ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to show my gratitude to all the person that have been helping me in finishing this coursework. Especially to Miss Lizarose Abdullah. She was helped me a lot to check the question that I have constructed I want to thank her for all the information that she shared and the encouragement that she gave me, also not to forget the guide and her enthusiasm in teaching the class in order to improve the students.

Besides, I would like to thank my friends for being supportive and willing to share their opinion with me. With the information given, Im able to continue my coursework smoothly. We were spent time together at the library to find the articles in order to complete our task. Finally, I decided to take the latest issues which about maid abuse and baby dumping as my articles.

In addition, I would like to show my appreciation to my family. With their support and encouragement, Im able to complete my coursework. Moreover, the time and money they had spent for my coursework was very helpful to me, even more than I can imagine. Thus, I would like to thank my beloved family for their care and concerned.

In conclusion, these people have help me a lot in achieving my goal and in completing my coursework. I would never going to forget their contribution to me. Again, I would like to thank all the people involved in completing my coursework.

TABLE OF CONTENT TITLE ACKNOWLEDGEMENT CONTENT 1.0 Essay PAGE 1 2

References Appendices

Environtment:

ENDANGERED SPECIES

When discussing the endangerment, it is important to understand that individual species are not the only factors involved in this dilemma. Endangerment is a broad issue, one that involves the habitats and environments where species live and interact with one another. Although some measures are being taken to help specific cases of endangerment, the universal problem cannot be solved until humans protect the natural environments where endangered species dwell. Animals are categorized under endangered species, if they are at risk of becoming extinct, may be because of their few numbers or due to the change in the environmental condition. According from the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) data, about 40 percent of the total organisms are on the verge of extinction in the near future. In 1963, the IUCN created the Red Data List of more than 15,500 species, after evaluating the extinction risk of various species and subspecies worldwide. This list, is also known, as IUCN Red List of Threatened Species or IUCN Red List. Thirty percent of shark species are now threatened or near-threatened with extinction, and scientists lack enough data to properly assess the population status of an additional 47 percent. There are many reasons why a particular species may become endangered. There are several reasons why a particular group of animal may turn out to be endangered. Rapid habitat destruction is the main reason that species become endangered. Their populations become fragmented because of farming and development. Its unclear how long animals would suffer from the urban legacy of concentrated heavy metals. Natural changes usually occur at a slow rate, so the effects on individual species are usually slight, at least over the short term. When the rate of change is greatly speeded up, there may be no time for individual species to adapt to new conditions. The results can be disastrous. As more people need space for homes, farms, shopping centers and so on, there is less living space for species that cannot adapt to changing conditions. Based on the data, 30 percent of known sun bear habitat has

disappeared in the last 30 years. The primary reasons for such extensive habitat loss are illegal timber extraction (for hardwoods) and the clearing and conversion of habitat for palm oil plantations. People also affect plant and animal habitats when they take wood, oil and other products from the land. It can be difficult for individuals to recognize the effects that humans have had on specific species. It is hard to identify or predict human effects on individual species and habitats, especially during a human lifetime. But it is quite apparent that human activity has greatly contributed to species endangerment. Overexploitation is another reason species become endangered. A species that faces overexploitation is one that may become severely endangered or even extinct due to the high rate in which the species is being used. Due to the trade in animal parts, many species continue to suffer high rates of exploitation. One example of this is the case of the great whales. Many of which were reduced to extremely low population sizes in the mid-20th century because of unrestricted whaling. In 1982 a number of countries agreed to put a ban on commercial whaling. As a result, some whales species that used to be endangered have made great comebacks. Even today, there are demands for items such as rhino horns and tiger bones in several areas of Asia. It is here that there exists a strong market for traditional medicines made from these animal parts.

Disease, pollution, and limited distribution are more factors that threaten various plant and animal species. an introduced disease can have severe effects on that species they does not have the natural genetic protection against particular pathogens. For example, rabies and canine distemper viruses are presently destroying carnivore populations in East Africa. Pollution has seriously affected aquatic species, Incidents such as the explosion of the Mariner Energy oil platform, in the Gulf of Mexico demonstrate how we must act quickly and carefully to give these fragile marine species the best chance of survival

Is anything untouchable for money? People have lost perspective on what is important in life. How has man decided he has the right to kill innocent animals for their own benefit? Commercial fisheries target sharks throughout the world, mostly for their fins and meat, but also for their cartilage, liver and skin. Besides that, up to 73 million of the fish are killed annually to support the fin trade alone, driven by demand for shark fin soup. Rhinos are killed for the sole intention of selling their horns on the black market. The 2009 report African and Asian Rhinoceroses--Status, Conservation and Trade (IUCN/TRAFFIC) revealed that illegal trade in rhino horn, particularly in southern Africa, had become progressively worse since 2006. In addition to the increase in trade, the 2009 study found that the majority of African rhino horns were now headed for traditional medicine markets in China and Vietnam The time has come to take meaningful action to protect these animals and to raise awareness of a species threatened with extinction. Absolutely, we're committed to their long-term protection. This action will tell governments around the world to take this issue seriously, strengthen law enforcement, and impose strict legal penalties as successful deterrents to these crimes. These animals deserve protection and that was our responsibility to ensure that their habitat area not destructed. For example, With the help of the Rhino Foundation of Indonesia, the Worldwide Fund for Nature (WWF), Save the Rhino, and the Indonesian government, they have committed to improving the available habitat for Javan rhinos to increase and spread out the population. the Javan rhinos' habitat at the park will undergo improvements to help protect the species from extinction caused by a single natural disaster or introduced disease Firstly, effort to educate the public through the education

programmers. This education should be started at school. Young generation should be given a knowledge about the environments crucial role wetlands play in the survival of indigenous species.. Education programmers in local communities telling people about conservation action succeeding in turning the tide for a highly threatened species, resulting in down listing to endangered. For

instance, Polar Bears International has a long history of promoting conservation efforts, including outreach through innovative classroom and on-the-ground education programs. Soon they will assist zoos holding polar bears by providing care and housing. By funding field projects and through education, our goal is to deliver widespread benefits to these animals, their ecosystems and the local communities that benefit from conservation activities.

Next, we can show our concerned by involving in nongovernmental organization (NGO). There are many organizations that actively showed their support to overcome this environmental issue. For instance, The Pew Environment Group is the conservation arm of The Pew Charitable Trusts, a nongovernmental organization that applies a rigorous, analytical approach to improve public policy, inform the public and stimulate civic life. Another organization such as International Fund for Animal Welfare and other concerned groups and individuals worldwide fought hard to preserve the global moratorium on commercial whaling band. Involving in NGO will giving us the chance working with local conservation groups and governments. For instance, in Brazil and Madagascar doing a variety of projects that we hope will halt the potential extinctions there. Moreover, held a campaign is one of the best way to encourage the people outside about the importance to save our environment especially the endangered species. For instance, Pew Environment Group's Global Shark Conservation Campaign. These survivors from many different corners of the world have overcome their experiences to push for shark conservation. The Tiger Roar Campaign is part of WWF's Year of the Tiger campaign, which runs through February 2011. This is a crucial meeting that will determine the fate of wild tigers, and we need everyone's help to get world leaders to the meeting. Not only that, people can show their support by going to wwf.panda.org/rhino/donate where they can offer donations for rhino conservation, learn more about issues pertaining to saving rhinos and also share this information with others. Donations

to WWF will buy much-needed anti-poaching equipment for guards including binoculars, radios, night-vision gear, body armour, and rhino-tracking and camping equipment. Besides, donations also will provide training for antipoaching units and be used for emergency veterinary treatments for injured rhino, WWF said. As part of the leading role it has been taking in the anti-poaching campaign, EWT recently set up a hotline for people to call when they became aware of suspicious activities concerning rhino poaching or the sale, movement and or trade in their horns. The information would then be passed on to the relevant authorities for investigation. People were also urged to call when they had information about pilots or veterinarians involved in poaching through the use of aircraft and scheduled drugs, and the unethical conduct of any professional hunters or outfitters to obtain rhino horn for the trade. Now law enforcement needs a stronger bite. Law enforcement dedicated to wildlife smuggling is woefully undermanned and underfunded. And even when smugglers are caught, the most common penalty they face is a fine, often no larger than a parking ticket. In conclusion, we must praise and support for their massive effort to better understand the current extinction crisis and also their efforts to save some of the most threatened species. Though, there is no doubt that endangered animals are protected through various laws, organizations and treaties like the World Convention On International Trade In Endangered Wild Flora And Fauna (CITES), more public awareness programs should be implemented to gain public notice. This way, we can protect animals from extinction and conserve the biodiversity of nature. Regardless of what an animal does according to its base instincts of survival, it has its place in our world. We have an obligation to protect and maintain the natural balance of our delicate ecosystems .If we see the value in saving these animals after what we have endured, then everyone should concerned about this environment issue.

References

www.animalarticles.com/newspaper-articles-on-endangered-animals.html Endangered species. . findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0DED/is.../ai_66520544 Dicsocery magazine online. www. National Geographic .online. com. Results tagged endangered species from NatGeo. Assessed on September 13, 2010 News Watch Results tagged endangered species from NatGeo News Watch Human actions cause extinction of Madagascan bird

Teaching English. Retrived February 23, 2010, from http://www.teaching English.org.com.

id. "Together we can stop the criminal elements that are plundering our national heritage and a global asset."

Coetzee said that out of a large number of calls received, some more useful than others, at least three could lead to major breakthroughs in the attempts to get at the poaching organizations. His organization has taken another pro-active role by setting up anti-poaching networks at a local level to gather and co-ordinate information and facilitate faster reaction. It is working closely with the Private Rhino Owners Association. With already more that 180 rhinos killed so far this year, most in South Africa's flagship Kruger National Park, the reserve suffered another loss recently when three rhinos were killed in the northern region of the park where a few years ago a number of the animals where translocated by truck from the better-stocked southern parts of the park.

Although a belief in the "healing powers" of rhino horn are driving the illegal trade, rhino horn has actually been extensively analyzed and found to contain no medicinal properties In conclusion, I should add that