HASHMITE UNIVERSITY Building Materials Laboratory

Lab Number: 5 Experiment name: Tensile strength of steel

Name: Deiaa al-majalee ID Number: 433150 Date: 15/12/2005 Section: 1

Introduction:
The steel is very famous building material because it can carry tension stress in structure which cant concert carry it, although this material very good in tension and compression. Ductility of steel is another advantage which is can expansion and shrinkage in suitable state compare to its stress (tension, compression strength) the test was obtained by using UTM which is a strong and modifying machine.

Abstract:
This experiment to determine the tension strength of steel rod specimen using UTM (Universal tensile machine) which give us stress strain diagram which can determine elastic and plastic strip and ultimate and yielding stress on it as the result the steel is good in the tension and ductility is good. Measure tension strength of steel rod specimen. Knowing to the stress strain diagram and determine the following parameter: ultimate stress plastic and elastic limit and yielding stress Determine the strain of specimen.

Methodology:
Specimen : L=360 mm d=25.5mm W=842.2g

Procedure test:
1. Determine the length of specimen. 2. Determine the diameter of specimen. 3. Weight the specimen using electronic balance. 4. Put the specimen in the correct place in machine. 5.Measure the length specimen between the supports. 6. Start the test from computer which connects to the machine and waiting until the failure occurs in the specimen. 7. Take the stress strain diagram from the computer and other data.

II

III

Load Vs Deflection
92 88 84 80 76 72 68 64 60 56 52 48 44 40 36 32 28 24 20 16 12 8 4 0 0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 27 30 33 36 39 42 45 48 51 54 57 60 63 66 69 Deflection (mm)

load Kpa
IV

stress strain diagram

180
ultimate stress = 169.5 Nmm2

160 140 120

yeild stress=90 N/mm2
2)

( N / mm stress

100 80 60 E=/ 40 20 0
plastic

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.1

0.12

0.14

0.16

0.18

0.2

elastic zone strain

Sample of calculation:
Strain = L/L Final length = 360mm + 64 mm = 424mm (elongated) For the second point= 0.34mm/360mm=0.000972. Stress = load/ area Area initial = (22/7*.25*25.52) =5.11 mm2 Area final = Stress for the second point= 4000N/5.11 mm2= 7.83 N/mm2. From graph the Ultimate stress = 169.5 N/mm2. From graph Yield stress = 90 N/mm2. The modulus of elasticity = E=/
E= (23.49 7.289 )/(0.002778-0.000972)= 8970.653 N/mm2 Ductility = (initial diameter final diameter) /initial diameter = (360-464)/360*100%= 17.8%

Discussion and conclusion:

Concrete is very weak in tension so we must use the steel to improve the properties of concrete in tension strength. Steel improve the ductility of concrete the so when the concrete elongated the steel resist the crakes. Every concrete beam or slap expectant tension force we must add steel bar in this concrete other wise the concrete failure.

VI