENT LEVEL Electronic government: The term "Electronic Government" in a broad sense describes the use

of new information and communication technologies (ICT) to support the workings of governments and public administrations. Usually there are three main effects expected: Better and more efficient services to businesses and to citizens Greater efficiency and openness of government administration, and Cost savings for the taxpayer 21st century is considered to be the age of information. Internet seems to have shrunk the globe into a small village. The prime objective of eGovernance is to provide information to people at their doorstep. With this in mind, the Government has initiated the Mission Mode Project. Computerisation of various departments of the State and Central government and setting up of government websites in regional languages are part of this project. Through this portal the scientific advances in terms of information technology will be accessed by rural communities and utilised by them. The schemes and policies of the Government for the people is now made available in many Indian languages. This would reduce the wastages of time and money for the people who make umpteen rounds of visits to government offices for the most basic information about the most basic needs, which otherwise are out of access because of the information gap. National e-Governance Plan (NeGP): The Government approved the National e-Governance Plan, comprising of 27 Mission Mode Projects (MMPs) and 8 components on May 18, 2006. The Government has accorded approval to the vision, approach, strategy, key components and implementation framework for the NeGP. However, the approval of the NeGP does not constitute a financial approval for all the Mission Mode Projects (MMPs) and components under it. The existing/ ongoing projects in the MMP category, being implemented by various Central Ministries/ State Departments/ States would be suitably augmented/enhanced to align them with the objectives of NeGP. Importance of E-Governance E-Governance can transform citizen services, provide access to information to empower citizens, enable their participation in government and enable access to economic and social opportunities. ICT tools (Information and Communication Technology) are effectively adding new dimensions to old institutional set-ups. There is a reinforced thrust for an informed and participatory citizenry for efficient e-Governance. It goes without saying that impact of ICT on institutional changes is spreading across the boundaries of social and political arrangements of societies. E-Governance uses Information and Communication Technology (ICT) for delivering Government Services, exchange of information, communication transactions, integrating various stand-alone systems and services between Government and Citizens (G2C), Government and Business (G2B) as well as back office processes and interactions within the entire Government frame work.

Through the e-Governance, the Government services will be made available to the citizens in a convenient, efficient and transparent manner. Government employees are being trained on technology and ICT. The aim is to make them responsive via the technology driven administration.

E - Governance seeks to achieve (i) Efficiency (ii) Transparency (iii) Citizen's participation Enabling e-governance through ICT contributes to (i) Good governance (ii) Trust and Accountability (iii) Citizen's awareness and empowerment (iv) Citizen's welfare (v) Democracy (vi)Nation's economic growth e-Governance: Focus (i) Greater attention to improve service delivery mechanism (ii) Enhancing the efficiency of production (iii) Emphasis upon the wider access of information State Wide Area Network (SWAN): State Wide Area Network (SWAN) is an ambitious programme of Government of India to provide network connectivity of 2Mbps up to block level in all states and union territories to connect all 7442 Point of Presence (PoP). The block level nodes in turn, will have a provision to extend connectivity further to the village level using contemporary wireless technology. This programme has been started with an estimated outlay of Rs 3,334 crore in March 2005 under the National eGovernance Plan (NeGP) and has planned to implement across the country within a period of five years by 2010. NeGP vision: Make all Government services accessible to the common man in his locality, through common service delivery outlets and ensure efficiency, transparency & reliability of such services at affordable costs to realise the basic needs of the common man NeGP Approval: The Government approved the National e-Governance Plan (NeGP), comprising of 27 Mission Mode Projects (MMPs) and 8 components, on May 18, 2006. The Government has accorded approval to the vision, approach, strategy, key components and implementation framework for the NeGP. However, the approval of the NeGP does not constitute a financial approval for all the MMPs and components under it. The existing/ongoing projects in the MMP category, being implemented by various Central Ministries/State departments/ States would be suitably enhanced to align them with the objectives of NeGP.

E-Governance initiatives across the country: Over the past decade or so, there have been islands of e-Governance initiatives in the country at the National, State, district and even block level. Some of them have been highly successful and are ready for replication across other States. Experiences from successes as well as the failures of the various initiatives played an important role in shaping the e governance strategy of the country. The basic lessons that emerged from the various e-Governance initiatives were: Need for political ownership at the highest level and a national vision for e-Governance for successful implementation of the programme; A dedicated /team with a stable tenure from within the organisation to conceptualise and implement the programme down the line; New areas of public-private partnership in making e-Governance possible should be continuously explored; Defined architecture, standards and policies addressing issues of security, privacy, etc.; An urgent need to develop the basic core and support infrastructure for e- Governance such as Data Centres, Wide Area Networks and the physical access points for delivery of government services, which would be common to all departments and where services could be delivered at the doorstep of the citizen in an integrated manner; Need to start with small pilots before scaling-up, as IT projects take a long time to implement and often there are modifications to be incorporated along the way; and Issues of re-engineering and management of change are of paramount importance in comparison to technical issues associated with eGovernance Hence, there was a felt need for taking a holistic view towards the entire eGovernance initiative across the country. Increasingly , it was perceived that if e Governance was to be speeded up across the various arms of government at the national , state and local government level, a programme approach would need to be adopted, which must be guided by a common vision, strategy and approach to objectives. This approach would have the added advantage of enabling huge savings in cost, in terms of sharing the core and support infrastructure, enable interoperability through standards etc, which would result in the citizen having a seamless view of Government. With this background, the National e-Governance Plan (NeGP) was formulated by the Government, for implementation across the country.

The existing/ ongoing projects in the MMP category, being implemented by various Central Ministries/Departments/States are to be suitably augmented/ modified to align them with the objectives of NeGP. For major projects like Bharat Nirman, Rural Employment Guarantee Schemes, the line Ministry concerned is to make use of e-Governance as also automation techniques from the inception stage.States have been given flexibility to identify a few additional state-specific projects (not exceeding 5), which are very relevant for the economic development of the State. In cases where Central Assistance is required, such inclusions will be considered on the advice of the concerned line Ministries/Departments. Public Private Partnerships would be promoted wherever feasible to enlarge the resource pool without compromising on the security aspects and for this purpose; the Parliamentary Standing Committee's recommendation listed at 12(c) of Annexure-III would be the guiding factor. Adoption of unique identification codes for Citizen, Business and Property will be promoted to facilitate integration and avoid ambiguity. Implementation Framework: Considering the multiplicity of agencies involved in the implementation of NeGP and the need for overall aggregation and integration at the national level, it has been decided to implement NeGP as a programme, with welldefined roles & responsibilities of each agency involved, and to create an appropriate programme management structure. For the effective management of the NeGP, a programme management structure with welldefined roles and responsibilities has been approved. The Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs (CCEA) for programme level policy decisions. A body under the Chairpersonship of Prime Minister has been constituted with representation drawn from relevant Ministries/ Departments, the National Knowledge Commission, the Planning Commission, experts, etc., to provide leadership, prescribe deliverables and milestones, and monitor periodically the implementation of the NeGP. State Governments are responsible for implementing State Sector MMPs, under the

overall guidance of respective Line Ministries, in cases where Central Assistance is also required. An Apex Committee has been constituted at the State level headed by the Chief Secretary with a similar role and responsibility to the Apex Committee at the centre. DIT is the facilitator and catalyst for the implementation of NeGP and is tasked with providing assistance to the Departments & also serves as the secretariat to the Apex Committee and assists it in managing the programme. Central Mission Mode Projects (MMPs): Banking The evolution of Core Banking Technology in India has empowered and transformed customer of the branch to the customer of the bank providing him/her the convenience of anytime and anywhere banking in India. The present stage of core banking limits anywhere / anytime operations to within the bank. The integration of core banking solutions of various banks will bring in operational efficiency, online fund settlement; reduce inter-bank clearing transactions; reduce time & effort involved in handling clearing transactions and their settlement thereby facilitating improved customer service & customer satisfaction; improved regulatory compliance; improved cash & fund management; standardisation of processes across the banks and improved Management information system. One of the main utilities can be Electronic mode of payments using Smart Card and Point of Sale Terminals as a viable alternative to paper based Cash Transactions of small value (micro payments) that will reduce the circulation of cash. Central Excise (Customs & Service Tax): The Central Board for Excise and Customs (CBEC) is implementing this MMP with a view to facilitate trade and industry by streamlining and simplifying Customs & Excise processes and helping Indian businesses to enhance its competitiveness and create a climate for voluntary compliance by providing guidance and building mutual trust. This project intends to enable the taxpayers with up to date information relating to Customs, Central Excise, Service Tax Laws, forms etc. through internet. It will also enable online transaction, electronic filing, and web tracking of documents and even electronic credit of the drawback amount directly into their account. The project aims to network 20,000 users in 245 cities using wide area network. Some of the services proposed to be covered in the MMP are: Simplification of Registration, Returns, Revenue reconciliation and Exports procedure Movement towards integration of goods and service taxation E-Registration for excise and service tax E-filing of returns and refunds Integration of e-filing with system driven, Risk based Scrutiny Export facilitation through linkages between Excise and Customs Improved Dispute Resolution Mechanism Monitoring of arrears and their recovery Central Excise Revenue Reconciliation Central Board of Excise and Customs (CBEC)

Income Tax The Department of IT is implementing a comprehensive plan to deploy ICT for setting up an excellent taxpayer service with the objective of promoting remote access to information and facilities to allow taxpayers and citizens to transact all businesses with department on anywhere anytime basis. These include creation of national database, data centres, jurisdiction free filing of returns, online status of accounts and refunds. Some of the services proposed to be covered in the MMP are: Submission of returns online Tax Accounting Processing of tax return Processing of TDS return Taxpayer grievance redressal Taxpayer correspondence Tax compliance Allocation of PAN Insurance With a view to improve services to customers in the General Insurance sector, this MMP has been conceived. The objectives of the MMP are: To facilitate customer service through education, information, speedy processing of claims and online issuance of policies on web To provide automated grievance reporting and redressal facility to customers To create and enlarge business opportunities To create holistic database of insurance users, To integrate insurance database with other government database to analyse social security aspects and facilitate service delivery The project is proposed to be implemented through the four PSU Insurance companies. Services: Online forms filling e-payment of charges company registration services e-filing statutory returns issuance of Director Indentification Numbers (DIN) The Ministry of Company Affairs (MCA) is implementing an e-Governance initiative called MCA21 e-Governance Project'. The Project offers availability of all MCA services including filing of documents, registration of companies and public access to corporate information through a secure portal http://www.mca.gov.in the portal services can be accessed/ availed from anywhere, at any time that best suits the corporate entities, professionals and the public at large. The objective of the e-Governance program is to improve the speed and certainty in the delivery of MCA services. This improvement is primarily ensured through the mechanism of secure electronic filing (e-filing) and easy online payment options for all the services provided by the Registrar of

Companies. Use of Digital Signatures has been mandated to carry out e-filing in conformity with the Information Technology Act, 2000. The solution architecture provides for setting up of Registrars' Front Offices (RFOs) as facilitation centres at 52 locations through out the country. These facilitation centres have been set up to provide complete range of services for e-filing of documents to the stakeholders who do not have the necessary computing/ IT infrastructure or capability to use the same for e-filing from their own locations. Recognising the need for greater outreach for facilitation in e-filing, the Ministry has introduced a scheme of Certified Filing Centres (CFC)' wherein the practising professionals (Chartered Accountants, Company Secretaries and Cost Accountants) have been authorised to set up the CFCs and provide services to the stakeholders on a user charge basis. The project has been rolled-out at all the 20 ROCs locations and more than 30 lakh users have visited and availed the services from the portal since its pilot operations from 18.02.2006. The MCA21 Project has been awarded the Dataquest IT Path-breaker Award, 2006 , and recognized as a major Government initiative in the field of eGovernance, with use of technology for improving and changing the existing processes, and making life easier for India's business community, investors and aspiring entrepreneurs. National Citizen Database (NCD/MNIC)/ UNIQUE ID (UID) NCD/MNIC: Recently, the first lot of 45 Smart Cards has been issued to Residents of Pooth Khurd, Narela, Delhi.The pilot project has been under implementation since Nov'03 in selected areas of 12 states and 1 UT, encompassing a population of 30.96 lakh. Pilot has reached the stage of distribution of cards. The pilot project has 20 local service centres at the tehsil /block level on a fee based PPP model for providing services to the citizens for updating and maintaining citizen database at local level. UNIQUE ID (UID): UID process study recommendations have been presented to the Process Committee (Planning Commission) on 27th April. 'Proof of Concept' (PoC) to establish linkage between partner databases such as RD, PDS and EPIC has been initiated by the DIT as per the directions of the Process Committee. POC being carried out in 3 Gram Panchayats. Project UID, a Planning Commission initiative, proposes to Initially create a central database of residents above the age of 18 years , and Generate a unique identification number (UID) for all such residents. This UID is intended to be used in the first instance, as the basis for efficient delivery of various social and welfare services to persons below the poverty line (BPL). Unique ID can be used as the basis for identifying and authenticating a person's entitlement to government services and benefits through a single system rather than all government departments individually and independently investing in creating infrastructure, systems and procedures for verifying entitlement of residents under various schemes of the Government. To this end, the project envisages provision of linking of existing databases, as well as providing for future additions, to the fields of content to the database, by the user agencies.

One of the key advantages envisaged as an outcome of the project is that the Unique ID will be helpful in reducing identity related fraud and allow only targeted people to get the benefits from the government. The Planning Commission initiative with a focus on reaching the social sector benefits to the beneficiaries more efficiently and effectively is being steered by the DIT, as the line ministry, through NICSI/NIC as the technical solution provider and a consultant for the process definitions for operation and maintenance of the database. Ministry of Home Affairs (http://mha.nic.in/) Passport, Immigration & Visa: 1. Application for fresh passport, ECNR, renewal, application status tracking etc. 2. efficient and effective handling of immigration formalities for all international incoming flights. Ministry of Tourism, Ministry of Civil Aviation, Ministry of Home Affairs & Bureau of Immigration (BoI) have pooled their efforts and resources to conceptualise the MMP that aims at enhancing the experience of in-bound and out-bound travellers from India. The project is being implemented in two modules one
looking into aspects of immigration & Visa and second into passport issues. While the former aims to reduce immigration clearance time and ensure better security checks. This includes modernisation programme for immigration check posts and advance passenger information system, latter is concerned with speedy resolution of issues related to issuance and renewal of passports including the robustness of the process of verification involved for the same.

The project is being implemented through BoI and NIC. Pensions: Pensioners Portal Launched on 30 March, 2007, A 'Pensioner's Portal' has been proposed to be set up which will have two components 1. Non-interactive: to provide updated information on pension issues and 2. Interactive part: to monitor grievance redressal at three levels, viz a. Central level in Departmental of Pension & PW (nodal point), b. Central Ministries/Department level and c. Pensioners' Associations level (field level). All the three levels would be interlinked. Pensioners registering grievances on the portal would get unique access code, which would help him/her monitor progress of his case. The designated Nodal officer at the level of Department of Pension & Pensioners' Welfare and at the level of Central Ministry/Department would also be able to monitor the progress. The expenditure for providing S/w, H/W, phone etc. to pensioners' Associations would be made by Department of Pension & Pensioners' Welfare through recurring and non-recurring grants. The Central Ministries/ Departments would meet such expenditure on their own. The mechanism would be operated initially in phased manners covering larger cities in some states. The design and software for the portal is being developed by the NIC who have been engaged for this purpose.

E-OFFICE: The need for efficiency in government processes and service delivery mechanism is a long-felt one. The Government of India has recognized this need and hence included the same as a core mission mode project (MMP) under the National eGovernance Plan (NeGP). It is estimated that, if designed properly, the MMP could target over 2 lakh users. This project is aimed at significantly improving the operational efficiency of the Government, by transitioning to a Less Paper Office within next five years. The design this MMP is to achieve the following objectives: 1. To improve efficiency, consistency and effectiveness of government responses; 2. To reduce turnaround time and to meet the demands of the citizens charter; 3. To provide for effective resource management to improve the quality of administration; 4. To reduce processing delays; and 5. To establish transparency and accountability The core of the project would be: 1. Work Flow Automation 2. Knowledge management A Project Management Team (PMT) headed by a programme coordinator and assisted by representative each of DIT & NIC along with two subject matter experts will oversee the implementation of the project State Mission Mode Projects: Agriculture: Several initiatives have been taken by central government and states such as ASHA in Assam , KISSAN and e-Krishi in Kerala, Krishi Maratha Vahini in Karnataka etc. aimed at meeting challenges facing the agriculture sector in the country and have met with varying degree of success. As such, to consolidate learning from the past, integrate present diverse and disparate efforts and upscale them to cover the entire country, Agriculture has been included as a MMP in NeGP and is to be operationalised by Department of Agriculture and Cooperation (DAC). The typical services envisaged in Agriculture as an MMP include: Information to farmers on seeds, fertilizers, pesticides Information to farmers on Govt. Schemes Information to farmers on Soil recommendations Information on crop management Information on weather and marketing of agriculture produce DAC has adopted twin strategy to spearhead implementation of MMP in Agriculture through AGRISNET & two portals AGMARKNET & DACNET. Under AGRISNET, funds are released to State governments based on project proposals submitted by them. So far, nine States - Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Gujarat, Haryana, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, and West Bengal - have availed of assistance under AGRISNET. Through the AGMARKNET portal, information on about 300 commodities from 2000 mandis/markets is made available. The information is updated regularly, directly from the markets. DACNET portal provides subject / crop specific information from various Directorates under the Department of Agriculture and Cooperation. Commercial Taxes: The maturity of VAT implementation varies across States and the need has been strongly felt for streamlining VAT

administration through citizen-centric, service-oriented processes, and establishing a certain degree of standardization with respect to Commercial Tax (CT) administration. Since the CT departments mainly interface with businesses and often account for 60% - 70% of the total revenue of the States and UTs, their functioning can directly affect the attractiveness of a State as a business destination. In this context the Commercial Taxes Mission-Mode Program (CT-MMP) has been conceived under the National e-Governance Plan (NeGP) of the GoI. The initiative is spearheaded by the Department of Revenue (DoR), Ministry of Finance, with the National Institute for Smart Government (NISG) and Ernst & Young as Strategic Consultants to the DoR. In order to improve the efficiency of VAT administration, it is important that administrative procedures are simplified and processing timelines are reduced by usage of computerized systems. Faster grant of registration and electronic processing of VAT returns would be important. CT-MMP has provided various change recommendations to facilitate these. Some of the important e-Governance initiatives have been recommended as part of CT-MMP is: 1. Electronic filing of returns 2. Electronic clearance of refunds 3. Electronic payment of tax 4. Online dealer ledger 5. Online issuance of CST statutory forms through TINXSYS 6. Facility to dealer to obtain various online information services E-District: Districts are the de facto front-end of government where most G2C interaction and bulk of citizen centric services are delivered. As such, there was a felt need to improve this experience and enhance efficiencies of the various departments at the district level to enable seamless service delivery to the citizen. The project scope is to integrate various departments of the districts to provide seamless services to the citizens.For successful implementation of e-districts, the redesigning of the existing processes and delivery mechanism to facilitate an efficient and effective service delivery structure, has been identified as a key activity. The objectives of the MMP include backend computerization to enable efficient delivery of government services and to proactively provide a system of spreading information on the Government schemes, planned developmental activities and status of current activities. Front ends under the scheme are only to be built at District, Tehsil, Sub division and block level, in the form of citizen facilitation counters. Village level linkage would be established through Common Services Centres for delivery of services. Indicative services planned to be delivered through this MMP include: 1. Certificates: Creation and distribution of certificates for income, domicile, caste, Birth, Death etc 2. Licenses: Arms Licenses etc 3. PDS: Issue of Ration Card etc. 4. Social Welfare Schemes : Issue of old age pensions, family pensions, widow pensions etc. 5. Complaints: related to unfair prices, absentee teacher, nonavailability of doctor. Online filing and receipt of Information relating to the Right to Information Act.

6. Linking with other e government projects: Registration, Land Records, and Driving Licenses etc. 7. Information Dissemination : Disseminating Information relating to government schemes, entitlements etc. 8. Assessment of taxes: Property tax, and other government taxes 9. Utility Payment: Payments relating to electricity, water bills property taxes etc. Initially a few districts in some States are to be taken up for pilot implementation of the MMP, and once the pilots have been implemented, the contours of the e district project would be finalised as a MMP, to be implemented across the country.

Employment Exchange: Ministry of Labour & Employment is in the process of conceptualising this MMP. It is visualised that the MMP will help match the requirements of employers and potential employees. Through the employment exchange portal, according to the requirement of employers quick lists of candidates and call letters can be generated. It will also provide valuable guidance to the unemployed and can facilitate online registration of vacancies by employers. Computerized counselling is also likely to be made available to unemployed youth. Land Records Phase 2: There is an ongoing project for digitization of land records, being implemented by MoRD. a. Completion of data entry work including backlog validation and updating( Completed in 12 States) b. Providing legal sanctity to computerized RORs (Completed in 12 States) c. Stopping issue of manual RORs( Completed in 8 States) d. Setting up computer centers at Tehsils( Completed in 9 States) e. Web enabling( Completed in 11 States) The collection of land revenue and the existence of the institutions of the State have been co-terminus. Maintenance of land records has now become more vital for administrators and creation of a land information system is one of the key issues facing governance today. Land records itself is a generic expression and could include records such as the Register of lands, Records of Rights, Tenancy and crop inspection register (RTC), Mutation Register, Disputed cases Register etc. It also includes primary information about land presented in terms of its geological information like the shape, size, landforms, soils; economic information related to land use irrigation and crops; and the information pertaining to the legal rights, registration and taxation. Main objectives of MMP are: 1. To facilitate easy maintenance and updating of changes which occur in land database such as changes due to availability of irrigation/natural calamities/consolidation/ or on account of legal changes like transfer of ownership, partition, land acquisition, lease etc. 2. To provide for comprehensive scrutiny to make land records tamperproof, this may reduce the menace of litigation and social conflicts, associated with land disputes. 3. To provide the required support for implementation of development programmes for which data about distribution of land holdings is vital. 4. To facilitate detailed planning for infrastructural as well as environment development. 5. To facilitate preparation of an annual set of records in the mechanised process and thereby producing accurate documents for recording details such as collection of land revenue, cropping pattern etc. 6. To facilitate a variety of standard and ad-hoc queries on land data. 7. To provide database for agricultural census. Core Services offered under the MMP are: 1. Issue of copy of Records of Rights 2. Crop, Irrigation and Soil details 3. Filing and Tracking of Status of Mutation Cases 4. Availability and submission of forms

At present, a number of states have successfully completed the pilot project and a few are planning/proposing Statewide rollout (Punjab, Puducherry, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Tripura , Sikkim and West Bengal). State MMPs Municipalities: The National Mission Mode Project (NMMP) for Municipalities is one of the Mission Mode Projects that has significant citizen interaction, since municipalities provide a large number of basic services for millions of citizen living in India 's urban centres. It is envisaged that MMP for municipalities would provide a major fillip to the Government of India's Ministry of Urban Development's urban reform agenda. The vision for the National Mission Mode Project for e-Governance in Municipalities is to leverage the ICT opportunities for sustained improvement in efficiency and effectiveness of delivery of municipal service to citizens. The Key Objectives of the MMP include 1. Provide Single Window services to citizens on any time , any where basis 2. Increase the efficiency and productivity of ULBS 3. Develop a single and integrated view of ULB information system across all ULBs in the state 4. Provide timely & reliable management information relating to municipal administration for effective decision making 5. Adopt a standards-based approach to enable integration with other related applications The overall structure for the NMMP scheme has been divided into three tiers i.e. Centre, State and Urban Local Body (ULB) level. MMP, in its current form, envisages covering all ULBs in class 1 cities ( 423 in total) during the period 2006-07 to 2010-11. In order to achieve its vision and objectives, NMMP envisages implementation of various application modules covering the following services/management functions within ULBs: 1. Registration and issue of birth and death certificate 2. Payment of property tax, Utility Bills and Management of Utilities that come under ULBs 3. Property Tax 4. Water Supply and other Utilities 5. Grievances and suggestions 6. Building plan approvals 7. Procurement and monitoring of projects 8. E-procurement 9. Project/ward works 10. Heath program 11. Licenses 12. Solid Waste Management 13. Accounting system 14. Personnel Information System. Grievances Handling, including implementation of the elements of the Right To Information Act, Acknowledgement, Resolution monitoring Gram Panchayats: As Panchayat represent the first level of interaction for over 60% of Indian populace i.e. the rural masses and provide a large number of basic services for millions of citizens living in India's rural centres,

the National e-Governance Plan has identified Panchayat as one of the Mission Mode Projects(MMP). The MMP has been designed to overcome the challenges being faced in the villages such as lack of reliable communication infrastructure, delay in providing services to the citizens (Licenses, Certificate etc), Low revenue mobilization for implementing schemes at the Gram Panchayat level, lack of monitoring mechanism for the schemes. Some states (West Bengal , Orissa and AP) have implemented e-Government modules in
Panchayat and achieved significant level of success. A National Panchayat Portal has been developed by NIC which has a versatile front-end in terms of dynamic website for Panchayat, with information, content and services needed by people, links citizens with Panchayat, links Panchayat with each other, allows access to information & services provided by Ministry of Panchayati Raj, State Panchayati Raj Departments. There are also some backend solutions currently available from NIC, which are being used in Panchayati Raj Institutions:

Priasoft (Tamil Nadu, Orissa, Chhattisgarh) PRIASOFT-PANCHLEKHA LI (MP) PriaSoft-Aasthi (Karnataka) PriaSoft-ePanchayat (Andhra Pradesh) In order to achieve its vision and objectives, MMP envisages implementation of various application modules covering the following services/management functions within Gram Panchayat: Issue of Trade Licenses and NoC House Related Services Certificate of Birth and Death, Income and Solvency Dissemination of Internal Process of Panchayat agenda, voting, resolution Copy of Proceedings of Gram Sabha and Action Taken Report Receipt of Funds / Progress Report Dissemination of Data BPL, PF for Landless Agricultural Labourers, education, Health facilities & status Digitization of the Village Infrastructure on a Map Police: Common Integrated Police Application (CIPA) has been implemented at 128 Police Stations of Delhi. Out of 1280 sites (10% PSs), to be covered in first phase, Hardware has been delivered for 748 Police Stations in States; and CIPA is operational in 17 states and partially operational in 6 states.Police has been included in the NeGP as a response to an ever-increasing threat of terror and ascending crime graph. It addresses the need to improve the efficiency of the police force. One of the major steps in this direction is the creation and sharing of crimes and criminal database. In addition, the MMP also includes personal management and inventory control. However, there are large variations in these functions across the States, which do not allow common development of the processes and consequently the software. The MMP therefore adopts a phased approach towards implementation. In the first, phase only those functions, which are common across the States, and are driven by the CrPC, are to be attempted. This is being implemented under the Common Integrated Police Application (CIPA) Project. This enables basic primary information, generated at the Police Stations, to be computerized and helped the police officers in the police stations to reduce their paper work thereby bring in efficiency in the police station operations.

Implementation of CIPA started on pilot basis at six nos. Police Stations of New Delhi in April'05. Rollout at the remaining 122 nos. Police Stations in Delhi have been completed. Requirements for Customization in the CIPA Software Core, and the additional Local Development, are being discussed with States viz. Kerala, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Uttarakhand, Punjab, and Uttar Pradesh; and being incorporated/developed. It is proposed to cover 30% more Police Stations in the second phase of CIPA implementation during this financial year.

PROPERTY REGISTRATION: Successful implementation of the CARD (COMPUTERAIDED ADMINISTRATION OF REGISTRATION DEPARTMENT) project implemented by government of Andhra Pradesh resulted in the countrywide initiative launched by DIT aimed at taking best practices of successful implementations as part of its Horizontal Transfer Programme. The project objectives were to replace existing manual systems of verification and scrutiny of documents, valuation of properties, capturing and preserving copies of the documents, conducting searches and of maintaining back office records. As part of the MMP, the core services proposed to be offered under the project are 1. Market Valuation (MV) calculator; 2. Payment of stamp duty fees; 3. Registration of Documents all movable and immovable properties; 4. Issue of Encumbrance Certificate; 5. Issue of copies of Certified Documents At present, a number of states have successfully completed the pilot project and a few are planning/proposing State-wide rollout (Punjab, Puducherry, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Tripura , Sikkim and West Bengal ). Road Transport: With a view to create a unified data schema which could be used by all the states for computerisation of their transport offices for issuing vehicle registration certificates and driving licences, Road Transport was included as one of the MMPs in the NeGP. The implementation agency NIC developed a Smart card Operating System for Transport Application (SCOSTA) to ensure inter-operability of smart card RC and DL documents across the states & UTs. The development involved the implementation of two software VAHAN for vehicles registration activities and SARATHI for driving licence related activities in 24 and 16 states respectively. Treasuries: Services Payment of salaries to Govt Employees All expenses paid through PLA Account reconciliation Department wise and head wise expenditure compilation and communication to AG Due to partial or non-computerisation of State Treasuries/Office of AGs, most of the information relating to the operations in the Government account

continues to be exchanged in paper form only. In order to get the accounts of State Governments expeditiously and to provide for better Management Information Systems, networking of all agencies involved in finalisation of accounts of State Governments was felt necessary. A Core Group on Computerisation of Treasuries in State has been constituted to formulate a draft scheme on project for Treasuries Computerisation under e-governance plan of Government of India. The detailed concept note is being worked out by the Department of Expenditure. Integrated Mission Mode Programmes: CSC: Proposals of 17 States for setting up 87,419 CSC approved at a total cost of Rs 1386.66 Crore; SCAs selected in three States, LoI to SCAs issued in one States and RFPs issued in 4 additional States.

E-Biz: The E-Biz initiative

seeks to address several issues relating to approvals and permissions, reducing the points of contact between the business entities and the Government agencies, standardization of requirement information, establishment of single-window services and reducing the burden of compliance. The Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion is piloting the initiative.

The vision of e-Biz is to provide comprehensive G2B services to all the business entities in an even driven manner. Its objectives include reduction of time for getting the G2B services in the pre-establishment and post establishment periods to provide integrated services of central, state ad local governments, automate the workflow in the concerned government departments and above all to enhance transparency, speed and certainty in provision of G2B services. E-Biz Project is designed to help a variety of stakeholders like the entrepreneurs, industries and businesses, industry associations, regulatory agencies, industrial promotional agencies, banks and financial institutions, taxation authorities etc E-Biz pilot has been initiated and is proposed to be implemented in four states, namely, UP, Maharashtra, Haryana at 1 district in each state. 25 G2B services relating to 14 departments of central, state and local governments would be provided online. E-COURTS: The Indian judiciary comprises of nearly 15,000 courts situated in approximately 2,500 court complexes throughout the country. The total no. of pending cases in these Courts as on 01.01.2005 was 2, 94, and 97,251. In the Indian Judiciary, effort for computerization of some of its processes has been going on since 1990. From 2001-03, 700 city courts in four metros were computerised and during 2003-04, computerisation of another 900 courts were undertaken. Need was felt to make the programme of ICT enablement of the Indian Judiciary mission-critical. Under NeGP as a MMP, it is proposed to implement ICT in Indian judiciary in three phases over a period of five years. The project scope is to develop, deliver, install and implement automated decision making and decision support system in 700 courts of Delhi, Bombay, Kolkata & Chennai; 900 courts in the 29 capital city courts of states and UTs and 13000 district and subordinate courts. The objectives of the project are: 1. To help judicial administrations of the courts in streamlining their dayto-day activities 2. To assist judicial administration in reducing the pendency of cases 3. To provide transparency of information to the litigants 4. To provide access to legal and judicial databases to the judges. E-Procurement: This MMP is being implemented to ensure that government procurement becomes simplified, transparent and result-oriented. It is being implemented through and in DGS&D, a central purchasing organisation under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry, having core competency in procurement of goods and services and involves computerisation of DGS&D. The objectives of the MMP are:

1. To establish a one stop-shop providing all services related to government procurement 2. To reduce cycle time and cost of procurement 3. To enhance transparency in government procurement 4. To enhance efficiency of procurement 5. To bring about procurement reform across the government National E-Governance Service Delivery Gateway Introduction: The National e-Governance Plan (NeGP) of the Govt. of India aims to make all Government services accessible to the common man in his locality, through common service delivery outlets and ensure efficiency, transparency & reliability of such services at affordable costs to realise the basic needs of the common man. One of the goals of the Government to meet this vision is the need to cooperate, collaborate and integrate information across different departments in the Centre, States and Local Government. Government systems characterised by islands of legacy systems using heterogeneous platforms and technologies and spread across diverse geographical locations, in varying state of automation, make this task very challenging. The National eGovernance Service Delivery Gateway (NSDG), a MMP under the NeGP, can simplify this task by acting as a standards-based messaging switch and providing seamless interoperability and exchange of data across. Vision of the NSDG: The emergence of many e-governance applications for different departments to provide online services to citizens, businesses and government would require increasing interactions

amongst departments and with external agencies at various levels in Government. Departments would need to develop connectors/adaptors for point to point connections between departments creating a mesh as shown in figure and also tight coupling between applications. This would lead to applications difficult to maintain and upgrade in case of version change and change in government policies and business rules. The National eGovernance Service Delivery Gateway (NSDG) is an attempt to reduce such point to point connections between departments and provide a standardized interfacing, messaging and routing switch through which various players such as departments, front-end service access providers and back-end service providers can make their applications and data inter-operable. The National e-Governance Service Delivery Gateway (NSDG) aims to achieve a high order of interoperability among autonomous and heterogeneous entities

of the Government (in the Centre, States or Local bodies), based on a framework of e-Governance Standards.

Objectives of the NSDG The objectives of the NSDG are To act as a core infrastructure for achieving standards-based interoperability between various e-Government applications implemented at various levels and geographically dispersed locations. To evolve Gateway messaging standards and build a government owned Central Gateway based on these standards. Act as a catalyst in enabling the building of Standards based eGovernance applications with Gateway as the middleware to ensure interoperability Enable integration across Centre, State or Local Governments there by enabling Integrated Service Delivery and a Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) leading to joined up government Help protect the legacy investments in software and hardware by easily integrating them with other technology platforms and software implementations De-link the back-end departments/Service Providers (SP) from the front-end Service Access Providers thereby Ensuring separation of concerns of service access from the service implementation i.e. separates the Portal, CSC, Kiosks etc from the government services which reside in the backend departments. Encouraging competition at the front-end by allowing independent service access providers to provide services with varying levels of complexity, cost and service quality levels. Shared services can be added on to the core services as and when required,as special common services of the Gateway without affecting the core functionality of the Gateway, thereby providing flexibility and modularity. encourage back-end services to be plugged into the infrastructure as and when they are ready, Reduce the cost of e-Governance Projects by rationalizing, distributing and optimizing the services framework Use PKI infrastructure for secure transactions. Provision exists for encryption of department payload to ensure confidentiality of department data. The gateway provides digital signature and certificates to all stakeholders interacting with the gateway for identification, authentication and authorization. Transaction and audit logs help track government data. Enable transaction logging and time stamping for tracking of transactions and centralised control

Help the Departments backend workflow evolve gradually as the Gateway acts as a middleware de-linking the backends from the front end. This means that even the Departments which do not have the complete automation or work flow at the back can still deliver eService to the citizens in a limited manner through the Gateway. To cite as an example, a server may be put up at the department for message exchange with Gateway in absence of readily available infrastructure at the department.

NSDG Conceptual Architecture and Gateway Messaging specifications: NSDG as a messaging middleware acts as an intelligent hub and routes service requests from a Service Seeker (Service Access Provider) to a Service Provider (typically a back end Government department that puts up its service for electronic delivery) and in return sends the response back to the Service Seeker through the Gateway. The gateway achieves integration amongst diverse set of applications built on varying platforms through compliance with a set of e-Governance Specifications- Interoperability Interface Protocol and Interoperability Interface Specifications (IIP/IIS) that are based on open standards such as the W3C XML and SOAP specifications. The Gateway specifications developed for the Gateway messaging and support/common services are 1. Interoperability Interface Specification (IIS) 2. Interoperability Interface Protocol (IIP) 3. Inter Gateway Interconnect Specification (IGIS) 4. Gateway Common Services Specification (GCSS) The NSDG will link three major entities: 1. Service Providers (SP): The back-end government departments or any other third-party agencies offering e-services to citizens and businesses, and to other government departments, are collectively referred to as Service Providers (SP). Third-party SPs may offer specialized services such as authentication, payment gateway services, or joined-up services. 2. Service Access Providers (SAP): A Service Access Provider is an entity, which facilitates government service access by Service Seekers, by providing a front-end infrastructure. Linked to the Service Access Providers will be the Delivery Channels, which would be the access mechanism for the citizens and businesses to avail the e-governance services. 3. State Gateways/ Local Government Gateways/ Gateways in Government Verticals: The future E-Governance space of India would see many Government Departments/local bodies and Businesses offering many services, which will be consumed by the Citizens, Businesses and other Government

Departments/local bodies. This would give rise to multiple Service Access Providers (SAP) and Service Providers (SP) and these necessarily may not reside with one Gateway but may be distributed among more than one Gateways (Gateway Constellation) under different administrative domains across the Centre, State, and local governments including gateways in specialized verticals. The choice of a Gateway will be dictated based on the need for connecting multiple e-Governance services on multiple technologies/platforms to increase interoperability factor. In the absence of a gateway in any vertical or State level the service can still be offered through the default National Gateway. When multiple Gateways become operational, NSDG will be equipped to route the messages to appropriate Gateways and reach out to the service offerings of local bodies, state governments and central governments, all working together in a peer-to-peer network. However, in order to project a simplified and unified face of the Government, it is imperative that all these unifying Infrastructures, under various administrative domains work in close co-operation and in unison to support the outcome based paradigm of service delivery to the Citizens, Businesses or other Government Department/local bodies. There could be three distinct types of gateways: The Central Gateway, the State Gateways and Department-specific (Domain) or Purpose-specific Gateways. The service scenarios cover three distinct groups: (a) Citizens (b) Businesses and (c) the Government departments / Ministries / Agencies. The following table summarizes the usefulness of the Gateway with in each of these entities: Central Gateway State Government / Local Government gateways Department / Ministry / Purpose specific Gateways G2G in the Centre G2C in the Centre G2B relating to the departments in the Centre G2G within the State G2C within the State? A predominant service orientation G2B relating to the departments in the State, Local bodies and utilities G2G in the State-Centre interactions G2G within the Centre spread across the country, with each unit of the department having its own IT infrastructure G2B on matters relating to the Centre in business matters G2C on matters relating to citizens National Services Directory: The NSDG system being implemented as an MMP by DIT also includes the National Services Directory. This NSD shall be utilised by all gateways across the country for address resolution of services. The primary function of the National Services Directory (NSD) is to provide a registry, which acts as a service resolution point for all the services in the Gateway constellation. NSD is a collection of service hosting information outside the Gateway. All the Gateways that need to resolve services, which are not in their domain, need to resolve it at the NSD. The Gateways need to register with the NSD before they can attempt to resolve a service from the directory.

NSDG Services The NSDG will be run as a managed service by the implementers CDAC, Mumbai and their partners. The specifications of the NSDG are built on Service oriented Architecture (SOA) principles with the features of the Gateway organised as a set of services, with the flexibility to add services as and when required as support services, keeping the messaging service at its core. Service levels have been defined for the various services being offered by the NSDG Following are the list of services being provided by the NSDG: Core Services a. Messaging Support Services / Non-Core Services b. Gateway Services Directory c. Enrolment / de-enrolment of back-end services and Service Providers d. Registration / De-registration of Service Access Providers e. Gateway Interfaces SAP / SP f. Transaction management g. Monitoring, Corrective Adaptation and Alerts h. Audit Logging i. Administration j. Reporting k. Billing Common & Interoperability-related Services l. Inter-Gateway Messaging m. Support for common services such as Authentication, Payment Gateway Interface n. National Services Directory (NSD) NSDG Implementation As part of its implementation strategy for the NSDG, the Department of Information Technology (DIT), GoI, has entrusted the responsibility for implementation of NSDG to CDAC, Mumbai, a society formed by the GoI. The NSDG is being hosted in the NIC Data centre at Delhi with Disaster Recover at NIC Data Center Hyderabad. The gateway being a middleware involves multiple stakeholders during the Implementation and O&M phase. During the O&M phase multiple SAP/SP shall be integrated with the gateway and requirement to monitor the services and service levels and government transactions would be required. In the absence of a regulatory agency, a number of legal agreements have to be signed between various stakeholders such as GSP-SAP, GSP-SP, GSP-DIT etc. The GSP is responsible for all activities in O&M such as SLA Management, Reporting, marketing, Service Integration, scaling of NSDG infrastructure, performance optimization, billing, entering into agreements with various stakeholders such as DIT, SAP etc. State Gateway: The functionality of the State Level gateway is similar to the NSDG at the Centre and shall work peer to peer with the Central NSDG

and other Gateways. It shall use the National Level NSD to carry out address resolution of the services listed on other gateways across the country. All the State services shall be listed on this gateway. The figure below depicts the positioning of the gateway in the State Data Centre and the external entities interacting with the gateway for exchange of data using IIS/IIP message formats and protocols. The gateway thus enables interaction between various departments /external entities using standard interfaces/connectors. The gateway acts as the single point of access to backend departments for all external entities. The state level gateway also interacts with the NSDG at the central level for exchange of data with central MMPs. India Portal: The National Portal of India is a Mission Mode Project under the National E-Governance Plan being implemented by NIC. The objective behind the Portal is to provide a single window access to the information and services of the Indian Government at all levels from Central Government to State Government to District Administration and Panchayat for the Citizens, Business and Overseas Indians. An attempt has also been made through this Portal to provide comprehensive, accurate, and reliable and one stop source of information about India and its various facets. The information in the Portal has been well classified into distinct modules, which are also interlinked at relevant places to provide the visitor with a holistic view. Components Common Services Centre (CSC) The Government has approved a Common Services Centres (CSCs) Scheme for providing support for establishing 100,000 Common Services Centres in 600,000 villages of India. The Scheme, as approved by the Government of India, envisions CSCs as the front-end delivery points for Government, private and social sector services to rural citizens of India, in an integrated manner. The objective is to develop a platform that can enable Government, private and social sector organizations to align their social and commercial goals for the benefit of the rural population in the remotest corners of the country through a combination of IT-based as well as non-IT-based services.

Figure: Honey Comb structure for location of CSC The Scheme has been approved at a total cost of Rs 5742 Cr. over 4 years, of which the Government of India is estimated to contribute Rs 856 Cr. and the State Governments Rs 793 Cr. The balance resources would be mobilized from the private sector. The Common Services Centres would be designed as ICT-enabled Kiosks having a PC along with basic support equipment like Printer, Scanner, UPS, with Wireless Connectivity as the backbone and additional equipment for edutainment, telemedicine, projection systems, etc., as the case may be. The Scheme is to be implemented through a Public Private Partnership. CSCs are the primary physical front-end for delivery of Government and private

services to citizens. They are one of the three pillars of the core and support infrastructure of the National e Governance Plan for enabling anytime anywhere delivery of government services, the other two being (a) the State Wide Area Network (for Connectivity) which has already been approved by the Government for Rs 3334 Cr. and b) the State Data Centre Scheme (for secure hosting of data and applications) for which the draft guidelines are under preparation. Implementation of a mission-oriented project of this size and scope would pose significant challenges of project management at the national level as also in exploiting opportunities to achieve significant economies of scale in the identification, customization and implementation of the physical and digital infrastructure required for the project. Further, many of the potential citizen-centric services would lend themselves to aggregation at the national level. To serve the above objectives and to enable the State-specific implementation plans to benefit from such economies of scale, aggregation of best practices, content providers, etc. DIT has appointed a National Level Service Agency (NLSA) with defined Terms of Reference to coordinate the entire activity. The CSC Scheme has a 3-tier implementation framework: 1. At the first (CSC) level would be the local Village Level Entrepreneur (VLE- loosely analogous to a franchisee), to service the rural consumer in a cluster of 5-6 villages. 2. At the second/middle level would be an entity termed the Service Centre Agency (SCA loosely analogous to a franchiser) to operate, manage and build the VLE network and business. An SCA would be identified for one or more districts (one district would cover 100-200 CSCs). 3. At the third level would be the agency designated by the State- the State Designated Agency (SDA) - to facilitate implementation of the Scheme within the State and to provide requisite policy, content and other support to the SCAs.

Core & Support Infrastructure State Wide Area Networks (SWAN): The SWAN Scheme for 29 States & 6 Union Territories, at an estimated outlay of Rs. 3334 Crores, was approved by Govt. of India, in March 2005 to set up State Wide Area Networks (SWAN), interconnecting each State / UT Head Quarter with District Head Quarter and below each District Head Quarter with the Block Head Quarters with minimum 2 Mbps leased line. The objective of the Scheme is to create a secure close user group (CUG) government network for the purpose of delivering G2G and G2C services. The duration of project is 5 years with a pre-project implementation period of 18 months. The project is being implemented as a Central Sector Scheme with Rs. 2005 Crores as Grant-in-aid from Department of Information

Technology and balance fund from the State Plan fund under Additional Central Assistance (ACA) allocation. Implementation of SWAN Scheme is in full swing across the country. Preproject implementation phase (after the individual project is approved by the Empowered Committee) includes Feasibility Study, Proposal Preparation, Site Preparation, Bandwidth Operator selection, Network Operator selection, Network Implementation, Acceptance Testing and to operate network for next 5 years. The monthly status of implementation across the States/UTs is available in the DIT Website. Policy Guidelines/Document to Establish State Wide Area Network (SWAN) State Data Centres (SDC): State Data Centre (SDC) has been identified as one of the important element of the core infrastructure for supporting eGovernance initiatives of National E-Governance Plan (NeGP). Under NeGP, it is proposed to create State Data Centres for the States to consolidate services, applications and infrastructure to provide efficient electronic delivery of G2G, G2C and G2B services. These services can be rendered by the States through common delivery platform seamlessly supported by core Connectivity Infrastructure such as State Wide Area Network (SWAN) and Common Service Centre (CSC) connectivity extended up to village level. State Data Centre would provide many functionalities and some of the key functionalities are Central Repository of the State, Secure Data Storage, Online Delivery of Services, Citizen Information/Services Portal, State Intranet Portal, Disaster Recovery, Remote Management and Service Integration etc. SDCs would also provide better operation & management control and minimize overall cost of Data Management, IT Resource Management, Deployment and other costs. Department of Information Technology (DIT) has formulated the Guidelines to provide Technical and Financial assistance to the States for setting up State Data Centre. These Guidelines also include the implementation options that can be exercised by the State to establish the SDC. SDC scheme has been approved by Government with an outlay of Rs. 1623.20 Crores over a period of 5 years. It is expected that the State Data Centres shall be set-up and operationalised by 2010 - 2011 across different States/UTs in the Country. Since the approval of the scheme by the Government, the empowered committee has already approved specific proposals of 31 States/UTs for establishing State Data Centre. The work related to the various activities towards setting up of SDC is in progress in the States. Implementation Committee on SDC has been constituted by most of the States. Draft RFP from 15 states has been received by DIT out of which approval to 10 states has been accorded and the remaining 5 are in the process of being approved . Draft RFP is under preparation by other States

To facilitate better monitoring and implementation of the SDC scheme across the country, a State Data Centre Programme Management Unit (SDC PMU) has been put in place at the DIT, that shall be interacting with the States; monitoring/ reviewing the progress and follow up action on SDC, if any, required by the State and DIT. Capacity Building Keeping in view the enormous task of driving NeGP in line with the overall spirit of service orientation most states are inadequately equipped in terms of personnel and the skill-sets needed to handle the host of issues involved. For this purpose, the Capacity Building Guidelines for developing institutional mechanism was prepared by DIT in consultation with Planning Commission and was issued to all the State Governments and UTs. The capacity building guidelines take cognizance of the fact that different states are at different levels of readiness for e-Governance and have different levels of aspiration. Capacity gaps are therefore not viewed in an absolute context but relative to the goals set out by the respective state government for itself. Therefore, for NeGP to achieve its goals, capacity gap that need to be addressed Include engaging experts, developing skills and imparting training. Capacity Building scheme is aimed at addressing the above challenges in a holistic manner including support for creation of State e-Governance Mission Teams (SeMT), and Project e-Governance Mission Teams (PeMT). This scheme is also meant for initiating through various activities like empanelment of candidates, facilitating States in recruitments and providing orientation courses for SeMT, Training initiatives, curriculum and content development and continuous capacity and HR management. Standards Technical Standards and E-Governance Architecture A draft document on Enterprise Architecture Framework prepared A draft Interoperability Framework for eGovernance prepared Network and Information Security The group has recommended the ISO 27001/BS 7799 as the base standard to be used in various e-Governance implementations. Draft E-Governance Information Security Standard - Based on IS/ISO/IEC 27001 plus has been prepared. Localization and Language Technology Standards The group has prepared broad generic recommendations for Localization on OS support, Content creation, Fonts, Coding, Search Engine supporting local language etc. These are yet in the draft stage. Metadata and Data Standards for Application Domains The group has identified the Generic Data elements including their formats, which are applicable horizontally to various e-Governance applications. The UNIQUE ID (UID) data elements are under review of the WG.

Quality and Documentation

The group has also prepared a Conformity Assessment Framework guideline, which is extremely relevant for any e-Governance project. Draft Policies on Identity & access Management and e-Forms prepared by the Task Forces NeGP PROGRAMME MANAGEMENT UNIT The DIT has set up a Programme Management Unit for The objectives of the PMU are to help the DIT assist the Apex Committee to drive NeGP through effective programme monitoring and management; provide assistance in policy and strategy formulation; support the DIT in implementing those projects and components of NeGP for which DIT is the implementing department; and augment capacity of various departments to enable them to implement their MMPs successfully. The roles and responsibilities in the various areas of the PMU are: AWARENESS & COMMUNICATION The success of the Plan hinges not only on accessibility and availability to the information and various services but also awareness regarding the Programme, effective branding of NeGP and finally a communication strategy that addresses the above two. As such the team is responsible for creating and implementing the strategy to achieve the following objectives - To build distinctive brand of NeGP which be utilised across Departmental communications; to create awareness among citizens about the initiative & its objectives; to motivate stakeholders, with an emphasis on the point that NeGP is not about computerisation or technology but making interaction with government easier; and to create a demand driven atmosphere which would ensure the service delivery & its quality are met. The team will also create a set of communication guidelines that can be used by other Ministries/departments to design their own communications plan. ASSESSMENT The Government of India is proposing to invest a significant part of its scarce resources in e-Government projects. However, even with its perceived potentials, e-Government projects are fraught with risks and the success rate across the world is not very encouraging. Given this scenario and the fact that e-Government projects are inherently complex, it therefore becomes imperative that a robust assessment strategy is devised for the existing eGovernment projects that not only provides valuable understanding on individual projects but also provides for a backward integration into the process of project appraisal and capacity building. The team is responsible for creating robust assessment strategy that can be used to objectively assess e government projects.

CAPACITY BUILDING Keeping in view the enormous task of driving NeGP in line with the overall spirit of service orientation most states are inadequately equipped in terms of personnel and the skill-sets needed to handle the host of issues involved. The capacity building guidelines take cognisance of the fact that different states are at different levels of readiness for e-governance and have different levels of aspiration. Capacity gaps are therefore not viewed in an absolute context but relative to the goals set out by the respective state government for itself. The role of the capacity building team is at the programme level to provide leadership and vision including policy formulation, preparing roadmaps, prioritization, preparing frameworks and guidelines, monitoring progress, inter-agency collaboration & capacity management. This cell would identify and fill the huge capacity gaps, which exist in the departments at all levels, more particularly at the levels of CIOs, CTOs etc. COMMON SERVICES CENTRE CSC scheme will be the most prominent face of NeGP. As such, specific support is being provided for this scheme. The scope of support includes Identification of core components of CSC Scheme; Frame problem agendas related with application software, legal instruments, essential backend for CSC, critical RFP conditions, pace synergy in core infrastructure projects (CSC, SDC, SWAN); Review and advise on Project Development Document for CSC; Review and advise on various aspects of CSC RFPs, State Guidelines, Roll out plan etc.; Analyze Service portfolio (G2C, B2C, C2C) based on needs of Citizen and financial model; Review and advise on Structure of CSC Scheme, IT and Functional Architectures; Review and advise on proposals, MoUs and project specific deliverables prepared by NLSA or received through State Governments at DIT; and Monitor activity wise deliverables and timelines mentioned in the contract of NLSA. INFRASTRUCTURE & TECHNICAL This cell provides support to the DIT in implementing those projects and components, which are direct responsibility of DIT SWAN, SDC & CSC. The scope of work includes - Technical assistance for State Wide Area Network; RFP review and other technical related problems raised by States for establishing SWAN; conceptualization of State Data Centre (SDC) project including preparation of technical and financial guidelines, technical specifications for SDC viz. physical requirements, Network and Security infrastructure, Computing resource, Storage requirements and certain non negotiable parameters for the SDC; technological parameters that are essential for last mile connectivity; and assisting Technical Committee on Wireless (TCW) on various parameters that need to be considered while deciding wireless connectivity for the last mile. Technical inputs are also provided to various technology (IT) projects coming from different central line ministries to DIT. MONITORING AND EVALUATION The Program Management, Monitoring and Evaluation Unit of the Programme Management Unit for NEGP will develop a comprehensive MIS at programme level and track the physical and financial progress of various projects. The cell would also serve as the knowledge repository and will provide and assist in developing and implementing a comprehensive framework for assisting

these projects, to the extent that they fall under designated MMPs, with a central pool of support resources, to generate cross-project and cross-state synergies, avoid inefficient overlaps, and take advantage of comparative benchmarking based on common Program Management, Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) Frameworks. The prime objective of the unit will to provide dashboards and other critical information that may be needed by key stakeholders to effectively roll out NeGP. It will also serve as a unit to specify impact in terms of improvements in the quantity and quality of public services actually delivered by government. In this case, it suffices to compare service quantity and quality metrics before and after program implementation and specifying impact in terms of improvements in government service delivery capacity. In this case, the factors entering into the evaluation of impact are all endogenous to the program and essentially amount to a measure of program outputs. The unit will be closely working with the respective line ministries/SeMT's and would provide a professional guidance in terms of effective rollouts. The unit will serve as abridge between the implementing agencies and key stake holders namely; PMO, Planning Commission, Apex Committee and other bodies which might be formed for overseeing effective implementation of NeGP PROJECT FINANCE & APPRAISAL The cell would identify resources to provide assistance in project conceptualisation, development and implementation to various implementing agencies. The cell would also appraise various MMPs to assess implementation methodology, overlaps etc. This cell would be responsible for helping DIT in finalisation of guidelines, checklists and formats for project appraisals and developing methodology for project selection. The cell would support DIT in appraisal of proposals for Central/State MMPs and other projects. It would also support DIT in its dialogue with World Bank and developing the World Bank project report as well as interfacing with other departments of GoI for this purpose. This would include conducting studies needed for the World Bank project, finalization of rules of engagement, operational manuals, formation of Special Purpose Vehicle (Central e-Governance Society) and collating other inputs. The cell would also be responsible for finalizing fiduciary and procurement arrangements for the Plan. RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT The e-Governance R&D team in the PMU provides consultancy and research inputs in the areas of e Governance Technical Standards including interoperability standards e-Government Enterprise architecture frameworks ,Information Security, Data & Metadata Standards , and Quality and documentation that includes e Governance Quality Manual, eGovernance Project Life-Cycle, Project Management, Program Management Conformance Assessment Frameworks, SLA guidelines, etc. The group is also member of working group on e Governance Standards. It also provides consultancy and IT support for the National e-Governance Service Delivery Gateway (MMP) including activities such as review of RFP, preparation of DPR, SLAs, proposals for SFC approval etc. In addition, it publishes papers on e-government standards website for reference and as discussions papers for working group members; reviews technical papers, proposals, documents, guidelines; provides technical inputs on various open standards and

technologies , architectures, middleware, to the e-Governance directorate. The group is also involved in collaborations with industry and academics in the area of e-Governance research and innovations. The Microsoft Innovation Lab has been set up for developing innovative e-governance solutions and research in the area. The group is also responsible for organising seminars and discussions with Gartner Global experts Major e-Governance Projects In India E-Governance in Ministries/Departments and State Governments The website of the Ministry of Information Technology (MIT), Govt. of India lists briefly the E-Governance Initiatives undertaken by the various Ministries/Departments and States Governments. Gyandoot: Gyandoot is an intranet in Dhar district of Madhya Pradesh, connecting rural cybercafs catering to the everyday needs of the masses. The web site is an extension of Gyandoot intranet, for giving global access. The site has these services to offer: Commodity/ mandi Marketing Information System; Copies of khasra, B1/khatauni and maps; On-line registration of applications; Income Certificate; Domicile Certificate (mool niwasi); Caste Certificate; Landholder's passbook of land rights and loans (Bhoo adhikar evam rin pustika). Warana: The primary objective of the recently launched Wired Village project is to demonstrate the effective use of IT infrastructure in the accelerated socio-economic development of 70 villages around Warana Nagar in the Kolhapur and Sangli districts of the state of Maharashtra. The existing cooperative structure has been used in concert with high speed VSATs to allow Internet access to existing cooperative societies. The project aims to provide agricultural, medical, and education information to villagers by establishing networked facilitation booths' in the villages. E-Governance in Noida city: Compaq India has joined hands with Electronics Research and Development Centre of India (ERDCI), Noida, to set up a competence centre that would enable e-governance in Noida city and various other states. Residents will be able to pay electricity and phone bills, file I-T returns, register marriages and deaths, among other things at information kiosks located in the city. Once the project becomes fully operational citizens can pay utilities, get grievance redressal and a variety of other essential jobs through these info kiosks. "RajNidhi": Information kiosks "RajNidhi" is a web enabled information kiosk system developed jointly by Rajasthan state's Department of Information Technology and Rajasthan State Agency for Computer Services (RajComp). Earlier on March 23, 2000, Nayla became the first village of Rajasthan to have a "Raj Nidhi Information Kiosk" when the US President, Mr. Bill Clinton visited this village to observe the functioning of a Gram Panchayat. "raj-SWIFT": Rajasthan government's Intranet The Rajasthan States Department of Information Technology (DoIT) has developed Governments own Intranet called as "raj-SWIFT". SWIFT here stands for Statewide Intranet on Fast Track. This system which has been built

using Internet technology and tools, would facilitate online data, text and email communication between the office of the Chief Minister and all the 32 District Collectors on one-to-one basis, thus bringing the Chief Executive of the State and the district administration close enough to be just a mouse click away. Mechanism of Single Window Clearance System To overcome the inordinately long time required to obtain the statutory approvals/licences etc. from various government departments/agencies, the Bureau of Industrial Promotion & Office of the Commissioner (Investment & NRIs), Government of Rajasthan, has introduced a Single Window Clearance System through a Single Composite Application Form. E-Governance in Panchayats in Kerala The website of the department of Administrative Reforms and Public Grievances, Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions features an article on the e-governance initiatives adopted by the panchayats in Kerala. E-Governance in Himanchal Pradesh: Himanchal Pradesh to focus on ITenabled services & e-governance, which would include medical transcription, call centres, data processing, back office operations and GIS. Package for Effective Administration of Registration Laws Project in Kerala THE Government of Kerala has launched a project titled PEARL (Package for Effective Administration of Registration Laws) for computerisation of the Registration Department in the State. E-Governance Centre at Haryana Secretariat The Haryana Government has set up an e-governance centre at the Secretariat to effectively monitor information technology in the state. Research Centres Centre for Electronic Governance, Ministry of Information and Technology, Govt. of India The MIT website features the Centre for e-governance set up by the Ministry of Information and Technology (MIT), Govt. of India. Apart from offering egovernance solutions and services, the Centre showcases applications by various IT majors like C-DAC, CMC, IQ Virtuals, Microsoft, NIC and Oracle. This list will expand soon. The Centre aims to offer services such as technical consultation, proof of concept and thematic presentations, apart from creating awareness amongst decision makers at the Central and State level and helping them in defining and implementing process and policy changes for effective e-Governance. Centre for Electronic Communities The IBM Centre for Electronic Communities, Institute for Electronic Government, is a leadership resource in strategy, policy and development of online resources in Government, education and healthcare. Commonwealth Secretariat's Centre for Electronic Governance

As part of its activities on Public Services Management, as mandated by the Commonwealth Programme "Towards a New Public Administration", the Management and Training Services Division of the Commonwealth Secretariat has announced the launch of a special focus centre under the name of The Centre for Electronic Governance. Currently the Centre is a virtual organisational entity. The status of the Centre's physical manifestation is the subject of discussions and consultations with a number of organisations and institutions. However, the Centre's virtual presence is to be located the following URLs, for which the website is currently under construction: National Informatics Centre This is the site if a premier IT organization in India which provides state-ofthe-art, solutions for the IT needs of the Government at all levels The NIC home page gives access to a comprehensive Directory(http://goidirectory.nic.in/) providing links to web sites of Government of India Ministries, Departments, States, Organizations, Union Territories.

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